data-structure-typed 2.0.5 → 2.1.1

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Files changed (785) hide show
  1. package/CHANGELOG.md +5 -1
  2. package/COMMANDS.md +27 -0
  3. package/README.md +5 -34
  4. package/benchmark/report.html +13 -77
  5. package/benchmark/report.json +152 -184
  6. package/dist/cjs/index.cjs +13062 -0
  7. package/dist/cjs/index.cjs.map +1 -0
  8. package/dist/esm/index.mjs +12984 -0
  9. package/dist/esm/index.mjs.map +1 -0
  10. package/dist/index.cjs +13091 -0
  11. package/dist/index.cjs.map +1 -0
  12. package/dist/index.js +13013 -0
  13. package/dist/index.js.map +1 -0
  14. package/dist/types/data-structures/base/iterable-element-base.d.ts +219 -0
  15. package/dist/types/data-structures/base/iterable-entry-base.d.ts +144 -0
  16. package/dist/types/data-structures/base/linear-base.d.ts +335 -0
  17. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-counter.d.ts +182 -0
  18. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-multi-map.d.ts +135 -0
  19. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.d.ts +291 -0
  20. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.d.ts +754 -0
  21. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.d.ts +413 -0
  22. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/red-black-tree.d.ts +208 -0
  23. package/dist/types/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-counter.d.ts +190 -0
  24. package/dist/{esm → types}/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multi-map.d.ts +72 -69
  25. package/dist/types/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.d.ts +340 -0
  26. package/dist/types/data-structures/graph/directed-graph.d.ts +207 -0
  27. package/dist/types/data-structures/graph/map-graph.d.ts +78 -0
  28. package/dist/types/data-structures/graph/undirected-graph.d.ts +188 -0
  29. package/dist/types/data-structures/hash/hash-map.d.ts +345 -0
  30. package/dist/types/data-structures/heap/heap.d.ts +503 -0
  31. package/dist/types/data-structures/heap/max-heap.d.ts +32 -0
  32. package/dist/types/data-structures/heap/min-heap.d.ts +33 -0
  33. package/dist/types/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.d.ts +769 -0
  34. package/dist/types/data-structures/linked-list/singly-linked-list.d.ts +451 -0
  35. package/dist/types/data-structures/linked-list/skip-linked-list.d.ts +27 -0
  36. package/dist/types/data-structures/priority-queue/max-priority-queue.d.ts +27 -0
  37. package/dist/types/data-structures/priority-queue/min-priority-queue.d.ts +26 -0
  38. package/dist/types/data-structures/priority-queue/priority-queue.d.ts +15 -0
  39. package/dist/types/data-structures/queue/deque.d.ts +431 -0
  40. package/dist/types/data-structures/queue/queue.d.ts +308 -0
  41. package/dist/{cjs → types}/data-structures/stack/stack.d.ts +124 -102
  42. package/dist/types/data-structures/trie/trie.d.ts +350 -0
  43. package/dist/types/interfaces/binary-tree.d.ts +59 -0
  44. package/dist/types/interfaces/graph.d.ts +21 -0
  45. package/dist/{cjs → types}/types/data-structures/base/base.d.ts +1 -1
  46. package/dist/{esm → types}/types/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.d.ts +4 -0
  47. package/dist/{cjs → types}/types/utils/utils.d.ts +1 -0
  48. package/dist/{esm → types}/utils/utils.d.ts +1 -1
  49. package/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.js +4693 -6484
  50. package/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.js.map +1 -0
  51. package/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.min.js +8 -6
  52. package/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.min.js.map +1 -1
  53. package/jest.integration.config.js +3 -0
  54. package/package.json +13 -12
  55. package/src/data-structures/base/iterable-element-base.ts +238 -115
  56. package/src/data-structures/base/iterable-entry-base.ts +96 -120
  57. package/src/data-structures/base/linear-base.ts +271 -277
  58. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-counter.ts +196 -217
  59. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-multi-map.ts +188 -102
  60. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts +237 -206
  61. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts +665 -896
  62. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts +565 -572
  63. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/red-black-tree.ts +157 -223
  64. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-counter.ts +195 -219
  65. package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multi-map.ts +127 -98
  66. package/src/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.ts +339 -264
  67. package/src/data-structures/graph/directed-graph.ts +146 -236
  68. package/src/data-structures/graph/map-graph.ts +63 -60
  69. package/src/data-structures/graph/undirected-graph.ts +129 -152
  70. package/src/data-structures/hash/hash-map.ts +274 -496
  71. package/src/data-structures/heap/heap.ts +389 -402
  72. package/src/data-structures/heap/max-heap.ts +12 -76
  73. package/src/data-structures/heap/min-heap.ts +13 -76
  74. package/src/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.ts +426 -530
  75. package/src/data-structures/linked-list/singly-linked-list.ts +495 -517
  76. package/src/data-structures/linked-list/skip-linked-list.ts +1 -108
  77. package/src/data-structures/priority-queue/max-priority-queue.ts +12 -87
  78. package/src/data-structures/priority-queue/min-priority-queue.ts +11 -88
  79. package/src/data-structures/priority-queue/priority-queue.ts +3 -92
  80. package/src/data-structures/queue/deque.ts +381 -357
  81. package/src/data-structures/queue/queue.ts +310 -264
  82. package/src/data-structures/stack/stack.ts +217 -131
  83. package/src/data-structures/trie/trie.ts +240 -175
  84. package/src/interfaces/binary-tree.ts +240 -6
  85. package/src/interfaces/graph.ts +37 -0
  86. package/src/types/data-structures/base/base.ts +5 -5
  87. package/src/types/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.ts +5 -0
  88. package/src/types/utils/utils.ts +2 -0
  89. package/src/utils/utils.ts +9 -14
  90. package/test/integration/all-in-one.test.ts +1 -1
  91. package/test/integration/index.html +1 -1
  92. package/test/performance/benchmark-runner.ts +528 -0
  93. package/test/performance/data-structures/comparison/comparison.test.ts +27 -57
  94. package/test/performance/reportor.mjs +43 -43
  95. package/test/performance/runner-config.json +39 -0
  96. package/test/performance/single-suite-runner.ts +69 -0
  97. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-counter.test.ts +3 -3
  98. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-multi-map.test.ts +5 -5
  99. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.test.ts +4 -4
  100. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.test.ts +350 -90
  101. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.test.ts +12 -9
  102. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/red-black-tree.test.ts +2 -2
  103. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-counter.test.ts +25 -24
  104. package/test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multi-map.test.ts +112 -4
  105. package/test/unit/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.test.ts +0 -4
  106. package/test/unit/data-structures/graph/directed-graph.test.ts +1 -1
  107. package/test/unit/data-structures/heap/heap.test.ts +14 -21
  108. package/test/unit/data-structures/heap/max-heap.test.ts +5 -9
  109. package/test/unit/data-structures/heap/min-heap.test.ts +1 -4
  110. package/test/unit/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.test.ts +14 -14
  111. package/test/unit/data-structures/linked-list/singly-linked-list.test.ts +0 -7
  112. package/test/unit/data-structures/priority-queue/max-priority-queue.test.ts +8 -11
  113. package/test/unit/data-structures/priority-queue/min-priority-queue.test.ts +1 -4
  114. package/test/unit/data-structures/priority-queue/priority-queue.test.ts +1 -4
  115. package/test/unit/data-structures/queue/queue.test.ts +4 -5
  116. package/test/unit/utils/utils.test.ts +0 -1
  117. package/tsconfig-base.json +20 -20
  118. package/tsconfig-types.json +17 -0
  119. package/tsconfig.test.json +8 -0
  120. package/tsup.config.js +11 -22
  121. package/tsup.node.config.ts +37 -0
  122. package/dist/cjs/common/index.js +0 -29
  123. package/dist/cjs/common/index.js.map +0 -1
  124. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/index.js +0 -19
  125. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/index.js.map +0 -1
  126. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/iterable-element-base.d.ts +0 -116
  127. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/iterable-element-base.js +0 -202
  128. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/iterable-element-base.js.map +0 -1
  129. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/iterable-entry-base.d.ts +0 -168
  130. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/iterable-entry-base.js +0 -241
  131. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/iterable-entry-base.js.map +0 -1
  132. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/linear-base.d.ts +0 -277
  133. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/linear-base.js +0 -553
  134. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/base/linear-base.js.map +0 -1
  135. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-counter.d.ts +0 -214
  136. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-counter.js +0 -409
  137. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-counter.js.map +0 -1
  138. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-multi-map.d.ts +0 -104
  139. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-multi-map.js +0 -203
  140. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree-multi-map.js.map +0 -1
  141. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.d.ts +0 -302
  142. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.js +0 -599
  143. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.js.map +0 -1
  144. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-indexed-tree.js +0 -295
  145. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-indexed-tree.js.map +0 -1
  146. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.d.ts +0 -910
  147. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.js +0 -2197
  148. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.js.map +0 -1
  149. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.d.ts +0 -461
  150. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.js +0 -880
  151. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.js.map +0 -1
  152. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/index.js +0 -27
  153. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/index.js.map +0 -1
  154. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/red-black-tree.d.ts +0 -280
  155. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/red-black-tree.js +0 -642
  156. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/red-black-tree.js.map +0 -1
  157. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/segment-tree.js +0 -298
  158. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/segment-tree.js.map +0 -1
  159. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-counter.d.ts +0 -212
  160. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-counter.js +0 -445
  161. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-counter.js.map +0 -1
  162. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multi-map.d.ts +0 -267
  163. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multi-map.js +0 -365
  164. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multi-map.js.map +0 -1
  165. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.d.ts +0 -335
  166. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.js +0 -867
  167. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.js.map +0 -1
  168. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/directed-graph.d.ts +0 -323
  169. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/directed-graph.js +0 -613
  170. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/directed-graph.js.map +0 -1
  171. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/index.js +0 -21
  172. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/index.js.map +0 -1
  173. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/map-graph.d.ts +0 -84
  174. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/map-graph.js +0 -111
  175. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/map-graph.js.map +0 -1
  176. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/undirected-graph.d.ts +0 -231
  177. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/undirected-graph.js +0 -445
  178. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/graph/undirected-graph.js.map +0 -1
  179. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/hash/hash-map.d.ts +0 -519
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  197. package/dist/cjs/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.d.ts +0 -885
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@@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
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- /**
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- * data-structure-typed
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- *
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- * @author Pablo Zeng
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- * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
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- * @license MIT License
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- */
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- import type { ElementCallback, StackOptions } from '../../types';
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- import { IterableElementBase } from '../base';
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- /**
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- * 1. Last In, First Out (LIFO): The core characteristic of a stack is its last in, first out nature, meaning the last element added to the stack will be the first to be removed.
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- * 2. Uses: Stacks are commonly used for managing a series of tasks or elements that need to be processed in a last in, first out manner. They are widely used in various scenarios, such as in function calls in programming languages, evaluation of arithmetic expressions, and backtracking algorithms.
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- * 3. Performance: Stack operations are typically O(1) in time complexity, meaning that regardless of the stack's size, adding, removing, and viewing the top element are very fast operations.
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- * 4. Function Calls: In most modern programming languages, the records of function calls are managed through a stack. When a function is called, its record (including parameters, local variables, and return address) is 'pushed' into the stack. When the function returns, its record is 'popped' from the stack.
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- * 5. Expression Evaluation: Used for the evaluation of arithmetic or logical expressions, especially when dealing with parenthesis matching and operator precedence.
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- * 6. Backtracking Algorithms: In problems where multiple branches need to be explored but only one branch can be explored at a time, stacks can be used to save the state at each branching point.
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- * @example
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- * // Balanced Parentheses or Brackets
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- * type ValidCharacters = ')' | '(' | ']' | '[' | '}' | '{';
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- *
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- * const stack = new Stack<string>();
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- * const input: ValidCharacters[] = '[({})]'.split('') as ValidCharacters[];
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- * const matches: { [key in ValidCharacters]?: ValidCharacters } = { ')': '(', ']': '[', '}': '{' };
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- * for (const char of input) {
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- * if ('([{'.includes(char)) {
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- * stack.push(char);
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- * } else if (')]}'.includes(char)) {
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- * if (stack.pop() !== matches[char]) {
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- * fail('Parentheses are not balanced');
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- * }
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- * }
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- * }
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- * console.log(stack.isEmpty()); // true
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- * @example
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- * // Expression Evaluation and Conversion
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- * const stack = new Stack<number>();
37
- * const expression = [5, 3, '+']; // Equivalent to 5 + 3
38
- * expression.forEach(token => {
39
- * if (typeof token === 'number') {
40
- * stack.push(token);
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- * } else {
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- * const b = stack.pop()!;
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- * const a = stack.pop()!;
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- * stack.push(token === '+' ? a + b : 0); // Only handling '+' here
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- * }
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- * });
47
- * console.log(stack.pop()); // 8
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- * @example
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- * // Depth-First Search (DFS)
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- * const stack = new Stack<number>();
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- * const graph: { [key in number]: number[] } = { 1: [2, 3], 2: [4], 3: [5], 4: [], 5: [] };
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- * const visited: number[] = [];
53
- * stack.push(1);
54
- * while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
55
- * const node = stack.pop()!;
56
- * if (!visited.includes(node)) {
57
- * visited.push(node);
58
- * graph[node].forEach(neighbor => stack.push(neighbor));
59
- * }
60
- * }
61
- * console.log(visited); // [1, 3, 5, 2, 4]
62
- * @example
63
- * // Backtracking Algorithms
64
- * const stack = new Stack<[number, number]>();
65
- * const maze = [
66
- * ['S', ' ', 'X'],
67
- * ['X', ' ', 'X'],
68
- * [' ', ' ', 'E']
69
- * ];
70
- * const start: [number, number] = [0, 0];
71
- * const end = [2, 2];
72
- * const directions = [
73
- * [0, 1], // To the right
74
- * [1, 0], // down
75
- * [0, -1], // left
76
- * [-1, 0] // up
77
- * ];
78
- *
79
- * const visited = new Set<string>(); // Used to record visited nodes
80
- * stack.push(start);
81
- * const path: number[][] = [];
82
- *
83
- * while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
84
- * const [x, y] = stack.pop()!;
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- * if (visited.has(`${x},${y}`)) continue; // Skip already visited nodes
86
- * visited.add(`${x},${y}`);
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- *
88
- * path.push([x, y]);
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- *
90
- * if (x === end[0] && y === end[1]) {
91
- * break; // Find the end point and exit
92
- * }
93
- *
94
- * for (const [dx, dy] of directions) {
95
- * const nx = x + dx;
96
- * const ny = y + dy;
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- * if (
98
- * maze[nx]?.[ny] === ' ' || // feasible path
99
- * maze[nx]?.[ny] === 'E' // destination
100
- * ) {
101
- * stack.push([nx, ny]);
102
- * }
103
- * }
104
- * }
105
- *
106
- * expect(path).toContainEqual(end);
107
- * @example
108
- * // Function Call Stack
109
- * const functionStack = new Stack<string>();
110
- * functionStack.push('main');
111
- * functionStack.push('foo');
112
- * functionStack.push('bar');
113
- * console.log(functionStack.pop()); // 'bar'
114
- * console.log(functionStack.pop()); // 'foo'
115
- * console.log(functionStack.pop()); // 'main'
116
- * @example
117
- * // Simplify File Paths
118
- * const stack = new Stack<string>();
119
- * const path = '/a/./b/../../c';
120
- * path.split('/').forEach(segment => {
121
- * if (segment === '..') stack.pop();
122
- * else if (segment && segment !== '.') stack.push(segment);
123
- * });
124
- * console.log(stack.elements.join('/')); // 'c'
125
- * @example
126
- * // Stock Span Problem
127
- * const stack = new Stack<number>();
128
- * const prices = [100, 80, 60, 70, 60, 75, 85];
129
- * const spans: number[] = [];
130
- * prices.forEach((price, i) => {
131
- * while (!stack.isEmpty() && prices[stack.peek()!] <= price) {
132
- * stack.pop();
133
- * }
134
- * spans.push(stack.isEmpty() ? i + 1 : i - stack.peek()!);
135
- * stack.push(i);
136
- * });
137
- * console.log(spans); // [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 6]
138
- */
139
- export declare class Stack<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R> {
140
- constructor(elements?: Iterable<E> | Iterable<R>, options?: StackOptions<E, R>);
141
- protected _elements: E[];
142
- /**
143
- * The elements function returns the elements of this set.
144
- * @return An array of elements
145
- */
146
- get elements(): E[];
147
- /**
148
- * The size() function returns the number of elements in an array.
149
- * @returns The size of the elements array.
150
- */
151
- get size(): number;
152
- /**
153
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
154
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
155
- *
156
- * The function "fromArray" creates a new Stack object from an array of elements.
157
- * @param {E[]} elements - The `elements` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
158
- * @returns {Stack} The method is returning a new instance of the Stack class, initialized with the elements from the input
159
- * array.
160
- */
161
- static fromArray<E>(elements: E[]): Stack<E>;
162
- /**
163
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
164
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
165
- *
166
- * The function checks if an array is empty and returns a boolean value.
167
- * @returns A boolean value indicating whether the `_elements` array is empty or not.
168
- */
169
- isEmpty(): boolean;
170
- /**
171
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
172
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
173
- *
174
- * The `peek` function returns the last element of an array, or undefined if the array is empty.
175
- * @returns The `peek()` function returns the last element of the `_elements` array, or `undefined` if the array is empty.
176
- */
177
- peek(): E | undefined;
178
- /**
179
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
180
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
181
- *
182
- * The push function adds an element to the stack and returns the updated stack.
183
- * @param {E} element - The parameter "element" is of type E, which means it can be any data type.
184
- * @returns The `push` method is returning the updated `Stack<E>` object.
185
- */
186
- push(element: E): boolean;
187
- /**
188
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
189
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
190
- *
191
- * The `pop` function removes and returns the last element from an array, or returns undefined if the array is empty.
192
- * @returns The `pop()` method is returning the last element of the array `_elements` if the array is not empty. If the
193
- * array is empty, it returns `undefined`.
194
- */
195
- pop(): E | undefined;
196
- /**
197
- * Time Complexity: O(k)
198
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
199
- *
200
- * The function `pushMany` iterates over elements and pushes them into an array after applying a
201
- * transformation function if provided.
202
- * @param {Iterable<E> | Iterable<R>} elements - The `elements` parameter in the `pushMany` function
203
- * is an iterable containing elements of type `E` or `R`. The function iterates over each element in
204
- * the iterable and pushes it into the data structure. If a transformation function `toElementFn` is
205
- * provided, it is used to
206
- * @returns The `pushMany` function is returning an array of boolean values indicating whether each
207
- * element was successfully pushed into the data structure.
208
- */
209
- pushMany(elements: Iterable<E> | Iterable<R>): boolean[];
210
- /**
211
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
212
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
213
- *
214
- * The toArray function returns a copy of the elements in an array.
215
- * @returns An array of type E.
216
- */
217
- delete(element: E): boolean;
218
- /**
219
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
220
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
221
- *
222
- * The toArray function returns a copy of the elements in an array.
223
- * @returns An array of type E.
224
- */
225
- deleteAt(index: number): boolean;
226
- /**
227
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
228
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
229
- *
230
- * The clear function clears the elements array.
231
- */
232
- clear(): void;
233
- /**
234
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
235
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
236
- *
237
- * The `clone()` function returns a new `Stack` object with the same elements as the original stack.
238
- * @returns The `clone()` method is returning a new `Stack` object with a copy of the `_elements` array.
239
- */
240
- clone(): Stack<E, R>;
241
- /**
242
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
243
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
244
- *
245
- * The `filter` function creates a new stack containing elements from the original stack that satisfy
246
- * a given predicate function.
247
- * @param predicate - The `predicate` parameter is a callback function that takes three arguments:
248
- * the current element being iterated over, the index of the current element, and the stack itself.
249
- * It should return a boolean value indicating whether the element should be included in the filtered
250
- * stack or not.
251
- * @param {any} [thisArg] - The `thisArg` parameter is an optional argument that specifies the value
252
- * to be used as `this` when executing the `predicate` function. If `thisArg` is provided, it will be
253
- * passed as the `this` value to the `predicate` function. If `thisArg` is
254
- * @returns The `filter` method is returning a new `Stack` object that contains the elements that
255
- * satisfy the given predicate function.
256
- */
257
- filter(predicate: ElementCallback<E, R, boolean>, thisArg?: any): Stack<E, R>;
258
- /**
259
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
260
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
261
- *
262
- * The `map` function takes a callback function and applies it to each element in the stack,
263
- * returning a new stack with the results.
264
- * @param callback - The callback parameter is a function that will be called for each element in the
265
- * stack. It takes three arguments: the current element, the index of the element, and the stack
266
- * itself. It should return a new value that will be added to the new stack.
267
- * @param [toElementFn] - The `toElementFn` parameter is an optional function that can be used to
268
- * transform the raw element (`RM`) into a new element (`EM`) before pushing it into the new stack.
269
- * @param {any} [thisArg] - The `thisArg` parameter is an optional argument that allows you to
270
- * specify the value of `this` within the callback function. It is used to set the context or scope
271
- * in which the callback function will be executed. If `thisArg` is provided, it will be used as the
272
- * value of
273
- * @returns a new Stack object with elements of type EM and raw elements of type RM.
274
- */
275
- map<EM, RM>(callback: ElementCallback<E, R, EM>, toElementFn?: (rawElement: RM) => EM, thisArg?: any): Stack<EM, RM>;
276
- /**
277
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
278
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
279
- *
280
- * Custom iterator for the Stack class.
281
- * @returns An iterator object.
282
- */
283
- protected _getIterator(): IterableIterator<E>;
284
- }
@@ -1,342 +0,0 @@
1
- import { IterableElementBase } from '../base';
2
- /**
3
- * 1. Last In, First Out (LIFO): The core characteristic of a stack is its last in, first out nature, meaning the last element added to the stack will be the first to be removed.
4
- * 2. Uses: Stacks are commonly used for managing a series of tasks or elements that need to be processed in a last in, first out manner. They are widely used in various scenarios, such as in function calls in programming languages, evaluation of arithmetic expressions, and backtracking algorithms.
5
- * 3. Performance: Stack operations are typically O(1) in time complexity, meaning that regardless of the stack's size, adding, removing, and viewing the top element are very fast operations.
6
- * 4. Function Calls: In most modern programming languages, the records of function calls are managed through a stack. When a function is called, its record (including parameters, local variables, and return address) is 'pushed' into the stack. When the function returns, its record is 'popped' from the stack.
7
- * 5. Expression Evaluation: Used for the evaluation of arithmetic or logical expressions, especially when dealing with parenthesis matching and operator precedence.
8
- * 6. Backtracking Algorithms: In problems where multiple branches need to be explored but only one branch can be explored at a time, stacks can be used to save the state at each branching point.
9
- * @example
10
- * // Balanced Parentheses or Brackets
11
- * type ValidCharacters = ')' | '(' | ']' | '[' | '}' | '{';
12
- *
13
- * const stack = new Stack<string>();
14
- * const input: ValidCharacters[] = '[({})]'.split('') as ValidCharacters[];
15
- * const matches: { [key in ValidCharacters]?: ValidCharacters } = { ')': '(', ']': '[', '}': '{' };
16
- * for (const char of input) {
17
- * if ('([{'.includes(char)) {
18
- * stack.push(char);
19
- * } else if (')]}'.includes(char)) {
20
- * if (stack.pop() !== matches[char]) {
21
- * fail('Parentheses are not balanced');
22
- * }
23
- * }
24
- * }
25
- * console.log(stack.isEmpty()); // true
26
- * @example
27
- * // Expression Evaluation and Conversion
28
- * const stack = new Stack<number>();
29
- * const expression = [5, 3, '+']; // Equivalent to 5 + 3
30
- * expression.forEach(token => {
31
- * if (typeof token === 'number') {
32
- * stack.push(token);
33
- * } else {
34
- * const b = stack.pop()!;
35
- * const a = stack.pop()!;
36
- * stack.push(token === '+' ? a + b : 0); // Only handling '+' here
37
- * }
38
- * });
39
- * console.log(stack.pop()); // 8
40
- * @example
41
- * // Depth-First Search (DFS)
42
- * const stack = new Stack<number>();
43
- * const graph: { [key in number]: number[] } = { 1: [2, 3], 2: [4], 3: [5], 4: [], 5: [] };
44
- * const visited: number[] = [];
45
- * stack.push(1);
46
- * while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
47
- * const node = stack.pop()!;
48
- * if (!visited.includes(node)) {
49
- * visited.push(node);
50
- * graph[node].forEach(neighbor => stack.push(neighbor));
51
- * }
52
- * }
53
- * console.log(visited); // [1, 3, 5, 2, 4]
54
- * @example
55
- * // Backtracking Algorithms
56
- * const stack = new Stack<[number, number]>();
57
- * const maze = [
58
- * ['S', ' ', 'X'],
59
- * ['X', ' ', 'X'],
60
- * [' ', ' ', 'E']
61
- * ];
62
- * const start: [number, number] = [0, 0];
63
- * const end = [2, 2];
64
- * const directions = [
65
- * [0, 1], // To the right
66
- * [1, 0], // down
67
- * [0, -1], // left
68
- * [-1, 0] // up
69
- * ];
70
- *
71
- * const visited = new Set<string>(); // Used to record visited nodes
72
- * stack.push(start);
73
- * const path: number[][] = [];
74
- *
75
- * while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
76
- * const [x, y] = stack.pop()!;
77
- * if (visited.has(`${x},${y}`)) continue; // Skip already visited nodes
78
- * visited.add(`${x},${y}`);
79
- *
80
- * path.push([x, y]);
81
- *
82
- * if (x === end[0] && y === end[1]) {
83
- * break; // Find the end point and exit
84
- * }
85
- *
86
- * for (const [dx, dy] of directions) {
87
- * const nx = x + dx;
88
- * const ny = y + dy;
89
- * if (
90
- * maze[nx]?.[ny] === ' ' || // feasible path
91
- * maze[nx]?.[ny] === 'E' // destination
92
- * ) {
93
- * stack.push([nx, ny]);
94
- * }
95
- * }
96
- * }
97
- *
98
- * expect(path).toContainEqual(end);
99
- * @example
100
- * // Function Call Stack
101
- * const functionStack = new Stack<string>();
102
- * functionStack.push('main');
103
- * functionStack.push('foo');
104
- * functionStack.push('bar');
105
- * console.log(functionStack.pop()); // 'bar'
106
- * console.log(functionStack.pop()); // 'foo'
107
- * console.log(functionStack.pop()); // 'main'
108
- * @example
109
- * // Simplify File Paths
110
- * const stack = new Stack<string>();
111
- * const path = '/a/./b/../../c';
112
- * path.split('/').forEach(segment => {
113
- * if (segment === '..') stack.pop();
114
- * else if (segment && segment !== '.') stack.push(segment);
115
- * });
116
- * console.log(stack.elements.join('/')); // 'c'
117
- * @example
118
- * // Stock Span Problem
119
- * const stack = new Stack<number>();
120
- * const prices = [100, 80, 60, 70, 60, 75, 85];
121
- * const spans: number[] = [];
122
- * prices.forEach((price, i) => {
123
- * while (!stack.isEmpty() && prices[stack.peek()!] <= price) {
124
- * stack.pop();
125
- * }
126
- * spans.push(stack.isEmpty() ? i + 1 : i - stack.peek()!);
127
- * stack.push(i);
128
- * });
129
- * console.log(spans); // [1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 6]
130
- */
131
- export class Stack extends IterableElementBase {
132
- constructor(elements = [], options) {
133
- super(options);
134
- this.pushMany(elements);
135
- }
136
- _elements = [];
137
- /**
138
- * The elements function returns the elements of this set.
139
- * @return An array of elements
140
- */
141
- get elements() {
142
- return this._elements;
143
- }
144
- /**
145
- * The size() function returns the number of elements in an array.
146
- * @returns The size of the elements array.
147
- */
148
- get size() {
149
- return this.elements.length;
150
- }
151
- /**
152
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
153
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
154
- *
155
- * The function "fromArray" creates a new Stack object from an array of elements.
156
- * @param {E[]} elements - The `elements` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
157
- * @returns {Stack} The method is returning a new instance of the Stack class, initialized with the elements from the input
158
- * array.
159
- */
160
- static fromArray(elements) {
161
- return new Stack(elements);
162
- }
163
- /**
164
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
165
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
166
- *
167
- * The function checks if an array is empty and returns a boolean value.
168
- * @returns A boolean value indicating whether the `_elements` array is empty or not.
169
- */
170
- isEmpty() {
171
- return this.elements.length === 0;
172
- }
173
- /**
174
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
175
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
176
- *
177
- * The `peek` function returns the last element of an array, or undefined if the array is empty.
178
- * @returns The `peek()` function returns the last element of the `_elements` array, or `undefined` if the array is empty.
179
- */
180
- peek() {
181
- if (this.isEmpty())
182
- return undefined;
183
- return this.elements[this.elements.length - 1];
184
- }
185
- /**
186
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
187
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
188
- *
189
- * The push function adds an element to the stack and returns the updated stack.
190
- * @param {E} element - The parameter "element" is of type E, which means it can be any data type.
191
- * @returns The `push` method is returning the updated `Stack<E>` object.
192
- */
193
- push(element) {
194
- this.elements.push(element);
195
- return true;
196
- }
197
- /**
198
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
199
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
200
- *
201
- * The `pop` function removes and returns the last element from an array, or returns undefined if the array is empty.
202
- * @returns The `pop()` method is returning the last element of the array `_elements` if the array is not empty. If the
203
- * array is empty, it returns `undefined`.
204
- */
205
- pop() {
206
- if (this.isEmpty())
207
- return;
208
- return this.elements.pop();
209
- }
210
- /**
211
- * Time Complexity: O(k)
212
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
213
- *
214
- * The function `pushMany` iterates over elements and pushes them into an array after applying a
215
- * transformation function if provided.
216
- * @param {Iterable<E> | Iterable<R>} elements - The `elements` parameter in the `pushMany` function
217
- * is an iterable containing elements of type `E` or `R`. The function iterates over each element in
218
- * the iterable and pushes it into the data structure. If a transformation function `toElementFn` is
219
- * provided, it is used to
220
- * @returns The `pushMany` function is returning an array of boolean values indicating whether each
221
- * element was successfully pushed into the data structure.
222
- */
223
- pushMany(elements) {
224
- const ans = [];
225
- for (const el of elements) {
226
- if (this.toElementFn) {
227
- ans.push(this.push(this.toElementFn(el)));
228
- }
229
- else {
230
- ans.push(this.push(el));
231
- }
232
- }
233
- return ans;
234
- }
235
- /**
236
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
237
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
238
- *
239
- * The toArray function returns a copy of the elements in an array.
240
- * @returns An array of type E.
241
- */
242
- delete(element) {
243
- const index = this.elements.indexOf(element);
244
- return this.deleteAt(index);
245
- }
246
- /**
247
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
248
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
249
- *
250
- * The toArray function returns a copy of the elements in an array.
251
- * @returns An array of type E.
252
- */
253
- deleteAt(index) {
254
- const spliced = this.elements.splice(index, 1);
255
- return spliced.length === 1;
256
- }
257
- /**
258
- * Time Complexity: O(1)
259
- * Space Complexity: O(1)
260
- *
261
- * The clear function clears the elements array.
262
- */
263
- clear() {
264
- this._elements = [];
265
- }
266
- /**
267
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
268
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
269
- *
270
- * The `clone()` function returns a new `Stack` object with the same elements as the original stack.
271
- * @returns The `clone()` method is returning a new `Stack` object with a copy of the `_elements` array.
272
- */
273
- clone() {
274
- return new Stack(this, { toElementFn: this.toElementFn });
275
- }
276
- /**
277
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
278
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
279
- *
280
- * The `filter` function creates a new stack containing elements from the original stack that satisfy
281
- * a given predicate function.
282
- * @param predicate - The `predicate` parameter is a callback function that takes three arguments:
283
- * the current element being iterated over, the index of the current element, and the stack itself.
284
- * It should return a boolean value indicating whether the element should be included in the filtered
285
- * stack or not.
286
- * @param {any} [thisArg] - The `thisArg` parameter is an optional argument that specifies the value
287
- * to be used as `this` when executing the `predicate` function. If `thisArg` is provided, it will be
288
- * passed as the `this` value to the `predicate` function. If `thisArg` is
289
- * @returns The `filter` method is returning a new `Stack` object that contains the elements that
290
- * satisfy the given predicate function.
291
- */
292
- filter(predicate, thisArg) {
293
- const newStack = new Stack([], { toElementFn: this.toElementFn });
294
- let index = 0;
295
- for (const el of this) {
296
- if (predicate.call(thisArg, el, index, this)) {
297
- newStack.push(el);
298
- }
299
- index++;
300
- }
301
- return newStack;
302
- }
303
- /**
304
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
305
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
306
- *
307
- * The `map` function takes a callback function and applies it to each element in the stack,
308
- * returning a new stack with the results.
309
- * @param callback - The callback parameter is a function that will be called for each element in the
310
- * stack. It takes three arguments: the current element, the index of the element, and the stack
311
- * itself. It should return a new value that will be added to the new stack.
312
- * @param [toElementFn] - The `toElementFn` parameter is an optional function that can be used to
313
- * transform the raw element (`RM`) into a new element (`EM`) before pushing it into the new stack.
314
- * @param {any} [thisArg] - The `thisArg` parameter is an optional argument that allows you to
315
- * specify the value of `this` within the callback function. It is used to set the context or scope
316
- * in which the callback function will be executed. If `thisArg` is provided, it will be used as the
317
- * value of
318
- * @returns a new Stack object with elements of type EM and raw elements of type RM.
319
- */
320
- map(callback, toElementFn, thisArg) {
321
- const newStack = new Stack([], { toElementFn });
322
- let index = 0;
323
- for (const el of this) {
324
- newStack.push(callback.call(thisArg, el, index, this));
325
- index++;
326
- }
327
- return newStack;
328
- }
329
- /**
330
- * Time Complexity: O(n)
331
- * Space Complexity: O(n)
332
- *
333
- * Custom iterator for the Stack class.
334
- * @returns An iterator object.
335
- */
336
- *_getIterator() {
337
- for (let i = 0; i < this.elements.length; i++) {
338
- yield this.elements[i];
339
- }
340
- }
341
- }
342
- //# sourceMappingURL=stack.js.map
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@@ -1 +0,0 @@
1
- export * from './tree';
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
1
- export * from './tree';
2
- //# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
1
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