data-structure-typed 1.47.4 → 1.47.6

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.js

@@ -45,21 +45,22 @@ export class BSTNode extends BinaryTreeNode {
     }
 }
 export class BST extends BinaryTree {
-    options;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a binary search tree with an optional comparator function.
      * @param {BSTOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options
      * for the binary search tree.
      */
-    constructor(options) {
-        super(options);
+    constructor(elements, options) {
+        super([], options);
         if (options) {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b, ...options };
-        }
-        else {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b };
+            const { comparator } = options;
+            if (comparator) {
+                this.comparator = comparator;
+            }
         }
         this._root = undefined;
+        if (elements)
+            this.init(elements);
     }
     _root;
     /**
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
     get root() {
         return this._root;
     }
+    comparator = (a, b) => a - b;
     /**
      * The function creates a new binary search tree node with the given key and value.
      * @param {BTNKey} key - The key parameter is the key value that will be associated with
@@ -80,12 +82,11 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         return new BSTNode(key, value);
     }
     createTree(options) {
-        return new BST({ ...this.options, ...options });
+        return new BST([], {
+            iterationType: this.iterationType,
+            comparator: this.comparator, ...options
+        });
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
@@ -176,8 +177,8 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         return inserted;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * current instance of the binary search tree
      * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of nodes (`N`) or `undefined` values.
      */
-    addMany(keysOrNodes, data, isBalanceAdd = true, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    addMany(keysOrNodes, data, isBalanceAdd = true, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         // TODO this addMany function is inefficient, it should be optimized
         function hasNoUndefined(arr) {
             return arr.indexOf(undefined) === -1;
@@ -269,8 +270,8 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         return inserted;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
+     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
@@ -287,7 +288,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * the key of the leftmost node if the comparison result is greater than, and the key of the
      * rightmost node otherwise. If no node is found, it returns 0.
      */
-    lastKey(beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    lastKey(beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         if (this._compare(0, 1) === CP.lt)
             return this.getRightMost(beginRoot, iterationType)?.key ?? 0;
         else if (this._compare(0, 1) === CP.gt)
@@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
     }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
@@ -344,6 +345,10 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
             }
         }
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     */
     /**
      * The function `ensureNotKey` returns the node corresponding to the given key if it is a node key,
      * otherwise it returns the key itself.
@@ -356,10 +361,6 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
     ensureNotKey(key, iterationType = IterationType.ITERATIVE) {
         return this.isNodeKey(key) ? this.getNodeByKey(key, iterationType) : key;
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
      * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
@@ -383,7 +384,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * performed on the binary tree. It can have two possible values:
      * @returns The method returns an array of nodes (`N[]`).
      */
-    getNodes(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, onlyOne = false, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    getNodes(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, onlyOne = false, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         beginRoot = this.ensureNotKey(beginRoot);
         if (!beginRoot)
             return [];
@@ -464,7 +465,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * @returns The function `lesserOrGreaterTraverse` returns an array of values of type
      * `ReturnType<C>`, which is the return type of the callback function passed as an argument.
      */
-    lesserOrGreaterTraverse(callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, lesserOrGreater = CP.lt, targetNode = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    lesserOrGreaterTraverse(callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, lesserOrGreater = CP.lt, targetNode = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         targetNode = this.ensureNotKey(targetNode);
         const ans = [];
         if (!targetNode)
@@ -505,17 +506,8 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         }
     }
     /**
-     * Balancing Adjustment:
-     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Since the balance of a perfectly balanced binary tree is already fixed, no additional balancing adjustment is needed. Any insertion or deletion operation will disrupt the perfect balance, often requiring a complete reconstruction of the tree.
-     * AVL Tree: After insertion or deletion operations, an AVL tree performs rotation adjustments based on the balance factor of nodes to restore the tree's balance. These rotations can be left rotations, right rotations, left-right rotations, or right-left rotations, performed as needed.
-     *
-     * Use Cases and Efficiency:
-     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Perfectly balanced binary trees are typically used in specific scenarios such as complete binary heaps in heap sort or certain types of Huffman trees. However, they are not suitable for dynamic operations requiring frequent insertions and deletions, as these operations often necessitate full tree reconstruction.
-     * AVL Tree: AVL trees are well-suited for scenarios involving frequent searching, insertion, and deletion operations. Through rotation adjustments, AVL trees maintain their balance, ensuring average and worst-case time complexity of O(log n).
-     */
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. O(n) - Visiting each node once when identifier is not node's key.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
@@ -528,7 +520,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * values:
      * @returns The function `perfectlyBalance` returns a boolean value.
      */
-    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         const sorted = this.dfs(node => node, 'in'), n = sorted.length;
         this.clear();
         if (sorted.length < 1)
@@ -566,8 +558,17 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         }
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
-     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     * Balancing Adjustment:
+     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Since the balance of a perfectly balanced binary tree is already fixed, no additional balancing adjustment is needed. Any insertion or deletion operation will disrupt the perfect balance, often requiring a complete reconstruction of the tree.
+     * AVL Tree: After insertion or deletion operations, an AVL tree performs rotation adjustments based on the balance factor of nodes to restore the tree's balance. These rotations can be left rotations, right rotations, left-right rotations, or right-left rotations, performed as needed.
+     *
+     * Use Cases and Efficiency:
+     * Perfectly Balanced Binary Tree: Perfectly balanced binary trees are typically used in specific scenarios such as complete binary heaps in heap sort or certain types of Huffman trees. However, they are not suitable for dynamic operations requiring frequent insertions and deletions, as these operations often necessitate full tree reconstruction.
+     * AVL Tree: AVL trees are well-suited for scenarios involving frequent searching, insertion, and deletion operations. Through rotation adjustments, AVL trees maintain their balance, ensuring average and worst-case time complexity of O(log n).
+     */
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Building a balanced tree from a sorted array.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
@@ -578,7 +579,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * to check if the AVL tree is balanced. It can have two possible values:
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
-    isAVLBalanced(iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    isAVLBalanced(iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         if (!this.root)
             return true;
         let balanced = true;
@@ -623,6 +624,23 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
         }
         return balanced;
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n) - Visiting each node once.
+     * Space Complexity: O(log n) - Space for the recursive call stack in the worst case.
+     */
+    init(elements) {
+        if (elements) {
+            for (const entryOrKey of elements) {
+                if (Array.isArray(entryOrKey)) {
+                    const [key, value] = entryOrKey;
+                    this.add(key, value);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.add(entryOrKey);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     _setRoot(v) {
         if (v) {
             v.parent = undefined;
@@ -638,7 +656,7 @@ export class BST extends BinaryTree {
      * than), CP.lt (less than), or CP.eq (equal).
      */
     _compare(a, b) {
-        const compared = this.options.comparator(a, b);
+        const compared = this.comparator(a, b);
         if (compared > 0)
             return CP.gt;
         else if (compared < 0)

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.d.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
  * @license MIT License
  */
-import { BiTreeDeleteResult, BTNCallback, BTNKey, IterationType, RBTNColor, RBTreeOptions, RedBlackTreeNested, RedBlackTreeNodeNested } from '../../types';
+import { BiTreeDeleteResult, BTNCallback, BTNKey, IterableEntriesOrKeys, IterationType, RBTNColor, RBTreeOptions, RedBlackTreeNested, RedBlackTreeNodeNested } from '../../types';
 import { BST, BSTNode } from './bst';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 export declare class RedBlackTreeNode<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTreeNodeNested<V>> extends BSTNode<V, N> {
@@ -21,23 +21,18 @@ export declare class RedBlackTreeNode<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N>
  */
 export declare class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTreeNode<V, RedBlackTreeNodeNested<V>>, TREE extends RedBlackTree<V, N, TREE> = RedBlackTree<V, N, RedBlackTreeNested<V, N>>> extends BST<V, N, TREE> implements IBinaryTree<V, N, TREE> {
     Sentinel: N;
-    options: RBTreeOptions;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a Red-Black Tree with an optional set of options.
      * @param {RBTreeOptions} [options] - The `options` parameter is an optional object that can be
      * passed to the constructor. It is used to configure the RBTree object with specific options.
      */
-    constructor(options?: RBTreeOptions);
+    constructor(elements?: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>, options?: Partial<RBTreeOptions>);
     protected _root: N;
     get root(): N;
     protected _size: number;
     get size(): number;
     createNode(key: BTNKey, value?: V, color?: RBTNColor): N;
     createTree(options?: RBTreeOptions): TREE;
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -70,6 +65,10 @@ export declare class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = Re
      * @returns an array of `BiTreeDeleteResult<N>`.
      */
     delete<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(identifier: ReturnType<C> | null | undefined, callback?: C): BiTreeDeleteResult<N>[];
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     */
     isRealNode(node: N | undefined): node is N;
     getNode<C extends BTNCallback<N, BTNKey>>(identifier: BTNKey, callback?: C, beginRoot?: N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): N | undefined;
     getNode<C extends BTNCallback<N, N>>(identifier: N | undefined, callback?: C, beginRoot?: N | undefined, iterationType?: IterationType): N | undefined;
@@ -101,7 +100,12 @@ export declare class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = Re
      * @returns the predecessor of the given RedBlackTreeNode 'x'.
      */
     getPredecessor(x: N): N;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     */
     clear(): void;
+    init(elements: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>): void;
     protected _setRoot(v: N): void;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1)

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.js

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
  * @license MIT License
  */
-import { IterationType, RBTNColor } from '../../types';
+import { RBTNColor } from '../../types';
 import { BST, BSTNode } from './bst';
 import { BinaryTreeNode } from './binary-tree';
 export class RedBlackTreeNode extends BSTNode {
@@ -24,21 +24,16 @@ export class RedBlackTreeNode extends BSTNode {
  */
 export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
     Sentinel = new RedBlackTreeNode(NaN);
-    options;
     /**
      * The constructor function initializes a Red-Black Tree with an optional set of options.
      * @param {RBTreeOptions} [options] - The `options` parameter is an optional object that can be
      * passed to the constructor. It is used to configure the RBTree object with specific options.
      */
-    constructor(options) {
-        super(options);
-        if (options) {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b, ...options };
-        }
-        else {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b };
-        }
+    constructor(elements, options) {
+        super([], options);
         this._root = this.Sentinel;
+        if (elements)
+            this.init(elements);
     }
     _root;
     get root() {
@@ -52,12 +47,11 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
         return new RedBlackTreeNode(key, value, color);
     }
     createTree(options) {
-        return new RedBlackTree({ ...this.options, ...options });
+        return new RedBlackTree([], {
+            iterationType: this.iterationType,
+            comparator: this.comparator, ...options
+        });
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
-     * Space Complexity: O(1)
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -203,13 +197,13 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
         // TODO
         return ans;
     }
-    isRealNode(node) {
-        return node !== this.Sentinel && node !== undefined;
-    }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      */
+    isRealNode(node) {
+        return node !== this.Sentinel && node !== undefined;
+    }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -231,7 +225,7 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
      * `getNodes` method, which is called within the `getNode` method.
      * @returns a value of type `N`, `null`, or `undefined`.
      */
-    getNode(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    getNode(identifier, callback = this._defaultOneParamCallback, beginRoot = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         if (identifier instanceof BinaryTreeNode)
             callback = (node => node);
         beginRoot = this.ensureNotKey(beginRoot);
@@ -284,10 +278,27 @@ export class RedBlackTree extends BST {
         }
         return y;
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     */
     clear() {
         this._root = this.Sentinel;
         this._size = 0;
     }
+    init(elements) {
+        if (elements) {
+            for (const entryOrKey of elements) {
+                if (Array.isArray(entryOrKey)) {
+                    const [key, value] = entryOrKey;
+                    this.add(key, value);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.add(entryOrKey);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     _setRoot(v) {
         if (v) {
             v.parent = undefined;

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multimap.d.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  * @license MIT License
  */
 import type { BTNKey, TreeMultimapNodeNested, TreeMultimapOptions } from '../../types';
-import { BiTreeDeleteResult, BTNCallback, IterationType, TreeMultimapNested } from '../../types';
+import { BiTreeDeleteResult, BTNCallback, IterableEntriesOrKeys, IterationType, TreeMultimapNested } from '../../types';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 import { AVLTree, AVLTreeNode } from './avl-tree';
 export declare class TreeMultimapNode<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = TreeMultimapNodeNested<V>> extends AVLTreeNode<V, N> {
@@ -27,14 +27,13 @@ export declare class TreeMultimapNode<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N>
  * The only distinction between a TreeMultimap and a AVLTree lies in the ability of the former to store duplicate nodes through the utilization of counters.
  */
 export declare class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = TreeMultimapNode<V, TreeMultimapNodeNested<V>>, TREE extends TreeMultimap<V, N, TREE> = TreeMultimap<V, N, TreeMultimapNested<V, N>>> extends AVLTree<V, N, TREE> implements IBinaryTree<V, N, TREE> {
-    options: TreeMultimapOptions;
     /**
      * The constructor function for a TreeMultimap class in TypeScript, which extends another class and sets an option to
      * merge duplicated values.
      * @param {TreeMultimapOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options for the
      * TreeMultimap.
      */
-    constructor(options?: TreeMultimapOptions);
+    constructor(elements?: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>, options?: Partial<TreeMultimapOptions>);
     private _count;
     get count(): number;
     /**
@@ -48,10 +47,6 @@ export declare class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = Tr
      */
     createNode(key: BTNKey, value?: V, count?: number): N;
     createTree(options?: TreeMultimapOptions): TREE;
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
@@ -68,8 +63,8 @@ export declare class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = Tr
      */
     add(keyOrNode: BTNKey | N | null | undefined, value?: V, count?: number): N | undefined;
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted. This is because the method iterates through the keys and calls the add method for each.
@@ -86,8 +81,8 @@ export declare class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = Tr
      */
     addMany(keysOrNodes: (BTNKey | N | undefined)[], data?: V[]): (N | undefined)[];
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted. This is because the method iterates through the keys and calls the add method for each.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
+     * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because the method calls the add method for each node.
@@ -100,10 +95,10 @@ export declare class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = Tr
      * values:
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
-    perfectlyBalance(iterationType?: IterationType | undefined): boolean;
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType?: IterationType): boolean;
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because the method calls the add method for each node.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - linear space, as it creates an array to store the sorted nodes.
+     * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted. This is because the method iterates through the keys and calls the add method for each.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The delete method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
@@ -126,13 +121,18 @@ export declare class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = Tr
      */
     delete<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(identifier: ReturnType<C>, callback?: C, ignoreCount?: boolean): BiTreeDeleteResult<N>[];
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The delete method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
+     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because the method calls the add method for each node.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - linear space, as it creates an array to store the sorted nodes.
      */
     /**
      * The clear() function clears the contents of a data structure and sets the count to zero.
      */
     clear(): void;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The delete method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
+     */
+    init(elements: IterableEntriesOrKeys<V>): void;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multimap.js

@@ -21,21 +21,16 @@ export class TreeMultimapNode extends AVLTreeNode {
  * The only distinction between a TreeMultimap and a AVLTree lies in the ability of the former to store duplicate nodes through the utilization of counters.
  */
 export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
-    options;
     /**
      * The constructor function for a TreeMultimap class in TypeScript, which extends another class and sets an option to
      * merge duplicated values.
      * @param {TreeMultimapOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options for the
      * TreeMultimap.
      */
-    constructor(options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE }) {
-        super(options);
-        if (options) {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b, ...options };
-        }
-        else {
-            this.options = { iterationType: IterationType.ITERATIVE, comparator: (a, b) => a - b };
-        }
+    constructor(elements, options) {
+        super([], options);
+        if (elements)
+            this.init(elements);
     }
     _count = 0;
     get count() {
@@ -54,12 +49,11 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
         return new TreeMultimapNode(key, value, count);
     }
     createTree(options) {
-        return new TreeMultimap({ ...this.options, ...options });
+        return new TreeMultimap([], {
+            iterationType: this.iterationType,
+            comparator: this.comparator, ...options
+        });
     }
-    /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
-     */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
@@ -154,8 +148,8 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
         return inserted;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted. This is because the method iterates through the keys and calls the add method for each.
@@ -187,8 +181,8 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
         return inserted;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted. This is because the method iterates through the keys and calls the add method for each.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
+     * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because the method calls the add method for each node.
@@ -201,7 +195,7 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
      * values:
      * @returns a boolean value.
      */
-    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.options.iterationType) {
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.iterationType) {
         const sorted = this.dfs(node => node, 'in'), n = sorted.length;
         if (sorted.length < 1)
             return false;
@@ -238,8 +232,8 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
         }
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because the method calls the add method for each node.
-     * Space Complexity: O(n) - linear space, as it creates an array to store the sorted nodes.
+     * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted. This is because the method iterates through the keys and calls the add method for each.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
      */
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The delete method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
@@ -318,8 +312,8 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
         return deletedResult;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The delete method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
-     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
+     * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - logarithmic time for each insertion, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. This is because the method calls the add method for each node.
+     * Space Complexity: O(n) - linear space, as it creates an array to store the sorted nodes.
      */
     /**
      * The clear() function clears the contents of a data structure and sets the count to zero.
@@ -328,6 +322,23 @@ export class TreeMultimap extends AVLTree {
         super.clear();
         this._count = 0;
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The delete method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
+     * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
+     */
+    init(elements) {
+        if (elements) {
+            for (const entryOrKey of elements) {
+                if (Array.isArray(entryOrKey)) {
+                    const [key, value] = entryOrKey;
+                    this.add(key, value);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.add(entryOrKey);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
      * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.js

@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ export class AbstractGraph {
             if (vertexOrKey instanceof AbstractVertex)
                 distMap.set(vertexOrKey, Infinity);
         }
-        const heap = new PriorityQueue({ comparator: (a, b) => a.key - b.key });
+        const heap = new PriorityQueue([], { comparator: (a, b) => a.key - b.key });
         heap.add({ key: 0, value: srcVertex });
         distMap.set(srcVertex, 0);
         preMap.set(srcVertex, null);

package/dist/mjs/data-structures/hash/hash-map.d.ts

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ export declare class HashMap<K = any, V = any> {
      * @returns a new HashMap object that contains the key-value pairs from the original HashMap that
      * satisfy the given predicate function.
      */
-    filter(predicate: (element: [K, V], map: HashMap<K, V>) => boolean): HashMap<K, V>;
+    filter(predicate: (element: [K, V], index: number, map: HashMap<K, V>) => boolean): HashMap<K, V>;
     /**
      * The `map` function takes a callback function and returns a new HashMap with the values transformed
      * by the callback.
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ export declare class HashMap<K = any, V = any> {
      * `map`.
      * @returns a new HashMap object with the values mapped according to the provided callback function.
      */
-    map<NV>(callback: (element: [K, V], map: HashMap<K, V>) => NV): HashMap<K, NV>;
+    map<NV>(callback: (element: [K, V], index: number, map: HashMap<K, V>) => NV): HashMap<K, NV>;
     /**
      * The `reduce` function iterates over the elements of a HashMap and applies a callback function to
      * each element, accumulating a single value.
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ export declare class HashMap<K = any, V = any> {
      * @returns The `reduce` function is returning the final value of the accumulator after iterating
      * over all the elements in the HashMap and applying the callback function to each element.
      */
-    reduce<A>(callback: (accumulator: A, element: [K, V], map: HashMap<K, V>) => A, initialValue: A): A;
+    reduce<A>(callback: (accumulator: A, element: [K, V], index: number, map: HashMap<K, V>) => A, initialValue: A): A;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the number of elements in the HashMap.
      * Space Complexity: O(1)