cyberchef 10.22.0 → 10.23.0

package/src/core/lib/RC6.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,625 @@
+/**
+ * Complete implementation of RC6 block cipher encryption/decryption with
+ * configurable word size (w), rounds (r), and key length (b).
+ *
+ * RC6 was an AES finalist designed by Ron Rivest, Matt Robshaw, Ray Sidney, and Yiqun Lisa Yin.
+ * Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC6
+ * Test Vectors: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-krovetz-rc6-rc5-vectors-00
+ *
+ * The P and Q constants are derived from mathematical constants e (Euler's number) and
+ * φ (golden ratio) as specified in the IETF draft. Master 256-bit values are scaled to
+ * any word size.
+ *
+ * @author Medjedtxm
+ * @copyright Crown Copyright 2026
+ * @license Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import OperationError from "../errors/OperationError.mjs";
+
+/**
+ * Master P constant (256-bit) from IETF draft-krovetz-rc6-rc5-vectors-00
+ * Derived from Odd((e-2) * 2^256) where e = 2.71828...
+ */
+const P_256 = 0xb7e151628aed2a6abf7158809cf4f3c762e7160f38b4da56a784d9045190cfefn;
+
+/**
+ * Master Q constant (256-bit) from IETF draft-krovetz-rc6-rc5-vectors-00
+ * Derived from Odd((φ-1) * 2^256) where φ = 1.61803... (golden ratio)
+ */
+const Q_256 = 0x9e3779b97f4a7c15f39cc0605cedc8341082276bf3a27251f86c6a11d0c18e95n;
+
+/**
+ * Get P constant for given word size by scaling the 256-bit master constant
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {bigint} - P constant for word size w
+ */
+function getP(w) {
+    return (P_256 >> BigInt(256 - w)) | 1n; // Ensure odd
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get Q constant for given word size by scaling the 256-bit master constant
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {bigint} - Q constant for word size w
+ */
+function getQ(w) {
+    return (Q_256 >> BigInt(256 - w)) | 1n; // Ensure odd
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get block size in bytes for given word size
+ * Block size = 4 words = 4 * (w/8) bytes
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {number} - Block size in bytes
+ */
+export function getBlockSize(w) {
+    return 4 * (w / 8);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get recommended number of rounds for given word size
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {number} - Recommended rounds
+ */
+export function getDefaultRounds(w) {
+    if (w <= 16) return 16;
+    if (w <= 32) return 20;
+    if (w <= 64) return 24;
+    return 28;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create mask for w-bit word
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {bigint} - Mask with w bits set
+ */
+function wordMask(w) {
+    return (1n << BigInt(w)) - 1n;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Rotate left for arbitrary word size using BigInt
+ * Uses lower lg(w) bits of n for rotation amount (RC6 spec)
+ * @param {bigint} x - Value to rotate
+ * @param {bigint} n - Rotation amount
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @param {bigint} lgMask - Mask for lower lg(w) bits
+ * @returns {bigint} - Rotated value
+ */
+function ROL(x, n, w, lgMask) {
+    const mask = wordMask(w);
+    // Mask to lg(w) bits, then mod w for non-power-of-2 word sizes
+    // For power-of-2, (n & lgMask) < w always, so mod w is no-op
+    const shift = (n & lgMask) % BigInt(w);
+    return ((x << shift) | (x >> (BigInt(w) - shift))) & mask;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Rotate right for arbitrary word size using BigInt
+ * Uses lower lg(w) bits of n for rotation amount (RC6 spec)
+ * @param {bigint} x - Value to rotate
+ * @param {bigint} n - Rotation amount
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @param {bigint} lgMask - Mask for lower lg(w) bits
+ * @returns {bigint} - Rotated value
+ */
+function ROR(x, n, w, lgMask) {
+    const mask = wordMask(w);
+    // Mask to lg(w) bits, then mod w for non-power-of-2 word sizes
+    // For power-of-2, (n & lgMask) < w always, so mod w is no-op
+    const shift = (n & lgMask) % BigInt(w);
+    return ((x >> shift) | (x << (BigInt(w) - shift))) & mask;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert byte array to word array (little-endian) using BigInt
+ * @param {number[]} bytes - Input byte array
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {bigint[]} - Array of w-bit words as BigInt
+ */
+function bytesToWords(bytes, w) {
+    const bytesPerWord = w / 8;
+    const words = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += bytesPerWord) {
+        let word = 0n;
+        for (let j = 0; j < bytesPerWord && (i + j) < bytes.length; j++) {
+            word |= BigInt(bytes[i + j] || 0) << BigInt(j * 8);
+        }
+        words.push(word);
+    }
+    return words;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert word array to byte array (little-endian) using BigInt
+ * @param {bigint[]} words - Array of words
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {number[]} - Output byte array
+ */
+function wordsToBytes(words, w) {
+    const bytesPerWord = w / 8;
+    const bytes = [];
+    for (const word of words) {
+        for (let j = 0; j < bytesPerWord; j++) {
+            bytes.push(Number((word >> BigInt(j * 8)) & 0xFFn));
+        }
+    }
+    return bytes;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generate round subkeys from user key
+ *
+ * @param {number[]} key - User key as byte array
+ * @param {number} rounds - Number of rounds
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {bigint[]} - Array of 2r+4 subkeys as BigInt
+ */
+function generateSubkeys(key, rounds, w) {
+    const bytesPerWord = w / 8;
+    const b = key.length;
+    const c = Math.max(Math.ceil(b / bytesPerWord), 1);
+
+    // Convert key bytes to words, pad with zeros if needed
+    const paddedKey = [...key];
+    while (paddedKey.length < c * bytesPerWord) {
+        paddedKey.push(0);
+    }
+    const L = bytesToWords(paddedKey, w);
+
+    // Number of subkeys: 2*r + 4
+    const t = 2 * rounds + 4;
+
+    // Get P and Q for this word size
+    const P = getP(w);
+    const Q = getQ(w);
+    const mask = wordMask(w);
+
+    // lg(w) mask for rotation amounts (floor of log2(w), per RC6 spec)
+    const lgw = Math.floor(Math.log2(w));
+    const lgMask = (1n << BigInt(lgw)) - 1n;
+
+    // Initialise S array with magic constants
+    const S = new Array(t);
+    S[0] = P;
+    for (let i = 1; i < t; i++) {
+        S[i] = (S[i - 1] + Q) & mask;
+    }
+
+    // Mix key into S
+    let A = 0n, B = 0n;
+    let i = 0, j = 0;
+    const v = 3 * Math.max(c, t);
+
+    for (let s = 0; s < v; s++) {
+        A = S[i] = ROL((S[i] + A + B) & mask, 3n, w, lgMask);
+        B = L[j] = ROL((L[j] + A + B) & mask, A + B, w, lgMask);
+        i = (i + 1) % t;
+        j = (j + 1) % c;
+    }
+
+    return S;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encrypt a single block using RC6
+ *
+ * @param {number[]} block - Plaintext block (4*w/8 bytes)
+ * @param {bigint[]} S - Subkeys array
+ * @param {number} rounds - Number of rounds
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {number[]} - Ciphertext block
+ */
+function encryptBlock(block, S, rounds, w) {
+    const mask = wordMask(w);
+    const lgw = BigInt(Math.floor(Math.log2(w)));
+    const lgMask = (1n << lgw) - 1n;
+
+    // Convert block to 4 words (A, B, C, D)
+    let [A, B, C, D] = bytesToWords(block, w);
+
+    // Pre-whitening
+    B = (B + S[0]) & mask;
+    D = (D + S[1]) & mask;
+
+    // Main rounds
+    for (let i = 1; i <= rounds; i++) {
+        // t = ROL(B * (2B + 1), lg(w))
+        const t = ROL((B * ((2n * B + 1n) & mask)) & mask, lgw, w, lgMask);
+
+        // u = ROL(D * (2D + 1), lg(w))
+        const u = ROL((D * ((2n * D + 1n) & mask)) & mask, lgw, w, lgMask);
+
+        // A = ROL(A ^ t, u) + S[2i]
+        A = (ROL(A ^ t, u, w, lgMask) + S[2 * i]) & mask;
+
+        // C = ROL(C ^ u, t) + S[2i + 1]
+        C = (ROL(C ^ u, t, w, lgMask) + S[2 * i + 1]) & mask;
+
+        // Rotate registers: (A, B, C, D) = (B, C, D, A)
+        const temp = A;
+        A = B;
+        B = C;
+        C = D;
+        D = temp;
+    }
+
+    // Post-whitening
+    A = (A + S[2 * rounds + 2]) & mask;
+    C = (C + S[2 * rounds + 3]) & mask;
+
+    // Convert words back to bytes
+    return wordsToBytes([A, B, C, D], w);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decrypt a single block using RC6
+ *
+ * @param {number[]} block - Ciphertext block (4*w/8 bytes)
+ * @param {bigint[]} S - Subkeys array
+ * @param {number} rounds - Number of rounds
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits
+ * @returns {number[]} - Plaintext block
+ */
+function decryptBlock(block, S, rounds, w) {
+    const mask = wordMask(w);
+    const lgw = BigInt(Math.floor(Math.log2(w)));
+    const lgMask = (1n << lgw) - 1n;
+
+    // Convert block to 4 words (A, B, C, D)
+    let [A, B, C, D] = bytesToWords(block, w);
+
+    // Reverse post-whitening
+    C = (C - S[2 * rounds + 3] + (1n << BigInt(w))) & mask;
+    A = (A - S[2 * rounds + 2] + (1n << BigInt(w))) & mask;
+
+    // Main rounds in reverse
+    for (let i = rounds; i >= 1; i--) {
+        // Reverse rotate registers: (A, B, C, D) = (D, A, B, C)
+        const temp = D;
+        D = C;
+        C = B;
+        B = A;
+        A = temp;
+
+        // u = ROL(D * (2D + 1), lg(w))
+        const u = ROL((D * ((2n * D + 1n) & mask)) & mask, lgw, w, lgMask);
+
+        // t = ROL(B * (2B + 1), lg(w))
+        const t = ROL((B * ((2n * B + 1n) & mask)) & mask, lgw, w, lgMask);
+
+        // C = ROR(C - S[2i + 1], t) ^ u
+        C = ROR((C - S[2 * i + 1] + (1n << BigInt(w))) & mask, t, w, lgMask) ^ u;
+
+        // A = ROR(A - S[2i], u) ^ t
+        A = ROR((A - S[2 * i] + (1n << BigInt(w))) & mask, u, w, lgMask) ^ t;
+    }
+
+    // Reverse pre-whitening
+    D = (D - S[1] + (1n << BigInt(w))) & mask;
+    B = (B - S[0] + (1n << BigInt(w))) & mask;
+
+    // Convert words back to bytes
+    return wordsToBytes([A, B, C, D], w);
+}
+
+/**
+ * XOR two blocks
+ * @param {number[]} a - First block
+ * @param {number[]} b - Second block
+ * @returns {number[]} - XOR result
+ */
+function xorBlocks(a, b) {
+    const result = new Array(a.length);
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+        result[i] = a[i] ^ b[i];
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Increment counter (little-endian)
+ * @param {number[]} counter - Counter block
+ * @returns {number[]} - Incremented counter
+ */
+function incrementCounter(counter) {
+    const result = [...counter];
+    for (let i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+        result[i]++;
+        if (result[i] <= 255) break;
+        result[i] = 0;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply padding to message
+ * @param {number[]} message - Original message
+ * @param {string} padding - Padding type ("NO", "PKCS5", "ZERO", "RANDOM", "BIT")
+ * @param {number} blockSize - Block size in bytes
+ * @returns {number[]} - Padded message
+ */
+function applyPadding(message, padding, blockSize) {
+    const remainder = message.length % blockSize;
+    let nPadding = remainder === 0 ? 0 : blockSize - remainder;
+
+    // For PKCS5, always add at least one byte (full block if already aligned)
+    if (padding === "PKCS5" && remainder === 0) {
+        nPadding = blockSize;
+    }
+
+    if (nPadding === 0) return [...message];
+
+    const paddedMessage = [...message];
+
+    switch (padding) {
+        case "NO":
+            throw new OperationError(`No padding requested but input is not a ${blockSize}-byte multiple.`);
+
+        case "PKCS5":
+            for (let i = 0; i < nPadding; i++) {
+                paddedMessage.push(nPadding);
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "ZERO":
+            for (let i = 0; i < nPadding; i++) {
+                paddedMessage.push(0);
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "RANDOM":
+            for (let i = 0; i < nPadding; i++) {
+                paddedMessage.push(Math.floor(Math.random() * 256));
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "BIT":
+            paddedMessage.push(0x80);
+            for (let i = 1; i < nPadding; i++) {
+                paddedMessage.push(0);
+            }
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            throw new OperationError(`Unknown padding type: ${padding}`);
+    }
+
+    return paddedMessage;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove padding from message
+ * @param {number[]} message - Padded message
+ * @param {string} padding - Padding type ("NO", "PKCS5", "ZERO", "RANDOM", "BIT")
+ * @param {number} blockSize - Block size in bytes
+ * @returns {number[]} - Unpadded message
+ */
+function removePadding(message, padding, blockSize) {
+    if (message.length === 0) return message;
+
+    switch (padding) {
+        case "NO":
+        case "ZERO":
+        case "RANDOM":
+            // These padding types cannot be reliably removed
+            return message;
+
+        case "PKCS5": {
+            const padByte = message[message.length - 1];
+            if (padByte > 0 && padByte <= blockSize) {
+                // Verify padding
+                for (let i = 0; i < padByte; i++) {
+                    if (message[message.length - 1 - i] !== padByte) {
+                        throw new OperationError("Invalid PKCS#5 padding.");
+                    }
+                }
+                return message.slice(0, message.length - padByte);
+            }
+            throw new OperationError("Invalid PKCS#5 padding.");
+        }
+
+        case "BIT": {
+            // Find 0x80 byte working backwards, skipping zeros
+            for (let i = message.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+                if (message[i] === 0x80) {
+                    return message.slice(0, i);
+                } else if (message[i] !== 0) {
+                    throw new OperationError("Invalid BIT padding.");
+                }
+            }
+            throw new OperationError("Invalid BIT padding.");
+        }
+
+        default:
+            throw new OperationError(`Unknown padding type: ${padding}`);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encrypt using RC6 cipher with specified block mode
+ *
+ * @param {number[]} message - Plaintext as byte array
+ * @param {number[]} key - Key as byte array
+ * @param {number[]} iv - IV (block size bytes, not used for ECB)
+ * @param {string} mode - Block cipher mode ("ECB", "CBC", "CFB", "OFB", "CTR")
+ * @param {string} padding - Padding type ("NO", "PKCS5", "ZERO", "RANDOM", "BIT")
+ * @param {number} rounds - Number of rounds (default: 20)
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits (default: 32)
+ * @returns {number[]} - Ciphertext as byte array
+ */
+export function encryptRC6(message, key, iv, mode = "ECB", padding = "PKCS5", rounds = 20, w = 32) {
+    const blockSize = getBlockSize(w);
+    const messageLength = message.length;
+    if (messageLength === 0) return [];
+
+    const S = generateSubkeys(key, rounds, w);
+
+    // Apply padding for ECB/CBC modes
+    let paddedMessage;
+    if (mode === "ECB" || mode === "CBC") {
+        paddedMessage = applyPadding(message, padding, blockSize);
+    } else {
+        // Stream modes (CFB, OFB, CTR) don't need padding
+        paddedMessage = [...message];
+    }
+
+    const cipherText = [];
+
+    switch (mode) {
+        case "ECB":
+            for (let i = 0; i < paddedMessage.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const block = paddedMessage.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                cipherText.push(...encryptBlock(block, S, rounds, w));
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "CBC": {
+            let ivBlock = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < paddedMessage.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const block = paddedMessage.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                const xored = xorBlocks(block, ivBlock);
+                ivBlock = encryptBlock(xored, S, rounds, w);
+                cipherText.push(...ivBlock);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case "CFB": {
+            let ivBlock = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < paddedMessage.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const encrypted = encryptBlock(ivBlock, S, rounds, w);
+                const block = paddedMessage.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                // Pad block if shorter than blockSize
+                while (block.length < blockSize) block.push(0);
+                ivBlock = xorBlocks(encrypted, block);
+                cipherText.push(...ivBlock);
+            }
+            return cipherText.slice(0, messageLength);
+        }
+
+        case "OFB": {
+            let ivBlock = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < paddedMessage.length; i += blockSize) {
+                ivBlock = encryptBlock(ivBlock, S, rounds, w);
+                const block = paddedMessage.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                // Pad block if shorter than blockSize
+                while (block.length < blockSize) block.push(0);
+                cipherText.push(...xorBlocks(ivBlock, block));
+            }
+            return cipherText.slice(0, messageLength);
+        }
+
+        case "CTR": {
+            let counter = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < paddedMessage.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const encrypted = encryptBlock(counter, S, rounds, w);
+                const block = paddedMessage.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                // Pad block if shorter than blockSize
+                while (block.length < blockSize) block.push(0);
+                cipherText.push(...xorBlocks(encrypted, block));
+                counter = incrementCounter(counter);
+            }
+            return cipherText.slice(0, messageLength);
+        }
+
+        default:
+            throw new OperationError(`Invalid block cipher mode: ${mode}`);
+    }
+
+    return cipherText;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decrypt using RC6 cipher with specified block mode
+ *
+ * @param {number[]} cipherText - Ciphertext as byte array
+ * @param {number[]} key - Key as byte array
+ * @param {number[]} iv - IV (block size bytes, not used for ECB)
+ * @param {string} mode - Block cipher mode ("ECB", "CBC", "CFB", "OFB", "CTR")
+ * @param {string} padding - Padding type ("NO", "PKCS5", "ZERO", "RANDOM", "BIT")
+ * @param {number} rounds - Number of rounds (default: 20)
+ * @param {number} w - Word size in bits (default: 32)
+ * @returns {number[]} - Plaintext as byte array
+ */
+export function decryptRC6(cipherText, key, iv, mode = "ECB", padding = "PKCS5", rounds = 20, w = 32) {
+    const blockSize = getBlockSize(w);
+    const originalLength = cipherText.length;
+    if (originalLength === 0) return [];
+
+    const S = generateSubkeys(key, rounds, w);
+
+    if (mode === "ECB" || mode === "CBC") {
+        if ((originalLength % blockSize) !== 0)
+            throw new OperationError(`Invalid ciphertext length: ${originalLength} bytes. Must be a multiple of ${blockSize}.`);
+    } else {
+        // Pad for stream modes
+        while ((cipherText.length % blockSize) !== 0)
+            cipherText.push(0);
+    }
+
+    const plainText = [];
+
+    switch (mode) {
+        case "ECB":
+            for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const block = cipherText.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                plainText.push(...decryptBlock(block, S, rounds, w));
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case "CBC": {
+            let ivBlock = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const block = cipherText.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                const decrypted = decryptBlock(block, S, rounds, w);
+                plainText.push(...xorBlocks(decrypted, ivBlock));
+                ivBlock = block;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case "CFB": {
+            let ivBlock = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const encrypted = encryptBlock(ivBlock, S, rounds, w);
+                const block = cipherText.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                plainText.push(...xorBlocks(encrypted, block));
+                ivBlock = block;
+            }
+            return plainText.slice(0, originalLength);
+        }
+
+        case "OFB": {
+            let ivBlock = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.length; i += blockSize) {
+                ivBlock = encryptBlock(ivBlock, S, rounds, w);
+                const block = cipherText.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                plainText.push(...xorBlocks(ivBlock, block));
+            }
+            return plainText.slice(0, originalLength);
+        }
+
+        case "CTR": {
+            let counter = [...iv];
+            for (let i = 0; i < cipherText.length; i += blockSize) {
+                const encrypted = encryptBlock(counter, S, rounds, w);
+                const block = cipherText.slice(i, i + blockSize);
+                plainText.push(...xorBlocks(encrypted, block));
+                counter = incrementCounter(counter);
+            }
+            return plainText.slice(0, originalLength);
+        }
+
+        default:
+            throw new OperationError(`Invalid block cipher mode: ${mode}`);
+    }
+
+    // Remove padding for ECB/CBC modes
+    if (mode === "ECB" || mode === "CBC") {
+        return removePadding(plainText, padding, blockSize);
+    }
+
+    return plainText.slice(0, originalLength);
+}

package/src/core/operations/A1Z26CipherDecode.mjs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class A1Z26CipherDecode extends Operation {
         const delim = Utils.charRep(args[0] || "Space");
 
         if (input.length === 0) {
-            return [];
+            return "";
         }
 
         const bites = input.split(delim);