ctxman 3.1.0 → 3.2.7

package/lib/who/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,893 @@
+/**
+ * Expert Finder (`ctxman who <target-or-topic>`)
+ *
+ * Answers "Who knows about this?" by combining:
+ *  1. Surviving line ownership (`git blame -w`, honoring `.git-blame-ignore-revs`)
+ *  2. Historical commit & line-churn depth with exponential recency decay
+ *  3. Declared stewardship from `CODEOWNERS` (`.github/CODEOWNERS`, `CODEOWNERS`, `docs/CODEOWNERS`)
+ *  4. Automatic BM25 topic-to-file resolution when `<target>` is a concept/query rather than a path
+ *  5. Multi-repository workspace aggregation (`--repo <dir>` / `repos`) across `<alias>/<path>`
+ */
+
+import fs from 'node:fs';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { findRepositoryRoot, tryGit, utcDate } from '../why/git.js';
+import { collectOwnership } from '../why/ownership.js';
+import { parseTargetSpec, resolveSymbol } from '../why/target.js';
+import { searchProject } from '../search/bm25.js';
+import { resolveWorkspaceRepos, searchWorkspace } from '../workspace/index.js';
+
+export const DEFAULT_WHO_LIMIT = 5;
+export const DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW = 200;
+export const DEFAULT_HALF_LIFE_DAYS = 90;
+const DAY_SECONDS = 86400;
+
+export class WhoError extends Error {
+  constructor(message) {
+    super(message);
+    this.name = 'WhoError';
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert a CODEOWNERS pattern into a RegExp matching repo-relative forward-slash paths.
+ */
+function codeownersPatternToRegex(pattern) {
+  let clean = pattern.trim();
+  const anchored = clean.startsWith('/');
+  if (anchored) clean = clean.slice(1);
+  const dirOnly = clean.endsWith('/');
+  if (dirOnly) clean = clean.slice(0, -1);
+
+  const escaped = clean
+    .replace(/[.+^${}()|[\]\\]/g, '\\$&')
+    .replace(/\*\*/g, '\u0000')
+    .replace(/\*/g, '[^/]*')
+    .replace(/\?/g, '[^/]')
+    .replace(/\u0000/g, '.*');
+
+  if (dirOnly) {
+    return anchored ? new RegExp(`^${escaped}(?:/.*)?$`) : new RegExp(`(?:^|/)${escaped}(?:/.*)?$`);
+  }
+  const hasSlash = clean.includes('/');
+  if (anchored || hasSlash) {
+    return new RegExp(`^${escaped}(?:/.*)?$`);
+  }
+  return new RegExp(`(?:^|/)${escaped}(?:/.*)?$`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse CODEOWNERS file if present in standard locations.
+ */
+export function loadCodeowners(repoRoot) {
+  const candidates = ['.github/CODEOWNERS', 'CODEOWNERS', 'docs/CODEOWNERS', '.gitlab/CODEOWNERS'];
+  for (const rel of candidates) {
+    const full = path.join(repoRoot, rel);
+    if (!fs.existsSync(full) || !fs.statSync(full).isFile()) continue;
+    const content = fs.readFileSync(full, 'utf8');
+    const rules = [];
+    for (const rawLine of content.split(/\r?\n/)) {
+      const line = rawLine.replace(/#.*$/, '').trim();
+      if (!line) continue;
+      const parts = line.split(/\s+/);
+      if (parts.length < 2) continue;
+      const [pattern, ...owners] = parts;
+      rules.push({
+        pattern,
+        regex: codeownersPatternToRegex(pattern),
+        owners,
+      });
+    }
+    return { file: rel, rules };
+  }
+  return { file: null, rules: [] };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve CODEOWNERS for a list of repo-relative forward-slash file paths (last matching rule wins).
+ */
+export function matchCodeowners(codeowners, relFiles) {
+  if (!codeowners.rules.length) return [];
+  const owners = new Set();
+  for (const file of relFiles) {
+    let matched = null;
+    for (const rule of codeowners.rules) {
+      if (rule.regex.test(file)) matched = rule.owners;
+    }
+    if (matched) {
+      for (const o of matched) owners.add(o);
+    }
+  }
+  return [...owners];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve user target (file, file:symbol, file#L1-L10, directory, or natural-language topic) into repo-relative files.
+ */
+function resolveTargetFiles(repoRoot, cwd, rawTarget, maxFiles = 8) {
+  const trimmed = String(rawTarget ?? '').trim();
+  if (!trimmed) {
+    throw new WhoError('A file, directory, symbol target, or topic query is required.');
+  }
+
+  const realRepoRoot = fs.existsSync(repoRoot) ? fs.realpathSync(repoRoot) : repoRoot;
+  const realCwd = fs.existsSync(cwd) ? fs.realpathSync(cwd) : cwd;
+
+  // 1. Check if rawTarget is an existing directory or file directly
+  const rawCandidate = path.resolve(realCwd, trimmed);
+  const directCandidate = fs.existsSync(rawCandidate)
+    ? fs.realpathSync(rawCandidate)
+    : rawCandidate;
+  if (
+    (directCandidate === realRepoRoot || directCandidate.startsWith(realRepoRoot + path.sep)) &&
+    fs.existsSync(directCandidate)
+  ) {
+    const stat = fs.statSync(directCandidate);
+    const rel = path.relative(realRepoRoot, directCandidate).split(path.sep).join('/');
+    if (stat.isFile()) {
+      return {
+        mode: 'file',
+        label: rel,
+        files: [rel],
+        lineRange: null,
+      };
+    }
+    if (stat.isDirectory()) {
+      const tracked = tryGit(realRepoRoot, ['ls-files', '--', ...(rel ? [rel] : [])]);
+      const list = (tracked ?? '')
+        .split(/\r?\n/)
+        .map((s) => s.trim())
+        .filter(Boolean);
+      return {
+        mode: 'directory',
+        label: rel || '.',
+        files: list.slice(0, Math.max(maxFiles, 25)),
+        blameFiles: list.slice(0, maxFiles),
+        lineRange: null,
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 2. Try `ctxman why` target syntax (`file:symbol` or `file#L10-L40`)
+  try {
+    const existsInCwd = (f) => {
+      const p = path.resolve(realCwd, f);
+      return fs.existsSync(p) && fs.statSync(p).isFile();
+    };
+    const spec = parseTargetSpec(trimmed, existsInCwd);
+    const specFull = path.resolve(realCwd, spec.file);
+    if (
+      fs.existsSync(specFull) &&
+      fs.statSync(specFull).isFile() &&
+      fs.realpathSync(specFull).startsWith(realRepoRoot + path.sep)
+    ) {
+      const rel = path.relative(realRepoRoot, fs.realpathSync(specFull)).split(path.sep).join('/');
+      let lineRange =
+        spec.startLine && spec.endLine
+          ? { startLine: spec.startLine, endLine: spec.endLine }
+          : null;
+      if (spec.symbol) {
+        const content = fs.readFileSync(specFull, 'utf8');
+        const sym = resolveSymbol(content, rel, spec.symbol);
+        if (sym && sym.startLine && sym.endLine) {
+          lineRange = { startLine: sym.startLine, endLine: sym.endLine };
+        }
+      }
+      return {
+        mode: spec.symbol ? 'symbol' : lineRange ? 'lines' : 'file',
+        label: spec.symbol
+          ? `${rel}:${spec.symbol}`
+          : lineRange
+            ? `${rel}#L${lineRange.startLine}-L${lineRange.endLine}`
+            : rel,
+        files: [rel],
+        lineRange,
+      };
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // Fall through to topic search when target is a natural-language topic rather than a path
+  }
+
+  // 3. Natural-language topic resolution via BM25 code search
+  const searchResult = searchProject(realRepoRoot, trimmed, {
+    limit: maxFiles * 2,
+    maxTokens: 4000,
+  });
+  const seen = new Set();
+  const topicFiles = [];
+  for (const hit of searchResult.results ?? []) {
+    const rel = String(hit.file ?? '')
+      .split(path.sep)
+      .join('/');
+    if (rel && !seen.has(rel)) {
+      seen.add(rel);
+      topicFiles.push(rel);
+      if (topicFiles.length >= maxFiles) break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (topicFiles.length === 0) {
+    throw new WhoError(`No matching files or symbols found for "${trimmed}".`);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    mode: 'topic',
+    label: trimmed,
+    files: topicFiles,
+    lineRange: null,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve user target across a multi-repository workspace (`<alias>/<path>`, file:symbol, directory, or topic).
+ */
+function resolveWorkspaceTargetFiles(reposWithGit, cwd, rawTarget, maxFiles = 8) {
+  const trimmed = String(rawTarget ?? '').trim();
+  if (!trimmed) {
+    throw new WhoError('A file, directory, symbol target, or topic query is required.');
+  }
+
+  const posixTarget = trimmed.replace(/\\/g, '/').replace(/^\/+/, '');
+  const repoByAlias = new Map(reposWithGit.map((r) => [r.alias, r]));
+
+  // Helper to resolve a file or directory inside a specific repo
+  const tryDirectInRepo = (repo, candidateRel) => {
+    const full = path.resolve(repo.gitRoot, candidateRel);
+    const realFull = fs.existsSync(full) ? fs.realpathSync(full) : full;
+    if (
+      (realFull === repo.gitRoot || realFull.startsWith(repo.gitRoot + path.sep)) &&
+      fs.existsSync(realFull)
+    ) {
+      const stat = fs.statSync(realFull);
+      const rel = path.relative(repo.gitRoot, realFull).split(path.sep).join('/');
+      if (stat.isFile()) {
+        return {
+          mode: 'file',
+          label: `${repo.alias}/${rel}`,
+          entries: [{ repo, rel, prefixed: `${repo.alias}/${rel}` }],
+          lineRange: null,
+        };
+      }
+      if (stat.isDirectory()) {
+        const tracked = tryGit(repo.gitRoot, ['ls-files', '--', ...(rel ? [rel] : [])]);
+        const list = (tracked ?? '')
+          .split(/\r?\n/)
+          .map((s) => s.trim())
+          .filter(Boolean);
+        const allEntries = list
+          .slice(0, Math.max(maxFiles, 25))
+          .map((f) => ({ repo, rel: f, prefixed: `${repo.alias}/${f}` }));
+        return {
+          mode: 'directory',
+          label: rel ? `${repo.alias}/${rel}` : repo.alias,
+          entries: allEntries,
+          blameEntries: allEntries.slice(0, maxFiles),
+          lineRange: null,
+        };
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  };
+
+  // 1a. Check `<alias>` or `<alias>/<subpath>`
+  if (repoByAlias.has(posixTarget)) {
+    const matched = tryDirectInRepo(repoByAlias.get(posixTarget), '.');
+    if (matched && matched.entries.length > 0) return matched;
+  }
+  const slashIdx = posixTarget.indexOf('/');
+  if (slashIdx > 0) {
+    const prefixAlias = posixTarget.slice(0, slashIdx);
+    const rest = posixTarget.slice(slashIdx + 1);
+    const targetRepo = repoByAlias.get(prefixAlias);
+    if (targetRepo && rest) {
+      const direct = tryDirectInRepo(targetRepo, rest);
+      if (direct && direct.entries.length > 0) return direct;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 1b. Check direct path relative to cwd or across any workspace repo
+  const matchedDirectEntries = [];
+  let matchedDirectMode = null;
+  for (const repo of reposWithGit) {
+    const direct = tryDirectInRepo(repo, trimmed);
+    if (direct && direct.entries.length > 0) {
+      matchedDirectMode ??= direct.mode;
+      matchedDirectEntries.push(...direct.entries);
+    }
+  }
+  if (matchedDirectEntries.length > 0) {
+    return {
+      mode: matchedDirectMode,
+      label: matchedDirectEntries.length === 1 ? matchedDirectEntries[0].prefixed : trimmed,
+      entries: matchedDirectEntries.slice(0, Math.max(maxFiles, 25)),
+      blameEntries: matchedDirectEntries.slice(0, maxFiles),
+      lineRange: null,
+    };
+  }
+
+  // 2. Try `file:symbol` or `file#L10-L40` (with or without `<alias>/` prefix)
+  const specCandidates = [];
+  if (slashIdx > 0 && repoByAlias.has(posixTarget.slice(0, slashIdx))) {
+    specCandidates.push({
+      repo: repoByAlias.get(posixTarget.slice(0, slashIdx)),
+      rawSpec: posixTarget.slice(slashIdx + 1),
+    });
+  }
+  for (const repo of reposWithGit) {
+    specCandidates.push({ repo, rawSpec: trimmed });
+  }
+
+  for (const { repo, rawSpec } of specCandidates) {
+    try {
+      const existsInRepo = (f) => {
+        const p = path.resolve(repo.gitRoot, f);
+        return fs.existsSync(p) && fs.statSync(p).isFile();
+      };
+      const spec = parseTargetSpec(rawSpec, existsInRepo);
+      const specFull = path.resolve(repo.gitRoot, spec.file);
+      if (
+        fs.existsSync(specFull) &&
+        fs.statSync(specFull).isFile() &&
+        fs.realpathSync(specFull).startsWith(repo.gitRoot + path.sep)
+      ) {
+        const rel = path
+          .relative(repo.gitRoot, fs.realpathSync(specFull))
+          .split(path.sep)
+          .join('/');
+        const prefixed = `${repo.alias}/${rel}`;
+        let lineRange =
+          spec.startLine && spec.endLine
+            ? { startLine: spec.startLine, endLine: spec.endLine }
+            : null;
+        if (spec.symbol) {
+          const content = fs.readFileSync(specFull, 'utf8');
+          const sym = resolveSymbol(content, rel, spec.symbol);
+          if (sym && sym.startLine && sym.endLine) {
+            lineRange = { startLine: sym.startLine, endLine: sym.endLine };
+          }
+        }
+        return {
+          mode: spec.symbol ? 'symbol' : lineRange ? 'lines' : 'file',
+          label: spec.symbol
+            ? `${prefixed}:${spec.symbol}`
+            : lineRange
+              ? `${prefixed}#L${lineRange.startLine}-L${lineRange.endLine}`
+              : prefixed,
+          entries: [{ repo, rel, prefixed }],
+          lineRange,
+        };
+      }
+    } catch {
+      // Continue trying next repo or fall through to workspace topic search
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 3. Natural-language topic resolution via multi-repo BM25 search (`searchWorkspace`)
+  const searchResult = searchWorkspace(reposWithGit, trimmed, {
+    limit: maxFiles * 2,
+    maxTokens: 4000,
+  });
+  const seen = new Set();
+  const topicEntries = [];
+  for (const hit of searchResult.results ?? []) {
+    const prefixed = String(hit.file ?? '')
+      .split(path.sep)
+      .join('/');
+    if (!prefixed || seen.has(prefixed)) continue;
+    const hitRepo =
+      repoByAlias.get(hit.repo) ?? reposWithGit.find((r) => prefixed.startsWith(`${r.alias}/`));
+    if (!hitRepo) continue;
+    const rel = prefixed.startsWith(`${hitRepo.alias}/`)
+      ? prefixed.slice(hitRepo.alias.length + 1)
+      : prefixed;
+    seen.add(prefixed);
+    topicEntries.push({ repo: hitRepo, rel, prefixed });
+    if (topicEntries.length >= maxFiles) break;
+  }
+
+  if (topicEntries.length === 0) {
+    throw new WhoError(`No matching files or symbols found for "${trimmed}".`);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    mode: 'topic',
+    label: trimmed,
+    entries: topicEntries,
+    lineRange: null,
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Collect git commit & numstat history across target files.
+ */
+function collectCommitSignals(repoRoot, files, { commitWindow, since, nowSec, halfLifeDays }) {
+  if (!files.length) return new Map();
+  const args = [
+    'log',
+    '--no-merges',
+    '-n',
+    String(commitWindow),
+    '--numstat',
+    '--format=COMMIT\t%H\t%an\t%ae\t%at\t%s',
+  ];
+  if (since) args.push(`--since=${since}`);
+  args.push('--', ...files);
+
+  const out = tryGit(repoRoot, args);
+  if (!out) return new Map();
+
+  const byAuthor = new Map();
+  let current = null;
+  const decayLambda = Math.LN2 / (Math.max(1, halfLifeDays) * DAY_SECONDS);
+
+  for (const line of out.split(/\r?\n/)) {
+    if (line.startsWith('COMMIT\t')) {
+      const [, sha, rawName, rawEmail, rawTs, subject] = line.split('\t');
+      const name = (rawName || '(unknown)').trim();
+      const email = (rawEmail || '').trim();
+      const ts = Number(rawTs) || 0;
+      const ageSec = Math.max(0, nowSec - ts);
+      const decay = ts > 0 ? Math.exp(-decayLambda * ageSec) : 0.1;
+
+      const entry = byAuthor.get(name) ?? {
+        name,
+        emails: new Set(),
+        commits: 0,
+        decayedCommits: 0,
+        additions: 0,
+        deletions: 0,
+        lastCommitTs: 0,
+        recentSubjects: [],
+        filesTouched: new Set(),
+      };
+      if (email) entry.emails.add(email);
+      entry.commits += 1;
+      entry.decayedCommits += decay;
+      if (ts > entry.lastCommitTs) entry.lastCommitTs = ts;
+      if (subject && entry.recentSubjects.length < 3) {
+        entry.recentSubjects.push({ sha: sha.slice(0, 7), date: utcDate(ts), subject });
+      }
+      byAuthor.set(name, entry);
+      current = entry;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (current && line.trim()) {
+      const parts = line.split('\t');
+      if (parts.length >= 3) {
+        const add = Number(parts[0]);
+        const del = Number(parts[1]);
+        const file = parts[2];
+        if (Number.isFinite(add)) current.additions += add;
+        if (Number.isFinite(del)) current.deletions += del;
+        if (file) current.filesTouched.add(file);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return byAuthor;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if an author's name or email matches any CODEOWNERS handle/email.
+ */
+function authorMatchesCodeowners(name, emails, codeOwners) {
+  if (!codeOwners.length) return [];
+  const lowerName = name.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '');
+  const emailList = [...emails].map((e) => e.toLowerCase());
+  const matched = [];
+  for (const owner of codeOwners) {
+    const clean = owner.toLowerCase().replace(/^@/, '');
+    const handle = clean.includes('/') ? clean.split('/').pop() : clean;
+    if (
+      emailList.includes(clean) ||
+      emailList.some((e) => e.split('@')[0] === handle) ||
+      lowerName === handle ||
+      lowerName.includes(handle)
+    ) {
+      matched.push(owner);
+    }
+  }
+  return matched;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Render Expert Finder result in markdown, xml, or json.
+ */
+export function renderExperts(data, style = 'markdown') {
+  if (style === 'json') {
+    return `${JSON.stringify(data, null, 2)}\n`;
+  }
+
+  if (style === 'xml') {
+    const lines = [
+      `<experts target="${escapeXml(data.target.label)}" mode="${data.target.mode}">`,
+      `  <files count="${data.target.files.length}">`,
+      ...data.target.files.map((f) => `    <file>${escapeXml(f)}</file>`),
+      `  </files>`,
+    ];
+    if (data.codeOwners.owners.length > 0) {
+      lines.push(
+        `  <codeowners source="${escapeXml(data.codeOwners.file ?? '')}">${data.codeOwners.owners.map(escapeXml).join(' ')}</codeowners>`
+      );
+    }
+    lines.push('  <ranked_experts>');
+    for (const exp of data.experts) {
+      lines.push(
+        `    <expert name="${escapeXml(exp.name)}" email="${escapeXml(exp.email ?? '')}" score="${exp.score}" blame_share="${exp.blameShare}" commits="${exp.commits}" last_active="${exp.lastActive ?? ''}" codeowner="${exp.isCodeOwner}">`
+      );
+      for (const c of exp.recentCommits) {
+        lines.push(
+          `      <commit sha="${c.sha}" date="${c.date ?? ''}">${escapeXml(c.subject)}</commit>`
+        );
+      }
+      lines.push('    </expert>');
+    }
+    lines.push('  </ranked_experts>', '</experts>\n');
+    return lines.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  const out = [];
+  out.push(`# Experts for \`${data.target.label}\` (${data.target.mode})`);
+  out.push('');
+  if (Array.isArray(data.repos) && data.repos.length > 0) {
+    out.push(
+      `**Repositories (${data.repos.length}):** ${data.repos.map((r) => `\`${r.alias}\``).join(', ')}`
+    );
+  }
+  out.push(
+    `**Analyzed files (${data.target.files.length}):** ${data.target.files
+      .slice(0, 8)
+      .map((f) => `\`${f}\``)
+      .join(', ')}${data.target.files.length > 8 ? ` (+${data.target.files.length - 8} more)` : ''}`
+  );
+  if (data.codeOwners.owners.length > 0) {
+    out.push(
+      `**Declared CODEOWNERS (${data.codeOwners.file}):** ${data.codeOwners.owners.map((o) => `\`${o}\``).join(', ')}`
+    );
+  }
+  out.push('');
+
+  if (data.experts.length === 0) {
+    out.push('_No git authorship history found for the selected target._');
+    return `${out.join('\n')}\n`;
+  }
+
+  out.push('| Rank | Expert | Score | Blame Share | Commits | Churn (+/-) | Last Active | Role |');
+  out.push('| ---: | :--- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | :--- | :--- |');
+  data.experts.forEach((exp, idx) => {
+    const badge = exp.isCodeOwner
+      ? 'CODEOWNER'
+      : exp.blameShare >= 0.4
+        ? 'Primary Author'
+        : exp.recencyShare >= 0.35
+          ? 'Active Maintainer'
+          : 'Contributor';
+    const label = exp.email ? `${exp.name} <${exp.email}>` : exp.name;
+    out.push(
+      `| ${idx + 1} | ${label} | ${(exp.score * 100).toFixed(1)}% | ${(exp.blameShare * 100).toFixed(1)}% | ${exp.commits} | +${exp.additions}/-${exp.deletions} | ${exp.lastActive ?? 'n/a'} | ${badge} |`
+    );
+  });
+
+  out.push('');
+  out.push('## Key Recent Context by Expert');
+  for (const exp of data.experts.slice(0, 3)) {
+    if (!exp.recentCommits.length) continue;
+    out.push(`- **${exp.name}**:`);
+    for (const c of exp.recentCommits) {
+      out.push(`  - \`${c.sha}\` (${c.date ?? 'unknown'}): ${c.subject}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return `${out.join('\n')}\n`;
+}
+
+function escapeXml(str) {
+  return String(str)
+    .replace(/&/g, '&amp;')
+    .replace(/</g, '&lt;')
+    .replace(/>/g, '&gt;')
+    .replace(/"/g, '&quot;');
+}
+
+function rankExpertSignals({ blameByAuthor, totalBlamedLines, commitSignals, matchedCodeOwners }) {
+  const allNames = new Set([...blameByAuthor.keys(), ...commitSignals.keys()]);
+  let totalDecayedCommits = 0;
+  let totalCommits = 0;
+  for (const entry of commitSignals.values()) {
+    totalDecayedCommits += entry.decayedCommits;
+    totalCommits += entry.commits;
+  }
+
+  const ranked = [];
+  for (const name of allNames) {
+    const blame = blameByAuthor.get(name) ?? { lines: 0, lastTouched: null };
+    const hist = commitSignals.get(name) ?? {
+      emails: new Set(),
+      commits: 0,
+      decayedCommits: 0,
+      additions: 0,
+      deletions: 0,
+      lastCommitTs: 0,
+      recentSubjects: [],
+      filesTouched: new Set(),
+    };
+
+    const blameShare = totalBlamedLines > 0 ? blame.lines / totalBlamedLines : 0;
+    const recencyShare = totalDecayedCommits > 0 ? hist.decayedCommits / totalDecayedCommits : 0;
+    const commitShare = totalCommits > 0 ? hist.commits / totalCommits : 0;
+    const ownerHandles = authorMatchesCodeowners(name, hist.emails, matchedCodeOwners);
+    const isCodeOwner = ownerHandles.length > 0;
+
+    const baseScore =
+      totalBlamedLines > 0 && totalCommits > 0
+        ? 0.45 * blameShare + 0.35 * recencyShare + 0.2 * commitShare
+        : totalBlamedLines > 0
+          ? blameShare
+          : 0.65 * recencyShare + 0.35 * commitShare;
+    const score = Math.min(1, Math.round((baseScore + (isCodeOwner ? 0.15 : 0)) * 1000) / 1000);
+
+    const email = [...hist.emails][0] ?? null;
+    const lastActive = utcDate(hist.lastCommitTs) ?? blame.lastTouched ?? null;
+
+    ranked.push({
+      name,
+      email,
+      score,
+      blameLines: blame.lines,
+      blameShare: Math.round(blameShare * 1000) / 1000,
+      commits: hist.commits,
+      commitShare: Math.round(commitShare * 1000) / 1000,
+      recencyShare: Math.round(recencyShare * 1000) / 1000,
+      additions: hist.additions,
+      deletions: hist.deletions,
+      lastActive,
+      isCodeOwner,
+      codeOwnerHandles: ownerHandles,
+      filesTouched: hist.filesTouched.size || (blame.lines > 0 ? 1 : 0),
+      recentCommits: hist.recentSubjects,
+    });
+  }
+
+  ranked.sort(
+    (a, b) =>
+      b.score - a.score ||
+      b.commits - a.commits ||
+      b.blameLines - a.blameLines ||
+      a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
+  );
+
+  return ranked;
+}
+
+function buildWorkspaceRepoInputs(primaryRoot, extraRepos) {
+  const realPrimary = fs.existsSync(primaryRoot)
+    ? fs.realpathSync(primaryRoot)
+    : path.resolve(primaryRoot);
+  const isContainerOfExtra = extraRepos.some((item) => {
+    const raw = typeof item === 'string' ? item : item?.path;
+    if (typeof raw !== 'string' || !raw.trim()) return false;
+    const resolved = path.resolve(raw);
+    const real = fs.existsSync(resolved) ? fs.realpathSync(resolved) : resolved;
+    return real !== realPrimary && real.startsWith(realPrimary + path.sep);
+  });
+  return isContainerOfExtra ? [...extraRepos] : [primaryRoot, ...extraRepos];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Find ranked code/domain experts for a file, symbol, directory, or natural-language topic.
+ */
+export async function findExperts(projectDir, target, options = {}) {
+  const cwd = path.resolve(projectDir || process.cwd());
+  const limit = Math.max(1, Number(options.limit) || DEFAULT_WHO_LIMIT);
+  const commitWindow = Math.max(1, Number(options.commitWindow) || DEFAULT_COMMIT_WINDOW);
+  const halfLifeDays = Math.max(1, Number(options.halfLifeDays) || DEFAULT_HALF_LIFE_DAYS);
+  const style = options.style || 'markdown';
+  const nowSec = Math.floor((options.nowMs ?? Date.now()) / 1000);
+  const isWorkspace = Array.isArray(options.repos) && options.repos.length > 0;
+
+  if (isWorkspace) {
+    const resolvedRepos = resolveWorkspaceRepos(buildWorkspaceRepoInputs(cwd, options.repos));
+    const reposWithGit = resolvedRepos.map((repo) => {
+      let gitRoot;
+      try {
+        gitRoot = findRepositoryRoot(repo.root);
+      } catch {
+        throw new WhoError(`"${repo.root}" is not inside a git repository.`);
+      }
+      if (!gitRoot) {
+        throw new WhoError(`"${repo.root}" is not inside a git repository.`);
+      }
+      return {
+        ...repo,
+        gitRoot: fs.existsSync(gitRoot) ? fs.realpathSync(gitRoot) : gitRoot,
+      };
+    });
+
+    const resolved = resolveWorkspaceTargetFiles(reposWithGit, cwd, target);
+    const blameEntries = resolved.blameEntries ?? resolved.entries.slice(0, 8);
+
+    const blameByAuthor = new Map();
+    let totalBlamedLines = 0;
+    for (const item of blameEntries) {
+      const ownership = collectOwnership(item.repo.gitRoot, {
+        path: item.rel,
+        startLine: resolved.lineRange?.startLine,
+        endLine: resolved.lineRange?.endLine,
+      });
+      if (!ownership) continue;
+      for (const a of ownership.authors) {
+        if (a.name === '(uncommitted)') continue;
+        totalBlamedLines += a.lines;
+        const cur = blameByAuthor.get(a.name) ?? { lines: 0, lastTouched: null };
+        cur.lines += a.lines;
+        if (a.lastTouched && (!cur.lastTouched || a.lastTouched > cur.lastTouched)) {
+          cur.lastTouched = a.lastTouched;
+        }
+        blameByAuthor.set(a.name, cur);
+      }
+    }
+
+    const entriesByRepo = new Map();
+    for (const item of resolved.entries) {
+      const list = entriesByRepo.get(item.repo.alias) ?? [];
+      list.push(item.rel);
+      entriesByRepo.set(item.repo.alias, list);
+    }
+
+    const commitSignals = new Map();
+    const matchedOwnersSet = new Set();
+    const codeOwnerFiles = [];
+
+    for (const repo of reposWithGit) {
+      const relFiles = entriesByRepo.get(repo.alias);
+      if (!relFiles || relFiles.length === 0) continue;
+
+      const repoSignals = collectCommitSignals(repo.gitRoot, relFiles, {
+        commitWindow,
+        since: options.since,
+        nowSec,
+        halfLifeDays,
+      });
+      for (const [authorName, entry] of repoSignals.entries()) {
+        const merged = commitSignals.get(authorName) ?? {
+          name: authorName,
+          emails: new Set(),
+          commits: 0,
+          decayedCommits: 0,
+          additions: 0,
+          deletions: 0,
+          lastCommitTs: 0,
+          recentSubjects: [],
+          filesTouched: new Set(),
+        };
+        for (const e of entry.emails) merged.emails.add(e);
+        merged.commits += entry.commits;
+        merged.decayedCommits += entry.decayedCommits;
+        merged.additions += entry.additions;
+        merged.deletions += entry.deletions;
+        if (entry.lastCommitTs > merged.lastCommitTs) merged.lastCommitTs = entry.lastCommitTs;
+        for (const f of entry.filesTouched) merged.filesTouched.add(`${repo.alias}/${f}`);
+        for (const s of entry.recentSubjects) {
+          if (!merged.recentSubjects.some((existing) => existing.sha === s.sha)) {
+            merged.recentSubjects.push(s);
+          }
+        }
+        merged.recentSubjects.sort((a, b) => (b.date || '').localeCompare(a.date || ''));
+        if (merged.recentSubjects.length > 3) merged.recentSubjects.length = 3;
+        commitSignals.set(authorName, merged);
+      }
+
+      const co = loadCodeowners(repo.gitRoot);
+      const owners = matchCodeowners(co, relFiles);
+      if (owners.length > 0 && co.file) {
+        codeOwnerFiles.push(`${repo.alias}/${co.file}`);
+        for (const o of owners) matchedOwnersSet.add(o);
+      }
+    }
+
+    const matchedCodeOwners = [...matchedOwnersSet];
+    const ranked = rankExpertSignals({
+      blameByAuthor,
+      totalBlamedLines,
+      commitSignals,
+      matchedCodeOwners,
+    });
+
+    const reposMeta = reposWithGit.map(({ alias, root }) => ({ alias, root }));
+    const data = {
+      repos: reposMeta,
+      target: {
+        query: String(target),
+        mode: resolved.mode,
+        label: resolved.label,
+        files: resolved.entries.map((e) => e.prefixed),
+      },
+      codeOwners: {
+        file: codeOwnerFiles.length > 0 ? codeOwnerFiles.join(', ') : null,
+        owners: matchedCodeOwners,
+      },
+      totalAuthors: ranked.length,
+      experts: ranked.slice(0, limit),
+    };
+
+    return {
+      repos: reposMeta,
+      data,
+      experts: data.experts,
+      text: renderExperts(data, style),
+    };
+  }
+
+  let repoRoot;
+  try {
+    repoRoot = findRepositoryRoot(cwd);
+  } catch {
+    throw new WhoError(`"${cwd}" is not inside a git repository.`);
+  }
+  if (!repoRoot) {
+    throw new WhoError(`"${cwd}" is not inside a git repository.`);
+  }
+
+  const resolved = resolveTargetFiles(repoRoot, cwd, target);
+  const blameTargets = resolved.blameFiles ?? resolved.files.slice(0, 8);
+
+  const blameByAuthor = new Map();
+  let totalBlamedLines = 0;
+  for (const relFile of blameTargets) {
+    const ownership = collectOwnership(repoRoot, {
+      path: relFile,
+      startLine: resolved.lineRange?.startLine,
+      endLine: resolved.lineRange?.endLine,
+    });
+    if (!ownership) continue;
+    for (const a of ownership.authors) {
+      if (a.name === '(uncommitted)') continue;
+      totalBlamedLines += a.lines;
+      const cur = blameByAuthor.get(a.name) ?? { lines: 0, lastTouched: null };
+      cur.lines += a.lines;
+      if (a.lastTouched && (!cur.lastTouched || a.lastTouched > cur.lastTouched)) {
+        cur.lastTouched = a.lastTouched;
+      }
+      blameByAuthor.set(a.name, cur);
+    }
+  }
+
+  const commitSignals = collectCommitSignals(repoRoot, resolved.files, {
+    commitWindow,
+    since: options.since,
+    nowSec,
+    halfLifeDays,
+  });
+
+  const codeowners = loadCodeowners(repoRoot);
+  const matchedCodeOwners = matchCodeowners(codeowners, resolved.files);
+
+  const ranked = rankExpertSignals({
+    blameByAuthor,
+    totalBlamedLines,
+    commitSignals,
+    matchedCodeOwners,
+  });
+
+  const data = {
+    target: {
+      query: String(target),
+      mode: resolved.mode,
+      label: resolved.label,
+      files: resolved.files,
+    },
+    codeOwners: {
+      file: codeowners.file,
+      owners: matchedCodeOwners,
+    },
+    totalAuthors: ranked.length,
+    experts: ranked.slice(0, limit),
+  };
+
+  return {
+    data,
+    experts: data.experts,
+    text: renderExperts(data, style),
+  };
+}