cronli5 0.1.5 → 0.1.7

package/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -6,6 +6,77 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+## [0.1.7]
+
+A correctness and clarity pass driven by blind, math-inclined native-speaker
+review panels over four rounds of randomly sampled patterns (one reviewer per
+language per round), plus a new conciseness CI gate. Each fix was written
+test-first and validated by round-trip, fuzz, and the metamorphic invariant.
+
+### Added
+
+- The conciseness sweep is wired into `npm run verify` as a gate: it exits
+  non-zero on any over-budget description and runs alongside lint, types, tests,
+  the metamorphic invariant, docs, and build. It is zero over-budget across all
+  five languages, guarding against verbosity regressions.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **en:** a month (or year) restriction on an "or"-day cron — both day-of-month
+  and day-of-week set, e.g. `15W 6-8 MON#2` — scoped only the day-of-month
+  branch, falsely implying the weekday branch fires every month; it now scopes
+  the whole or.
+- **en/es/de:** an hour range under a fixed minute (`5 9-17`) folded the minute
+  into the window end only ("through 5:05 p.m." with a bare :00 start), a false
+  continuous span; now the bare hour window plus the minute clause.
+- **es:** a fixed hour under a step or range minute (`3/2 0`) read "a las
+  00:00", asserting a minute-:00 fire that never happens; now the hour context
+  ("a medianoche" / "al mediodía" / "de la hora de las HH").
+- **de:** a standalone offset-clean hour step (`0 0 1/2`) enumerated its hours
+  instead of the cadence ("alle 2 Stunden ab 1 Uhr"); and a "jeder
+  Minute/Stunde" suffix was emitted even when that field is fixed
+  (`30 30 9-17/2`), contradicting it — now dropped unless the field is a
+  wildcard.
+- **zh:** an offset hour stride at minute 0 under a sub-minute second enumerated
+  instead of its cadence; a month range ran into the day-of-month
+  (`6月至8月1日` → `6月至8月，1日`); and a single-hour minute-step with a `15W`
+  day dropped the month entirely (`*/25 12 15W 12`) — all fixed.
+
+### Changed
+
+- Weekday lists now order Monday-first (Sunday last): `SAT,SUN` reads "Saturday
+  and Sunday" (and the equivalent in each language). Display order only — the IR
+  stays canonical (Sunday = 0), so ranges, single days, and the metamorphic
+  invariant are unaffected.
+
+## [0.1.6]
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **Chinese no longer drops the minute** when an uneven minute step meets an uneven
+  hour step: `*/25 */5` read "凌晨0点、5点、…、20点" — silently losing minutes :25 and
+  :50 (a wrong schedule) — and now reads "从0点起每5小时，至20点，每小时0、25、50分".
+- **A bounded hour step composed with a second no longer doubles the seconds
+  clause**: `30 */25 9-17/2` read "at 30 seconds past the minute, at 30 seconds past
+  the minute, …"; the clause is now emitted once (en/es/de/fi; zh's clock-time
+  variant likewise).
+- **A sub-minute second under a minute list starting at 0 no longer repeats the
+  hour**: `* */25 9,17` read "9 a.m., 9 a.m., 9 a.m." (en/es) — fixed.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **Far fewer enumerations: steps, ranges, and stepped hours now read as cadences
+  and spans throughout composed forms.** Extending 0.1.5's bounded-step cadence into
+  every context — a minute step under an hour range/list ("alle 2 Minuten von Minute
+  3 bis 59 jeder Stunde, von 9 bis 17 Uhr"), an hour range or step under a fixed time
+  ("at 30 seconds past the hour, every hour from 9 a.m. through 5 p.m."), and
+  **offset/uneven hour steps** ("从1点起每2小时"; "every 5 hours from midnight through
+  8 p.m."; "cada 5 horas de las 00:00 a las 20:00") — instead of listing every fire.
+  Irregular sets and runs of up to six clock times still read as explicit times. All
+  languages.
+- **Chinese renders an hour range inside a list as a span**: `9-20,22` →
+  "9点至20点和22点" rather than thirteen enumerated hours.
+
 ## [0.1.5]
 
 ### Changed

package/README.md

@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ cronli5('0 0 * * FRI-MON'); // 'every Friday through Monday at midnight'
 cronli5('0,30 9 * * *');   // 'every day at 9 a.m. and 9:30 a.m.'
 cronli5('*/15 9-17 * * *'); // 'every 15 minutes from 9 a.m. through 5:45 p.m.'
 cronli5('30 9-17 * * *');
-// 'at 30 minutes past the hour from 9 a.m. through 5:30 p.m.'
+// 'at 30 minutes past the hour from 9 a.m. through 5 p.m.'
 cronli5('0 12 1 1 *');     // 'on January 1 at noon'
 cronli5('0 * 13 * *');     // 'every hour on the 13th'
 
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ pattern — `5,10 30 9 * * MON` — in every language:
 | Language | cronli5 | cRonstrue 3.14.0 |
 | --- | --- | --- |
 | English | at five and ten seconds past the minute, every Monday at 9:30 a.m. | At 5 and 10 seconds past the minute, at 30 minutes past the hour, at 09:00 AM, only on Monday |
-| German | in den Sekunden 5 und 10 jeder Minute, um 9:30 Uhr montags | Bei Sekunde 5 und 10, bei Minute 30, um 09:00, nur jeden Montag |
+| German | in den Sekunden 5 und 10, um 9:30 Uhr montags | Bei Sekunde 5 und 10, bei Minute 30, um 09:00, nur jeden Montag |
 | Spanish | los lunes, en los segundos 5 y 10 de las 09:30 | A los 5 y 10 segundos del minuto, a los 30 minutos de la hora, a las 09:00, sólo el lunes |
 | Finnish | 5 ja 10 sekunnin kohdalla, maanantaisin klo 9.30 | 5 ja 10 sekunnnin jälkeen, 30 minuuttia yli, klo 09:00, vain maanantai |
 <!-- END GENERATED: cronstrue-head-to-head -->

package/cronli5.min.js

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
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r=w(n.analyses.segments.minute,"minute","hour",e)??k(C(n.analyses.segments.minute,e),"minute","hour",e),i=W(n,e),o=i?r+", "+i+l(n,e):r+", at "+U(n,{minute:0,second:null},!0,e)+l(n,e);return n.analyses.clockSecond?v(n,e)+", "+o:o}function gt(n,t,e){let r=t.minute,i=[],o=[];n.analyses.segments.hour.forEach(function(m){m.kind==="range"?i.push("from "+c({hour:m.bounds[0],minute:0},e)+p(e)+c({hour:m.bounds[1],minute:r},e)):m.kind==="step"?o.push(...m.fires):o.push(+m.value)});let u=An(n,e)+" "+h(i,e);return o.length&&(u+=" and at "+h(o.map(function(m){return c({hour:m,minute:r},e)}),e)),u}var ht={clockTimes:ft,compactClockTimes:dt,composeSeconds:Ze,everyHour:at,everyMinute:nt,everySecond:$e,hourRange:lt,hourStep:ct,minuteFrequency:it,minuteSpanAcrossHourStep:st,minuteSpanInHour:ot,minutesAcrossHours:ut,multipleMinutes:rt,rangeOfMinutes:tt,secondPastMinute:Ke,secondsWithinMinute:Ye,singleMinute:et,standaloneSeconds:Je};function Qn(n,t){let{interval:e,start:r,last:i,cycle:o,unit:u,anchor:s}=n,m="every "+d(e,t)+" "+u+"s",O=o%e===0;if(r===0&&O)return m;if(r<e&&O)return m+" from "+d(r,t)+" "+b(r,u)+" past the "+s;let g=L([r,i],t);return m+" from "+g(r)+p(t)+g(i)+" "+b(i,u)+" past the "+s}function qn(n){let t=[];for(let e of n){if(e.kind!=="single")return null;t.push(+e.value)}return t}function w(n,t,e,r){let i=qn(n),o=i&&bn(i);return o?Qn({...o,cycle:60,unit:t,anchor:e},r):null}function Vn(n,t,e,r){if(n.startToken.indexOf("-")!==-1)return k(jn(n.fires,r),t,e,r);let i=n.startToken==="*"?0:+n.startToken;return i!==0&&n.fires.length<=3?k(jn(n.fires,r),t,e,r):Qn({interval:n.interval,start:i,last:n.fires[n.fires.length-1],cycle:60,unit:t,anchor:e},r)}function $n(n,t){if(n.startToken.indexOf("-")!==-1)return"at "+on(n.fires,t);let e=n.startToken==="*"?0:+n.startToken,r=n.interval;return e===0?"every "+d(r,t)+" hours":n.fires.length<=3?"at "+on(n.fires,t):"every "+d(r,t)+" hours from "+c({hour:e,minute:0},t)}function rn(n,t){let{start:e,interval:r,last:i}=n,o="every "+d(r,t)+" hours",u=24%r===0;return e===0&&u?o:e<r&&u?o+" from "+c({hour:e,minute:0},t):o+" from "+c({hour:e,minute:0},t)+p(t)+c({hour:i,minute:0},t)}function Jn(n){return n.start<n.interval&&24%n.interval===0}function W(n,t){let e=Kn(n);return!e||Jn(e)?null:rn(e,t)}function pt(n){if(n.length<2)return null;let t=n[1]-n[0];if(t<2)return null;for(let e=2;e<n.length;e+=1)if(n[e]-n[e-1]!==t)return null;return n[0]!==0&&n.length<5?null:{interval:t,last:n[n.length-1],start:n[0]}}function Kn(n){let t=n.analyses.segments.hour;if(t.length===1&&t[0].kind==="step"){let r=t[0];if(r.fires.length<2)return null;let i=r.startToken==="*"?0:+r.startToken.split("-")[0];return{interval:r.interval,last:r.fires[r.fires.length-1],start:i}}let e=qn(t);return e&&pt(e)}function cn(n){return n.pattern.second==="*"||n.shapes.second==="step"}function Yn(n,t,e){if(t===0)return cn(n)?P(n,"minute",e)+" for one minute":P(n,"hour",e);let r=d(t,e)+" "+b(t,"minute")+" past the hour";return n.pattern.second==="0"?r:P(n,"minute",e)+", "+r}function mn(n,t,e){let r=Kn(n);if(!r)return null;let i=(r.last-r.start)/r.interval+1;if(n.pattern.second==="0"&&i<=T&&Jn(r))return null;let o=t===0&&cn(n)&&yt(n);return o?P(n,"minute",e)+" for one minute "+ln(o,e)+l(n,e):t===0&&n.pattern.second==="0"?rn(r,e)+l(n,e):Yn(n,t,e)+", "+rn(r,e)+l(n,e)}function yt(n){let t=n.analyses.segments.hour,e=t.length===1&&t[0];return!e||e.kind!=="step"||e.startToken.indexOf("-")!==-1||!(e.interval in En)?null:e}function bt(n){return n.analyses.segments.hour.some(function(e){return e.kind==="range"})}function St(n,t){let e=[],r=[];n.analyses.segments.hour.forEach(function(u){u.kind==="range"?e.push("from "+c({hour:+u.bounds[0],minute:0},t)+p(t)+c({hour:+u.bounds[1],minute:0},t)):u.kind==="step"?r.push(...u.fires):r.push(+u.value)});let i="every hour "+h(e,t);return r.length&&(i+=" and at "+h(r.map(function(u){return c({hour:u,minute:0},t)}),t)),i}function fn(n,t,e){return t!==0||!bt(n)||n.pattern.second==="0"?null:cn(n)?P(n,"minute",e)+" for one minute during the "+U(n,{minute:0,second:null},!1,e)+" hours"+l(n,e):Yn(n,t,e)+", "+St(n,e)+l(n,e)}function L(n,t){let e=n.some(function(i){return+i>10});return function(i){return e?""+i:d(i,t)}}function jn(n,t){return n.map(L(n,t))}function C(n,t){let e=n.flatMap(function(o){return o.kind==="range"?o.bounds:o.kind==="step"?o.fires:[o.value]}),r=L(e,t);return n.flatMap(function(o){return o.kind==="range"?[r(o.bounds[0])+p(t)+r(o.bounds[1])]:o.kind==="step"?o.fires.map(r):[r(o.value)]})}function k(n,t,e,r){return"at "+h(n,r)+" "+t+"s past the "+e}function kt(n,t,e){return(+n==0||+n==12)&&+t==0&&!(typeof e=="number"&&e>0)}function dn(n){let t=n.filter(function(r){return kt(r.hour,r.minute,r.second)});return t.length>0&&t.length<n.length}function on(n,t){let e=dn(n.map(function(o){return{hour:o,minute:0}})),r=n.map(function(o){return c({hour:o,minute:0,plain:e},t)});return h(r,t)}function un(n,t,e,r){return t.kind==="fires"?on(t.fires,r):U(n,{minute:0,second:null},e,r)}function Ot(n){return n.kind==="range"?n.bounds:n.kind==="step"?n.fires:[n.value]}function U(n,t,e,r){let{minute:i,second:o}=t,u=n.analyses.segments.hour,s=dn(u.flatMap(function(g){return Ot(g).map(function(J){return{hour:+J,minute:i,second:o}})})),m=[];return u.forEach(function(g){g.kind==="step"?m.push(...g.fires.map(function(J){return c({hour:J,minute:i,second:o,plain:s},r)})):g.kind==="range"?m.push(c({hour:g.bounds[0],minute:i,second:o,plain:s},r)+p(r)+c({hour:g.bounds[1],minute:i,second:o,plain:s},r)):m.push(c({hour:g.value,minute:i,second:o,plain:s},r))}),h(Nt(m,u,e),r)}function Nt(n,t,e){let r=t.some(function(o){return o.kind==="range"});return!e||!r?n:n.map(function(o,u){return u===0?o:"at "+o})}function h(n,t){if(n.length<=1)return n.join("");if(n.length===2)return n[0]+" and "+n[1];let e=t.style.serialComma?", and ":" and ";return n.slice(0,-1).join(", ")+e+n[n.length-1]}var zt={all:"",month:"in ",stepDate:"on ",weekday:"on "},gn={all:"every day",month:"every day in ",stepDate:"",weekday:"every "};function l(n,t){let e=q(n,zt,t);return e&&" "+e}function Bn(n,t){return q(n,gn,t)+" "}function q(n,t,e){let r=n.pattern;return r.date!=="*"&&r.weekday!=="*"?Pt(n,e):r.date!=="*"?Rt(n,t,e):r.weekday!=="*"?(Zn(r.weekday,e)||t.weekday+ee(n,e))+A(n,e):r.month!=="*"?t.month+j(n,e):t.all}function Rt(n,t,e){let r=n.pattern,i=hn(r.date,e);return i?i+A(n,e):$(r.date)?t.stepDate+_n(r.date)+A(n,e):r.month!=="*"&&!Gn(n)?"on the "+sn(n,e)+A(n,e):r.month!=="*"?"on "+Xn(n,e):"on the "+sn(n,e)}function Gn(n){return!ne(n.pattern.month)&&n.analyses.segments.month.every(function(e){return e.kind!=="range"})}function Pt(n,t){let e=n.pattern,r=Zn(e.weekday,t)||"on "+ee(n,t);return e.month!=="*"&&Gn(n)&&!hn(e.date,t)&&!$(e.date)?"on "+Xn(n,t)+" or "+r+" in "+j(n,t):vt(n,t)+" or "+r+wt(n,t)}function vt(n,t){let e=n.pattern,r=hn(e.date,t);return r||($(e.date)?_n(e.date):"on the "+sn(n,t))}function wt(n,t){return n.pattern.month==="*"?"":", in "+j(n,t)}function hn(n,t){if(n==="L")return"on the last day of the month";if(n==="LW"||n==="WL")return"on the last weekday of the month";let e=/^L-(\d{1,2})$/.exec(n);if(e)return d(+e[1],t)+" "+b(e[1],"day")+" before the last day of the month";let r=/^(\d{1,2})W$|^W(\d{1,2})$/.exec(n);if(r)return"on the weekday nearest the "+H(r[1]||r[2])}function Zn(n,t){let e=n.split("#");if(e.length===2)return"on the "+Qe[+e[1]]+" "+an(e[0],t)+" of the month";if(/L$/.test(n))return"on the last "+an(n.slice(0,-1),t)+" of the month"}function Xn(n,t){let e=j(n,t),r=V(n.analyses.segments.date,t.style.ordinals?H:Ct,t);return t.style.dayFirst?r+" "+e:e+" "+r}function Ct(n){return""+n}function A(n,t){return n.pattern.month==="*"?"":" in "+j(n,t)}function _n(n){let t=n.split("/"),e=+t[1],r=t[0],o=(e===2?"every other":"every "+H(e))+" day of the month";return r!=="*"&&r!=="1"&&(o+=" from the "+H(r)),o}function sn(n,t){return V(n.analyses.segments.date,H,t)}function j(n,t){let e=ne(n.pattern.month);return e||V(n.analyses.segments.month,function(i){return Mt(i,t)},t)}function ne(n){if(!$(n))return null;let[t,e]=n.split("/");return+e!=2?null:t==="*"||t==="1"?"every odd-numbered month":t==="2"?"every even-numbered month":null}function ee(n,t){let e=Sn(n.analyses.segments.weekday);return V(e,function(i){return an(i,t)},t)}function V(n,t,e){let r=[];return n.forEach(function(o){o.kind==="step"?r.push(...o.fires.map(t)):o.kind==="range"?r.push(o.bounds.map(t).join(p(e))):r.push(t(o.value))}),h(r,e)}function $(n){return n.indexOf("/")!==-1&&n.indexOf("-")===-1&&n.indexOf(",")===-1}function Tt(n,t,e){let r=t.pattern.year;if(r==="*")return n;if(r.indexOf("/")!==-1)return n+" "+Ft(r,e);let i=xt(r,e);if(r.indexOf("-")===-1&&r.indexOf(",")===-1&&t.pattern.date!=="*"&&n.indexOf(" at ")!==-1){let o=e.style.dayFirst?" ":", ";return n.replace(" at ",o+i+" at ")}return n+" in "+i}function xt(n,t){return n.indexOf(",")!==-1?h(n.split(","),t):n}function Ft(n,t){let e=n.split("/"),r=+e[1],i=e[0];if(r<=1)return"every year";let o="every "+d(r,t)+" years";return i!=="*"&&i!=="0"&&(o+=" from "+i),o}function c(n,t){let{hour:e,minute:r,plain:i,explicit:o}=n,u=typeof n.second=="number"&&n.second>0?n.second:0;return t.ampm?It({hour:e,minute:r,second:u,plain:i,explicit:o},t):nn({hour:e,minute:r,second:u},{pad:!0,sep:t.style.sep})}function It(n,t){let{hour:e,minute:r,second:i,plain:o,explicit:u}=n,s=t.style;if(!o&&!u&&+r==0&&!i){if(+e==0)return s.midnight;if(+e==12)return s.midday}return nn({hour:e%12||12,minute:r,second:i},{lean:!u,sep:s.sep})+(s.closeUp?"":" ")+(e<12?s.am:s.pm)}function d(n,t){return Wn(n,Ee,t)}function b(n,t){return+n==1?t:t+"s"}function p(n){return n.short?"-":n.style.through}function H(n){let t=Math.abs(n),e=tn[t];return e||(t=(t%100-20)%10,e=tn[t]||tn[0]),n+e}function Mt(n,t){let e=Ae[+n];return e&&e[t.short?1:0]}function an(n,t){let e=n===7||n==="7"?0:n,r=S[e]||Ue[e];return r&&r[t.short?1:0]}var Ht={describe:Ve,fallback:"an unrecognizable cron pattern",options:qe,reboot:"at system startup",sentence:n=>"Runs "+n+(n.endsWith(".")?"":".")},te=Ht;/**
  * @license MIT, Copyright (c) 2026 Andrew Brož
- */function Pt(n,e){let t=e&&e.lang||Bn,r=t.options(e);if(!r.lenient)return Gn(Kn(n,t,r),t,e);try{return Gn(Kn(n,t,r),t,e)}catch{return t.fallback}}function Gn(n,e,t){return t&&t.sentence?e.sentence(n):n}function Kn(n,e,t){if(typeof n=="string"&&n.trim().toLowerCase()==="@reboot")return e.reboot;let r=Pn(Cn(n,t)),i=e.strategy?e.strategy(r,r.plan):r.plan;return e.describe({...r,plan:i},t)}var fn=Pt;typeof globalThis<"u"&&Object.assign(globalThis,{cronli5:fn});var ar=fn;})();
+ */function Wt(n,t){let e=t&&t.lang||te,r=e.options(t);if(!r.lenient)return re(ie(n,e,r),e,t);try{return re(ie(n,e,r),e,t)}catch{return e.fallback}}function re(n,t,e){return e&&e.sentence?t.sentence(n):n}function ie(n,t,e){if(typeof n=="string"&&n.trim().toLowerCase()==="@reboot")return t.reboot;let r=Fn(Hn(n,e)),i=t.strategy?t.strategy(r,r.plan):r.plan;return t.describe({...r,plan:i},e)}var pn=Wt;typeof globalThis<"u"&&Object.assign(globalThis,{cronli5:pn});var Sr=pn;})();

package/dist/cronli5.cjs

@@ -110,6 +110,26 @@ function arithmeticStep(values) {
   }
   return { start: values[0], interval, last: values[values.length - 1] };
 }
+function weekdayDisplayKey(value) {
+  return value === 0 ? 7 : value;
+}
+function orderWeekdaysForDisplay(segments) {
+  const flattened = segments.flatMap(function flat(segment) {
+    return segment.kind === "step" ? segment.fires.map(function single(value) {
+      return { kind: "single", value: "" + value };
+    }) : [segment];
+  });
+  function key(segment) {
+    return segment.kind === "range" ? weekdayDisplayKey(+segment.bounds[0]) : weekdayDisplayKey(+segment.value);
+  }
+  return flattened.map(function index(segment, position) {
+    return [segment, position];
+  }).sort(function byDisplayKey(a, b) {
+    return key(a[0]) - key(b[0]) || a[1] - b[1];
+  }).map(function unwrap(pair) {
+    return pair[0];
+  });
+}
 function toFieldNumber(token, numberMap) {
   return isNonNegativeInteger(token) ? +token : numberMap[token.toUpperCase()];
 }
@@ -972,7 +992,17 @@ function renderSecondsWithinMinute(ir, plan, opts) {
 }
 function composeHourCadence(ir, plan, opts) {
   const clockRest = plan.rest.kind === "clockTimes" || plan.rest.kind === "compactClockTimes";
-  return clockRest && ir.shapes.minute === "single" ? hourCadence(ir, +ir.pattern.minute, opts) : null;
+  if (!clockRest || ir.shapes.minute !== "single") {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const minute = +ir.pattern.minute;
+  return hourCadence(ir, minute, opts) ?? hourRangeCadence(ir, minute, opts);
+}
+function clockTimesConfinement(ir, rest, opts) {
+  if (+rest.times[0].minute === 0 && ir.shapes.minute === "single") {
+    return secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + " for one minute at " + durationHours(ir, rest, opts);
+  }
+  return secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + " of " + clockTimesOf(ir, rest, opts);
 }
 function renderComposeSeconds(ir, plan, opts) {
   const cadence = composeHourCadence(ir, plan, opts);
@@ -980,16 +1010,14 @@ function renderComposeSeconds(ir, plan, opts) {
     return cadence;
   }
   if (plan.rest.kind === "clockTimes" && (ir.shapes.second === "wildcard" || ir.shapes.second === "step")) {
-    const minute = plan.rest.times[0].minute;
-    if (+minute === 0) {
-      return secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + " for one minute at " + durationHours(ir, plan.rest, opts);
-    }
-    return secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + " of " + clockTimesOf(ir, plan.rest, opts);
+    return clockTimesConfinement(ir, plan.rest, opts);
   }
   if (ir.shapes.second === "wildcard" && plan.rest.kind === "minuteFrequency" && plan.rest.hours.kind === "none" && ir.pattern.minute === "*/2") {
     return "every second of every other minute" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
-  return secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + ", " + render(ir, plan.rest, opts);
+  const restOwnsLead = plan.rest.kind === "compactClockTimes" && ir.analyses.clockSecond;
+  const lead = restOwnsLead ? "" : secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + ", ";
+  return lead + render(ir, plan.rest, opts);
 }
 function durationHours(ir, plan, opts) {
   const hours = plan.times.map(function clock(time) {
@@ -1072,7 +1100,8 @@ function renderMinuteFrequency(ir, plan, opts) {
     opts
   );
   if (plan.hours.kind === "during") {
-    phrase += " during the " + hourTimesFromPlan(ir, plan.hours.times, false, opts) + " hours";
+    const cadence = unevenHourCadence(ir, opts);
+    phrase += cadence ? ", " + cadence : " during the " + hourTimesFromPlan(ir, plan.hours.times, false, opts) + " hours";
   } else if (plan.hours.kind === "window") {
     phrase += " " + hourWindow(plan.hours, opts);
   } else if (plan.hours.kind === "step") {
@@ -1087,10 +1116,13 @@ function renderMinuteSpanInHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "every minute from " + getTime({ hour: plan.hour, minute: plan.span[0] }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: plan.hour, minute: plan.span[1] }, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderMinutesAcrossHours(ir, plan, opts) {
+  const cadence = unevenHourCadence(ir, opts);
   if (plan.form === "wildcard") {
+    if (cadence !== null) {
+      return "every minute, " + cadence + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+    }
     return "every minute during the " + hourTimesFromPlan(ir, plan.times, false, opts) + " hours" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
-  const times = hourTimesFromPlan(ir, plan.times, true, opts);
   const lead = plan.form === "range" ? minuteRangeLead(ir.pattern.minute, opts) : (
     // The 'list' form is a minute list, which has segments; an offset/uneven
     // step enumerated to that list reads as a stride.
@@ -1101,6 +1133,10 @@ function renderMinutesAcrossHours(ir, plan, opts) {
       opts
     )
   );
+  if (cadence !== null) {
+    return lead + ", " + cadence + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+  }
+  const times = hourTimesFromPlan(ir, plan.times, true, opts);
   return lead + ", at " + times + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 var stepOrdinals = {
@@ -1127,7 +1163,8 @@ function renderMinuteSpanAcrossHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
     "hour",
     opts
   ) : minuteRangeLead(ir.pattern.minute, opts);
-  return lead + ", " + stepHours(segment, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+  const cadence = unevenHourCadence(ir, opts);
+  return lead + ", " + (cadence ?? stepHours(segment, opts)) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function minuteRangeLead(minuteField, opts) {
   const bounds = minuteField.split("-");
@@ -1164,17 +1201,23 @@ function rangeMinuteLead(ir, opts) {
   );
 }
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
+  const cadence = unevenHourCadence(ir, opts);
+  if (cadence !== null) {
+    return cadence + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+  }
   return stepHours(ir.analyses.segments.hour[0], opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function boundedWindow(plan) {
-  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+  const last = plan.minuteForm === "wildcard" ? plan.boundMinute ?? 0 : 0;
+  return { from: plan.from, last, to: plan.to };
 }
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return "from " + getTime({ hour: window.from, minute: 0 }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: window.to, minute: window.last }, opts);
 }
 function renderClockTimes(ir, plan, opts) {
   if (ir.shapes.minute === "single") {
-    const cadence = hourCadence(ir, +ir.pattern.minute, opts);
+    const minute = +ir.pattern.minute;
+    const cadence = hourCadence(ir, minute, opts) ?? hourRangeCadence(ir, minute, opts);
     if (cadence !== null) {
       return cadence;
     }
@@ -1192,9 +1235,9 @@ function renderClockTimes(ir, plan, opts) {
 }
 function renderCompactClockTimes(ir, plan, opts) {
   if (plan.fold) {
-    const cadence = hourCadence(ir, +plan.minute, opts);
-    if (cadence !== null) {
-      return cadence;
+    const cadence2 = hourCadence(ir, +plan.minute, opts) ?? hourRangeCadence(ir, +plan.minute, opts);
+    if (cadence2 !== null) {
+      return cadence2;
     }
     const hasRange = ir.analyses.segments.hour.some(function range(segment) {
       return segment.kind === "range";
@@ -1205,16 +1248,18 @@ function renderCompactClockTimes(ir, plan, opts) {
     const fold = { minute: plan.minute, second: ir.analyses.clockSecond };
     return interpretDayQualifier(ir, opts) + "at " + hourSegmentTimes(ir, fold, true, opts);
   }
-  const phrase = (
+  const minuteLead = (
     // The non-fold branch is a minute list, which has segments. An
     // offset/uneven step enumerated to that list reads as a stride.
-    (strideFromSegments(ir.analyses.segments.minute, "minute", "hour", opts) ?? listPastThe(
+    strideFromSegments(ir.analyses.segments.minute, "minute", "hour", opts) ?? listPastThe(
       segmentWords(ir.analyses.segments.minute, opts),
       "minute",
       "hour",
       opts
-    )) + ", at " + hourSegmentTimes(ir, { minute: 0, second: null }, true, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts)
+    )
   );
+  const cadence = unevenHourCadence(ir, opts);
+  const phrase = cadence ? minuteLead + ", " + cadence + trailingQualifier(ir, opts) : minuteLead + ", at " + hourSegmentTimes(ir, { minute: 0, second: null }, true, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   return ir.analyses.clockSecond ? secondsLeadClause(ir, opts) + ", " + phrase : phrase;
 }
 function foldedHourWindows(ir, plan, opts) {
@@ -1332,16 +1377,46 @@ function hourStrideCadence(stride, opts) {
   }
   return cadence + " from " + getTime({ hour: start, minute: 0 }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: last, minute: 0 }, opts);
 }
+function offsetCleanStride(stride) {
+  return stride.start < stride.interval && 24 % stride.interval === 0;
+}
+function unevenHourCadence(ir, opts) {
+  const stride = hourStride(ir);
+  if (!stride || offsetCleanStride(stride)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return hourStrideCadence(stride, opts);
+}
+function hourListStride(values) {
+  if (values.length < 2) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const interval = values[1] - values[0];
+  if (interval < 2) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  for (let i = 2; i < values.length; i += 1) {
+    if (values[i] - values[i - 1] !== interval) {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+  if (values[0] !== 0 && values.length < 5) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return { interval, last: values[values.length - 1], start: values[0] };
+}
 function hourStride(ir) {
   const segments = ir.analyses.segments.hour;
   if (segments.length === 1 && segments[0].kind === "step") {
     const segment = segments[0];
+    if (segment.fires.length < 2) {
+      return null;
+    }
     const start = segment.startToken === "*" ? 0 : +segment.startToken.split("-")[0];
     return { interval: segment.interval, last: segment.fires[segment.fires.length - 1], start };
   }
   const values = singleValues(segments);
-  const step = values && arithmeticStep(values);
-  return step || null;
+  return values && hourListStride(values);
 }
 function subMinuteSecond(ir) {
   return ir.pattern.second === "*" || ir.shapes.second === "step";
@@ -1365,13 +1440,16 @@ function hourCadence(ir, minute, opts) {
     return null;
   }
   const fires = (stride.last - stride.start) / stride.interval + 1;
-  if (ir.pattern.second === "0" && fires <= maxClockTimes) {
+  if (ir.pattern.second === "0" && fires <= maxClockTimes && offsetCleanStride(stride)) {
     return null;
   }
   const confinement = minute === 0 && subMinuteSecond(ir) && cleanStrideSegment(ir);
   if (confinement) {
     return secondsClause(ir, "minute", opts) + " for one minute " + everyNthHour(confinement, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
+  if (minute === 0 && ir.pattern.second === "0") {
+    return hourStrideCadence(stride, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+  }
   return hourCadenceLead(ir, minute, opts) + ", " + hourStrideCadence(stride, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function cleanStrideSegment(ir) {
@@ -1382,6 +1460,46 @@ function cleanStrideSegment(ir) {
   }
   return segment;
 }
+function hasHourWindow(ir) {
+  return ir.analyses.segments.hour.some(function range(segment) {
+    return segment.kind === "range";
+  });
+}
+function hourRangeWindowTail(ir, opts) {
+  const windows = [];
+  const singles = [];
+  ir.analyses.segments.hour.forEach(function classify(segment) {
+    if (segment.kind === "range") {
+      windows.push("from " + getTime(
+        { hour: +segment.bounds[0], minute: 0 },
+        opts
+      ) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: +segment.bounds[1], minute: 0 }, opts));
+    } else if (segment.kind === "step") {
+      singles.push(...segment.fires);
+    } else {
+      singles.push(+segment.value);
+    }
+  });
+  let phrase = "every hour " + joinList(windows, opts);
+  if (singles.length) {
+    phrase += " and at " + joinList(singles.map(function time(hour) {
+      return getTime({ hour, minute: 0 }, opts);
+    }), opts);
+  }
+  return phrase;
+}
+function hourRangeCadence(ir, minute, opts) {
+  if (minute !== 0 || !hasHourWindow(ir)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  if (ir.pattern.second === "0") {
+    return null;
+  }
+  if (subMinuteSecond(ir)) {
+    return secondsClause(ir, "minute", opts) + " for one minute during the " + hourSegmentTimes(ir, { minute: 0, second: null }, false, opts) + " hours" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+  }
+  return hourCadenceLead(ir, minute, opts) + ", " + hourRangeWindowTail(ir, opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
+}
 function seriesNumber(values, opts) {
   const anyBig = values.some(function big(v) {
     return +v > 10;
@@ -1546,17 +1664,27 @@ function monthFoldsIntoDate(ir) {
 function dateOrWeekday(ir, opts) {
   const pattern = ir.pattern;
   const weekdayPart = quartzWeekdayPhrase(pattern.weekday, opts) || "on " + weekdayPhrase(ir, opts);
+  if (pattern.month !== "*" && monthFoldsIntoDate(ir) && !quartzDatePhrase(pattern.date, opts) && !isOpenStep(pattern.date)) {
+    return "on " + monthDatePhrase(ir, opts) + " or " + weekdayPart + " in " + monthName(ir, opts);
+  }
+  return datePart(ir, opts) + " or " + weekdayPart + orMonthScope(ir, opts);
+}
+function datePart(ir, opts) {
+  const pattern = ir.pattern;
   const quartzDate = quartzDatePhrase(pattern.date, opts);
   if (quartzDate) {
-    return quartzDate + monthScope(ir, opts) + " or " + weekdayPart;
+    return quartzDate;
   }
   if (isOpenStep(pattern.date)) {
-    return stepDates(pattern.date) + monthScope(ir, opts) + " or " + weekdayPart;
+    return stepDates(pattern.date);
   }
-  if (pattern.month !== "*" && monthFoldsIntoDate(ir)) {
-    return "on " + monthDatePhrase(ir, opts) + " or " + weekdayPart + " in " + monthName(ir, opts);
+  return "on the " + dateOrdinals(ir, opts);
+}
+function orMonthScope(ir, opts) {
+  if (ir.pattern.month === "*") {
+    return "";
   }
-  return "on the " + dateOrdinals(ir, opts) + " or " + weekdayPart + monthScope(ir, opts);
+  return ", in " + monthName(ir, opts);
 }
 function quartzDatePhrase(dateField, opts) {
   if (dateField === "L") {
@@ -1638,7 +1766,8 @@ function oddEvenMonth(monthField) {
   return start === "2" ? "every even-numbered month" : null;
 }
 function weekdayPhrase(ir, opts) {
-  return renderSegments(ir.analyses.segments.weekday, function name(value) {
+  const segments = orderWeekdaysForDisplay(ir.analyses.segments.weekday);
+  return renderSegments(segments, function name(value) {
     return getWeekday(value, opts);
   }, opts);
 }