cronli5 0.1.0 → 0.1.1

package/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -6,6 +6,32 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+## [0.1.1]
+
+### Fixed
+
+- A minute of `0` is no longer dropped when a sub-minute second makes the
+  cadence sub-minute. `* 0 * * * *` now reads "every second, zero minutes past
+  the hour, every hour" (was "every second, every hour", which described every
+  second of *every* minute, losing the minute-0 restriction). The bug affected
+  the wildcard-second + minute-0 combination over the every-hour, hour-range,
+  and hour-step idioms, in all five languages; fuzz coverage was added for the
+  shape so it cannot silently regress.
+
+### Changed
+
+- A minute **list or range** within an **hour range** now closes on the bare
+  hour, with the minutes stated separately: `2,3,4 9-17 * * *` reads "at 2, 3,
+  and 4 minutes past the hour from 9 a.m. through 5 p.m." (was "through 5:04
+  p.m.", which glued the last fire's minute onto the bound and read as a
+  misleading continuous span). Single-minute (`30 9-17 * * *` → "through 5:30
+  p.m.") and wildcard (`* 9-17 * * *` → "through 5:59 p.m.") bounds are
+  unchanged. All five languages.
+
+## [0.1.0]
+
+First non-beta release.
+
 ### Added
 
 - **Per-language documentation** under `docs/lang/` (`en.md`, `es.md`,
@@ -34,7 +60,6 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
   `ampm` option is ignored. Ships with a reviewed corpus, minimal
   pairs, language notes, and a review log under `test/lang/fi/`.
   Like Spanish, Finnish required zero core changes.
-
 - Descriptions for **lists containing range or step segments** (e.g.
   `0-30,45` or `9,17-19`) in every field. Minute and second lists read their
   spans discretely (`at five through ten and 20 minutes past the hour`), hour
@@ -87,6 +112,18 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 - An explicitly supplied year is now always described: object input with a
   `year` property (e.g. `{hour: 9, year: 2030}`) previously validated the
   year and then silently dropped it from the description.
+- Idiomatic descriptions for **lists** (`,`), **ranges** (`-`), and **compound**
+  patterns that combine multiple non-trivial fields (e.g.
+  `at 30 minutes past the hour from 9 a.m. through 5 p.m.`).
+- Trailing day qualifiers for bare frequencies (e.g. `every minute on Monday`,
+  `every hour on January 13`).
+- Dual **ESM** and **CommonJS** builds plus a minified **browser** global, an
+  `exports` map, and bundled **TypeScript** type definitions (`cronli5.d.ts`).
+- Continuous integration (GitHub Actions) across Node 18/20/22, with a
+  coverage gate.
+- Code coverage via **c8** with enforced thresholds (`npm run coverage`).
+- Property-based tests (**fast-check**), smoke tests against the built
+  ESM/CJS artifacts, and type tests (**tsd**, `npm run test:types`).
 
 ### Changed
 
@@ -94,7 +131,6 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
   `uk` for the Ukrainian language, so the British-English style now uses the
   ISO-3166 country code `'gb'`. `{ dialect: 'uk' }` still works as a
   deprecated alias for `'gb'` and will be removed in a future release.
-
 - **Spanish now defaults to the 24-hour clock** (`a las 09:30`,
   `a las 17:00`), matching RAE convention for written Spanish. Pass
   `{ampm: true}` for the previous 12-hour behavior with day periods
@@ -166,6 +202,11 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
   `0-30` in minute lists, and clock-time windows like `9 a.m.-5:45 p.m.`).
   Previously short mode abbreviated names but left "through" in place for
   every field except weekdays.
+- Source is now authored as an ES module in `src/` and bundled with esbuild.
+- Date descriptions always use suffixed numeric ordinals (`1st`, `2nd`, ...).
+- Modernized the toolchain: ESLint 9 (flat config), Mocha 11, Chai 4.
+- Enforced explicit ESLint budgets for cyclomatic `complexity`, `max-depth`,
+  and `max-params` as regression guards.
 
 ### Fixed
 
@@ -236,36 +277,6 @@ adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
   own clause instead of cross-multiplying into a wall of times
   (`0,30 8-18/2 * * *` reads "at 0 and 30 minutes past the hour, at 8
   a.m., 10 a.m., ..." — six times, not twelve).
-
-## [0.1.0]
-
-First non-beta release.
-
-### Added
-
-- Idiomatic descriptions for **lists** (`,`), **ranges** (`-`), and **compound**
-  patterns that combine multiple non-trivial fields (e.g.
-  `at 30 minutes past the hour from 9 a.m. through 5 p.m.`).
-- Trailing day qualifiers for bare frequencies (e.g. `every minute on Monday`,
-  `every hour on January 13`).
-- Dual **ESM** and **CommonJS** builds plus a minified **browser** global, an
-  `exports` map, and bundled **TypeScript** type definitions (`cronli5.d.ts`).
-- Continuous integration (GitHub Actions) across Node 18/20/22, with a
-  coverage gate.
-- Code coverage via **c8** with enforced thresholds (`npm run coverage`).
-- Property-based tests (**fast-check**), smoke tests against the built
-  ESM/CJS artifacts, and type tests (**tsd**, `npm run test:types`).
-
-### Changed
-
-- Source is now authored as an ES module in `src/` and bundled with esbuild.
-- Date descriptions always use suffixed numeric ordinals (`1st`, `2nd`, ...).
-- Modernized the toolchain: ESLint 9 (flat config), Mocha 11, Chai 4.
-- Enforced explicit ESLint budgets for cyclomatic `complexity`, `max-depth`,
-  and `max-params` as regression guards.
-
-### Fixed
-
 - Weekday/date/month-only patterns no longer drop their qualifier.
 - A specific minute within an hour range is no longer dropped.
 

package/cronli5.min.js

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
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  * @license MIT, Copyright (c) 2026 Andrew Brož
- */function tr(n,e){let r=e&&e.lang||Wn,t=r.options(e);if(!t.lenient)return Dn(jn(n,r,t),r,e);try{return Dn(jn(n,r,t),r,e)}catch{return r.fallback}}function Dn(n,e,r){return r&&r.sentence?e.sentence(n):n}function jn(n,e,r){if(typeof n=="string"&&n.trim().toLowerCase()==="@reboot")return e.reboot;let t=pn(On(n,r)),i=e.strategy?e.strategy(t,t.plan):t.plan;return e.describe({...t,plan:i},r)}var on=tr;typeof globalThis<"u"&&Object.assign(globalThis,{cronli5:on});var Dr=on;})();
+ */function or(n,e){let r=e&&e.lang||Dn,t=r.options(e);if(!t.lenient)return jn(Un(n,r,t),r,e);try{return jn(Un(n,r,t),r,e)}catch{return r.fallback}}function jn(n,e,r){return r&&r.sentence?e.sentence(n):n}function Un(n,e,r){if(typeof n=="string"&&n.trim().toLowerCase()==="@reboot")return e.reboot;let t=yn(kn(n,r)),i=e.strategy?e.strategy(t,t.plan):t.plan;return e.describe({...t,plan:i},r)}var un=or;typeof globalThis<"u"&&Object.assign(globalThis,{cronli5:un});var Ur=un;})();

package/dist/cronli5.cjs

@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ function planSeconds(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
   }
   return {
     kind: "composeSeconds",
-    rest: planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) || planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses)
+    rest: planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses, true) || planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses, true)
   };
 }
 function planStandaloneSeconds(pattern, shapes) {
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ function planStandaloneSeconds(pattern, shapes) {
   }
   return { kind: "standaloneSeconds" };
 }
-function planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
+function planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses, subMinuteSecond = false) {
   if (shapes.minute === "step") {
     return {
       hours: planFrequencyHours(pattern, shapes, analyses),
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ function planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
     return underStep;
   }
   if (pattern.hour === "*") {
-    return planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes);
+    return planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes, subMinuteSecond);
   }
 }
 function cleanHourStride(hourField) {
@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ function planMinutesAcrossHours(pattern, shapes) {
   }
   return null;
 }
-function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes) {
+function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes, subMinuteSecond) {
   if (shapes.minute === "range") {
     return { kind: "rangeOfMinutes" };
   }
@@ -650,39 +650,45 @@ function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes) {
   if (pattern.minute === "*") {
     return { kind: "everyMinute" };
   }
-  if (pattern.minute !== "0") {
+  if (pattern.minute !== "0" || subMinuteSecond) {
     return { kind: "singleMinute" };
   }
 }
-function planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
-  if (shapes.hour === "range") {
-    const bounds = pattern.hour.split("-");
-    let minuteForm = "lead";
-    if (pattern.minute === "*") {
-      minuteForm = "wildcard";
-    } else if (shapes.minute === "range") {
-      minuteForm = "range";
-    }
-    return {
-      from: +bounds[0],
-      kind: "hourRange",
-      last: analyses.lastMinuteFire,
-      minuteForm,
-      to: +bounds[1]
-    };
+function planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses, subMinuteSecond = false) {
+  const absorbsMinuteZero = subMinuteSecond && pattern.minute === "0";
+  if (shapes.hour === "range" && !absorbsMinuteZero) {
+    return planHourRange(pattern, shapes, analyses);
   }
-  if (shapes.hour === "step" && pattern.minute === "0") {
+  if (shapes.hour === "step" && pattern.minute === "0" && !subMinuteSecond) {
     return { kind: "hourStep" };
   }
-  if (pattern.hour === "*") {
+  if (pattern.hour === "*" && !absorbsMinuteZero) {
     return { kind: "everyHour" };
   }
-  return planClockTimes(pattern, analyses);
+  return planClockTimes(pattern, analyses, absorbsMinuteZero);
 }
-function planClockTimes(pattern, analyses) {
+function planHourRange(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
+  const bounds = pattern.hour.split("-");
+  let minuteForm = "lead";
+  if (pattern.minute === "*") {
+    minuteForm = "wildcard";
+  } else if (shapes.minute === "range") {
+    minuteForm = "range";
+  }
+  const multiValued = shapes.minute === "range" || shapes.minute === "list";
+  return {
+    boundMinute: multiValued ? null : analyses.lastMinuteFire,
+    from: +bounds[0],
+    kind: "hourRange",
+    last: analyses.lastMinuteFire,
+    minuteForm,
+    to: +bounds[1]
+  };
+}
+function planClockTimes(pattern, analyses, enumerate = false) {
   const hours = enumerateFires(pattern.hour, 0, 23);
   const minutes = enumerateValues(pattern.minute);
-  if (hours.length * minutes.length > maxClockTimes) {
+  if (!enumerate && hours.length * minutes.length > maxClockTimes) {
     return {
       fold: minutes.length === 1,
       kind: "compactClockTimes",
@@ -996,7 +1002,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "every hour" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "every minute " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -1019,6 +1025,9 @@ function rangeMinuteLead(ir, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(ir.analyses.segments.hour[0], opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return "from " + getTime({ hour: window.from, minute: 0 }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: window.to, minute: window.last }, opts);
 }

package/dist/cronli5.js

@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ function planSeconds(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
   }
   return {
     kind: "composeSeconds",
-    rest: planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) || planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses)
+    rest: planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses, true) || planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses, true)
   };
 }
 function planStandaloneSeconds(pattern, shapes) {
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ function planStandaloneSeconds(pattern, shapes) {
   }
   return { kind: "standaloneSeconds" };
 }
-function planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
+function planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses, subMinuteSecond = false) {
   if (shapes.minute === "step") {
     return {
       hours: planFrequencyHours(pattern, shapes, analyses),
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ function planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
     return underStep;
   }
   if (pattern.hour === "*") {
-    return planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes);
+    return planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes, subMinuteSecond);
   }
 }
 function cleanHourStride(hourField) {
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ function planMinutesAcrossHours(pattern, shapes) {
   }
   return null;
 }
-function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes) {
+function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes, subMinuteSecond) {
   if (shapes.minute === "range") {
     return { kind: "rangeOfMinutes" };
   }
@@ -624,39 +624,45 @@ function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes) {
   if (pattern.minute === "*") {
     return { kind: "everyMinute" };
   }
-  if (pattern.minute !== "0") {
+  if (pattern.minute !== "0" || subMinuteSecond) {
     return { kind: "singleMinute" };
   }
 }
-function planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
-  if (shapes.hour === "range") {
-    const bounds = pattern.hour.split("-");
-    let minuteForm = "lead";
-    if (pattern.minute === "*") {
-      minuteForm = "wildcard";
-    } else if (shapes.minute === "range") {
-      minuteForm = "range";
-    }
-    return {
-      from: +bounds[0],
-      kind: "hourRange",
-      last: analyses.lastMinuteFire,
-      minuteForm,
-      to: +bounds[1]
-    };
+function planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses, subMinuteSecond = false) {
+  const absorbsMinuteZero = subMinuteSecond && pattern.minute === "0";
+  if (shapes.hour === "range" && !absorbsMinuteZero) {
+    return planHourRange(pattern, shapes, analyses);
   }
-  if (shapes.hour === "step" && pattern.minute === "0") {
+  if (shapes.hour === "step" && pattern.minute === "0" && !subMinuteSecond) {
     return { kind: "hourStep" };
   }
-  if (pattern.hour === "*") {
+  if (pattern.hour === "*" && !absorbsMinuteZero) {
     return { kind: "everyHour" };
   }
-  return planClockTimes(pattern, analyses);
+  return planClockTimes(pattern, analyses, absorbsMinuteZero);
 }
-function planClockTimes(pattern, analyses) {
+function planHourRange(pattern, shapes, analyses) {
+  const bounds = pattern.hour.split("-");
+  let minuteForm = "lead";
+  if (pattern.minute === "*") {
+    minuteForm = "wildcard";
+  } else if (shapes.minute === "range") {
+    minuteForm = "range";
+  }
+  const multiValued = shapes.minute === "range" || shapes.minute === "list";
+  return {
+    boundMinute: multiValued ? null : analyses.lastMinuteFire,
+    from: +bounds[0],
+    kind: "hourRange",
+    last: analyses.lastMinuteFire,
+    minuteForm,
+    to: +bounds[1]
+  };
+}
+function planClockTimes(pattern, analyses, enumerate = false) {
   const hours = enumerateFires(pattern.hour, 0, 23);
   const minutes = enumerateValues(pattern.minute);
-  if (hours.length * minutes.length > maxClockTimes) {
+  if (!enumerate && hours.length * minutes.length > maxClockTimes) {
     return {
       fold: minutes.length === 1,
       kind: "compactClockTimes",
@@ -970,7 +976,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "every hour" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "every minute " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -993,6 +999,9 @@ function rangeMinuteLead(ir, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(ir.analyses.segments.hour[0], opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return "from " + getTime({ hour: window.from, minute: 0 }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: window.to, minute: window.last }, opts);
 }

package/dist/lang/de.cjs

@@ -433,7 +433,12 @@ function hourStepPhrase(ir) {
   return cleanStep(segment, 24) ? everyN(segment.interval, UNITS.hour) : atHours(segment.fires);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan.from, plan.to, plan.last, opts.style.sep);
+  const window = hourWindow(
+    plan.from,
+    plan.to,
+    plan.boundMinute ?? 0,
+    opts.style.sep
+  );
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "jede Minute " + window;
   }

package/dist/lang/de.js

@@ -407,7 +407,12 @@ function hourStepPhrase(ir) {
   return cleanStep(segment, 24) ? everyN(segment.interval, UNITS.hour) : atHours(segment.fires);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan.from, plan.to, plan.last, opts.style.sep);
+  const window = hourWindow(
+    plan.from,
+    plan.to,
+    plan.boundMinute ?? 0,
+    opts.style.sep
+  );
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "jede Minute " + window;
   }

package/dist/lang/en.cjs

@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "every hour" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "every minute " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -330,6 +330,9 @@ function rangeMinuteLead(ir, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(ir.analyses.segments.hour[0], opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return "from " + getTime({ hour: window.from, minute: 0 }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: window.to, minute: window.last }, opts);
 }

package/dist/lang/en.js

@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "every hour" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "every minute " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -304,6 +304,9 @@ function rangeMinuteLead(ir, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(ir.analyses.segments.hour[0], opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return "from " + getTime({ hour: window.from, minute: 0 }, opts) + through(opts) + getTime({ hour: window.to, minute: window.last }, opts);
 }

package/dist/lang/es.cjs

@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "cada hora" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "cada minuto " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -347,6 +347,9 @@ function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(stepSegment(ir.analyses.segments.hour), opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return timeRange(
     { hour: window.from, minute: 0 },

package/dist/lang/es.js

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "cada hora" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "cada minuto " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -321,6 +321,9 @@ function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(stepSegment(ir.analyses.segments.hour), opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return timeRange(
     { hour: window.from, minute: 0 },

package/dist/lang/fi.cjs

@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "joka tunti" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "joka minuutti " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -487,6 +487,9 @@ function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(stepSegment(ir.analyses.segments.hour), opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return kloRange(
     { hour: window.from, minute: 0 },

package/dist/lang/fi.js

@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   return "joka tunti" + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
   if (plan.minuteForm === "wildcard") {
     return "joka minuutti " + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
   }
@@ -461,6 +461,9 @@ function renderHourRange(ir, plan, opts) {
 function renderHourStep(ir, plan, opts) {
   return stepHours(stepSegment(ir.analyses.segments.hour), opts) + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
+function boundedWindow(plan) {
+  return { from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to };
+}
 function hourWindow(window, opts) {
   return kloRange(
     { hour: window.from, minute: 0 },

package/dist/lang/zh.cjs

@@ -320,15 +320,12 @@ function composeSecondsOnHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   const sec = secondClause(ir);
   const { rest } = plan;
   const restText = render(ir, rest, opts);
-  if (rest.kind === "everyHour") {
-    return sec + "\uFF0C\u6BCF\u5C0F\u65F6";
-  }
-  if (rest.kind === "hourStep") {
-    return sec + "\uFF0C" + restText;
-  }
   if ((rest.kind === "clockTimes" || rest.kind === "compactClockTimes") && isDaily(ir)) {
     return "\u6BCF\u5929" + restText + sec;
   }
+  if (rest.kind === "singleMinute") {
+    return restText + "\uFF0C" + sec;
+  }
   return restText + sec;
 }
 function composeSecondsCadence(ir) {
@@ -348,17 +345,12 @@ function composeSecondsCadence(ir) {
 function composeSecondsListed(ir) {
   const sec = secondClause(ir);
   const minutes = "\u6BCF\u5C0F\u65F6" + valueList(fieldSegments(ir, "minute"), "\u5206");
-  const minuteSegs = fieldSegments(ir, "minute");
   if (ir.shapes.hour === "wildcard") {
     return minutes + "\uFF0C" + sec;
   }
   if (isHourCadence(ir)) {
     return cadence(stepSegment(ir, "hour").interval, UNITS.hour) + "\uFF0C" + minutes + "\uFF0C" + sec;
   }
-  if (ir.shapes.hour === "range" && minuteSegs.length === 1 && minuteSegs[0].kind === "range") {
-    const [from, to] = fieldSegments(ir, "hour")[0].bounds;
-    return "\u5728" + hourWord(+from) + "\u81F3" + to + "\u70B9" + minuteSegs[0].bounds[1] + "\u5206\u4E4B\u95F4\uFF0C" + sec;
-  }
   return hourFrame(ir) + minutes + "\uFF0C" + sec;
 }
 function renderComposeSeconds(ir, plan, opts) {

package/dist/lang/zh.js

@@ -294,15 +294,12 @@ function composeSecondsOnHour(ir, plan, opts) {
   const sec = secondClause(ir);
   const { rest } = plan;
   const restText = render(ir, rest, opts);
-  if (rest.kind === "everyHour") {
-    return sec + "\uFF0C\u6BCF\u5C0F\u65F6";
-  }
-  if (rest.kind === "hourStep") {
-    return sec + "\uFF0C" + restText;
-  }
   if ((rest.kind === "clockTimes" || rest.kind === "compactClockTimes") && isDaily(ir)) {
     return "\u6BCF\u5929" + restText + sec;
   }
+  if (rest.kind === "singleMinute") {
+    return restText + "\uFF0C" + sec;
+  }
   return restText + sec;
 }
 function composeSecondsCadence(ir) {
@@ -322,17 +319,12 @@ function composeSecondsCadence(ir) {
 function composeSecondsListed(ir) {
   const sec = secondClause(ir);
   const minutes = "\u6BCF\u5C0F\u65F6" + valueList(fieldSegments(ir, "minute"), "\u5206");
-  const minuteSegs = fieldSegments(ir, "minute");
   if (ir.shapes.hour === "wildcard") {
     return minutes + "\uFF0C" + sec;
   }
   if (isHourCadence(ir)) {
     return cadence(stepSegment(ir, "hour").interval, UNITS.hour) + "\uFF0C" + minutes + "\uFF0C" + sec;
   }
-  if (ir.shapes.hour === "range" && minuteSegs.length === 1 && minuteSegs[0].kind === "range") {
-    const [from, to] = fieldSegments(ir, "hour")[0].bounds;
-    return "\u5728" + hourWord(+from) + "\u81F3" + to + "\u70B9" + minuteSegs[0].bounds[1] + "\u5206\u4E4B\u95F4\uFF0C" + sec;
-  }
   return hourFrame(ir) + minutes + "\uFF0C" + sec;
 }
 function renderComposeSeconds(ir, plan, opts) {

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "cronli5",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.1.1",
   "description": "Cron Like I'm Five: A Cron to English Utility",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",

package/src/core/analyze.ts

@@ -269,10 +269,13 @@ function planSeconds(
     return null;
   }
 
+  // The second makes the cadence sub-minute, so a minute of 0 is a real
+  // restriction that must be stated, not absorbed into an hourly idiom (which
+  // would silently drop it). Route minute 0 to the minute-explicit forms.
   return {
     kind: 'composeSeconds',
-    rest: planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses) ||
-      planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses)
+    rest: planMinutes(pattern, shapes, analyses, true) ||
+      planHours(pattern, shapes, analyses, true)
   };
 }
 
@@ -303,7 +306,8 @@ function planStandaloneSeconds(
 function planMinutes(
   pattern: Pattern,
   shapes: Shapes,
-  analyses: Analyses
+  analyses: Analyses,
+  subMinuteSecond = false
 ): PlanNode | undefined {
   if (shapes.minute === 'step') {
     return {
@@ -333,7 +337,7 @@ function planMinutes(
   }
 
   if (pattern.hour === '*') {
-    return planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes);
+    return planMinutesUnderOpenHour(pattern, shapes, subMinuteSecond);
   }
 }
 
@@ -451,7 +455,8 @@ function planMinutesAcrossHours(
 // Minute strategies that only stand on their own under a wildcard hour.
 function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(
   pattern: Pattern,
-  shapes: Shapes
+  shapes: Shapes,
+  subMinuteSecond: boolean
 ): PlanNode | undefined {
   if (shapes.minute === 'range') {
     return {kind: 'rangeOfMinutes'};
@@ -465,56 +470,89 @@ function planMinutesUnderOpenHour(
     return {kind: 'everyMinute'};
   }
 
-  if (pattern.minute !== '0') {
+  // Minute 0 normally defers to "every hour" so a standalone `0 * * * *`
+  // stays terse; under a sub-minute second it must be stated, so name it.
+  if (pattern.minute !== '0' || subMinuteSecond) {
     return {kind: 'singleMinute'};
   }
 }
 
-// Hour strategies: the chain's last resort always produces a plan.
+// Hour strategies: the chain's last resort always produces a plan. Under a
+// sub-minute second a minute of 0 is a real restriction, so the absorbing
+// idioms (hour range, hour step, every hour) are skipped for it and the hour
+// is enumerated as clock times instead, stating the :00.
 function planHours(
   pattern: Pattern,
   shapes: Shapes,
-  analyses: Analyses
+  analyses: Analyses,
+  subMinuteSecond = false
 ): PlanNode {
-  if (shapes.hour === 'range') {
-    const bounds = pattern.hour.split('-');
-    let minuteForm: 'lead' | 'wildcard' | 'range' = 'lead';
-
-    if (pattern.minute === '*') {
-      minuteForm = 'wildcard';
-    }
-    else if (shapes.minute === 'range') {
-      minuteForm = 'range';
-    }
+  const absorbsMinuteZero = subMinuteSecond && pattern.minute === '0';
 
-    return {
-      from: +bounds[0],
-      kind: 'hourRange',
-      last: analyses.lastMinuteFire,
-      minuteForm,
-      to: +bounds[1]
-    };
+  if (shapes.hour === 'range' && !absorbsMinuteZero) {
+    return planHourRange(pattern, shapes, analyses);
   }
 
-  if (shapes.hour === 'step' && pattern.minute === '0') {
+  if (shapes.hour === 'step' && pattern.minute === '0' && !subMinuteSecond) {
     return {kind: 'hourStep'};
   }
 
-  if (pattern.hour === '*') {
+  if (pattern.hour === '*' && !absorbsMinuteZero) {
     return {kind: 'everyHour'};
   }
 
-  return planClockTimes(pattern, analyses);
+  // When minute 0 must be stated, enumerate the on-the-hour times explicitly:
+  // the compact fold of a contiguous hour range would otherwise restate the
+  // hour-range idiom ("every hour from X through Y") and re-drop the :00.
+  return planClockTimes(pattern, analyses, absorbsMinuteZero);
+}
+
+// The hour-range plan: a window from the first hour through the last. The
+// minute clause leads (a single fire or a list), fires every minute (a range),
+// or fills the window (a wildcard). A multi-valued minute (list or range)
+// closes the window on the bare hour, stating its minutes separately; a single
+// fire or a wildcard names an exact closing minute (its fire, or the wildcard's
+// last :59) — otherwise the glued last fire reads as a continuous span.
+function planHourRange(
+  pattern: Pattern,
+  shapes: Shapes,
+  analyses: Analyses
+): PlanNode {
+  const bounds = pattern.hour.split('-');
+  let minuteForm: 'lead' | 'wildcard' | 'range' = 'lead';
+
+  if (pattern.minute === '*') {
+    minuteForm = 'wildcard';
+  }
+  else if (shapes.minute === 'range') {
+    minuteForm = 'range';
+  }
+
+  const multiValued = shapes.minute === 'range' || shapes.minute === 'list';
+
+  return {
+    boundMinute: multiValued ? null : analyses.lastMinuteFire,
+    from: +bounds[0],
+    kind: 'hourRange',
+    last: analyses.lastMinuteFire,
+    minuteForm,
+    to: +bounds[1]
+  };
 }
 
 // Enumerated clock times up to the cap; past it, a compact form (a single
 // minute folds into hour-segment windows; a minute list leads with its own
-// clause).
-function planClockTimes(pattern: Pattern, analyses: Analyses): PlanNode {
+// clause). `enumerate` forces the explicit list past the cap, used when a
+// minute restriction must be named rather than folded into an hour idiom.
+function planClockTimes(
+  pattern: Pattern,
+  analyses: Analyses,
+  enumerate = false
+): PlanNode {
   const hours = enumerateFires(pattern.hour, 0, 23);
   const minutes = enumerateValues(pattern.minute);
 
-  if (hours.length * minutes.length > maxClockTimes) {
+  if (!enumerate && hours.length * minutes.length > maxClockTimes) {
     return {
       fold: minutes.length === 1,
       kind: 'compactClockTimes',

package/src/core/ir.ts

@@ -78,6 +78,12 @@ export type PlanNode =
       from: number;
       to: number;
       last: number;
+      // The minute to show on the closing bound, or `null` to close on the
+      // bare hour with the minutes stated separately. A single fire or a
+      // wildcard names an exact closing minute (the fire, or `:59`); a minute
+      // list or range would otherwise glue its last fire onto the bound and
+      // read as a continuous span, so it closes bare instead.
+      boundMinute: number | null;
       minuteForm: 'lead' | 'wildcard' | 'range';
     }
   | {kind: 'hourStep'}

package/src/lang/de/index.ts

@@ -657,7 +657,11 @@ function renderHourRange(
   plan: Extract<PlanNode, {kind: 'hourRange'}>,
   opts: Opts
 ): string {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan.from, plan.to, plan.last, opts.style.sep);
+  // A bare close (`boundMinute` null) lands on the top of the final hour
+  // (minute 0), matching the minute-0 baseline, with the minutes stated
+  // separately; a single fire or wildcard names an exact closing minute.
+  const window = hourWindow(plan.from, plan.to, plan.boundMinute ?? 0,
+    opts.style.sep);
 
   if (plan.minuteForm === 'wildcard') {
     return 'jede Minute ' + window;

package/src/lang/en/index.ts

@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ function renderEveryHour(ir: IR, plan: PlanOf<'everyHour'>,
 // minute; a discrete minute anchors as a lead clause.
 function renderHourRange(ir: IR, plan: PlanOf<'hourRange'>,
   opts: NormalizedOptions): string {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
 
   if (plan.minuteForm === 'wildcard') {
     return 'every minute ' + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
@@ -411,6 +411,14 @@ function renderHourStep(ir: IR, plan: PlanOf<'hourStep'>,
     trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 
+// The hour-range plan as a window whose closing minute honors `boundMinute`:
+// a bare close (`null`) lands on the top of the final hour (`:00`), matching
+// the minute-0 baseline, with the minutes stated separately elsewhere.
+function boundedWindow(plan: PlanOf<'hourRange'>):
+  {from: number; to: number; last: number} {
+  return {from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to};
+}
+
 // An hour window phrase, e.g. "from 9 a.m. through 5:45 p.m.". Windows
 // open at the top of the first hour and close at the minute field's last
 // fire within the final hour.

package/src/lang/es/index.ts

@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ function renderHourRange(
   plan: Extract<PlanNode, {kind: 'hourRange'}>,
   opts: Opts
 ): string {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
 
   if (plan.minuteForm === 'wildcard') {
     return 'cada minuto ' + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
@@ -558,6 +558,15 @@ function renderHourStep(
     trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 
+// The hour-range plan as a window whose closing minute honors `boundMinute`:
+// a bare close (`null`) lands on the top of the final hour (minute 0),
+// matching the minute-0 baseline, with the minutes stated separately.
+function boundedWindow(
+  plan: Extract<PlanNode, {kind: 'hourRange'}>
+): {from: number; to: number; last: number} {
+  return {from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to};
+}
+
 // "de las 9:00 a las 17:45": a window from the top of the first hour to
 // the minute field's last fire within the final hour.
 function hourWindow(

package/src/lang/fi/index.ts

@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ function renderHourRange(
   plan: Extract<PlanNode, {kind: 'hourRange'}>,
   opts: NormalizedOptions
 ): string {
-  const window = hourWindow(plan, opts);
+  const window = hourWindow(boundedWindow(plan), opts);
 
   if (plan.minuteForm === 'wildcard') {
     return 'joka minuutti ' + window + trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
@@ -726,6 +726,16 @@ function renderHourStep(
     trailingQualifier(ir, opts);
 }
 
+// The hour-range plan as a window whose closing minute honors `boundMinute`:
+// a bare close (`null`) lands on the top of the final hour (minute 0), so
+// `kloRange` renders the bare "klo 9–17" form, with the minutes stated
+// separately; a single fire or wildcard names an exact closing minute.
+function boundedWindow(
+  plan: Extract<PlanNode, {kind: 'hourRange'}>
+): HourWindow {
+  return {from: plan.from, last: plan.boundMinute ?? 0, to: plan.to};
+}
+
 // "klo 9.00–17.45": a window from the top of the first hour to the
 // minute field's last fire within the final hour.
 function hourWindow(window: HourWindow, opts: NormalizedOptions): string {

package/src/lang/zh/index.ts

@@ -423,19 +423,17 @@ function composeSecondsOnHour(ir: IR, plan: PlanNode, opts: Opts): string {
   const {rest} = plan as Extract<PlanNode, {kind: 'composeSeconds'}>;
   const restText = render(ir, rest, opts);
 
-  if (rest.kind === 'everyHour') {
-    return sec + '，每小时';
-  }
-
-  if (rest.kind === 'hourStep') {
-    return sec + '，' + restText;
-  }
-
   if ((rest.kind === 'clockTimes' || rest.kind === 'compactClockTimes') &&
     isDaily(ir)) {
     return '每天' + restText + sec;
   }
 
+  // A stated minute (e.g. minute 0 under a sub-minute second) takes the same
+  // "，" connector the listed-minute path uses.
+  if (rest.kind === 'singleMinute') {
+    return restText + '，' + sec;
+  }
+
   return restText + sec;
 }
 
@@ -460,10 +458,12 @@ function composeSecondsCadence(ir: IR): string {
 }
 
 // Listed/ranged minute: "每小时<minutes>，每秒", confined by any hour frame.
+// A minute list or range under an hour range closes on the bare hour frame
+// ("在9点至17点之间"), stating its minutes separately, rather than gluing its
+// last fire onto the window end ("…17点30分") and reading as a continuous span.
 function composeSecondsListed(ir: IR): string {
   const sec = secondClause(ir);
   const minutes = '每小时' + valueList(fieldSegments(ir, 'minute'), '分');
-  const minuteSegs = fieldSegments(ir, 'minute');
 
   if (ir.shapes.hour === 'wildcard') {
     return minutes + '，' + sec;
@@ -474,16 +474,6 @@ function composeSecondsListed(ir: IR): string {
       minutes + '，' + sec;
   }
 
-  // A minute range under an hour range folds into the window end ("…17点30分").
-  if (ir.shapes.hour === 'range' && minuteSegs.length === 1 &&
-    minuteSegs[0].kind === 'range') {
-    const [from, to] = (fieldSegments(ir, 'hour')[0] as
-      Extract<Segment, {kind: 'range'}>).bounds;
-
-    return '在' + hourWord(+from) + '至' + to + '点' +
-      minuteSegs[0].bounds[1] + '分之间，' + sec;
-  }
-
   return hourFrame(ir) + minutes + '，' + sec;
 }
 

package/types/core/ir.d.ts

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ export type PlanNode = {
     from: number;
     to: number;
     last: number;
+    boundMinute: number | null;
     minuteForm: 'lead' | 'wildcard' | 'range';
 } | {
     kind: 'hourStep';