create-prisma-php-app 1.28.8 → 2.0.0-alpha.1

package/dist/bootstrap.php

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
-if (session_status() == PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
+if (session_status() === PHP_SESSION_NONE) {
     session_start();
 }
 
@@ -17,793 +17,781 @@ use Lib\Middleware\AuthMiddleware;
 use Lib\Auth\Auth;
 use Lib\MainLayout;
 use Lib\PHPX\TemplateCompiler;
+use Lib\CacheHandler;
+use Lib\ErrorHandler;
 
-$dotenv = Dotenv::createImmutable(\DOCUMENT_PATH);
-$dotenv->load();
+final class Bootstrap
+{
+    public static string $contentToInclude = '';
+    public static array $layoutsToInclude = [];
+    public static string $requestFilePath = '';
+    public static string $parentLayoutPath = '';
+    public static bool $isParentLayout = false;
+    public static bool $isContentIncluded = false;
+    public static bool $isChildContentIncluded = false;
+    public static bool $isContentVariableIncluded = false;
+    public static bool $secondRequestC69CD = false;
+    public static array $requestFilesData = [];
+
+    private static array $fileExistCache = [];
+    private static array $regexCache = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Main entry point to run the entire routing and rendering logic.
+     */
+    public static function run(): void
+    {
+        // Load environment variables
+        Dotenv::createImmutable(DOCUMENT_PATH)->load();
 
-PrismaPHPSettings::init();
-Request::init();
-StateManager::init();
+        // Set timezone
+        date_default_timezone_set($_ENV['APP_TIMEZONE'] ?? 'UTC');
 
-date_default_timezone_set($_ENV['APP_TIMEZONE'] ?? 'UTC');
+        // Initialize essential classes
+        PrismaPHPSettings::init();
+        Request::init();
+        StateManager::init();
 
-function determineContentToInclude()
-{
-    /** 
-     * ============ URI Handling ============ 
-     * The $requestUri variable now contains the full URI including query parameters. 
-     * Examples: 
-     * - Home page: '/' 
-     * - Dynamic routes with parameters (e.g., '/dashboard?v=2' or '/profile?id=5') 
-     * ======================================
-     */
-    $requestUri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
-    $requestUri = empty($_SERVER['SCRIPT_URL']) ? trim(uriExtractor($requestUri)) : trim($requestUri);
-    /** 
-     * ============ URI Path Handling ============ 
-     * The $uri variable now contains the URI path without query parameters and without the leading slash. 
-     * Examples: 
-     * - Home page: '' (empty string) 
-     * - Dynamic routes (e.g., '/dashboard?v=2' or '/profile?id=5') -> Only the path part is returned (e.g., 'dashboard' or 'profile'), without the query parameters. 
-     * ============================================
-     */
-    $scriptUrl = explode('?', $requestUri, 2)[0];
-    $pathname = $_SERVER['SCRIPT_URL'] ?? $scriptUrl;
-    $pathname = trim($pathname, '/');
-    $baseDir = APP_PATH;
-    $includePath = '';
-    $layoutsToInclude = [];
-
-    /** 
-     * ============ Middleware Management ============
-     * AuthMiddleware is invoked to handle authentication logic for the current route ($pathname).
-     * ================================================
-     */
-    AuthMiddleware::handle($pathname);
-    /** 
-     * ============ End of Middleware Management ======
-     * ================================================
-     */
+        // Register custom handlers (exception, shutdown, error)
+        ErrorHandler::registerHandlers();
+
+        // Set a local store key as a cookie (before any output)
+        setcookie("pphp_local_store_key", PrismaPHPSettings::$localStoreKey, time() + 3600, "/", "", false, false);
+
+        $contentInfo = self::determineContentToInclude();
+        self::$contentToInclude = $contentInfo['path'] ?? '';
+        self::$layoutsToInclude = $contentInfo['layouts'] ?? [];
+
+        Request::$pathname = $contentInfo['pathname'] ? '/' . $contentInfo['pathname'] : '/';
+        Request::$uri = $contentInfo['uri'] ? $contentInfo['uri'] : '/';
+
+        if (is_file(self::$contentToInclude)) {
+            Request::$fileToInclude = basename(self::$contentToInclude);
+        }
+
+        if (self::fileExistsCached(self::$contentToInclude)) {
+            Request::$fileToInclude = basename(self::$contentToInclude);
+        }
+
+        self::checkForDuplicateRoutes();
+        self::authenticateUserToken();
+
+        self::$requestFilePath = APP_PATH . Request::$pathname;
+        self::$parentLayoutPath = APP_PATH . '/layout.php';
+
+        self::$isParentLayout = !empty(self::$layoutsToInclude)
+            && strpos(self::$layoutsToInclude[0], 'src/app/layout.php') !== false;
 
-    $isDirectAccessToPrivateRoute = preg_match('/_/', $pathname);
-    if ($isDirectAccessToPrivateRoute) {
-        $sameSiteFetch = false;
-        $serverFetchSite = $_SERVER['HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE'] ?? '';
-        if (isset($serverFetchSite) && $serverFetchSite === 'same-origin') {
-            $sameSiteFetch = true;
+        self::$isContentVariableIncluded = self::containsChildren(self::$parentLayoutPath);
+        if (!self::$isContentVariableIncluded) {
+            self::$isContentIncluded = true;
         }
 
-        if (!$sameSiteFetch) {
-            return ['path' => $includePath, 'layouts' => $layoutsToInclude, 'pathname' => $pathname, 'uri' => $requestUri];
+        self::$secondRequestC69CD = Request::$data['secondRequestC69CD'] ?? false;
+        self::$requestFilesData = PrismaPHPSettings::$includeFiles;
+
+        // Detect any fatal error that might have occurred before hitting this point
+        ErrorHandler::checkFatalError();
+    }
+
+    private static function fileExistsCached(string $path): bool
+    {
+        if (!isset(self::$fileExistCache[$path])) {
+            self::$fileExistCache[$path] = file_exists($path);
         }
+        return self::$fileExistCache[$path];
     }
 
-    if ($pathname) {
-        $groupFolder = findGroupFolder($pathname);
-        if ($groupFolder) {
-            $path = __DIR__ . $groupFolder;
-            if (file_exists($path)) {
-                $includePath = $path;
+    private static function pregMatchCached(string $pattern, string $subject): bool
+    {
+        $cacheKey = md5($pattern . $subject);
+        if (!isset(self::$regexCache[$cacheKey])) {
+            self::$regexCache[$cacheKey] = preg_match($pattern, $subject) === 1;
+        }
+        return self::$regexCache[$cacheKey];
+    }
+
+    private static function determineContentToInclude(): array
+    {
+        $requestUri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
+        $requestUri = empty($_SERVER['SCRIPT_URL']) ? trim(self::uriExtractor($requestUri)) : trim($requestUri);
+
+        // Without query params
+        $scriptUrl = explode('?', $requestUri, 2)[0];
+        $pathname = $_SERVER['SCRIPT_URL'] ?? $scriptUrl;
+        $pathname = trim($pathname, '/');
+        $baseDir = APP_PATH;
+        $includePath = '';
+        $layoutsToInclude = [];
+
+        /** 
+         * ============ Middleware Management ============
+         * AuthMiddleware is invoked to handle authentication logic for the current route ($pathname).
+         * ================================================
+         */
+        AuthMiddleware::handle($pathname);
+        /** 
+         * ============ End of Middleware Management ======
+         * ================================================
+         */
+
+        // e.g., avoid direct access to _private files
+        $isDirectAccessToPrivateRoute = preg_match('/_/', $pathname);
+        if ($isDirectAccessToPrivateRoute) {
+            $sameSiteFetch = false;
+            $serverFetchSite = $_SERVER['HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE'] ?? '';
+            if (isset($serverFetchSite) && $serverFetchSite === 'same-origin') {
+                $sameSiteFetch = true;
+            }
+
+            if (!$sameSiteFetch) {
+                return [
+                    'path' => $includePath,
+                    'layouts' => $layoutsToInclude,
+                    'pathname' => $pathname,
+                    'uri' => $requestUri
+                ];
             }
         }
 
-        if (empty($includePath)) {
-            $dynamicRoute = dynamicRoute($pathname);
-            if ($dynamicRoute) {
-                $path = __DIR__ . $dynamicRoute;
-                if (file_exists($path)) {
+        // Find matching route
+        if ($pathname) {
+            $groupFolder = self::findGroupFolder($pathname);
+            if ($groupFolder) {
+                $path = __DIR__ . $groupFolder;
+                if (self::fileExistsCached($path)) {
                     $includePath = $path;
                 }
             }
-        }
-
-        $currentPath = $baseDir;
-        $getGroupFolder = getGroupFolder($groupFolder);
-        $modifiedPathname = $pathname;
-        if (!empty($getGroupFolder)) {
-            $modifiedPathname = trim($getGroupFolder, "/src/app/");
-        }
 
-        foreach (explode('/', $modifiedPathname) as $segment) {
-            if (empty($segment)) continue;
+            if (empty($includePath)) {
+                $dynamicRoute = self::dynamicRoute($pathname);
+                if ($dynamicRoute) {
+                    $path = __DIR__ . $dynamicRoute;
+                    if (self::fileExistsCached($path)) {
+                        $includePath = $path;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
 
-            $currentPath .= '/' . $segment;
-            $potentialLayoutPath = $currentPath . '/layout.php';
-            if (file_exists($potentialLayoutPath) && !in_array($potentialLayoutPath, $layoutsToInclude)) {
-                $layoutsToInclude[] = $potentialLayoutPath;
+            // Check for layout hierarchy
+            $currentPath = $baseDir;
+            $getGroupFolder = self::getGroupFolder($groupFolder);
+            $modifiedPathname = $pathname;
+            if (!empty($getGroupFolder)) {
+                $modifiedPathname = trim($getGroupFolder, "/src/app/");
             }
-        }
 
-        if (isset($dynamicRoute)) {
-            $currentDynamicPath = $baseDir;
-            foreach (explode('/', $dynamicRoute) as $segment) {
-                if (empty($segment)) continue;
+            foreach (explode('/', $modifiedPathname) as $segment) {
+                if (empty($segment)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
 
-                if ($segment === 'src' || $segment === 'app') continue;
+                $currentPath .= '/' . $segment;
+                $potentialLayoutPath = $currentPath . '/layout.php';
+                if (self::fileExistsCached($potentialLayoutPath) && !in_array($potentialLayoutPath, $layoutsToInclude, true)) {
+                    $layoutsToInclude[] = $potentialLayoutPath;
+                }
+            }
 
-                $currentDynamicPath .= '/' . $segment;
-                $potentialDynamicRoute = $currentDynamicPath . '/layout.php';
-                if (file_exists($potentialDynamicRoute) && !in_array($potentialDynamicRoute, $layoutsToInclude)) {
-                    $layoutsToInclude[] = $potentialDynamicRoute;
+            // If it was a dynamic route, we also check for any relevant layout
+            if (isset($dynamicRoute) && !empty($dynamicRoute)) {
+                $currentDynamicPath = $baseDir;
+                foreach (explode('/', $dynamicRoute) as $segment) {
+                    if (empty($segment)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if ($segment === 'src' || $segment === 'app') {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    $currentDynamicPath .= '/' . $segment;
+                    $potentialDynamicRoute = $currentDynamicPath . '/layout.php';
+                    if (self::fileExistsCached($potentialDynamicRoute) && !in_array($potentialDynamicRoute, $layoutsToInclude, true)) {
+                        $layoutsToInclude[] = $potentialDynamicRoute;
+                    }
                 }
             }
-        }
 
-        if (empty($layoutsToInclude)) {
-            $layoutsToInclude[] = $baseDir . '/layout.php';
+            // If still no layout, fallback to the app-level layout.php
+            if (empty($layoutsToInclude)) {
+                $layoutsToInclude[] = $baseDir . '/layout.php';
+            }
+        } else {
+            // If path is empty, we’re basically at "/"
+            $includePath = $baseDir . self::getFilePrecedence();
         }
-    } else {
-        $includePath = $baseDir . getFilePrecedence();
-    }
 
-    return ['path' => $includePath, 'layouts' => $layoutsToInclude, 'pathname' => $pathname, 'uri' => $requestUri];
-}
+        return [
+            'path' => $includePath,
+            'layouts' => $layoutsToInclude,
+            'pathname' => $pathname,
+            'uri' => $requestUri
+        ];
+    }
 
-function getFilePrecedence()
-{
-    foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
-        // Check if the file has a .php extension
-        if (pathinfo($route, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
-            continue; // Skip files that are not PHP files
+    private static function getFilePrecedence(): ?string
+    {
+        foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
+            if (pathinfo($route, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^\.\/src\/app\/route\.php$/', $route)) {
+                return '/route.php';
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^\.\/src\/app\/index\.php$/', $route)) {
+                return '/index.php';
+            }
         }
+        return null;
+    }
 
-        // Check for route.php first
-        if (preg_match('/^\.\/src\/app\/route\.php$/', $route)) {
-            return '/route.php';
+    private static function uriExtractor(string $scriptUrl): string
+    {
+        $projectName = PrismaPHPSettings::$option->projectName ?? '';
+        if (empty($projectName)) {
+            return "/";
         }
 
-        // If route.php is not found, check for index.php
-        if (preg_match('/^\.\/src\/app\/index\.php$/', $route)) {
-            return '/index.php';
+        $escapedIdentifier = preg_quote($projectName, '/');
+        if (preg_match("/(?:.*$escapedIdentifier)(\/.*)$/", $scriptUrl, $matches) && !empty($matches[1])) {
+            return rtrim(ltrim($matches[1], '/'), '/');
         }
-    }
-
-    // If neither file is found, return null
-    return null;
-}
 
-function uriExtractor(string $scriptUrl): string
-{
-    $projectName = PrismaPHPSettings::$option->projectName ?? '';
-    if (empty($projectName)) {
         return "/";
     }
 
-    $escapedIdentifier = preg_quote($projectName, '/');
-    if (preg_match("/(?:.*$escapedIdentifier)(\/.*)$/", $scriptUrl, $matches) && !empty($matches[1])) {
-        return rtrim(ltrim($matches[1], '/'), '/');
-    }
-
-    return "/";
-}
-
-function findGroupFolder($pathname): string
-{
-    $pathnameSegments = explode('/', $pathname);
-    foreach ($pathnameSegments as $segment) {
-        if (!empty($segment)) {
-            if (isGroupIdentifier($segment)) {
+    private static function findGroupFolder(string $pathname): string
+    {
+        $pathnameSegments = explode('/', $pathname);
+        foreach ($pathnameSegments as $segment) {
+            if (!empty($segment) && self::pregMatchCached('/^\(.*\)$/', $segment)) {
                 return $segment;
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    $matchedGroupFolder = matchGroupFolder($pathname);
-    if ($matchedGroupFolder) {
-        return $matchedGroupFolder;
-    } else {
-        return '';
+        return self::matchGroupFolder($pathname) ?: '';
     }
-}
 
-function dynamicRoute($pathname)
-{
-    $pathnameMatch = null;
-    $normalizedPathname = ltrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $pathname), './');
-    $normalizedPathnameEdited = "src/app/$normalizedPathname";
-    $pathnameSegments = explode('/', $normalizedPathnameEdited);
+    private static function dynamicRoute($pathname)
+    {
+        $pathnameMatch = null;
+        $normalizedPathname = ltrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $pathname), './');
+        $normalizedPathnameEdited = "src/app/$normalizedPathname";
+        $pathnameSegments = explode('/', $normalizedPathnameEdited);
 
-    foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
-        $normalizedRoute = trim(str_replace('\\', '/', $route), '.');
+        foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
+            $normalizedRoute = trim(str_replace('\\', '/', $route), '.');
 
-        // Skip non-.php files to improve performance
-        if (pathinfo($normalizedRoute, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
-            continue;
-        }
+            if (pathinfo($normalizedRoute, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
+                continue;
+            }
 
-        $routeSegments = explode('/', ltrim($normalizedRoute, '/'));
+            $routeSegments = explode('/', ltrim($normalizedRoute, '/'));
 
-        $filteredRouteSegments = array_values(array_filter($routeSegments, function ($segment) {
-            return !preg_match('/\(.+\)/', $segment); // Skip segments with parentheses (groups)
-        }));
+            $filteredRouteSegments = array_values(array_filter($routeSegments, function ($segment) {
+                return !preg_match('/\(.+\)/', $segment);
+            }));
 
-        $singleDynamic = preg_match_all('/\[[^\]]+\]/', $normalizedRoute, $matches) === 1 && strpos($normalizedRoute, '[...') === false;
+            $singleDynamic = (preg_match_all('/\[[^\]]+\]/', $normalizedRoute, $matches) === 1)
+                && strpos($normalizedRoute, '[...') === false;
+            $routeCount = count($filteredRouteSegments);
+            if (in_array(end($filteredRouteSegments), ['index.php', 'route.php'])) {
+                $expectedSegmentCount = $routeCount - 1;
+            } else {
+                $expectedSegmentCount = $routeCount;
+            }
 
-        if ($singleDynamic) {
-            $segmentMatch = singleDynamicRoute($pathnameSegments, $filteredRouteSegments);
-            $index = array_search($segmentMatch, $filteredRouteSegments);
+            if ($singleDynamic) {
+                if (count($pathnameSegments) !== $expectedSegmentCount) {
+                    continue;
+                }
 
-            if ($index !== false && isset($pathnameSegments[$index])) {
-                $trimSegmentMatch = trim($segmentMatch, '[]');
-                Request::$dynamicParams = new \ArrayObject([$trimSegmentMatch => $pathnameSegments[$index]], \ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS);
+                $segmentMatch = self::singleDynamicRoute($pathnameSegments, $filteredRouteSegments);
+                $index = array_search($segmentMatch, $filteredRouteSegments);
 
-                $dynamicRoutePathname = str_replace($segmentMatch, $pathnameSegments[$index], $normalizedRoute);
-                $dynamicRoutePathname = preg_replace('/\(.+\)/', '', $dynamicRoutePathname);
-                $dynamicRoutePathname = preg_replace('/\/+/', '/', $dynamicRoutePathname);
-                $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname = rtrim(dirname($dynamicRoutePathname), '/');
+                if ($index !== false && isset($pathnameSegments[$index])) {
+                    $trimSegmentMatch = trim($segmentMatch, '[]');
+                    Request::$dynamicParams = new ArrayObject(
+                        [$trimSegmentMatch => $pathnameSegments[$index]],
+                        ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS
+                    );
 
-                $expectedPathname = rtrim('/src/app/' . $normalizedPathname, '/');
+                    $dynamicRoutePathname = str_replace($segmentMatch, $pathnameSegments[$index], $normalizedRoute);
+                    $dynamicRoutePathname = preg_replace('/\(.+\)/', '', $dynamicRoutePathname);
+                    $dynamicRoutePathname = preg_replace('/\/+/', '/', $dynamicRoutePathname);
+                    $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname = rtrim(dirname($dynamicRoutePathname), '/');
 
-                if (strpos($normalizedRoute, 'route.php') !== false || strpos($normalizedRoute, 'index.php') !== false) {
-                    if ($expectedPathname === $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname) {
+                    $expectedPathname = rtrim('/src/app/' . $normalizedPathname, '/');
+
+                    if ((strpos($normalizedRoute, 'route.php') !== false || strpos($normalizedRoute, 'index.php') !== false)
+                        && $expectedPathname === $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname
+                    ) {
                         $pathnameMatch = $normalizedRoute;
                         break;
                     }
                 }
-            }
-        } elseif (strpos($normalizedRoute, '[...') !== false) {
-            // Clean and normalize the route
-            $cleanedNormalizedRoute = preg_replace('/\(.+\)/', '', $normalizedRoute);
-            $cleanedNormalizedRoute = preg_replace('/\/+/', '/', $cleanedNormalizedRoute);
-            $dynamicSegmentRoute = preg_replace('/\[\.\.\..*?\].*/', '', $cleanedNormalizedRoute);
-
-            // Check if the normalized pathname starts with the cleaned route
-            if (strpos("/src/app/$normalizedPathname", $dynamicSegmentRoute) === 0) {
-                $trimmedPathname = str_replace($dynamicSegmentRoute, '', "/src/app/$normalizedPathname");
-                $pathnameParts = explode('/', trim($trimmedPathname, '/'));
-
-                // Extract the dynamic segment content
-                if (preg_match('/\[\.\.\.(.*?)\]/', $normalizedRoute, $matches)) {
-                    $dynamicParam = $matches[1];
-                    Request::$dynamicParams = new \ArrayObject([$dynamicParam => $pathnameParts], \ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS);
+            } elseif (strpos($normalizedRoute, '[...') !== false) {
+                if (count($pathnameSegments) <= $expectedSegmentCount) {
+                    continue;
                 }
 
-                // Check for 'route.php'
-                if (strpos($normalizedRoute, 'route.php') !== false) {
-                    $pathnameMatch = $normalizedRoute;
-                    break;
-                }
+                $cleanedNormalizedRoute = preg_replace('/\(.+\)/', '', $normalizedRoute);
+                $cleanedNormalizedRoute = preg_replace('/\/+/', '/', $cleanedNormalizedRoute);
+                $dynamicSegmentRoute = preg_replace('/\[\.\.\..*?\].*/', '', $cleanedNormalizedRoute);
+
+                if (strpos("/src/app/$normalizedPathname", $dynamicSegmentRoute) === 0) {
+                    $trimmedPathname = str_replace($dynamicSegmentRoute, '', "/src/app/$normalizedPathname");
+                    $pathnameParts = explode('/', trim($trimmedPathname, '/'));
+
+                    if (preg_match('/\[\.\.\.(.*?)\]/', $normalizedRoute, $matches)) {
+                        $dynamicParam = $matches[1];
+                        Request::$dynamicParams = new ArrayObject(
+                            [$dynamicParam => $pathnameParts],
+                            ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    if (strpos($normalizedRoute, 'route.php') !== false) {
+                        $pathnameMatch = $normalizedRoute;
+                        break;
+                    }
 
-                // Handle matching routes ending with 'index.php'
-                if (strpos($normalizedRoute, 'index.php') !== false) {
-                    $segmentMatch = "[...$dynamicParam]";
-                    $index = array_search($segmentMatch, $filteredRouteSegments);
+                    if (strpos($normalizedRoute, 'index.php') !== false) {
+                        $segmentMatch = "[...$dynamicParam]";
+                        $index = array_search($segmentMatch, $filteredRouteSegments);
 
-                    if ($index !== false && isset($pathnameSegments[$index])) {
-                        // Generate the dynamic pathname
-                        $dynamicRoutePathname = str_replace($segmentMatch, implode('/', $pathnameParts), $cleanedNormalizedRoute);
-                        $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname = rtrim(dirname($dynamicRoutePathname), '/');
+                        if ($index !== false && isset($pathnameSegments[$index])) {
+                            $dynamicRoutePathname = str_replace($segmentMatch, implode('/', $pathnameParts), $cleanedNormalizedRoute);
+                            $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname = rtrim(dirname($dynamicRoutePathname), '/');
 
-                        $expectedPathname = rtrim("/src/app/$normalizedPathname", '/');
+                            $expectedPathname = rtrim("/src/app/$normalizedPathname", '/');
 
-                        // Compare the expected and dynamic pathname
-                        if ($expectedPathname === $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname) {
-                            $pathnameMatch = $normalizedRoute;
-                            break;
+                            if ($expectedPathname === $dynamicRoutePathnameDirname) {
+                                $pathnameMatch = $normalizedRoute;
+                                break;
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
-    }
-
-    return $pathnameMatch;
-}
 
-function isGroupIdentifier($segment): bool
-{
-    return (bool)preg_match('/^\(.*\)$/', $segment);
-}
-
-function matchGroupFolder($constructedPath): ?string
-{
-    $bestMatch = null;
-    $normalizedConstructedPath = ltrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $constructedPath), './');
+        return $pathnameMatch;
+    }
 
-    $routeFile = "/src/app/$normalizedConstructedPath/route.php";
-    $indexFile = "/src/app/$normalizedConstructedPath/index.php";
+    private static function matchGroupFolder(string $constructedPath): ?string
+    {
+        $bestMatch = null;
+        $normalizedConstructedPath = ltrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $constructedPath), './');
+        $routeFile = "/src/app/$normalizedConstructedPath/route.php";
+        $indexFile = "/src/app/$normalizedConstructedPath/index.php";
 
-    foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
-        if (pathinfo($route, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
-            continue;
+        foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
+            if (pathinfo($route, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            $normalizedRoute = trim(str_replace('\\', '/', $route), '.');
+            $cleanedRoute = preg_replace('/\/\([^)]+\)/', '', $normalizedRoute);
+
+            if ($cleanedRoute === $routeFile) {
+                $bestMatch = $normalizedRoute;
+                break;
+            } elseif ($cleanedRoute === $indexFile && !$bestMatch) {
+                $bestMatch = $normalizedRoute;
+            }
         }
 
-        $normalizedRoute = trim(str_replace('\\', '/', $route), '.');
-
-        $cleanedRoute = preg_replace('/\/\([^)]+\)/', '', $normalizedRoute);
-        if ($cleanedRoute === $routeFile) {
-            $bestMatch = $normalizedRoute;
-            break;
-        } elseif ($cleanedRoute === $indexFile && !$bestMatch) {
-            $bestMatch = $normalizedRoute;
-        }
+        return $bestMatch;
     }
 
-    return $bestMatch;
-}
+    private static function getGroupFolder($pathname): string
+    {
+        $lastSlashPos = strrpos($pathname, '/');
+        if ($lastSlashPos === false) {
+            return "";
+        }
 
-function getGroupFolder($pathname): string
-{
-    $lastSlashPos = strrpos($pathname, '/');
+        $pathWithoutFile = substr($pathname, 0, $lastSlashPos);
+        if (preg_match('/\(([^)]+)\)[^()]*$/', $pathWithoutFile, $matches)) {
+            return $pathWithoutFile;
+        }
 
-    if ($lastSlashPos === false) {
         return "";
     }
 
-    $pathWithoutFile = substr($pathname, 0, $lastSlashPos);
-
-    if (preg_match('/\(([^)]+)\)[^()]*$/', $pathWithoutFile, $matches)) {
-        return $pathWithoutFile;
-    }
-
-    return "";
-}
-
-function singleDynamicRoute($pathnameSegments, $routeSegments)
-{
-    $segmentMatch = "";
-    foreach ($routeSegments as $index => $segment) {
-        if (preg_match('/^\[[^\]]+\]$/', $segment)) {
-            return "{$segment}";
-        } else {
-            if ($segment !== $pathnameSegments[$index]) {
-                return $segmentMatch;
+    private static function singleDynamicRoute($pathnameSegments, $routeSegments)
+    {
+        $segmentMatch = "";
+        foreach ($routeSegments as $index => $segment) {
+            if (preg_match('/^\[[^\]]+\]$/', $segment)) {
+                return $segment;
+            } else {
+                if (!isset($pathnameSegments[$index]) || $segment !== $pathnameSegments[$index]) {
+                    return $segmentMatch;
+                }
             }
         }
+        return $segmentMatch;
     }
-    return $segmentMatch;
-}
 
-function checkForDuplicateRoutes()
-{
-    if (isset($_ENV['APP_ENV']) && $_ENV['APP_ENV'] === 'production') return;
-
-    $normalizedRoutesMap = [];
-    foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
-        if (pathinfo($route, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
-            continue;
+    private static function checkForDuplicateRoutes(): void
+    {
+        // Skip checks in production
+        if (isset($_ENV['APP_ENV']) && $_ENV['APP_ENV'] === 'production') {
+            return;
         }
 
-        $routeWithoutGroups = preg_replace('/\(.*?\)/', '', $route);
-        $routeTrimmed = ltrim($routeWithoutGroups, '.\\/');
-        $routeTrimmed = preg_replace('#/{2,}#', '/', $routeTrimmed);
-        $routeTrimmed = preg_replace('#\\\\{2,}#', '\\', $routeTrimmed);
-        $routeNormalized = str_replace(['\\', '/'], DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $routeTrimmed);
-        $normalizedRoutesMap[$routeNormalized][] = $route;
-    }
+        $normalizedRoutesMap = [];
+        foreach (PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles as $route) {
+            if (pathinfo($route, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) !== 'php') {
+                continue;
+            }
 
-    $errorMessages = [];
-    foreach ($normalizedRoutesMap as $normalizedRoute => $originalRoutes) {
-        $basename = basename($normalizedRoute);
-        if ($basename === 'layout.php') continue;
+            $routeWithoutGroups = preg_replace('/\(.*?\)/', '', $route);
+            $routeTrimmed = ltrim($routeWithoutGroups, '.\\/');
+            $routeTrimmed = preg_replace('#/{2,}#', '/', $routeTrimmed);
+            $routeTrimmed = preg_replace('#\\\\{2,}#', '\\', $routeTrimmed);
+            $routeNormalized = str_replace(['\\', '/'], DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $routeTrimmed);
 
-        if (count($originalRoutes) > 1 && strpos($normalizedRoute, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) !== false) {
-            if ($basename !== 'route.php' && $basename !== 'index.php') continue;
+            $normalizedRoutesMap[$routeNormalized][] = $route;
+        }
 
-            $errorMessages[] = "Duplicate route found after normalization: " . $normalizedRoute;
+        $errorMessages = [];
+        foreach ($normalizedRoutesMap as $normalizedRoute => $originalRoutes) {
+            $basename = basename($normalizedRoute);
+            if ($basename === 'layout.php') {
+                continue;
+            }
 
-            foreach ($originalRoutes as $originalRoute) {
-                $errorMessages[] = "- Grouped original route: " . $originalRoute;
+            if (
+                count($originalRoutes) > 1 &&
+                strpos($normalizedRoute, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) !== false
+            ) {
+                if ($basename !== 'route.php' && $basename !== 'index.php') {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                $errorMessages[] = "Duplicate route found after normalization: " . $normalizedRoute;
+                foreach ($originalRoutes as $originalRoute) {
+                    $errorMessages[] = "- Grouped original route: " . $originalRoute;
+                }
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    if (!empty($errorMessages)) {
-        if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-            $errorMessageString = implode("\n", $errorMessages);
-        } else {
-            $errorMessageString = implode("<br>", $errorMessages);
+        if (!empty($errorMessages)) {
+            $errorMessageString = self::isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()
+                ? implode("\n", $errorMessages)
+                : implode("<br>", $errorMessages);
+
+            ErrorHandler::modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorMessageString);
         }
-        modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorMessageString);
     }
-}
-
-function containsChildLayoutChildren($filePath)
-{
-    $fileContent = file_get_contents($filePath);
 
-    // Updated regular expression to match MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren
-    $pattern = '/\<\?=\s*MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren\s*;?\s*\?>|echo\s*MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren\s*;?/';
+    public static function containsChildLayoutChildren($filePath): bool
+    {
+        if (!self::fileExistsCached($filePath)) {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-    // Return true if MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren variables are found, false otherwise
-    return preg_match($pattern, $fileContent) === 1;
-}
+        $fileContent = @file_get_contents($filePath);
+        if ($fileContent === false) {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-function containsChildren($filePath)
-{
-    $fileContent = file_get_contents($filePath);
+        // Check usage of MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren
+        $pattern = '/\<\?=\s*MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren\s*;?\s*\?>|echo\s*MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren\s*;?/';
+        return (bool) preg_match($pattern, $fileContent);
+    }
 
-    // Updated regular expression to match MainLayout::$children
-    $pattern = '/\<\?=\s*MainLayout::\$children\s*;?\s*\?>|echo\s*MainLayout::\$children\s*;?/';
-    // Return true if the new content variables are found, false otherwise
-    return preg_match($pattern, $fileContent) === 1;
-}
+    private static function containsChildren($filePath): bool
+    {
+        if (!self::fileExistsCached($filePath)) {
+            return false;
+        }
 
-function convertToArrayObject($data)
-{
-    if (is_array($data)) {
-        $arrayObject = new \ArrayObject([], \ArrayObject::ARRAY_AS_PROPS);
-        foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
-            $arrayObject[$key] = convertToArrayObject($value);
+        $fileContent = @file_get_contents($filePath);
+        if ($fileContent === false) {
+            return false;
         }
-        return $arrayObject;
-    }
-    return $data;
-}
 
-function wireCallback()
-{
-    try {
-        // Initialize response
-        $response = [
-            'success' => false,
-            'error' => 'Callback not provided',
-            'data' => null
-        ];
+        // Check usage of MainLayout::$children
+        $pattern = '/\<\?=\s*MainLayout::\$children\s*;?\s*\?>|echo\s*MainLayout::\$children\s*;?/';
+        return (bool) preg_match($pattern, $fileContent);
+    }
 
-        $callbackResponse = null;
-        $data = [];
-
-        // Check if the request includes one or more files
-        $hasFile = isset($_FILES['file']) && !empty($_FILES['file']['name'][0]);
-
-        // Process form data
-        if ($hasFile) {
-            // Handle file upload, including multiple files
-            $data = $_POST; // Form data will be available in $_POST
-
-            if (is_array($_FILES['file']['name'])) {
-                // Multiple files uploaded
-                $files = [];
-                foreach ($_FILES['file']['name'] as $index => $name) {
-                    $files[] = [
-                        'name' => $name,
-                        'type' => $_FILES['file']['type'][$index],
-                        'tmp_name' => $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'][$index],
-                        'error' => $_FILES['file']['error'][$index],
-                        'size' => $_FILES['file']['size'][$index],
-                    ];
-                }
-                $data['files'] = $files;
-            } else {
-                // Single file uploaded
-                $data['file'] = $_FILES['file']; // Attach single file information to data
-            }
-        } else {
-            // Handle non-file form data (likely JSON)
-            $input = file_get_contents('php://input');
-            $data = json_decode($input, true);
+    private static function convertToArrayObject($data)
+    {
+        return is_array($data) ? (object) $data : $data;
+    }
 
-            if (json_last_error() !== JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
-                // Fallback to handle form data in POST (non-JSON)
-                $data = $_POST;
-            }
-        }
+    /**
+     * Used specifically for wire (AJAX) calls.
+     * Ends execution with JSON response.
+     */
+    public static function wireCallback()
+    {
+        try {
+            // Initialize response
+            $response = [
+                'success' => false,
+                'error' => 'Callback not provided',
+                'data' => null
+            ];
 
-        // Validate and call the dynamic function
-        if (isset($data['callback'])) {
-            // Sanitize and create a dynamic function name
-            $callbackName = preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/', '', $data['callback']); // Sanitize the callback name
+            $callbackResponse = null;
+            $data = [];
 
-            // Check if the dynamic function is defined and callable
-            if (function_exists($callbackName) && is_callable($callbackName)) {
-                $dataObject = convertToArrayObject($data);
+            // Check if the request includes one or more files
+            $hasFile = isset($_FILES['file']) && !empty($_FILES['file']['name'][0]);
 
-                // Call the function dynamically
-                $callbackResponse = call_user_func($callbackName, $dataObject);
+            // Process form data
+            if ($hasFile) {
+                $data = $_POST;
 
-                // Handle different types of responses
-                if (is_string($callbackResponse) || is_bool($callbackResponse)) {
-                    // Prepare success response
-                    $response = [
-                        'success' => true,
-                        'response' => $callbackResponse
-                    ];
+                if (is_array($_FILES['file']['name'])) {
+                    $files = [];
+                    foreach ($_FILES['file']['name'] as $index => $name) {
+                        $files[] = [
+                            'name' => $name,
+                            'type' => $_FILES['file']['type'][$index],
+                            'tmp_name' => $_FILES['file']['tmp_name'][$index],
+                            'error' => $_FILES['file']['error'][$index],
+                            'size' => $_FILES['file']['size'][$index],
+                        ];
+                    }
+                    $data['files'] = $files;
                 } else {
-                    // Handle non-string, non-boolean responses
-                    $response = [
-                        'success' => true,
-                        'response' => $callbackResponse
-                    ];
+                    $data['file'] = $_FILES['file'];
                 }
             } else {
-                if ($callbackName === 'appState_59E13') {
-                    $response = [
-                        'success' => true,
-                        'response' => 'localStorage updated'
-                    ];
+                $input = file_get_contents('php://input');
+                $data = json_decode($input, true);
+
+                if (json_last_error() !== JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
+                    $data = $_POST;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Validate and call the dynamic function
+            if (isset($data['callback'])) {
+                $callbackName = preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/', '', $data['callback']);
+
+                if (function_exists($callbackName) && is_callable($callbackName)) {
+                    $dataObject = self::convertToArrayObject($data);
+                    // Call the function
+                    $callbackResponse = call_user_func($callbackName, $dataObject);
+
+                    if (is_string($callbackResponse) || is_bool($callbackResponse)) {
+                        $response = [
+                            'success' => true,
+                            'response' => $callbackResponse
+                        ];
+                    } else {
+                        $response = [
+                            'success' => true,
+                            'response' => $callbackResponse
+                        ];
+                    }
                 } else {
-                    $response['error'] = 'Invalid callback';
+                    if ($callbackName === PrismaPHPSettings::$localStoreKey) {
+                        $response = [
+                            'success' => true,
+                            'response' => 'localStorage updated'
+                        ];
+                    } else {
+                        $response['error'] = 'Invalid callback';
+                    }
                 }
+            } else {
+                $response['error'] = 'No callback provided';
             }
-        } else {
-            $response['error'] = 'No callback provided';
-        }
 
-        // Output the JSON response only if the callbackResponse is not null
-        if ($callbackResponse !== null) {
-            echo json_encode($response);
-        } else {
-            if (isset($response['error'])) {
+            // Output the JSON response only if the callbackResponse is not null
+            if ($callbackResponse !== null || isset($response['error'])) {
                 echo json_encode($response);
             }
+        } catch (Throwable $e) {
+            $response = [
+                'success' => false,
+                'error' => 'Exception occurred',
+                'message' => htmlspecialchars($e->getMessage(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'),
+                'file' => htmlspecialchars($e->getFile(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'),
+                'line' => (int) $e->getLine()
+            ];
+
+            echo json_encode($response, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE);
         }
-    } catch (Throwable $e) {
-        // Handle any exceptions and prepare an error response
-        $response = [
-            'success' => false,
-            'error' => 'Exception occurred',
-            'message' => htmlspecialchars($e->getMessage(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'),
-            'file' => htmlspecialchars($e->getFile(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'),
-            'line' => $e->getLine()
-        ];
 
-        // Output the error response
-        echo json_encode($response);
+        exit;
     }
 
-    exit;
-}
+    public static function getLoadingsFiles(): string
+    {
+        // Gather all loading.php files
+        $loadingFiles = array_filter(PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles, function ($route) {
+            $normalizedRoute = str_replace('\\', '/', $route);
+            return preg_match('/\/loading\.php$/', $normalizedRoute);
+        });
 
-function getLoadingsFiles()
-{
-    $loadingFiles = array_filter(PrismaPHPSettings::$routeFiles, function ($route) {
-        $normalizedRoute = str_replace('\\', '/', $route);
-        return preg_match('/\/loading\.php$/', $normalizedRoute);
-    });
+        $haveLoadingFileContent = array_reduce($loadingFiles, function ($carry, $route) {
+            $normalizeUri = str_replace('\\', '/', $route);
+            $fileUrl = str_replace('./src/app', '', $normalizeUri);
+            $route = str_replace(['\\', './'], ['/', ''], $route);
 
-    $haveLoadingFileContent = array_reduce($loadingFiles, function ($carry, $route) {
-        $normalizeUri = str_replace('\\', '/', $route);
-        $fileUrl = str_replace('./src/app', '', $normalizeUri);
-        $route = str_replace(['\\', './'], ['/', ''], $route);
-
-        ob_start();
-        include($route);
-        $loadingContent = ob_get_clean();
+            ob_start();
+            include($route);
+            $loadingContent = ob_get_clean();
+
+            if ($loadingContent !== false) {
+                $url = $fileUrl === '/loading.php'
+                    ? '/'
+                    : str_replace('/loading.php', '', $fileUrl);
+                $carry .= '<div pp-loading-url="' . $url . '">' . $loadingContent . '</div>';
+            }
+            return $carry;
+        }, '');
 
-        if ($loadingContent !== false) {
-            $url = $fileUrl === '/loading.php' ? '/' : str_replace('/loading.php', '', $fileUrl);
-            $carry .= '<div pp-loading-url="' . $url . '">' . $loadingContent . '</div>';
+        if ($haveLoadingFileContent) {
+            return '<div style="display: none;" id="loading-file-1B87E">' . $haveLoadingFileContent . '</div>';
         }
-
-        return $carry;
-    }, '');
-
-    if ($haveLoadingFileContent) {
-        return '<div style="display: none;" id="loading-file-1B87E">' . $haveLoadingFileContent . '</div>';
+        return '';
     }
 
-    return '';
-}
-
-function modifyOutputLayoutForError($contentToAdd)
-{
-    $errorFile = APP_PATH . '/error.php';
-    $errorFileExists = file_exists($errorFile);
+    public static function createUpdateRequestData(): void
+    {
+        $requestJsonData = SETTINGS_PATH . '/request-data.json';
 
-    if ($_ENV['SHOW_ERRORS'] === "false") {
-        if ($errorFileExists) {
-            if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-                $contentToAdd = "An error occurred";
-            } else {
-                $contentToAdd = "<div class='error'>An error occurred</div>";
-            }
+        if (file_exists($requestJsonData)) {
+            $currentData = json_decode(file_get_contents($requestJsonData), true) ?? [];
         } else {
-            exit; // Exit if SHOW_ERRORS is false and no error file exists
+            $currentData = [];
         }
-    }
 
-    if ($errorFileExists) {
+        $includedFiles = get_included_files();
+        $srcAppFiles = [];
+        foreach ($includedFiles as $filename) {
+            if (strpos($filename, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'src' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'app' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) !== false) {
+                $srcAppFiles[] = $filename;
+            }
+        }
 
-        $errorContent = $contentToAdd;
+        $currentUrl = urldecode(Request::$uri);
 
-        if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-            header('Content-Type: application/json');
-            echo json_encode([
-                'success' => false,
-                'error' => $errorContent
-            ]);
-            http_response_code(403);
-        } else {
-            $layoutFile = APP_PATH . '/layout.php';
-            if (file_exists($layoutFile)) {
+        if (isset($currentData[$currentUrl])) {
+            $currentData[$currentUrl]['includedFiles'] = array_values(array_unique(
+                array_merge($currentData[$currentUrl]['includedFiles'], $srcAppFiles)
+            ));
 
-                ob_start();
-                require_once $errorFile;
-                MainLayout::$children = ob_get_clean();
-                require_once $layoutFile;
-            } else {
-                echo $errorContent;
+            if (!Request::$isWire && !self::$secondRequestC69CD) {
+                $currentData[$currentUrl]['isCacheable'] = CacheHandler::$isCacheable;
             }
-        }
-    } else {
-        if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-            header('Content-Type: application/json');
-            echo json_encode([
-                'success' => false,
-                'error' => $contentToAdd
-            ]);
-            http_response_code(403);
         } else {
-            echo $contentToAdd;
+            $currentData[$currentUrl] = [
+                'url'         => $currentUrl,
+                'fileName'    => self::convertUrlToFileName($currentUrl),
+                'isCacheable' => CacheHandler::$isCacheable,
+                'cacheTtl' => CacheHandler::$ttl,
+                'includedFiles' => $srcAppFiles,
+            ];
         }
-    }
-    exit;
-}
-
-function createUpdateRequestData()
-{
-    $requestJsonData = SETTINGS_PATH . '/request-data.json';
 
-    // Check if the JSON file exists
-    if (file_exists($requestJsonData)) {
-        // Read the current data from the JSON file
-        $currentData = json_decode(file_get_contents($requestJsonData), true);
-    } else {
-        // If the file doesn't exist, initialize an empty array
-        $currentData = [];
-    }
+        $existingData = file_exists($requestJsonData) ? file_get_contents($requestJsonData) : '';
+        $newData = json_encode($currentData, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
 
-    // Get the list of included/required files
-    $includedFiles = get_included_files();
-
-    // Filter only the files inside the src/app directory
-    $srcAppFiles = [];
-    foreach ($includedFiles as $filename) {
-        if (strpos($filename, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'src' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'app' . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) !== false) {
-            $srcAppFiles[] = $filename;
+        if ($existingData !== $newData) {
+            file_put_contents($requestJsonData, $newData);
         }
     }
 
-    // Extract the current request URL
-    $currentUrl = Request::$uri;
-
-    // If the URL already exists in the data, merge new included files with the existing ones
-    if (isset($currentData[$currentUrl])) {
-        // Merge the existing and new included files, removing duplicates
-        $currentData[$currentUrl]['includedFiles'] = array_unique(
-            array_merge($currentData[$currentUrl]['includedFiles'], $srcAppFiles)
-        );
-    } else {
-        // If the URL doesn't exist, add a new entry
-        $currentData[$currentUrl] = [
-            'url' => $currentUrl,
-            'includedFiles' => $srcAppFiles,
-        ];
+    private static function convertUrlToFileName(string $url): string
+    {
+        $url = trim($url, '/');
+        $fileName = preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9-_]/', '_', $url);
+        return $fileName ?: 'index';
     }
 
-    // Convert the array back to JSON and save it to the file
-    $jsonData = json_encode($currentData, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
-    file_put_contents($requestJsonData, $jsonData);
-}
-
-function authenticateUserToken()
-{
-    $token = Request::getBearerToken();
-    if ($token) {
-        $auth = Auth::getInstance();
-        $verifyToken = $auth->verifyToken($token);
-        if ($verifyToken) {
-            $auth->signIn($verifyToken);
+    private static function authenticateUserToken(): void
+    {
+        $token = Request::getBearerToken();
+        if ($token) {
+            $auth = Auth::getInstance();
+            $verifyToken = $auth->verifyToken($token);
+            if ($verifyToken) {
+                $auth->signIn($verifyToken);
+            }
         }
     }
-}
-
-function isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile(): bool
-{
-    if (Request::$fileToInclude === 'index.php') {
-        return false;
-    }
 
-    return Request::$isAjax || Request::$isXFileRequest || Request::$fileToInclude === 'route.php';
-}
-
-set_exception_handler(function ($exception) {
-    if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-        $errorContent = "Exception: " . $exception->getMessage();
-    } else {
-        $errorContent = "<div class='error'>Exception: " . htmlspecialchars($exception->getMessage(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') . "</div>";
-    }
-    modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorContent);
-});
-
-register_shutdown_function(function () {
-    $error = error_get_last();
-    if ($error !== null && in_array($error['type'], [E_ERROR, E_PARSE, E_CORE_ERROR, E_COMPILE_ERROR, E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR])) {
-
-        if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-            $errorContent = "Fatal Error: " . $error['message'] . " in " . $error['file'] . " on line " . $error['line'];
-        } else {
-            $errorContent = "<div class='error'>Fatal Error: " . htmlspecialchars($error['message'], ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') .
-                " in " . htmlspecialchars($error['file'], ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') .
-                " on line " . $error['line'] . "</div>";
+    public static function isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile(): bool
+    {
+        if (Request::$fileToInclude === 'index.php') {
+            return false;
         }
-        modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorContent);
-    }
-});
 
-try {
-    $_determineContentToInclude = determineContentToInclude();
-    $_contentToInclude = $_determineContentToInclude['path'] ?? '';
-    $_layoutsToInclude = $_determineContentToInclude['layouts'] ?? [];
-    Request::$pathname = $_determineContentToInclude['pathname'] ? '/' . $_determineContentToInclude['pathname'] : '/';
-    Request::$uri = $_determineContentToInclude['uri'] ? $_determineContentToInclude['uri'] : '/';
-    if (is_file($_contentToInclude)) {
-        Request::$fileToInclude = basename($_contentToInclude); // returns the file name
+        return Request::$isAjax || Request::$isXFileRequest || Request::$fileToInclude === 'route.php';
     }
+}
 
-    checkForDuplicateRoutes();
-    authenticateUserToken();
+// ============================================================================
+// Main Execution
+// ============================================================================
+Bootstrap::run();
 
-    if (empty($_contentToInclude)) {
+try {
+    // 1) If there's no content to include:
+    if (empty(Bootstrap::$contentToInclude)) {
         if (!Request::$isXFileRequest && PrismaPHPSettings::$option->backendOnly) {
-            // Set the header and output a JSON response for permission denied
             header('Content-Type: application/json');
             echo json_encode([
                 'success' => false,
                 'error' => 'Permission denied'
             ]);
-            http_response_code(403); // Set HTTP status code to 403 Forbidden
+            http_response_code(403);
             exit;
         }
 
-        $_requestFilePath = APP_PATH . Request::$pathname;
-        if (is_file($_requestFilePath)) {
-            if (file_exists($_requestFilePath) && Request::$isXFileRequest) {
-                // Check if the file is a PHP file
-                if (pathinfo($_requestFilePath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) === 'php') {
-                    // Include the PHP file without setting the JSON header
-                    include $_requestFilePath;
+        // If the file physically exists on disk and we’re dealing with an X-File request
+        if (is_file(Bootstrap::$requestFilePath)) {
+            if (file_exists(Bootstrap::$requestFilePath) && Request::$isXFileRequest) {
+                if (pathinfo(Bootstrap::$requestFilePath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) === 'php') {
+                    include Bootstrap::$requestFilePath;
                 } else {
-                    // Set the appropriate content-type for non-PHP files if needed
-                    // and read the content
-                    header('Content-Type: ' . mime_content_type($_requestFilePath)); // Dynamic content type
-                    readfile($_requestFilePath);
+                    header('Content-Type: ' . mime_content_type(Bootstrap::$requestFilePath));
+                    readfile(Bootstrap::$requestFilePath);
                 }
                 exit;
             }
         } else if (PrismaPHPSettings::$option->backendOnly) {
-            // Set the header and output a JSON response for file not found
             header('Content-Type: application/json');
-            echo json_encode([
-                'success' => false,
-                'error' => 'Not found'
-            ]);
-            http_response_code(404); // Set HTTP status code to 404 Not Found
-            exit;
+            http_response_code(404);
+            exit(json_encode(['success' => false, 'error' => 'Not found']));
         }
     }
 
-    if (!empty($_contentToInclude) && Request::$fileToInclude === 'route.php') {
+    // 2) If the chosen file is route.php -> output JSON
+    if (!empty(Bootstrap::$contentToInclude) && Request::$fileToInclude === 'route.php') {
         header('Content-Type: application/json');
-        require_once $_contentToInclude;
+        require_once Bootstrap::$contentToInclude;
         exit;
     }
 
-    $_parentLayoutPath = APP_PATH . '/layout.php';
-    $_isParentLayout = !empty($_layoutsToInclude) && strpos($_layoutsToInclude[0], 'src/app/layout.php') !== false;
-
-    $_isContentIncluded = false;
-    $_isChildContentIncluded = false;
-    $_isContentVariableIncluded = containsChildren($_parentLayoutPath);
-    if (!$_isContentVariableIncluded) {
-        $_isContentIncluded = true;
-    }
-
-    if (!empty($_contentToInclude) && !empty(Request::$fileToInclude)) {
-        if (!$_isParentLayout) {
+    // 3) If there is some valid content (index.php or something else)
+    if (!empty(Bootstrap::$contentToInclude) && !empty(Request::$fileToInclude)) {
+        // We only load the content now if we're NOT dealing with the top-level parent layout
+        if (!Bootstrap::$isParentLayout) {
             ob_start();
-            require_once $_contentToInclude;
+            require_once Bootstrap::$contentToInclude;
             MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren = ob_get_clean();
         }
-        foreach (array_reverse($_layoutsToInclude) as $layoutPath) {
-            if ($_parentLayoutPath === $layoutPath) {
+
+        // Then process all the reversed layouts in the chain
+        foreach (array_reverse(Bootstrap::$layoutsToInclude) as $layoutPath) {
+            if (Bootstrap::$parentLayoutPath === $layoutPath) {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            $_isChildContentVariableIncluded = containsChildLayoutChildren($layoutPath);
-            if (!$_isChildContentVariableIncluded) {
-                $_isChildContentIncluded = true;
+            if (!Bootstrap::containsChildLayoutChildren($layoutPath)) {
+                Bootstrap::$isChildContentIncluded = true;
             }
 
             ob_start();
@@ -811,31 +799,36 @@ try {
             MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren = ob_get_clean();
         }
     } else {
+        // Fallback: we include not-found.php
         ob_start();
         require_once APP_PATH . '/not-found.php';
         MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren = ob_get_clean();
     }
 
-    if ($_isParentLayout && !empty($_contentToInclude)) {
+    // If the top-level layout is in use
+    if (Bootstrap::$isParentLayout && !empty(Bootstrap::$contentToInclude)) {
         ob_start();
-        require_once $_contentToInclude;
+        require_once Bootstrap::$contentToInclude;
         MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren = ob_get_clean();
     }
 
-    if (!$_isContentIncluded && !$_isChildContentIncluded) {
-        $_secondRequestC69CD = Request::$data['secondRequestC69CD'] ?? false;
-
-        if (!$_secondRequestC69CD) {
-            createUpdateRequestData();
+    if (!Bootstrap::$isContentIncluded && !Bootstrap::$isChildContentIncluded) {
+        // Provide request-data for SSR caching, if needed
+        if (!Bootstrap::$secondRequestC69CD) {
+            Bootstrap::createUpdateRequestData();
         }
 
-        if (Request::$isWire && !$_secondRequestC69CD) {
-            $_requestFilesData = PrismaPHPSettings::$includeFiles;
-
-            if (isset($_requestFilesData[Request::$uri])) {
-                $_requestDataToLoop = $_requestFilesData[Request::$uri];
+        // If there’s caching
+        if (isset(Bootstrap::$requestFilesData[Request::$uri])) {
+            if ($_ENV['CACHE_ENABLED'] === 'true') {
+                CacheHandler::serveCache(Request::$uri, intval($_ENV['CACHE_TTL']));
+            }
+        }
 
-                foreach ($_requestDataToLoop['includedFiles'] as $file) {
+        // For wire calls, re-include the files if needed
+        if (Request::$isWire && !Bootstrap::$secondRequestC69CD) {
+            if (isset(Bootstrap::$requestFilesData[Request::$uri])) {
+                foreach (Bootstrap::$requestFilesData[Request::$uri]['includedFiles'] as $file) {
                     if (file_exists($file)) {
                         ob_start();
                         require_once $file;
@@ -845,77 +838,54 @@ try {
             }
         }
 
-        MainLayout::$children = MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren;
-        MainLayout::$children .= getLoadingsFiles();
-        MainLayout::$children = TemplateCompiler::compile(MainLayout::$children);
+        // If it’s a wire request, handle wire callback
+        if (Request::$isWire && !Bootstrap::$secondRequestC69CD) {
+            ob_end_clean();
+            Bootstrap::wireCallback();
+        }
+
+        MainLayout::$children = MainLayout::$childLayoutChildren . Bootstrap::getLoadingsFiles();
 
         ob_start();
         require_once APP_PATH . '/layout.php';
+        MainLayout::$html = ob_get_clean();
+        MainLayout::$html = TemplateCompiler::compile(MainLayout::$html);
+        MainLayout::$html = TemplateCompiler::injectDynamicContent(MainLayout::$html);
+        MainLayout::$html = "<!DOCTYPE html>\n" . MainLayout::$html;
 
-        if (Request::$isWire && !$_secondRequestC69CD) {
-            ob_end_clean();
-            wireCallback();
-        } else {
-            echo ob_get_clean();
+        if (isset(Bootstrap::$requestFilesData[Request::$uri]['fileName']) && $_ENV['CACHE_ENABLED'] === 'true') {
+            CacheHandler::saveCache(Request::$uri, MainLayout::$html);
         }
+
+        echo MainLayout::$html;
     } else {
-        if ($_isContentIncluded) {
-            if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-                $_errorDetails = "The layout file does not contain &lt;?php echo MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren; ?&gt; or &lt;?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?&gt;<br><strong>$layoutPath</strong>";
-            } else {
-                $_errorDetails = "<div class='error'>The parent layout file does not contain &lt;?php echo MainLayout::\$children; ?&gt; Or &lt;?= MainLayout::\$children ?&gt;<br>" . "<strong>$_parentLayoutPath</strong></div>";
-            }
-            modifyOutputLayoutForError($_errorDetails);
-        } else {
-            if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-                $_errorDetails = "The layout file does not contain &lt;?php echo MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren; ?&gt; or &lt;?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?&gt;<br><strong>$layoutPath</strong>";
-            } else {
-                $_errorDetails = "<div class='error'>The layout file does not contain &lt;?php echo MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren; ?&gt; or &lt;?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?&gt;<br><strong>$layoutPath</strong></div>";
-            }
-            modifyOutputLayoutForError($_errorDetails);
-        }
-    }
-} catch (Throwable $e) {
-    if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-        $_errorDetails = "Unhandled Exception: " . $e->getMessage() . " in " . $e->getFile() . " on line " . $e->getLine();
-    } else {
-        $_errorDetails = "Unhandled Exception: " . htmlspecialchars($e->getMessage(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
-        $_errorDetails .= "<br>File: " . htmlspecialchars($e->getFile(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
-        $_errorDetails .= "<br>Line: " . htmlspecialchars((string)$e->getLine(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
-        $_errorDetails .= "<br/>TraceAsString: " . htmlspecialchars($e->getTraceAsString(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
-        $_errorDetails = "<div class='error'>$_errorDetails</div>";
-    }
-    modifyOutputLayoutForError($_errorDetails);
-}
+        $layoutPath = Bootstrap::$isContentIncluded
+            ? Bootstrap::$parentLayoutPath
+            : (Bootstrap::$layoutsToInclude[0] ?? '');
 
-(function () {
-    $lastErrorCapture = error_get_last();
-    if ($lastErrorCapture !== null) {
+        $message = "The layout file does not contain <?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?>\n<strong>$layoutPath</strong>";
+        $htmlMessage = "<div class='error'>The layout file does not contain <?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?><br><strong>$layoutPath</strong></div>";
 
-        if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-            $errorContent = "Error: " . $lastErrorCapture['message'] . " in " . $lastErrorCapture['file'] . " on line " . $lastErrorCapture['line'];
-        } else {
-            $errorContent = "<div class='error'>Error: " . $lastErrorCapture['message'] . " in " . $lastErrorCapture['file'] . " on line " . $lastErrorCapture['line'] . "</div>";
+        if (Bootstrap::$isContentIncluded) {
+            $message = "The parent layout file does not contain <?= MainLayout::\$children ?> or <?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?><br><strong>$layoutPath</strong>";
+            $htmlMessage = "<div class='error'>The parent layout file does not contain <?= MainLayout::\$children ?> or <?= MainLayout::\$childLayoutChildren ?><br><strong>$layoutPath</strong></div>";
         }
-        modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorContent);
-    }
-})();
 
-set_error_handler(function ($severity, $message, $file, $line) {
-    if (!(error_reporting() & $severity)) {
-        // This error code is not included in error_reporting
-        return;
-    }
+        $errorDetails = Bootstrap::isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile() ? $message : $htmlMessage;
 
-    // Capture the specific severity types, including warnings (E_WARNING)
-    if (isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
-        $errorContent = "Error: {$severity} - {$message} in {$file} on line {$line}";
-    } else {
-        $errorContent = "<div class='error'>Error: {$message} in {$file} on line {$line}</div>";
+        ErrorHandler::modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorDetails);
     }
-
-    // If needed, log it or output immediately based on severity
-    if ($severity === E_WARNING || $severity === E_NOTICE) {
-        modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorContent);
+} catch (Throwable $e) {
+    if (Bootstrap::isAjaxOrXFileRequestOrRouteFile()) {
+        $errorDetails = "Unhandled Exception: " . $e->getMessage() .
+            " in " . $e->getFile() .
+            " on line " . $e->getLine();
+    } else {
+        $errorDetails = "Unhandled Exception: " . htmlspecialchars($e->getMessage(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
+        $errorDetails .= "<br>File: " . htmlspecialchars($e->getFile(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
+        $errorDetails .= "<br>Line: " . htmlspecialchars((string)$e->getLine(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
+        $errorDetails .= "<br/>TraceAsString: " . htmlspecialchars($e->getTraceAsString(), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
+        $errorDetails = "<div class='error'>{$errorDetails}</div>";
     }
-});
+    ErrorHandler::modifyOutputLayoutForError($errorDetails);
+}