create-byan-agent 2.0.0 → 2.0.1

package/install/node_modules/argparse/argparse.js

@@ -1,3707 +0,0 @@
-// Port of python's argparse module, version 3.9.0:
-// https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/v3.9.0rc1/Lib/argparse.py
-
-'use strict'
-
-// Copyright (C) 2010-2020 Python Software Foundation.
-// Copyright (C) 2020 argparse.js authors
-
-/*
- * Command-line parsing library
- *
- * This module is an optparse-inspired command-line parsing library that:
- *
- *     - handles both optional and positional arguments
- *     - produces highly informative usage messages
- *     - supports parsers that dispatch to sub-parsers
- *
- * The following is a simple usage example that sums integers from the
- * command-line and writes the result to a file::
- *
- *     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
- *         description='sum the integers at the command line')
- *     parser.add_argument(
- *         'integers', metavar='int', nargs='+', type=int,
- *         help='an integer to be summed')
- *     parser.add_argument(
- *         '--log', default=sys.stdout, type=argparse.FileType('w'),
- *         help='the file where the sum should be written')
- *     args = parser.parse_args()
- *     args.log.write('%s' % sum(args.integers))
- *     args.log.close()
- *
- * The module contains the following public classes:
- *
- *     - ArgumentParser -- The main entry point for command-line parsing. As the
- *         example above shows, the add_argument() method is used to populate
- *         the parser with actions for optional and positional arguments. Then
- *         the parse_args() method is invoked to convert the args at the
- *         command-line into an object with attributes.
- *
- *     - ArgumentError -- The exception raised by ArgumentParser objects when
- *         there are errors with the parser's actions. Errors raised while
- *         parsing the command-line are caught by ArgumentParser and emitted
- *         as command-line messages.
- *
- *     - FileType -- A factory for defining types of files to be created. As the
- *         example above shows, instances of FileType are typically passed as
- *         the type= argument of add_argument() calls.
- *
- *     - Action -- The base class for parser actions. Typically actions are
- *         selected by passing strings like 'store_true' or 'append_const' to
- *         the action= argument of add_argument(). However, for greater
- *         customization of ArgumentParser actions, subclasses of Action may
- *         be defined and passed as the action= argument.
- *
- *     - HelpFormatter, RawDescriptionHelpFormatter, RawTextHelpFormatter,
- *         ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter -- Formatter classes which
- *         may be passed as the formatter_class= argument to the
- *         ArgumentParser constructor. HelpFormatter is the default,
- *         RawDescriptionHelpFormatter and RawTextHelpFormatter tell the parser
- *         not to change the formatting for help text, and
- *         ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter adds information about argument defaults
- *         to the help.
- *
- * All other classes in this module are considered implementation details.
- * (Also note that HelpFormatter and RawDescriptionHelpFormatter are only
- * considered public as object names -- the API of the formatter objects is
- * still considered an implementation detail.)
- */
-
-const SUPPRESS = '==SUPPRESS=='
-
-const OPTIONAL = '?'
-const ZERO_OR_MORE = '*'
-const ONE_OR_MORE = '+'
-const PARSER = 'A...'
-const REMAINDER = '...'
-const _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR = '_unrecognized_args'
-
-
-// ==================================
-// Utility functions used for porting
-// ==================================
-const assert = require('assert')
-const util = require('util')
-const fs = require('fs')
-const sub = require('./lib/sub')
-const path = require('path')
-const repr = util.inspect
-
-function get_argv() {
-    // omit first argument (which is assumed to be interpreter - `node`, `coffee`, `ts-node`, etc.)
-    return process.argv.slice(1)
-}
-
-function get_terminal_size() {
-    return {
-        columns: +process.env.COLUMNS || process.stdout.columns || 80
-    }
-}
-
-function hasattr(object, name) {
-    return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(object, name)
-}
-
-function getattr(object, name, value) {
-    return hasattr(object, name) ? object[name] : value
-}
-
-function setattr(object, name, value) {
-    object[name] = value
-}
-
-function setdefault(object, name, value) {
-    if (!hasattr(object, name)) object[name] = value
-    return object[name]
-}
-
-function delattr(object, name) {
-    delete object[name]
-}
-
-function range(from, to, step=1) {
-    // range(10) is equivalent to range(0, 10)
-    if (arguments.length === 1) [ to, from ] = [ from, 0 ]
-    if (typeof from !== 'number' || typeof to !== 'number' || typeof step !== 'number') {
-        throw new TypeError('argument cannot be interpreted as an integer')
-    }
-    if (step === 0) throw new TypeError('range() arg 3 must not be zero')
-
-    let result = []
-    if (step > 0) {
-        for (let i = from; i < to; i += step) result.push(i)
-    } else {
-        for (let i = from; i > to; i += step) result.push(i)
-    }
-    return result
-}
-
-function splitlines(str, keepends = false) {
-    let result
-    if (!keepends) {
-        result = str.split(/\r\n|[\n\r\v\f\x1c\x1d\x1e\x85\u2028\u2029]/)
-    } else {
-        result = []
-        let parts = str.split(/(\r\n|[\n\r\v\f\x1c\x1d\x1e\x85\u2028\u2029])/)
-        for (let i = 0; i < parts.length; i += 2) {
-            result.push(parts[i] + (i + 1 < parts.length ? parts[i + 1] : ''))
-        }
-    }
-    if (!result[result.length - 1]) result.pop()
-    return result
-}
-
-function _string_lstrip(string, prefix_chars) {
-    let idx = 0
-    while (idx < string.length && prefix_chars.includes(string[idx])) idx++
-    return idx ? string.slice(idx) : string
-}
-
-function _string_split(string, sep, maxsplit) {
-    let result = string.split(sep)
-    if (result.length > maxsplit) {
-        result = result.slice(0, maxsplit).concat([ result.slice(maxsplit).join(sep) ])
-    }
-    return result
-}
-
-function _array_equal(array1, array2) {
-    if (array1.length !== array2.length) return false
-    for (let i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) {
-        if (array1[i] !== array2[i]) return false
-    }
-    return true
-}
-
-function _array_remove(array, item) {
-    let idx = array.indexOf(item)
-    if (idx === -1) throw new TypeError(sub('%r not in list', item))
-    array.splice(idx, 1)
-}
-
-// normalize choices to array;
-// this isn't required in python because `in` and `map` operators work with anything,
-// but in js dealing with multiple types here is too clunky
-function _choices_to_array(choices) {
-    if (choices === undefined) {
-        return []
-    } else if (Array.isArray(choices)) {
-        return choices
-    } else if (choices !== null && typeof choices[Symbol.iterator] === 'function') {
-        return Array.from(choices)
-    } else if (typeof choices === 'object' && choices !== null) {
-        return Object.keys(choices)
-    } else {
-        throw new Error(sub('invalid choices value: %r', choices))
-    }
-}
-
-// decorator that allows a class to be called without new
-function _callable(cls) {
-    let result = { // object is needed for inferred class name
-        [cls.name]: function (...args) {
-            let this_class = new.target === result || !new.target
-            return Reflect.construct(cls, args, this_class ? cls : new.target)
-        }
-    }
-    result[cls.name].prototype = cls.prototype
-    // fix default tag for toString, e.g. [object Action] instead of [object Object]
-    cls.prototype[Symbol.toStringTag] = cls.name
-    return result[cls.name]
-}
-
-function _alias(object, from, to) {
-    try {
-        let name = object.constructor.name
-        Object.defineProperty(object, from, {
-            value: util.deprecate(object[to], sub('%s.%s() is renamed to %s.%s()',
-                name, from, name, to)),
-            enumerable: false
-        })
-    } catch {}
-}
-
-// decorator that allows snake_case class methods to be called with camelCase and vice versa
-function _camelcase_alias(_class) {
-    for (let name of Object.getOwnPropertyNames(_class.prototype)) {
-        let camelcase = name.replace(/\w_[a-z]/g, s => s[0] + s[2].toUpperCase())
-        if (camelcase !== name) _alias(_class.prototype, camelcase, name)
-    }
-    return _class
-}
-
-function _to_legacy_name(key) {
-    key = key.replace(/\w_[a-z]/g, s => s[0] + s[2].toUpperCase())
-    if (key === 'default') key = 'defaultValue'
-    if (key === 'const') key = 'constant'
-    return key
-}
-
-function _to_new_name(key) {
-    if (key === 'defaultValue') key = 'default'
-    if (key === 'constant') key = 'const'
-    key = key.replace(/[A-Z]/g, c => '_' + c.toLowerCase())
-    return key
-}
-
-// parse options
-let no_default = Symbol('no_default_value')
-function _parse_opts(args, descriptor) {
-    function get_name() {
-        let stack = new Error().stack.split('\n')
-            .map(x => x.match(/^    at (.*) \(.*\)$/))
-            .filter(Boolean)
-            .map(m => m[1])
-            .map(fn => fn.match(/[^ .]*$/)[0])
-
-        if (stack.length && stack[0] === get_name.name) stack.shift()
-        if (stack.length && stack[0] === _parse_opts.name) stack.shift()
-        return stack.length ? stack[0] : ''
-    }
-
-    args = Array.from(args)
-    let kwargs = {}
-    let result = []
-    let last_opt = args.length && args[args.length - 1]
-
-    if (typeof last_opt === 'object' && last_opt !== null && !Array.isArray(last_opt) &&
-        (!last_opt.constructor || last_opt.constructor.name === 'Object')) {
-        kwargs = Object.assign({}, args.pop())
-    }
-
-    // LEGACY (v1 compatibility): camelcase
-    let renames = []
-    for (let key of Object.keys(descriptor)) {
-        let old_name = _to_legacy_name(key)
-        if (old_name !== key && (old_name in kwargs)) {
-            if (key in kwargs) {
-                // default and defaultValue specified at the same time, happens often in old tests
-                //throw new TypeError(sub('%s() got multiple values for argument %r', get_name(), key))
-            } else {
-                kwargs[key] = kwargs[old_name]
-            }
-            renames.push([ old_name, key ])
-            delete kwargs[old_name]
-        }
-    }
-    if (renames.length) {
-        let name = get_name()
-        deprecate('camelcase_' + name, sub('%s(): following options are renamed: %s',
-            name, renames.map(([ a, b ]) => sub('%r -> %r', a, b))))
-    }
-    // end
-
-    let missing_positionals = []
-    let positional_count = args.length
-
-    for (let [ key, def ] of Object.entries(descriptor)) {
-        if (key[0] === '*') {
-            if (key.length > 0 && key[1] === '*') {
-                // LEGACY (v1 compatibility): camelcase
-                let renames = []
-                for (let key of Object.keys(kwargs)) {
-                    let new_name = _to_new_name(key)
-                    if (new_name !== key && (key in kwargs)) {
-                        if (new_name in kwargs) {
-                            // default and defaultValue specified at the same time, happens often in old tests
-                            //throw new TypeError(sub('%s() got multiple values for argument %r', get_name(), new_name))
-                        } else {
-                            kwargs[new_name] = kwargs[key]
-                        }
-                        renames.push([ key, new_name ])
-                        delete kwargs[key]
-                    }
-                }
-                if (renames.length) {
-                    let name = get_name()
-                    deprecate('camelcase_' + name, sub('%s(): following options are renamed: %s',
-                        name, renames.map(([ a, b ]) => sub('%r -> %r', a, b))))
-                }
-                // end
-                result.push(kwargs)
-                kwargs = {}
-            } else {
-                result.push(args)
-                args = []
-            }
-        } else if (key in kwargs && args.length > 0) {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('%s() got multiple values for argument %r', get_name(), key))
-        } else if (key in kwargs) {
-            result.push(kwargs[key])
-            delete kwargs[key]
-        } else if (args.length > 0) {
-            result.push(args.shift())
-        } else if (def !== no_default) {
-            result.push(def)
-        } else {
-            missing_positionals.push(key)
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (Object.keys(kwargs).length) {
-        throw new TypeError(sub('%s() got an unexpected keyword argument %r',
-            get_name(), Object.keys(kwargs)[0]))
-    }
-
-    if (args.length) {
-        let from = Object.entries(descriptor).filter(([ k, v ]) => k[0] !== '*' && v !== no_default).length
-        let to = Object.entries(descriptor).filter(([ k ]) => k[0] !== '*').length
-        throw new TypeError(sub('%s() takes %s positional argument%s but %s %s given',
-            get_name(),
-            from === to ? sub('from %s to %s', from, to) : to,
-            from === to && to === 1 ? '' : 's',
-            positional_count,
-            positional_count === 1 ? 'was' : 'were'))
-    }
-
-    if (missing_positionals.length) {
-        let strs = missing_positionals.map(repr)
-        if (strs.length > 1) strs[strs.length - 1] = 'and ' + strs[strs.length - 1]
-        let str_joined = strs.join(strs.length === 2 ? '' : ', ')
-        throw new TypeError(sub('%s() missing %i required positional argument%s: %s',
-            get_name(), strs.length, strs.length === 1 ? '' : 's', str_joined))
-    }
-
-    return result
-}
-
-let _deprecations = {}
-function deprecate(id, string) {
-    _deprecations[id] = _deprecations[id] || util.deprecate(() => {}, string)
-    _deprecations[id]()
-}
-
-
-// =============================
-// Utility functions and classes
-// =============================
-function _AttributeHolder(cls = Object) {
-    /*
-     *  Abstract base class that provides __repr__.
-     *
-     *  The __repr__ method returns a string in the format::
-     *      ClassName(attr=name, attr=name, ...)
-     *  The attributes are determined either by a class-level attribute,
-     *  '_kwarg_names', or by inspecting the instance __dict__.
-     */
-
-    return class _AttributeHolder extends cls {
-        [util.inspect.custom]() {
-            let type_name = this.constructor.name
-            let arg_strings = []
-            let star_args = {}
-            for (let arg of this._get_args()) {
-                arg_strings.push(repr(arg))
-            }
-            for (let [ name, value ] of this._get_kwargs()) {
-                if (/^[a-z_][a-z0-9_$]*$/i.test(name)) {
-                    arg_strings.push(sub('%s=%r', name, value))
-                } else {
-                    star_args[name] = value
-                }
-            }
-            if (Object.keys(star_args).length) {
-                arg_strings.push(sub('**%s', repr(star_args)))
-            }
-            return sub('%s(%s)', type_name, arg_strings.join(', '))
-        }
-
-        toString() {
-            return this[util.inspect.custom]()
-        }
-
-        _get_kwargs() {
-            return Object.entries(this)
-        }
-
-        _get_args() {
-            return []
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-function _copy_items(items) {
-    if (items === undefined) {
-        return []
-    }
-    return items.slice(0)
-}
-
-
-// ===============
-// Formatting Help
-// ===============
-const HelpFormatter = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class HelpFormatter {
-    /*
-     *  Formatter for generating usage messages and argument help strings.
-     *
-     *  Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
-     *  provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
-     */
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            prog,
-            indent_increment,
-            max_help_position,
-            width
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            prog: no_default,
-            indent_increment: 2,
-            max_help_position: 24,
-            width: undefined
-        })
-
-        // default setting for width
-        if (width === undefined) {
-            width = get_terminal_size().columns
-            width -= 2
-        }
-
-        this._prog = prog
-        this._indent_increment = indent_increment
-        this._max_help_position = Math.min(max_help_position,
-                                      Math.max(width - 20, indent_increment * 2))
-        this._width = width
-
-        this._current_indent = 0
-        this._level = 0
-        this._action_max_length = 0
-
-        this._root_section = this._Section(this, undefined)
-        this._current_section = this._root_section
-
-        this._whitespace_matcher = /[ \t\n\r\f\v]+/g // equivalent to python /\s+/ with ASCII flag
-        this._long_break_matcher = /\n\n\n+/g
-    }
-
-    // ===============================
-    // Section and indentation methods
-    // ===============================
-    _indent() {
-        this._current_indent += this._indent_increment
-        this._level += 1
-    }
-
-    _dedent() {
-        this._current_indent -= this._indent_increment
-        assert(this._current_indent >= 0, 'Indent decreased below 0.')
-        this._level -= 1
-    }
-
-    _add_item(func, args) {
-        this._current_section.items.push([ func, args ])
-    }
-
-    // ========================
-    // Message building methods
-    // ========================
-    start_section(heading) {
-        this._indent()
-        let section = this._Section(this, this._current_section, heading)
-        this._add_item(section.format_help.bind(section), [])
-        this._current_section = section
-    }
-
-    end_section() {
-        this._current_section = this._current_section.parent
-        this._dedent()
-    }
-
-    add_text(text) {
-        if (text !== SUPPRESS && text !== undefined) {
-            this._add_item(this._format_text.bind(this), [text])
-        }
-    }
-
-    add_usage(usage, actions, groups, prefix = undefined) {
-        if (usage !== SUPPRESS) {
-            let args = [ usage, actions, groups, prefix ]
-            this._add_item(this._format_usage.bind(this), args)
-        }
-    }
-
-    add_argument(action) {
-        if (action.help !== SUPPRESS) {
-
-            // find all invocations
-            let invocations = [this._format_action_invocation(action)]
-            for (let subaction of this._iter_indented_subactions(action)) {
-                invocations.push(this._format_action_invocation(subaction))
-            }
-
-            // update the maximum item length
-            let invocation_length = Math.max(...invocations.map(invocation => invocation.length))
-            let action_length = invocation_length + this._current_indent
-            this._action_max_length = Math.max(this._action_max_length,
-                                               action_length)
-
-            // add the item to the list
-            this._add_item(this._format_action.bind(this), [action])
-        }
-    }
-
-    add_arguments(actions) {
-        for (let action of actions) {
-            this.add_argument(action)
-        }
-    }
-
-    // =======================
-    // Help-formatting methods
-    // =======================
-    format_help() {
-        let help = this._root_section.format_help()
-        if (help) {
-            help = help.replace(this._long_break_matcher, '\n\n')
-            help = help.replace(/^\n+|\n+$/g, '') + '\n'
-        }
-        return help
-    }
-
-    _join_parts(part_strings) {
-        return part_strings.filter(part => part && part !== SUPPRESS).join('')
-    }
-
-    _format_usage(usage, actions, groups, prefix) {
-        if (prefix === undefined) {
-            prefix = 'usage: '
-        }
-
-        // if usage is specified, use that
-        if (usage !== undefined) {
-            usage = sub(usage, { prog: this._prog })
-
-        // if no optionals or positionals are available, usage is just prog
-        } else if (usage === undefined && !actions.length) {
-            usage = sub('%(prog)s', { prog: this._prog })
-
-        // if optionals and positionals are available, calculate usage
-        } else if (usage === undefined) {
-            let prog = sub('%(prog)s', { prog: this._prog })
-
-            // split optionals from positionals
-            let optionals = []
-            let positionals = []
-            for (let action of actions) {
-                if (action.option_strings.length) {
-                    optionals.push(action)
-                } else {
-                    positionals.push(action)
-                }
-            }
-
-            // build full usage string
-            let action_usage = this._format_actions_usage([].concat(optionals).concat(positionals), groups)
-            usage = [ prog, action_usage ].map(String).join(' ')
-
-            // wrap the usage parts if it's too long
-            let text_width = this._width - this._current_indent
-            if (prefix.length + usage.length > text_width) {
-
-                // break usage into wrappable parts
-                let part_regexp = /\(.*?\)+(?=\s|$)|\[.*?\]+(?=\s|$)|\S+/g
-                let opt_usage = this._format_actions_usage(optionals, groups)
-                let pos_usage = this._format_actions_usage(positionals, groups)
-                let opt_parts = opt_usage.match(part_regexp) || []
-                let pos_parts = pos_usage.match(part_regexp) || []
-                assert(opt_parts.join(' ') === opt_usage)
-                assert(pos_parts.join(' ') === pos_usage)
-
-                // helper for wrapping lines
-                let get_lines = (parts, indent, prefix = undefined) => {
-                    let lines = []
-                    let line = []
-                    let line_len
-                    if (prefix !== undefined) {
-                        line_len = prefix.length - 1
-                    } else {
-                        line_len = indent.length - 1
-                    }
-                    for (let part of parts) {
-                        if (line_len + 1 + part.length > text_width && line) {
-                            lines.push(indent + line.join(' '))
-                            line = []
-                            line_len = indent.length - 1
-                        }
-                        line.push(part)
-                        line_len += part.length + 1
-                    }
-                    if (line.length) {
-                        lines.push(indent + line.join(' '))
-                    }
-                    if (prefix !== undefined) {
-                        lines[0] = lines[0].slice(indent.length)
-                    }
-                    return lines
-                }
-
-                let lines
-
-                // if prog is short, follow it with optionals or positionals
-                if (prefix.length + prog.length <= 0.75 * text_width) {
-                    let indent = ' '.repeat(prefix.length + prog.length + 1)
-                    if (opt_parts.length) {
-                        lines = get_lines([prog].concat(opt_parts), indent, prefix)
-                        lines = lines.concat(get_lines(pos_parts, indent))
-                    } else if (pos_parts.length) {
-                        lines = get_lines([prog].concat(pos_parts), indent, prefix)
-                    } else {
-                        lines = [prog]
-                    }
-
-                // if prog is long, put it on its own line
-                } else {
-                    let indent = ' '.repeat(prefix.length)
-                    let parts = [].concat(opt_parts).concat(pos_parts)
-                    lines = get_lines(parts, indent)
-                    if (lines.length > 1) {
-                        lines = []
-                        lines = lines.concat(get_lines(opt_parts, indent))
-                        lines = lines.concat(get_lines(pos_parts, indent))
-                    }
-                    lines = [prog].concat(lines)
-                }
-
-                // join lines into usage
-                usage = lines.join('\n')
-            }
-        }
-
-        // prefix with 'usage:'
-        return sub('%s%s\n\n', prefix, usage)
-    }
-
-    _format_actions_usage(actions, groups) {
-        // find group indices and identify actions in groups
-        let group_actions = new Set()
-        let inserts = {}
-        for (let group of groups) {
-            let start = actions.indexOf(group._group_actions[0])
-            if (start === -1) {
-                continue
-            } else {
-                let end = start + group._group_actions.length
-                if (_array_equal(actions.slice(start, end), group._group_actions)) {
-                    for (let action of group._group_actions) {
-                        group_actions.add(action)
-                    }
-                    if (!group.required) {
-                        if (start in inserts) {
-                            inserts[start] += ' ['
-                        } else {
-                            inserts[start] = '['
-                        }
-                        if (end in inserts) {
-                            inserts[end] += ']'
-                        } else {
-                            inserts[end] = ']'
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        if (start in inserts) {
-                            inserts[start] += ' ('
-                        } else {
-                            inserts[start] = '('
-                        }
-                        if (end in inserts) {
-                            inserts[end] += ')'
-                        } else {
-                            inserts[end] = ')'
-                        }
-                    }
-                    for (let i of range(start + 1, end)) {
-                        inserts[i] = '|'
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // collect all actions format strings
-        let parts = []
-        for (let [ i, action ] of Object.entries(actions)) {
-
-            // suppressed arguments are marked with None
-            // remove | separators for suppressed arguments
-            if (action.help === SUPPRESS) {
-                parts.push(undefined)
-                if (inserts[+i] === '|') {
-                    delete inserts[+i]
-                } else if (inserts[+i + 1] === '|') {
-                    delete inserts[+i + 1]
-                }
-
-            // produce all arg strings
-            } else if (!action.option_strings.length) {
-                let default_value = this._get_default_metavar_for_positional(action)
-                let part = this._format_args(action, default_value)
-
-                // if it's in a group, strip the outer []
-                if (group_actions.has(action)) {
-                    if (part[0] === '[' && part[part.length - 1] === ']') {
-                        part = part.slice(1, -1)
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // add the action string to the list
-                parts.push(part)
-
-            // produce the first way to invoke the option in brackets
-            } else {
-                let option_string = action.option_strings[0]
-                let part
-
-                // if the Optional doesn't take a value, format is:
-                //    -s or --long
-                if (action.nargs === 0) {
-                    part = action.format_usage()
-
-                // if the Optional takes a value, format is:
-                //    -s ARGS or --long ARGS
-                } else {
-                    let default_value = this._get_default_metavar_for_optional(action)
-                    let args_string = this._format_args(action, default_value)
-                    part = sub('%s %s', option_string, args_string)
-                }
-
-                // make it look optional if it's not required or in a group
-                if (!action.required && !group_actions.has(action)) {
-                    part = sub('[%s]', part)
-                }
-
-                // add the action string to the list
-                parts.push(part)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // insert things at the necessary indices
-        for (let i of Object.keys(inserts).map(Number).sort((a, b) => b - a)) {
-            parts.splice(+i, 0, inserts[+i])
-        }
-
-        // join all the action items with spaces
-        let text = parts.filter(Boolean).join(' ')
-
-        // clean up separators for mutually exclusive groups
-        text = text.replace(/([\[(]) /g, '$1')
-        text = text.replace(/ ([\])])/g, '$1')
-        text = text.replace(/[\[(] *[\])]/g, '')
-        text = text.replace(/\(([^|]*)\)/g, '$1', text)
-        text = text.trim()
-
-        // return the text
-        return text
-    }
-
-    _format_text(text) {
-        if (text.includes('%(prog)')) {
-            text = sub(text, { prog: this._prog })
-        }
-        let text_width = Math.max(this._width - this._current_indent, 11)
-        let indent = ' '.repeat(this._current_indent)
-        return this._fill_text(text, text_width, indent) + '\n\n'
-    }
-
-    _format_action(action) {
-        // determine the required width and the entry label
-        let help_position = Math.min(this._action_max_length + 2,
-                                     this._max_help_position)
-        let help_width = Math.max(this._width - help_position, 11)
-        let action_width = help_position - this._current_indent - 2
-        let action_header = this._format_action_invocation(action)
-        let indent_first
-
-        // no help; start on same line and add a final newline
-        if (!action.help) {
-            let tup = [ this._current_indent, '', action_header ]
-            action_header = sub('%*s%s\n', ...tup)
-
-        // short action name; start on the same line and pad two spaces
-        } else if (action_header.length <= action_width) {
-            let tup = [ this._current_indent, '', action_width, action_header ]
-            action_header = sub('%*s%-*s  ', ...tup)
-            indent_first = 0
-
-        // long action name; start on the next line
-        } else {
-            let tup = [ this._current_indent, '', action_header ]
-            action_header = sub('%*s%s\n', ...tup)
-            indent_first = help_position
-        }
-
-        // collect the pieces of the action help
-        let parts = [action_header]
-
-        // if there was help for the action, add lines of help text
-        if (action.help) {
-            let help_text = this._expand_help(action)
-            let help_lines = this._split_lines(help_text, help_width)
-            parts.push(sub('%*s%s\n', indent_first, '', help_lines[0]))
-            for (let line of help_lines.slice(1)) {
-                parts.push(sub('%*s%s\n', help_position, '', line))
-            }
-
-        // or add a newline if the description doesn't end with one
-        } else if (!action_header.endsWith('\n')) {
-            parts.push('\n')
-        }
-
-        // if there are any sub-actions, add their help as well
-        for (let subaction of this._iter_indented_subactions(action)) {
-            parts.push(this._format_action(subaction))
-        }
-
-        // return a single string
-        return this._join_parts(parts)
-    }
-
-    _format_action_invocation(action) {
-        if (!action.option_strings.length) {
-            let default_value = this._get_default_metavar_for_positional(action)
-            let metavar = this._metavar_formatter(action, default_value)(1)[0]
-            return metavar
-
-        } else {
-            let parts = []
-
-            // if the Optional doesn't take a value, format is:
-            //    -s, --long
-            if (action.nargs === 0) {
-                parts = parts.concat(action.option_strings)
-
-            // if the Optional takes a value, format is:
-            //    -s ARGS, --long ARGS
-            } else {
-                let default_value = this._get_default_metavar_for_optional(action)
-                let args_string = this._format_args(action, default_value)
-                for (let option_string of action.option_strings) {
-                    parts.push(sub('%s %s', option_string, args_string))
-                }
-            }
-
-            return parts.join(', ')
-        }
-    }
-
-    _metavar_formatter(action, default_metavar) {
-        let result
-        if (action.metavar !== undefined) {
-            result = action.metavar
-        } else if (action.choices !== undefined) {
-            let choice_strs = _choices_to_array(action.choices).map(String)
-            result = sub('{%s}', choice_strs.join(','))
-        } else {
-            result = default_metavar
-        }
-
-        function format(tuple_size) {
-            if (Array.isArray(result)) {
-                return result
-            } else {
-                return Array(tuple_size).fill(result)
-            }
-        }
-        return format
-    }
-
-    _format_args(action, default_metavar) {
-        let get_metavar = this._metavar_formatter(action, default_metavar)
-        let result
-        if (action.nargs === undefined) {
-            result = sub('%s', ...get_metavar(1))
-        } else if (action.nargs === OPTIONAL) {
-            result = sub('[%s]', ...get_metavar(1))
-        } else if (action.nargs === ZERO_OR_MORE) {
-            let metavar = get_metavar(1)
-            if (metavar.length === 2) {
-                result = sub('[%s [%s ...]]', ...metavar)
-            } else {
-                result = sub('[%s ...]', ...metavar)
-            }
-        } else if (action.nargs === ONE_OR_MORE) {
-            result = sub('%s [%s ...]', ...get_metavar(2))
-        } else if (action.nargs === REMAINDER) {
-            result = '...'
-        } else if (action.nargs === PARSER) {
-            result = sub('%s ...', ...get_metavar(1))
-        } else if (action.nargs === SUPPRESS) {
-            result = ''
-        } else {
-            let formats
-            try {
-                formats = range(action.nargs).map(() => '%s')
-            } catch (err) {
-                throw new TypeError('invalid nargs value')
-            }
-            result = sub(formats.join(' '), ...get_metavar(action.nargs))
-        }
-        return result
-    }
-
-    _expand_help(action) {
-        let params = Object.assign({ prog: this._prog }, action)
-        for (let name of Object.keys(params)) {
-            if (params[name] === SUPPRESS) {
-                delete params[name]
-            }
-        }
-        for (let name of Object.keys(params)) {
-            if (params[name] && params[name].name) {
-                params[name] = params[name].name
-            }
-        }
-        if (params.choices !== undefined) {
-            let choices_str = _choices_to_array(params.choices).map(String).join(', ')
-            params.choices = choices_str
-        }
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility): camelcase
-        for (let key of Object.keys(params)) {
-            let old_name = _to_legacy_name(key)
-            if (old_name !== key) {
-                params[old_name] = params[key]
-            }
-        }
-        // end
-        return sub(this._get_help_string(action), params)
-    }
-
-    * _iter_indented_subactions(action) {
-        if (typeof action._get_subactions === 'function') {
-            this._indent()
-            yield* action._get_subactions()
-            this._dedent()
-        }
-    }
-
-    _split_lines(text, width) {
-        text = text.replace(this._whitespace_matcher, ' ').trim()
-        // The textwrap module is used only for formatting help.
-        // Delay its import for speeding up the common usage of argparse.
-        let textwrap = require('./lib/textwrap')
-        return textwrap.wrap(text, { width })
-    }
-
-    _fill_text(text, width, indent) {
-        text = text.replace(this._whitespace_matcher, ' ').trim()
-        let textwrap = require('./lib/textwrap')
-        return textwrap.fill(text, { width,
-                                     initial_indent: indent,
-                                     subsequent_indent: indent })
-    }
-
-    _get_help_string(action) {
-        return action.help
-    }
-
-    _get_default_metavar_for_optional(action) {
-        return action.dest.toUpperCase()
-    }
-
-    _get_default_metavar_for_positional(action) {
-        return action.dest
-    }
-}))
-
-HelpFormatter.prototype._Section = _callable(class _Section {
-
-    constructor(formatter, parent, heading = undefined) {
-        this.formatter = formatter
-        this.parent = parent
-        this.heading = heading
-        this.items = []
-    }
-
-    format_help() {
-        // format the indented section
-        if (this.parent !== undefined) {
-            this.formatter._indent()
-        }
-        let item_help = this.formatter._join_parts(this.items.map(([ func, args ]) => func.apply(null, args)))
-        if (this.parent !== undefined) {
-            this.formatter._dedent()
-        }
-
-        // return nothing if the section was empty
-        if (!item_help) {
-            return ''
-        }
-
-        // add the heading if the section was non-empty
-        let heading
-        if (this.heading !== SUPPRESS && this.heading !== undefined) {
-            let current_indent = this.formatter._current_indent
-            heading = sub('%*s%s:\n', current_indent, '', this.heading)
-        } else {
-            heading = ''
-        }
-
-        // join the section-initial newline, the heading and the help
-        return this.formatter._join_parts(['\n', heading, item_help, '\n'])
-    }
-})
-
-
-const RawDescriptionHelpFormatter = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class RawDescriptionHelpFormatter extends HelpFormatter {
-    /*
-     *  Help message formatter which retains any formatting in descriptions.
-     *
-     *  Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
-     *  provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
-     */
-
-    _fill_text(text, width, indent) {
-        return splitlines(text, true).map(line => indent + line).join('')
-    }
-}))
-
-
-const RawTextHelpFormatter = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class RawTextHelpFormatter extends RawDescriptionHelpFormatter {
-    /*
-     *  Help message formatter which retains formatting of all help text.
-     *
-     *  Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
-     *  provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
-     */
-
-    _split_lines(text/*, width*/) {
-        return splitlines(text)
-    }
-}))
-
-
-const ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter extends HelpFormatter {
-    /*
-     *  Help message formatter which adds default values to argument help.
-     *
-     *  Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
-     *  provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
-     */
-
-    _get_help_string(action) {
-        let help = action.help
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility): additional check for defaultValue needed
-        if (!action.help.includes('%(default)') && !action.help.includes('%(defaultValue)')) {
-            if (action.default !== SUPPRESS) {
-                let defaulting_nargs = [OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE]
-                if (action.option_strings.length || defaulting_nargs.includes(action.nargs)) {
-                    help += ' (default: %(default)s)'
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return help
-    }
-}))
-
-
-const MetavarTypeHelpFormatter = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class MetavarTypeHelpFormatter extends HelpFormatter {
-    /*
-     *  Help message formatter which uses the argument 'type' as the default
-     *  metavar value (instead of the argument 'dest')
-     *
-     *  Only the name of this class is considered a public API. All the methods
-     *  provided by the class are considered an implementation detail.
-     */
-
-    _get_default_metavar_for_optional(action) {
-        return typeof action.type === 'function' ? action.type.name : action.type
-    }
-
-    _get_default_metavar_for_positional(action) {
-        return typeof action.type === 'function' ? action.type.name : action.type
-    }
-}))
-
-
-// =====================
-// Options and Arguments
-// =====================
-function _get_action_name(argument) {
-    if (argument === undefined) {
-        return undefined
-    } else if (argument.option_strings.length) {
-        return argument.option_strings.join('/')
-    } else if (![ undefined, SUPPRESS ].includes(argument.metavar)) {
-        return argument.metavar
-    } else if (![ undefined, SUPPRESS ].includes(argument.dest)) {
-        return argument.dest
-    } else {
-        return undefined
-    }
-}
-
-
-const ArgumentError = _callable(class ArgumentError extends Error {
-    /*
-     *  An error from creating or using an argument (optional or positional).
-     *
-     *  The string value of this exception is the message, augmented with
-     *  information about the argument that caused it.
-     */
-
-    constructor(argument, message) {
-        super()
-        this.name = 'ArgumentError'
-        this._argument_name = _get_action_name(argument)
-        this._message = message
-        this.message = this.str()
-    }
-
-    str() {
-        let format
-        if (this._argument_name === undefined) {
-            format = '%(message)s'
-        } else {
-            format = 'argument %(argument_name)s: %(message)s'
-        }
-        return sub(format, { message: this._message,
-                             argument_name: this._argument_name })
-    }
-})
-
-
-const ArgumentTypeError = _callable(class ArgumentTypeError extends Error {
-    /*
-     * An error from trying to convert a command line string to a type.
-     */
-
-    constructor(message) {
-        super(message)
-        this.name = 'ArgumentTypeError'
-    }
-})
-
-
-// ==============
-// Action classes
-// ==============
-const Action = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class Action extends _AttributeHolder(Function) {
-    /*
-     *  Information about how to convert command line strings to Python objects.
-     *
-     *  Action objects are used by an ArgumentParser to represent the information
-     *  needed to parse a single argument from one or more strings from the
-     *  command line. The keyword arguments to the Action constructor are also
-     *  all attributes of Action instances.
-     *
-     *  Keyword Arguments:
-     *
-     *      - option_strings -- A list of command-line option strings which
-     *          should be associated with this action.
-     *
-     *      - dest -- The name of the attribute to hold the created object(s)
-     *
-     *      - nargs -- The number of command-line arguments that should be
-     *          consumed. By default, one argument will be consumed and a single
-     *          value will be produced.  Other values include:
-     *              - N (an integer) consumes N arguments (and produces a list)
-     *              - '?' consumes zero or one arguments
-     *              - '*' consumes zero or more arguments (and produces a list)
-     *              - '+' consumes one or more arguments (and produces a list)
-     *          Note that the difference between the default and nargs=1 is that
-     *          with the default, a single value will be produced, while with
-     *          nargs=1, a list containing a single value will be produced.
-     *
-     *      - const -- The value to be produced if the option is specified and the
-     *          option uses an action that takes no values.
-     *
-     *      - default -- The value to be produced if the option is not specified.
-     *
-     *      - type -- A callable that accepts a single string argument, and
-     *          returns the converted value.  The standard Python types str, int,
-     *          float, and complex are useful examples of such callables.  If None,
-     *          str is used.
-     *
-     *      - choices -- A container of values that should be allowed. If not None,
-     *          after a command-line argument has been converted to the appropriate
-     *          type, an exception will be raised if it is not a member of this
-     *          collection.
-     *
-     *      - required -- True if the action must always be specified at the
-     *          command line. This is only meaningful for optional command-line
-     *          arguments.
-     *
-     *      - help -- The help string describing the argument.
-     *
-     *      - metavar -- The name to be used for the option's argument with the
-     *          help string. If None, the 'dest' value will be used as the name.
-     */
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs,
-            const_value,
-            default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            nargs: undefined,
-            const: undefined,
-            default: undefined,
-            type: undefined,
-            choices: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        // when this class is called as a function, redirect it to .call() method of itself
-        super('return arguments.callee.call.apply(arguments.callee, arguments)')
-
-        this.option_strings = option_strings
-        this.dest = dest
-        this.nargs = nargs
-        this.const = const_value
-        this.default = default_value
-        this.type = type
-        this.choices = choices
-        this.required = required
-        this.help = help
-        this.metavar = metavar
-    }
-
-    _get_kwargs() {
-        let names = [
-            'option_strings',
-            'dest',
-            'nargs',
-            'const',
-            'default',
-            'type',
-            'choices',
-            'help',
-            'metavar'
-        ]
-        return names.map(name => [ name, getattr(this, name) ])
-    }
-
-    format_usage() {
-        return this.option_strings[0]
-    }
-
-    call(/*parser, namespace, values, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        throw new Error('.call() not defined')
-    }
-}))
-
-
-const BooleanOptionalAction = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class BooleanOptionalAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            default: undefined,
-            type: undefined,
-            choices: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        let _option_strings = []
-        for (let option_string of option_strings) {
-            _option_strings.push(option_string)
-
-            if (option_string.startsWith('--')) {
-                option_string = '--no-' + option_string.slice(2)
-                _option_strings.push(option_string)
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (help !== undefined && default_value !== undefined) {
-            help += ` (default: ${default_value})`
-        }
-
-        super({
-            option_strings: _option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs: 0,
-            default: default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace, values, option_string = undefined) {
-        if (this.option_strings.includes(option_string)) {
-            setattr(namespace, this.dest, !option_string.startsWith('--no-'))
-        }
-    }
-
-    format_usage() {
-        return this.option_strings.join(' | ')
-    }
-}))
-
-
-const _StoreAction = _callable(class _StoreAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs,
-            const_value,
-            default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            nargs: undefined,
-            const: undefined,
-            default: undefined,
-            type: undefined,
-            choices: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        if (nargs === 0) {
-            throw new TypeError('nargs for store actions must be != 0; if you ' +
-                        'have nothing to store, actions such as store ' +
-                        'true or store const may be more appropriate')
-        }
-        if (const_value !== undefined && nargs !== OPTIONAL) {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('nargs must be %r to supply const', OPTIONAL))
-        }
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs,
-            const: const_value,
-            default: default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace, values/*, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        setattr(namespace, this.dest, values)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _StoreConstAction = _callable(class _StoreConstAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            const_value,
-            default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-            //, metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            const: no_default,
-            default: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs: 0,
-            const: const_value,
-            default: default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace/*, values, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        setattr(namespace, this.dest, this.const)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _StoreTrueAction = _callable(class _StoreTrueAction extends _StoreConstAction {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            default: false,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            const: true,
-            default: default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        })
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _StoreFalseAction = _callable(class _StoreFalseAction extends _StoreConstAction {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            default: true,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            const: false,
-            default: default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        })
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _AppendAction = _callable(class _AppendAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs,
-            const_value,
-            default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            nargs: undefined,
-            const: undefined,
-            default: undefined,
-            type: undefined,
-            choices: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        if (nargs === 0) {
-            throw new TypeError('nargs for append actions must be != 0; if arg ' +
-                        'strings are not supplying the value to append, ' +
-                        'the append const action may be more appropriate')
-        }
-        if (const_value !== undefined && nargs !== OPTIONAL) {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('nargs must be %r to supply const', OPTIONAL))
-        }
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs,
-            const: const_value,
-            default: default_value,
-            type,
-            choices,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace, values/*, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        let items = getattr(namespace, this.dest, undefined)
-        items = _copy_items(items)
-        items.push(values)
-        setattr(namespace, this.dest, items)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _AppendConstAction = _callable(class _AppendConstAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            const_value,
-            default_value,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            const: no_default,
-            default: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs: 0,
-            const: const_value,
-            default: default_value,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace/*, values, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        let items = getattr(namespace, this.dest, undefined)
-        items = _copy_items(items)
-        items.push(this.const)
-        setattr(namespace, this.dest, items)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _CountAction = _callable(class _CountAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: no_default,
-            default: undefined,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs: 0,
-            default: default_value,
-            required,
-            help
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace/*, values, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        let count = getattr(namespace, this.dest, undefined)
-        if (count === undefined) {
-            count = 0
-        }
-        setattr(namespace, this.dest, count + 1)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _HelpAction = _callable(class _HelpAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default_value,
-            help
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            dest: SUPPRESS,
-            default: SUPPRESS,
-            help: undefined
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default: default_value,
-            nargs: 0,
-            help
-        })
-    }
-
-    call(parser/*, namespace, values, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        parser.print_help()
-        parser.exit()
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _VersionAction = _callable(class _VersionAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            version,
-            dest,
-            default_value,
-            help
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            version: undefined,
-            dest: SUPPRESS,
-            default: SUPPRESS,
-            help: "show program's version number and exit"
-        })
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            default: default_value,
-            nargs: 0,
-            help
-        })
-        this.version = version
-    }
-
-    call(parser/*, namespace, values, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        let version = this.version
-        if (version === undefined) {
-            version = parser.version
-        }
-        let formatter = parser._get_formatter()
-        formatter.add_text(version)
-        parser._print_message(formatter.format_help(), process.stdout)
-        parser.exit()
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _SubParsersAction = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class _SubParsersAction extends Action {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            option_strings,
-            prog,
-            parser_class,
-            dest,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            option_strings: no_default,
-            prog: no_default,
-            parser_class: no_default,
-            dest: SUPPRESS,
-            required: false,
-            help: undefined,
-            metavar: undefined
-        })
-
-        let name_parser_map = {}
-
-        super({
-            option_strings,
-            dest,
-            nargs: PARSER,
-            choices: name_parser_map,
-            required,
-            help,
-            metavar
-        })
-
-        this._prog_prefix = prog
-        this._parser_class = parser_class
-        this._name_parser_map = name_parser_map
-        this._choices_actions = []
-    }
-
-    add_parser() {
-        let [
-            name,
-            kwargs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            name: no_default,
-            '**kwargs': no_default
-        })
-
-        // set prog from the existing prefix
-        if (kwargs.prog === undefined) {
-            kwargs.prog = sub('%s %s', this._prog_prefix, name)
-        }
-
-        let aliases = getattr(kwargs, 'aliases', [])
-        delete kwargs.aliases
-
-        // create a pseudo-action to hold the choice help
-        if ('help' in kwargs) {
-            let help = kwargs.help
-            delete kwargs.help
-            let choice_action = this._ChoicesPseudoAction(name, aliases, help)
-            this._choices_actions.push(choice_action)
-        }
-
-        // create the parser and add it to the map
-        let parser = new this._parser_class(kwargs)
-        this._name_parser_map[name] = parser
-
-        // make parser available under aliases also
-        for (let alias of aliases) {
-            this._name_parser_map[alias] = parser
-        }
-
-        return parser
-    }
-
-    _get_subactions() {
-        return this._choices_actions
-    }
-
-    call(parser, namespace, values/*, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        let parser_name = values[0]
-        let arg_strings = values.slice(1)
-
-        // set the parser name if requested
-        if (this.dest !== SUPPRESS) {
-            setattr(namespace, this.dest, parser_name)
-        }
-
-        // select the parser
-        if (hasattr(this._name_parser_map, parser_name)) {
-            parser = this._name_parser_map[parser_name]
-        } else {
-            let args = {parser_name,
-                        choices: this._name_parser_map.join(', ')}
-            let msg = sub('unknown parser %(parser_name)r (choices: %(choices)s)', args)
-            throw new ArgumentError(this, msg)
-        }
-
-        // parse all the remaining options into the namespace
-        // store any unrecognized options on the object, so that the top
-        // level parser can decide what to do with them
-
-        // In case this subparser defines new defaults, we parse them
-        // in a new namespace object and then update the original
-        // namespace for the relevant parts.
-        let subnamespace
-        [ subnamespace, arg_strings ] = parser.parse_known_args(arg_strings, undefined)
-        for (let [ key, value ] of Object.entries(subnamespace)) {
-            setattr(namespace, key, value)
-        }
-
-        if (arg_strings.length) {
-            setdefault(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR, [])
-            getattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR).push(...arg_strings)
-        }
-    }
-}))
-
-
-_SubParsersAction.prototype._ChoicesPseudoAction = _callable(class _ChoicesPseudoAction extends Action {
-    constructor(name, aliases, help) {
-        let metavar = name, dest = name
-        if (aliases.length) {
-            metavar += sub(' (%s)', aliases.join(', '))
-        }
-        super({ option_strings: [], dest, help, metavar })
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _ExtendAction = _callable(class _ExtendAction extends _AppendAction {
-    call(parser, namespace, values/*, option_string = undefined*/) {
-        let items = getattr(namespace, this.dest, undefined)
-        items = _copy_items(items)
-        items = items.concat(values)
-        setattr(namespace, this.dest, items)
-    }
-})
-
-
-// ==============
-// Type classes
-// ==============
-const FileType = _callable(class FileType extends Function {
-    /*
-     *  Factory for creating file object types
-     *
-     *  Instances of FileType are typically passed as type= arguments to the
-     *  ArgumentParser add_argument() method.
-     *
-     *  Keyword Arguments:
-     *      - mode -- A string indicating how the file is to be opened. Accepts the
-     *          same values as the builtin open() function.
-     *      - bufsize -- The file's desired buffer size. Accepts the same values as
-     *          the builtin open() function.
-     *      - encoding -- The file's encoding. Accepts the same values as the
-     *          builtin open() function.
-     *      - errors -- A string indicating how encoding and decoding errors are to
-     *          be handled. Accepts the same value as the builtin open() function.
-     */
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            flags,
-            encoding,
-            mode,
-            autoClose,
-            emitClose,
-            start,
-            end,
-            highWaterMark,
-            fs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            flags: 'r',
-            encoding: undefined,
-            mode: undefined, // 0o666
-            autoClose: undefined, // true
-            emitClose: undefined, // false
-            start: undefined, // 0
-            end: undefined, // Infinity
-            highWaterMark: undefined, // 64 * 1024
-            fs: undefined
-        })
-
-        // when this class is called as a function, redirect it to .call() method of itself
-        super('return arguments.callee.call.apply(arguments.callee, arguments)')
-
-        Object.defineProperty(this, 'name', {
-            get() {
-                return sub('FileType(%r)', flags)
-            }
-        })
-        this._flags = flags
-        this._options = {}
-        if (encoding !== undefined) this._options.encoding = encoding
-        if (mode !== undefined) this._options.mode = mode
-        if (autoClose !== undefined) this._options.autoClose = autoClose
-        if (emitClose !== undefined) this._options.emitClose = emitClose
-        if (start !== undefined) this._options.start = start
-        if (end !== undefined) this._options.end = end
-        if (highWaterMark !== undefined) this._options.highWaterMark = highWaterMark
-        if (fs !== undefined) this._options.fs = fs
-    }
-
-    call(string) {
-        // the special argument "-" means sys.std{in,out}
-        if (string === '-') {
-            if (this._flags.includes('r')) {
-                return process.stdin
-            } else if (this._flags.includes('w')) {
-                return process.stdout
-            } else {
-                let msg = sub('argument "-" with mode %r', this._flags)
-                throw new TypeError(msg)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // all other arguments are used as file names
-        let fd
-        try {
-            fd = fs.openSync(string, this._flags, this._options.mode)
-        } catch (e) {
-            let args = { filename: string, error: e.message }
-            let message = "can't open '%(filename)s': %(error)s"
-            throw new ArgumentTypeError(sub(message, args))
-        }
-
-        let options = Object.assign({ fd, flags: this._flags }, this._options)
-        if (this._flags.includes('r')) {
-            return fs.createReadStream(undefined, options)
-        } else if (this._flags.includes('w')) {
-            return fs.createWriteStream(undefined, options)
-        } else {
-            let msg = sub('argument "%s" with mode %r', string, this._flags)
-            throw new TypeError(msg)
-        }
-    }
-
-    [util.inspect.custom]() {
-        let args = [ this._flags ]
-        let kwargs = Object.entries(this._options).map(([ k, v ]) => {
-            if (k === 'mode') v = { value: v, [util.inspect.custom]() { return '0o' + this.value.toString(8) } }
-            return [ k, v ]
-        })
-        let args_str = []
-                .concat(args.filter(arg => arg !== -1).map(repr))
-                .concat(kwargs.filter(([/*kw*/, arg]) => arg !== undefined)
-                    .map(([kw, arg]) => sub('%s=%r', kw, arg)))
-                .join(', ')
-        return sub('%s(%s)', this.constructor.name, args_str)
-    }
-
-    toString() {
-        return this[util.inspect.custom]()
-    }
-})
-
-// ===========================
-// Optional and Positional Parsing
-// ===========================
-const Namespace = _callable(class Namespace extends _AttributeHolder() {
-    /*
-     *  Simple object for storing attributes.
-     *
-     *  Implements equality by attribute names and values, and provides a simple
-     *  string representation.
-     */
-
-    constructor(options = {}) {
-        super()
-        Object.assign(this, options)
-    }
-})
-
-// unset string tag to mimic plain object
-Namespace.prototype[Symbol.toStringTag] = undefined
-
-
-const _ActionsContainer = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class _ActionsContainer {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            description,
-            prefix_chars,
-            argument_default,
-            conflict_handler
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            description: no_default,
-            prefix_chars: no_default,
-            argument_default: no_default,
-            conflict_handler: no_default
-        })
-
-        this.description = description
-        this.argument_default = argument_default
-        this.prefix_chars = prefix_chars
-        this.conflict_handler = conflict_handler
-
-        // set up registries
-        this._registries = {}
-
-        // register actions
-        this.register('action', undefined, _StoreAction)
-        this.register('action', 'store', _StoreAction)
-        this.register('action', 'store_const', _StoreConstAction)
-        this.register('action', 'store_true', _StoreTrueAction)
-        this.register('action', 'store_false', _StoreFalseAction)
-        this.register('action', 'append', _AppendAction)
-        this.register('action', 'append_const', _AppendConstAction)
-        this.register('action', 'count', _CountAction)
-        this.register('action', 'help', _HelpAction)
-        this.register('action', 'version', _VersionAction)
-        this.register('action', 'parsers', _SubParsersAction)
-        this.register('action', 'extend', _ExtendAction)
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility): camelcase variants
-        ;[ 'storeConst', 'storeTrue', 'storeFalse', 'appendConst' ].forEach(old_name => {
-            let new_name = _to_new_name(old_name)
-            this.register('action', old_name, util.deprecate(this._registry_get('action', new_name),
-                sub('{action: "%s"} is renamed to {action: "%s"}', old_name, new_name)))
-        })
-        // end
-
-        // raise an exception if the conflict handler is invalid
-        this._get_handler()
-
-        // action storage
-        this._actions = []
-        this._option_string_actions = {}
-
-        // groups
-        this._action_groups = []
-        this._mutually_exclusive_groups = []
-
-        // defaults storage
-        this._defaults = {}
-
-        // determines whether an "option" looks like a negative number
-        this._negative_number_matcher = /^-\d+$|^-\d*\.\d+$/
-
-        // whether or not there are any optionals that look like negative
-        // numbers -- uses a list so it can be shared and edited
-        this._has_negative_number_optionals = []
-    }
-
-    // ====================
-    // Registration methods
-    // ====================
-    register(registry_name, value, object) {
-        let registry = setdefault(this._registries, registry_name, {})
-        registry[value] = object
-    }
-
-    _registry_get(registry_name, value, default_value = undefined) {
-        return getattr(this._registries[registry_name], value, default_value)
-    }
-
-    // ==================================
-    // Namespace default accessor methods
-    // ==================================
-    set_defaults(kwargs) {
-        Object.assign(this._defaults, kwargs)
-
-        // if these defaults match any existing arguments, replace
-        // the previous default on the object with the new one
-        for (let action of this._actions) {
-            if (action.dest in kwargs) {
-                action.default = kwargs[action.dest]
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    get_default(dest) {
-        for (let action of this._actions) {
-            if (action.dest === dest && action.default !== undefined) {
-                return action.default
-            }
-        }
-        return this._defaults[dest]
-    }
-
-
-    // =======================
-    // Adding argument actions
-    // =======================
-    add_argument() {
-        /*
-         *  add_argument(dest, ..., name=value, ...)
-         *  add_argument(option_string, option_string, ..., name=value, ...)
-         */
-        let [
-            args,
-            kwargs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            '*args': no_default,
-            '**kwargs': no_default
-        })
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), old-style add_argument([ args ], { options })
-        if (args.length === 1 && Array.isArray(args[0])) {
-            args = args[0]
-            deprecate('argument-array',
-                sub('use add_argument(%(args)s, {...}) instead of add_argument([ %(args)s ], { ... })', {
-                    args: args.map(repr).join(', ')
-                }))
-        }
-        // end
-
-        // if no positional args are supplied or only one is supplied and
-        // it doesn't look like an option string, parse a positional
-        // argument
-        let chars = this.prefix_chars
-        if (!args.length || args.length === 1 && !chars.includes(args[0][0])) {
-            if (args.length && 'dest' in kwargs) {
-                throw new TypeError('dest supplied twice for positional argument')
-            }
-            kwargs = this._get_positional_kwargs(...args, kwargs)
-
-        // otherwise, we're adding an optional argument
-        } else {
-            kwargs = this._get_optional_kwargs(...args, kwargs)
-        }
-
-        // if no default was supplied, use the parser-level default
-        if (!('default' in kwargs)) {
-            let dest = kwargs.dest
-            if (dest in this._defaults) {
-                kwargs.default = this._defaults[dest]
-            } else if (this.argument_default !== undefined) {
-                kwargs.default = this.argument_default
-            }
-        }
-
-        // create the action object, and add it to the parser
-        let action_class = this._pop_action_class(kwargs)
-        if (typeof action_class !== 'function') {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('unknown action "%s"', action_class))
-        }
-        // eslint-disable-next-line new-cap
-        let action = new action_class(kwargs)
-
-        // raise an error if the action type is not callable
-        let type_func = this._registry_get('type', action.type, action.type)
-        if (typeof type_func !== 'function') {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('%r is not callable', type_func))
-        }
-
-        if (type_func === FileType) {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('%r is a FileType class object, instance of it' +
-                                    ' must be passed', type_func))
-        }
-
-        // raise an error if the metavar does not match the type
-        if ('_get_formatter' in this) {
-            try {
-                this._get_formatter()._format_args(action, undefined)
-            } catch (err) {
-                // check for 'invalid nargs value' is an artifact of TypeError and ValueError in js being the same
-                if (err instanceof TypeError && err.message !== 'invalid nargs value') {
-                    throw new TypeError('length of metavar tuple does not match nargs')
-                } else {
-                    throw err
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return this._add_action(action)
-    }
-
-    add_argument_group() {
-        let group = _ArgumentGroup(this, ...arguments)
-        this._action_groups.push(group)
-        return group
-    }
-
-    add_mutually_exclusive_group() {
-        // eslint-disable-next-line no-use-before-define
-        let group = _MutuallyExclusiveGroup(this, ...arguments)
-        this._mutually_exclusive_groups.push(group)
-        return group
-    }
-
-    _add_action(action) {
-        // resolve any conflicts
-        this._check_conflict(action)
-
-        // add to actions list
-        this._actions.push(action)
-        action.container = this
-
-        // index the action by any option strings it has
-        for (let option_string of action.option_strings) {
-            this._option_string_actions[option_string] = action
-        }
-
-        // set the flag if any option strings look like negative numbers
-        for (let option_string of action.option_strings) {
-            if (this._negative_number_matcher.test(option_string)) {
-                if (!this._has_negative_number_optionals.length) {
-                    this._has_negative_number_optionals.push(true)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // return the created action
-        return action
-    }
-
-    _remove_action(action) {
-        _array_remove(this._actions, action)
-    }
-
-    _add_container_actions(container) {
-        // collect groups by titles
-        let title_group_map = {}
-        for (let group of this._action_groups) {
-            if (group.title in title_group_map) {
-                let msg = 'cannot merge actions - two groups are named %r'
-                throw new TypeError(sub(msg, group.title))
-            }
-            title_group_map[group.title] = group
-        }
-
-        // map each action to its group
-        let group_map = new Map()
-        for (let group of container._action_groups) {
-
-            // if a group with the title exists, use that, otherwise
-            // create a new group matching the container's group
-            if (!(group.title in title_group_map)) {
-                title_group_map[group.title] = this.add_argument_group({
-                    title: group.title,
-                    description: group.description,
-                    conflict_handler: group.conflict_handler
-                })
-            }
-
-            // map the actions to their new group
-            for (let action of group._group_actions) {
-                group_map.set(action, title_group_map[group.title])
-            }
-        }
-
-        // add container's mutually exclusive groups
-        // NOTE: if add_mutually_exclusive_group ever gains title= and
-        // description= then this code will need to be expanded as above
-        for (let group of container._mutually_exclusive_groups) {
-            let mutex_group = this.add_mutually_exclusive_group({
-                required: group.required
-            })
-
-            // map the actions to their new mutex group
-            for (let action of group._group_actions) {
-                group_map.set(action, mutex_group)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // add all actions to this container or their group
-        for (let action of container._actions) {
-            group_map.get(action)._add_action(action)
-        }
-    }
-
-    _get_positional_kwargs() {
-        let [
-            dest,
-            kwargs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            dest: no_default,
-            '**kwargs': no_default
-        })
-
-        // make sure required is not specified
-        if ('required' in kwargs) {
-            let msg = "'required' is an invalid argument for positionals"
-            throw new TypeError(msg)
-        }
-
-        // mark positional arguments as required if at least one is
-        // always required
-        if (![OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE].includes(kwargs.nargs)) {
-            kwargs.required = true
-        }
-        if (kwargs.nargs === ZERO_OR_MORE && !('default' in kwargs)) {
-            kwargs.required = true
-        }
-
-        // return the keyword arguments with no option strings
-        return Object.assign(kwargs, { dest, option_strings: [] })
-    }
-
-    _get_optional_kwargs() {
-        let [
-            args,
-            kwargs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            '*args': no_default,
-            '**kwargs': no_default
-        })
-
-        // determine short and long option strings
-        let option_strings = []
-        let long_option_strings = []
-        let option_string
-        for (option_string of args) {
-            // error on strings that don't start with an appropriate prefix
-            if (!this.prefix_chars.includes(option_string[0])) {
-                let args = {option: option_string,
-                            prefix_chars: this.prefix_chars}
-                let msg = 'invalid option string %(option)r: ' +
-                          'must start with a character %(prefix_chars)r'
-                throw new TypeError(sub(msg, args))
-            }
-
-            // strings starting with two prefix characters are long options
-            option_strings.push(option_string)
-            if (option_string.length > 1 && this.prefix_chars.includes(option_string[1])) {
-                long_option_strings.push(option_string)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // infer destination, '--foo-bar' -> 'foo_bar' and '-x' -> 'x'
-        let dest = kwargs.dest
-        delete kwargs.dest
-        if (dest === undefined) {
-            let dest_option_string
-            if (long_option_strings.length) {
-                dest_option_string = long_option_strings[0]
-            } else {
-                dest_option_string = option_strings[0]
-            }
-            dest = _string_lstrip(dest_option_string, this.prefix_chars)
-            if (!dest) {
-                let msg = 'dest= is required for options like %r'
-                throw new TypeError(sub(msg, option_string))
-            }
-            dest = dest.replace(/-/g, '_')
-        }
-
-        // return the updated keyword arguments
-        return Object.assign(kwargs, { dest, option_strings })
-    }
-
-    _pop_action_class(kwargs, default_value = undefined) {
-        let action = getattr(kwargs, 'action', default_value)
-        delete kwargs.action
-        return this._registry_get('action', action, action)
-    }
-
-    _get_handler() {
-        // determine function from conflict handler string
-        let handler_func_name = sub('_handle_conflict_%s', this.conflict_handler)
-        if (typeof this[handler_func_name] === 'function') {
-            return this[handler_func_name]
-        } else {
-            let msg = 'invalid conflict_resolution value: %r'
-            throw new TypeError(sub(msg, this.conflict_handler))
-        }
-    }
-
-    _check_conflict(action) {
-
-        // find all options that conflict with this option
-        let confl_optionals = []
-        for (let option_string of action.option_strings) {
-            if (hasattr(this._option_string_actions, option_string)) {
-                let confl_optional = this._option_string_actions[option_string]
-                confl_optionals.push([ option_string, confl_optional ])
-            }
-        }
-
-        // resolve any conflicts
-        if (confl_optionals.length) {
-            let conflict_handler = this._get_handler()
-            conflict_handler.call(this, action, confl_optionals)
-        }
-    }
-
-    _handle_conflict_error(action, conflicting_actions) {
-        let message = conflicting_actions.length === 1 ?
-            'conflicting option string: %s' :
-            'conflicting option strings: %s'
-        let conflict_string = conflicting_actions.map(([ option_string/*, action*/ ]) => option_string).join(', ')
-        throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(message, conflict_string))
-    }
-
-    _handle_conflict_resolve(action, conflicting_actions) {
-
-        // remove all conflicting options
-        for (let [ option_string, action ] of conflicting_actions) {
-
-            // remove the conflicting option
-            _array_remove(action.option_strings, option_string)
-            delete this._option_string_actions[option_string]
-
-            // if the option now has no option string, remove it from the
-            // container holding it
-            if (!action.option_strings.length) {
-                action.container._remove_action(action)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}))
-
-
-const _ArgumentGroup = _callable(class _ArgumentGroup extends _ActionsContainer {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            container,
-            title,
-            description,
-            kwargs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            container: no_default,
-            title: undefined,
-            description: undefined,
-            '**kwargs': no_default
-        })
-
-        // add any missing keyword arguments by checking the container
-        setdefault(kwargs, 'conflict_handler', container.conflict_handler)
-        setdefault(kwargs, 'prefix_chars', container.prefix_chars)
-        setdefault(kwargs, 'argument_default', container.argument_default)
-        super(Object.assign({ description }, kwargs))
-
-        // group attributes
-        this.title = title
-        this._group_actions = []
-
-        // share most attributes with the container
-        this._registries = container._registries
-        this._actions = container._actions
-        this._option_string_actions = container._option_string_actions
-        this._defaults = container._defaults
-        this._has_negative_number_optionals =
-            container._has_negative_number_optionals
-        this._mutually_exclusive_groups = container._mutually_exclusive_groups
-    }
-
-    _add_action(action) {
-        action = super._add_action(action)
-        this._group_actions.push(action)
-        return action
-    }
-
-    _remove_action(action) {
-        super._remove_action(action)
-        _array_remove(this._group_actions, action)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const _MutuallyExclusiveGroup = _callable(class _MutuallyExclusiveGroup extends _ArgumentGroup {
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            container,
-            required
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            container: no_default,
-            required: false
-        })
-
-        super(container)
-        this.required = required
-        this._container = container
-    }
-
-    _add_action(action) {
-        if (action.required) {
-            let msg = 'mutually exclusive arguments must be optional'
-            throw new TypeError(msg)
-        }
-        action = this._container._add_action(action)
-        this._group_actions.push(action)
-        return action
-    }
-
-    _remove_action(action) {
-        this._container._remove_action(action)
-        _array_remove(this._group_actions, action)
-    }
-})
-
-
-const ArgumentParser = _camelcase_alias(_callable(class ArgumentParser extends _AttributeHolder(_ActionsContainer) {
-    /*
-     *  Object for parsing command line strings into Python objects.
-     *
-     *  Keyword Arguments:
-     *      - prog -- The name of the program (default: sys.argv[0])
-     *      - usage -- A usage message (default: auto-generated from arguments)
-     *      - description -- A description of what the program does
-     *      - epilog -- Text following the argument descriptions
-     *      - parents -- Parsers whose arguments should be copied into this one
-     *      - formatter_class -- HelpFormatter class for printing help messages
-     *      - prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix optional arguments
-     *      - fromfile_prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix files containing
-     *          additional arguments
-     *      - argument_default -- The default value for all arguments
-     *      - conflict_handler -- String indicating how to handle conflicts
-     *      - add_help -- Add a -h/-help option
-     *      - allow_abbrev -- Allow long options to be abbreviated unambiguously
-     *      - exit_on_error -- Determines whether or not ArgumentParser exits with
-     *          error info when an error occurs
-     */
-
-    constructor() {
-        let [
-            prog,
-            usage,
-            description,
-            epilog,
-            parents,
-            formatter_class,
-            prefix_chars,
-            fromfile_prefix_chars,
-            argument_default,
-            conflict_handler,
-            add_help,
-            allow_abbrev,
-            exit_on_error,
-            debug, // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), debug mode
-            version // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), version
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            prog: undefined,
-            usage: undefined,
-            description: undefined,
-            epilog: undefined,
-            parents: [],
-            formatter_class: HelpFormatter,
-            prefix_chars: '-',
-            fromfile_prefix_chars: undefined,
-            argument_default: undefined,
-            conflict_handler: 'error',
-            add_help: true,
-            allow_abbrev: true,
-            exit_on_error: true,
-            debug: undefined, // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), debug mode
-            version: undefined // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), version
-        })
-
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility)
-        if (debug !== undefined) {
-            deprecate('debug',
-                'The "debug" argument to ArgumentParser is deprecated. Please ' +
-                'override ArgumentParser.exit function instead.'
-            )
-        }
-
-        if (version !== undefined) {
-            deprecate('version',
-                'The "version" argument to ArgumentParser is deprecated. Please use ' +
-                "add_argument(..., { action: 'version', version: 'N', ... }) instead."
-            )
-        }
-        // end
-
-        super({
-            description,
-            prefix_chars,
-            argument_default,
-            conflict_handler
-        })
-
-        // default setting for prog
-        if (prog === undefined) {
-            prog = path.basename(get_argv()[0] || '')
-        }
-
-        this.prog = prog
-        this.usage = usage
-        this.epilog = epilog
-        this.formatter_class = formatter_class
-        this.fromfile_prefix_chars = fromfile_prefix_chars
-        this.add_help = add_help
-        this.allow_abbrev = allow_abbrev
-        this.exit_on_error = exit_on_error
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), debug mode
-        this.debug = debug
-        // end
-
-        this._positionals = this.add_argument_group('positional arguments')
-        this._optionals = this.add_argument_group('optional arguments')
-        this._subparsers = undefined
-
-        // register types
-        function identity(string) {
-            return string
-        }
-        this.register('type', undefined, identity)
-        this.register('type', null, identity)
-        this.register('type', 'auto', identity)
-        this.register('type', 'int', function (x) {
-            let result = Number(x)
-            if (!Number.isInteger(result)) {
-                throw new TypeError(sub('could not convert string to int: %r', x))
-            }
-            return result
-        })
-        this.register('type', 'float', function (x) {
-            let result = Number(x)
-            if (isNaN(result)) {
-                throw new TypeError(sub('could not convert string to float: %r', x))
-            }
-            return result
-        })
-        this.register('type', 'str', String)
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility): custom types
-        this.register('type', 'string',
-            util.deprecate(String, 'use {type:"str"} or {type:String} instead of {type:"string"}'))
-        // end
-
-        // add help argument if necessary
-        // (using explicit default to override global argument_default)
-        let default_prefix = prefix_chars.includes('-') ? '-' : prefix_chars[0]
-        if (this.add_help) {
-            this.add_argument(
-                default_prefix + 'h',
-                default_prefix.repeat(2) + 'help',
-                {
-                    action: 'help',
-                    default: SUPPRESS,
-                    help: 'show this help message and exit'
-                }
-            )
-        }
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), version
-        if (version) {
-            this.add_argument(
-                default_prefix + 'v',
-                default_prefix.repeat(2) + 'version',
-                {
-                    action: 'version',
-                    default: SUPPRESS,
-                    version: this.version,
-                    help: "show program's version number and exit"
-                }
-            )
-        }
-        // end
-
-        // add parent arguments and defaults
-        for (let parent of parents) {
-            this._add_container_actions(parent)
-            Object.assign(this._defaults, parent._defaults)
-        }
-    }
-
-    // =======================
-    // Pretty __repr__ methods
-    // =======================
-    _get_kwargs() {
-        let names = [
-            'prog',
-            'usage',
-            'description',
-            'formatter_class',
-            'conflict_handler',
-            'add_help'
-        ]
-        return names.map(name => [ name, getattr(this, name) ])
-    }
-
-    // ==================================
-    // Optional/Positional adding methods
-    // ==================================
-    add_subparsers() {
-        let [
-            kwargs
-        ] = _parse_opts(arguments, {
-            '**kwargs': no_default
-        })
-
-        if (this._subparsers !== undefined) {
-            this.error('cannot have multiple subparser arguments')
-        }
-
-        // add the parser class to the arguments if it's not present
-        setdefault(kwargs, 'parser_class', this.constructor)
-
-        if ('title' in kwargs || 'description' in kwargs) {
-            let title = getattr(kwargs, 'title', 'subcommands')
-            let description = getattr(kwargs, 'description', undefined)
-            delete kwargs.title
-            delete kwargs.description
-            this._subparsers = this.add_argument_group(title, description)
-        } else {
-            this._subparsers = this._positionals
-        }
-
-        // prog defaults to the usage message of this parser, skipping
-        // optional arguments and with no "usage:" prefix
-        if (kwargs.prog === undefined) {
-            let formatter = this._get_formatter()
-            let positionals = this._get_positional_actions()
-            let groups = this._mutually_exclusive_groups
-            formatter.add_usage(this.usage, positionals, groups, '')
-            kwargs.prog = formatter.format_help().trim()
-        }
-
-        // create the parsers action and add it to the positionals list
-        let parsers_class = this._pop_action_class(kwargs, 'parsers')
-        // eslint-disable-next-line new-cap
-        let action = new parsers_class(Object.assign({ option_strings: [] }, kwargs))
-        this._subparsers._add_action(action)
-
-        // return the created parsers action
-        return action
-    }
-
-    _add_action(action) {
-        if (action.option_strings.length) {
-            this._optionals._add_action(action)
-        } else {
-            this._positionals._add_action(action)
-        }
-        return action
-    }
-
-    _get_optional_actions() {
-        return this._actions.filter(action => action.option_strings.length)
-    }
-
-    _get_positional_actions() {
-        return this._actions.filter(action => !action.option_strings.length)
-    }
-
-    // =====================================
-    // Command line argument parsing methods
-    // =====================================
-    parse_args(args = undefined, namespace = undefined) {
-        let argv
-        [ args, argv ] = this.parse_known_args(args, namespace)
-        if (argv && argv.length > 0) {
-            let msg = 'unrecognized arguments: %s'
-            this.error(sub(msg, argv.join(' ')))
-        }
-        return args
-    }
-
-    parse_known_args(args = undefined, namespace = undefined) {
-        if (args === undefined) {
-            args = get_argv().slice(1)
-        }
-
-        // default Namespace built from parser defaults
-        if (namespace === undefined) {
-            namespace = new Namespace()
-        }
-
-        // add any action defaults that aren't present
-        for (let action of this._actions) {
-            if (action.dest !== SUPPRESS) {
-                if (!hasattr(namespace, action.dest)) {
-                    if (action.default !== SUPPRESS) {
-                        setattr(namespace, action.dest, action.default)
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // add any parser defaults that aren't present
-        for (let dest of Object.keys(this._defaults)) {
-            if (!hasattr(namespace, dest)) {
-                setattr(namespace, dest, this._defaults[dest])
-            }
-        }
-
-        // parse the arguments and exit if there are any errors
-        if (this.exit_on_error) {
-            try {
-                [ namespace, args ] = this._parse_known_args(args, namespace)
-            } catch (err) {
-                if (err instanceof ArgumentError) {
-                    this.error(err.message)
-                } else {
-                    throw err
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            [ namespace, args ] = this._parse_known_args(args, namespace)
-        }
-
-        if (hasattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR)) {
-            args = args.concat(getattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR))
-            delattr(namespace, _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR)
-        }
-
-        return [ namespace, args ]
-    }
-
-    _parse_known_args(arg_strings, namespace) {
-        // replace arg strings that are file references
-        if (this.fromfile_prefix_chars !== undefined) {
-            arg_strings = this._read_args_from_files(arg_strings)
-        }
-
-        // map all mutually exclusive arguments to the other arguments
-        // they can't occur with
-        let action_conflicts = new Map()
-        for (let mutex_group of this._mutually_exclusive_groups) {
-            let group_actions = mutex_group._group_actions
-            for (let [ i, mutex_action ] of Object.entries(mutex_group._group_actions)) {
-                let conflicts = action_conflicts.get(mutex_action) || []
-                conflicts = conflicts.concat(group_actions.slice(0, +i))
-                conflicts = conflicts.concat(group_actions.slice(+i + 1))
-                action_conflicts.set(mutex_action, conflicts)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // find all option indices, and determine the arg_string_pattern
-        // which has an 'O' if there is an option at an index,
-        // an 'A' if there is an argument, or a '-' if there is a '--'
-        let option_string_indices = {}
-        let arg_string_pattern_parts = []
-        let arg_strings_iter = Object.entries(arg_strings)[Symbol.iterator]()
-        for (let [ i, arg_string ] of arg_strings_iter) {
-
-            // all args after -- are non-options
-            if (arg_string === '--') {
-                arg_string_pattern_parts.push('-')
-                for ([ i, arg_string ] of arg_strings_iter) {
-                    arg_string_pattern_parts.push('A')
-                }
-
-            // otherwise, add the arg to the arg strings
-            // and note the index if it was an option
-            } else {
-                let option_tuple = this._parse_optional(arg_string)
-                let pattern
-                if (option_tuple === undefined) {
-                    pattern = 'A'
-                } else {
-                    option_string_indices[i] = option_tuple
-                    pattern = 'O'
-                }
-                arg_string_pattern_parts.push(pattern)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // join the pieces together to form the pattern
-        let arg_strings_pattern = arg_string_pattern_parts.join('')
-
-        // converts arg strings to the appropriate and then takes the action
-        let seen_actions = new Set()
-        let seen_non_default_actions = new Set()
-        let extras
-
-        let take_action = (action, argument_strings, option_string = undefined) => {
-            seen_actions.add(action)
-            let argument_values = this._get_values(action, argument_strings)
-
-            // error if this argument is not allowed with other previously
-            // seen arguments, assuming that actions that use the default
-            // value don't really count as "present"
-            if (argument_values !== action.default) {
-                seen_non_default_actions.add(action)
-                for (let conflict_action of action_conflicts.get(action) || []) {
-                    if (seen_non_default_actions.has(conflict_action)) {
-                        let msg = 'not allowed with argument %s'
-                        let action_name = _get_action_name(conflict_action)
-                        throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(msg, action_name))
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            // take the action if we didn't receive a SUPPRESS value
-            // (e.g. from a default)
-            if (argument_values !== SUPPRESS) {
-                action(this, namespace, argument_values, option_string)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // function to convert arg_strings into an optional action
-        let consume_optional = start_index => {
-
-            // get the optional identified at this index
-            let option_tuple = option_string_indices[start_index]
-            let [ action, option_string, explicit_arg ] = option_tuple
-
-            // identify additional optionals in the same arg string
-            // (e.g. -xyz is the same as -x -y -z if no args are required)
-            let action_tuples = []
-            let stop
-            for (;;) {
-
-                // if we found no optional action, skip it
-                if (action === undefined) {
-                    extras.push(arg_strings[start_index])
-                    return start_index + 1
-                }
-
-                // if there is an explicit argument, try to match the
-                // optional's string arguments to only this
-                if (explicit_arg !== undefined) {
-                    let arg_count = this._match_argument(action, 'A')
-
-                    // if the action is a single-dash option and takes no
-                    // arguments, try to parse more single-dash options out
-                    // of the tail of the option string
-                    let chars = this.prefix_chars
-                    if (arg_count === 0 && !chars.includes(option_string[1])) {
-                        action_tuples.push([ action, [], option_string ])
-                        let char = option_string[0]
-                        option_string = char + explicit_arg[0]
-                        let new_explicit_arg = explicit_arg.slice(1) || undefined
-                        let optionals_map = this._option_string_actions
-                        if (hasattr(optionals_map, option_string)) {
-                            action = optionals_map[option_string]
-                            explicit_arg = new_explicit_arg
-                        } else {
-                            let msg = 'ignored explicit argument %r'
-                            throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(msg, explicit_arg))
-                        }
-
-                    // if the action expect exactly one argument, we've
-                    // successfully matched the option; exit the loop
-                    } else if (arg_count === 1) {
-                        stop = start_index + 1
-                        let args = [ explicit_arg ]
-                        action_tuples.push([ action, args, option_string ])
-                        break
-
-                    // error if a double-dash option did not use the
-                    // explicit argument
-                    } else {
-                        let msg = 'ignored explicit argument %r'
-                        throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(msg, explicit_arg))
-                    }
-
-                // if there is no explicit argument, try to match the
-                // optional's string arguments with the following strings
-                // if successful, exit the loop
-                } else {
-                    let start = start_index + 1
-                    let selected_patterns = arg_strings_pattern.slice(start)
-                    let arg_count = this._match_argument(action, selected_patterns)
-                    stop = start + arg_count
-                    let args = arg_strings.slice(start, stop)
-                    action_tuples.push([ action, args, option_string ])
-                    break
-                }
-            }
-
-            // add the Optional to the list and return the index at which
-            // the Optional's string args stopped
-            assert(action_tuples.length)
-            for (let [ action, args, option_string ] of action_tuples) {
-                take_action(action, args, option_string)
-            }
-            return stop
-        }
-
-        // the list of Positionals left to be parsed; this is modified
-        // by consume_positionals()
-        let positionals = this._get_positional_actions()
-
-        // function to convert arg_strings into positional actions
-        let consume_positionals = start_index => {
-            // match as many Positionals as possible
-            let selected_pattern = arg_strings_pattern.slice(start_index)
-            let arg_counts = this._match_arguments_partial(positionals, selected_pattern)
-
-            // slice off the appropriate arg strings for each Positional
-            // and add the Positional and its args to the list
-            for (let i = 0; i < positionals.length && i < arg_counts.length; i++) {
-                let action = positionals[i]
-                let arg_count = arg_counts[i]
-                let args = arg_strings.slice(start_index, start_index + arg_count)
-                start_index += arg_count
-                take_action(action, args)
-            }
-
-            // slice off the Positionals that we just parsed and return the
-            // index at which the Positionals' string args stopped
-            positionals = positionals.slice(arg_counts.length)
-            return start_index
-        }
-
-        // consume Positionals and Optionals alternately, until we have
-        // passed the last option string
-        extras = []
-        let start_index = 0
-        let max_option_string_index = Math.max(-1, ...Object.keys(option_string_indices).map(Number))
-        while (start_index <= max_option_string_index) {
-
-            // consume any Positionals preceding the next option
-            let next_option_string_index = Math.min(
-                // eslint-disable-next-line no-loop-func
-                ...Object.keys(option_string_indices).map(Number).filter(index => index >= start_index)
-            )
-            if (start_index !== next_option_string_index) {
-                let positionals_end_index = consume_positionals(start_index)
-
-                // only try to parse the next optional if we didn't consume
-                // the option string during the positionals parsing
-                if (positionals_end_index > start_index) {
-                    start_index = positionals_end_index
-                    continue
-                } else {
-                    start_index = positionals_end_index
-                }
-            }
-
-            // if we consumed all the positionals we could and we're not
-            // at the index of an option string, there were extra arguments
-            if (!(start_index in option_string_indices)) {
-                let strings = arg_strings.slice(start_index, next_option_string_index)
-                extras = extras.concat(strings)
-                start_index = next_option_string_index
-            }
-
-            // consume the next optional and any arguments for it
-            start_index = consume_optional(start_index)
-        }
-
-        // consume any positionals following the last Optional
-        let stop_index = consume_positionals(start_index)
-
-        // if we didn't consume all the argument strings, there were extras
-        extras = extras.concat(arg_strings.slice(stop_index))
-
-        // make sure all required actions were present and also convert
-        // action defaults which were not given as arguments
-        let required_actions = []
-        for (let action of this._actions) {
-            if (!seen_actions.has(action)) {
-                if (action.required) {
-                    required_actions.push(_get_action_name(action))
-                } else {
-                    // Convert action default now instead of doing it before
-                    // parsing arguments to avoid calling convert functions
-                    // twice (which may fail) if the argument was given, but
-                    // only if it was defined already in the namespace
-                    if (action.default !== undefined &&
-                        typeof action.default === 'string' &&
-                        hasattr(namespace, action.dest) &&
-                        action.default === getattr(namespace, action.dest)) {
-                        setattr(namespace, action.dest,
-                                this._get_value(action, action.default))
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (required_actions.length) {
-            this.error(sub('the following arguments are required: %s',
-                       required_actions.join(', ')))
-        }
-
-        // make sure all required groups had one option present
-        for (let group of this._mutually_exclusive_groups) {
-            if (group.required) {
-                let no_actions_used = true
-                for (let action of group._group_actions) {
-                    if (seen_non_default_actions.has(action)) {
-                        no_actions_used = false
-                        break
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // if no actions were used, report the error
-                if (no_actions_used) {
-                    let names = group._group_actions
-                        .filter(action => action.help !== SUPPRESS)
-                        .map(action => _get_action_name(action))
-                    let msg = 'one of the arguments %s is required'
-                    this.error(sub(msg, names.join(' ')))
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // return the updated namespace and the extra arguments
-        return [ namespace, extras ]
-    }
-
-    _read_args_from_files(arg_strings) {
-        // expand arguments referencing files
-        let new_arg_strings = []
-        for (let arg_string of arg_strings) {
-
-            // for regular arguments, just add them back into the list
-            if (!arg_string || !this.fromfile_prefix_chars.includes(arg_string[0])) {
-                new_arg_strings.push(arg_string)
-
-            // replace arguments referencing files with the file content
-            } else {
-                try {
-                    let args_file = fs.readFileSync(arg_string.slice(1), 'utf8')
-                    let arg_strings = []
-                    for (let arg_line of splitlines(args_file)) {
-                        for (let arg of this.convert_arg_line_to_args(arg_line)) {
-                            arg_strings.push(arg)
-                        }
-                    }
-                    arg_strings = this._read_args_from_files(arg_strings)
-                    new_arg_strings = new_arg_strings.concat(arg_strings)
-                } catch (err) {
-                    this.error(err.message)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // return the modified argument list
-        return new_arg_strings
-    }
-
-    convert_arg_line_to_args(arg_line) {
-        return [arg_line]
-    }
-
-    _match_argument(action, arg_strings_pattern) {
-        // match the pattern for this action to the arg strings
-        let nargs_pattern = this._get_nargs_pattern(action)
-        let match = arg_strings_pattern.match(new RegExp('^' + nargs_pattern))
-
-        // raise an exception if we weren't able to find a match
-        if (match === null) {
-            let nargs_errors = {
-                undefined: 'expected one argument',
-                [OPTIONAL]: 'expected at most one argument',
-                [ONE_OR_MORE]: 'expected at least one argument'
-            }
-            let msg = nargs_errors[action.nargs]
-            if (msg === undefined) {
-                msg = sub(action.nargs === 1 ? 'expected %s argument' : 'expected %s arguments', action.nargs)
-            }
-            throw new ArgumentError(action, msg)
-        }
-
-        // return the number of arguments matched
-        return match[1].length
-    }
-
-    _match_arguments_partial(actions, arg_strings_pattern) {
-        // progressively shorten the actions list by slicing off the
-        // final actions until we find a match
-        let result = []
-        for (let i of range(actions.length, 0, -1)) {
-            let actions_slice = actions.slice(0, i)
-            let pattern = actions_slice.map(action => this._get_nargs_pattern(action)).join('')
-            let match = arg_strings_pattern.match(new RegExp('^' + pattern))
-            if (match !== null) {
-                result = result.concat(match.slice(1).map(string => string.length))
-                break
-            }
-        }
-
-        // return the list of arg string counts
-        return result
-    }
-
-    _parse_optional(arg_string) {
-        // if it's an empty string, it was meant to be a positional
-        if (!arg_string) {
-            return undefined
-        }
-
-        // if it doesn't start with a prefix, it was meant to be positional
-        if (!this.prefix_chars.includes(arg_string[0])) {
-            return undefined
-        }
-
-        // if the option string is present in the parser, return the action
-        if (arg_string in this._option_string_actions) {
-            let action = this._option_string_actions[arg_string]
-            return [ action, arg_string, undefined ]
-        }
-
-        // if it's just a single character, it was meant to be positional
-        if (arg_string.length === 1) {
-            return undefined
-        }
-
-        // if the option string before the "=" is present, return the action
-        if (arg_string.includes('=')) {
-            let [ option_string, explicit_arg ] = _string_split(arg_string, '=', 1)
-            if (option_string in this._option_string_actions) {
-                let action = this._option_string_actions[option_string]
-                return [ action, option_string, explicit_arg ]
-            }
-        }
-
-        // search through all possible prefixes of the option string
-        // and all actions in the parser for possible interpretations
-        let option_tuples = this._get_option_tuples(arg_string)
-
-        // if multiple actions match, the option string was ambiguous
-        if (option_tuples.length > 1) {
-            let options = option_tuples.map(([ /*action*/, option_string/*, explicit_arg*/ ]) => option_string).join(', ')
-            let args = {option: arg_string, matches: options}
-            let msg = 'ambiguous option: %(option)s could match %(matches)s'
-            this.error(sub(msg, args))
-
-        // if exactly one action matched, this segmentation is good,
-        // so return the parsed action
-        } else if (option_tuples.length === 1) {
-            let [ option_tuple ] = option_tuples
-            return option_tuple
-        }
-
-        // if it was not found as an option, but it looks like a negative
-        // number, it was meant to be positional
-        // unless there are negative-number-like options
-        if (this._negative_number_matcher.test(arg_string)) {
-            if (!this._has_negative_number_optionals.length) {
-                return undefined
-            }
-        }
-
-        // if it contains a space, it was meant to be a positional
-        if (arg_string.includes(' ')) {
-            return undefined
-        }
-
-        // it was meant to be an optional but there is no such option
-        // in this parser (though it might be a valid option in a subparser)
-        return [ undefined, arg_string, undefined ]
-    }
-
-    _get_option_tuples(option_string) {
-        let result = []
-
-        // option strings starting with two prefix characters are only
-        // split at the '='
-        let chars = this.prefix_chars
-        if (chars.includes(option_string[0]) && chars.includes(option_string[1])) {
-            if (this.allow_abbrev) {
-                let option_prefix, explicit_arg
-                if (option_string.includes('=')) {
-                    [ option_prefix, explicit_arg ] = _string_split(option_string, '=', 1)
-                } else {
-                    option_prefix = option_string
-                    explicit_arg = undefined
-                }
-                for (let option_string of Object.keys(this._option_string_actions)) {
-                    if (option_string.startsWith(option_prefix)) {
-                        let action = this._option_string_actions[option_string]
-                        let tup = [ action, option_string, explicit_arg ]
-                        result.push(tup)
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-        // single character options can be concatenated with their arguments
-        // but multiple character options always have to have their argument
-        // separate
-        } else if (chars.includes(option_string[0]) && !chars.includes(option_string[1])) {
-            let option_prefix = option_string
-            let explicit_arg = undefined
-            let short_option_prefix = option_string.slice(0, 2)
-            let short_explicit_arg = option_string.slice(2)
-
-            for (let option_string of Object.keys(this._option_string_actions)) {
-                if (option_string === short_option_prefix) {
-                    let action = this._option_string_actions[option_string]
-                    let tup = [ action, option_string, short_explicit_arg ]
-                    result.push(tup)
-                } else if (option_string.startsWith(option_prefix)) {
-                    let action = this._option_string_actions[option_string]
-                    let tup = [ action, option_string, explicit_arg ]
-                    result.push(tup)
-                }
-            }
-
-        // shouldn't ever get here
-        } else {
-            this.error(sub('unexpected option string: %s', option_string))
-        }
-
-        // return the collected option tuples
-        return result
-    }
-
-    _get_nargs_pattern(action) {
-        // in all examples below, we have to allow for '--' args
-        // which are represented as '-' in the pattern
-        let nargs = action.nargs
-        let nargs_pattern
-
-        // the default (None) is assumed to be a single argument
-        if (nargs === undefined) {
-            nargs_pattern = '(-*A-*)'
-
-        // allow zero or one arguments
-        } else if (nargs === OPTIONAL) {
-            nargs_pattern = '(-*A?-*)'
-
-        // allow zero or more arguments
-        } else if (nargs === ZERO_OR_MORE) {
-            nargs_pattern = '(-*[A-]*)'
-
-        // allow one or more arguments
-        } else if (nargs === ONE_OR_MORE) {
-            nargs_pattern = '(-*A[A-]*)'
-
-        // allow any number of options or arguments
-        } else if (nargs === REMAINDER) {
-            nargs_pattern = '([-AO]*)'
-
-        // allow one argument followed by any number of options or arguments
-        } else if (nargs === PARSER) {
-            nargs_pattern = '(-*A[-AO]*)'
-
-        // suppress action, like nargs=0
-        } else if (nargs === SUPPRESS) {
-            nargs_pattern = '(-*-*)'
-
-        // all others should be integers
-        } else {
-            nargs_pattern = sub('(-*%s-*)', 'A'.repeat(nargs).split('').join('-*'))
-        }
-
-        // if this is an optional action, -- is not allowed
-        if (action.option_strings.length) {
-            nargs_pattern = nargs_pattern.replace(/-\*/g, '')
-            nargs_pattern = nargs_pattern.replace(/-/g, '')
-        }
-
-        // return the pattern
-        return nargs_pattern
-    }
-
-    // ========================
-    // Alt command line argument parsing, allowing free intermix
-    // ========================
-
-    parse_intermixed_args(args = undefined, namespace = undefined) {
-        let argv
-        [ args, argv ] = this.parse_known_intermixed_args(args, namespace)
-        if (argv.length) {
-            let msg = 'unrecognized arguments: %s'
-            this.error(sub(msg, argv.join(' ')))
-        }
-        return args
-    }
-
-    parse_known_intermixed_args(args = undefined, namespace = undefined) {
-        // returns a namespace and list of extras
-        //
-        // positional can be freely intermixed with optionals.  optionals are
-        // first parsed with all positional arguments deactivated.  The 'extras'
-        // are then parsed.  If the parser definition is incompatible with the
-        // intermixed assumptions (e.g. use of REMAINDER, subparsers) a
-        // TypeError is raised.
-        //
-        // positionals are 'deactivated' by setting nargs and default to
-        // SUPPRESS.  This blocks the addition of that positional to the
-        // namespace
-
-        let extras
-        let positionals = this._get_positional_actions()
-        let a = positionals.filter(action => [ PARSER, REMAINDER ].includes(action.nargs))
-        if (a.length) {
-            throw new TypeError(sub('parse_intermixed_args: positional arg' +
-                                    ' with nargs=%s', a[0].nargs))
-        }
-
-        for (let group of this._mutually_exclusive_groups) {
-            for (let action of group._group_actions) {
-                if (positionals.includes(action)) {
-                    throw new TypeError('parse_intermixed_args: positional in' +
-                                        ' mutuallyExclusiveGroup')
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        let save_usage
-        try {
-            save_usage = this.usage
-            let remaining_args
-            try {
-                if (this.usage === undefined) {
-                    // capture the full usage for use in error messages
-                    this.usage = this.format_usage().slice(7)
-                }
-                for (let action of positionals) {
-                    // deactivate positionals
-                    action.save_nargs = action.nargs
-                    // action.nargs = 0
-                    action.nargs = SUPPRESS
-                    action.save_default = action.default
-                    action.default = SUPPRESS
-                }
-                [ namespace, remaining_args ] = this.parse_known_args(args,
-                                                                      namespace)
-                for (let action of positionals) {
-                    // remove the empty positional values from namespace
-                    let attr = getattr(namespace, action.dest)
-                    if (Array.isArray(attr) && attr.length === 0) {
-                        // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
-                        console.warn(sub('Do not expect %s in %s', action.dest, namespace))
-                        delattr(namespace, action.dest)
-                    }
-                }
-            } finally {
-                // restore nargs and usage before exiting
-                for (let action of positionals) {
-                    action.nargs = action.save_nargs
-                    action.default = action.save_default
-                }
-            }
-            let optionals = this._get_optional_actions()
-            try {
-                // parse positionals.  optionals aren't normally required, but
-                // they could be, so make sure they aren't.
-                for (let action of optionals) {
-                    action.save_required = action.required
-                    action.required = false
-                }
-                for (let group of this._mutually_exclusive_groups) {
-                    group.save_required = group.required
-                    group.required = false
-                }
-                [ namespace, extras ] = this.parse_known_args(remaining_args,
-                                                              namespace)
-            } finally {
-                // restore parser values before exiting
-                for (let action of optionals) {
-                    action.required = action.save_required
-                }
-                for (let group of this._mutually_exclusive_groups) {
-                    group.required = group.save_required
-                }
-            }
-        } finally {
-            this.usage = save_usage
-        }
-        return [ namespace, extras ]
-    }
-
-    // ========================
-    // Value conversion methods
-    // ========================
-    _get_values(action, arg_strings) {
-        // for everything but PARSER, REMAINDER args, strip out first '--'
-        if (![PARSER, REMAINDER].includes(action.nargs)) {
-            try {
-                _array_remove(arg_strings, '--')
-            } catch (err) {}
-        }
-
-        let value
-        // optional argument produces a default when not present
-        if (!arg_strings.length && action.nargs === OPTIONAL) {
-            if (action.option_strings.length) {
-                value = action.const
-            } else {
-                value = action.default
-            }
-            if (typeof value === 'string') {
-                value = this._get_value(action, value)
-                this._check_value(action, value)
-            }
-
-        // when nargs='*' on a positional, if there were no command-line
-        // args, use the default if it is anything other than None
-        } else if (!arg_strings.length && action.nargs === ZERO_OR_MORE &&
-              !action.option_strings.length) {
-            if (action.default !== undefined) {
-                value = action.default
-            } else {
-                value = arg_strings
-            }
-            this._check_value(action, value)
-
-        // single argument or optional argument produces a single value
-        } else if (arg_strings.length === 1 && [undefined, OPTIONAL].includes(action.nargs)) {
-            let arg_string = arg_strings[0]
-            value = this._get_value(action, arg_string)
-            this._check_value(action, value)
-
-        // REMAINDER arguments convert all values, checking none
-        } else if (action.nargs === REMAINDER) {
-            value = arg_strings.map(v => this._get_value(action, v))
-
-        // PARSER arguments convert all values, but check only the first
-        } else if (action.nargs === PARSER) {
-            value = arg_strings.map(v => this._get_value(action, v))
-            this._check_value(action, value[0])
-
-        // SUPPRESS argument does not put anything in the namespace
-        } else if (action.nargs === SUPPRESS) {
-            value = SUPPRESS
-
-        // all other types of nargs produce a list
-        } else {
-            value = arg_strings.map(v => this._get_value(action, v))
-            for (let v of value) {
-                this._check_value(action, v)
-            }
-        }
-
-        // return the converted value
-        return value
-    }
-
-    _get_value(action, arg_string) {
-        let type_func = this._registry_get('type', action.type, action.type)
-        if (typeof type_func !== 'function') {
-            let msg = '%r is not callable'
-            throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(msg, type_func))
-        }
-
-        // convert the value to the appropriate type
-        let result
-        try {
-            try {
-                result = type_func(arg_string)
-            } catch (err) {
-                // Dear TC39, why would you ever consider making es6 classes not callable?
-                // We had one universal interface, [[Call]], which worked for anything
-                // (with familiar this-instanceof guard for classes). Now we have two.
-                if (err instanceof TypeError &&
-                    /Class constructor .* cannot be invoked without 'new'/.test(err.message)) {
-                    // eslint-disable-next-line new-cap
-                    result = new type_func(arg_string)
-                } else {
-                    throw err
-                }
-            }
-
-        } catch (err) {
-            // ArgumentTypeErrors indicate errors
-            if (err instanceof ArgumentTypeError) {
-                //let name = getattr(action.type, 'name', repr(action.type))
-                let msg = err.message
-                throw new ArgumentError(action, msg)
-
-            // TypeErrors or ValueErrors also indicate errors
-            } else if (err instanceof TypeError) {
-                let name = getattr(action.type, 'name', repr(action.type))
-                let args = {type: name, value: arg_string}
-                let msg = 'invalid %(type)s value: %(value)r'
-                throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(msg, args))
-            } else {
-                throw err
-            }
-        }
-
-        // return the converted value
-        return result
-    }
-
-    _check_value(action, value) {
-        // converted value must be one of the choices (if specified)
-        if (action.choices !== undefined && !_choices_to_array(action.choices).includes(value)) {
-            let args = {value,
-                        choices: _choices_to_array(action.choices).map(repr).join(', ')}
-            let msg = 'invalid choice: %(value)r (choose from %(choices)s)'
-            throw new ArgumentError(action, sub(msg, args))
-        }
-    }
-
-    // =======================
-    // Help-formatting methods
-    // =======================
-    format_usage() {
-        let formatter = this._get_formatter()
-        formatter.add_usage(this.usage, this._actions,
-                            this._mutually_exclusive_groups)
-        return formatter.format_help()
-    }
-
-    format_help() {
-        let formatter = this._get_formatter()
-
-        // usage
-        formatter.add_usage(this.usage, this._actions,
-                            this._mutually_exclusive_groups)
-
-        // description
-        formatter.add_text(this.description)
-
-        // positionals, optionals and user-defined groups
-        for (let action_group of this._action_groups) {
-            formatter.start_section(action_group.title)
-            formatter.add_text(action_group.description)
-            formatter.add_arguments(action_group._group_actions)
-            formatter.end_section()
-        }
-
-        // epilog
-        formatter.add_text(this.epilog)
-
-        // determine help from format above
-        return formatter.format_help()
-    }
-
-    _get_formatter() {
-        // eslint-disable-next-line new-cap
-        return new this.formatter_class({ prog: this.prog })
-    }
-
-    // =====================
-    // Help-printing methods
-    // =====================
-    print_usage(file = undefined) {
-        if (file === undefined) file = process.stdout
-        this._print_message(this.format_usage(), file)
-    }
-
-    print_help(file = undefined) {
-        if (file === undefined) file = process.stdout
-        this._print_message(this.format_help(), file)
-    }
-
-    _print_message(message, file = undefined) {
-        if (message) {
-            if (file === undefined) file = process.stderr
-            file.write(message)
-        }
-    }
-
-    // ===============
-    // Exiting methods
-    // ===============
-    exit(status = 0, message = undefined) {
-        if (message) {
-            this._print_message(message, process.stderr)
-        }
-        process.exit(status)
-    }
-
-    error(message) {
-        /*
-         *  error(message: string)
-         *
-         *  Prints a usage message incorporating the message to stderr and
-         *  exits.
-         *
-         *  If you override this in a subclass, it should not return -- it
-         *  should either exit or raise an exception.
-         */
-
-        // LEGACY (v1 compatibility), debug mode
-        if (this.debug === true) throw new Error(message)
-        // end
-        this.print_usage(process.stderr)
-        let args = {prog: this.prog, message: message}
-        this.exit(2, sub('%(prog)s: error: %(message)s\n', args))
-    }
-}))
-
-
-module.exports = {
-    ArgumentParser,
-    ArgumentError,
-    ArgumentTypeError,
-    BooleanOptionalAction,
-    FileType,
-    HelpFormatter,
-    ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter,
-    RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
-    RawTextHelpFormatter,
-    MetavarTypeHelpFormatter,
-    Namespace,
-    Action,
-    ONE_OR_MORE,
-    OPTIONAL,
-    PARSER,
-    REMAINDER,
-    SUPPRESS,
-    ZERO_OR_MORE
-}
-
-// LEGACY (v1 compatibility), Const alias
-Object.defineProperty(module.exports, 'Const', {
-    get() {
-        let result = {}
-        Object.entries({ ONE_OR_MORE, OPTIONAL, PARSER, REMAINDER, SUPPRESS, ZERO_OR_MORE }).forEach(([ n, v ]) => {
-            Object.defineProperty(result, n, {
-                get() {
-                    deprecate(n, sub('use argparse.%s instead of argparse.Const.%s', n, n))
-                    return v
-                }
-            })
-        })
-        Object.entries({ _UNRECOGNIZED_ARGS_ATTR }).forEach(([ n, v ]) => {
-            Object.defineProperty(result, n, {
-                get() {
-                    deprecate(n, sub('argparse.Const.%s is an internal symbol and will no longer be available', n))
-                    return v
-                }
-            })
-        })
-        return result
-    },
-    enumerable: false
-})
-// end