code-abyss 1.5.1

package/skills/development/rust.md

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+---
+name: rust
+description: Rust 开发。系统编程、内存安全、高性能、WebAssembly。当用户提到 Rust、Cargo、tokio、内存安全时使用。
+---
+
+# 📜 符箓秘典 · Rust
+
+
+## 基础语法
+
+### 所有权系统
+```rust
+fn main() {
+    // 所有权转移
+    let s1 = String::from("hello");
+    let s2 = s1;  // s1 不再有效
+    // println!("{}", s1);  // 编译错误
+
+    // 借用
+    let s3 = String::from("world");
+    let len = calculate_length(&s3);  // 借用
+    println!("{} has length {}", s3, len);  // s3 仍有效
+
+    // 可变借用
+    let mut s4 = String::from("hello");
+    change(&mut s4);
+}
+
+fn calculate_length(s: &String) -> usize {
+    s.len()
+}
+
+fn change(s: &mut String) {
+    s.push_str(", world");
+}
+```
+
+### 结构体与枚举
+```rust
+// 结构体
+struct User {
+    name: String,
+    email: String,
+    active: bool,
+}
+
+impl User {
+    fn new(name: String, email: String) -> Self {
+        Self { name, email, active: true }
+    }
+
+    fn deactivate(&mut self) {
+        self.active = false;
+    }
+}
+
+// 枚举
+enum Result<T, E> {
+    Ok(T),
+    Err(E),
+}
+
+enum Message {
+    Quit,
+    Move { x: i32, y: i32 },
+    Write(String),
+}
+
+// 模式匹配
+fn handle_message(msg: Message) {
+    match msg {
+        Message::Quit => println!("Quit"),
+        Message::Move { x, y } => println!("Move to ({}, {})", x, y),
+        Message::Write(text) => println!("Write: {}", text),
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 错误处理
+```rust
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::io::{self, Read};
+
+// Result 处理
+fn read_file(path: &str) -> Result<String, io::Error> {
+    let mut file = File::open(path)?;  // ? 操作符
+    let mut contents = String::new();
+    file.read_to_string(&mut contents)?;
+    Ok(contents)
+}
+
+// 自定义错误
+#[derive(Debug)]
+enum AppError {
+    IoError(io::Error),
+    ParseError(String),
+}
+
+impl From<io::Error> for AppError {
+    fn from(err: io::Error) -> Self {
+        AppError::IoError(err)
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 异步编程
+
+### Tokio
+```rust
+use tokio;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    let result = fetch_data().await;
+    println!("{:?}", result);
+}
+
+async fn fetch_data() -> Result<String, reqwest::Error> {
+    let resp = reqwest::get("https://api.example.com/data")
+        .await?
+        .text()
+        .await?;
+    Ok(resp)
+}
+
+// 并发执行
+async fn fetch_all(urls: Vec<&str>) -> Vec<String> {
+    let futures: Vec<_> = urls.iter()
+        .map(|url| fetch_url(url))
+        .collect();
+
+    futures::future::join_all(futures).await
+}
+
+// Channel
+use tokio::sync::mpsc;
+
+async fn channel_example() {
+    let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(32);
+
+    tokio::spawn(async move {
+        tx.send("hello").await.unwrap();
+    });
+
+    while let Some(msg) = rx.recv().await {
+        println!("Received: {}", msg);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Web 框架
+
+### Axum
+```rust
+use axum::{
+    routing::{get, post},
+    Router, Json, extract::Path,
+};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+struct User {
+    id: u64,
+    name: String,
+}
+
+async fn get_user(Path(id): Path<u64>) -> Json<User> {
+    Json(User { id, name: "Alice".to_string() })
+}
+
+async fn create_user(Json(user): Json<User>) -> Json<User> {
+    Json(user)
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    let app = Router::new()
+        .route("/users/:id", get(get_user))
+        .route("/users", post(create_user));
+
+    axum::Server::bind(&"0.0.0.0:3000".parse().unwrap())
+        .serve(app.into_make_service())
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+}
+```
+
+### Actix-web
+```rust
+use actix_web::{web, App, HttpServer, HttpResponse};
+
+async fn get_user(path: web::Path<u64>) -> HttpResponse {
+    HttpResponse::Ok().json(User { id: *path, name: "Alice".to_string() })
+}
+
+#[actix_web::main]
+async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
+    HttpServer::new(|| {
+        App::new()
+            .route("/users/{id}", web::get().to(get_user))
+    })
+    .bind("127.0.0.1:8080")?
+    .run()
+    .await
+}
+```
+
+## CLI 工具
+
+### Clap
+```rust
+use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
+
+#[derive(Parser)]
+#[command(name = "myapp")]
+#[command(about = "My CLI application")]
+struct Cli {
+    #[command(subcommand)]
+    command: Commands,
+}
+
+#[derive(Subcommand)]
+enum Commands {
+    /// Start the server
+    Serve {
+        #[arg(short, long, default_value = "8080")]
+        port: u16,
+    },
+    /// Run a task
+    Run {
+        #[arg(short, long)]
+        name: String,
+    },
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let cli = Cli::parse();
+
+    match cli.command {
+        Commands::Serve { port } => {
+            println!("Starting server on port {}", port);
+        }
+        Commands::Run { name } => {
+            println!("Running task: {}", name);
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 测试
+
+```rust
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_add() {
+        assert_eq!(add(1, 2), 3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic(expected = "divide by zero")]
+    fn test_divide_by_zero() {
+        divide(1, 0);
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_async_fetch() {
+        let result = fetch_data().await;
+        assert!(result.is_ok());
+    }
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+cargo test
+cargo test --release
+cargo test -- --nocapture  # 显示输出
+```
+
+## 项目结构
+
+```
+myproject/
+├── Cargo.toml
+├── src/
+│   ├── main.rs
+│   ├── lib.rs
+│   ├── models/
+│   │   └── mod.rs
+│   └── utils/
+│       └── mod.rs
+├── tests/
+│   └── integration_test.rs
+└── benches/
+    └── benchmark.rs
+```
+
+## 常用库
+
+| 库 | 用途 |
+|---|------|
+| tokio | 异步运行时 |
+| axum/actix-web | Web 框架 |
+| serde | 序列化 |
+| reqwest | HTTP 客户端 |
+| sqlx | 数据库 |
+| clap | CLI |
+| tracing | 日志 |
+
+---
+

package/skills/development/shell.md

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+---
+name: shell
+description: Shell 脚本开发。Bash、自动化、系统管理。当用户提到 Shell、Bash、脚本、自动化、Linux命令时使用。
+---
+
+# 📜 符箓秘典 · Shell
+
+
+## Bash 基础
+
+### 变量与字符串
+```bash
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# 变量
+name="Alice"
+age=25
+readonly PI=3.14
+
+# 字符串操作
+str="Hello World"
+echo ${#str}           # 长度: 11
+echo ${str:0:5}        # 截取: Hello
+echo ${str/World/Bash} # 替换: Hello Bash
+echo ${str,,}          # 小写: hello world
+echo ${str^^}          # 大写: HELLO WORLD
+
+# 默认值
+echo ${var:-default}   # 如果 var 未设置，返回 default
+echo ${var:=default}   # 如果 var 未设置，设置并返回 default
+```
+
+### 数组
+```bash
+# 索引数组
+arr=("a" "b" "c")
+echo ${arr[0]}         # 第一个元素
+echo ${arr[@]}         # 所有元素
+echo ${#arr[@]}        # 数组长度
+
+# 遍历
+for item in "${arr[@]}"; do
+    echo "$item"
+done
+
+# 关联数组 (Bash 4+)
+declare -A map
+map[name]="Alice"
+map[age]=25
+echo ${map[name]}
+```
+
+### 条件判断
+```bash
+# 字符串比较
+if [[ "$str1" == "$str2" ]]; then
+    echo "Equal"
+fi
+
+# 数值比较
+if [[ $a -eq $b ]]; then echo "Equal"; fi
+if [[ $a -lt $b ]]; then echo "Less"; fi
+if [[ $a -gt $b ]]; then echo "Greater"; fi
+
+# 文件测试
+if [[ -f "$file" ]]; then echo "File exists"; fi
+if [[ -d "$dir" ]]; then echo "Directory exists"; fi
+if [[ -r "$file" ]]; then echo "Readable"; fi
+if [[ -w "$file" ]]; then echo "Writable"; fi
+if [[ -x "$file" ]]; then echo "Executable"; fi
+
+# 逻辑运算
+if [[ $a -gt 0 && $b -gt 0 ]]; then echo "Both positive"; fi
+if [[ $a -gt 0 || $b -gt 0 ]]; then echo "At least one positive"; fi
+```
+
+### 循环
+```bash
+# for 循环
+for i in {1..5}; do
+    echo $i
+done
+
+for file in *.txt; do
+    echo "Processing $file"
+done
+
+# while 循环
+while read -r line; do
+    echo "$line"
+done < file.txt
+
+# until 循环
+count=0
+until [[ $count -ge 5 ]]; do
+    echo $count
+    ((count++))
+done
+```
+
+### 函数
+```bash
+# 定义函数
+greet() {
+    local name="$1"
+    echo "Hello, $name!"
+    return 0
+}
+
+# 调用
+greet "Alice"
+result=$?  # 获取返回值
+
+# 返回字符串
+get_date() {
+    echo "$(date +%Y-%m-%d)"
+}
+today=$(get_date)
+```
+
+## 实用脚本模板
+
+### 带参数的脚本
+```bash
+#!/bin/bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+usage() {
+    cat <<EOF
+Usage: $(basename "$0") [OPTIONS] <input>
+
+Options:
+    -o, --output FILE   Output file
+    -v, --verbose       Verbose mode
+    -h, --help          Show this help
+EOF
+    exit 1
+}
+
+# 默认值
+OUTPUT=""
+VERBOSE=false
+
+# 解析参数
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+    case "$1" in
+        -o|--output)
+            OUTPUT="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        -v|--verbose)
+            VERBOSE=true
+            shift
+            ;;
+        -h|--help)
+            usage
+            ;;
+        -*)
+            echo "Unknown option: $1"
+            usage
+            ;;
+        *)
+            INPUT="$1"
+            shift
+            ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+# 检查必需参数
+if [[ -z "${INPUT:-}" ]]; then
+    echo "Error: Input is required"
+    usage
+fi
+
+# 主逻辑
+main() {
+    if $VERBOSE; then
+        echo "Processing $INPUT..."
+    fi
+    # 处理逻辑
+}
+
+main
+```
+
+### 日志函数
+```bash
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# 颜色定义
+RED='\033[0;31m'
+GREEN='\033[0;32m'
+YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
+NC='\033[0m'
+
+log_info() {
+    echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $1"
+}
+
+log_warn() {
+    echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"
+}
+
+log_error() {
+    echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1" >&2
+}
+
+die() {
+    log_error "$1"
+    exit 1
+}
+```
+
+### 错误处理
+```bash
+#!/bin/bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# 错误处理
+trap 'echo "Error on line $LINENO"; exit 1' ERR
+
+# 清理函数
+cleanup() {
+    rm -f "$TEMP_FILE"
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+TEMP_FILE=$(mktemp)
+```
+
+## 常用命令组合
+
+### 文本处理
+```bash
+# grep - 搜索
+grep -r "pattern" .
+grep -v "exclude"          # 排除
+grep -i "case insensitive" # 忽略大小写
+grep -E "regex"            # 正则
+
+# sed - 替换
+sed 's/old/new/g' file
+sed -i 's/old/new/g' file  # 原地修改
+sed -n '10,20p' file       # 打印行
+
+# awk - 处理
+awk '{print $1}' file      # 第一列
+awk -F: '{print $1}' /etc/passwd
+awk 'NR>1 {sum+=$1} END {print sum}' file
+
+# 组合
+cat file | grep "pattern" | awk '{print $2}' | sort | uniq -c
+```
+
+### 文件操作
+```bash
+# 查找
+find . -name "*.txt"
+find . -type f -mtime -7   # 7天内修改
+find . -size +100M         # 大于100M
+find . -name "*.log" -exec rm {} \;
+
+# 批量重命名
+for f in *.txt; do
+    mv "$f" "${f%.txt}.md"
+done
+
+# 批量处理
+find . -name "*.py" | xargs grep "TODO"
+```
+
+### 网络
+```bash
+# curl
+curl -s https://api.example.com/data
+curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"key":"value"}' URL
+curl -o output.file URL
+
+# 端口检查
+nc -zv host 80
+ss -tulpn | grep :80
+```
+
+## 最佳实践
+
+```bash
+#!/bin/bash
+# 1. 使用 set 选项
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# 2. 引用变量
+echo "$variable"
+
+# 3. 使用 [[ ]] 而非 [ ]
+if [[ -f "$file" ]]; then
+
+# 4. 使用 $() 而非反引号
+result=$(command)
+
+# 5. 使用 local 声明局部变量
+func() {
+    local var="value"
+}
+
+# 6. 检查命令是否存在
+command -v git &>/dev/null || die "git not found"
+
+# 7. 使用 shellcheck 检查
+# shellcheck script.sh
+```
+
+---
+