claude-flow 3.10.3 → 3.10.5

package/.claude/worktrees/adr-120-impl/v3/@claude-flow/plugins/src/integrations/ruvector/gnn.ts

@@ -1,3050 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * RuVector PostgreSQL Bridge - Graph Neural Network (GNN) Layers Module
- *
- * Comprehensive GNN support for RuVector PostgreSQL vector database integration.
- * Implements GCN, GAT, GraphSAGE, GIN, MPNN, EdgeConv, and more.
- *
- * @module @claude-flow/plugins/integrations/ruvector/gnn
- * @version 1.0.0
- */
-
-import type {
-  GNNLayerType,
-  GNNLayer,
-  GraphData,
-  GNNOutput,
-  GNNAggregation,
-  GNNStats,
-  ActivationFunction,
-} from './types.js';
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Constants and Configuration
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Default configuration values for GNN layers.
- */
-export const GNN_DEFAULTS = {
-  dropout: 0.0,
-  addSelfLoops: true,
-  normalize: true,
-  useBias: true,
-  activation: 'relu' as ActivationFunction,
-  aggregation: 'mean' as GNNAggregation,
-  numHeads: 1,
-  negativeSlope: 0.2, // For LeakyReLU in GAT
-  eps: 0.0, // For GIN
-  sampleSize: 10, // For GraphSAGE
-  k: 20, // For EdgeConv k-NN
-} as const;
-
-/**
- * SQL function mapping for GNN operations.
- */
-export const GNN_SQL_FUNCTIONS = {
-  gcn: 'ruvector.gcn_layer',
-  gat: 'ruvector.gat_layer',
-  gat_v2: 'ruvector.gat_v2_layer',
-  sage: 'ruvector.sage_layer',
-  gin: 'ruvector.gin_layer',
-  mpnn: 'ruvector.mpnn_layer',
-  edge_conv: 'ruvector.edge_conv_layer',
-  point_conv: 'ruvector.point_conv_layer',
-  transformer: 'ruvector.graph_transformer_layer',
-  pna: 'ruvector.pna_layer',
-  film: 'ruvector.film_layer',
-  rgcn: 'ruvector.rgcn_layer',
-  hgt: 'ruvector.hgt_layer',
-  han: 'ruvector.han_layer',
-  metapath: 'ruvector.metapath_layer',
-} as const;
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Core Interfaces
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Node identifier type.
- */
-export type NodeId = string | number;
-
-/**
- * Node features representation.
- */
-export interface NodeFeatures {
-  /** Node IDs */
-  readonly ids: NodeId[];
-  /** Feature vectors [num_nodes, feature_dim] */
-  readonly features: number[][];
-  /** Optional node types for heterogeneous graphs */
-  readonly types?: string[];
-  /** Optional node labels */
-  readonly labels?: number[];
-}
-
-/**
- * Edge features representation.
- */
-export interface EdgeFeatures {
-  /** Source node IDs */
-  readonly sources: NodeId[];
-  /** Target node IDs */
-  readonly targets: NodeId[];
-  /** Edge feature vectors [num_edges, edge_dim] (optional) */
-  readonly features?: number[][];
-  /** Edge weights (optional) */
-  readonly weights?: number[];
-  /** Edge types for heterogeneous graphs (optional) */
-  readonly types?: string[];
-}
-
-/**
- * Message representation for message passing.
- */
-export interface Message {
-  /** Source node ID */
-  readonly source: NodeId;
-  /** Target node ID */
-  readonly target: NodeId;
-  /** Message vector */
-  readonly vector: number[];
-  /** Edge features (if applicable) */
-  readonly edgeFeatures?: number[];
-  /** Message weight */
-  readonly weight?: number;
-}
-
-/**
- * Aggregation method type with extended options.
- */
-export type AggregationMethod =
-  | GNNAggregation
-  | 'concat'
-  | 'weighted_mean'
-  | 'multi_head';
-
-/**
- * Path representation for graph traversal.
- */
-export interface Path {
-  /** Ordered list of node IDs */
-  readonly nodes: NodeId[];
-  /** Total path weight/distance */
-  readonly weight: number;
-  /** Edge types along the path (for heterogeneous graphs) */
-  readonly edgeTypes?: string[];
-}
-
-/**
- * Community detection result.
- */
-export interface Community {
-  /** Community identifier */
-  readonly id: number;
-  /** Member node IDs */
-  readonly members: NodeId[];
-  /** Community centroid (average features) */
-  readonly centroid?: number[];
-  /** Modularity score */
-  readonly modularity?: number;
-  /** Internal edge density */
-  readonly density?: number;
-}
-
-/**
- * PageRank computation options.
- */
-export interface PageRankOptions {
-  /** Damping factor (default: 0.85) */
-  readonly damping?: number;
-  /** Maximum iterations (default: 100) */
-  readonly maxIterations?: number;
-  /** Convergence tolerance (default: 1e-6) */
-  readonly tolerance?: number;
-  /** Personalization vector (teleport probabilities) */
-  readonly personalization?: Map<NodeId, number>;
-  /** Whether to use weighted edges */
-  readonly weighted?: boolean;
-}
-
-/**
- * Community detection options.
- */
-export interface CommunityOptions {
-  /** Detection algorithm */
-  readonly algorithm: 'louvain' | 'label_propagation' | 'girvan_newman' | 'spectral';
-  /** Resolution parameter (for Louvain) */
-  readonly resolution?: number;
-  /** Maximum iterations */
-  readonly maxIterations?: number;
-  /** Minimum community size */
-  readonly minSize?: number;
-  /** Random seed for reproducibility */
-  readonly seed?: number;
-}
-
-/**
- * GNN layer configuration with validation.
- */
-export interface GNNLayerConfig extends GNNLayer {
-  /** Layer name/identifier */
-  readonly name?: string;
-  /** Whether to cache intermediate results */
-  readonly cache?: boolean;
-  /** Quantization bits for memory efficiency */
-  readonly quantizeBits?: 8 | 16 | 32;
-}
-
-/**
- * Factory function type for creating GNN layers.
- */
-export type GNNLayerFactory = (config: GNNLayerConfig) => IGNNLayer;
-
-/**
- * Interface for GNN layer implementations.
- */
-export interface IGNNLayer {
-  /** Layer type */
-  readonly type: GNNLayerType;
-  /** Layer configuration */
-  readonly config: GNNLayerConfig;
-
-  /**
-   * Forward pass through the GNN layer.
-   * @param graph - Input graph data
-   * @returns Promise resolving to GNN output
-   */
-  forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput>;
-
-  /**
-   * Message passing step.
-   * @param nodes - Node features
-   * @param edges - Edge features
-   * @returns Promise resolving to updated node features
-   */
-  messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures>;
-
-  /**
-   * Aggregate messages using the specified method.
-   * @param messages - Array of messages to aggregate
-   * @param method - Aggregation method
-   * @returns Promise resolving to aggregated vector
-   */
-  aggregate(messages: Message[], method: AggregationMethod): Promise<number[]>;
-
-  /**
-   * Reset layer state (if stateful).
-   */
-  reset(): void;
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for this layer.
-   * @param tableName - Target table name
-   * @param options - SQL generation options
-   * @returns SQL string
-   */
-  toSQL(tableName: string, options?: SQLGenerationOptions): string;
-}
-
-/**
- * SQL generation options.
- */
-export interface SQLGenerationOptions {
-  /** Schema name */
-  readonly schema?: string;
-  /** Node features column */
-  readonly nodeColumn?: string;
-  /** Edge table name */
-  readonly edgeTable?: string;
-  /** Whether to use prepared statements */
-  readonly prepared?: boolean;
-  /** Parameter prefix for prepared statements */
-  readonly paramPrefix?: string;
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// GNN Layer Registry
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Registry for managing GNN layer types and factories.
- *
- * @example
- * ```typescript
- * const registry = new GNNLayerRegistry();
- * registry.registerLayer('custom_gnn', CustomGNNFactory);
- * const layer = registry.createLayer('gcn', { inputDim: 64, outputDim: 32 });
- * ```
- */
-export class GNNLayerRegistry {
-  private readonly factories: Map<GNNLayerType | string, GNNLayerFactory> = new Map();
-  private readonly defaultConfigs: Map<GNNLayerType | string, Partial<GNNLayerConfig>> = new Map();
-
-  constructor() {
-    // Register built-in layer factories
-    this.registerBuiltinLayers();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Register a GNN layer factory.
-   * @param type - Layer type identifier
-   * @param factory - Factory function
-   * @param defaultConfig - Optional default configuration
-   */
-  registerLayer(
-    type: GNNLayerType | string,
-    factory: GNNLayerFactory,
-    defaultConfig?: Partial<GNNLayerConfig>
-  ): void {
-    this.factories.set(type, factory);
-    if (defaultConfig) {
-      this.defaultConfigs.set(type, defaultConfig);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Unregister a GNN layer factory.
-   * @param type - Layer type to remove
-   * @returns Whether the layer was removed
-   */
-  unregisterLayer(type: GNNLayerType | string): boolean {
-    this.defaultConfigs.delete(type);
-    return this.factories.delete(type);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create a GNN layer instance.
-   * @param type - Layer type
-   * @param config - Layer configuration
-   * @returns IGNNLayer instance
-   * @throws Error if layer type is not registered
-   */
-  createLayer(type: GNNLayerType, config: Partial<GNNLayerConfig>): IGNNLayer {
-    const factory = this.factories.get(type);
-    if (!factory) {
-      throw new Error(`Unknown GNN layer type: ${type}. Available types: ${this.getLayerTypes().join(', ')}`);
-    }
-
-    const defaultConfig = this.defaultConfigs.get(type) ?? {};
-    const fullConfig: GNNLayerConfig = {
-      type,
-      inputDim: config.inputDim ?? 64,
-      outputDim: config.outputDim ?? 64,
-      dropout: config.dropout ?? defaultConfig.dropout ?? GNN_DEFAULTS.dropout,
-      aggregation: config.aggregation ?? defaultConfig.aggregation ?? GNN_DEFAULTS.aggregation,
-      addSelfLoops: config.addSelfLoops ?? defaultConfig.addSelfLoops ?? GNN_DEFAULTS.addSelfLoops,
-      normalize: config.normalize ?? defaultConfig.normalize ?? GNN_DEFAULTS.normalize,
-      useBias: config.useBias ?? defaultConfig.useBias ?? GNN_DEFAULTS.useBias,
-      activation: config.activation ?? defaultConfig.activation ?? GNN_DEFAULTS.activation,
-      ...config,
-    };
-
-    return factory(fullConfig);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Check if a layer type is registered.
-   * @param type - Layer type to check
-   * @returns Whether the layer is registered
-   */
-  hasLayer(type: GNNLayerType | string): boolean {
-    return this.factories.has(type);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get all registered layer types.
-   * @returns Array of layer type identifiers
-   */
-  getLayerTypes(): string[] {
-    return Array.from(this.factories.keys());
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get default configuration for a layer type.
-   * @param type - Layer type
-   * @returns Default configuration or undefined
-   */
-  getDefaultConfig(type: GNNLayerType | string): Partial<GNNLayerConfig> | undefined {
-    return this.defaultConfigs.get(type);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Register all built-in GNN layer factories.
-   */
-  private registerBuiltinLayers(): void {
-    // GCN - Graph Convolutional Network
-    this.registerLayer('gcn', (config) => new GCNLayer(config), {
-      normalize: true,
-      addSelfLoops: true,
-    });
-
-    // GAT - Graph Attention Network
-    this.registerLayer('gat', (config) => new GATLayer(config), {
-      numHeads: 8,
-      params: { negativeSlope: 0.2, concat: true },
-    });
-
-    // GAT v2 - Improved Graph Attention
-    this.registerLayer('gat_v2', (config) => new GATv2Layer(config), {
-      numHeads: 8,
-      params: { negativeSlope: 0.2, concat: true },
-    });
-
-    // GraphSAGE - Sampling and Aggregation
-    this.registerLayer('sage', (config) => new GraphSAGELayer(config), {
-      aggregation: 'mean',
-      params: { sampleSize: 10, samplingStrategy: 'uniform' },
-    });
-
-    // GIN - Graph Isomorphism Network
-    this.registerLayer('gin', (config) => new GINLayer(config), {
-      params: { eps: 0, trainEps: false },
-    });
-
-    // MPNN - Message Passing Neural Network
-    this.registerLayer('mpnn', (config) => new MPNNLayer(config), {
-      aggregation: 'sum',
-    });
-
-    // EdgeConv - Dynamic Edge Convolution
-    this.registerLayer('edge_conv', (config) => new EdgeConvLayer(config), {
-      params: { k: 20, dynamic: true },
-    });
-
-    // Point Convolution
-    this.registerLayer('point_conv', (config) => new PointConvLayer(config), {
-      params: { k: 16 },
-    });
-
-    // Graph Transformer
-    this.registerLayer('transformer', (config) => new GraphTransformerLayer(config), {
-      numHeads: 8,
-      params: { numLayers: 1 },
-    });
-
-    // PNA - Principal Neighbourhood Aggregation
-    this.registerLayer('pna', (config) => new PNALayer(config), {
-      params: {
-        aggregators: ['mean', 'sum', 'max', 'min'],
-        scalers: ['identity', 'amplification', 'attenuation'],
-      },
-    });
-
-    // FiLM - Feature-wise Linear Modulation
-    this.registerLayer('film', (config) => new FiLMLayer(config), {});
-
-    // RGCN - Relational Graph Convolutional Network
-    this.registerLayer('rgcn', (config) => new RGCNLayer(config), {
-      params: { numRelations: 1 },
-    });
-
-    // HGT - Heterogeneous Graph Transformer
-    this.registerLayer('hgt', (config) => new HGTLayer(config), {
-      numHeads: 8,
-    });
-
-    // HAN - Heterogeneous Attention Network
-    this.registerLayer('han', (config) => new HANLayer(config), {
-      numHeads: 8,
-    });
-
-    // MetaPath aggregation
-    this.registerLayer('metapath', (config) => new MetaPathLayer(config), {
-      params: { metapaths: [] },
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Base GNN Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Abstract base class for GNN layer implementations.
- */
-export abstract class BaseGNNLayer implements IGNNLayer {
-  readonly type: GNNLayerType;
-  readonly config: GNNLayerConfig;
-
-  constructor(config: GNNLayerConfig) {
-    this.type = config.type;
-    this.config = config;
-    this.validateConfig();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Validate layer configuration.
-   * @throws Error if configuration is invalid
-   */
-  protected validateConfig(): void {
-    if (this.config.inputDim <= 0) {
-      throw new Error(`Invalid inputDim: ${this.config.inputDim}. Must be positive.`);
-    }
-    if (this.config.outputDim <= 0) {
-      throw new Error(`Invalid outputDim: ${this.config.outputDim}. Must be positive.`);
-    }
-    if (this.config.dropout !== undefined && (this.config.dropout < 0 || this.config.dropout > 1)) {
-      throw new Error(`Invalid dropout: ${this.config.dropout}. Must be between 0 and 1.`);
-    }
-    if (this.config.numHeads !== undefined && this.config.numHeads <= 0) {
-      throw new Error(`Invalid numHeads: ${this.config.numHeads}. Must be positive.`);
-    }
-  }
-
-  abstract forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput>;
-  abstract messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures>;
-
-  /**
-   * Aggregate messages using the specified method.
-   */
-  async aggregate(messages: Message[], method: AggregationMethod): Promise<number[]> {
-    if (messages.length === 0) {
-      return new Array(this.config.outputDim).fill(0);
-    }
-
-    const vectors = messages.map((m) => m.vector);
-    const weights = messages.map((m) => m.weight ?? 1);
-
-    switch (method) {
-      case 'sum':
-        return this.aggregateSum(vectors);
-      case 'mean':
-        return this.aggregateMean(vectors);
-      case 'max':
-        return this.aggregateMax(vectors);
-      case 'min':
-        return this.aggregateMin(vectors);
-      case 'attention':
-        return this.aggregateAttention(vectors, weights);
-      case 'weighted_mean':
-        return this.aggregateWeightedMean(vectors, weights);
-      case 'softmax':
-        return this.aggregateSoftmax(vectors);
-      case 'power_mean':
-        return this.aggregatePowerMean(vectors, 2);
-      case 'std':
-        return this.aggregateStd(vectors);
-      case 'var':
-        return this.aggregateVar(vectors);
-      case 'concat':
-        return this.aggregateConcat(vectors);
-      case 'lstm':
-        return this.aggregateLSTM(vectors);
-      case 'multi_head':
-        return this.aggregateMultiHead(vectors);
-      default:
-        return this.aggregateMean(vectors);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Reset layer state.
-   */
-  reset(): void {
-    // Override in stateful layers
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for this layer.
-   */
-  toSQL(tableName: string, options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const nodeColumn = options.nodeColumn ?? 'embedding';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-    const sqlFunction = GNN_SQL_FUNCTIONS[this.type] ?? 'ruvector.gnn_layer';
-
-    const configJson = JSON.stringify({
-      type: this.type,
-      input_dim: this.config.inputDim,
-      output_dim: this.config.outputDim,
-      num_heads: this.config.numHeads,
-      dropout: this.config.dropout,
-      aggregation: this.config.aggregation,
-      add_self_loops: this.config.addSelfLoops,
-      normalize: this.config.normalize,
-      use_bias: this.config.useBias,
-      activation: this.config.activation,
-      params: this.config.params,
-    });
-
-    if (options.prepared) {
-      const prefix = options.paramPrefix ?? '$';
-      return `
-SELECT ${sqlFunction}(
-  (SELECT array_agg(${nodeColumn}) FROM "${schema}"."${tableName}"),
-  (SELECT array_agg(ARRAY[source_id, target_id]) FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"),
-  ${prefix}1::jsonb
-);`.trim();
-    }
-
-    return `
-SELECT ${sqlFunction}(
-  (SELECT array_agg(${nodeColumn}) FROM "${schema}"."${tableName}"),
-  (SELECT array_agg(ARRAY[source_id, target_id]) FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"),
-  '${configJson}'::jsonb
-);`.trim();
-  }
-
-  // Aggregation implementations
-  protected aggregateSum(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    const dim = vectors[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-    for (const vec of vectors) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        result[i] += vec[i] ?? 0;
-      }
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateMean(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    const sum = this.aggregateSum(vectors);
-    return sum.map((v) => v / vectors.length);
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateMax(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    const dim = vectors[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(-Infinity);
-    for (const vec of vectors) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        result[i] = Math.max(result[i], vec[i] ?? -Infinity);
-      }
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateMin(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    const dim = vectors[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(Infinity);
-    for (const vec of vectors) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        result[i] = Math.min(result[i], vec[i] ?? Infinity);
-      }
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateWeightedMean(vectors: number[][], weights: number[]): number[] {
-    const dim = vectors[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-    let totalWeight = 0;
-
-    for (let j = 0; j < vectors.length; j++) {
-      const w = weights[j] ?? 1;
-      totalWeight += w;
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        result[i] += (vectors[j]?.[i] ?? 0) * w;
-      }
-    }
-
-    return result.map((v) => (totalWeight > 0 ? v / totalWeight : 0));
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateAttention(vectors: number[][], weights: number[]): number[] {
-    // Softmax over weights then weighted mean
-    const maxWeight = Math.max(...weights);
-    const expWeights = weights.map((w) => Math.exp(w - maxWeight));
-    const sumExp = expWeights.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
-    const attentionWeights = expWeights.map((w) => w / sumExp);
-    return this.aggregateWeightedMean(vectors, attentionWeights);
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateSoftmax(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    // Softmax aggregation across vectors
-    const dim = vectors[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-      const values = vectors.map((v) => v[i] ?? 0);
-      const maxVal = Math.max(...values);
-      const expValues = values.map((v) => Math.exp(v - maxVal));
-      const sumExp = expValues.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
-      result[i] = expValues.reduce((sum, exp, j) => sum + (exp / sumExp) * values[j], 0);
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  protected aggregatePowerMean(vectors: number[][], p: number): number[] {
-    const dim = vectors[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-      let sum = 0;
-      for (const vec of vectors) {
-        sum += Math.pow(Math.abs(vec[i] ?? 0), p);
-      }
-      result[i] = Math.pow(sum / vectors.length, 1 / p);
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateStd(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    const mean = this.aggregateMean(vectors);
-    const dim = mean.length;
-    const variance = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (const vec of vectors) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        variance[i] += Math.pow((vec[i] ?? 0) - mean[i], 2);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return variance.map((v) => Math.sqrt(v / vectors.length));
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateVar(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    const mean = this.aggregateMean(vectors);
-    const dim = mean.length;
-    const variance = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (const vec of vectors) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        variance[i] += Math.pow((vec[i] ?? 0) - mean[i], 2);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return variance.map((v) => v / vectors.length);
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateConcat(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    return vectors.flat();
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateLSTM(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    // Simplified LSTM-style aggregation (sequential processing)
-    let hidden = new Array(this.config.outputDim).fill(0);
-    for (const vec of vectors) {
-      hidden = this.lstmCell(vec, hidden);
-    }
-    return hidden;
-  }
-
-  protected aggregateMultiHead(vectors: number[][]): number[] {
-    // Split into heads, aggregate each, then combine
-    const numHeads = this.config.numHeads ?? 1;
-    const headDim = Math.floor((vectors[0]?.length ?? 0) / numHeads);
-    const results: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let h = 0; h < numHeads; h++) {
-      const headVectors = vectors.map((v) =>
-        v.slice(h * headDim, (h + 1) * headDim)
-      );
-      results.push(this.aggregateMean(headVectors));
-    }
-
-    return results.flat();
-  }
-
-  private lstmCell(input: number[], hidden: number[]): number[] {
-    // Simplified LSTM update (no learned parameters)
-    const dim = hidden.length;
-    const inputDim = input.length;
-    const result = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-      const inputVal = input[i % inputDim] ?? 0;
-      const hiddenVal = hidden[i] ?? 0;
-      // Simple gated update
-      const gate = 1 / (1 + Math.exp(-(inputVal + hiddenVal)));
-      result[i] = gate * inputVal + (1 - gate) * hiddenVal;
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Apply activation function.
-   */
-  protected applyActivation(x: number): number {
-    switch (this.config.activation) {
-      case 'relu':
-        return Math.max(0, x);
-      case 'gelu':
-        return 0.5 * x * (1 + Math.tanh(Math.sqrt(2 / Math.PI) * (x + 0.044715 * Math.pow(x, 3))));
-      case 'silu':
-      case 'swish':
-        return x / (1 + Math.exp(-x));
-      case 'leaky_relu':
-        return x >= 0 ? x : 0.01 * x;
-      case 'elu':
-        return x >= 0 ? x : Math.exp(x) - 1;
-      case 'selu':
-        const alpha = 1.6732632423543772;
-        const scale = 1.0507009873554805;
-        return scale * (x >= 0 ? x : alpha * (Math.exp(x) - 1));
-      case 'tanh':
-        return Math.tanh(x);
-      case 'sigmoid':
-        return 1 / (1 + Math.exp(-x));
-      case 'softmax':
-      case 'none':
-      default:
-        return x;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Apply dropout (during training).
-   */
-  protected applyDropout(vector: number[], training: boolean = false): number[] {
-    if (!training || !this.config.dropout || this.config.dropout === 0) {
-      return vector;
-    }
-
-    const scale = 1 / (1 - this.config.dropout);
-    return vector.map((v) => (Math.random() > this.config.dropout! ? v * scale : 0));
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Normalize vector (L2 normalization).
-   */
-  protected normalizeVector(vector: number[]): number[] {
-    const norm = Math.sqrt(vector.reduce((sum, v) => sum + v * v, 0));
-    return norm > 0 ? vector.map((v) => v / norm) : vector;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create statistics for GNN computation.
-   */
-  protected createStats(
-    startTime: number,
-    numNodes: number,
-    numEdges: number,
-    numIterations: number = 1
-  ): GNNStats {
-    return {
-      forwardTimeMs: Date.now() - startTime,
-      numNodes,
-      numEdges,
-      memoryBytes: numNodes * this.config.outputDim * 4 + numEdges * 8,
-      numIterations,
-    };
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// GCN Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) layer.
- *
- * Implements spectral graph convolution with first-order approximation.
- * Reference: Kipf & Welling, "Semi-Supervised Classification with Graph Convolutional Networks" (2017)
- */
-export class GCNLayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex, edgeWeights } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-
-    // Build adjacency with self-loops
-    const adj = this.buildAdjacency(numNodes, edgeIndex, edgeWeights);
-
-    // Normalize adjacency (D^-0.5 * A * D^-0.5)
-    const normAdj = this.config.normalize ? this.symmetricNormalize(adj, numNodes) : adj;
-
-    // Message passing: H' = sigma(A_norm * H * W)
-    const outputFeatures = this.convolve(nodeFeatures, normAdj);
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.poolGraph(outputFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const numNodes = nodes.ids.length;
-    const edgeIndex: [number[], number[]] = [
-      edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-      edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-    ];
-
-    const adj = this.buildAdjacency(numNodes, edgeIndex, edges.weights);
-    const normAdj = this.config.normalize ? this.symmetricNormalize(adj, numNodes) : adj;
-    const outputFeatures = this.convolve(nodes.features, normAdj);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: outputFeatures,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private buildAdjacency(
-    numNodes: number,
-    edgeIndex: [number[], number[]],
-    weights?: number[]
-  ): Map<number, Map<number, number>> {
-    const adj = new Map<number, Map<number, number>>();
-
-    // Initialize with self-loops if configured
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      adj.set(i, new Map());
-      if (this.config.addSelfLoops) {
-        adj.get(i)!.set(i, 1);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Add edges
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      const src = sources[i];
-      const tgt = targets[i];
-      const weight = weights?.[i] ?? 1;
-      if (src >= 0 && src < numNodes && tgt >= 0 && tgt < numNodes) {
-        adj.get(src)!.set(tgt, weight);
-        // Undirected: add reverse edge
-        adj.get(tgt)!.set(src, weight);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return adj;
-  }
-
-  private symmetricNormalize(
-    adj: Map<number, Map<number, number>>,
-    numNodes: number
-  ): Map<number, Map<number, number>> {
-    // Compute degree
-    const degree = new Array(numNodes).fill(0);
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      for (const weight of adj.get(i)!.values()) {
-        degree[i] += weight;
-      }
-    }
-
-    // D^-0.5 * A * D^-0.5
-    const normAdj = new Map<number, Map<number, number>>();
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      normAdj.set(i, new Map());
-      for (const [j, weight] of adj.get(i)!.entries()) {
-        const normWeight = weight / Math.sqrt(degree[i] * degree[j] + 1e-10);
-        normAdj.get(i)!.set(j, normWeight);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return normAdj;
-  }
-
-  private convolve(features: number[][], adj: Map<number, Map<number, number>>): number[][] {
-    const numNodes = features.length;
-    const inputDim = this.config.inputDim;
-    const outputDim = this.config.outputDim;
-    const output: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const aggregated = new Array(inputDim).fill(0);
-
-      // Aggregate neighbor features
-      for (const [j, weight] of adj.get(i)!.entries()) {
-        const neighborFeatures = features[j] ?? new Array(inputDim).fill(0);
-        for (let k = 0; k < inputDim; k++) {
-          aggregated[k] += weight * (neighborFeatures[k] ?? 0);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Project to output dimension
-      const projected = this.projectFeatures(aggregated, inputDim, outputDim);
-
-      // Apply activation
-      const activated = projected.map((x) => this.applyActivation(x));
-
-      // Apply dropout
-      output.push(this.applyDropout(activated));
-    }
-
-    return output;
-  }
-
-  private projectFeatures(input: number[], inputDim: number, outputDim: number): number[] {
-    // Simple linear projection (in practice, this would use learned weights)
-    const output = new Array(outputDim).fill(0);
-    for (let i = 0; i < outputDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < inputDim; j++) {
-        // Use a deterministic pseudo-weight based on position
-        const weight = Math.sin((i * inputDim + j) * 0.1) * 0.5;
-        output[i] += input[j] * weight;
-      }
-      if (this.config.useBias) {
-        output[i] += 0.01; // Small bias term
-      }
-    }
-    return output;
-  }
-
-  private poolGraph(features: number[][]): number[] {
-    if (features.length === 0) return [];
-    return this.aggregateMean(features);
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// GAT Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Graph Attention Network (GAT) layer.
- *
- * Implements attention-based message passing.
- * Reference: Veličković et al., "Graph Attention Networks" (2018)
- */
-export class GATLayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-    const numHeads = this.config.numHeads ?? 1;
-    const negativeSlope = this.config.params?.negativeSlope ?? 0.2;
-
-    // Compute attention for each head
-    const headOutputs: number[][][] = [];
-
-    for (let h = 0; h < numHeads; h++) {
-      const headDim = Math.floor(this.config.outputDim / numHeads);
-      const headFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-      for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-        const neighbors = this.getNeighbors(i, edgeIndex, numNodes);
-        const messages: { feature: number[]; attention: number }[] = [];
-
-        // Compute attention for each neighbor
-        for (const j of neighbors) {
-          const attention = this.computeAttention(
-            nodeFeatures[i],
-            nodeFeatures[j],
-            h,
-            negativeSlope
-          );
-          messages.push({
-            feature: this.projectHead(nodeFeatures[j], h, headDim),
-            attention,
-          });
-        }
-
-        // Softmax attention weights
-        const attentionSum = messages.reduce(
-          (sum, m) => sum + Math.exp(m.attention),
-          0
-        );
-        const normalizedMessages = messages.map((m) => ({
-          feature: m.feature,
-          weight: Math.exp(m.attention) / (attentionSum + 1e-10),
-        }));
-
-        // Aggregate with attention weights
-        const aggregated = new Array(headDim).fill(0);
-        for (const m of normalizedMessages) {
-          for (let k = 0; k < headDim; k++) {
-            aggregated[k] += m.weight * (m.feature[k] ?? 0);
-          }
-        }
-
-        headFeatures.push(aggregated);
-      }
-
-      headOutputs.push(headFeatures);
-    }
-
-    // Combine heads (concat or average)
-    const concat = this.config.params?.concat ?? true;
-    const outputFeatures = this.combineHeads(headOutputs, concat);
-
-    // Apply activation and dropout
-    const finalFeatures = outputFeatures.map((f) =>
-      this.applyDropout(f.map((x) => this.applyActivation(x)))
-    );
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: finalFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(finalFeatures),
-      attentionWeights: this.extractAttentionWeights(headOutputs),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private getNeighbors(
-    nodeIdx: number,
-    edgeIndex: [number[], number[]],
-    numNodes: number
-  ): number[] {
-    const neighbors = new Set<number>();
-
-    // Add self-loop
-    if (this.config.addSelfLoops) {
-      neighbors.add(nodeIdx);
-    }
-
-    // Find neighbors from edges
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      if (sources[i] === nodeIdx && targets[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(targets[i]);
-      }
-      if (targets[i] === nodeIdx && sources[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(sources[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return Array.from(neighbors);
-  }
-
-  protected computeAttention(
-    nodeI: number[],
-    nodeJ: number[],
-    head: number,
-    negativeSlope: number
-  ): number {
-    // Compute attention score using concatenation of features
-    let score = 0;
-    const dim = nodeI.length;
-
-    for (let k = 0; k < dim; k++) {
-      // Simple attention mechanism (in practice, uses learned attention weights)
-      const combined = (nodeI[k] ?? 0) + (nodeJ[k] ?? 0);
-      score += combined * Math.sin((head * dim + k) * 0.1);
-    }
-
-    // LeakyReLU
-    return score >= 0 ? score : negativeSlope * score;
-  }
-
-  private projectHead(features: number[], head: number, headDim: number): number[] {
-    const output = new Array(headDim).fill(0);
-    const inputDim = features.length;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < headDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < inputDim; j++) {
-        const weight = Math.cos((head * headDim * inputDim + i * inputDim + j) * 0.05);
-        output[i] += (features[j] ?? 0) * weight;
-      }
-    }
-
-    return output;
-  }
-
-  private combineHeads(heads: number[][][], concat: boolean): number[][] {
-    const numNodes = heads[0]?.length ?? 0;
-    const result: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      if (concat) {
-        // Concatenate all head outputs
-        result.push(heads.flatMap((h) => h[i] ?? []));
-      } else {
-        // Average head outputs
-        const headDim = heads[0]?.[0]?.length ?? 0;
-        const averaged = new Array(headDim).fill(0);
-        for (const head of heads) {
-          for (let j = 0; j < headDim; j++) {
-            averaged[j] += (head[i]?.[j] ?? 0) / heads.length;
-          }
-        }
-        result.push(averaged);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  private extractAttentionWeights(heads: number[][][]): number[][] {
-    // Return simplified attention representation
-    return heads.map((h) => h.map((node) => node.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / node.length));
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// GAT v2 Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Graph Attention Network v2 layer.
- *
- * Improved attention mechanism with dynamic attention.
- * Reference: Brody et al., "How Attentive are Graph Attention Networks?" (2022)
- */
-export class GATv2Layer extends GATLayer {
-  protected override computeAttention(
-    nodeI: number[],
-    nodeJ: number[],
-    head: number,
-    negativeSlope: number
-  ): number {
-    // GAT v2: Apply attention AFTER concatenation and transformation
-    const dim = nodeI.length;
-    const combined = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    // First, transform and combine
-    for (let k = 0; k < dim; k++) {
-      combined[k] = (nodeI[k] ?? 0) + (nodeJ[k] ?? 0);
-    }
-
-    // Apply LeakyReLU
-    for (let k = 0; k < dim; k++) {
-      combined[k] = combined[k] >= 0 ? combined[k] : negativeSlope * combined[k];
-    }
-
-    // Then compute attention
-    let score = 0;
-    for (let k = 0; k < dim; k++) {
-      score += combined[k] * Math.sin((head * dim + k) * 0.1);
-    }
-
-    return score;
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// GraphSAGE Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * GraphSAGE (Sample and Aggregate) layer.
- *
- * Implements inductive representation learning with neighbor sampling.
- * Reference: Hamilton et al., "Inductive Representation Learning on Large Graphs" (2017)
- */
-export class GraphSAGELayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-    const sampleSize = this.config.params?.sampleSize ?? 10;
-
-    const outputFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      // Sample neighbors
-      const allNeighbors = this.getNeighbors(i, edgeIndex, numNodes);
-      const sampledNeighbors = this.sampleNeighbors(allNeighbors, sampleSize);
-
-      // Aggregate neighbor features
-      const neighborFeatures = sampledNeighbors.map((j) => nodeFeatures[j] ?? []);
-      const aggregated = await this.aggregate(
-        neighborFeatures.map((f) => ({ source: i, target: i, vector: f })),
-        this.config.aggregation ?? 'mean'
-      );
-
-      // Concatenate with self features and project
-      const selfFeatures = nodeFeatures[i] ?? [];
-      const combined = [...selfFeatures, ...aggregated];
-      const projected = this.projectFeatures(combined, combined.length, this.config.outputDim);
-
-      // Normalize, activate, and apply dropout
-      const normalized = this.config.normalize ? this.normalizeVector(projected) : projected;
-      const activated = normalized.map((x) => this.applyActivation(x));
-      outputFeatures.push(this.applyDropout(activated));
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(outputFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private getNeighbors(
-    nodeIdx: number,
-    edgeIndex: [number[], number[]],
-    numNodes: number
-  ): number[] {
-    const neighbors = new Set<number>();
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      if (sources[i] === nodeIdx && targets[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(targets[i]);
-      }
-      if (targets[i] === nodeIdx && sources[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(sources[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return Array.from(neighbors);
-  }
-
-  private sampleNeighbors(neighbors: number[], k: number): number[] {
-    if (neighbors.length <= k) {
-      return neighbors;
-    }
-
-    // Random sampling
-    const sampled: number[] = [];
-    const available = [...neighbors];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < k && available.length > 0; i++) {
-      const idx = Math.floor(Math.random() * available.length);
-      sampled.push(available[idx]);
-      available.splice(idx, 1);
-    }
-
-    return sampled;
-  }
-
-  private projectFeatures(input: number[], inputDim: number, outputDim: number): number[] {
-    const output = new Array(outputDim).fill(0);
-    for (let i = 0; i < outputDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < inputDim; j++) {
-        const weight = Math.sin((i * inputDim + j) * 0.1) * Math.sqrt(2 / (inputDim + outputDim));
-        output[i] += (input[j] ?? 0) * weight;
-      }
-      if (this.config.useBias) {
-        output[i] += 0.01;
-      }
-    }
-    return output;
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// GIN Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Graph Isomorphism Network (GIN) layer.
- *
- * Maximally powerful GNN for graph classification.
- * Reference: Xu et al., "How Powerful are Graph Neural Networks?" (2019)
- */
-export class GINLayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-    const eps = this.config.params?.eps ?? 0;
-
-    const outputFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const neighbors = this.getNeighbors(i, edgeIndex, numNodes);
-
-      // Sum neighbor features
-      const neighborSum = new Array(this.config.inputDim).fill(0);
-      for (const j of neighbors) {
-        const neighborFeatures = nodeFeatures[j] ?? [];
-        for (let k = 0; k < this.config.inputDim; k++) {
-          neighborSum[k] += neighborFeatures[k] ?? 0;
-        }
-      }
-
-      // GIN update: h_v = MLP((1 + eps) * h_v + sum(h_u))
-      const selfFeatures = nodeFeatures[i] ?? [];
-      const combined = new Array(this.config.inputDim).fill(0);
-      for (let k = 0; k < this.config.inputDim; k++) {
-        combined[k] = (1 + eps) * (selfFeatures[k] ?? 0) + neighborSum[k];
-      }
-
-      // MLP (2-layer)
-      const hidden = this.mlpLayer1(combined);
-      const output = this.mlpLayer2(hidden);
-      outputFeatures.push(this.applyDropout(output));
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateSum(outputFeatures), // Sum pooling for graph classification
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private getNeighbors(
-    nodeIdx: number,
-    edgeIndex: [number[], number[]],
-    numNodes: number
-  ): number[] {
-    const neighbors = new Set<number>();
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      if (sources[i] === nodeIdx && targets[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(targets[i]);
-      }
-      if (targets[i] === nodeIdx && sources[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(sources[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return Array.from(neighbors);
-  }
-
-  private mlpLayer1(input: number[]): number[] {
-    const hiddenDim = this.config.hiddenDim ?? this.config.inputDim;
-    const output = new Array(hiddenDim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < hiddenDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < input.length; j++) {
-        const weight = Math.sin((i * input.length + j) * 0.1) * 0.5;
-        output[i] += (input[j] ?? 0) * weight;
-      }
-      output[i] = this.applyActivation(output[i]);
-    }
-
-    return output;
-  }
-
-  private mlpLayer2(input: number[]): number[] {
-    const output = new Array(this.config.outputDim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < this.config.outputDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < input.length; j++) {
-        const weight = Math.cos((i * input.length + j) * 0.1) * 0.5;
-        output[i] += (input[j] ?? 0) * weight;
-      }
-    }
-
-    return output;
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// MPNN Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Message Passing Neural Network (MPNN) layer.
- *
- * General framework for GNN with customizable message and update functions.
- * Reference: Gilmer et al., "Neural Message Passing for Quantum Chemistry" (2017)
- */
-export class MPNNLayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex, edgeFeatures } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-
-    let currentFeatures = nodeFeatures.map((f) => [...f]);
-
-    // Multiple rounds of message passing
-    const numIterations = this.config.params?.numLayers ?? 1;
-
-    for (let t = 0; t < numIterations; t++) {
-      const newFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-      for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-        // Collect messages from neighbors
-        const messages: Message[] = [];
-        const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-
-        for (let e = 0; e < sources.length; e++) {
-          if (targets[e] === i) {
-            const j = sources[e];
-            const edgeFeat = edgeFeatures?.[e];
-            const message = this.messageFunction(
-              currentFeatures[j] ?? [],
-              currentFeatures[i] ?? [],
-              edgeFeat
-            );
-            messages.push({
-              source: j,
-              target: i,
-              vector: message,
-              edgeFeatures: edgeFeat,
-            });
-          }
-          if (sources[e] === i) {
-            const j = targets[e];
-            const edgeFeat = edgeFeatures?.[e];
-            const message = this.messageFunction(
-              currentFeatures[j] ?? [],
-              currentFeatures[i] ?? [],
-              edgeFeat
-            );
-            messages.push({
-              source: j,
-              target: i,
-              vector: message,
-              edgeFeatures: edgeFeat,
-            });
-          }
-        }
-
-        // Aggregate messages
-        const aggregated = await this.aggregate(messages, this.config.aggregation ?? 'sum');
-
-        // Update node features
-        const updated = this.updateFunction(currentFeatures[i] ?? [], aggregated);
-        newFeatures.push(this.applyDropout(updated));
-      }
-
-      currentFeatures = newFeatures;
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: currentFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(currentFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges, numIterations),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-      edgeFeatures: edges.features,
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private messageFunction(
-    sourceFeatures: number[],
-    targetFeatures: number[],
-    edgeFeatures?: number[]
-  ): number[] {
-    const dim = this.config.inputDim;
-    const message = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-      message[i] = (sourceFeatures[i] ?? 0) * 0.5 + (targetFeatures[i] ?? 0) * 0.3;
-      if (edgeFeatures && edgeFeatures[i] !== undefined) {
-        message[i] += edgeFeatures[i] * 0.2;
-      }
-    }
-
-    return message;
-  }
-
-  private updateFunction(nodeFeatures: number[], aggregated: number[]): number[] {
-    const output = new Array(this.config.outputDim).fill(0);
-
-    // GRU-like update
-    for (let i = 0; i < this.config.outputDim; i++) {
-      const nodeVal = nodeFeatures[i % nodeFeatures.length] ?? 0;
-      const aggVal = aggregated[i % aggregated.length] ?? 0;
-      const gate = 1 / (1 + Math.exp(-(nodeVal + aggVal)));
-      output[i] = this.applyActivation(gate * aggVal + (1 - gate) * nodeVal);
-    }
-
-    return output;
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// EdgeConv Layer Implementation
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * EdgeConv layer for dynamic graph convolution.
- *
- * Uses k-NN graph construction and edge features.
- * Reference: Wang et al., "Dynamic Graph CNN for Learning on Point Clouds" (2019)
- */
-export class EdgeConvLayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const k = this.config.params?.k ?? 20;
-    const dynamic = this.config.params?.dynamic ?? true;
-
-    // Build k-NN graph
-    const knnGraph = dynamic
-      ? this.buildKNNGraph(nodeFeatures, k)
-      : graph.edgeIndex;
-
-    const outputFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const neighbors = this.getKNNNeighbors(i, knnGraph);
-      const selfFeatures = nodeFeatures[i] ?? [];
-
-      // Edge features: (x_j - x_i) || x_i
-      const edgeFeatures: number[][] = [];
-      for (const j of neighbors) {
-        const neighborFeatures = nodeFeatures[j] ?? [];
-        const diff = selfFeatures.map((v, idx) => (neighborFeatures[idx] ?? 0) - v);
-        edgeFeatures.push([...diff, ...selfFeatures]);
-      }
-
-      // Max pooling over edge features
-      const pooled = this.maxPoolEdges(edgeFeatures);
-
-      // MLP on pooled features
-      const output = this.edgeMLP(pooled);
-      outputFeatures.push(this.applyDropout(output));
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(outputFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numNodes * k),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private buildKNNGraph(features: number[][], k: number): [number[], number[]] {
-    const sources: number[] = [];
-    const targets: number[] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < features.length; i++) {
-      const distances: { idx: number; dist: number }[] = [];
-
-      for (let j = 0; j < features.length; j++) {
-        if (i !== j) {
-          const dist = this.euclideanDistance(features[i], features[j]);
-          distances.push({ idx: j, dist });
-        }
-      }
-
-      distances.sort((a, b) => a.dist - b.dist);
-      const neighbors = distances.slice(0, k);
-
-      for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-        sources.push(i);
-        targets.push(neighbor.idx);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return [sources, targets];
-  }
-
-  private euclideanDistance(a: number[], b: number[]): number {
-    let sum = 0;
-    for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
-      const diff = (a[i] ?? 0) - (b[i] ?? 0);
-      sum += diff * diff;
-    }
-    return Math.sqrt(sum);
-  }
-
-  private getKNNNeighbors(nodeIdx: number, edgeIndex: [number[], number[]]): number[] {
-    const neighbors: number[] = [];
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      if (sources[i] === nodeIdx) {
-        neighbors.push(targets[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return neighbors;
-  }
-
-  private maxPoolEdges(edgeFeatures: number[][]): number[] {
-    if (edgeFeatures.length === 0) {
-      return new Array(this.config.inputDim * 2).fill(0);
-    }
-    return this.aggregateMax(edgeFeatures);
-  }
-
-  private edgeMLP(input: number[]): number[] {
-    const output = new Array(this.config.outputDim).fill(0);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < this.config.outputDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < input.length; j++) {
-        const weight = Math.sin((i * input.length + j) * 0.08) * 0.4;
-        output[i] += (input[j] ?? 0) * weight;
-      }
-      output[i] = this.applyActivation(output[i]);
-    }
-
-    return output;
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Additional GNN Layer Implementations (Stubs)
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Point Convolution layer for point cloud data.
- */
-export class PointConvLayer extends EdgeConvLayer {
-  // Extends EdgeConv with point-specific operations
-}
-
-/**
- * Graph Transformer layer.
- */
-export class GraphTransformerLayer extends GATLayer {
-  override async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    // Add positional encoding and full attention
-    const result = await super.forward(graph);
-
-    // Apply transformer-specific operations (layer norm, residual)
-    const normalizedEmbeddings = result.nodeEmbeddings.map((f) =>
-      this.layerNorm(f)
-    );
-
-    return {
-      ...result,
-      nodeEmbeddings: normalizedEmbeddings,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private layerNorm(features: number[]): number[] {
-    const mean = features.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / features.length;
-    const variance =
-      features.reduce((sum, x) => sum + (x - mean) ** 2, 0) / features.length;
-    const std = Math.sqrt(variance + 1e-6);
-    return features.map((x) => (x - mean) / std);
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Principal Neighbourhood Aggregation (PNA) layer.
- */
-export class PNALayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-
-    const aggregators = this.config.params?.aggregators ?? ['mean', 'sum', 'max', 'min'];
-    const scalers = this.config.params?.scalers ?? ['identity', 'amplification', 'attenuation'];
-
-    const outputFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const neighbors = this.getNeighbors(i, edgeIndex, numNodes);
-      const neighborFeatures = neighbors.map((j) => nodeFeatures[j] ?? []);
-      const degree = neighbors.length || 1;
-
-      // Apply multiple aggregators
-      const aggregatedResults: number[][] = [];
-      for (const agg of aggregators) {
-        const messages = neighborFeatures.map((f) => ({
-          source: 0,
-          target: i,
-          vector: f,
-        }));
-        const result = await this.aggregate(messages, agg as AggregationMethod);
-        aggregatedResults.push(result);
-      }
-
-      // Apply scalers
-      const scaledResults: number[][] = [];
-      for (const aggregated of aggregatedResults) {
-        for (const scaler of scalers) {
-          scaledResults.push(this.applyScaler(aggregated, scaler, degree));
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Concatenate and project
-      const combined = scaledResults.flat();
-      const projected = this.projectFeatures(combined);
-      outputFeatures.push(this.applyDropout(projected.map((x) => this.applyActivation(x))));
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(outputFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private getNeighbors(
-    nodeIdx: number,
-    edgeIndex: [number[], number[]],
-    numNodes: number
-  ): number[] {
-    const neighbors = new Set<number>();
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      if (sources[i] === nodeIdx && targets[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(targets[i]);
-      }
-      if (targets[i] === nodeIdx && sources[i] < numNodes) {
-        neighbors.add(sources[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return Array.from(neighbors);
-  }
-
-  private applyScaler(
-    features: number[],
-    scaler: string,
-    degree: number
-  ): number[] {
-    switch (scaler) {
-      case 'amplification':
-        return features.map((x) => x * Math.log(degree + 1));
-      case 'attenuation':
-        return features.map((x) => x / Math.log(degree + 1));
-      case 'identity':
-      default:
-        return features;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private projectFeatures(input: number[]): number[] {
-    const output = new Array(this.config.outputDim).fill(0);
-    for (let i = 0; i < this.config.outputDim; i++) {
-      for (let j = 0; j < Math.min(input.length, 100); j++) {
-        const weight = Math.sin((i * 100 + j) * 0.1) * 0.3;
-        output[i] += (input[j] ?? 0) * weight;
-      }
-    }
-    return output;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * FiLM (Feature-wise Linear Modulation) layer.
- */
-export class FiLMLayer extends BaseGNNLayer {
-  async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex, edgeFeatures } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-
-    const outputFeatures: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const selfFeatures = nodeFeatures[i] ?? [];
-
-      // Compute modulation parameters from edge features
-      const { gamma, beta } = this.computeModulation(edgeFeatures ?? []);
-
-      // Apply FiLM: gamma * x + beta
-      const modulated = selfFeatures.map((x, idx) =>
-        (gamma[idx % gamma.length] ?? 1) * x + (beta[idx % beta.length] ?? 0)
-      );
-
-      outputFeatures.push(this.applyDropout(modulated.map((x) => this.applyActivation(x))));
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(outputFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  async messagePass(nodes: NodeFeatures, edges: EdgeFeatures): Promise<NodeFeatures> {
-    const graph: GraphData = {
-      nodeFeatures: nodes.features,
-      edgeIndex: [
-        edges.sources.map((s) => nodes.ids.indexOf(s)),
-        edges.targets.map((t) => nodes.ids.indexOf(t)),
-      ],
-      edgeFeatures: edges.features,
-    };
-
-    const output = await this.forward(graph);
-
-    return {
-      ids: nodes.ids,
-      features: output.nodeEmbeddings,
-      types: nodes.types,
-      labels: nodes.labels,
-    };
-  }
-
-  private computeModulation(edgeFeatures: number[][]): { gamma: number[]; beta: number[] } {
-    const dim = this.config.outputDim;
-    const gamma = new Array(dim).fill(1);
-    const beta = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    if (edgeFeatures.length > 0) {
-      const meanEdge = this.aggregateMean(edgeFeatures);
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        gamma[i] = 1 + 0.1 * (meanEdge[i % meanEdge.length] ?? 0);
-        beta[i] = 0.1 * (meanEdge[(i + dim / 2) % meanEdge.length] ?? 0);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return { gamma, beta };
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Relational Graph Convolutional Network (RGCN) layer.
- */
-export class RGCNLayer extends GCNLayer {
-  override async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex, edgeTypes } = graph;
-    const numNodes = nodeFeatures.length;
-    const numEdges = edgeIndex[0].length;
-    const numRelations = this.config.params?.numRelations ?? 1;
-
-    // Process each relation type separately
-    const relationOutputs: number[][][] = [];
-
-    for (let r = 0; r < numRelations; r++) {
-      // Filter edges by relation type
-      const relationEdges = this.filterEdgesByType(edgeIndex, edgeTypes ?? [], r);
-
-      // Apply GCN for this relation
-      const relationGraph: GraphData = {
-        nodeFeatures,
-        edgeIndex: relationEdges,
-      };
-
-      const result = await super.forward(relationGraph);
-      relationOutputs.push(result.nodeEmbeddings);
-    }
-
-    // Combine relation outputs
-    const outputFeatures = this.combineRelationOutputs(relationOutputs);
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(outputFeatures),
-      stats: this.createStats(startTime, numNodes, numEdges),
-    };
-  }
-
-  private filterEdgesByType(
-    edgeIndex: [number[], number[]],
-    edgeTypes: number[],
-    targetType: number
-  ): [number[], number[]] {
-    const sources: number[] = [];
-    const targets: number[] = [];
-    const [srcArr, tgtArr] = edgeIndex;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < srcArr.length; i++) {
-      if (edgeTypes[i] === targetType || edgeTypes.length === 0) {
-        sources.push(srcArr[i]);
-        targets.push(tgtArr[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return [sources, targets];
-  }
-
-  private combineRelationOutputs(outputs: number[][][]): number[][] {
-    if (outputs.length === 0) return [];
-    if (outputs.length === 1) return outputs[0];
-
-    const numNodes = outputs[0].length;
-    const result: number[][] = [];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const nodeOutputs = outputs.map((o) => o[i] ?? []);
-      result.push(this.aggregateMean(nodeOutputs));
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Heterogeneous Graph Transformer (HGT) layer.
- */
-export class HGTLayer extends GATLayer {
-  override async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    // HGT uses type-specific transformations
-    const { nodeFeatures, nodeTypes } = graph;
-
-    // Transform features based on node types
-    const transformedFeatures = nodeFeatures.map((f, i) => {
-      const nodeType = nodeTypes?.[i] ?? 0;
-      return this.typeSpecificTransform(f, nodeType);
-    });
-
-    const transformedGraph: GraphData = {
-      ...graph,
-      nodeFeatures: transformedFeatures,
-    };
-
-    return super.forward(transformedGraph);
-  }
-
-  private typeSpecificTransform(features: number[], nodeType: number): number[] {
-    // Apply type-specific transformation
-    return features.map((x, i) => {
-      const weight = Math.sin((nodeType * this.config.inputDim + i) * 0.1);
-      return x * (1 + 0.1 * weight);
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Heterogeneous Attention Network (HAN) layer.
- */
-export class HANLayer extends GATLayer {
-  override async forward(graph: GraphData): Promise<GNNOutput> {
-    const metapaths = this.config.params?.metapaths ?? [];
-
-    if (metapaths.length === 0) {
-      return super.forward(graph);
-    }
-
-    // Process each metapath
-    const metapathOutputs: number[][][] = [];
-
-    for (const metapath of metapaths) {
-      const metapathGraph = this.extractMetapathSubgraph(graph, metapath);
-      const result = await super.forward(metapathGraph);
-      metapathOutputs.push(result.nodeEmbeddings);
-    }
-
-    // Attention over metapaths
-    const outputFeatures = this.attentionOverMetapaths(metapathOutputs);
-
-    return {
-      nodeEmbeddings: outputFeatures,
-      graphEmbedding: this.aggregateMean(outputFeatures),
-      stats: {
-        forwardTimeMs: 0,
-        numNodes: graph.nodeFeatures.length,
-        numEdges: graph.edgeIndex[0].length,
-        memoryBytes: 0,
-        numIterations: metapaths.length,
-      },
-    };
-  }
-
-  private extractMetapathSubgraph(graph: GraphData, _metapath: string[]): GraphData {
-    // Simplified: return original graph
-    // In practice, would filter edges based on metapath
-    // The _metapath parameter would be used to filter edge types
-    return graph;
-  }
-
-  private attentionOverMetapaths(outputs: number[][][]): number[][] {
-    if (outputs.length === 0) return [];
-    if (outputs.length === 1) return outputs[0];
-
-    const numNodes = outputs[0].length;
-    const result: number[][] = [];
-
-    // Compute attention weights for metapaths
-    const metapathWeights = outputs.map((o) => {
-      const importance = o.reduce(
-        (sum, node) => sum + node.reduce((s, v) => s + Math.abs(v), 0),
-        0
-      );
-      return importance;
-    });
-
-    const maxWeight = Math.max(...metapathWeights);
-    const expWeights = metapathWeights.map((w) => Math.exp((w - maxWeight) / 10));
-    const sumExp = expWeights.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
-    const normalizedWeights = expWeights.map((w) => w / sumExp);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < numNodes; i++) {
-      const dim = outputs[0][i]?.length ?? 0;
-      const combined = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-      for (let m = 0; m < outputs.length; m++) {
-        const nodeFeatures = outputs[m][i] ?? [];
-        for (let j = 0; j < dim; j++) {
-          combined[j] += normalizedWeights[m] * (nodeFeatures[j] ?? 0);
-        }
-      }
-
-      result.push(combined);
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * MetaPath-based aggregation layer.
- */
-export class MetaPathLayer extends HANLayer {
-  // Extends HAN with metapath-specific functionality
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Graph Operations
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Graph operations for advanced graph analytics.
- *
- * @example
- * ```typescript
- * const ops = new GraphOperations();
- * const neighbors = await ops.kHopNeighbors('node1', 2);
- * const path = await ops.shortestPath('source', 'target');
- * const ranks = await ops.pageRank({ damping: 0.85 });
- * const communities = await ops.communityDetection({ algorithm: 'louvain' });
- * ```
- */
-export class GraphOperations {
-  private adjacencyList: Map<NodeId, Set<NodeId>> = new Map();
-  private weights: Map<string, number> = new Map();
-  private nodeFeatures: Map<NodeId, number[]> = new Map();
-
-  /**
-   * Load graph data.
-   */
-  loadGraph(graph: GraphData): void {
-    this.adjacencyList.clear();
-    this.weights.clear();
-    this.nodeFeatures.clear();
-
-    const { nodeFeatures, edgeIndex, edgeWeights } = graph;
-    const [sources, targets] = edgeIndex;
-
-    // Initialize nodes
-    for (let i = 0; i < nodeFeatures.length; i++) {
-      this.adjacencyList.set(i, new Set());
-      this.nodeFeatures.set(i, nodeFeatures[i]);
-    }
-
-    // Add edges
-    for (let i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
-      const src = sources[i];
-      const tgt = targets[i];
-      const weight = edgeWeights?.[i] ?? 1;
-
-      this.adjacencyList.get(src)?.add(tgt);
-      this.adjacencyList.get(tgt)?.add(src);
-      this.weights.set(`${src}-${tgt}`, weight);
-      this.weights.set(`${tgt}-${src}`, weight);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Find k-hop neighbors of a node.
-   */
-  async kHopNeighbors(nodeId: NodeId, k: number): Promise<NodeId[]> {
-    const visited = new Set<NodeId>();
-    const queue: { node: NodeId; depth: number }[] = [{ node: nodeId, depth: 0 }];
-    const result: NodeId[] = [];
-
-    while (queue.length > 0) {
-      const { node, depth } = queue.shift()!;
-
-      if (visited.has(node)) continue;
-      visited.add(node);
-
-      if (depth > 0) {
-        result.push(node);
-      }
-
-      if (depth < k) {
-        const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-        for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-          if (!visited.has(neighbor)) {
-            queue.push({ node: neighbor, depth: depth + 1 });
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Find shortest path between two nodes using Dijkstra's algorithm.
-   */
-  async shortestPath(source: NodeId, target: NodeId): Promise<Path> {
-    const distances = new Map<NodeId, number>();
-    const previous = new Map<NodeId, NodeId | null>();
-    const unvisited = new Set<NodeId>(this.adjacencyList.keys());
-
-    for (const node of this.adjacencyList.keys()) {
-      distances.set(node, Infinity);
-      previous.set(node, null);
-    }
-    distances.set(source, 0);
-
-    while (unvisited.size > 0) {
-      // Find minimum distance node
-      let current: NodeId | null = null;
-      let minDist = Infinity;
-
-      for (const node of unvisited) {
-        const dist = distances.get(node) ?? Infinity;
-        if (dist < minDist) {
-          minDist = dist;
-          current = node;
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (current === null || current === target) break;
-
-      unvisited.delete(current);
-
-      // Update neighbors
-      const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(current) ?? new Set();
-      for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-        if (!unvisited.has(neighbor)) continue;
-
-        const edgeWeight = this.weights.get(`${current}-${neighbor}`) ?? 1;
-        const alt = (distances.get(current) ?? Infinity) + edgeWeight;
-
-        if (alt < (distances.get(neighbor) ?? Infinity)) {
-          distances.set(neighbor, alt);
-          previous.set(neighbor, current);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Reconstruct path
-    const nodes: NodeId[] = [];
-    let current: NodeId | null = target;
-
-    while (current !== null) {
-      nodes.unshift(current);
-      current = previous.get(current) ?? null;
-    }
-
-    if (nodes[0] !== source) {
-      return { nodes: [], weight: Infinity };
-    }
-
-    return {
-      nodes,
-      weight: distances.get(target) ?? Infinity,
-    };
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Compute PageRank scores for all nodes.
-   */
-  async pageRank(options: PageRankOptions = {}): Promise<Map<NodeId, number>> {
-    const damping = options.damping ?? 0.85;
-    const maxIterations = options.maxIterations ?? 100;
-    const tolerance = options.tolerance ?? 1e-6;
-
-    const nodes = Array.from(this.adjacencyList.keys());
-    const n = nodes.length;
-
-    if (n === 0) return new Map();
-
-    // Initialize ranks
-    let ranks = new Map<NodeId, number>();
-    const initialRank = 1 / n;
-
-    for (const node of nodes) {
-      ranks.set(node, options.personalization?.get(node) ?? initialRank);
-    }
-
-    // Power iteration
-    for (let iter = 0; iter < maxIterations; iter++) {
-      const newRanks = new Map<NodeId, number>();
-      let diff = 0;
-
-      for (const node of nodes) {
-        let sum = 0;
-        const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-
-        for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-          const neighborOutDegree = this.adjacencyList.get(neighbor)?.size ?? 1;
-          const neighborRank = ranks.get(neighbor) ?? 0;
-
-          if (options.weighted) {
-            const weight = this.weights.get(`${neighbor}-${node}`) ?? 1;
-            sum += (neighborRank * weight) / neighborOutDegree;
-          } else {
-            sum += neighborRank / neighborOutDegree;
-          }
-        }
-
-        const teleport = options.personalization?.get(node) ?? 1 / n;
-        const newRank = (1 - damping) * teleport + damping * sum;
-        newRanks.set(node, newRank);
-
-        diff += Math.abs(newRank - (ranks.get(node) ?? 0));
-      }
-
-      ranks = newRanks;
-
-      if (diff < tolerance) break;
-    }
-
-    return ranks;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Detect communities in the graph.
-   */
-  async communityDetection(options: CommunityOptions): Promise<Community[]> {
-    switch (options.algorithm) {
-      case 'louvain':
-        return this.louvainCommunityDetection(options);
-      case 'label_propagation':
-        return this.labelPropagationCommunityDetection(options);
-      case 'girvan_newman':
-        return this.girvanNewmanCommunityDetection(options);
-      case 'spectral':
-        return this.spectralCommunityDetection(options);
-      default:
-        return this.louvainCommunityDetection(options);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async louvainCommunityDetection(options: CommunityOptions): Promise<Community[]> {
-    const nodes = Array.from(this.adjacencyList.keys());
-    const resolution = options.resolution ?? 1.0;
-    const maxIterations = options.maxIterations ?? 100;
-
-    // Initialize: each node is its own community
-    const community = new Map<NodeId, number>();
-    let nextCommunityId = 0;
-
-    for (const node of nodes) {
-      community.set(node, nextCommunityId++);
-    }
-
-    // Compute total edge weight
-    let totalWeight = 0;
-    for (const weight of this.weights.values()) {
-      totalWeight += weight;
-    }
-    totalWeight /= 2; // Undirected edges counted twice
-
-    // Phase 1: Local moving
-    for (let iter = 0; iter < maxIterations; iter++) {
-      let improved = false;
-
-      for (const node of nodes) {
-        const currentCommunity = community.get(node)!;
-        const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-
-        // Find neighbor communities
-        const neighborCommunities = new Set<number>();
-        for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-          neighborCommunities.add(community.get(neighbor)!);
-        }
-
-        // Find best community
-        let bestCommunity = currentCommunity;
-        let bestModularityGain = 0;
-
-        for (const targetCommunity of neighborCommunities) {
-          if (targetCommunity === currentCommunity) continue;
-
-          const gain = this.modularityGain(
-            node,
-            currentCommunity,
-            targetCommunity,
-            community,
-            resolution,
-            totalWeight
-          );
-
-          if (gain > bestModularityGain) {
-            bestModularityGain = gain;
-            bestCommunity = targetCommunity;
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (bestCommunity !== currentCommunity) {
-          community.set(node, bestCommunity);
-          improved = true;
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (!improved) break;
-    }
-
-    // Build communities
-    const communityMembers = new Map<number, NodeId[]>();
-    for (const [node, commId] of community.entries()) {
-      if (!communityMembers.has(commId)) {
-        communityMembers.set(commId, []);
-      }
-      communityMembers.get(commId)!.push(node);
-    }
-
-    // Filter by minimum size
-    const minSize = options.minSize ?? 1;
-    const communities: Community[] = [];
-
-    for (const [id, members] of communityMembers.entries()) {
-      if (members.length >= minSize) {
-        communities.push({
-          id,
-          members,
-          centroid: this.computeCentroid(members),
-          modularity: this.computeModularity(members, community, totalWeight),
-          density: this.computeDensity(members),
-        });
-      }
-    }
-
-    return communities;
-  }
-
-  private modularityGain(
-    node: NodeId,
-    fromCommunity: number,
-    toCommunity: number,
-    community: Map<NodeId, number>,
-    resolution: number,
-    totalWeight: number
-  ): number {
-    const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-    let linksToCommunity = 0;
-    let linksFromCommunity = 0;
-
-    for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-      const neighborCommunity = community.get(neighbor)!;
-      const weight = this.weights.get(`${node}-${neighbor}`) ?? 1;
-
-      if (neighborCommunity === toCommunity) {
-        linksToCommunity += weight;
-      }
-      if (neighborCommunity === fromCommunity) {
-        linksFromCommunity += weight;
-      }
-    }
-
-    const nodeDegree = neighbors.size;
-
-    return (
-      (linksToCommunity - linksFromCommunity) / totalWeight -
-      (resolution * nodeDegree * (linksToCommunity - linksFromCommunity)) /
-        (2 * totalWeight * totalWeight)
-    );
-  }
-
-  private computeCentroid(members: NodeId[]): number[] | undefined {
-    if (members.length === 0) return undefined;
-
-    const features = members.map((m) => this.nodeFeatures.get(m) ?? []);
-    if (features[0]?.length === 0) return undefined;
-
-    const dim = features[0].length;
-    const centroid = new Array(dim).fill(0);
-
-    for (const f of features) {
-      for (let i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
-        centroid[i] += (f[i] ?? 0) / members.length;
-      }
-    }
-
-    return centroid;
-  }
-
-  private computeModularity(
-    members: NodeId[],
-    _community: Map<NodeId, number>,
-    totalWeight: number
-  ): number {
-    // Note: _community is passed for potential future use in computing inter-community edges
-    let internalEdges = 0;
-    let totalDegree = 0;
-
-    for (const node of members) {
-      const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-      totalDegree += neighbors.size;
-
-      for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-        if (members.includes(neighbor)) {
-          internalEdges += this.weights.get(`${node}-${neighbor}`) ?? 1;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    internalEdges /= 2; // Counted twice
-    const expected = (totalDegree * totalDegree) / (4 * totalWeight);
-
-    return (internalEdges - expected) / totalWeight;
-  }
-
-  private computeDensity(members: NodeId[]): number {
-    if (members.length <= 1) return 1;
-
-    let edges = 0;
-    for (const node of members) {
-      const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-      for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-        if (members.includes(neighbor)) {
-          edges++;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    edges /= 2;
-    const maxEdges = (members.length * (members.length - 1)) / 2;
-
-    return edges / maxEdges;
-  }
-
-  private async labelPropagationCommunityDetection(options: CommunityOptions): Promise<Community[]> {
-    const nodes = Array.from(this.adjacencyList.keys());
-    const maxIterations = options.maxIterations ?? 100;
-
-    // Initialize labels
-    const labels = new Map<NodeId, number>();
-    let nextLabel = 0;
-    for (const node of nodes) {
-      labels.set(node, nextLabel++);
-    }
-
-    // Iterate
-    for (let iter = 0; iter < maxIterations; iter++) {
-      let changed = false;
-
-      // Shuffle nodes
-      const shuffled = [...nodes].sort(() => Math.random() - 0.5);
-
-      for (const node of shuffled) {
-        const neighbors = this.adjacencyList.get(node) ?? new Set();
-        if (neighbors.size === 0) continue;
-
-        // Count neighbor labels
-        const labelCounts = new Map<number, number>();
-        for (const neighbor of neighbors) {
-          const label = labels.get(neighbor)!;
-          labelCounts.set(label, (labelCounts.get(label) ?? 0) + 1);
-        }
-
-        // Find most common label
-        let maxCount = 0;
-        let bestLabel = labels.get(node)!;
-        for (const [label, count] of labelCounts.entries()) {
-          if (count > maxCount) {
-            maxCount = count;
-            bestLabel = label;
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (bestLabel !== labels.get(node)) {
-          labels.set(node, bestLabel);
-          changed = true;
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (!changed) break;
-    }
-
-    // Build communities
-    const communityMembers = new Map<number, NodeId[]>();
-    for (const [node, label] of labels.entries()) {
-      if (!communityMembers.has(label)) {
-        communityMembers.set(label, []);
-      }
-      communityMembers.get(label)!.push(node);
-    }
-
-    return Array.from(communityMembers.entries()).map(([id, members]) => ({
-      id,
-      members,
-      centroid: this.computeCentroid(members),
-      density: this.computeDensity(members),
-    }));
-  }
-
-  private async girvanNewmanCommunityDetection(options: CommunityOptions): Promise<Community[]> {
-    // Simplified Girvan-Newman (edge betweenness)
-    // In practice, this would iteratively remove high-betweenness edges
-    return this.labelPropagationCommunityDetection(options);
-  }
-
-  private async spectralCommunityDetection(options: CommunityOptions): Promise<Community[]> {
-    // Simplified spectral clustering
-    // In practice, would use eigendecomposition of Laplacian
-    return this.labelPropagationCommunityDetection(options);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for k-hop neighbors query.
-   */
-  kHopNeighborsSQL(nodeId: string, k: number, tableName: string, options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-
-    return `
-WITH RECURSIVE k_hop AS (
-  SELECT source_id AS node_id, 1 AS depth
-  FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"
-  WHERE target_id = '${nodeId}'
-  UNION
-  SELECT target_id AS node_id, 1 AS depth
-  FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"
-  WHERE source_id = '${nodeId}'
-  UNION ALL
-  SELECT e.target_id AS node_id, kh.depth + 1
-  FROM k_hop kh
-  JOIN "${schema}"."${edgeTable}" e ON kh.node_id = e.source_id
-  WHERE kh.depth < ${k}
-  UNION ALL
-  SELECT e.source_id AS node_id, kh.depth + 1
-  FROM k_hop kh
-  JOIN "${schema}"."${edgeTable}" e ON kh.node_id = e.target_id
-  WHERE kh.depth < ${k}
-)
-SELECT DISTINCT node_id FROM k_hop WHERE node_id != '${nodeId}';`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for shortest path query.
-   */
-  shortestPathSQL(source: string, target: string, tableName: string, options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-
-    return `
-WITH RECURSIVE path AS (
-  SELECT
-    source_id,
-    target_id,
-    ARRAY[source_id, target_id] AS path,
-    weight AS total_weight,
-    1 AS depth
-  FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"
-  WHERE source_id = '${source}'
-  UNION ALL
-  SELECT
-    p.source_id,
-    e.target_id,
-    p.path || e.target_id,
-    p.total_weight + e.weight,
-    p.depth + 1
-  FROM path p
-  JOIN "${schema}"."${edgeTable}" e ON p.target_id = e.source_id
-  WHERE NOT e.target_id = ANY(p.path)
-    AND p.depth < 10
-)
-SELECT path, total_weight
-FROM path
-WHERE target_id = '${target}'
-ORDER BY total_weight
-LIMIT 1;`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for PageRank computation.
-   */
-  pageRankSQL(tableName: string, options: PageRankOptions & SQLGenerationOptions = {}): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-    const damping = options.damping ?? 0.85;
-    const maxIterations = options.maxIterations ?? 100;
-
-    return `
-SELECT ruvector.page_rank(
-  (SELECT array_agg(ARRAY[source_id::text, target_id::text]) FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"),
-  ${damping},
-  ${maxIterations}
-);`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for community detection.
-   */
-  communityDetectionSQL(tableName: string, options: CommunityOptions & SQLGenerationOptions): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-    const algorithm = options.algorithm ?? 'louvain';
-    const resolution = options.resolution ?? 1.0;
-
-    return `
-SELECT ruvector.community_detection(
-  (SELECT array_agg(ARRAY[source_id::text, target_id::text]) FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"),
-  '${algorithm}',
-  ${resolution}
-);`.trim();
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// SQL Generator for GNN Operations
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * SQL generator for GNN operations in PostgreSQL with RuVector.
- */
-export class GNNSQLGenerator {
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for GNN layer forward pass.
-   */
-  static layerForwardSQL(
-    layer: IGNNLayer,
-    tableName: string,
-    options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}
-  ): string {
-    return layer.toSQL(tableName, options);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for batch GNN operations.
-   */
-  static batchGNNSQL(
-    layers: IGNNLayer[],
-    tableName: string,
-    options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}
-  ): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const nodeColumn = options.nodeColumn ?? 'embedding';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-
-    const layerConfigs = layers.map((l) => ({
-      type: l.type,
-      input_dim: l.config.inputDim,
-      output_dim: l.config.outputDim,
-      num_heads: l.config.numHeads,
-      dropout: l.config.dropout,
-      aggregation: l.config.aggregation,
-      params: l.config.params,
-    }));
-
-    return `
-SELECT ruvector.batch_gnn_forward(
-  (SELECT array_agg(${nodeColumn}) FROM "${schema}"."${tableName}"),
-  (SELECT array_agg(ARRAY[source_id, target_id]) FROM "${schema}"."${edgeTable}"),
-  '${JSON.stringify(layerConfigs)}'::jsonb
-);`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for caching computed embeddings.
-   */
-  static cacheEmbeddingsSQL(
-    tableName: string,
-    cacheTable: string,
-    options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}
-  ): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-
-    return `
-INSERT INTO "${schema}"."${cacheTable}" (node_id, embedding, computed_at)
-SELECT
-  id,
-  ${options.nodeColumn ?? 'embedding'},
-  NOW()
-FROM "${schema}"."${tableName}"
-ON CONFLICT (node_id)
-DO UPDATE SET
-  embedding = EXCLUDED.embedding,
-  computed_at = NOW();`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for creating GNN cache table.
-   */
-  static createCacheTableSQL(
-    cacheTable: string,
-    dimension: number,
-    options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}
-  ): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-
-    return `
-CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "${schema}"."${cacheTable}" (
-  node_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
-  embedding vector(${dimension}) NOT NULL,
-  computed_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
-  layer_config JSONB,
-  version INTEGER DEFAULT 1
-);
-
-CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS "${cacheTable}_computed_at_idx"
-ON "${schema}"."${cacheTable}" (computed_at);`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for message passing operation.
-   */
-  static messagePassingSQL(
-    tableName: string,
-    aggregation: GNNAggregation,
-    options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}
-  ): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const nodeColumn = options.nodeColumn ?? 'embedding';
-    const edgeTable = options.edgeTable ?? `${tableName}_edges`;
-
-    const aggFunctionMap: Record<GNNAggregation, string> = {
-      mean: 'avg',
-      sum: 'sum',
-      max: 'max',
-      min: 'min',
-      attention: 'attention_avg',
-      lstm: 'lstm_agg',
-      softmax: 'softmax_avg',
-      power_mean: 'power_mean',
-      std: 'std',
-      var: 'var',
-    };
-    const aggFunction = aggFunctionMap[aggregation] ?? 'avg';
-
-    return `
-SELECT
-  n.id,
-  ruvector.vector_${aggFunction}(array_agg(neighbor.${nodeColumn})) AS aggregated_embedding
-FROM "${schema}"."${tableName}" n
-LEFT JOIN "${schema}"."${edgeTable}" e ON n.id = e.target_id
-LEFT JOIN "${schema}"."${tableName}" neighbor ON e.source_id = neighbor.id
-GROUP BY n.id;`.trim();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate SQL for graph pooling.
-   */
-  static graphPoolingSQL(
-    tableName: string,
-    poolingMethod: 'mean' | 'sum' | 'max' | 'attention',
-    options: SQLGenerationOptions = {}
-  ): string {
-    const schema = options.schema ?? 'public';
-    const nodeColumn = options.nodeColumn ?? 'embedding';
-
-    const poolFunction = {
-      mean: 'vector_avg',
-      sum: 'vector_sum',
-      max: 'vector_max',
-      attention: 'vector_attention_pool',
-    }[poolingMethod] ?? 'vector_avg';
-
-    return `
-SELECT ruvector.${poolFunction}(
-  (SELECT array_agg(${nodeColumn}) FROM "${schema}"."${tableName}")
-) AS graph_embedding;`.trim();
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Embedding Cache Manager
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Manager for caching computed GNN embeddings.
- */
-export class GNNEmbeddingCache {
-  private cache: Map<string, { embedding: number[]; timestamp: number; version: number }> =
-    new Map();
-  private maxSize: number;
-  private ttlMs: number;
-
-  constructor(maxSize: number = 10000, ttlMs: number = 3600000) {
-    this.maxSize = maxSize;
-    this.ttlMs = ttlMs;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get cached embedding.
-   */
-  get(nodeId: NodeId, version?: number): number[] | undefined {
-    const key = String(nodeId);
-    const entry = this.cache.get(key);
-
-    if (!entry) return undefined;
-
-    // Check TTL
-    if (Date.now() - entry.timestamp > this.ttlMs) {
-      this.cache.delete(key);
-      return undefined;
-    }
-
-    // Check version
-    if (version !== undefined && entry.version !== version) {
-      return undefined;
-    }
-
-    return entry.embedding;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set cached embedding.
-   */
-  set(nodeId: NodeId, embedding: number[], version: number = 1): void {
-    // Evict if at capacity
-    if (this.cache.size >= this.maxSize) {
-      this.evictOldest();
-    }
-
-    this.cache.set(String(nodeId), {
-      embedding,
-      timestamp: Date.now(),
-      version,
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Batch get embeddings.
-   */
-  getBatch(nodeIds: NodeId[], version?: number): Map<NodeId, number[]> {
-    const result = new Map<NodeId, number[]>();
-
-    for (const id of nodeIds) {
-      const embedding = this.get(id, version);
-      if (embedding) {
-        result.set(id, embedding);
-      }
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Batch set embeddings.
-   */
-  setBatch(embeddings: Map<NodeId, number[]>, version: number = 1): void {
-    for (const [id, embedding] of embeddings.entries()) {
-      this.set(id, embedding, version);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Clear cache.
-   */
-  clear(): void {
-    this.cache.clear();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get cache statistics.
-   */
-  getStats(): { size: number; maxSize: number; hitRate: number } {
-    return {
-      size: this.cache.size,
-      maxSize: this.maxSize,
-      hitRate: 0, // Would need to track hits/misses
-    };
-  }
-
-  private evictOldest(): void {
-    let oldestKey: string | null = null;
-    let oldestTimestamp = Infinity;
-
-    for (const [key, entry] of this.cache.entries()) {
-      if (entry.timestamp < oldestTimestamp) {
-        oldestTimestamp = entry.timestamp;
-        oldestKey = key;
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (oldestKey) {
-      this.cache.delete(oldestKey);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// Factory and Default Instance
-// ============================================================================
-
-/**
- * Create a default GNN layer registry with all built-in layers.
- */
-export function createGNNLayerRegistry(): GNNLayerRegistry {
-  return new GNNLayerRegistry();
-}
-
-/**
- * Create a GNN layer with the default registry.
- */
-export function createGNNLayer(type: GNNLayerType, config: Partial<GNNLayerConfig>): IGNNLayer {
-  const registry = createGNNLayerRegistry();
-  return registry.createLayer(type, config);
-}
-
-/**
- * Create graph operations instance.
- */
-export function createGraphOperations(): GraphOperations {
-  return new GraphOperations();
-}
-
-// GNN_DEFAULTS and GNN_SQL_FUNCTIONS are already exported via export const above