chai 5.1.1 → 5.2.0

package/lib/chai/core/assertions.js

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 import {Assertion} from '../assertion.js';
 import {AssertionError} from 'assertion-error';
 import * as _ from '../utils/index.js';
+import {config} from '../config.js';
 
 const {flag} = _;
 
@@ -42,10 +43,25 @@ const {flag} = _;
  * @public
  */
 
-[ 'to', 'be', 'been', 'is'
-, 'and', 'has', 'have', 'with'
-, 'that', 'which', 'at', 'of'
-, 'same', 'but', 'does', 'still', "also" ].forEach(function (chain) {
+[
+  'to',
+  'be',
+  'been',
+  'is',
+  'and',
+  'has',
+  'have',
+  'with',
+  'that',
+  'which',
+  'at',
+  'of',
+  'same',
+  'but',
+  'does',
+  'still',
+  'also'
+].forEach(function (chain) {
   Assertion.addProperty(chain);
 });
 
@@ -233,18 +249,22 @@ Assertion.addProperty('any', function () {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-
 Assertion.addProperty('all', function () {
   flag(this, 'all', true);
   flag(this, 'any', false);
 });
 
 const functionTypes = {
-  'function': ['function', 'asyncfunction', 'generatorfunction', 'asyncgeneratorfunction'],
-  'asyncfunction': ['asyncfunction', 'asyncgeneratorfunction'],
-  'generatorfunction': ['generatorfunction', 'asyncgeneratorfunction'],
-  'asyncgeneratorfunction': ['asyncgeneratorfunction']
-}
+  function: [
+    'function',
+    'asyncfunction',
+    'generatorfunction',
+    'asyncgeneratorfunction'
+  ],
+  asyncfunction: ['asyncfunction', 'asyncgeneratorfunction'],
+  generatorfunction: ['generatorfunction', 'asyncgeneratorfunction'],
+  asyncgeneratorfunction: ['asyncgeneratorfunction']
+};
 
 /**
  * ### .a(type[, msg])
@@ -305,25 +325,25 @@ const functionTypes = {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function an (type, msg) {
+function an(type, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
   type = type.toLowerCase();
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , article = ~[ 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u' ].indexOf(type.charAt(0)) ? 'an ' : 'a ';
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    article = ~['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'].indexOf(type.charAt(0)) ? 'an ' : 'a ';
 
   const detectedType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase();
 
   if (functionTypes['function'].includes(type)) {
     this.assert(
-        functionTypes[type].includes(detectedType)
-      , 'expected #{this} to be ' + article + type
-      , 'expected #{this} not to be ' + article + type
+      functionTypes[type].includes(detectedType),
+      'expected #{this} to be ' + article + type,
+      'expected #{this} not to be ' + article + type
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-      type === detectedType
-      , 'expected #{this} to be ' + article + type
-      , 'expected #{this} not to be ' + article + type
+      type === detectedType,
+      'expected #{this} to be ' + article + type,
+      'expected #{this} not to be ' + article + type
     );
   }
 }
@@ -344,7 +364,7 @@ function SameValueZero(a, b) {
 /**
  *
  */
-function includeChainingBehavior () {
+function includeChainingBehavior() {
   flag(this, 'contains', true);
 }
 
@@ -494,17 +514,17 @@ function includeChainingBehavior () {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function include (val, msg) {
+function include(val, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
 
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , negate = flag(this, 'negate')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , isDeep = flag(this, 'deep')
-    , descriptor = isDeep ? 'deep ' : ''
-    , isEql = isDeep ? flag(this, 'eql') : SameValueZero;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    negate = flag(this, 'negate'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    isDeep = flag(this, 'deep'),
+    descriptor = isDeep ? 'deep ' : '',
+    isEql = isDeep ? flag(this, 'eql') : SameValueZero;
 
   flagMsg = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '';
 
@@ -547,7 +567,7 @@ function include (val, msg) {
       if (isDeep) {
         included = obj.some(function (item) {
           return isEql(item, val);
-        })
+        });
       } else {
         included = obj.indexOf(val) !== -1;
       }
@@ -559,21 +579,24 @@ function include (val, msg) {
       // objects with a custom `@@toStringTag`.
       if (val !== Object(val)) {
         throw new AssertionError(
-          flagMsg + 'the given combination of arguments ('
-          + objType + ' and '
-          + _.type(val).toLowerCase() + ')'
-          + ' is invalid for this assertion. '
-          + 'You can use an array, a map, an object, a set, a string, '
-          + 'or a weakset instead of a '
-          + _.type(val).toLowerCase(),
+          flagMsg +
+            'the given combination of arguments (' +
+            objType +
+            ' and ' +
+            _.type(val).toLowerCase() +
+            ')' +
+            ' is invalid for this assertion. ' +
+            'You can use an array, a map, an object, a set, a string, ' +
+            'or a weakset instead of a ' +
+            _.type(val).toLowerCase(),
           undefined,
           ssfi
         );
       }
 
-      var props = Object.keys(val)
-        , firstErr = null
-        , numErrs = 0;
+      var props = Object.keys(val),
+        firstErr = null,
+        numErrs = 0;
 
       props.forEach(function (prop) {
         var propAssertion = new Assertion(obj);
@@ -608,9 +631,10 @@ function include (val, msg) {
 
   // Assert inclusion in collection or substring in a string.
   this.assert(
-    included
-    , 'expected #{this} to ' + descriptor + 'include ' + _.inspect(val)
-    , 'expected #{this} to not ' + descriptor + 'include ' + _.inspect(val));
+    included,
+    'expected #{this} to ' + descriptor + 'include ' + _.inspect(val),
+    'expected #{this} to not ' + descriptor + 'include ' + _.inspect(val)
+  );
 }
 
 Assertion.addChainableMethod('include', include, includeChainingBehavior);
@@ -655,9 +679,10 @@ Assertion.addChainableMethod('includes', include, includeChainingBehavior);
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('ok', function () {
   this.assert(
-      flag(this, 'object')
-    , 'expected #{this} to be truthy'
-    , 'expected #{this} to be falsy');
+    flag(this, 'object'),
+    'expected #{this} to be truthy',
+    'expected #{this} to be falsy'
+  );
 });
 
 /**
@@ -687,10 +712,21 @@ Assertion.addProperty('ok', function () {
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('true', function () {
   this.assert(
-      true === flag(this, 'object')
-    , 'expected #{this} to be true'
-    , 'expected #{this} to be false'
-    , flag(this, 'negate') ? false : true
+    true === flag(this, 'object'),
+    'expected #{this} to be true',
+    'expected #{this} to be false',
+    flag(this, 'negate') ? false : true
+  );
+});
+
+Assertion.addProperty('numeric', function () {
+  const object = flag(this, 'object');
+
+  this.assert(
+    ['Number', 'BigInt'].includes(_.type(object)),
+    'expected #{this} to be numeric',
+    'expected #{this} to not be numeric',
+    flag(this, 'negate') ? false : true
   );
 });
 
@@ -710,24 +746,25 @@ Assertion.addProperty('true', function () {
  * @public
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('callable', function () {
-  const val = flag(this, 'object')
-  const ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-  const message = flag(this, 'message')
-  const msg = message ? `${message}: ` : ''
+  const val = flag(this, 'object');
+  const ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+  const message = flag(this, 'message');
+  const msg = message ? `${message}: ` : '';
   const negate = flag(this, 'negate');
 
-  const assertionMessage = negate ?
-    `${msg}expected ${_.inspect(val)} not to be a callable function` : 
-    `${msg}expected ${_.inspect(val)} to be a callable function`;
+  const assertionMessage = negate
+    ? `${msg}expected ${_.inspect(val)} not to be a callable function`
+    : `${msg}expected ${_.inspect(val)} to be a callable function`;
 
-  const isCallable = ['Function', 'AsyncFunction', 'GeneratorFunction', 'AsyncGeneratorFunction'].includes(_.type(val));
+  const isCallable = [
+    'Function',
+    'AsyncFunction',
+    'GeneratorFunction',
+    'AsyncGeneratorFunction'
+  ].includes(_.type(val));
 
   if ((isCallable && negate) || (!isCallable && !negate)) {
-    throw new AssertionError(
-      assertionMessage,
-      undefined,
-      ssfi
-    );
+    throw new AssertionError(assertionMessage, undefined, ssfi);
   }
 });
 
@@ -758,10 +795,10 @@ Assertion.addProperty('callable', function () {
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('false', function () {
   this.assert(
-      false === flag(this, 'object')
-    , 'expected #{this} to be false'
-    , 'expected #{this} to be true'
-    , flag(this, 'negate') ? true : false
+    false === flag(this, 'object'),
+    'expected #{this} to be false',
+    'expected #{this} to be true',
+    flag(this, 'negate') ? true : false
   );
 });
 
@@ -789,9 +826,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('false', function () {
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('null', function () {
   this.assert(
-      null === flag(this, 'object')
-    , 'expected #{this} to be null'
-    , 'expected #{this} not to be null'
+    null === flag(this, 'object'),
+    'expected #{this} to be null',
+    'expected #{this} not to be null'
   );
 });
 
@@ -819,9 +856,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('null', function () {
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('undefined', function () {
   this.assert(
-      undefined === flag(this, 'object')
-    , 'expected #{this} to be undefined'
-    , 'expected #{this} not to be undefined'
+    undefined === flag(this, 'object'),
+    'expected #{this} to be undefined',
+    'expected #{this} not to be undefined'
   );
 });
 
@@ -849,9 +886,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('undefined', function () {
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('NaN', function () {
   this.assert(
-      _.isNaN(flag(this, 'object'))
-      , 'expected #{this} to be NaN'
-      , 'expected #{this} not to be NaN'
+    _.isNaN(flag(this, 'object')),
+    'expected #{this} to be NaN',
+    'expected #{this} not to be NaN'
   );
 });
 
@@ -887,12 +924,12 @@ Assertion.addProperty('NaN', function () {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertExist () {
+function assertExist() {
   var val = flag(this, 'object');
   this.assert(
-      val !== null && val !== undefined
-    , 'expected #{this} to exist'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not exist'
+    val !== null && val !== undefined,
+    'expected #{this} to exist',
+    'expected #{this} to not exist'
   );
 }
 
@@ -948,10 +985,10 @@ Assertion.addProperty('exists', assertExist);
  * @public
  */
 Assertion.addProperty('empty', function () {
-  var val = flag(this, 'object')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , itemsCount;
+  var val = flag(this, 'object'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    itemsCount;
 
   flagMsg = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '';
 
@@ -986,9 +1023,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('empty', function () {
   }
 
   this.assert(
-      0 === itemsCount
-    , 'expected #{this} to be empty'
-    , 'expected #{this} not to be empty'
+    0 === itemsCount,
+    'expected #{this} to be empty',
+    'expected #{this} not to be empty'
   );
 });
 
@@ -1021,13 +1058,13 @@ Assertion.addProperty('empty', function () {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function checkArguments () {
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , type = _.type(obj);
+function checkArguments() {
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    type = _.type(obj);
   this.assert(
-      'Arguments' === type
-    , 'expected #{this} to be arguments but got ' + type
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be arguments'
+    'Arguments' === type,
+    'expected #{this} to be arguments but got ' + type,
+    'expected #{this} to not be arguments'
   );
 }
 
@@ -1078,7 +1115,7 @@ Assertion.addProperty('Arguments', checkArguments);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertEqual (val, msg) {
+function assertEqual(val, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
   if (flag(this, 'deep')) {
@@ -1088,12 +1125,12 @@ function assertEqual (val, msg) {
     flag(this, 'lockSsfi', prevLockSsfi);
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        val === obj
-      , 'expected #{this} to equal #{exp}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}'
-      , val
-      , this._obj
-      , true
+      val === obj,
+      'expected #{this} to equal #{exp}',
+      'expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}',
+      val,
+      this._obj,
+      true
     );
   }
 }
@@ -1146,12 +1183,12 @@ function assertEql(obj, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
   var eql = flag(this, 'eql');
   this.assert(
-      eql(obj, flag(this, 'object'))
-    , 'expected #{this} to deeply equal #{exp}'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not deeply equal #{exp}'
-    , obj
-    , this._obj
-    , true
+    eql(obj, flag(this, 'object')),
+    'expected #{this} to deeply equal #{exp}',
+    'expected #{this} to not deeply equal #{exp}',
+    obj,
+    this._obj,
+    true
   );
 }
 
@@ -1200,40 +1237,44 @@ Assertion.addMethod('eqls', assertEql);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertAbove (n, msg) {
+function assertAbove(n, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , doLength = flag(this, 'doLength')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , msgPrefix = ((flagMsg) ? flagMsg + ': ' : '')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase()
-    , errorMessage
-    , shouldThrow = true;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    doLength = flag(this, 'doLength'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    msgPrefix = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '',
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase();
 
   if (doLength && objType !== 'map' && objType !== 'set') {
     new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.have.property('length');
   }
 
-  if (!doLength && (objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date')) {
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to above must be a date';
-  } else if (nType !== 'number' && (doLength || objType === 'number')) {
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to above must be a number';
-  } else if (!doLength && (objType !== 'date' && objType !== 'number')) {
-    var printObj = (objType === 'string') ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
-  } else {
-    shouldThrow = false;
-  }
-
-  if (shouldThrow) {
-    throw new AssertionError(errorMessage, undefined, ssfi);
+  if (!doLength && objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date') {
+    throw new AssertionError(
+      msgPrefix + 'the argument to above must be a date',
+      undefined,
+      ssfi
+    );
+  } else if (!_.isNumeric(n) && (doLength || _.isNumeric(obj))) {
+    throw new AssertionError(
+      msgPrefix + 'the argument to above must be a number',
+      undefined,
+      ssfi
+    );
+  } else if (!doLength && objType !== 'date' && !_.isNumeric(obj)) {
+    var printObj = objType === 'string' ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
+    throw new AssertionError(
+      msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date',
+      undefined,
+      ssfi
+    );
   }
 
   if (doLength) {
-    var descriptor = 'length'
-      , itemsCount;
+    var descriptor = 'length',
+      itemsCount;
     if (objType === 'map' || objType === 'set') {
       descriptor = 'size';
       itemsCount = obj.size;
@@ -1241,18 +1282,20 @@ function assertAbove (n, msg) {
       itemsCount = obj.length;
     }
     this.assert(
-        itemsCount > n
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' above #{exp} but got #{act}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' above #{exp}'
-      , n
-      , itemsCount
+      itemsCount > n,
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' +
+        descriptor +
+        ' above #{exp} but got #{act}',
+      'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' above #{exp}',
+      n,
+      itemsCount
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        obj > n
-      , 'expected #{this} to be above #{exp}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to be at most #{exp}'
-      , n
+      obj > n,
+      'expected #{this} to be above #{exp}',
+      'expected #{this} to be at most #{exp}',
+      n
     );
   }
 }
@@ -1299,34 +1342,35 @@ Assertion.addMethod('greaterThan', assertAbove);
  * @name least
  * @alias gte
  * @alias greaterThanOrEqual
- * @param {number} n
+ * @param {unknown} n
  * @param {string} msg _optional_
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertLeast (n, msg) {
+function assertLeast(n, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , doLength = flag(this, 'doLength')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , msgPrefix = ((flagMsg) ? flagMsg + ': ' : '')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase()
-    , errorMessage
-    , shouldThrow = true;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    doLength = flag(this, 'doLength'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    msgPrefix = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '',
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase(),
+    errorMessage,
+    shouldThrow = true;
 
   if (doLength && objType !== 'map' && objType !== 'set') {
     new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.have.property('length');
   }
 
-  if (!doLength && (objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date')) {
+  if (!doLength && objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date') {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to least must be a date';
-  } else if (nType !== 'number' && (doLength || objType === 'number')) {
+  } else if (!_.isNumeric(n) && (doLength || _.isNumeric(obj))) {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to least must be a number';
-  } else if (!doLength && (objType !== 'date' && objType !== 'number')) {
-    var printObj = (objType === 'string') ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
+  } else if (!doLength && objType !== 'date' && !_.isNumeric(obj)) {
+    var printObj = objType === 'string' ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
+    errorMessage =
+      msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
   } else {
     shouldThrow = false;
   }
@@ -1336,8 +1380,8 @@ function assertLeast (n, msg) {
   }
 
   if (doLength) {
-    var descriptor = 'length'
-      , itemsCount;
+    var descriptor = 'length',
+      itemsCount;
     if (objType === 'map' || objType === 'set') {
       descriptor = 'size';
       itemsCount = obj.size;
@@ -1345,18 +1389,20 @@ function assertLeast (n, msg) {
       itemsCount = obj.length;
     }
     this.assert(
-        itemsCount >= n
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' at least #{exp} but got #{act}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' below #{exp}'
-      , n
-      , itemsCount
+      itemsCount >= n,
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' +
+        descriptor +
+        ' at least #{exp} but got #{act}',
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' below #{exp}',
+      n,
+      itemsCount
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        obj >= n
-      , 'expected #{this} to be at least #{exp}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to be below #{exp}'
-      , n
+      obj >= n,
+      'expected #{this} to be at least #{exp}',
+      'expected #{this} to be below #{exp}',
+      n
     );
   }
 }
@@ -1402,34 +1448,35 @@ Assertion.addMethod('greaterThanOrEqual', assertLeast);
  * @name below
  * @alias lt
  * @alias lessThan
- * @param {number} n
+ * @param {unknown} n
  * @param {string} msg _optional_
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertBelow (n, msg) {
+function assertBelow(n, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , doLength = flag(this, 'doLength')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , msgPrefix = ((flagMsg) ? flagMsg + ': ' : '')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase()
-    , errorMessage
-    , shouldThrow = true;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    doLength = flag(this, 'doLength'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    msgPrefix = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '',
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase(),
+    errorMessage,
+    shouldThrow = true;
 
   if (doLength && objType !== 'map' && objType !== 'set') {
     new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.have.property('length');
   }
 
-  if (!doLength && (objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date')) {
+  if (!doLength && objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date') {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to below must be a date';
-  } else if (nType !== 'number' && (doLength || objType === 'number')) {
+  } else if (!_.isNumeric(n) && (doLength || _.isNumeric(obj))) {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to below must be a number';
-  } else if (!doLength && (objType !== 'date' && objType !== 'number')) {
-    var printObj = (objType === 'string') ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
+  } else if (!doLength && objType !== 'date' && !_.isNumeric(obj)) {
+    var printObj = objType === 'string' ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
+    errorMessage =
+      msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
   } else {
     shouldThrow = false;
   }
@@ -1439,8 +1486,8 @@ function assertBelow (n, msg) {
   }
 
   if (doLength) {
-    var descriptor = 'length'
-      , itemsCount;
+    var descriptor = 'length',
+      itemsCount;
     if (objType === 'map' || objType === 'set') {
       descriptor = 'size';
       itemsCount = obj.size;
@@ -1448,18 +1495,20 @@ function assertBelow (n, msg) {
       itemsCount = obj.length;
     }
     this.assert(
-        itemsCount < n
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' below #{exp} but got #{act}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' below #{exp}'
-      , n
-      , itemsCount
+      itemsCount < n,
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' +
+        descriptor +
+        ' below #{exp} but got #{act}',
+      'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' below #{exp}',
+      n,
+      itemsCount
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        obj < n
-      , 'expected #{this} to be below #{exp}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to be at least #{exp}'
-      , n
+      obj < n,
+      'expected #{this} to be below #{exp}',
+      'expected #{this} to be at least #{exp}',
+      n
     );
   }
 }
@@ -1506,34 +1555,35 @@ Assertion.addMethod('lessThan', assertBelow);
  * @name most
  * @alias lte
  * @alias lessThanOrEqual
- * @param {number} n
+ * @param {unknown} n
  * @param {string} msg _optional_
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertMost (n, msg) {
+function assertMost(n, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , doLength = flag(this, 'doLength')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , msgPrefix = ((flagMsg) ? flagMsg + ': ' : '')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase()
-    , errorMessage
-    , shouldThrow = true;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    doLength = flag(this, 'doLength'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    msgPrefix = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '',
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    nType = _.type(n).toLowerCase(),
+    errorMessage,
+    shouldThrow = true;
 
   if (doLength && objType !== 'map' && objType !== 'set') {
     new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.have.property('length');
   }
 
-  if (!doLength && (objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date')) {
+  if (!doLength && objType === 'date' && nType !== 'date') {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to most must be a date';
-  } else if (nType !== 'number' && (doLength || objType === 'number')) {
+  } else if (!_.isNumeric(n) && (doLength || _.isNumeric(obj))) {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the argument to most must be a number';
-  } else if (!doLength && (objType !== 'date' && objType !== 'number')) {
-    var printObj = (objType === 'string') ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
+  } else if (!doLength && objType !== 'date' && !_.isNumeric(obj)) {
+    var printObj = objType === 'string' ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
+    errorMessage =
+      msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
   } else {
     shouldThrow = false;
   }
@@ -1543,8 +1593,8 @@ function assertMost (n, msg) {
   }
 
   if (doLength) {
-    var descriptor = 'length'
-      , itemsCount;
+    var descriptor = 'length',
+      itemsCount;
     if (objType === 'map' || objType === 'set') {
       descriptor = 'size';
       itemsCount = obj.size;
@@ -1552,18 +1602,20 @@ function assertMost (n, msg) {
       itemsCount = obj.length;
     }
     this.assert(
-        itemsCount <= n
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' at most #{exp} but got #{act}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' above #{exp}'
-      , n
-      , itemsCount
+      itemsCount <= n,
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' +
+        descriptor +
+        ' at most #{exp} but got #{act}',
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' above #{exp}',
+      n,
+      itemsCount
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        obj <= n
-      , 'expected #{this} to be at most #{exp}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to be above #{exp}'
-      , n
+      obj <= n,
+      'expected #{this} to be at most #{exp}',
+      'expected #{this} to be above #{exp}',
+      n
     );
   }
 }
@@ -1608,25 +1660,26 @@ Assertion.addMethod('lessThanOrEqual', assertMost);
  *     expect(4, 'nooo why fail??').to.be.within(1, 3);
  *
  * @name within
- * @param {number} start lower bound inclusive
- * @param {number} finish upper bound inclusive
+ * @param {unknown} start lower bound inclusive
+ * @param {unknown} finish upper bound inclusive
  * @param {string} msg _optional_
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
 Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , doLength = flag(this, 'doLength')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , msgPrefix = ((flagMsg) ? flagMsg + ': ' : '')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , startType = _.type(start).toLowerCase()
-    , finishType = _.type(finish).toLowerCase()
-    , errorMessage
-    , shouldThrow = true
-    , range = (startType === 'date' && finishType === 'date')
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    doLength = flag(this, 'doLength'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    msgPrefix = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '',
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    startType = _.type(start).toLowerCase(),
+    finishType = _.type(finish).toLowerCase(),
+    errorMessage,
+    shouldThrow = true,
+    range =
+      startType === 'date' && finishType === 'date'
         ? start.toISOString() + '..' + finish.toISOString()
         : start + '..' + finish;
 
@@ -1634,13 +1687,21 @@ Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
     new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.have.property('length');
   }
 
-  if (!doLength && (objType === 'date' && (startType !== 'date' || finishType !== 'date'))) {
+  if (
+    !doLength &&
+    objType === 'date' &&
+    (startType !== 'date' || finishType !== 'date')
+  ) {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the arguments to within must be dates';
-  } else if ((startType !== 'number' || finishType !== 'number') && (doLength || objType === 'number')) {
+  } else if (
+    (!_.isNumeric(start) || !_.isNumeric(finish)) &&
+    (doLength || _.isNumeric(obj))
+  ) {
     errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'the arguments to within must be numbers';
-  } else if (!doLength && (objType !== 'date' && objType !== 'number')) {
-    var printObj = (objType === 'string') ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
-    errorMessage = msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
+  } else if (!doLength && objType !== 'date' && !_.isNumeric(obj)) {
+    var printObj = objType === 'string' ? "'" + obj + "'" : obj;
+    errorMessage =
+      msgPrefix + 'expected ' + printObj + ' to be a number or a date';
   } else {
     shouldThrow = false;
   }
@@ -1650,8 +1711,8 @@ Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
   }
 
   if (doLength) {
-    var descriptor = 'length'
-      , itemsCount;
+    var descriptor = 'length',
+      itemsCount;
     if (objType === 'map' || objType === 'set') {
       descriptor = 'size';
       itemsCount = obj.size;
@@ -1659,15 +1720,15 @@ Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
       itemsCount = obj.length;
     }
     this.assert(
-        itemsCount >= start && itemsCount <= finish
-      , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' within ' + range
-      , 'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' within ' + range
+      itemsCount >= start && itemsCount <= finish,
+      'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' within ' + range,
+      'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' within ' + range
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        obj >= start && obj <= finish
-      , 'expected #{this} to be within ' + range
-      , 'expected #{this} to not be within ' + range
+      obj >= start && obj <= finish,
+      'expected #{this} to be within ' + range,
+      'expected #{this} to not be within ' + range
     );
   }
 });
@@ -1710,10 +1771,10 @@ Assertion.addMethod('within', function (start, finish, msg) {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertInstanceOf (constructor, msg) {
+function assertInstanceOf(constructor, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
 
-  var target = flag(this, 'object')
+  var target = flag(this, 'object');
   var ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
   var flagMsg = flag(this, 'message');
 
@@ -1723,8 +1784,10 @@ function assertInstanceOf (constructor, msg) {
     if (err instanceof TypeError) {
       flagMsg = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '';
       throw new AssertionError(
-        flagMsg + 'The instanceof assertion needs a constructor but '
-          + _.type(constructor) + ' was given.',
+        flagMsg +
+          'The instanceof assertion needs a constructor but ' +
+          _.type(constructor) +
+          ' was given.',
         undefined,
         ssfi
       );
@@ -1738,11 +1801,11 @@ function assertInstanceOf (constructor, msg) {
   }
 
   this.assert(
-      isInstanceOf
-    , 'expected #{this} to be an instance of ' + name
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be an instance of ' + name
+    isInstanceOf,
+    'expected #{this} to be an instance of ' + name,
+    'expected #{this} to not be an instance of ' + name
   );
-};
+}
 
 Assertion.addMethod('instanceof', assertInstanceOf);
 Assertion.addMethod('instanceOf', assertInstanceOf);
@@ -1857,30 +1920,36 @@ Assertion.addMethod('instanceOf', assertInstanceOf);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertProperty (name, val, msg) {
+function assertProperty(name, val, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
 
-  var isNested = flag(this, 'nested')
-    , isOwn = flag(this, 'own')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , nameType = typeof name;
+  var isNested = flag(this, 'nested'),
+    isOwn = flag(this, 'own'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    nameType = typeof name;
 
   flagMsg = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '';
 
   if (isNested) {
     if (nameType !== 'string') {
       throw new AssertionError(
-        flagMsg + 'the argument to property must be a string when using nested syntax',
+        flagMsg +
+          'the argument to property must be a string when using nested syntax',
         undefined,
         ssfi
       );
     }
   } else {
-    if (nameType !== 'string' && nameType !== 'number' && nameType !== 'symbol') {
+    if (
+      nameType !== 'string' &&
+      nameType !== 'number' &&
+      nameType !== 'symbol'
+    ) {
       throw new AssertionError(
-        flagMsg + 'the argument to property must be a string, number, or symbol',
+        flagMsg +
+          'the argument to property must be a string, number, or symbol',
         undefined,
         ssfi
       );
@@ -1903,11 +1972,11 @@ function assertProperty (name, val, msg) {
     );
   }
 
-  var isDeep = flag(this, 'deep')
-    , negate = flag(this, 'negate')
-    , pathInfo = isNested ? _.getPathInfo(obj, name) : null
-    , value = isNested ? pathInfo.value : obj[name]
-    , isEql = isDeep ? flag(this, 'eql') : (val1, val2) => val1 === val2;
+  var isDeep = flag(this, 'deep'),
+    negate = flag(this, 'negate'),
+    pathInfo = isNested ? _.getPathInfo(obj, name) : null,
+    value = isNested ? pathInfo.value : obj[name],
+    isEql = isDeep ? flag(this, 'eql') : (val1, val2) => val1 === val2;
 
   var descriptor = '';
   if (isDeep) descriptor += 'deep ';
@@ -1927,18 +1996,25 @@ function assertProperty (name, val, msg) {
   // favor of the next.
   if (!negate || arguments.length === 1) {
     this.assert(
-        hasProperty
-      , 'expected #{this} to have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name)
-      , 'expected #{this} to not have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name));
+      hasProperty,
+      'expected #{this} to have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name),
+      'expected #{this} to not have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name)
+    );
   }
 
   if (arguments.length > 1) {
     this.assert(
-      hasProperty && isEql(val, value)
-      , 'expected #{this} to have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name) + ' of #{exp}, but got #{act}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to not have ' + descriptor + _.inspect(name) + ' of #{act}'
-      , val
-      , value
+      hasProperty && isEql(val, value),
+      'expected #{this} to have ' +
+        descriptor +
+        _.inspect(name) +
+        ' of #{exp}, but got #{act}',
+      'expected #{this} to not have ' +
+        descriptor +
+        _.inspect(name) +
+        ' of #{act}',
+      val,
+      value
     );
   }
 
@@ -1949,11 +2025,11 @@ Assertion.addMethod('property', assertProperty);
 
 /**
  *
- * @param {unknown} name
- * @param {unknown} value
- * @param {string} msg
+ * @param {unknown} _name
+ * @param {unknown} _value
+ * @param {string} _msg
  */
-function assertOwnProperty (name, value, msg) {
+function assertOwnProperty(_name, _value, _msg) {
   flag(this, 'own', true);
   assertProperty.apply(this, arguments);
 }
@@ -2079,7 +2155,7 @@ Assertion.addMethod('haveOwnProperty', assertOwnProperty);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertOwnPropertyDescriptor (name, descriptor, msg) {
+function assertOwnPropertyDescriptor(name, descriptor, msg) {
   if (typeof descriptor === 'string') {
     msg = descriptor;
     descriptor = null;
@@ -2090,18 +2166,28 @@ function assertOwnPropertyDescriptor (name, descriptor, msg) {
   var eql = flag(this, 'eql');
   if (actualDescriptor && descriptor) {
     this.assert(
-        eql(descriptor, actualDescriptor)
-      , 'expected the own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name) + ' on #{this} to match ' + _.inspect(descriptor) + ', got ' + _.inspect(actualDescriptor)
-      , 'expected the own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name) + ' on #{this} to not match ' + _.inspect(descriptor)
-      , descriptor
-      , actualDescriptor
-      , true
+      eql(descriptor, actualDescriptor),
+      'expected the own property descriptor for ' +
+        _.inspect(name) +
+        ' on #{this} to match ' +
+        _.inspect(descriptor) +
+        ', got ' +
+        _.inspect(actualDescriptor),
+      'expected the own property descriptor for ' +
+        _.inspect(name) +
+        ' on #{this} to not match ' +
+        _.inspect(descriptor),
+      descriptor,
+      actualDescriptor,
+      true
     );
   } else {
     this.assert(
-        actualDescriptor
-      , 'expected #{this} to have an own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name)
-      , 'expected #{this} to not have an own property descriptor for ' + _.inspect(name)
+      actualDescriptor,
+      'expected #{this} to have an own property descriptor for ' +
+        _.inspect(name),
+      'expected #{this} to not have an own property descriptor for ' +
+        _.inspect(name)
     );
   }
   flag(this, 'object', actualDescriptor);
@@ -2113,7 +2199,7 @@ Assertion.addMethod('haveOwnPropertyDescriptor', assertOwnPropertyDescriptor);
 /**
  *
  */
-function assertLengthChain () {
+function assertLengthChain() {
   flag(this, 'doLength', true);
 }
 
@@ -2174,14 +2260,14 @@ function assertLengthChain () {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertLength (n, msg) {
+function assertLength(n, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase()
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , descriptor = 'length'
-    , itemsCount;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    objType = _.type(obj).toLowerCase(),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    descriptor = 'length',
+    itemsCount;
 
   switch (objType) {
     case 'map':
@@ -2195,11 +2281,11 @@ function assertLength (n, msg) {
   }
 
   this.assert(
-      itemsCount == n
-    , 'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' of #{exp} but got #{act}'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' of #{act}'
-    , n
-    , itemsCount
+    itemsCount == n,
+    'expected #{this} to have a ' + descriptor + ' of #{exp} but got #{act}',
+    'expected #{this} to not have a ' + descriptor + ' of #{act}',
+    n,
+    itemsCount
   );
 }
 
@@ -2237,9 +2323,9 @@ function assertMatch(re, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
   this.assert(
-      re.exec(obj)
-    , 'expected #{this} to match ' + re
-    , 'expected #{this} not to match ' + re
+    re.exec(obj),
+    'expected #{this} to match ' + re,
+    'expected #{this} not to match ' + re
   );
 }
 
@@ -2272,15 +2358,15 @@ Assertion.addMethod('matches', assertMatch);
  */
 Assertion.addMethod('string', function (str, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
   new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.a('string');
 
   this.assert(
-      ~obj.indexOf(str)
-    , 'expected #{this} to contain ' + _.inspect(str)
-    , 'expected #{this} to not contain ' + _.inspect(str)
+    ~obj.indexOf(str),
+    'expected #{this} to contain ' + _.inspect(str),
+    'expected #{this} to not contain ' + _.inspect(str)
   );
 });
 
@@ -2387,27 +2473,31 @@ Assertion.addMethod('string', function (str, msg) {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertKeys (keys) {
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , objType = _.type(obj)
-    , keysType = _.type(keys)
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , isDeep = flag(this, 'deep')
-    , str
-    , deepStr = ''
-    , actual
-    , ok = true
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message');
+function assertKeys(keys) {
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    objType = _.type(obj),
+    keysType = _.type(keys),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    isDeep = flag(this, 'deep'),
+    str,
+    deepStr = '',
+    actual,
+    ok = true,
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message');
 
   flagMsg = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '';
-  var mixedArgsMsg = flagMsg + 'when testing keys against an object or an array you must give a single Array|Object|String argument or multiple String arguments';
+  var mixedArgsMsg =
+    flagMsg +
+    'when testing keys against an object or an array you must give a single Array|Object|String argument or multiple String arguments';
 
   if (objType === 'Map' || objType === 'Set') {
     deepStr = isDeep ? 'deeply ' : '';
     actual = [];
 
     // Map and Set '.keys' aren't supported in IE 11. Therefore, use .forEach.
-    obj.forEach(function (val, key) { actual.push(key) });
+    obj.forEach(function (val, key) {
+      actual.push(key);
+    });
 
     if (keysType !== 'Array') {
       keys = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
@@ -2441,11 +2531,11 @@ function assertKeys (keys) {
     throw new AssertionError(flagMsg + 'keys required', undefined, ssfi);
   }
 
-  var len = keys.length
-    , any = flag(this, 'any')
-    , all = flag(this, 'all')
-    , expected = keys
-    , isEql = isDeep ? flag(this, 'eql') : (val1, val2) => val1 === val2;
+  var len = keys.length,
+    any = flag(this, 'any'),
+    all = flag(this, 'all'),
+    expected = keys,
+    isEql = isDeep ? flag(this, 'eql') : (val1, val2) => val1 === val2;
 
   if (!any && !all) {
     all = true;
@@ -2453,8 +2543,8 @@ function assertKeys (keys) {
 
   // Has any
   if (any) {
-    ok = expected.some(function(expectedKey) {
-      return actual.some(function(actualKey) {
+    ok = expected.some(function (expectedKey) {
+      return actual.some(function (actualKey) {
         return isEql(expectedKey, actualKey);
       });
     });
@@ -2462,8 +2552,8 @@ function assertKeys (keys) {
 
   // Has all
   if (all) {
-    ok = expected.every(function(expectedKey) {
-      return actual.some(function(actualKey) {
+    ok = expected.every(function (expectedKey) {
+      return actual.some(function (actualKey) {
         return isEql(expectedKey, actualKey);
       });
     });
@@ -2475,7 +2565,7 @@ function assertKeys (keys) {
 
   // Key string
   if (len > 1) {
-    keys = keys.map(function(key) {
+    keys = keys.map(function (key) {
       return _.inspect(key);
     });
     var last = keys.pop();
@@ -2497,12 +2587,12 @@ function assertKeys (keys) {
 
   // Assertion
   this.assert(
-      ok
-    , 'expected #{this} to ' + deepStr + str
-    , 'expected #{this} to not ' + deepStr + str
-    , expected.slice(0).sort(_.compareByInspect)
-    , actual.sort(_.compareByInspect)
-    , true
+    ok,
+    'expected #{this} to ' + deepStr + str,
+    'expected #{this} to not ' + deepStr + str,
+    expected.slice(0).sort(_.compareByInspect),
+    actual.sort(_.compareByInspect),
+    true
   );
 }
 
@@ -2668,12 +2758,12 @@ Assertion.addMethod('key', assertKeys);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
+function assertThrows(errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , negate = flag(this, 'negate') || false;
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    negate = flag(this, 'negate') || false;
   new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.a('function');
 
   if (_.isRegExp(errorLike) || typeof errorLike === 'string') {
@@ -2692,7 +2782,8 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
 
   // If we have the negate flag enabled and at least one valid argument it means we do expect an error
   // but we want it to match a given set of criteria
-  var everyArgIsUndefined = errorLike === undefined && errMsgMatcher === undefined;
+  var everyArgIsUndefined =
+    errorLike === undefined && errMsgMatcher === undefined;
 
   // If we've got the negate flag enabled and both args, we should only fail if both aren't compatible
   // See Issue #551 and PR #683@GitHub
@@ -2701,7 +2792,7 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
   var errMsgMatcherFail = false;
 
   // Checking if error was thrown
-  if (everyArgIsUndefined || !everyArgIsUndefined && !negate) {
+  if (everyArgIsUndefined || (!everyArgIsUndefined && !negate)) {
     // We need this to display results correctly according to their types
     var errorLikeString = 'an error';
     if (errorLike instanceof Error) {
@@ -2715,7 +2806,10 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
       actual = caughtErr.toString();
     } else if (typeof caughtErr === 'string') {
       actual = caughtErr;
-    } else if (caughtErr && (typeof caughtErr === 'object' || typeof caughtErr === 'function')) {
+    } else if (
+      caughtErr &&
+      (typeof caughtErr === 'object' || typeof caughtErr === 'function')
+    ) {
       try {
         actual = _.checkError.getConstructorName(caughtErr);
       } catch (_err) {
@@ -2725,18 +2819,21 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
     }
 
     this.assert(
-      errorWasThrown
-      , 'expected #{this} to throw ' + errorLikeString
-      , 'expected #{this} to not throw an error but #{act} was thrown'
-      , errorLike && errorLike.toString()
-      , actual
+      errorWasThrown,
+      'expected #{this} to throw ' + errorLikeString,
+      'expected #{this} to not throw an error but #{act} was thrown',
+      errorLike && errorLike.toString(),
+      actual
     );
   }
 
   if (errorLike && caughtErr) {
     // We should compare instances only if `errorLike` is an instance of `Error`
     if (errorLike instanceof Error) {
-      var isCompatibleInstance = _.checkError.compatibleInstance(caughtErr, errorLike);
+      var isCompatibleInstance = _.checkError.compatibleInstance(
+        caughtErr,
+        errorLike
+      );
 
       if (isCompatibleInstance === negate) {
         // These checks were created to ensure we won't fail too soon when we've got both args and a negate
@@ -2745,27 +2842,36 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
           errorLikeFail = true;
         } else {
           this.assert(
-              negate
-            , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
-            , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}' + (caughtErr && !negate ? ' but #{act} was thrown' : '')
-            , errorLike.toString()
-            , caughtErr.toString()
+            negate,
+            'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown',
+            'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}' +
+              (caughtErr && !negate ? ' but #{act} was thrown' : ''),
+            errorLike.toString(),
+            caughtErr.toString()
           );
         }
       }
     }
 
-    var isCompatibleConstructor = _.checkError.compatibleConstructor(caughtErr, errorLike);
+    var isCompatibleConstructor = _.checkError.compatibleConstructor(
+      caughtErr,
+      errorLike
+    );
     if (isCompatibleConstructor === negate) {
       if (everyArgIsDefined && negate) {
-          errorLikeFail = true;
+        errorLikeFail = true;
       } else {
         this.assert(
-            negate
-          , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
-          , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}' + (caughtErr ? ' but #{act} was thrown' : '')
-          , (errorLike instanceof Error ? errorLike.toString() : errorLike && _.checkError.getConstructorName(errorLike))
-          , (caughtErr instanceof Error ? caughtErr.toString() : caughtErr && _.checkError.getConstructorName(caughtErr))
+          negate,
+          'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown',
+          'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}' +
+            (caughtErr ? ' but #{act} was thrown' : ''),
+          errorLike instanceof Error
+            ? errorLike.toString()
+            : errorLike && _.checkError.getConstructorName(errorLike),
+          caughtErr instanceof Error
+            ? caughtErr.toString()
+            : caughtErr && _.checkError.getConstructorName(caughtErr)
         );
       }
     }
@@ -2775,20 +2881,25 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
     // Here we check compatible messages
     var placeholder = 'including';
     if (_.isRegExp(errMsgMatcher)) {
-      placeholder = 'matching'
+      placeholder = 'matching';
     }
 
-    var isCompatibleMessage = _.checkError.compatibleMessage(caughtErr, errMsgMatcher);
+    var isCompatibleMessage = _.checkError.compatibleMessage(
+      caughtErr,
+      errMsgMatcher
+    );
     if (isCompatibleMessage === negate) {
       if (everyArgIsDefined && negate) {
-          errMsgMatcherFail = true;
+        errMsgMatcherFail = true;
       } else {
         this.assert(
-          negate
-          , 'expected #{this} to throw error ' + placeholder + ' #{exp} but got #{act}'
-          , 'expected #{this} to throw error not ' + placeholder + ' #{exp}'
-          ,  errMsgMatcher
-          ,  _.checkError.getMessage(caughtErr)
+          negate,
+          'expected #{this} to throw error ' +
+            placeholder +
+            ' #{exp} but got #{act}',
+          'expected #{this} to throw error not ' + placeholder + ' #{exp}',
+          errMsgMatcher,
+          _.checkError.getMessage(caughtErr)
         );
       }
     }
@@ -2797,16 +2908,21 @@ function assertThrows (errorLike, errMsgMatcher, msg) {
   // If both assertions failed and both should've matched we throw an error
   if (errorLikeFail && errMsgMatcherFail) {
     this.assert(
-      negate
-      , 'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown'
-      , 'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}' + (caughtErr ? ' but #{act} was thrown' : '')
-      , (errorLike instanceof Error ? errorLike.toString() : errorLike && _.checkError.getConstructorName(errorLike))
-      , (caughtErr instanceof Error ? caughtErr.toString() : caughtErr && _.checkError.getConstructorName(caughtErr))
+      negate,
+      'expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown',
+      'expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}' +
+        (caughtErr ? ' but #{act} was thrown' : ''),
+      errorLike instanceof Error
+        ? errorLike.toString()
+        : errorLike && _.checkError.getConstructorName(errorLike),
+      caughtErr instanceof Error
+        ? caughtErr.toString()
+        : caughtErr && _.checkError.getConstructorName(caughtErr)
     );
   }
 
   flag(this, 'object', caughtErr);
-};
+}
 
 Assertion.addMethod('throw', assertThrows);
 Assertion.addMethod('throws', assertThrows);
@@ -2876,18 +2992,19 @@ Assertion.addMethod('Throw', assertThrows);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function respondTo (method, msg) {
+function respondTo(method, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , itself = flag(this, 'itself')
-    , context = ('function' === typeof obj && !itself)
-      ? obj.prototype[method]
-      : obj[method];
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    itself = flag(this, 'itself'),
+    context =
+      'function' === typeof obj && !itself
+        ? obj.prototype[method]
+        : obj[method];
 
   this.assert(
-      'function' === typeof context
-    , 'expected #{this} to respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
-    , 'expected #{this} to not respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
+    'function' === typeof context,
+    'expected #{this} to respond to ' + _.inspect(method),
+    'expected #{this} to not respond to ' + _.inspect(method)
   );
 }
 
@@ -2954,16 +3071,16 @@ Assertion.addProperty('itself', function () {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function satisfy (matcher, msg) {
+function satisfy(matcher, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
   var result = matcher(obj);
   this.assert(
-      result
-    , 'expected #{this} to satisfy ' + _.objDisplay(matcher)
-    , 'expected #{this} to not satisfy' + _.objDisplay(matcher)
-    , flag(this, 'negate') ? false : true
-    , result
+    result,
+    'expected #{this} to satisfy ' + _.objDisplay(matcher),
+    'expected #{this} to not satisfy' + _.objDisplay(matcher),
+    flag(this, 'negate') ? false : true,
+    result
   );
 }
 
@@ -3009,25 +3126,38 @@ Assertion.addMethod('satisfies', satisfy);
  */
 function closeTo(expected, delta, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
-
-  new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.a('number');
-  if (typeof expected !== 'number' || typeof delta !== 'number') {
-    flagMsg = flagMsg ? flagMsg + ': ' : '';
-    var deltaMessage = delta === undefined ? ", and a delta is required" : "";
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+
+  new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.numeric;
+  let message = 'A `delta` value is required for `closeTo`';
+  if (delta == undefined)
     throw new AssertionError(
-        flagMsg + 'the arguments to closeTo or approximately must be numbers' + deltaMessage,
-        undefined,
-        ssfi
+      flagMsg ? `${flagMsg}: ${message}` : message,
+      undefined,
+      ssfi
     );
-  }
+  new Assertion(delta, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.numeric;
+  message = 'A `expected` value is required for `closeTo`';
+  if (expected == undefined)
+    throw new AssertionError(
+      flagMsg ? `${flagMsg}: ${message}` : message,
+      undefined,
+      ssfi
+    );
+  new Assertion(expected, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.numeric;
+
+  const abs = (x) => (x < 0n ? -x : x);
+
+  // Used to round floating point number precision arithmetics
+  // See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/3644302
+  const strip = (number) => parseFloat(parseFloat(number).toPrecision(12));
 
   this.assert(
-      Math.abs(obj - expected) <= delta
-    , 'expected #{this} to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
-    , 'expected #{this} not to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
+    strip(abs(obj - expected)) <= delta,
+    'expected #{this} to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta,
+    'expected #{this} not to be close to ' + expected + ' +/- ' + delta
   );
 }
 
@@ -3050,7 +3180,7 @@ function isSubsetOf(_subset, _superset, cmp, contains, ordered) {
     superset = superset.slice();
   }
 
-  return subset.every(function(elem, idx) {
+  return subset.every(function (elem, idx) {
     if (ordered) return cmp ? cmp(elem, superset[idx]) : elem === superset[idx];
 
     if (!cmp) {
@@ -3062,7 +3192,7 @@ function isSubsetOf(_subset, _superset, cmp, contains, ordered) {
       return true;
     }
 
-    return superset.some(function(elem2, matchIdx) {
+    return superset.some(function (elem2, matchIdx) {
       if (!cmp(elem, elem2)) return false;
 
       // Remove match from superset so not counted twice if duplicate in subset.
@@ -3142,9 +3272,9 @@ function isSubsetOf(_subset, _superset, cmp, contains, ordered) {
  */
 Assertion.addMethod('members', function (subset, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var obj = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+  var obj = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
 
   new Assertion(obj, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.be.iterable;
   new Assertion(subset, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.be.iterable;
@@ -3161,18 +3291,19 @@ Assertion.addMethod('members', function (subset, msg) {
   } else {
     subject = ordered ? 'ordered members' : 'members';
     failMsg = 'expected #{this} to have the same ' + subject + ' as #{exp}';
-    failNegateMsg = 'expected #{this} to not have the same ' + subject + ' as #{exp}';
+    failNegateMsg =
+      'expected #{this} to not have the same ' + subject + ' as #{exp}';
   }
 
   var cmp = flag(this, 'deep') ? flag(this, 'eql') : undefined;
 
   this.assert(
-      isSubsetOf(subset, obj, cmp, contains, ordered)
-    , failMsg
-    , failNegateMsg
-    , subset
-    , obj
-    , true
+    isSubsetOf(subset, obj, cmp, contains, ordered),
+    failMsg,
+    failNegateMsg,
+    subset,
+    obj,
+    true
   );
 });
 
@@ -3197,15 +3328,15 @@ Assertion.addMethod('members', function (subset, msg) {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-Assertion.addProperty('iterable', function(msg) {
+Assertion.addProperty('iterable', function (msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
   this.assert(
-    obj != undefined && obj[Symbol.iterator]
-    , 'expected #{this} to be an iterable'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be an iterable'
-    , obj
+    obj != undefined && obj[Symbol.iterator],
+    'expected #{this} to be an iterable',
+    'expected #{this} to not be an iterable',
+    obj
   );
 });
 
@@ -3246,40 +3377,44 @@ Assertion.addProperty('iterable', function(msg) {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function oneOf (list, msg) {
+function oneOf(list, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var expected = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi')
-    , contains = flag(this, 'contains')
-    , isDeep = flag(this, 'deep')
-    , eql = flag(this, 'eql');
+  var expected = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi'),
+    contains = flag(this, 'contains'),
+    isDeep = flag(this, 'deep'),
+    eql = flag(this, 'eql');
   new Assertion(list, flagMsg, ssfi, true).to.be.an('array');
 
   if (contains) {
     this.assert(
-      list.some(function(possibility) { return expected.indexOf(possibility) > -1 })
-      , 'expected #{this} to contain one of #{exp}'
-      , 'expected #{this} to not contain one of #{exp}'
-      , list
-      , expected
+      list.some(function (possibility) {
+        return expected.indexOf(possibility) > -1;
+      }),
+      'expected #{this} to contain one of #{exp}',
+      'expected #{this} to not contain one of #{exp}',
+      list,
+      expected
     );
   } else {
     if (isDeep) {
       this.assert(
-        list.some(function(possibility) { return eql(expected, possibility) })
-        , 'expected #{this} to deeply equal one of #{exp}'
-        , 'expected #{this} to deeply equal one of #{exp}'
-        , list
-        , expected
+        list.some(function (possibility) {
+          return eql(expected, possibility);
+        }),
+        'expected #{this} to deeply equal one of #{exp}',
+        'expected #{this} to deeply equal one of #{exp}',
+        list,
+        expected
       );
     } else {
       this.assert(
-        list.indexOf(expected) > -1
-        , 'expected #{this} to be one of #{exp}'
-        , 'expected #{this} to not be one of #{exp}'
-        , list
-        , expected
+        list.indexOf(expected) > -1,
+        'expected #{this} to be one of #{exp}',
+        'expected #{this} to not be one of #{exp}',
+        list,
+        expected
       );
     }
   }
@@ -3381,11 +3516,11 @@ Assertion.addMethod('oneOf', oneOf);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertChanges (subject, prop, msg) {
+function assertChanges(subject, prop, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var fn = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+  var fn = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
   new Assertion(fn, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.a('function');
 
   var initial;
@@ -3410,9 +3545,9 @@ function assertChanges (subject, prop, msg) {
   flag(this, 'realDelta', final !== initial);
 
   this.assert(
-    initial !== final
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to change'
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not change'
+    initial !== final,
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to change',
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not change'
   );
 }
 
@@ -3497,11 +3632,11 @@ Assertion.addMethod('changes', assertChanges);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertIncreases (subject, prop, msg) {
+function assertIncreases(subject, prop, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var fn = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+  var fn = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
   new Assertion(fn, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.a('function');
 
   var initial;
@@ -3528,9 +3663,9 @@ function assertIncreases (subject, prop, msg) {
   flag(this, 'realDelta', final - initial);
 
   this.assert(
-    final - initial > 0
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to increase'
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not increase'
+    final - initial > 0,
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to increase',
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not increase'
   );
 }
 
@@ -3615,11 +3750,11 @@ Assertion.addMethod('increases', assertIncreases);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-function assertDecreases (subject, prop, msg) {
+function assertDecreases(subject, prop, msg) {
   if (msg) flag(this, 'message', msg);
-  var fn = flag(this, 'object')
-    , flagMsg = flag(this, 'message')
-    , ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
+  var fn = flag(this, 'object'),
+    flagMsg = flag(this, 'message'),
+    ssfi = flag(this, 'ssfi');
   new Assertion(fn, flagMsg, ssfi, true).is.a('function');
 
   var initial;
@@ -3646,9 +3781,9 @@ function assertDecreases (subject, prop, msg) {
   flag(this, 'realDelta', initial - final);
 
   this.assert(
-    final - initial < 0
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to decrease'
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not decrease'
+    final - initial < 0,
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to decrease',
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not decrease'
   );
 }
 
@@ -3737,9 +3872,9 @@ function assertDelta(delta, msg) {
   }
 
   this.assert(
-    expression
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to ' + behavior + ' by ' + delta
-    , 'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not ' + behavior + ' by ' + delta
+    expression,
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to ' + behavior + ' by ' + delta,
+    'expected ' + msgObj + ' to not ' + behavior + ' by ' + delta
   );
 }
 
@@ -3772,7 +3907,7 @@ Assertion.addMethod('by', assertDelta);
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-Assertion.addProperty('extensible', function() {
+Assertion.addProperty('extensible', function () {
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
   // In ES5, if the argument to this method is a primitive, then it will cause a TypeError.
@@ -3783,9 +3918,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('extensible', function() {
   var isExtensible = obj === Object(obj) && Object.isExtensible(obj);
 
   this.assert(
-    isExtensible
-    , 'expected #{this} to be extensible'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be extensible'
+    isExtensible,
+    'expected #{this} to be extensible',
+    'expected #{this} to not be extensible'
   );
 });
 
@@ -3816,7 +3951,7 @@ Assertion.addProperty('extensible', function() {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-Assertion.addProperty('sealed', function() {
+Assertion.addProperty('sealed', function () {
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
   // In ES5, if the argument to this method is a primitive, then it will cause a TypeError.
@@ -3827,9 +3962,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('sealed', function() {
   var isSealed = obj === Object(obj) ? Object.isSealed(obj) : true;
 
   this.assert(
-    isSealed
-    , 'expected #{this} to be sealed'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be sealed'
+    isSealed,
+    'expected #{this} to be sealed',
+    'expected #{this} to not be sealed'
   );
 });
 
@@ -3857,7 +3992,7 @@ Assertion.addProperty('sealed', function() {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-Assertion.addProperty('frozen', function() {
+Assertion.addProperty('frozen', function () {
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
   // In ES5, if the argument to this method is a primitive, then it will cause a TypeError.
@@ -3868,9 +4003,9 @@ Assertion.addProperty('frozen', function() {
   var isFrozen = obj === Object(obj) ? Object.isFrozen(obj) : true;
 
   this.assert(
-    isFrozen
-    , 'expected #{this} to be frozen'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be frozen'
+    isFrozen,
+    'expected #{this} to be frozen',
+    'expected #{this} to not be frozen'
   );
 });
 
@@ -3922,12 +4057,101 @@ Assertion.addProperty('frozen', function() {
  * @namespace BDD
  * @public
  */
-Assertion.addProperty('finite', function(msg) {
+Assertion.addProperty('finite', function (_msg) {
   var obj = flag(this, 'object');
 
   this.assert(
-      typeof obj === 'number' && isFinite(obj)
-    , 'expected #{this} to be a finite number'
-    , 'expected #{this} to not be a finite number'
+    typeof obj === 'number' && isFinite(obj),
+    'expected #{this} to be a finite number',
+    'expected #{this} to not be a finite number'
+  );
+});
+
+/**
+ * A subset-aware compare function
+ *
+ * @param {unknown} expected
+ * @param {unknown} actual
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function compareSubset(expected, actual) {
+  if (expected === actual) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (typeof actual !== typeof expected) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (typeof expected !== 'object' || expected === null) {
+    return expected === actual;
+  }
+  if (!actual) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (Array.isArray(expected)) {
+    if (!Array.isArray(actual)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return expected.every(function (exp) {
+      return actual.some(function (act) {
+        return compareSubset(exp, act);
+      });
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (expected instanceof Date) {
+    if (actual instanceof Date) {
+      return expected.getTime() === actual.getTime();
+    } else {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return Object.keys(expected).every(function (key) {
+    var expectedValue = expected[key];
+    var actualValue = actual[key];
+    if (
+      typeof expectedValue === 'object' &&
+      expectedValue !== null &&
+      actualValue !== null
+    ) {
+      return compareSubset(expectedValue, actualValue);
+    }
+    if (typeof expectedValue === 'function') {
+      return expectedValue(actualValue);
+    }
+    return actualValue === expectedValue;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * ### .containSubset
+ *
+ * Asserts that the target primitive/object/array structure deeply contains all provided fields
+ * at the same key/depth as the provided structure.
+ *
+ * When comparing arrays, the target must contain the subset of at least one of each object/value in the subset array.
+ * Order does not matter.
+ *
+ *     expect({name: {first: "John", last: "Smith"}}).to.containSubset({name: {first: "John"}});
+ *
+ * Add `.not` earlier in the chain to negate the assertion. This will cause the assertion to fail
+ * only if the target DOES contains the provided data at the expected keys/depths.
+ *
+ * @name containSubset
+ * @namespace BDD
+ * @public
+ */
+Assertion.addMethod('containSubset', function (expected) {
+  const actual = _.flag(this, 'object');
+  const showDiff = config.showDiff;
+
+  this.assert(
+    compareSubset(expected, actual),
+    'expected #{act} to contain subset #{exp}',
+    'expected #{act} to not contain subset #{exp}',
+    expected,
+    actual,
+    showDiff
   );
 });