ccg-ros2-workflow 2.2.2 → 3.0.0

package/templates/skills/domains/development/java.md

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+---
+name: java
+description: Java 开发。企业级应用、Spring Boot、微服务。当用户提到 Java、Spring、Maven、Gradle、JVM 时使用。
+---
+
+# 📜 符箓秘典 · Java
+
+
+## Spring Boot
+
+### 基础项目
+```java
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class Application {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
+    }
+}
+
+// Controller
+@RestController
+@RequestMapping("/api/users")
+public class UserController {
+
+    @Autowired
+    private UserService userService;
+
+    @GetMapping("/{id}")
+    public ResponseEntity<User> getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
+        return userService.findById(id)
+            .map(ResponseEntity::ok)
+            .orElse(ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping
+    public ResponseEntity<User> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody UserDTO dto) {
+        User user = userService.create(dto);
+        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED).body(user);
+    }
+}
+
+// Service
+@Service
+public class UserService {
+
+    @Autowired
+    private UserRepository userRepository;
+
+    public Optional<User> findById(Long id) {
+        return userRepository.findById(id);
+    }
+
+    @Transactional
+    public User create(UserDTO dto) {
+        User user = new User();
+        user.setName(dto.getName());
+        user.setEmail(dto.getEmail());
+        return userRepository.save(user);
+    }
+}
+
+// Repository
+@Repository
+public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
+    Optional<User> findByEmail(String email);
+    List<User> findByNameContaining(String name);
+}
+```
+
+### Entity
+```java
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "users")
+@Data
+@NoArgsConstructor
+@AllArgsConstructor
+public class User {
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    private Long id;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String name;
+
+    @Column(unique = true, nullable = false)
+    private String email;
+
+    @CreatedDate
+    private LocalDateTime createdAt;
+
+    @LastModifiedDate
+    private LocalDateTime updatedAt;
+}
+
+// DTO
+@Data
+public class UserDTO {
+    @NotBlank(message = "Name is required")
+    private String name;
+
+    @Email(message = "Invalid email")
+    @NotBlank(message = "Email is required")
+    private String email;
+}
+```
+
+### 配置
+```yaml
+# application.yml
+spring:
+  datasource:
+    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb
+    username: ${DB_USER}
+    password: ${DB_PASS}
+  jpa:
+    hibernate:
+      ddl-auto: update
+    show-sql: true
+
+server:
+  port: 8080
+
+logging:
+  level:
+    root: INFO
+    com.myapp: DEBUG
+```
+
+## 异常处理
+
+```java
+@RestControllerAdvice
+public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
+
+    @ExceptionHandler(ResourceNotFoundException.class)
+    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleNotFound(ResourceNotFoundException ex) {
+        ErrorResponse error = new ErrorResponse(
+            HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value(),
+            ex.getMessage()
+        );
+        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND).body(error);
+    }
+
+    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
+    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleValidation(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
+        String message = ex.getBindingResult().getFieldErrors().stream()
+            .map(FieldError::getDefaultMessage)
+            .collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
+        ErrorResponse error = new ErrorResponse(
+            HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value(),
+            message
+        );
+        return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(error);
+    }
+}
+
+// 自定义异常
+public class ResourceNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
+    public ResourceNotFoundException(String message) {
+        super(message);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 测试
+
+```java
+@SpringBootTest
+@AutoConfigureMockMvc
+class UserControllerTest {
+
+    @Autowired
+    private MockMvc mockMvc;
+
+    @MockBean
+    private UserService userService;
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldGetUser() throws Exception {
+        User user = new User(1L, "Alice", "alice@example.com");
+        when(userService.findById(1L)).thenReturn(Optional.of(user));
+
+        mockMvc.perform(get("/api/users/1"))
+            .andExpect(status().isOk())
+            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name").value("Alice"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldCreateUser() throws Exception {
+        UserDTO dto = new UserDTO();
+        dto.setName("Bob");
+        dto.setEmail("bob@example.com");
+
+        User user = new User(1L, "Bob", "bob@example.com");
+        when(userService.create(any())).thenReturn(user);
+
+        mockMvc.perform(post("/api/users")
+                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
+                .content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(dto)))
+            .andExpect(status().isCreated())
+            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name").value("Bob"));
+    }
+}
+
+// 单元测试
+@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
+class UserServiceTest {
+
+    @Mock
+    private UserRepository userRepository;
+
+    @InjectMocks
+    private UserService userService;
+
+    @Test
+    void shouldFindById() {
+        User user = new User(1L, "Alice", "alice@example.com");
+        when(userRepository.findById(1L)).thenReturn(Optional.of(user));
+
+        Optional<User> result = userService.findById(1L);
+
+        assertTrue(result.isPresent());
+        assertEquals("Alice", result.get().getName());
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## 项目结构
+
+```
+myproject/
+├── pom.xml / build.gradle
+├── src/
+│   ├── main/
+│   │   ├── java/
+│   │   │   └── com/myapp/
+│   │   │       ├── Application.java
+│   │   │       ├── controller/
+│   │   │       ├── service/
+│   │   │       ├── repository/
+│   │   │       ├── model/
+│   │   │       ├── dto/
+│   │   │       └── config/
+│   │   └── resources/
+│   │       └── application.yml
+│   └── test/
+│       └── java/
+└── target/
+```
+
+## 常用依赖
+
+```xml
+<!-- pom.xml -->
+<dependencies>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
+        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
+    </dependency>
+</dependencies>
+```
+
+---
+