catboost 1.25.1 → 1.26.0

package/inc/util/generic/maybe.h

@@ -1,713 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <utility>
-
-#include "maybe_traits.h"
-#include "yexception.h"
-
-#include <util/system/align.h>
-#include <util/stream/output.h>
-#include <util/ysaveload.h>
-
-namespace NMaybe {
-    struct TPolicyUndefinedExcept {
-        [[noreturn]] static void OnEmpty();
-    };
-
-    struct TPolicyUndefinedFail {
-        [[noreturn]] static void OnEmpty();
-    };
-}
-
-struct TNothing {
-    explicit constexpr TNothing(int) noexcept {
-    }
-};
-
-constexpr TNothing NothingObject{0};
-
-constexpr TNothing Nothing() noexcept {
-    return NothingObject;
-}
-
-constexpr bool operator==(TNothing, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class Policy /*= ::NMaybe::TPolicyUndefinedExcept*/>
-class TMaybe : private TMaybeBase<T> {
-public:
-    using TInPlace = NMaybe::TInPlace;
-
-private:
-    static_assert(!std::is_same<std::remove_cv_t<T>, TNothing>::value,
-                  "Instantiation of TMaybe with a TNothing type is ill-formed");
-    static_assert(!std::is_same<std::remove_cv_t<T>, TInPlace>::value,
-                  "Instantiation of TMaybe with a TInPlace type is ill-formed");
-    static_assert(!std::is_reference<T>::value,
-                  "Instantiation of TMaybe with reference type is ill-formed");
-    static_assert(std::is_destructible<T>::value,
-                  "Instantiation of TMaybe with non-destructible type is ill-formed");
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TConstructibleFromMaybeSomehow {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, TMaybe<U, Policy>&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_constructible<T, const TMaybe<U, Policy>&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_constructible<T, TMaybe<U, Policy>&&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_constructible<T, const TMaybe<U, Policy>&&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_convertible<TMaybe<U, Policy>&, T>::value ||
-                                      std::is_convertible<const TMaybe<U, Policy>&, T>::value ||
-                                      std::is_convertible<TMaybe<U, Policy>&&, T>::value ||
-                                      std::is_convertible<const TMaybe<U, Policy>&&, T>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TAssignableFromMaybeSomehow {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = TConstructibleFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value ||
-                                      std::is_assignable<T&, TMaybe<U, Policy>&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_assignable<T&, const TMaybe<U, Policy>&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_assignable<T&, TMaybe<U, Policy>&&>::value ||
-                                      std::is_assignable<T&, const TMaybe<U, Policy>&&>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TImplicitCopyCtor {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, const U&>::value &&
-                                      std::is_convertible<const U&, T>::value &&
-                                      !TConstructibleFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TExplicitCopyCtor {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, const U&>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_convertible<const U&, T>::value &&
-                                      !TConstructibleFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TImplicitMoveCtor {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, U&&>::value &&
-                                      std::is_convertible<U&&, T>::value &&
-                                      !TConstructibleFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TExplicitMoveCtor {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, U&&>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_convertible<U&&, T>::value &&
-                                      !TConstructibleFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TCopyAssignable {
-    public:
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, const U&>::value &&
-                                      std::is_assignable<T&, const U&>::value &&
-                                      !TAssignableFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TMoveAssignable {
-    public:
-         static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, U&&>::value &&
-                                       std::is_assignable<T&, U&&>::value &&
-                                       !TAssignableFromMaybeSomehow<U>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TImplicitAnyCtor {
-    public:
-        using UDec = std::decay_t<U>;
-
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, U>::value &&
-                                      std::is_convertible<U, T>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_same<UDec, TInPlace>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_same<UDec, TMaybe>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TExplicitAnyCtor {
-    public:
-        using UDec = std::decay_t<U>;
-        static constexpr bool value = std::is_constructible<T, U>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_convertible<U, T>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_same<UDec, TInPlace>::value &&
-                                      !std::is_same<UDec, TMaybe>::value;
-    };
-
-    template <class U>
-    struct TAssignableFromAny {
-    public:
-        using UDec = std::decay_t<U>;
-        static constexpr bool value = !std::is_same<UDec, TMaybe>::value &&
-                                      std::is_constructible<T, U>::value &&
-                                      std::is_assignable<T&, U>::value &&
-                                      (!std::is_scalar<T>::value || !std::is_same<UDec, T>::value);
-    };
-
-    using TBase = TMaybeBase<T>;
-
-public:
-    using value_type = T;
-    using TValueType = value_type;
-
-    TMaybe() noexcept = default;
-
-    constexpr TMaybe(const TMaybe&) = default;
-    constexpr TMaybe(TMaybe&&) = default;
-
-    template <class... Args>
-    constexpr explicit TMaybe(TInPlace, Args&&... args)
-        : TBase(TInPlace{}, std::forward<Args>(args)...) {}
-
-    template <class U, class... TArgs>
-    constexpr explicit TMaybe(TInPlace, std::initializer_list<U> il, TArgs&&... args)
-        : TBase(TInPlace{}, il, std::forward<TArgs>(args)...) {}
-
-    constexpr TMaybe(TNothing) noexcept {}
-
-    template <class U, class = std::enable_if_t<TImplicitCopyCtor<U>::value>>
-    TMaybe(const TMaybe<U, Policy>& right) {
-        if (right.Defined()) {
-            new (Data()) T(right.GetRef());
-            this->Defined_ = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template <class U, std::enable_if_t<TExplicitCopyCtor<U>::value, bool> = false>
-    explicit TMaybe(const TMaybe<U, Policy>& right) {
-        if (right.Defined()) {
-            new (Data()) T(right.GetRef());
-            this->Defined_ = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template <class U, class = std::enable_if_t<TImplicitMoveCtor<U>::value>>
-    TMaybe(TMaybe<U, Policy>&& right) noexcept(std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, U&&>::value) {
-        if (right.Defined()) {
-            new (Data()) T(std::move(right.GetRef()));
-            this->Defined_ = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template <class U, std::enable_if_t<TExplicitMoveCtor<U>::value, bool> = false>
-    explicit TMaybe(TMaybe<U, Policy>&& right) noexcept(std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, U&&>::value) {
-        if (right.Defined()) {
-            new (Data()) T(std::move(right.GetRef()));
-            this->Defined_ = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    template <class U = T, class = std::enable_if_t<TImplicitAnyCtor<U>::value>>
-    constexpr TMaybe(U&& right)
-        : TBase(TInPlace{}, std::forward<U>(right)) {}
-
-    template <class U = T, std::enable_if_t<TExplicitAnyCtor<U>::value, bool> = false>
-    constexpr explicit TMaybe(U&& right)
-        : TBase(TInPlace{}, std::forward<U>(right)) {}
-
-    ~TMaybe() = default;
-
-    constexpr TMaybe& operator=(const TMaybe&) = default;
-    constexpr TMaybe& operator=(TMaybe&&) = default;
-
-    TMaybe& operator=(TNothing) noexcept {
-        Clear();
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <class U = T>
-    std::enable_if_t<TAssignableFromAny<U>::value, TMaybe&> operator=(U&& right) {
-        if (Defined()) {
-            *Data() = std::forward<U>(right);
-        } else {
-            Init(std::forward<U>(right));
-        }
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <class U>
-    std::enable_if_t<TCopyAssignable<U>::value,
-    TMaybe&> operator=(const TMaybe<U, Policy>& right) {
-        if (right.Defined()) {
-            if (Defined()) {
-                *Data() = right.GetRef();
-            } else {
-                Init(right.GetRef());
-            }
-        } else {
-            Clear();
-        }
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <class U>
-    std::enable_if_t<TMoveAssignable<U>::value,
-    TMaybe&> operator=(TMaybe<U, Policy>&& right) noexcept(
-        std::is_nothrow_assignable<T&, U&&>::value
-        && std::is_nothrow_constructible<T, U&&>::value)
-    {
-        if (right.Defined()) {
-            if (Defined()) {
-                *Data() = std::move(right.GetRef());
-            } else {
-                Init(std::move(right.GetRef()));
-            }
-        } else {
-            Clear();
-        }
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename... Args>
-    T& ConstructInPlace(Args&&... args) {
-        Clear();
-        Init(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-        return *Data();
-    }
-
-    void Clear() noexcept {
-        if (Defined()) {
-            this->Defined_ = false;
-            Data()->~T();
-        }
-    }
-
-    constexpr bool Defined() const noexcept {
-        return this->Defined_;
-    }
-
-    Y_PURE_FUNCTION
-    constexpr bool Empty() const noexcept {
-        return !Defined();
-    }
-
-    void CheckDefined() const {
-        if (Y_UNLIKELY(!Defined())) {
-            Policy::OnEmpty();
-        }
-    }
-
-    const T* Get() const noexcept {
-        return Defined() ? Data() : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    T* Get() noexcept {
-        return Defined() ? Data() : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    constexpr const T& GetRef() const& {
-        CheckDefined();
-
-        return *Data();
-    }
-
-    constexpr T& GetRef() & {
-        CheckDefined();
-
-        return *Data();
-    }
-
-    constexpr const T&& GetRef() const&& {
-        CheckDefined();
-
-        return std::move(*Data());
-    }
-
-    constexpr T&& GetRef() && {
-        CheckDefined();
-
-        return std::move(*Data());
-    }
-
-    constexpr const T& operator*() const& {
-        return GetRef();
-    }
-
-    constexpr T& operator*() & {
-        return GetRef();
-    }
-
-    constexpr const T&& operator*() const&& {
-        return std::move(GetRef());
-    }
-
-    constexpr T&& operator*() && {
-        return std::move(GetRef());
-    }
-
-    constexpr const T* operator->() const {
-        return &GetRef();
-    }
-
-    constexpr T* operator->() {
-        return &GetRef();
-    }
-
-    constexpr const T& GetOrElse(const T& elseValue) const {
-        return Defined() ? *Data() : elseValue;
-    }
-
-    constexpr T& GetOrElse(T& elseValue) {
-        return Defined() ? *Data() : elseValue;
-    }
-
-    constexpr const TMaybe& OrElse(const TMaybe& elseValue) const noexcept {
-        return Defined() ? *this : elseValue;
-    }
-
-    constexpr TMaybe& OrElse(TMaybe& elseValue) {
-        return Defined() ? *this : elseValue;
-    }
-
-    template <typename U>
-    TMaybe<U, Policy> Cast() const {
-        return Defined() ? TMaybe<U, Policy>(*Data()) : TMaybe<U, Policy>();
-    }
-
-    constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept {
-        return Defined();
-    }
-
-    void Save(IOutputStream* out) const {
-        const bool defined = Defined();
-
-        ::Save<bool>(out, defined);
-
-        if (defined) {
-            ::Save(out, *Data());
-        }
-    }
-
-    void Load(IInputStream* in) {
-        bool defined;
-
-        ::Load(in, defined);
-
-        if (defined) {
-            if (!Defined()) {
-                ConstructInPlace();
-            }
-
-            ::Load(in, *Data());
-        } else {
-            Clear();
-        }
-    }
-
-    void Swap(TMaybe& other) {
-        if (this->Defined_ == other.Defined_) {
-            if (this->Defined_) {
-                ::DoSwap(this->Data_, other.Data_);
-            }
-        } else {
-            if (this->Defined_) {
-                other.Init(std::move(this->Data_));
-                this->Clear();
-            } else {
-                this->Init(std::move(other.Data_));
-                other.Clear();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    void swap(TMaybe& other) {
-        Swap(other);
-    }
-
-private:
-    constexpr const T* Data() const noexcept {
-        return std::addressof(this->Data_);
-    }
-
-    constexpr T* Data() noexcept {
-        return std::addressof(this->Data_);
-    }
-
-    template <typename... Args>
-    void Init(Args&&... args) {
-        new (Data()) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-        this->Defined_ = true;
-    }
-};
-
-template <class T>
-using TMaybeFail = TMaybe<T, NMaybe::TPolicyUndefinedFail>;
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy = ::NMaybe::TPolicyUndefinedExcept>
-constexpr TMaybe<std::decay_t<T>, TPolicy> MakeMaybe(T&& value) {
-    return TMaybe<std::decay_t<T>, TPolicy>(std::forward<T>(value));
-}
-
-template <class T, class... TArgs>
-constexpr TMaybe<T> MakeMaybe(TArgs&&... args) {
-    return TMaybe<T>(typename TMaybe<T>::TInPlace{}, std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
-}
-
-template <class T, class U, class... TArgs>
-constexpr TMaybe<T> MakeMaybe(std::initializer_list<U> il, TArgs&&... args) {
-    return TMaybe<T>(typename TMaybe<T>::TInPlace{}, il, std::forward<TArgs>(args)...);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-void Swap(TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& lhs, TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& rhs) {
-    lhs.Swap(rhs);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-void swap(TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& lhs, TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& rhs) {
-    lhs.Swap(rhs);
-}
-
-template <typename T, class TPolicy>
-struct THash<TMaybe<T, TPolicy>> {
-    constexpr size_t operator()(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& data) const {
-        return (data.Defined()) ? THash<T>()(data.GetRef()) : 42;
-    }
-};
-
-// Comparisons between TMaybe
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator==(const ::TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, const ::TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) {
-    return (static_cast<bool>(left) != static_cast<bool>(right))
-               ? false
-               : (
-                     !static_cast<bool>(left)
-                         ? true
-                         : *left == *right);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator!=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) {
-    return !(left == right);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) {
-    return (!static_cast<bool>(right))
-               ? false
-               : (
-                     !static_cast<bool>(left)
-                         ? true
-                         : (*left < *right));
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) {
-    return right < left;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) {
-    return !(right < left);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) {
-    return !(left < right);
-}
-
-// Comparisons with TNothing
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator==(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return !static_cast<bool>(left);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator==(TNothing, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) noexcept {
-    return !static_cast<bool>(right);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator!=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return static_cast<bool>(left);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator!=(TNothing, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) noexcept {
-    return static_cast<bool>(right);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>&, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<(TNothing, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) noexcept {
-    return static_cast<bool>(right);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return !static_cast<bool>(left);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<=(TNothing, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>&) noexcept {
-    return true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& left, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return static_cast<bool>(left);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>(TNothing, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>&) noexcept {
-    return false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>&, TNothing) noexcept {
-    return true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>=(TNothing, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& right) noexcept {
-    return !static_cast<bool>(right);
-}
-
-// Comparisons with T
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator==(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const T& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? *maybe == value : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator==(const T& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? *maybe == value : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator!=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const T& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? !(*maybe == value) : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator!=(const T& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? !(*maybe == value) : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const T& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? std::less<T>{}(*maybe, value) : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<(const T& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? std::less<T>{}(value, *maybe) : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const T& value) {
-    return !(maybe > value);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator<=(const T& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return !(value > maybe);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const T& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? value < maybe : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>(const T& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? maybe < value : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const T& value) {
-    return !(maybe < value);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-constexpr bool operator>=(const T& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return !(value < maybe);
-}
-
-// Comparison with values convertible to T
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator==(const ::TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const U& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? *maybe == value : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator==(const U& value, const ::TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? *maybe == value : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator!=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const U& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? !(*maybe == value) : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator!=(const U& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? !(*maybe == value) : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator<(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const U& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? std::less<T>{}(*maybe, value) : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator<(const U& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? std::less<T>{}(value, *maybe) : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator<=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const U& value) {
-    return !(maybe > value);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator<=(const U& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return !(value > maybe);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator>(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const U& value) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? value < maybe : false;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator>(const U& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return static_cast<bool>(maybe) ? maybe < value : true;
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator>=(const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe, const U& value) {
-    return !(maybe < value);
-}
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy, class U, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<U, T>::value, int> = 0>
-constexpr bool operator>=(const U& value, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    return !(value < maybe);
-}
-
-class IOutputStream;
-
-template <class T, class TPolicy>
-inline IOutputStream& operator<<(IOutputStream& out, const TMaybe<T, TPolicy>& maybe) {
-    if (maybe.Defined()) {
-        out << *maybe;
-    } else {
-        out << TStringBuf("(empty maybe)");
-    }
-    return out;
-}