brepjs-bim 0.2.0 → 0.3.1

package/dist/brepjs-bim.js

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { addHoles, applyMatrix, autoHeal, castShape, cut, err, extrude, getKernel, isClosedWire, isOk, isPlanarWire, isSolid, isValid, isValidSolid, measureVolume, mesh, ok, outerWire, polygon, revolve, rotate, validSolid } from "brepjs";
+import { addHoles, applyMatrix, autoHeal, box, castShape, convexHull, cut, err, extrude, fuse, getKernel, isClosedWire, isOk, isPlanarWire, isSolid, isValid, isValidSolid, measureVolume, mesh, ok, outerWire, polygon, revolve, rotate, validSolid } from "brepjs";
 import * as WebIFC from "web-ifc";
 import { Handle, IfcAPI } from "web-ifc";
 //#region src/identity/ifcGuid.ts
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ function _usingCtx() {
 //#region src/elementFns/wallFns.ts
 function wallToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$18 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$19 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("WALL_ZERO_LENGTH", "Wall length must be positive"));
 		if (spec.height <= 0) return err(specError("WALL_ZERO_HEIGHT", "Wall height must be positive"));
 		if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("WALL_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Wall thickness must be positive"));
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ function wallToSolid(spec) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "WALL_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create wall profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$18.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$19.u(profileResult.value), [
 			length,
 			0,
 			0
@@ -283,16 +283,16 @@ function wallToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$18.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$19.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$18.d();
+		_usingCtx$19.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/slabFns.ts
 function slabToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$17 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$18 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("SLAB_ZERO_LENGTH", "Slab length must be positive"));
 		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("SLAB_ZERO_WIDTH", "Slab width must be positive"));
 		if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("SLAB_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Slab thickness must be positive"));
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ function slabToSolid(spec) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "SLAB_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create slab profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$17.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$18.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			thickness
@@ -333,9 +333,9 @@ function slabToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$17.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$18.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$17.d();
+		_usingCtx$18.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
@@ -5012,14 +5012,14 @@ function to3D(points) {
 }
 function extendedProfileToFace(profile) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$16 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$17 = _usingCtx();
 		const invalid = validateProfile(profile);
 		if (invalid !== null) return err(invalid);
 		const outerResult = polygon(to3D(outerLoop(profile)));
 		if (!outerResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(outerResult.error, "PROFILE_FACE_FAILED", "Failed to build profile outer face"));
 		const holes = holeLoops(profile);
 		if (holes.length === 0) return ok(outerResult.value);
-		const outerFace = _usingCtx$16.u(outerResult.value);
+		const outerFace = _usingCtx$17.u(outerResult.value);
 		const holeFaces = [];
 		const holeWires = [];
 		const disposeHoleFaces = () => {
@@ -5044,9 +5044,9 @@ function extendedProfileToFace(profile) {
 		disposeHoleFaces();
 		return ok(faceWithHoles);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$16.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$17.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$16.d();
+		_usingCtx$17.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
@@ -5367,7 +5367,7 @@ function profileToPolygon(profile, circleSegments = 32) {
 //#region src/elementFns/beamFns.ts
 function beamToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$15 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$16 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("BEAM_ZERO_LENGTH", "Beam length must be positive"));
 		if (isExtendedProfile(spec.profile)) try {
 			var _usingCtx3 = _usingCtx();
@@ -5402,7 +5402,7 @@ function beamToSolid(spec) {
 			py
 		]));
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "BEAM_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create beam profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$15.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$16.u(profileResult.value), [
 			spec.length,
 			0,
 			0
@@ -5415,16 +5415,16 @@ function beamToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$15.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$16.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$15.d();
+		_usingCtx$16.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/columnFns.ts
 function columnToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$14 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$15 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.height <= 0) return err(specError("COLUMN_ZERO_HEIGHT", "Column height must be positive"));
 		if (isExtendedProfile(spec.profile)) try {
 			var _usingCtx3 = _usingCtx();
@@ -5452,7 +5452,7 @@ function columnToSolid(spec) {
 		const profilePts = profilePtsResult.value;
 		const profileResult = polygon(profilePts);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "COLUMN_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create column profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$14.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$15.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			spec.height
@@ -5465,9 +5465,9 @@ function columnToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$14.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$15.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$14.d();
+		_usingCtx$15.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
@@ -5475,7 +5475,7 @@ function columnToSolid(spec) {
 var EPSILON_MM$1 = 1;
 function openingToSolid(spec, wallThickness) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$13 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$14 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("OPENING_ZERO_WIDTH", "Opening width must be positive"));
 		if (spec.height <= 0) return err(specError("OPENING_ZERO_HEIGHT", "Opening height must be positive"));
 		if (wallThickness <= 0) return err(specError("OPENING_ZERO_WALL_THICKNESS", "Wall thickness must be positive"));
@@ -5507,7 +5507,7 @@ function openingToSolid(spec, wallThickness) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "OPENING_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create opening profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$13.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$14.u(profileResult.value), [
 			spec.width,
 			0,
 			0
@@ -5520,9 +5520,9 @@ function openingToSolid(spec, wallThickness) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$13.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$14.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$13.d();
+		_usingCtx$14.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
@@ -5530,7 +5530,7 @@ function openingToSolid(spec, wallThickness) {
 var EPSILON_MM = 1;
 function slabOpeningToSolid(spec, slabThickness) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$12 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$13 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.sizeX <= 0) return err(specError("SLAB_OPENING_ZERO_SIZE_X", "Slab opening sizeX must be positive"));
 		if (spec.sizeY <= 0) return err(specError("SLAB_OPENING_ZERO_SIZE_Y", "Slab opening sizeY must be positive"));
 		if (slabThickness <= 0) return err(specError("SLAB_OPENING_ZERO_SLAB_THICKNESS", "Slab thickness must be positive"));
@@ -5562,7 +5562,7 @@ function slabOpeningToSolid(spec, slabThickness) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "SLAB_OPENING_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create slab opening profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$12.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$13.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			slabThickness + 2 * EPSILON_MM
@@ -5575,16 +5575,16 @@ function slabOpeningToSolid(spec, slabThickness) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$12.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$13.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$12.d();
+		_usingCtx$13.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/spaceFns.ts
 function spaceToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$11 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$12 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("SPACE_ZERO_LENGTH", "Space length must be positive"));
 		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("SPACE_ZERO_WIDTH", "Space width must be positive"));
 		if (spec.height <= 0) return err(specError("SPACE_ZERO_HEIGHT", "Space height must be positive"));
@@ -5612,7 +5612,7 @@ function spaceToSolid(spec) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "SPACE_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create space footprint"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$11.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$12.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			height
@@ -5625,21 +5625,26 @@ function spaceToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$11.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$12.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$11.d();
+		_usingCtx$12.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/roofFns.ts
-function roofToSolid(spec) {
+var DEG2RAD = Math.PI / 180;
+function gate(solid, code) {
+	if (!isValidSolid(solid)) {
+		solid[Symbol.dispose]();
+		return err(geometryError(code, "Roof solid failed validity check"));
+	}
+	return ok(solid);
+}
+function flatRoof(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$10 = _usingCtx();
-		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("ROOF_ZERO_LENGTH", "Roof length must be positive"));
-		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("ROOF_ZERO_WIDTH", "Roof width must be positive"));
-		if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("ROOF_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Roof thickness must be positive"));
+		var _usingCtx$11 = _usingCtx();
 		const { length, width, thickness } = spec;
-		const profileResult = polygon([
+		const face = polygon([
 			[
 				0,
 				0,
@@ -5661,30 +5666,212 @@ function roofToSolid(spec) {
 				0
 			]
 		]);
-		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "ROOF_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create roof profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$10.u(profileResult.value), [
+		if (!face.ok) return err(fromBrepError(face.error, "ROOF_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create roof profile"));
+		const solid = extrude(_usingCtx$11.u(face.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			thickness
 		]);
-		if (!solidResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solidResult.error, "ROOF_EXTRUDE_FAILED", "Failed to extrude roof profile"));
-		const solid = solidResult.value;
-		if (!isValidSolid(solid)) {
-			solid[Symbol.dispose]();
-			return err(geometryError("ROOF_INVALID_SOLID", "Extruded roof solid failed validity check"));
-		}
-		return ok(solid);
+		if (!solid.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solid.error, "ROOF_EXTRUDE_FAILED", "Failed to extrude roof profile"));
+		return gate(solid.value, "ROOF_INVALID_SOLID");
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$10.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$11.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$10.d();
+		_usingCtx$11.d();
+	}
+}
+function shedRoof(spec, pitch) {
+	try {
+		var _usingCtx3 = _usingCtx();
+		const { length, width, thickness } = spec;
+		const rise = width * Math.tan(pitch * DEG2RAD);
+		const face = polygon([
+			[
+				0,
+				0,
+				0
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				width,
+				0
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				width,
+				thickness + rise
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				0,
+				thickness
+			]
+		]);
+		if (!face.ok) return err(fromBrepError(face.error, "ROOF_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create shed profile"));
+		const solid = extrude(_usingCtx3.u(face.value), [
+			length,
+			0,
+			0
+		]);
+		if (!solid.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solid.error, "ROOF_EXTRUDE_FAILED", "Failed to extrude shed roof"));
+		return gate(solid.value, "ROOF_INVALID_SOLID");
+	} catch (_) {
+		_usingCtx3.e = _;
+	} finally {
+		_usingCtx3.d();
+	}
+}
+function gableRoof(spec, pitch) {
+	try {
+		var _usingCtx4 = _usingCtx();
+		const { length, width, thickness } = spec;
+		const ridge = width / 2 * Math.tan(pitch * DEG2RAD);
+		const face = polygon([
+			[
+				0,
+				0,
+				0
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				width,
+				0
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				width,
+				thickness
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				width / 2,
+				thickness + ridge
+			],
+			[
+				0,
+				0,
+				thickness
+			]
+		]);
+		if (!face.ok) return err(fromBrepError(face.error, "ROOF_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create gable profile"));
+		const solid = extrude(_usingCtx4.u(face.value), [
+			length,
+			0,
+			0
+		]);
+		if (!solid.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solid.error, "ROOF_EXTRUDE_FAILED", "Failed to extrude gable roof"));
+		return gate(solid.value, "ROOF_INVALID_SOLID");
+	} catch (_) {
+		_usingCtx4.e = _;
+	} finally {
+		_usingCtx4.d();
+	}
+}
+function hipRoof(spec, pitch) {
+	const { length: l, width: w } = spec;
+	const tan = Math.tan(pitch * DEG2RAD);
+	const base = [
+		[
+			0,
+			0,
+			0
+		],
+		[
+			l,
+			0,
+			0
+		],
+		[
+			l,
+			w,
+			0
+		],
+		[
+			0,
+			w,
+			0
+		]
+	];
+	let ridge;
+	if (l >= w) {
+		const h = w / 2 * tan;
+		ridge = [[
+			w / 2,
+			w / 2,
+			h
+		], [
+			l - w / 2,
+			w / 2,
+			h
+		]];
+	} else {
+		const h = l / 2 * tan;
+		ridge = [[
+			l / 2,
+			l / 2,
+			h
+		], [
+			l / 2,
+			w - l / 2,
+			h
+		]];
+	}
+	const solid = convexHull([...base, ...ridge]);
+	if (!solid.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solid.error, "ROOF_HIP_FAILED", "Failed to build hip roof"));
+	return gate(solid.value, "ROOF_INVALID_SOLID");
+}
+function domeRoof(spec) {
+	const { length, width } = spec;
+	const r = Math.min(length, width) / 2;
+	const cx = length / 2;
+	const cy = width / 2;
+	const segments = 24;
+	const rings = [
+		0,
+		.4,
+		.7,
+		.9
+	];
+	const pts = [];
+	for (const h of rings) {
+		const z = r * h;
+		const ringR = r * Math.sqrt(1 - h * h);
+		for (let i = 0; i < segments; i++) {
+			const a = 2 * Math.PI * i / segments;
+			pts.push([
+				cx + ringR * Math.cos(a),
+				cy + ringR * Math.sin(a),
+				z
+			]);
+		}
+	}
+	pts.push([
+		cx,
+		cy,
+		r
+	]);
+	const solid = convexHull(pts);
+	if (!solid.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solid.error, "ROOF_DOME_FAILED", "Failed to build dome roof"));
+	return gate(solid.value, "ROOF_INVALID_SOLID");
+}
+function roofToSolid(spec) {
+	if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("ROOF_ZERO_LENGTH", "Roof length must be positive"));
+	if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("ROOF_ZERO_WIDTH", "Roof width must be positive"));
+	if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("ROOF_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Roof thickness must be positive"));
+	if (spec.pitch === void 0) return flatRoof(spec);
+	switch (spec.predefinedType) {
+		case "SHED_ROOF": return shedRoof(spec, spec.pitch);
+		case "GABLE_ROOF": return gableRoof(spec, spec.pitch);
+		case "HIP_ROOF": return hipRoof(spec, spec.pitch);
+		case "DOME_ROOF": return domeRoof(spec);
+		default: return flatRoof(spec);
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/curtainWallFns.ts
 function boxSolid(sizeX, sizeY, sizeZ) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$9 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$10 = _usingCtx();
 		const profileResult = polygon([
 			[
 				0,
@@ -5708,7 +5895,7 @@ function boxSolid(sizeX, sizeY, sizeZ) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "CURTAIN_WALL_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create component profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$9.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$10.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			sizeZ
@@ -5721,9 +5908,9 @@ function boxSolid(sizeX, sizeY, sizeZ) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$9.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$10.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$9.d();
+		_usingCtx$10.d();
 	}
 }
 function disposeComponents(components) {
@@ -5822,7 +6009,7 @@ function curtainWallToGrid(spec) {
 //#region src/elementFns/foundationFns.ts
 function footingToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$8 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$9 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("FOOTING_ZERO_LENGTH", "Footing length must be positive"));
 		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("FOOTING_ZERO_WIDTH", "Footing width must be positive"));
 		if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("FOOTING_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Footing thickness must be positive"));
@@ -5850,7 +6037,7 @@ function footingToSolid(spec) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "FOOTING_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create footing profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$8.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$9.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			thickness
@@ -5863,9 +6050,9 @@ function footingToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$8.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$9.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$8.d();
+		_usingCtx$9.d();
 	}
 }
 function pileToSolid(spec) {
@@ -5918,12 +6105,9 @@ function pileToSolid(spec) {
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/railingFns.ts
-function railingToSolid(spec) {
+function panelRailing(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$7 = _usingCtx();
-		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("RAILING_ZERO_LENGTH", "Railing length must be positive"));
-		if (spec.height <= 0) return err(specError("RAILING_ZERO_HEIGHT", "Railing height must be positive"));
-		if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("RAILING_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Railing thickness must be positive"));
+		var _usingCtx$8 = _usingCtx();
 		const { length, height, thickness } = spec;
 		const profileResult = polygon([
 			[
@@ -5948,7 +6132,7 @@ function railingToSolid(spec) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "RAILING_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create railing profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$7.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$8.u(profileResult.value), [
 			length,
 			0,
 			0
@@ -5961,16 +6145,72 @@ function railingToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$7.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$8.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$7.d();
+		_usingCtx$8.d();
+	}
+}
+function postedRailing(spec) {
+	const { length, height, thickness: t } = spec;
+	const boxes = [];
+	const postCount = Math.max(2, Math.round(length / 1e3) + 1);
+	for (let i = 0; i < postCount; i++) {
+		const x = t / 2 + (length - t) * (i / (postCount - 1));
+		boxes.push(box(t, t, height, {
+			at: [
+				x,
+				t / 2,
+				height / 2
+			],
+			centered: true
+		}));
+	}
+	for (const z of [height - t / 2, t / 2]) boxes.push(box(length, t, t, {
+		at: [
+			length / 2,
+			t / 2,
+			z
+		],
+		centered: true
+	}));
+	const scratch = [...boxes];
+	let acc;
+	let failure;
+	for (const b of boxes) {
+		if (acc === void 0) {
+			acc = b;
+			continue;
+		}
+		const fused = fuse(acc, b);
+		if (!fused.ok) {
+			failure = fromBrepError(fused.error, "RAILING_FUSE_FAILED", "Failed to fuse railing parts");
+			break;
+		}
+		acc = fused.value;
+		scratch.push(acc);
 	}
+	const survivor = failure ? void 0 : acc;
+	for (const s of scratch) if (s !== survivor) s[Symbol.dispose]();
+	if (failure) return err(failure);
+	if (survivor === void 0) return err(geometryError("RAILING_INVALID_SOLID", "Posted railing produced no solid"));
+	const result = survivor;
+	if (!isValidSolid(result)) {
+		result[Symbol.dispose]();
+		return err(geometryError("RAILING_INVALID_SOLID", "Posted railing solid failed validity check"));
+	}
+	return ok(result);
+}
+function railingToSolid(spec) {
+	if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("RAILING_ZERO_LENGTH", "Railing length must be positive"));
+	if (spec.height <= 0) return err(specError("RAILING_ZERO_HEIGHT", "Railing height must be positive"));
+	if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("RAILING_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Railing thickness must be positive"));
+	return spec.infill === "POSTED" ? postedRailing(spec) : panelRailing(spec);
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/coveringFns.ts
 function coveringToSolid(spec) {
 	try {
-		var _usingCtx$6 = _usingCtx();
+		var _usingCtx$7 = _usingCtx();
 		if (spec.length <= 0) return err(specError("COVERING_ZERO_LENGTH", "Covering length must be positive"));
 		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("COVERING_ZERO_WIDTH", "Covering width must be positive"));
 		if (spec.thickness <= 0) return err(specError("COVERING_ZERO_THICKNESS", "Covering thickness must be positive"));
@@ -5998,7 +6238,7 @@ function coveringToSolid(spec) {
 			]
 		]);
 		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "COVERING_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create covering profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$6.u(profileResult.value), [
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$7.u(profileResult.value), [
 			0,
 			0,
 			thickness
@@ -6011,9 +6251,9 @@ function coveringToSolid(spec) {
 		}
 		return ok(solid);
 	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$6.e = _;
+		_usingCtx$7.e = _;
 	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$6.d();
+		_usingCtx$7.d();
 	}
 }
 //#endregion
@@ -6443,17 +6683,17 @@ var BimModel = class {
 	}
 	#cutWallGeometry(wall, openingSpec) {
 		try {
-			var _usingCtx$5 = _usingCtx();
+			var _usingCtx$6 = _usingCtx();
 			const toolResult = openingToSolid(openingSpec, wall.spec.thickness);
 			if (!toolResult.ok) return err(toolResult.error);
-			const tool = _usingCtx$5.u(toolResult.value);
+			const tool = _usingCtx$6.u(toolResult.value);
 			const cutResult = cut(wall.geometry, tool);
 			if (!cutResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(cutResult.error, "WALL_CUT_FAILED", "Boolean cut of wall with opening failed"));
 			return ok(cutResult.value);
 		} catch (_) {
-			_usingCtx$5.e = _;
+			_usingCtx$6.e = _;
 		} finally {
-			_usingCtx$5.d();
+			_usingCtx$6.d();
 		}
 	}
 	#replaceWallGeometry(wall, newGeometry) {
@@ -6690,18 +6930,365 @@ var BimModel = class {
 		this.#elements.set(localId, el);
 		return localId;
 	}
-	#makeRel(fields) {
-		const localId = this.#counter.next();
-		const guid = deriveIfcGuidSync(makeRelKey(this.#modelScope, fields.kind, localId));
-		const rel = {
-			...fields,
-			guid,
-			localId
-		};
-		this.#relationships.set(localId, rel);
-		return localId;
+	#makeRel(fields) {
+		const localId = this.#counter.next();
+		const guid = deriveIfcGuidSync(makeRelKey(this.#modelScope, fields.kind, localId));
+		const rel = {
+			...fields,
+			guid,
+			localId
+		};
+		this.#relationships.set(localId, rel);
+		return localId;
+	}
+};
+//#endregion
+//#region src/import/placement.ts
+/**
+* Metres-per-file-unit length scale read from the IfcUnitAssignment's
+* LENGTHUNIT. Multiply a file-unit length by this to get metres, then by 1000
+* for brepjs millimetres. Returns 1.0 (assume metres) when no length unit is
+* declared.
+*/
+function readLengthScale(reader) {
+	const assignments = reader.getLinesOfType(WebIFC.IFCUNITASSIGNMENT);
+	for (const assignmentId of assignments) {
+		const units = asRefArray$1(reader.getLine(assignmentId)?.["Units"]);
+		for (const unitId of units) {
+			const scale = lengthScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId);
+			if (scale !== null) return scale;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+/**
+* Radians-per-file-unit plane-angle scale read from the IfcUnitAssignment's
+* PLANEANGLEUNIT (1 for RADIAN, ~0.0174533 for DEGREE). Defaults to 1 (the IFC
+* default plane-angle unit is the radian).
+*/
+function readPlaneAngleScale(reader) {
+	for (const assignmentId of reader.getLinesOfType(WebIFC.IFCUNITASSIGNMENT)) {
+		const units = asRefArray$1(reader.getLine(assignmentId)?.["Units"]);
+		for (const unitId of units) {
+			const s = planeAngleScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId);
+			if (s !== null) return s;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+function planeAngleScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId) {
+	const unit = reader.getLine(unitId);
+	if (unit === null) return null;
+	const type = reader.getLineType(unitId);
+	if (type === WebIFC.IFCSIUNIT) {
+		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "PLANEANGLEUNIT") return null;
+		if (enumValue(unit["Name"]) !== "RADIAN") return null;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (type === WebIFC.IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT) {
+		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "PLANEANGLEUNIT") return null;
+		const measureId = refValue$2(unit["ConversionFactor"]);
+		if (measureId === null) return null;
+		const factor = numericValue(reader.getLine(measureId)?.["ValueComponent"]);
+		if (factor === null) return null;
+		return factor;
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+function lengthScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId) {
+	const unit = reader.getLine(unitId);
+	if (unit === null) return null;
+	const type = reader.getLineType(unitId);
+	if (type === WebIFC.IFCSIUNIT) {
+		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "LENGTHUNIT") return null;
+		if (enumValue(unit["Name"]) !== "METRE") return null;
+		return siPrefixFactor(enumValue(unit["Prefix"]));
+	}
+	if (type === WebIFC.IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT) {
+		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "LENGTHUNIT") return null;
+		const measureId = refValue$2(unit["ConversionFactor"]);
+		if (measureId === null) return null;
+		const measure = reader.getLine(measureId);
+		const factor = numericValue(measure?.["ValueComponent"]);
+		if (factor === null) return null;
+		const baseId = refValue$2(measure?.["UnitComponent"]);
+		return factor * (baseId !== null ? lengthScaleFromUnit(reader, baseId) ?? 1 : 1);
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+function siPrefixFactor(prefix) {
+	switch (prefix) {
+		case null: return 1;
+		case "KILO": return 1e3;
+		case "HECTO": return 100;
+		case "DECA": return 10;
+		case "DECI": return .1;
+		case "CENTI": return .01;
+		case "MILLI": return .001;
+		case "MICRO": return 1e-6;
+		default: return 1;
+	}
+}
+/**
+* Builds a row-major MatrixTransform (for brepjs `applyMatrix`) from an
+* (origin, axisX, axisZ) frame, using the SAME IFC orthonormalization as
+* {@link readAxis2Placement3D}: z = normalize(axisZ); x = normalize(axisX
+* projected onto the plane ⊥ z); y = z × x. The basis vectors are the matrix
+* columns, so the row-major linear array is [Xx,Yx,Zx, Xy,Yy,Zy, Xz,Yz,Zz];
+* translation = origin (mm). This is the display-side counterpart to the IFC
+* writer's Axis2Placement3D (Axis=Z, RefDirection=X) so on-screen placement and
+* the IFC export agree.
+*/
+function placementToMatrix(f) {
+	const z = normalize$1(f.axisZ);
+	const dot = z[0] * f.axisX[0] + z[1] * f.axisX[1] + z[2] * f.axisX[2];
+	const projX = [
+		f.axisX[0] - dot * z[0],
+		f.axisX[1] - dot * z[1],
+		f.axisX[2] - dot * z[2]
+	];
+	const x = lengthSq(projX) < 1e-12 ? normalize$1(orthogonal$2(z)) : normalize$1(projX);
+	const y = cross$1(z, x);
+	return {
+		linear: [
+			x[0],
+			y[0],
+			z[0],
+			x[1],
+			y[1],
+			z[1],
+			x[2],
+			y[2],
+			z[2]
+		],
+		translation: [
+			f.origin[0],
+			f.origin[1],
+			f.origin[2]
+		]
+	};
+}
+function cross$1(a, b) {
+	return [
+		a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1],
+		a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2],
+		a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]
+	];
+}
+function lengthSq(v) {
+	return v[0] * v[0] + v[1] * v[1] + v[2] * v[2];
+}
+function normalize$1(v) {
+	const len = Math.sqrt(lengthSq(v));
+	if (len < 1e-12) return [
+		0,
+		0,
+		1
+	];
+	return [
+		v[0] / len,
+		v[1] / len,
+		v[2] / len
+	];
+}
+function orthogonal$2(v) {
+	return Math.abs(v[0]) < .9 ? cross$1(v, [
+		1,
+		0,
+		0
+	]) : cross$1(v, [
+		0,
+		1,
+		0
+	]);
+}
+function refValue$2(v) {
+	if (v === null || v === void 0) return null;
+	if (typeof v === "number") return v;
+	const value = v.value;
+	return typeof value === "number" ? value : null;
+}
+function asRefArray$1(v) {
+	if (!Array.isArray(v)) return [];
+	const out = [];
+	for (const item of v) {
+		const id = refValue$2(item);
+		if (id !== null) out.push(id);
+	}
+	return out;
+}
+function numericValue(v) {
+	if (typeof v === "number") return v;
+	if (v === null || v === void 0) return null;
+	const value = v.value;
+	return typeof value === "number" ? value : null;
+}
+function enumValue(v) {
+	if (typeof v === "string") return v;
+	if (v === null || v === void 0) return null;
+	const value = v.value;
+	return typeof value === "string" ? value : null;
+}
+//#endregion
+//#region src/elementFns/stairFns.ts
+function buildSilhouette$1(numberOfRisers, riserHeight, treadLength) {
+	const pts = [];
+	pts.push([
+		0,
+		0,
+		0
+	]);
+	let x = 0;
+	let z = 0;
+	for (let i = 0; i < numberOfRisers; i++) {
+		z += riserHeight;
+		pts.push([
+			x,
+			0,
+			z
+		]);
+		x += treadLength;
+		pts.push([
+			x,
+			0,
+			z
+		]);
+	}
+	pts.push([
+		x,
+		0,
+		0
+	]);
+	return pts;
+}
+function stairFlightToSolid(spec) {
+	try {
+		var _usingCtx$5 = _usingCtx();
+		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_ZERO_WIDTH", "Stair flight width must be positive"));
+		if (spec.riserHeight <= 0) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_ZERO_RISER", "Stair flight riserHeight must be positive"));
+		if (spec.treadLength <= 0) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_ZERO_TREAD", "Stair flight treadLength must be positive"));
+		if (!Number.isInteger(spec.numberOfRisers) || spec.numberOfRisers < 1) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_BAD_RISERS", "Stair flight numberOfRisers must be a positive integer"));
+		const profileResult = polygon(buildSilhouette$1(spec.numberOfRisers, spec.riserHeight, spec.treadLength));
+		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "STAIR_FLIGHT_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create stair flight silhouette profile"));
+		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$5.u(profileResult.value), [
+			0,
+			spec.width,
+			0
+		]);
+		if (!solidResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solidResult.error, "STAIR_FLIGHT_EXTRUDE_FAILED", "Failed to extrude stair flight silhouette"));
+		const solid = solidResult.value;
+		if (!isValidSolid(solid)) {
+			solid[Symbol.dispose]();
+			return err(geometryError("STAIR_FLIGHT_INVALID_SOLID", "Stair flight solid failed validity check"));
+		}
+		return ok({
+			solid,
+			geometrySimplified: false
+		});
+	} catch (_) {
+		_usingCtx$5.e = _;
+	} finally {
+		_usingCtx$5.d();
+	}
+}
+//#endregion
+//#region src/elementFns/placedGeometry.ts
+function place(solid, frame) {
+	const result = applyMatrix(solid, placementToMatrix(frame));
+	if (!result.ok) return err(fromBrepError(result.error, "PLACED_GEOMETRY_FAILED", "Failed to place element geometry"));
+	return ok(result.value);
+}
+function disposeAll(solids) {
+	for (const s of solids) s[Symbol.dispose]();
+}
+/**
+* Returns each element's geometry transformed to its world placement, as fresh
+* caller-owned solids, wrapped in a `Result` (Layer-2 code prefers `Result` over
+* throwing). **Dispose the returned solids** (e.g. via `using` / `[Symbol.dispose]`)
+* when you own their lifetime — they are independent of the model
+* (`BimModel[Symbol.dispose]` frees only the stored, unplaced `.geometry`). On any
+* failure the solids already built for this call are disposed before the error is
+* returned, so no partial array is leaked.
+*
+* Stairs carry no element solid (`.geometry` is null), so flight solids are built
+* from `spec.flights` and placed per flight. Curtain walls return placed panels +
+* mullions. Elements with no solid geometry (doors/windows/ramps/groups/spatial)
+* return an empty array.
+*/
+function placedSolids(el) {
+	switch (el.category) {
+		case "WALL":
+		case "SLAB":
+		case "BEAM":
+		case "COLUMN":
+		case "SPACE":
+		case "ROOF":
+		case "FOOTING":
+		case "PILE":
+		case "RAILING": {
+			const placed = place(el.geometry, el.spec);
+			if (!placed.ok) return placed;
+			return ok([placed.value]);
+		}
+		case "STAIR": {
+			const out = [];
+			for (const flight of el.spec.flights) try {
+				var _usingCtx$4 = _usingCtx();
+				const built = stairFlightToSolid(flight);
+				if (!built.ok) {
+					disposeAll(out);
+					return err(built.error);
+				}
+				const placed = place(_usingCtx$4.u(built.value.solid), flight);
+				if (!placed.ok) {
+					disposeAll(out);
+					return placed;
+				}
+				out.push(placed.value);
+			} catch (_) {
+				_usingCtx$4.e = _;
+			} finally {
+				_usingCtx$4.d();
+			}
+			return ok(out);
+		}
+		case "CURTAIN_WALL": {
+			const out = [];
+			for (const c of [...el.geometry.panels, ...el.geometry.mullions]) try {
+				var _usingCtx3 = _usingCtx();
+				const componentLocal = place(c.solid, {
+					origin: c.origin,
+					axisX: [
+						1,
+						0,
+						0
+					],
+					axisZ: [
+						0,
+						0,
+						1
+					]
+				});
+				if (!componentLocal.ok) {
+					disposeAll(out);
+					return componentLocal;
+				}
+				const placed = place(_usingCtx3.u(componentLocal.value), el.spec);
+				if (!placed.ok) {
+					disposeAll(out);
+					return placed;
+				}
+				out.push(placed.value);
+			} catch (_) {
+				_usingCtx3.e = _;
+			} finally {
+				_usingCtx3.d();
+			}
+			return ok(out);
+		}
+		default: return ok([]);
 	}
-};
+}
 //#endregion
 //#region src/ifc-writer/schemaVersion.ts
 /**
@@ -7972,7 +8559,7 @@ function writeSlabGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 		productDefinitionShapeId
 	};
 }
-function writeRoofGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
+function writeRoofGeometry(w, spec, solid, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 	const placement3DId = writeAxis2Placement3D(w, spec.origin.map(toIfcLengthM), spec.axisZ, spec.axisX);
 	const localPlacementId = w.nextId();
 	w.writeLine({
@@ -7981,6 +8568,14 @@ function writeRoofGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 		PlacementRelTo: parentPlacementId !== null ? w.ref(parentPlacementId) : null,
 		RelativePlacement: w.ref(placement3DId)
 	});
+	if (spec.pitch !== void 0) {
+		const tess = writeTessellation(w, solid, geomSubContextId, localPlacementId);
+		return {
+			localPlacementId,
+			productDefinitionShapeId: tess.productDefinitionShapeId,
+			usedFallback: tess.usedFallback
+		};
+	}
 	const lengthM = toIfcLengthM(spec.length);
 	const widthM = toIfcLengthM(spec.width);
 	const thicknessM = toIfcLengthM(spec.thickness);
@@ -8048,7 +8643,8 @@ function writeRoofGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 	});
 	return {
 		localPlacementId,
-		productDefinitionShapeId
+		productDefinitionShapeId,
+		usedFallback: false
 	};
 }
 function writeAxis2Placement2D$1(w) {
@@ -8751,68 +9347,6 @@ function writeRelContainedInSpatialStructure(w, guid, ownerHistoryId, relatingSt
 	});
 }
 //#endregion
-//#region src/elementFns/stairFns.ts
-function buildSilhouette$1(numberOfRisers, riserHeight, treadLength) {
-	const pts = [];
-	pts.push([
-		0,
-		0,
-		0
-	]);
-	let x = 0;
-	let z = 0;
-	for (let i = 0; i < numberOfRisers; i++) {
-		z += riserHeight;
-		pts.push([
-			x,
-			0,
-			z
-		]);
-		x += treadLength;
-		pts.push([
-			x,
-			0,
-			z
-		]);
-	}
-	pts.push([
-		x,
-		0,
-		0
-	]);
-	return pts;
-}
-function stairFlightToSolid(spec) {
-	try {
-		var _usingCtx$4 = _usingCtx();
-		if (spec.width <= 0) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_ZERO_WIDTH", "Stair flight width must be positive"));
-		if (spec.riserHeight <= 0) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_ZERO_RISER", "Stair flight riserHeight must be positive"));
-		if (spec.treadLength <= 0) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_ZERO_TREAD", "Stair flight treadLength must be positive"));
-		if (!Number.isInteger(spec.numberOfRisers) || spec.numberOfRisers < 1) return err(specError("STAIR_FLIGHT_BAD_RISERS", "Stair flight numberOfRisers must be a positive integer"));
-		const profileResult = polygon(buildSilhouette$1(spec.numberOfRisers, spec.riserHeight, spec.treadLength));
-		if (!profileResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(profileResult.error, "STAIR_FLIGHT_PROFILE_FAILED", "Failed to create stair flight silhouette profile"));
-		const solidResult = extrude(_usingCtx$4.u(profileResult.value), [
-			0,
-			spec.width,
-			0
-		]);
-		if (!solidResult.ok) return err(fromBrepError(solidResult.error, "STAIR_FLIGHT_EXTRUDE_FAILED", "Failed to extrude stair flight silhouette"));
-		const solid = solidResult.value;
-		if (!isValidSolid(solid)) {
-			solid[Symbol.dispose]();
-			return err(geometryError("STAIR_FLIGHT_INVALID_SOLID", "Stair flight solid failed validity check"));
-		}
-		return ok({
-			solid,
-			geometrySimplified: false
-		});
-	} catch (_) {
-		_usingCtx$4.e = _;
-	} finally {
-		_usingCtx$4.d();
-	}
-}
-//#endregion
 //#region src/elementFns/rampFns.ts
 function buildSilhouette(length, rise, thickness) {
 	return [
@@ -9123,7 +9657,7 @@ function writeRampAssembly(w, spec, rampKey, ownerHistoryId, geomSubContextId, p
 }
 //#endregion
 //#region src/ifc-writer/railingWriter.ts
-function writeRailingGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
+function writeRailingGeometry(w, spec, solid, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 	const placement3DId = writeAxis2Placement3D(w, spec.origin.map(toIfcLengthM), spec.axisZ, spec.axisX);
 	const localPlacementId = w.nextId();
 	w.writeLine({
@@ -9132,6 +9666,15 @@ function writeRailingGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 		PlacementRelTo: parentPlacementId !== null ? w.ref(parentPlacementId) : null,
 		RelativePlacement: w.ref(placement3DId)
 	});
+	if (spec.infill === "POSTED") {
+		const tess = writeTessellation(w, solid, geomSubContextId, localPlacementId);
+		return {
+			localPlacementId,
+			productDefinitionShapeId: tess.productDefinitionShapeId,
+			bodyItemId: null,
+			usedFallback: tess.usedFallback
+		};
+	}
 	const thicknessM = toIfcLengthM(spec.thickness);
 	const heightM = toIfcLengthM(spec.height);
 	const lengthM = toIfcLengthM(spec.length);
@@ -9208,7 +9751,8 @@ function writeRailingGeometry(w, spec, geomSubContextId, parentPlacementId) {
 	return {
 		localPlacementId,
 		productDefinitionShapeId,
-		bodyItemId: extrusionId
+		bodyItemId: extrusionId,
+		usedFallback: false
 	};
 }
 function writeRailingEntity(w, guid, name, predefinedType, ownerHistoryId, localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId) {
@@ -11579,7 +12123,8 @@ async function toIfc(model, meta) {
 	for (const [i, roof] of roofs.entries()) {
 		const containingId = findContainerOf(roof.localId, relationships);
 		const storeyPlacementId = containingId !== null ? placementMap.get(containingId) ?? null : null;
-		const { localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId } = writeRoofGeometry(w, roof.spec, geomSubContextId, storeyPlacementId);
+		const { localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId, usedFallback } = writeRoofGeometry(w, roof.spec, roof.geometry, geomSubContextId, storeyPlacementId);
+		if (usedFallback) console.warn(`Roof ${i + 1} tessellation failed; IFC body is a degenerate fallback.`);
 		const roofExpressId = writeRoofEntity(w, roof.guid, `Roof ${i + 1}`, roof.spec.predefinedType, ownerHistoryId, localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId);
 		idMap.set(roof.localId, roofExpressId);
 		placementMap.set(roof.localId, localPlacementId);
@@ -11651,14 +12196,15 @@ async function toIfc(model, meta) {
 	for (const [i, railing] of railings.entries()) {
 		const containingId = findContainerOf(railing.localId, relationships);
 		const storeyPlacementId = containingId !== null ? placementMap.get(containingId) ?? null : null;
-		const { localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId, bodyItemId } = writeRailingGeometry(w, railing.spec, geomSubContextId, storeyPlacementId);
+		const { localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId, bodyItemId, usedFallback } = writeRailingGeometry(w, railing.spec, railing.geometry, geomSubContextId, storeyPlacementId);
+		if (usedFallback) console.warn(`Railing ${i + 1} tessellation failed; IFC body is a degenerate fallback.`);
 		const railingExpressId = writeRailingEntity(w, railing.guid, `Railing ${i + 1}`, railing.spec.predefinedType ?? "NOTDEFINED", ownerHistoryId, localPlacementId, productDefinitionShapeId);
 		idMap.set(railing.localId, railingExpressId);
 		placementMap.set(railing.localId, localPlacementId);
 		writeRailingCommonPset(w, ownerHistoryId, railingExpressId, railing.spec);
 		writeManufacturerPset(w, ownerHistoryId, railingExpressId, railing.spec);
 		if (railing.spec.customProperties !== void 0) writeCustomPsets(w, ownerHistoryId, railingExpressId, railing.spec.customProperties);
-		applySurfaceStyle(w, model, railing.localId, bodyItemId);
+		if (bodyItemId !== null) applySurfaceStyle(w, model, railing.localId, bodyItemId);
 	}
 	for (const [i, covering] of coverings.entries()) {
 		const containingId = findContainerOf(covering.localId, relationships);
@@ -12186,120 +12732,6 @@ var SpfReader = class SpfReader {
 	}
 };
 //#endregion
-//#region src/import/placement.ts
-/**
-* Metres-per-file-unit length scale read from the IfcUnitAssignment's
-* LENGTHUNIT. Multiply a file-unit length by this to get metres, then by 1000
-* for brepjs millimetres. Returns 1.0 (assume metres) when no length unit is
-* declared.
-*/
-function readLengthScale(reader) {
-	const assignments = reader.getLinesOfType(WebIFC.IFCUNITASSIGNMENT);
-	for (const assignmentId of assignments) {
-		const units = asRefArray$1(reader.getLine(assignmentId)?.["Units"]);
-		for (const unitId of units) {
-			const scale = lengthScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId);
-			if (scale !== null) return scale;
-		}
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-/**
-* Radians-per-file-unit plane-angle scale read from the IfcUnitAssignment's
-* PLANEANGLEUNIT (1 for RADIAN, ~0.0174533 for DEGREE). Defaults to 1 (the IFC
-* default plane-angle unit is the radian).
-*/
-function readPlaneAngleScale(reader) {
-	for (const assignmentId of reader.getLinesOfType(WebIFC.IFCUNITASSIGNMENT)) {
-		const units = asRefArray$1(reader.getLine(assignmentId)?.["Units"]);
-		for (const unitId of units) {
-			const s = planeAngleScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId);
-			if (s !== null) return s;
-		}
-	}
-	return 1;
-}
-function planeAngleScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId) {
-	const unit = reader.getLine(unitId);
-	if (unit === null) return null;
-	const type = reader.getLineType(unitId);
-	if (type === WebIFC.IFCSIUNIT) {
-		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "PLANEANGLEUNIT") return null;
-		if (enumValue(unit["Name"]) !== "RADIAN") return null;
-		return 1;
-	}
-	if (type === WebIFC.IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT) {
-		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "PLANEANGLEUNIT") return null;
-		const measureId = refValue$2(unit["ConversionFactor"]);
-		if (measureId === null) return null;
-		const factor = numericValue(reader.getLine(measureId)?.["ValueComponent"]);
-		if (factor === null) return null;
-		return factor;
-	}
-	return null;
-}
-function lengthScaleFromUnit(reader, unitId) {
-	const unit = reader.getLine(unitId);
-	if (unit === null) return null;
-	const type = reader.getLineType(unitId);
-	if (type === WebIFC.IFCSIUNIT) {
-		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "LENGTHUNIT") return null;
-		if (enumValue(unit["Name"]) !== "METRE") return null;
-		return siPrefixFactor(enumValue(unit["Prefix"]));
-	}
-	if (type === WebIFC.IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT) {
-		if (enumValue(unit["UnitType"]) !== "LENGTHUNIT") return null;
-		const measureId = refValue$2(unit["ConversionFactor"]);
-		if (measureId === null) return null;
-		const measure = reader.getLine(measureId);
-		const factor = numericValue(measure?.["ValueComponent"]);
-		if (factor === null) return null;
-		const baseId = refValue$2(measure?.["UnitComponent"]);
-		return factor * (baseId !== null ? lengthScaleFromUnit(reader, baseId) ?? 1 : 1);
-	}
-	return null;
-}
-function siPrefixFactor(prefix) {
-	switch (prefix) {
-		case null: return 1;
-		case "KILO": return 1e3;
-		case "HECTO": return 100;
-		case "DECA": return 10;
-		case "DECI": return .1;
-		case "CENTI": return .01;
-		case "MILLI": return .001;
-		case "MICRO": return 1e-6;
-		default: return 1;
-	}
-}
-function refValue$2(v) {
-	if (v === null || v === void 0) return null;
-	if (typeof v === "number") return v;
-	const value = v.value;
-	return typeof value === "number" ? value : null;
-}
-function asRefArray$1(v) {
-	if (!Array.isArray(v)) return [];
-	const out = [];
-	for (const item of v) {
-		const id = refValue$2(item);
-		if (id !== null) out.push(id);
-	}
-	return out;
-}
-function numericValue(v) {
-	if (typeof v === "number") return v;
-	if (v === null || v === void 0) return null;
-	const value = v.value;
-	return typeof value === "number" ? value : null;
-}
-function enumValue(v) {
-	if (typeof v === "string") return v;
-	if (v === null || v === void 0) return null;
-	const value = v.value;
-	return typeof value === "string" ? value : null;
-}
-//#endregion
 //#region src/import/spatialTree.ts
 var CATEGORY_BY_TYPE = new Map([
 	[WebIFC.IFCPROJECT, "PROJECT"],
@@ -13925,6 +14357,7 @@ var RoofSpecSchema = object({
 	fireRating: string().optional(),
 	thermalTransmittance: number().positive().optional(),
 	status: string().optional(),
+	pitch: number().positive().max(89).optional(),
 	materialLayers: array(MaterialLayerSchema).optional(),
 	layerSetName: string().optional(),
 	classification: ClassificationRefSchema.optional(),
@@ -14256,6 +14689,7 @@ var RailingSpecSchema = object({
 		"HANDRAIL",
 		"NOTDEFINED"
 	]).optional(),
+	infill: _enum(["PANEL", "POSTED"]).optional(),
 	materialName: string().min(1),
 	isExternal: boolean().optional(),
 	fireRating: string().optional(),
@@ -15522,24 +15956,24 @@ var XML_DECLARATION = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>";
 function xmlDocument(rootXml) {
 	return `${XML_DECLARATION}\n${rootXml}\n`;
 }
-function parseAttrs(raw) {
-	const attrs = {};
-	const attrRe = /([\w:.-]+)\s*=\s*"([^"]*)"/g;
-	let m;
-	while ((m = attrRe.exec(raw)) !== null) {
-		const key = m[1];
-		const val = m[2];
-		if (key !== void 0 && val !== void 0) attrs[key] = unescapeXml(val);
-	}
-	return attrs;
+function isNameChar(c) {
+	return /[\w:.-]/.test(c);
+}
+function isWhitespace(c) {
+	return /\s/.test(c);
 }
 /**
-* Parse an XML string into a tree. Tolerant of the XML declaration, comments,
-* whitespace, self-closing tags, and CDATA-free text. Throws on malformed
-* structure (unbalanced tags); callers wrap this in a `Result`.
+* Parse an XML string into a tree. Tolerant of the XML declaration, processing
+* instructions, comments, whitespace, self-closing tags, and CDATA-free text.
+* Throws on malformed or unbalanced structure; callers wrap this in a `Result`.
+*
+* This is a hand-written cursor scan rather than a single tokenizing regex: the
+* input is an untrusted `.bcfzip` payload, and a backtracking regex over
+* uncontrolled data is a polynomial-ReDoS vector. Every construct here is
+* consumed by an `indexOf` or a single-character advance, so the parse is linear
+* in the input length. The sibling `ids/idsXml.ts` parser scans the same way.
 */
 function parseXml(xml) {
-	const tokenRe = /<!--[\s\S]*?-->|<\?[\s\S]*?\?>|<\/([\w:.-]+)\s*>|<([\w:.-]+)((?:\s+[\w:.-]+\s*=\s*"[^"]*")*)\s*(\/?)>|([^<]+)/g;
 	const root = {
 		tag: "#root",
 		attrs: {},
@@ -15547,36 +15981,84 @@ function parseXml(xml) {
 		text: ""
 	};
 	const stack = [root];
-	let m;
-	while ((m = tokenRe.exec(xml)) !== null) {
-		const [full, closeTag, openTag, attrsRaw, selfClose, textRun] = m;
-		if (full.startsWith("<!--") || full.startsWith("<?")) continue;
-		if (closeTag !== void 0) {
-			const top = stack[stack.length - 1];
-			if (top === void 0 || top.tag !== closeTag) throw new Error(`Unbalanced XML: unexpected </${closeTag}>`);
-			stack.pop();
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (openTag !== void 0) {
-			const node = {
-				tag: openTag,
-				attrs: parseAttrs(attrsRaw ?? ""),
-				children: [],
-				text: ""
-			};
-			const parent = stack[stack.length - 1];
-			if (parent === void 0) throw new Error("Unbalanced XML: empty stack");
-			parent.children.push(node);
-			if (selfClose !== "/") stack.push(node);
-			continue;
+	const len = xml.length;
+	let i = 0;
+	const fail = (msg) => {
+		throw new Error(`Malformed XML: ${msg} at offset ${String(i)}`);
+	};
+	const skipWhitespace = () => {
+		while (i < len && isWhitespace(xml.charAt(i))) i += 1;
+	};
+	const readName = () => {
+		const start = i;
+		while (i < len && isNameChar(xml.charAt(i))) i += 1;
+		return xml.slice(start, i);
+	};
+	const readAttrs = () => {
+		const attrs = {};
+		for (;;) {
+			skipWhitespace();
+			const c = xml.charAt(i);
+			if (i >= len || c === ">" || c === "/") return attrs;
+			const name = readName();
+			if (name.length === 0) fail("expected attribute name");
+			skipWhitespace();
+			if (xml.charAt(i) !== "=") fail(`expected '=' after attribute "${name}"`);
+			i += 1;
+			skipWhitespace();
+			if (xml.charAt(i) !== "\"") fail(`expected '"' opening attribute "${name}"`);
+			i += 1;
+			const end = xml.indexOf("\"", i);
+			if (end === -1) fail(`unterminated value for attribute "${name}"`);
+			attrs[name] = unescapeXml(xml.slice(i, end));
+			i = end + 1;
 		}
-		if (textRun !== void 0) {
-			const decoded = unescapeXml(textRun);
-			if (decoded.trim().length > 0) {
-				const top = stack[stack.length - 1];
-				if (top !== void 0) top.text += decoded;
-			}
+	};
+	while (i < len) if (xml.startsWith("<!--", i)) {
+		const end = xml.indexOf("-->", i + 4);
+		if (end === -1) fail("unterminated comment");
+		i = end + 3;
+	} else if (xml.startsWith("<?", i)) {
+		const end = xml.indexOf("?>", i + 2);
+		if (end === -1) fail("unterminated processing instruction");
+		i = end + 2;
+	} else if (xml.startsWith("</", i)) {
+		i += 2;
+		const name = readName();
+		skipWhitespace();
+		if (xml.charAt(i) !== ">") fail(`expected '>' closing </${name}>`);
+		i += 1;
+		const top = stack[stack.length - 1];
+		if (top === void 0 || top.tag !== name) throw new Error(`Unbalanced XML: unexpected </${name}>`);
+		stack.pop();
+	} else if (xml.charAt(i) === "<") {
+		i += 1;
+		const tag = readName();
+		if (tag.length === 0) fail("expected element name");
+		const node = {
+			tag,
+			attrs: readAttrs(),
+			children: [],
+			text: ""
+		};
+		const parent = stack[stack.length - 1];
+		if (parent === void 0) throw new Error("Unbalanced XML: empty stack");
+		parent.children.push(node);
+		skipWhitespace();
+		if (xml.startsWith("/>", i)) i += 2;
+		else if (xml.charAt(i) === ">") {
+			i += 1;
+			stack.push(node);
+		} else fail(`expected '>' in <${tag}>`);
+	} else {
+		const next = xml.indexOf("<", i);
+		const end = next === -1 ? len : next;
+		const decoded = unescapeXml(xml.slice(i, end));
+		if (decoded.trim().length > 0) {
+			const top = stack[stack.length - 1];
+			if (top !== void 0) top.text += decoded;
 		}
+		i = end;
 	}
 	if (stack.length !== 1) throw new Error("Unbalanced XML: unclosed elements remain");
 	const top = root.children[0];
@@ -15908,4 +16390,4 @@ function assignNum(target, key, value) {
 	if (value !== void 0) target[key] = Number(value);
 }
 //#endregion
-export { BimModel, DEFAULT_IFC_SCHEMA, DEFAULT_UNITS, IFC_SCHEMAS, PSET_PROPERTY_TYPE_TABLE, PSET_TEMPLATES, SpfReader, bcfError, checkGeometryValidity, checkModelAgainstIds as checkIds, checkModelAgainstIds, checkReferentialIntegrity, checkRoundTrip, checkSchema, countBySeverity, deriveCobieModel, deriveCobieModel as exportCobie, deriveIfcGuid, deriveIfcGuidSync, disposeImportedModel, emptyReport, extendedProfileArea, extendedProfileToFace, fileSchemaString, fromBrepError, fromIfc, geometryError, hasErrors, idsError, ifcError, importError, isExtendedProfile, isIfcSchema, isSlabOpening, isValidIfcGuid, isWallOpening, issue, makeLocalIdCounter, measureTypeFor, newIfcGuid, parseBcfFiles, parseBeamSpec, parseColumnSpec, parseCoveringSpec, parseCurtainWallSpec, parseDoorSpec, parseElementAssemblySpec, parseFootingSpec, parseIdsXml, parsePileSpec, parseProfile, parseRailingSpec, parseRampFlightSpec, parseRampSpec, parseRoofSpec, parseSlabOpeningInput, parseSlabSpec, parseSpaceSpec, parseStairFlightSpec, parseStairSpec, parseSurfaceStyleSpec, parseSystemSpec, parseWallSpec, parseWindowSpec, parseZoneSpec, schemaSupports, serializeBcfFiles, serializeCobieToCsv, serializeCobieToJson, setIfcWasmLocateFile, specError, templateFor, toIfc, toIfcLengthM, toIfcValidated, toLengthMm, writeClassificationRefs, writeElementAssemblyEntity, writeIfcType, writeMaterialLayerSet, writeMaterialProfileSet, writeMaterialSimple, writePresentationLayer, writeRelAggregatesElements, writeRelAssignsToGroup, writeRelConnectsElements, writeRelConnectsPathElements, writeRelNests, writeStyledItem, writeSurfaceStyle, writeSystemEntity, writeZoneEntity };
+export { BimModel, DEFAULT_IFC_SCHEMA, DEFAULT_UNITS, IFC_SCHEMAS, PSET_PROPERTY_TYPE_TABLE, PSET_TEMPLATES, SpfReader, bcfError, checkGeometryValidity, checkModelAgainstIds as checkIds, checkModelAgainstIds, checkReferentialIntegrity, checkRoundTrip, checkSchema, countBySeverity, deriveCobieModel, deriveCobieModel as exportCobie, deriveIfcGuid, deriveIfcGuidSync, disposeImportedModel, emptyReport, extendedProfileArea, extendedProfileToFace, fileSchemaString, fromBrepError, fromIfc, geometryError, hasErrors, idsError, ifcError, importError, isExtendedProfile, isIfcSchema, isSlabOpening, isValidIfcGuid, isWallOpening, issue, makeLocalIdCounter, measureTypeFor, newIfcGuid, parseBcfFiles, parseBeamSpec, parseColumnSpec, parseCoveringSpec, parseCurtainWallSpec, parseDoorSpec, parseElementAssemblySpec, parseFootingSpec, parseIdsXml, parsePileSpec, parseProfile, parseRailingSpec, parseRampFlightSpec, parseRampSpec, parseRoofSpec, parseSlabOpeningInput, parseSlabSpec, parseSpaceSpec, parseStairFlightSpec, parseStairSpec, parseSurfaceStyleSpec, parseSystemSpec, parseWallSpec, parseWindowSpec, parseZoneSpec, placedSolids, schemaSupports, serializeBcfFiles, serializeCobieToCsv, serializeCobieToJson, setIfcWasmLocateFile, specError, templateFor, toIfc, toIfcLengthM, toIfcValidated, toLengthMm, writeClassificationRefs, writeElementAssemblyEntity, writeIfcType, writeMaterialLayerSet, writeMaterialProfileSet, writeMaterialSimple, writePresentationLayer, writeRelAggregatesElements, writeRelAssignsToGroup, writeRelConnectsElements, writeRelConnectsPathElements, writeRelNests, writeStyledItem, writeSurfaceStyle, writeSystemEntity, writeZoneEntity };