bpe-lite 0.1.0

package/README.md

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+# bpe-lite
+
+Offline BPE tokenizer for OpenAI, Anthropic, and Gemini. Zero dependencies, no network calls at runtime. Works in any Node 18+ environment including Docker and edge runtimes.
+
+```js
+const { countTokens } = require('bpe-lite');
+
+countTokens('Hello, world!', 'openai')    // → 4
+countTokens('Hello, world!', 'anthropic') // → 4
+countTokens('Hello, world!', 'gemini')    // → 4
+```
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+npm install bpe-lite
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+```js
+const { countTokens, encode, decode, openai, anthropic, gemini } = require('bpe-lite');
+
+// Count tokens
+countTokens('Your text here', 'openai');    // → number
+
+// Encode / decode
+const ids = encode('Hello', 'openai');      // → [9906]
+decode(ids, 'openai');                      // → 'Hello'
+
+// Tokenizer instances (lazy-loaded, cached per provider)
+const tok = openai();
+tok.encode('Hello');                        // → [9906]
+tok.decode([9906]);                         // → 'Hello'
+tok.count('Hello, world!');                 // → 4
+```
+
+## Providers
+
+| Provider | Vocab | Tokens | Accuracy |
+|----------|-------|--------|----------|
+| `openai` | cl100k_base | 100,256 | Exact — vocab sourced directly from OpenAI's CDN (same source as tiktoken) |
+| `anthropic` | cl100k approximation | 100,256 | ~95% — Claude 3+ tokenizer has not been publicly released |
+| `gemini` | Gemma 3 | 262,144 | Exact — Gemini uses the same tokenizer as Gemma 3 open-weights |
+
+Vocab files are bundled in the package — no network required at runtime or install time.
+
+## Why not tiktoken?
+
+`tiktoken` is accurate for OpenAI but requires Rust/WASM native bindings, which can break in Docker containers, edge runtimes, and serverless environments. `bpe-lite` is pure JavaScript — it runs anywhere Node 18+ runs.
+
+## Caveats
+
+- **Anthropic**: Anthropic has not released the Claude 3+ tokenizer. The cl100k approximation is accurate to ~95% for most text.
+- **Speed**: Pure JS is slower than tiktoken's native implementation. For token *counting* (not bulk processing) the difference is negligible.
+- **Node version**: Requires Node 18+ for Unicode property escapes (`\p{L}`, `\p{N}`) in the pre-tokenization regex.
+
+## License
+
+MIT

package/package.json

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+{
+  "name": "bpe-lite",
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "description": "Offline BPE tokenizer for OpenAI, Anthropic, and Gemini — zero dependencies",
+  "main": "src/index.js",
+  "type": "commonjs",
+  "files": [
+    "src/",
+    "vocabs/"
+  ],
+  "scripts": {
+    "build": "node scripts/build-vocabs.js",
+    "test": "node tests/run-tests.js"
+  },
+  "keywords": ["tokenizer", "bpe", "openai", "anthropic", "gemini", "tokens", "llm"],
+  "license": "MIT"
+}

package/src/bpe.js

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+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * tiktoken-style BPE encoder.
+ * Vocab keys are base64-encoded byte sequences, values are ranks (merge priority).
+ * Lower rank = higher priority in merges.
+ */
+
+// Byte → base64 token lookup (pre-built at module load)
+const BYTE_TOKENS = (() => {
+  const out = new Array(256);
+  for (let i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+    out[i] = Buffer.from([i]).toString('base64');
+  }
+  return out;
+})();
+
+/**
+ * Encode text using tiktoken-style BPE.
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {Object} vocabData  — { engine, pattern, vocab, specialTokens }
+ * @returns {number[]} token ids
+ */
+function encodeTiktoken(text, vocabData) {
+  if (!text) return [];
+
+  const { vocab, specialTokens = {}, pattern } = vocabData;
+
+  // Build reverse map: rank → id (rank IS the id in tiktoken)
+  // vocab[base64token] = rank = token_id
+
+  // Build special token map (string → id)
+  const specials = Object.entries(specialTokens);
+
+  const ids = [];
+
+  // Split text around special tokens first
+  const pieces = splitOnSpecials(text, specials);
+
+  for (const piece of pieces) {
+    if (piece.isSpecial) {
+      ids.push(piece.id);
+    } else {
+      // Apply regex pre-tokenization then BPE encode each chunk
+      const chunks = pretokenize(piece.text, pattern);
+      for (const chunk of chunks) {
+        const chunkIds = bpeEncode(chunk, vocab);
+        for (const id of chunkIds) ids.push(id);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return ids;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode token ids back to string.
+ * @param {number[]} ids
+ * @param {Object} vocabData
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function decodeTiktoken(ids, vocabData) {
+  if (!ids || ids.length === 0) return '';
+
+  const { vocab, specialTokens = {} } = vocabData;
+
+  // Build id → bytes map
+  const idToBytes = new Map();
+  for (const [b64, rank] of Object.entries(vocab)) {
+    idToBytes.set(rank, Buffer.from(b64, 'base64'));
+  }
+  for (const [str, id] of Object.entries(specialTokens)) {
+    idToBytes.set(id, Buffer.from(str, 'utf8'));
+  }
+
+  const bufs = [];
+  for (const id of ids) {
+    const bytes = idToBytes.get(id);
+    if (bytes) bufs.push(bytes);
+  }
+
+  return Buffer.concat(bufs).toString('utf8');
+}
+
+// ─── Internal helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function splitOnSpecials(text, specials) {
+  if (specials.length === 0) return [{ text, isSpecial: false }];
+
+  // Sort by length descending so longer tokens match first
+  const sorted = specials.slice().sort((a, b) => b[0].length - a[0].length);
+
+  const result = [];
+  let remaining = text;
+
+  while (remaining.length > 0) {
+    let found = false;
+    for (const [str, id] of sorted) {
+      const idx = remaining.indexOf(str);
+      if (idx !== -1) {
+        if (idx > 0) result.push({ text: remaining.slice(0, idx), isSpecial: false });
+        result.push({ isSpecial: true, id });
+        remaining = remaining.slice(idx + str.length);
+        found = true;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+      result.push({ text: remaining, isSpecial: false });
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+function pretokenize(text, patternStr) {
+  if (!patternStr || !text) return text ? [text] : [];
+
+  // Node 18+ supports Unicode property escapes in RegExp natively
+  // We need the 'v' or 'u' flag for \p{L}, \p{N}
+  // The pattern from cl100k_base uses (?i:...) syntax which is not standard JS
+  // We convert it to use the 'i' flag selectively via alternation
+  let regexStr = patternStr
+    .replace(/\(\?i:/g, '(?:')   // (?i:...) → (?:...) and we use 'i' flag on the whole regex
+    .replace(/\\p\{L\}/g, '\\p{L}')
+    .replace(/\\p\{N\}/g, '\\p{N}');
+
+  let re;
+  try {
+    re = new RegExp(regexStr, 'guy');  // g=global, u=unicode, y=... actually just 'gu'
+  } catch {
+    try {
+      re = new RegExp(regexStr, 'gi');
+    } catch {
+      // Fallback: split on whitespace
+      return text.match(/\S+|\s+/g) || [text];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return text.match(re) || [text];
+}
+
+/**
+ * BPE encode a single pre-tokenized chunk.
+ * @param {string} chunk — raw string chunk
+ * @param {Object} vocab — { base64token: rank }
+ * @returns {number[]}
+ */
+function bpeEncode(chunk, vocab) {
+  // Convert chunk to UTF-8 bytes, get initial token ids (one per byte)
+  const bytes = Buffer.from(chunk, 'utf8');
+  if (bytes.length === 0) return [];
+
+  // Start with individual bytes as tokens
+  let tokens = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
+    const b64 = BYTE_TOKENS[bytes[i]];
+    const rank = vocab[b64];
+    if (rank === undefined) {
+      // Unknown byte — use a fallback (should not happen with byte-level vocab)
+      tokens.push({ b64, rank: Infinity });
+    } else {
+      tokens.push({ b64, rank });
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Greedy merge: repeatedly find the adjacent pair with the lowest max rank
+  while (tokens.length >= 2) {
+    let bestRank = Infinity;
+    let bestIdx = -1;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < tokens.length - 1; i++) {
+      const mergedB64 = mergeB64(tokens[i].b64, tokens[i + 1].b64);
+      const rank = vocab[mergedB64];
+      if (rank !== undefined && rank < bestRank) {
+        bestRank = rank;
+        bestIdx = i;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (bestIdx === -1) break;  // No more merges possible
+
+    const mergedB64 = mergeB64(tokens[bestIdx].b64, tokens[bestIdx + 1].b64);
+    tokens.splice(bestIdx, 2, { b64: mergedB64, rank: bestRank });
+  }
+
+  return tokens.map(t => t.rank);
+}
+
+function mergeB64(a, b) {
+  // Decode both, concatenate bytes, re-encode
+  const buf = Buffer.concat([Buffer.from(a, 'base64'), Buffer.from(b, 'base64')]);
+  return buf.toString('base64');
+}
+
+module.exports = { encodeTiktoken, decodeTiktoken };

package/src/index.js

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+'use strict';
+
+const path = require('path');
+const fs = require('fs');
+const { Tokenizer } = require('./tokenizer');
+
+const VOCABS_DIR = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'vocabs');
+
+// Lazy-loaded tokenizer instances (created once per provider per process)
+const _cache = {};
+
+function loadTokenizer(provider) {
+  if (_cache[provider]) return _cache[provider];
+
+  const filePath = path.join(VOCABS_DIR, `${provider}.json`);
+  if (!fs.existsSync(filePath)) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Vocab file not found for provider "${provider}": ${filePath}\n` +
+      'Run "node scripts/build-vocabs.js" to build vocab files.'
+    );
+  }
+
+  const data = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(filePath, 'utf8'));
+  _cache[provider] = new Tokenizer(data);
+  return _cache[provider];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Count tokens in text for a given provider.
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {'openai'|'anthropic'|'gemini'} provider
+ * @returns {number}
+ */
+function countTokens(text, provider = 'openai') {
+  return loadTokenizer(provider).count(text);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encode text to token ids.
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {'openai'|'anthropic'|'gemini'} provider
+ * @returns {number[]}
+ */
+function encode(text, provider = 'openai') {
+  return loadTokenizer(provider).encode(text);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode token ids back to text.
+ * @param {number[]} ids
+ * @param {'openai'|'anthropic'|'gemini'} provider
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function decode(ids, provider = 'openai') {
+  return loadTokenizer(provider).decode(ids);
+}
+
+/** Get a Tokenizer instance for OpenAI (cl100k_base). */
+function openai() { return loadTokenizer('openai'); }
+
+/** Get a Tokenizer instance for Anthropic (cl100k approximation). */
+function anthropic() { return loadTokenizer('anthropic'); }
+
+/** Get a Tokenizer instance for Gemini (Gemma3 vocab). */
+function gemini() { return loadTokenizer('gemini'); }
+
+module.exports = { countTokens, encode, decode, openai, anthropic, gemini };

package/src/spm.js

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+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * SentencePiece BPE encoder for Gemini/Gemma3.
+ * Vocab keys are token strings (▁ for space), values are token ids.
+ * Merges are ordered list of "token_a token_b" strings — applied by rank (index = priority).
+ */
+
+const SPACE_CHAR = '\u2581'; // ▁
+
+/**
+ * Encode text using SentencePiece BPE.
+ * @param {string} text
+ * @param {Object} vocabData — { engine, vocab, merges }
+ * @returns {number[]}
+ */
+function encodeSPM(text, vocabData) {
+  if (!text) return [];
+
+  const { vocab, merges } = vocabData;
+
+  // Build merge rank map: "a b" → rank index (lower = higher priority)
+  const mergeRank = new Map();
+  for (let i = 0; i < merges.length; i++) {
+    mergeRank.set(merges[i], i);
+  }
+
+  // Build reverse vocab: id → string (for decode)
+  // vocab: { tokenString: id }
+
+  // Normalize: replace spaces with ▁, prepend ▁
+  const normalized = SPACE_CHAR + text.replace(/ /g, SPACE_CHAR);
+
+  // Split into individual Unicode characters
+  const chars = [...normalized];
+
+  // Map each character to a token (may be a multi-byte char)
+  let tokens = chars.map(c => {
+    if (vocab[c] !== undefined) {
+      return { str: c, id: vocab[c] };
+    }
+    // Try byte fallback: <0xNN>
+    const codePoint = c.codePointAt(0);
+    const hex = codePoint.toString(16).toUpperCase().padStart(2, '0');
+    const byteKey = `<0x${hex}>`;
+    if (vocab[byteKey] !== undefined) {
+      return { str: byteKey, id: vocab[byteKey] };
+    }
+    // Unknown — use UNK (id 3 in Gemma) or skip
+    return { str: c, id: vocab['<unk>'] ?? 0 };
+  });
+
+  // Greedy BPE merges: find pair with lowest merge rank, merge, repeat
+  while (tokens.length >= 2) {
+    let bestRank = Infinity;
+    let bestIdx = -1;
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < tokens.length - 1; i++) {
+      const key = `${tokens[i].str} ${tokens[i + 1].str}`;
+      const rank = mergeRank.get(key);
+      if (rank !== undefined && rank < bestRank) {
+        bestRank = rank;
+        bestIdx = i;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (bestIdx === -1) break;
+
+    const merged = tokens[bestIdx].str + tokens[bestIdx + 1].str;
+    const mergedId = vocab[merged] ?? vocab['<unk>'] ?? 0;
+    tokens.splice(bestIdx, 2, { str: merged, id: mergedId });
+  }
+
+  return tokens.map(t => t.id);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decode token ids back to string.
+ * @param {number[]} ids
+ * @param {Object} vocabData
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function decodeSPM(ids, vocabData) {
+  if (!ids || ids.length === 0) return '';
+
+  const { vocab } = vocabData;
+
+  // Build id → string map
+  const idToStr = new Map();
+  for (const [str, id] of Object.entries(vocab)) {
+    idToStr.set(id, str);
+  }
+
+  let result = '';
+  for (const id of ids) {
+    const str = idToStr.get(id) ?? '';
+    // Handle byte fallbacks like <0x41> → 'A'
+    const byteMatch = str.match(/^<0x([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})>$/);
+    if (byteMatch) {
+      result += String.fromCharCode(parseInt(byteMatch[1], 16));
+    } else {
+      result += str;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Replace ▁ with space, remove leading space
+  return result.replace(new RegExp(SPACE_CHAR, 'g'), ' ').replace(/^ /, '');
+}
+
+module.exports = { encodeSPM, decodeSPM };

package/src/tokenizer.js

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+'use strict';
+
+const { encodeTiktoken, decodeTiktoken } = require('./bpe');
+const { encodeSPM, decodeSPM } = require('./spm');
+
+class Tokenizer {
+  constructor(vocabData) {
+    this._data = vocabData;
+    this._engine = vocabData.engine;
+
+    if (this._engine !== 'tiktoken' && this._engine !== 'spm') {
+      throw new Error(`Unknown tokenizer engine: ${this._engine}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  encode(text) {
+    if (this._engine === 'tiktoken') return encodeTiktoken(text, this._data);
+    return encodeSPM(text, this._data);
+  }
+
+  decode(ids) {
+    if (this._engine === 'tiktoken') return decodeTiktoken(ids, this._data);
+    return decodeSPM(ids, this._data);
+  }
+
+  count(text) {
+    return this.encode(text).length;
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = { Tokenizer };