bmad-method 5.0.0 → 5.1.0

package/expansion-packs/bmad-2d-phaser-game-dev/data/development-guidelines.md

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+# Game Development Guidelines
+
+## Overview
+
+This document establishes coding standards, architectural patterns, and development practices for 2D game development using Phaser 3 and TypeScript. These guidelines ensure consistency, performance, and maintainability across all game development stories.
+
+## TypeScript Standards
+
+### Strict Mode Configuration
+
+**Required tsconfig.json settings:**
+
+```json
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "strict": true,
+    "noImplicitAny": true,
+    "strictNullChecks": true,
+    "strictFunctionTypes": true,
+    "noImplicitReturns": true,
+    "noUnusedLocals": true,
+    "noUnusedParameters": true,
+    "exactOptionalPropertyTypes": true
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Type Definitions
+
+**Game Object Interfaces:**
+
+```typescript
+// Core game entity interface
+interface GameEntity {
+  readonly id: string;
+  position: Phaser.Math.Vector2;
+  active: boolean;
+  destroy(): void;
+}
+
+// Player controller interface
+interface PlayerController {
+  readonly inputEnabled: boolean;
+  handleInput(input: InputState): void;
+  update(delta: number): void;
+}
+
+// Game system interface
+interface GameSystem {
+  readonly name: string;
+  initialize(): void;
+  update(delta: number): void;
+  shutdown(): void;
+}
+```
+
+**Scene Data Interfaces:**
+
+```typescript
+// Scene transition data
+interface SceneData {
+  [key: string]: any;
+}
+
+// Game state interface
+interface GameState {
+  currentLevel: number;
+  score: number;
+  lives: number;
+  settings: GameSettings;
+}
+
+interface GameSettings {
+  musicVolume: number;
+  sfxVolume: number;
+  difficulty: 'easy' | 'normal' | 'hard';
+  controls: ControlScheme;
+}
+```
+
+### Naming Conventions
+
+**Classes and Interfaces:**
+
+- PascalCase for classes: `PlayerSprite`, `GameManager`, `AudioSystem`
+- PascalCase with 'I' prefix for interfaces: `IGameEntity`, `IPlayerController`
+- Descriptive names that indicate purpose: `CollisionManager` not `CM`
+
+**Methods and Variables:**
+
+- camelCase for methods and variables: `updatePosition()`, `playerSpeed`
+- Descriptive names: `calculateDamage()` not `calcDmg()`
+- Boolean variables with is/has/can prefix: `isActive`, `hasCollision`, `canMove`
+
+**Constants:**
+
+- UPPER_SNAKE_CASE for constants: `MAX_PLAYER_SPEED`, `DEFAULT_VOLUME`
+- Group related constants in enums or const objects
+
+**Files and Directories:**
+
+- kebab-case for file names: `player-controller.ts`, `audio-manager.ts`
+- PascalCase for scene files: `MenuScene.ts`, `GameScene.ts`
+
+## Phaser 3 Architecture Patterns
+
+### Scene Organization
+
+**Scene Lifecycle Management:**
+
+```typescript
+class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
+  private gameManager!: GameManager;
+  private inputManager!: InputManager;
+
+  constructor() {
+    super({ key: 'GameScene' });
+  }
+
+  preload(): void {
+    // Load only scene-specific assets
+    this.load.image('player', 'assets/player.png');
+  }
+
+  create(data: SceneData): void {
+    // Initialize game systems
+    this.gameManager = new GameManager(this);
+    this.inputManager = new InputManager(this);
+
+    // Set up scene-specific logic
+    this.setupGameObjects();
+    this.setupEventListeners();
+  }
+
+  update(time: number, delta: number): void {
+    // Update all game systems
+    this.gameManager.update(delta);
+    this.inputManager.update(delta);
+  }
+
+  shutdown(): void {
+    // Clean up resources
+    this.gameManager.destroy();
+    this.inputManager.destroy();
+
+    // Remove event listeners
+    this.events.off('*');
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**Scene Transitions:**
+
+```typescript
+// Proper scene transitions with data
+this.scene.start('NextScene', {
+  playerScore: this.playerScore,
+  currentLevel: this.currentLevel + 1,
+});
+
+// Scene overlays for UI
+this.scene.launch('PauseMenuScene');
+this.scene.pause();
+```
+
+### Game Object Patterns
+
+**Component-Based Architecture:**
+
+```typescript
+// Base game entity
+abstract class GameEntity extends Phaser.GameObjects.Sprite {
+  protected components: Map<string, GameComponent> = new Map();
+
+  constructor(scene: Phaser.Scene, x: number, y: number, texture: string) {
+    super(scene, x, y, texture);
+    scene.add.existing(this);
+  }
+
+  addComponent<T extends GameComponent>(component: T): T {
+    this.components.set(component.name, component);
+    return component;
+  }
+
+  getComponent<T extends GameComponent>(name: string): T | undefined {
+    return this.components.get(name) as T;
+  }
+
+  update(delta: number): void {
+    this.components.forEach((component) => component.update(delta));
+  }
+
+  destroy(): void {
+    this.components.forEach((component) => component.destroy());
+    this.components.clear();
+    super.destroy();
+  }
+}
+
+// Example player implementation
+class Player extends GameEntity {
+  private movement!: MovementComponent;
+  private health!: HealthComponent;
+
+  constructor(scene: Phaser.Scene, x: number, y: number) {
+    super(scene, x, y, 'player');
+
+    this.movement = this.addComponent(new MovementComponent(this));
+    this.health = this.addComponent(new HealthComponent(this, 100));
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### System Management
+
+**Singleton Managers:**
+
+```typescript
+class GameManager {
+  private static instance: GameManager;
+  private scene: Phaser.Scene;
+  private gameState: GameState;
+
+  constructor(scene: Phaser.Scene) {
+    if (GameManager.instance) {
+      throw new Error('GameManager already exists!');
+    }
+
+    this.scene = scene;
+    this.gameState = this.loadGameState();
+    GameManager.instance = this;
+  }
+
+  static getInstance(): GameManager {
+    if (!GameManager.instance) {
+      throw new Error('GameManager not initialized!');
+    }
+    return GameManager.instance;
+  }
+
+  update(delta: number): void {
+    // Update game logic
+  }
+
+  destroy(): void {
+    GameManager.instance = null!;
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Performance Optimization
+
+### Object Pooling
+
+**Required for High-Frequency Objects:**
+
+```typescript
+class BulletPool {
+  private pool: Bullet[] = [];
+  private scene: Phaser.Scene;
+
+  constructor(scene: Phaser.Scene, initialSize: number = 50) {
+    this.scene = scene;
+
+    // Pre-create bullets
+    for (let i = 0; i < initialSize; i++) {
+      const bullet = new Bullet(scene, 0, 0);
+      bullet.setActive(false);
+      bullet.setVisible(false);
+      this.pool.push(bullet);
+    }
+  }
+
+  getBullet(): Bullet | null {
+    const bullet = this.pool.find((b) => !b.active);
+    if (bullet) {
+      bullet.setActive(true);
+      bullet.setVisible(true);
+      return bullet;
+    }
+
+    // Pool exhausted - create new bullet
+    console.warn('Bullet pool exhausted, creating new bullet');
+    return new Bullet(this.scene, 0, 0);
+  }
+
+  releaseBullet(bullet: Bullet): void {
+    bullet.setActive(false);
+    bullet.setVisible(false);
+    bullet.setPosition(0, 0);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Frame Rate Optimization
+
+**Performance Monitoring:**
+
+```typescript
+class PerformanceMonitor {
+  private frameCount: number = 0;
+  private lastTime: number = 0;
+  private frameRate: number = 60;
+
+  update(time: number): void {
+    this.frameCount++;
+
+    if (time - this.lastTime >= 1000) {
+      this.frameRate = this.frameCount;
+      this.frameCount = 0;
+      this.lastTime = time;
+
+      if (this.frameRate < 55) {
+        console.warn(`Low frame rate detected: ${this.frameRate} FPS`);
+        this.optimizePerformance();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private optimizePerformance(): void {
+    // Reduce particle counts, disable effects, etc.
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**Update Loop Optimization:**
+
+```typescript
+// Avoid expensive operations in update loops
+class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
+  private updateTimer: number = 0;
+  private readonly UPDATE_INTERVAL = 100; // ms
+
+  update(time: number, delta: number): void {
+    // High-frequency updates (every frame)
+    this.updatePlayer(delta);
+    this.updatePhysics(delta);
+
+    // Low-frequency updates (10 times per second)
+    this.updateTimer += delta;
+    if (this.updateTimer >= this.UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
+      this.updateUI();
+      this.updateAI();
+      this.updateTimer = 0;
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Input Handling
+
+### Cross-Platform Input
+
+**Input Abstraction:**
+
+```typescript
+interface InputState {
+  moveLeft: boolean;
+  moveRight: boolean;
+  jump: boolean;
+  action: boolean;
+  pause: boolean;
+}
+
+class InputManager {
+  private inputState: InputState = {
+    moveLeft: false,
+    moveRight: false,
+    jump: false,
+    action: false,
+    pause: false,
+  };
+
+  private keys!: { [key: string]: Phaser.Input.Keyboard.Key };
+  private pointer!: Phaser.Input.Pointer;
+
+  constructor(private scene: Phaser.Scene) {
+    this.setupKeyboard();
+    this.setupTouch();
+  }
+
+  private setupKeyboard(): void {
+    this.keys = this.scene.input.keyboard.addKeys('W,A,S,D,SPACE,ESC,UP,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT');
+  }
+
+  private setupTouch(): void {
+    this.scene.input.on('pointerdown', this.handlePointerDown, this);
+    this.scene.input.on('pointerup', this.handlePointerUp, this);
+  }
+
+  update(): void {
+    // Update input state from multiple sources
+    this.inputState.moveLeft = this.keys.A.isDown || this.keys.LEFT.isDown;
+    this.inputState.moveRight = this.keys.D.isDown || this.keys.RIGHT.isDown;
+    this.inputState.jump = Phaser.Input.Keyboard.JustDown(this.keys.SPACE);
+    // ... handle touch input
+  }
+
+  getInputState(): InputState {
+    return { ...this.inputState };
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Error Handling
+
+### Graceful Degradation
+
+**Asset Loading Error Handling:**
+
+```typescript
+class AssetManager {
+  loadAssets(): Promise<void> {
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      this.scene.load.on('filecomplete', this.handleFileComplete, this);
+      this.scene.load.on('loaderror', this.handleLoadError, this);
+      this.scene.load.on('complete', () => resolve());
+
+      this.scene.load.start();
+    });
+  }
+
+  private handleLoadError(file: Phaser.Loader.File): void {
+    console.error(`Failed to load asset: ${file.key}`);
+
+    // Use fallback assets
+    this.loadFallbackAsset(file.key);
+  }
+
+  private loadFallbackAsset(key: string): void {
+    // Load placeholder or default assets
+    switch (key) {
+      case 'player':
+        this.scene.load.image('player', 'assets/defaults/default-player.png');
+        break;
+      default:
+        console.warn(`No fallback for asset: ${key}`);
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Runtime Error Recovery
+
+**System Error Handling:**
+
+```typescript
+class GameSystem {
+  protected handleError(error: Error, context: string): void {
+    console.error(`Error in ${context}:`, error);
+
+    // Report to analytics/logging service
+    this.reportError(error, context);
+
+    // Attempt recovery
+    this.attemptRecovery(context);
+  }
+
+  private attemptRecovery(context: string): void {
+    switch (context) {
+      case 'update':
+        // Reset system state
+        this.reset();
+        break;
+      case 'render':
+        // Disable visual effects
+        this.disableEffects();
+        break;
+      default:
+        // Generic recovery
+        this.safeShutdown();
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Testing Standards
+
+### Unit Testing
+
+**Game Logic Testing:**
+
+```typescript
+// Example test for game mechanics
+describe('HealthComponent', () => {
+  let healthComponent: HealthComponent;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    const mockEntity = {} as GameEntity;
+    healthComponent = new HealthComponent(mockEntity, 100);
+  });
+
+  test('should initialize with correct health', () => {
+    expect(healthComponent.currentHealth).toBe(100);
+    expect(healthComponent.maxHealth).toBe(100);
+  });
+
+  test('should handle damage correctly', () => {
+    healthComponent.takeDamage(25);
+    expect(healthComponent.currentHealth).toBe(75);
+    expect(healthComponent.isAlive()).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test('should handle death correctly', () => {
+    healthComponent.takeDamage(150);
+    expect(healthComponent.currentHealth).toBe(0);
+    expect(healthComponent.isAlive()).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+```
+
+### Integration Testing
+
+**Scene Testing:**
+
+```typescript
+describe('GameScene Integration', () => {
+  let scene: GameScene;
+  let mockGame: Phaser.Game;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    // Mock Phaser game instance
+    mockGame = createMockGame();
+    scene = new GameScene();
+  });
+
+  test('should initialize all systems', () => {
+    scene.create({});
+
+    expect(scene.gameManager).toBeDefined();
+    expect(scene.inputManager).toBeDefined();
+  });
+});
+```
+
+## File Organization
+
+### Project Structure
+
+```
+src/
+├── scenes/
+│   ├── BootScene.ts          # Initial loading and setup
+│   ├── PreloadScene.ts       # Asset loading with progress
+│   ├── MenuScene.ts          # Main menu and navigation
+│   ├── GameScene.ts          # Core gameplay
+│   └── UIScene.ts            # Overlay UI elements
+├── gameObjects/
+│   ├── entities/
+│   │   ├── Player.ts         # Player game object
+│   │   ├── Enemy.ts          # Enemy base class
+│   │   └── Collectible.ts    # Collectible items
+│   ├── components/
+│   │   ├── MovementComponent.ts
+│   │   ├── HealthComponent.ts
+│   │   └── CollisionComponent.ts
+│   └── ui/
+│       ├── Button.ts         # Interactive buttons
+│       ├── HealthBar.ts      # Health display
+│       └── ScoreDisplay.ts   # Score UI
+├── systems/
+│   ├── GameManager.ts        # Core game state management
+│   ├── InputManager.ts       # Cross-platform input handling
+│   ├── AudioManager.ts       # Sound and music system
+│   ├── SaveManager.ts        # Save/load functionality
+│   └── PerformanceMonitor.ts # Performance tracking
+├── utils/
+│   ├── ObjectPool.ts         # Generic object pooling
+│   ├── MathUtils.ts          # Game math helpers
+│   ├── AssetLoader.ts        # Asset management utilities
+│   └── EventBus.ts           # Global event system
+├── types/
+│   ├── GameTypes.ts          # Core game type definitions
+│   ├── UITypes.ts            # UI-related types
+│   └── SystemTypes.ts        # System interface definitions
+├── config/
+│   ├── GameConfig.ts         # Phaser game configuration
+│   ├── GameBalance.ts        # Game balance parameters
+│   └── AssetConfig.ts        # Asset loading configuration
+└── main.ts                   # Application entry point
+```
+
+## Development Workflow
+
+### Story Implementation Process
+
+1. **Read Story Requirements:**
+   - Understand acceptance criteria
+   - Identify technical requirements
+   - Review performance constraints
+
+2. **Plan Implementation:**
+   - Identify files to create/modify
+   - Consider component architecture
+   - Plan testing approach
+
+3. **Implement Feature:**
+   - Follow TypeScript strict mode
+   - Use established patterns
+   - Maintain 60 FPS performance
+
+4. **Test Implementation:**
+   - Write unit tests for game logic
+   - Test cross-platform functionality
+   - Validate performance targets
+
+5. **Update Documentation:**
+   - Mark story checkboxes complete
+   - Document any deviations
+   - Update architecture if needed
+
+### Code Review Checklist
+
+**Before Committing:**
+
+- [ ] TypeScript compiles without errors
+- [ ] All tests pass
+- [ ] Performance targets met (60 FPS)
+- [ ] No console errors or warnings
+- [ ] Cross-platform compatibility verified
+- [ ] Memory usage within bounds
+- [ ] Code follows naming conventions
+- [ ] Error handling implemented
+- [ ] Documentation updated
+
+## Performance Targets
+
+### Frame Rate Requirements
+
+- **Desktop**: Maintain 60 FPS at 1080p
+- **Mobile**: Maintain 60 FPS on mid-range devices, minimum 30 FPS on low-end
+- **Optimization**: Implement dynamic quality scaling when performance drops
+
+### Memory Management
+
+- **Total Memory**: Under 100MB for full game
+- **Per Scene**: Under 50MB per gameplay scene
+- **Asset Loading**: Progressive loading to stay under limits
+- **Garbage Collection**: Minimize object creation in update loops
+
+### Loading Performance
+
+- **Initial Load**: Under 5 seconds for game start
+- **Scene Transitions**: Under 2 seconds between scenes
+- **Asset Streaming**: Background loading for upcoming content
+
+These guidelines ensure consistent, high-quality game development that meets performance targets and maintains code quality across all implementation stories.