bambu-printer-mcp 1.1.33 → 1.1.35

package/src/index.ts

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import {
   type BambuSliceOptions,
   type SlicerType,
 } from "./stl/stl-manipulator.js";
-import { BambuNetworkBridge, type BambuNetworkBridgeOptions } from "./bambu-network-bridge.js";
+import { BambuNetworkBridge, describeBambuNetworkPrintError, type BambuNetworkBridgeOptions, type BridgeJobUpdate } from "./bambu-network-bridge.js";
 import {
   assertBambuNativeAvailable,
   bambuNativeControlsAvailable,
@@ -1642,12 +1642,17 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
       this.bambu.assertBedClearance(confirmedStatus, bedClearance);
       const amsMapping = stringifyBridgeJson(mapping?.map(value => bridgeAmsMappingValue(value, isDualNozzleModel(printModel))));
       const remoteFileName = uniquePrintName(threeMFPath);
+      const checkedName = remoteFileName.replace(/(?:\.gcode)?\.3mf$/i, "");
       const params: Record<string, unknown> = {
         dev_id: devId,
         // Firmware can report the task name instead of the uploaded filename.
         // Bind either report to this inspected artifact for a later safe resume.
-        task_name: remoteFileName.replace(/(?:\.gcode)?\.3mf$/i, ""),
-        project_name: projectName,
+        task_name: checkedName,
+        // The plug-in names the uploaded file and the printer's job from
+        // project_name, so it carries the same unique checked name, as the
+        // native route already passes; a reused name would overwrite a stored
+        // job and break the resume binding.
+        project_name: checkedName,
         preset_name: presetName,
         filename: snapshot,
         config_filename: snapshot,
@@ -1723,22 +1728,31 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
         this.bambu.recordCheckedJob(devIp, devId, remoteFileName, requirements);
         return { ...nativeResult, autoSliced, projectName, plateIndex, useAMS, amsMapping: mapping };
       }
-      const bridgeResult = await this.bambuNetwork.callWithAgent(
-        bridgeMethod,
-        { client_job_id: clientJobId, params },
-        {
-          ...this.bridgeOptionsFromArgs(args, "print_3mf_bambu_network"),
-          beforeDispatch: async method => {
-            if (method !== bridgeMethod) return;
-            assertActive();
-            const dispatchStatus = await this.bambu.getSafetyStatus(devIp, devId, password || bambuToken);
-            validatePrinterState(dispatchStatus, requirements);
-            this.bambu.assertBedClearance(dispatchStatus, bedClearance);
-          },
-          assertDispatchAllowed: method => { if (method === bridgeMethod) assertActive(); },
-          onDispatched: method => { if (method === bridgeMethod) retainForDispatchedUpload(); },
-        }
-      );
+      const bridgeOptions: BambuNetworkBridgeOptions = {
+        ...this.bridgeOptionsFromArgs(args, "print_3mf_bambu_network"),
+        beforeDispatch: async method => {
+          if (method !== bridgeMethod) return;
+          assertActive();
+          const dispatchStatus = await this.bambu.getSafetyStatus(devIp, devId, password || bambuToken);
+          validatePrinterState(dispatchStatus, requirements);
+          this.bambu.assertBedClearance(dispatchStatus, bedClearance);
+        },
+        assertDispatchAllowed: method => { if (method === bridgeMethod) assertActive(); },
+        onDispatched: method => { if (method === bridgeMethod) retainForDispatchedUpload(); },
+      };
+      let jobUpdates: BridgeJobUpdate[] = [];
+      let bridgeResult: unknown;
+      if (isLocalBridgePrint) {
+        ({ result: bridgeResult, jobUpdates } = await this.bambuNetwork.startLocalPrint(
+          { devId, devIp, username: String(params.username), password, useSsl: params.use_ssl_for_mqtt as boolean },
+          bridgeMethod,
+          { client_job_id: clientJobId, params },
+          bridgeOptions,
+          assertActive
+        ));
+      } else {
+        bridgeResult = await this.bambuNetwork.callWithAgent(bridgeMethod, { client_job_id: clientJobId, params }, bridgeOptions);
+      }
 
       if (typeof bridgeResult === "object" && bridgeResult !== null && (bridgeResult as { ok?: unknown }).ok === false) {
         throw new Error(`FULU BambuNetwork bridge method ${bridgeMethod} failed: ${String((bridgeResult as { error?: unknown }).error || "unknown bridge error")}`);
@@ -1750,7 +1764,10 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
         (bridgeResult as { value: number }).value !== 0
       ) {
         const value = (bridgeResult as { value: number }).value;
-        throw new Error(`FULU BambuNetwork bridge method ${bridgeMethod} returned non-zero result ${value}.`);
+        const reported = jobUpdates.filter(update => update.code !== 0 || update.msg).slice(-3)
+          .map(update => `status ${update.status}, code ${update.code}${update.msg ? `: ${update.msg}` : ""}`).join("; ");
+        throw new Error(`FULU BambuNetwork bridge method ${bridgeMethod} returned non-zero result ${value}${describeBambuNetworkPrintError(value)}.` +
+          (reported ? ` Plug-in reported: ${reported}.` : ""));
       }
 
       assertActive();
@@ -1766,6 +1783,7 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
         projectName,
         plateIndex,
         bridgePlateIndex: plateIndex + 1,
+        printerJobName: checkedName,
         useAMS,
         amsMapping: mapping,
         params: redactPrintParams(params),
@@ -2500,11 +2518,11 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
                 },
                 use_printer_filaments: { type: "boolean", description: "When true, and no explicit slicer profile or load_filaments override is provided, use the printer's current or first loaded AMS filament as the slicer filament profile. Template 3MF process settings can still be used at the same time." },
                 uptodate: { type: "boolean", description: "Refresh 3MF preset configs to match the latest BambuStudio version. Use when slicing downloaded or older 3MF files to prevent stale-config failures." },
-                repetitions: { type: "number", description: "Print N identical copies of the model. Each copy gets its own plate placement. Example: 3 prints three copies." },
+                repetitions: { type: "number", description: "Print N identical copies of the model. Each copy gets its own plate placement. Example: 3 prints three copies. OrcaSlicer copies an STL with --clone-objects; do not combine with clone_objects." },
                 orient: { type: "boolean", description: "Auto-orient the model for optimal printability (minimize supports, maximize bed adhesion). Recommended for raw STL imports that lack a pre-set orientation." },
-                arrange: { type: "boolean", description: "Auto-arrange all objects on the build plate with optimal spacing. Recommended when importing STLs or adding multiple objects. Set false to preserve existing plate layout." },
+                arrange: { type: "boolean", description: "Auto-arrange all objects on the build plate with optimal spacing; STL input is arranged by default. Set false only to keep a 3MF's existing layout: an STL that is not already on the plate then fails to slice." },
                 ensure_on_bed: { type: "boolean", description: "Detect models floating above the bed and lower them onto the build surface. Safety net for imported models with incorrect Z origins." },
-                clone_objects: { type: "string", description: "Duplicate specific objects on the plate. Comma-separated clone counts per object index, e.g. '1,3,1,10' clones object 0 once, object 1 three times, etc." },
+                clone_objects: { type: "string", description: "Clone the loaded model: total copies as a single integer, e.g. '3'. The Bambu-style CLIs count copies per input file and this tool loads one file, so a comma-separated list is rejected by the slicer." },
                 skip_objects: { type: "string", description: "Skip specific objects during slicing by index. Comma-separated, e.g. '3,5,10'. Useful for multi-object 3MFs where you only want to print some parts." },
                 load_filaments: { type: "string", description: "Override filament profiles. Semicolon-separated paths to filament JSON configs, e.g. 'pla_basic.json;petg_cf.json'." },
                 filament_profile: { type: "string", description: "Compatibility alias for load_filaments. Semicolon-separated Orca/Bambu filament profile JSON paths." },
@@ -2606,7 +2624,7 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
                 nozzle_type: { type: "string", enum: [...VALID_NOZZLE_TYPES], description: "Installed nozzle material, used when the 3MF must be auto-sliced (default: BAMBU_NOZZLE_TYPE, else the preset's stock nozzle)." },
                 nozzle_volume_type: { type: "string", enum: [...VALID_NOZZLE_VOLUME_TYPES], description: "Installed nozzle flow type, used when the 3MF must be auto-sliced (default: BAMBU_NOZZLE_VOLUME_TYPE, else standard)." },
                 plate_index: { type: "number", description: "Zero-based plate index to print from the sliced 3MF; converted to FULU's one-based PrintParams plate_index." },
-                project_name: { type: "string", description: "Optional project name sent in FULU PrintParams; defaults to the 3MF filename without extension." },
+                project_name: { type: "string", description: "Optional project name returned in the result; defaults to the 3MF filename without extension. The printer job and stored file use the server's unique checked name so resume_print can bind to the inspected file." },
                 preset_name: { type: "string", description: "Optional preset name sent in FULU PrintParams; defaults to project plus one-based plate index." },
                 task_name: { type: "string", description: "Optional project label when project_name is omitted. The submitted task name uses a unique inspected-job identity for safe resume." },
                 config_filename: { type: "string", description: "Optional config 3MF path for cloud print; defaults to the same 3MF path." },
@@ -2650,7 +2668,7 @@ class BambuPrinterMCPServer {
               type: "object",
               properties: {
                 save_path: { type: "string", description: "Optional absolute path to write the JPEG to disk. If omitted, only the base64 payload is returned." },
-                timeout_ms: { type: "number", description: "Max ms to wait for a full frame (default 8000). Camera may take a few seconds on cold start." },
+                timeout_ms: { type: "number", description: "Max ms to wait for a live frame (default 8000). A1/P1 cameras first replay a buffered frame, which is skipped, so a live frame takes about 3 s, longer on cold start." },
                 bambu_model: { type: "string", description: "Printer model. Used to route to the correct protocol or fail fast on unsupported models. Defaults to BAMBU_MODEL." },
                 experimental: { type: "boolean", description: "Deprecated and ignored. Earlier this flag let callers probe H2 series via the A1/P1 TCP-on-6000 path; live testing on an H2S confirmed H2 uses RTSP instead, so the flag has no effect now." },
                 ffmpeg_path: { type: "string", description: "Override path to the ffmpeg binary used by the RTSP path. Defaults to FFMPEG_PATH or ffmpeg via $PATH. Per-call overrides require MCP_ALLOW_EXECUTABLE_ARG=1. Required only for the RTSP transport (X1, P2S, H2 series, X2D)." },

package/src/printers/bambu.ts

@@ -9,10 +9,9 @@ import { readSafe3mfArchive } from "../safety/archive.js";
 import { inspectPrintFile, type PrintFileInspection } from "../safety/print-file.js";
 import { isDualNozzleModel, normalizeModel, validateTemperature } from "../safety/limits.js";
 import { bridgeAmsMapping2Entry, bridgeAmsMappingValue, externalTrayForNozzle, describeAmsTrayRange } from "../ams-mapping.js";
-import { describeHmsKey, hiddenHmsKeys, hiddenHmsNotices, reportedHmsKey, validatePrinterState, manualHeatingRequirements, type PrinterStateRequirements } from "../safety/printer-state.js";
+import { describeHmsKey, hiddenHmsKeys, hiddenHmsNotices, reportedHmsKey, unchippedNozzles, validatePrinterState, manualHeatingRequirements, type PrinterStateRequirements } from "../safety/printer-state.js";
 import { withPrinterOperation, withPrintSnapshot, uniquePrintName, normalizedRemotePath, cancelPendingPrinterOperations } from "../safety/artifact.js";
 import { Client as FTPClient } from "basic-ftp";
-import { BambuPrinter } from "bambu-js";
 import * as mqtt from "mqtt";
 import {
   BambuClient,
@@ -348,6 +347,7 @@ class BambuClientStore {
     timeoutMs = 4000
   ): Promise<Record<string, any> | null> {
     const key = getPrinterKey(host, serial, token);
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs + 500;
     const existing = this.reportSnapshots.get(key);
 
     if (!existing || Object.keys(existing).length === 0) {
@@ -370,8 +370,11 @@ class BambuClientStore {
     // (gcode_state, ams, hms, temperatures, fans, etc.) arrives afterward
     // and gets merged into reportSnapshots via incremental update.
     // This settle runs regardless of whether data arrived before or during
-    // the promise race above, so the merge has time to complete.
+    // the promise race above, so the merge has time to complete. A busy host
+    // can take longer, which returned the sparse report as status UNKNOWN,
+    // so keep waiting for the full status within the same bound.
     await sleep(500);
+    while (typeof this.reportSnapshots.get(key)?.gcode_state !== "string" && Date.now() < deadline) await sleep(50);
     return this.reportSnapshots.get(key) || null;
   }
 
@@ -471,6 +474,36 @@ class BambuClientStore {
 /** What the human confirmed in confirmPrintPreflight, checked again before dispatch. */
 export type PrintPreflight = { finishedJob?: string; serial: string; model: string; notices: string[] };
 
+/**
+ * Split the A1/P1 camera stream on port 6000 into JPEG frames. Each frame is
+ * a 16-byte header (payload size LE, itrack, flags, reserved) and the JPEG.
+ */
+export function cameraFrameParser(onFrame: (jpeg: Buffer) => void, onError: (error: Error) => void): (chunk: Buffer) => void {
+  let buffered = Buffer.alloc(0);
+  let failed = false;
+  return chunk => {
+    if (failed) return;
+    buffered = Buffer.concat([buffered, chunk]);
+    while (buffered.length >= 16) {
+      const payloadSize = buffered.readUInt32LE(0);
+      if (payloadSize <= 0 || payloadSize > 5_000_000) {
+        failed = true;
+        onError(new Error(`camera_snapshot: unreasonable payload size ${payloadSize} from header; auth likely failed.`));
+        return;
+      }
+      if (buffered.length < 16 + payloadSize) return;
+      const jpeg = buffered.subarray(16, 16 + payloadSize);
+      buffered = buffered.subarray(16 + payloadSize);
+      if (jpeg[0] !== 0xff || jpeg[1] !== 0xd8) {
+        failed = true;
+        onError(new Error(`camera_snapshot: payload does not start with JPEG SOI (FF D8); got ${jpeg[0].toString(16)} ${jpeg[1].toString(16)}.`));
+        return;
+      }
+      onFrame(Buffer.from(jpeg));
+    }
+  };
+}
+
 export class BambuImplementation {
   private printerStore: BambuClientStore;
   private checkedJobs = new Map<string, { remotePath: string; requirements: PrinterStateRequirements }>();
@@ -482,8 +515,14 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
 
   async confirmHardwareAction(message: string, physicalCheck = false): Promise<void> {
     if (!physicalCheck && process.env.BAMBU_REQUIRE_CONFIRMATION === "0") return;
-    if (!this.confirm || !(await this.confirm(message))) {
-      throw new Error("Hardware safety confirmation was declined or unavailable. Use an MCP client with elicitation support. No command was sent.");
+    if (!this.confirm) {
+      throw new Error("Hardware safety confirmation is unavailable. Use an MCP client with elicitation support. No command was sent.");
+    }
+    if (!(await this.confirm(message))) {
+      throw new Error("Hardware safety confirmation was declined or cancelled in the MCP client. No command was sent. " + (physicalCheck
+        ? "This confirmation covers a physical check at the printer and always needs a person to accept it."
+        : "Some clients decline prompts automatically, for example in a non-interactive permission mode. " +
+          "A deliberately headless setup that approves jobs another way can set BAMBU_REQUIRE_CONFIRMATION=0 to skip ordinary print and heating prompts."));
     }
   }
 
@@ -500,6 +539,7 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
     const finishedJob = this.finishedJobIdentity(status);
     const cleared = this.clearedErrors.get(serial);
     const notices = hiddenHmsNotices(status?.raw, serial, inspection.model);
+    const unchipped = unchippedNozzles(status?.raw);
     await this.confirmHardwareAction(
       `Start a checked print on ${inspection.model.toUpperCase()} (${serial})? Nozzles: ${inspection.nozzleDiameters.join(", ")} mm. ` +
       `Materials: ${inspection.materials.join(", ")}. Peak targets: nozzle ${inspection.maxNozzleTemperature}°C, bed ${inspection.maxBedTemperature}°C, chamber ${inspection.maxChamberTemperature}°C. ` +
@@ -507,7 +547,9 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
       (finishedJob !== undefined ? " The printer reports FINISH: remove the previous part and debris before confirming." : "") +
       (cleared ? ` Previously cleared hardware codes: ${cleared.map(describeHmsKey).join(", ")}. Confirm their physical causes have been resolved.` : "") +
       (notices.length ? ` The printer also reports ${notices.join(", ")}, which Bambu lists for this model without text and never shows as a fault; ` +
-        `${notices.length === 1 ? "it does" : "they do"} not block printing.` : ""),
+        `${notices.length === 1 ? "it does" : "they do"} not block printing.` : "") +
+      (unchipped.length ? ` Printer ${unchipped.length === 1 ? `nozzle ${unchipped[0]} reports` : `nozzles ${unchipped.join(" and ")} report`} no identity chip, ` +
+        `so ${unchipped.length === 1 ? "its" : "their"} diameter and type are the printer's configured settings; confirm they match the installed ${unchipped.length === 1 ? "hotend" : "hotends"}.` : ""),
       finishedJob !== undefined || !!cleared
     );
     return { finishedJob, serial, model: inspection.model, notices };
@@ -1410,26 +1452,6 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
     };
   }
 
-  async getFile(host: string, serial: string, token: string, filename: string) {
-    const printer = new BambuPrinter(host, serial, token);
-
-    const normalized = filename.replace(/^\/+/, "");
-    const directory = path.posix.dirname(normalized) === "." ? "cache" : path.posix.dirname(normalized);
-    const baseName = path.posix.basename(normalized);
-
-    let exists = false;
-
-    await printer.manipulateFiles(async (context) => {
-      const entries = await context.readDir(directory);
-      exists = entries.includes(baseName);
-    });
-
-    return {
-      name: `${directory}/${baseName}`,
-      exists,
-    };
-  }
-
   async uploadFile(
     host: string, serial: string, token: string, filePath: string,
     filename: string, print: boolean, bambuModel?: string,
@@ -1828,13 +1850,19 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Open the TLS-on-6000 socket, send the 80-byte auth packet, and read
-   * a single complete JPEG frame. Returns the JPEG bytes.
+   * Open the TLS-on-6000 socket, send the 80-byte auth packet, and return
+   * a live JPEG frame. The printer first replays the last frame it buffered,
+   * which after an idle period can show the chamber as it was long ago (a
+   * finished part still on the bed), so that frame and any byte-identical
+   * repeat of it are discarded and the next frame returned; live frames always
+   * differ by sensor noise. If no live frame arrives in time, this fails rather
+   * than return a possibly stale image.
    */
   private async fetchTcpCameraFrame(
     host: string,
     token: string,
-    timeoutMs: number
+    timeoutMs: number,
+    port = 6000
   ): Promise<Buffer> {
     const tls = await import("node:tls");
 
@@ -1846,11 +1874,9 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
     auth.write(token, 48, Math.min(32, Buffer.byteLength(token, "ascii")), "ascii");
 
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
-      let totalLen = 0;
-      const FRAME_HEADER_BYTES = 16;
-      let payloadSize: number | null = null;
       let settled = false;
+      let frames = 0;
+      let buffered: Buffer | undefined;
 
       const finish = (err: Error | null, jpeg?: Buffer) => {
         if (settled) return;
@@ -1861,16 +1887,25 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
         else if (jpeg) resolve(jpeg);
         else reject(new Error("camera_snapshot: ended without jpeg payload"));
       };
+      const unfinished = (reason: string) => new Error(frames
+        ? `camera_snapshot: ${reason} after only the printer's buffered frame, which may be stale; no live frame arrived. Retry, or raise timeout_ms.`
+        : `camera_snapshot: ${reason} before a full JPEG frame arrived`);
+
+      const timer = setTimeout(() => finish(unfinished(`timed out after ${timeoutMs}ms`)), timeoutMs);
 
-      const timer = setTimeout(
-        () => finish(new Error(`camera_snapshot: timed out after ${timeoutMs}ms`)),
-        timeoutMs
+      const parse = cameraFrameParser(
+        jpeg => {
+          frames++;
+          if (!buffered) buffered = jpeg;
+          else if (!jpeg.equals(buffered)) finish(null, jpeg);
+        },
+        error => finish(error)
       );
 
       const socket = tls.connect(
         {
           host,
-          port: 6000,
+          port,
           rejectUnauthorized: false,
           // The printer uses TLS for confidentiality but presents a self-signed cert.
           // Same trust posture as the FTPS path (basic-ftp with rejectUnauthorized: false).
@@ -1880,49 +1915,9 @@ export class BambuImplementation {
         }
       );
 
-      socket.on("data", (data: Buffer) => {
-        chunks.push(data);
-        totalLen += data.length;
-
-        if (payloadSize === null && totalLen >= FRAME_HEADER_BYTES) {
-          const merged = Buffer.concat(chunks, totalLen);
-          payloadSize = merged.readUInt32LE(0);
-          if (payloadSize <= 0 || payloadSize > 5_000_000) {
-            finish(
-              new Error(
-                `camera_snapshot: unreasonable payload size ${payloadSize} from header; auth likely failed.`
-              )
-            );
-            return;
-          }
-          // Reset chunk list to remaining bytes after the header.
-          const remainder = merged.subarray(FRAME_HEADER_BYTES);
-          chunks.length = 0;
-          chunks.push(remainder);
-          totalLen = remainder.length;
-        }
-
-        if (payloadSize !== null && totalLen >= payloadSize) {
-          const merged = Buffer.concat(chunks, totalLen);
-          const jpeg = merged.subarray(0, payloadSize);
-          if (jpeg[0] !== 0xff || jpeg[1] !== 0xd8) {
-            finish(
-              new Error(
-                `camera_snapshot: payload does not start with JPEG SOI (FF D8); got ${jpeg[0].toString(16)} ${jpeg[1].toString(16)}.`
-              )
-            );
-            return;
-          }
-          finish(null, jpeg);
-        }
-      });
-
+      socket.on("data", parse);
       socket.on("error", (err) => finish(err));
-      socket.on("end", () =>
-        finish(
-          new Error("camera_snapshot: connection ended before a full JPEG frame arrived")
-        )
-      );
+      socket.on("end", () => finish(unfinished("connection ended")));
     });
   }
 

package/src/safety/printer-state.ts

@@ -138,6 +138,43 @@ function nozzleTypeAndFlow(value: unknown): {type?: string; flow?: string} {
   const type = token(value);
   return {type: ["stainlesssteel","hardenedsteel","tungstencarbide","brass"].includes(type) ? type : undefined};
 }
+/**
+ * A nozzle without an identity chip reports serial "N/A" and keeps the
+ * unreliable bit set permanently (stock H2D HS01 nozzles), so its diameter
+ * and type are configured settings, as on single-nozzle printers.
+ */
+function hasNoIdentityChip(entry: any): boolean {
+  return typeof entry?.sn === "string" && entry.sn.trim().toUpperCase() === "N/A";
+}
+
+/** Bit 0 (information unreliable) is accepted only from a nozzle without an identity chip. */
+function unreliableWithoutChip(entry: any, stat: number): boolean {
+  return (stat & 1) !== 0 && hasNoIdentityChip(entry);
+}
+
+/** Nozzles whose reported diameter and type are configured settings rather than chip readings. */
+export function unchippedNozzles(raw: unknown): number[] {
+  const info = (raw as any)?.device?.nozzle?.info;
+  if (!Array.isArray(info)) return [];
+  return info.flatMap(entry => {
+    const index = finiteNumber(entry?.id);
+    const stat = finiteNumber(entry?.stat);
+    return index !== undefined && Number.isInteger(index) && index >= 0 && index < 16 &&
+      stat !== undefined && Number.isInteger(stat) && unreliableWithoutChip(entry, stat) ? [index] : [];
+  });
+}
+
+const loggedUnchippedNozzles = new Set<string>();
+/** Name each unchipped nozzle a check accepted once per printer on stderr, so headless runs still record it. */
+function logUnchippedNozzles(raw: Record<string, any>, serial: string): void {
+  for (const index of unchippedNozzles(raw)) {
+    const key = `${serial}:${index}`;
+    if (loggedUnchippedNozzles.has(key)) continue;
+    loggedUnchippedNozzles.add(key);
+    console.error(`Printer ${serial || "(unknown serial)"} nozzle ${index} reports no identity chip; its diameter and type are the printer's configured settings.`);
+  }
+}
+
 function reportedNozzles(raw: Record<string,any>): ReportedNozzle[] {
   const info = raw.device?.nozzle?.info;
   const output: ReportedNozzle[] = [];
@@ -149,8 +186,11 @@ function reportedNozzles(raw: Record<string,any>): ReportedNozzle[] {
       const diameter = finiteNumber(entry?.diameter);
       if (index === undefined || !Number.isInteger(index) || index < 0 || diameter === undefined || diameter <= 0) throw new Error("Printer reported malformed nozzle identity or diameter.");
       if (entry.stat !== undefined) {
+        // BambuStudio DevNozzle: bit 0 set means the information is unreliable;
+        // bits 1-2 are 0 normal, 1 abnormal, 2 unknown.
         const stat = finiteNumber(entry.stat);
-        if (stat === undefined || !Number.isInteger(stat) || stat < 0 || (stat & 7) !== 0) throw new Error(`Printer nozzle ${index} information is unreliable, abnormal or unknown.`);
+        if (stat === undefined || !Number.isInteger(stat) || stat < 0 || (stat & 6) !== 0) throw new Error(`Printer nozzle ${index} information is unreliable, abnormal or unknown.`);
+        if ((stat & 1) !== 0 && !unreliableWithoutChip(entry, stat)) throw new Error(`Printer nozzle ${index} information is unreliable; refresh the nozzle information on the printer.`);
       }
       if (output.some(nozzle => nozzle.index === index)) throw new Error("Printer reported ambiguous duplicate nozzle indices.");
       output.push({index,diameter,...nozzleTypeAndFlow(entry.type)});
@@ -398,6 +438,7 @@ export function validatePrinterState(status: any, requirements: PrinterStateRequ
       filaments.push({position,material,trayIndex,nozzleMin,nozzleMax});
     }
   }
+  if (nozzles.length) logUnchippedNozzles(raw, identity.observedSerial ?? String(status.serial ?? ""));
   return {model,reportedNozzles:nozzles,filaments};
 }
 

package/src/stl/stl-manipulator.ts

@@ -201,6 +201,69 @@ const PROFILE_METADATA_KEYS = new Set([
   'compatible_printers', 'compatible_printers_condition', 'compatible_prints', 'compatible_prints_condition',
 ]);
 
+/**
+ * Why the slicer process failed. execFile's message already carries stderr;
+ * a crash often leaves stderr empty (FULU OrcaSlicer-bambulab v1.0.0
+ * segfaults with no output), so name the signal or exit code and add the end
+ * of stdout instead.
+ */
+/** Where a Bambu-style CLI records its error on Linux, and when this run started. */
+type CliResultSource = { resultPath: string; startedAt: number };
+
+function describeSlicerFailure(
+  error: { message: string; code?: unknown; signal?: unknown },
+  stdout: string,
+  stderr: string,
+  cli?: CliResultSource
+): string {
+  const status = typeof error.signal === "string" && error.signal
+    ? `crashed with ${error.signal}`
+    : typeof error.code === "number" ? `exited with code ${error.code}` : "failed";
+  const reason = cli ? bambuCliFailureReason(error.code, cli) : undefined;
+  const output = stderr.trim() ? "" : stdout.trim().split("\n").slice(-20).join("\n");
+  return `Slicer failed: the slicer ${status}${reason ? ` (${reason})` : ""}. ${error.message.trim()}${output ? `\nSlicer output: ${output}` : ""}`;
+}
+
+// Bambu Studio and OrcaSlicer CLI errors (libslic3r/Utils.hpp). The process
+// exits with the low byte of the code; on Linux result.json names the error.
+const BAMBU_CLI_ERRORS: Record<number, string> = {
+  [-2]: "invalid parameters to the slicer",
+  [-3]: "input files not found",
+  [-5]: "preset file cannot be parsed",
+  [-6]: "model file cannot be parsed",
+  [-9]: "copying objects failed",
+  [-17]: "printer is not compatible with the process preset",
+  [-21]: "auto-arranging objects failed",
+  [-22]: "auto-orienting objects failed",
+  [-50]: "a plate is empty or has no object fully inside it; arrange the model or place it on the plate",
+  [-51]: "incorrect slicing parameters",
+  [-52]: "objects extend over the bed boundary",
+  [-60]: "no printable objects remain after skipping",
+  [-61]: "filaments are not compatible with the plate type",
+  [-62]: "the filaments' temperatures differ too much",
+  [-63]: "objects collide in print-by-object mode",
+  [-64]: "objects collide",
+  [-100]: "slicing the model failed",
+  [-101]: "G-code conflicts after slicing",
+  [-102]: "G-code in an unprintable area",
+};
+
+function bambuCliFailureReason(exitCode: unknown, cli: CliResultSource): string | undefined {
+  try {
+    if (fs.statSync(cli.resultPath).mtimeMs >= cli.startedAt) {
+      const result = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(cli.resultPath, "utf8"));
+      if (typeof result.error_string === "string" && result.error_string.trim()) {
+        return `${result.error_string.trim()} [${result.return_code}]`;
+      }
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // result.json is written only on Linux and only for handled errors.
+  }
+  if (typeof exitCode !== "number") return undefined;
+  const code = Object.keys(BAMBU_CLI_ERRORS).map(Number).find(value => (value & 0xff) === exitCode);
+  return code === undefined ? undefined : `${BAMBU_CLI_ERRORS[code]} [${code}]`;
+}
+
 export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
   private tempDir: string;
   private activeOperations: Map<string, boolean> = new Map();
@@ -978,6 +1041,29 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Apply slice_stl's scale and rotations to a copy of the mesh as OrcaSlicer's
+   * CLI would, about the model's centre. Orca adds each --rotate* to the
+   * object's Euler angles (ModelVolume::rotate), so the result rotates about X,
+   * then Y, then Z whatever the argument order, after scaling. The slicer then
+   * places the result on the plate.
+   */
+  private async transformMeshForCli(stlFilePath: string, options: BambuSliceOptions): Promise<string> {
+    const { geometry, boundingBox } = await this.loadSTL(stlFilePath);
+    const center = new THREE.Vector3();
+    boundingBox.getCenter(center);
+    const radians = (degrees: number) => degrees * Math.PI / 180;
+    geometry.applyMatrix4(new THREE.Matrix4().makeTranslation(-center.x, -center.y, -center.z));
+    if (options.scale !== undefined) geometry.applyMatrix4(new THREE.Matrix4().makeScale(options.scale, options.scale, options.scale));
+    if (options.rotateX) geometry.applyMatrix4(new THREE.Matrix4().makeRotationX(radians(options.rotateX)));
+    if (options.rotateY) geometry.applyMatrix4(new THREE.Matrix4().makeRotationY(radians(options.rotateY)));
+    if (options.rotate) geometry.applyMatrix4(new THREE.Matrix4().makeRotationZ(radians(options.rotate)));
+    geometry.applyMatrix4(new THREE.Matrix4().makeTranslation(center.x, center.y, center.z));
+    const outputFilePath = path.join(this.tempDir, `${path.basename(stlFilePath, path.extname(stlFilePath))}_transformed_${this.generateOperationId()}.stl`);
+    await this.saveSTL(geometry, outputFilePath);
+    return outputFilePath;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Rotate an STL model around specific axes
    */
@@ -1610,7 +1696,9 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
     let outputFilePath = path.join(this.tempDir, outputFileName);
 
     let args: string[] = [];
+    let cliResult: CliResultSource | undefined;
     const orcaTemporaryDirectories: string[] = [];
+    const temporaryFiles: string[] = [];
 
     try {
       if (progressCallback) progressCallback(0, `Starting slicing with ${slicerType}...`);
@@ -1724,6 +1812,28 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
               });
               break;
             }
+            // OrcaSlicer's CLI crashes (SIGSEGV in PartPlate::check_outside,
+            // which needs the GUI's Plater) when --scale or --rotate-x/-y move an
+            // object below the bed and it arranges, the default for STL; it also
+            // rejects --repetitions for one STL. Apply STL transforms to the mesh
+            // in the CLI's order instead, and refuse the 3MF case it cannot fix.
+            const orcaCli = slicerType === 'orcaslicer' || slicerType === 'orcaslicer-bambulab';
+            const tilts = !!bambuOptions?.rotateX || !!bambuOptions?.rotateY;
+            const meshTransform = orcaCli && !is3mf && (bambuOptions?.scale !== undefined || tilts);
+            if (orcaCli && is3mf && bambuOptions?.arrange === true && ((bambuOptions.scale ?? 1) > 1 || tilts)) {
+              throw new Error(
+                "OrcaSlicer's CLI crashes when scale above 1, rotate_x or rotate_y moves a 3MF object below the bed while arranging. " +
+                "Set arrange to false, or apply the transform in the slicer and export the project."
+              );
+            }
+            if (orcaCli && !is3mf && bambuOptions?.repetitions !== undefined && bambuOptions.cloneObjects) {
+              throw new Error("Use either repetitions or clone_objects for an STL with OrcaSlicer, not both.");
+            }
+            const inputPath = meshTransform ? await this.transformMeshForCli(stlFilePath, bambuOptions!) : stlFilePath;
+            if (inputPath !== stlFilePath) temporaryFiles.push(inputPath);
+            cliResult = { resultPath: path.join(outputDir, 'result.json'), startedAt: Date.now() };
+            // A result.json left by an earlier run must not explain this one.
+            await fs.promises.rm(cliResult.resultPath, { force: true });
             args = [
               ...orcaExtraArgs,
               '--slice', String(bambuOptions?.slicePlate ?? 0),
@@ -1745,11 +1855,17 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
             if (bambuOptions?.skipModifiedGcodes) args.push('--skip-modified-gcodes');
             if (bambuOptions?.orient !== undefined) args.push('--orient', bambuOptions.orient ? '1' : '0');
             if (bambuOptions?.arrange !== undefined) args.push('--arrange', bambuOptions.arrange ? '1' : '0');
-            if (bambuOptions?.repetitions !== undefined) args.push('--repetitions', String(bambuOptions.repetitions));
-            if (bambuOptions?.scale !== undefined) args.push('--scale', String(bambuOptions.scale));
-            if (bambuOptions?.rotate !== undefined) args.push('--rotate', String(bambuOptions.rotate));
-            if (bambuOptions?.rotateX !== undefined) args.push('--rotate-x', String(bambuOptions.rotateX));
-            if (bambuOptions?.rotateY !== undefined) args.push('--rotate-y', String(bambuOptions.rotateY));
+            if (bambuOptions?.repetitions !== undefined) {
+              // OrcaSlicer counts copies of a single loaded STL with --clone-objects.
+              if (orcaCli && !is3mf) args.push('--clone-objects', String(bambuOptions.repetitions));
+              else args.push('--repetitions', String(bambuOptions.repetitions));
+            }
+            if (!meshTransform) {
+              if (bambuOptions?.scale !== undefined) args.push('--scale', String(bambuOptions.scale));
+              if (bambuOptions?.rotate !== undefined) args.push('--rotate', String(bambuOptions.rotate));
+              if (bambuOptions?.rotateX !== undefined) args.push('--rotate-x', String(bambuOptions.rotateX));
+              if (bambuOptions?.rotateY !== undefined) args.push('--rotate-y', String(bambuOptions.rotateY));
+            }
             if (bambuOptions?.cloneObjects) args.push('--clone-objects', bambuOptions.cloneObjects);
             if (bambuOptions?.skipObjects) args.push('--skip-objects', bambuOptions.skipObjects);
             if (cliBundle.filamentPaths.length > 0) {
@@ -1758,7 +1874,7 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
             }
             if (bambuOptions?.loadFilamentIds) args.push('--load-filament-ids', bambuOptions.loadFilamentIds);
 
-            args.push(stlFilePath);
+            args.push(inputPath);
             // Override outputFilePath for bambustudio since it produces 3MF, not gcode
             outputFilePath = bambuOutputPath;
           }
@@ -1778,7 +1894,7 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
             if (error) {
               console.error(`Slicer Error: ${error.message}`);
               console.error(`Slicer Stderr: ${stderr}`);
-              reject(new Error(`Slicer failed: ${error.message}. Stderr: ${stderr}`));
+              reject(new Error(describeSlicerFailure(error, stdout, stderr, cliResult)));
             } else {
               console.error(`Slicer Stdout: ${stdout}`);
                if (stderr) {
@@ -1841,6 +1957,9 @@ export class STLManipulator extends EventEmitter {
       throw error; 
     } finally {
       this.activeOperations.delete(operationId);
+      for (const file of temporaryFiles) {
+        await fs.promises.rm(file, { force: true }).catch(error => console.error('Could not remove a temporary mesh:', error));
+      }
       for (const directory of orcaTemporaryDirectories.reverse()) {
         await fs.promises.rm(directory, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(error => {
           console.error('Could not remove temporary Orca profiles:', error);