avl-tree-typed 1.53.4 → 1.53.5

package/dist/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.d.ts

@@ -395,19 +395,19 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedListNode<E = any> {
  *     // Test different scenarios of lyric synchronization
  *
  *     // 1. Find lyric at exact timestamp
- *     const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 36000);
+ *     const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 36000);
  *     console.log(exactTimeLyric?.text); // 'And ignite your bones'
  *
  *     // 2. Find lyric between timestamps
- *     const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 22000);
+ *     const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 22000);
  *     console.log(betweenTimeLyric?.text); // "When you lose something you can't replace"
  *
  *     // 3. Find first lyric when timestamp is less than first entry
- *     const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= -1000);
+ *     const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= -1000);
  *     console.log(earlyTimeLyric); // undefined
  *
  *     // 4. Find last lyric when timestamp is after last entry
- *     const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 50000);
+ *     const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 50000);
  *     console.log(lateTimeLyric?.text); // 'And I will try to fix you'
  * @example
  * // cpu process schedules
@@ -524,25 +524,30 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementB
      */
     get last(): E | undefined;
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n)
-     * Space Complexity: O(n)
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `fromArray` function creates a new instance of a DoublyLinkedList and populates it with the elements from the
-     * given array.
-     * @param {E[]} data - The `data` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
-     * @returns The `fromArray` function returns a DoublyLinkedList object.
-     */
-    static fromArray<E>(data: E[]): DoublyLinkedList<E, any>;
+     * The function `isNode` in TypeScript checks if a given input is an instance of
+     * `DoublyLinkedListNode`.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter in the `isNode` function can
+     * be one of the following types:
+     * @returns The `isNode` function is checking if the `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter is an
+     * instance of `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`. If it is, the function returns `true`, indicating that the
+     * parameter is a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`. If it is not an instance of `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`,
+     * the function returns `false`.
+     */
+    isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)): elementNodeOrPredicate is DoublyLinkedListNode<E>;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The push function adds a new element to the end of a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E} element - The "element" parameter represents the value that you want to add to the
-     * doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The `push` method is returning a boolean value, `true`.
+     * The `push` function adds a new element or node to the end of a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the `push`
+     * method can accept either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
+     * @returns The `push` method is returning a boolean value, specifically `true`.
      */
-    push(element: E): boolean;
+    push(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -563,12 +568,13 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementB
      * Time Complexity: O(1)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The unshift function adds a new element to the beginning of a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E} element - The "element" parameter represents the value of the element that you want to
-     * add to the beginning of the doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The `unshift` method is returning a boolean value, `true`.
+     * The unshift function adds a new element or node to the beginning of a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `unshift` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an
+     * element of type `E`.
+     * @returns The `unshift` method is returning a boolean value, specifically `true`.
      */
-    unshift(element: E): boolean;
+    unshift(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -596,53 +602,69 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementB
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The function `findNodeByValue` searches for a node with a specific value in a doubly linked list and returns the
-     * node if found, otherwise it returns undefined.
-     * @param {E} value - The `value` parameter is the value that we want to search for in the doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The function `findNodeByValue` returns a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` if a node with the specified value `value`
-     * is found in the linked list. If no such node is found, it returns `undefined`.
-     */
-    getNode(value: E | undefined): DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined;
+     * This TypeScript function searches for a node in a doubly linked list based on a given element node
+     * or predicate.
+     * @param {| E
+     *       | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>
+     *       | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+     *       | undefined} elementNodeOrPredicate - The `getNode` method you provided is used to find a
+     * node in a doubly linked list based on a given element, node, or predicate function. The
+     * `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following:
+     * @returns The `getNode` method returns a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` or `undefined` based on the
+     * input `elementNodeOrPredicate`. If the input is `undefined`, the method returns `undefined`.
+     * Otherwise, it iterates through the linked list starting from the head node and applies the
+     * provided predicate function to each node. If a node satisfies the predicate, that node is
+     * returned. If
+     */
+    getNode(elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean) | undefined): DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `insert` function inserts a value at a specified index in a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {number} index - The index parameter represents the position at which the new value should be inserted in the
-     * DoublyLinkedList. It is of type number.
-     * @param {E} value - The `value` parameter represents the value that you want to insert into the Doubly Linked List at the
-     * specified index.
-     * @returns The `insert` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the insertion is successful, and `false`
-     * if the index is out of bounds.
-     */
-    addAt(index: number, value: E): boolean;
+     * The `addAt` function inserts a new element or node at a specified index in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {number} index - The `index` parameter in the `addAt` method represents the position at
+     * which you want to add a new element or node in the doubly linked list. It indicates the location
+     * where the new element or node should be inserted.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `addAt` method can be either a value of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
+     * @returns The `addAt` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the element or node was
+     * successfully added at the specified index, and `false` if the index is out of bounds (less than 0
+     * or greater than the size of the list).
+     */
+    addAt(index: number, newElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `addBefore` function inserts a new value before an existing value or node in a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingValueOrNode - The existing value or node in the doubly linked list
-     * before which the new value will be inserted. It can be either the value of the existing node or the existing node
-     * itself.
-     * @param {E} newValue - The `newValue` parameter represents the value that you want to insert into the doubly linked
-     * list.
-     * @returns The method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the insertion is successful, and `false` if the
-     * insertion fails.
-     */
-    addBefore(existingValueOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newValue: E): boolean;
+     * The `addBefore` function in TypeScript adds a new element or node before an existing element or
+     * node in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingElementOrNode - The `existingElementOrNode` parameter
+     * in the `addBefore` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter
+     * represents the element or node that you want to add before the `existingElementOrNode` in a doubly
+     * linked list.
+     * @returns The `addBefore` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the new element or node was
+     * successfully added before the existing element or node, and `false` if the existing element or
+     * node was not found.
+     */
+    addBefore(existingElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `addAfter` function inserts a new node with a given value after an existing node in a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingValueOrNode - The existing value or node in the doubly linked list
-     * after which the new value will be inserted. It can be either the value of the existing node or the existing node
-     * itself.
-     * @param {E} newValue - The value that you want to insert into the doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The method returns a boolean value. It returns true if the insertion is successful, and false if the
-     * existing value or node is not found in the doubly linked list.
-     */
-    addAfter(existingValueOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newValue: E): boolean;
+     * The `addAfter` function in TypeScript adds a new element or node after an existing element or node
+     * in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingElementOrNode - existingElementOrNode represents the
+     * element or node in the doubly linked list after which you want to add a new element or node.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `addAfter` method represents the element or node that you want to add after the existing element
+     * or node in a doubly linked list. This parameter can be either an element value or a
+     * `DoublyLinkedListNode` object that you want to insert
+     * @returns The `addAfter` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the new element or node was
+     * successfully added after the existing element or node, and `false` if the existing element or node
+     * was not found in the linked list.
+     */
+    addAfter(existingElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -658,13 +680,16 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementB
      * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `delete` function removes a node from a doubly linked list based on either the node itself or its value.
-     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} valOrNode - The `valOrNode` parameter can accept either a value of type `E` or
-     * a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
-     * @returns The `delete` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the value or node was successfully
-     * deleted from the doubly linked list, and `false` if the value or node was not found in the list.
+     * The `delete` function removes a specified element or node from a doubly linked list if it exists.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in
+     * the `delete` method can accept an element of type `E`, a `DoublyLinkedListNode` of type `E`, or it
+     * can be `undefined`. This parameter is used to identify the node that needs to be deleted from the
+     * doubly linked list
+     * @returns The `delete` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the element or node was
+     * successfully deleted from the doubly linked list, and `false` if the element or node was not found
+     * in the list.
      */
-    delete(valOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined): boolean;
+    delete(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined): boolean;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -684,25 +709,45 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementB
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The function returns the index of the first occurrence of a given value in a linked list.
-     * @param {E} value - The parameter `value` is of type `E`, which means it can be any data type. It represents the value
-     * that we are searching for in the linked list.
-     * @returns The method `indexOf` returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified value `value` in the linked
-     * list. If the value is not found, it returns -1.
+     * The indexOf function in TypeScript returns the index of a specified element or node in a Doubly
+     * Linked List.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `indexOf` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an
+     * element of type `E`.
+     * @returns The `indexOf` method is returning the index of the element or node in the doubly linked
+     * list. If the element or node is found in the list, the method returns the index of that element or
+     * node. If the element or node is not found in the list, the method returns -1.
+     */
+    indexOf(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): number;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
+     */
+    /**
+     * This function retrieves an element from a doubly linked list based on a given element
+     * node or predicate.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `get` method takes in a parameter called `elementNodeOrPredicate`,
+     * which can be one of the following types:
+     * @returns The `get` method returns the value of the first node in the doubly linked list that
+     * satisfies the provided predicate function. If no such node is found, it returns `undefined`.
      */
-    indexOf(value: E): number;
+    get(elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)): E | undefined;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `findBackward` function iterates through a linked list from the last node to the first node and returns the last
-     * value that satisfies the given callback function, or undefined if no value satisfies the callback.
-     * @param callback - A function that takes a value of type E as its parameter and returns a boolean value. This
-     * function is used to determine whether a given value satisfies a certain condition.
-     * @returns The method `findBackward` returns the last value in the linked list that satisfies the condition specified by
-     * the callback function. If no value satisfies the condition, it returns `undefined`.
+     * The `getBackward` function searches for a specific element in a doubly linked list starting from
+     * the tail and moving backwards.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter in the `getBackward`
+     * function can be one of the following types:
+     * @returns The `getBackward` method returns the value of the element node that matches the provided
+     * predicate when traversing the doubly linked list backwards. If no matching element is found, it
+     * returns `undefined`.
      */
-    findBackward(callback: (value: E) => boolean): E | undefined;
+    getBackward(elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)): E | undefined;
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -775,8 +820,48 @@ export declare class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementB
      * @returns a new instance of the `DoublyLinkedList` class with elements of type `T` and `RR`.
      */
     map<EM, RM>(callback: ElementCallback<E, R, EM, DoublyLinkedList<E, R>>, toElementFn?: (rawElement: RM) => EM, thisArg?: any): DoublyLinkedList<EM, RM>;
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n)
+     * Space Complexity: O(n)
+     *
+     * The `fromArray` function creates a new instance of a DoublyLinkedList and populates it with the elements from the
+     * given array.
+     * @param {E[]} data - The `data` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
+     * @returns The `fromArray` function returns a DoublyLinkedList object.
+     */
+    static fromArray<E>(data: E[]): DoublyLinkedList<E, any>;
     /**
      * The function returns an iterator that iterates over the values of a linked list.
      */
     protected _getIterator(): IterableIterator<E>;
+    /**
+     * The function `_isPredicate` checks if the input is a function that takes a `DoublyLinkedListNode`
+     * as an argument and returns a boolean.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following
+     * types:
+     * @returns The _isPredicate method is returning a boolean value indicating whether the
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate parameter is a function or not. If the elementNodeOrPredicate is a
+     * function, the method will return true, indicating that it is a predicate function.
+     */
+    protected _isPredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)): elementNodeOrPredicate is (node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean;
+    /**
+     * The function `_ensureNode` ensures that the input is a valid node in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter can be either
+     * an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an element of type `E`.
+     * @returns If the `elementOrNode` parameter is already a `DoublyLinkedListNode`, it will be returned
+     * as is. Otherwise, a new `DoublyLinkedListNode` instance will be created with the `elementOrNode`
+     * value and returned.
+     */
+    protected _ensureNode(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): DoublyLinkedListNode<E>;
+    /**
+     * The function `_ensurePredicate` in TypeScript ensures that the input is either a node, a predicate
+     * function, or a value to compare with the node's value.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following
+     * types:
+     * @returns A function is being returned that takes a `DoublyLinkedListNode` as a parameter and
+     * returns a boolean value based on the conditions specified in the code.
+     */
+    protected _ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)): (node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean;
 }

package/dist/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.js

@@ -404,19 +404,19 @@ exports.DoublyLinkedListNode = DoublyLinkedListNode;
  *     // Test different scenarios of lyric synchronization
  *
  *     // 1. Find lyric at exact timestamp
- *     const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 36000);
+ *     const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 36000);
  *     console.log(exactTimeLyric?.text); // 'And ignite your bones'
  *
  *     // 2. Find lyric between timestamps
- *     const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 22000);
+ *     const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 22000);
  *     console.log(betweenTimeLyric?.text); // "When you lose something you can't replace"
  *
  *     // 3. Find first lyric when timestamp is less than first entry
- *     const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= -1000);
+ *     const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= -1000);
  *     console.log(earlyTimeLyric); // undefined
  *
  *     // 4. Find last lyric when timestamp is after last entry
- *     const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 50000);
+ *     const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 50000);
  *     console.log(lateTimeLyric?.text); // 'And I will try to fix you'
  * @example
  * // cpu process schedules
@@ -556,28 +556,33 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
         return (_a = this.tail) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.value;
     }
     /**
-     * Time Complexity: O(n)
-     * Space Complexity: O(n)
+     * Time Complexity: O(1)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `fromArray` function creates a new instance of a DoublyLinkedList and populates it with the elements from the
-     * given array.
-     * @param {E[]} data - The `data` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
-     * @returns The `fromArray` function returns a DoublyLinkedList object.
+     * The function `isNode` in TypeScript checks if a given input is an instance of
+     * `DoublyLinkedListNode`.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter in the `isNode` function can
+     * be one of the following types:
+     * @returns The `isNode` function is checking if the `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter is an
+     * instance of `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`. If it is, the function returns `true`, indicating that the
+     * parameter is a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`. If it is not an instance of `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`,
+     * the function returns `false`.
      */
-    static fromArray(data) {
-        return new DoublyLinkedList(data);
+    isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+        return elementNodeOrPredicate instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode;
     }
     /**
      * Time Complexity: O(1)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The push function adds a new element to the end of a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E} element - The "element" parameter represents the value that you want to add to the
-     * doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The `push` method is returning a boolean value, `true`.
+     * The `push` function adds a new element or node to the end of a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the `push`
+     * method can accept either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
+     * @returns The `push` method is returning a boolean value, specifically `true`.
      */
-    push(element) {
-        const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(element);
+    push(elementOrNode) {
+        const newNode = this._ensureNode(elementOrNode);
         if (!this.head) {
             this._head = newNode;
             this._tail = newNode;
@@ -638,13 +643,14 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(1)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The unshift function adds a new element to the beginning of a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E} element - The "element" parameter represents the value of the element that you want to
-     * add to the beginning of the doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The `unshift` method is returning a boolean value, `true`.
+     * The unshift function adds a new element or node to the beginning of a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `unshift` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an
+     * element of type `E`.
+     * @returns The `unshift` method is returning a boolean value, specifically `true`.
      */
-    unshift(element) {
-        const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(element);
+    unshift(elementOrNode) {
+        const newNode = this._ensureNode(elementOrNode);
         if (!this.head) {
             this._head = newNode;
             this._tail = newNode;
@@ -700,16 +706,27 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The function `findNodeByValue` searches for a node with a specific value in a doubly linked list and returns the
-     * node if found, otherwise it returns undefined.
-     * @param {E} value - The `value` parameter is the value that we want to search for in the doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The function `findNodeByValue` returns a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` if a node with the specified value `value`
-     * is found in the linked list. If no such node is found, it returns `undefined`.
+     * This TypeScript function searches for a node in a doubly linked list based on a given element node
+     * or predicate.
+     * @param {| E
+     *       | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>
+     *       | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+     *       | undefined} elementNodeOrPredicate - The `getNode` method you provided is used to find a
+     * node in a doubly linked list based on a given element, node, or predicate function. The
+     * `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following:
+     * @returns The `getNode` method returns a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` or `undefined` based on the
+     * input `elementNodeOrPredicate`. If the input is `undefined`, the method returns `undefined`.
+     * Otherwise, it iterates through the linked list starting from the head node and applies the
+     * provided predicate function to each node. If a node satisfies the predicate, that node is
+     * returned. If
      */
-    getNode(value) {
+    getNode(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+        if (elementNodeOrPredicate === undefined)
+            return;
+        const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
         let current = this.head;
         while (current) {
-            if (current.value === value) {
+            if (predicate(current)) {
                 return current;
             }
             current = current.next;
@@ -720,26 +737,28 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `insert` function inserts a value at a specified index in a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {number} index - The index parameter represents the position at which the new value should be inserted in the
-     * DoublyLinkedList. It is of type number.
-     * @param {E} value - The `value` parameter represents the value that you want to insert into the Doubly Linked List at the
-     * specified index.
-     * @returns The `insert` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the insertion is successful, and `false`
-     * if the index is out of bounds.
+     * The `addAt` function inserts a new element or node at a specified index in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {number} index - The `index` parameter in the `addAt` method represents the position at
+     * which you want to add a new element or node in the doubly linked list. It indicates the location
+     * where the new element or node should be inserted.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `addAt` method can be either a value of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
+     * @returns The `addAt` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the element or node was
+     * successfully added at the specified index, and `false` if the index is out of bounds (less than 0
+     * or greater than the size of the list).
      */
-    addAt(index, value) {
+    addAt(index, newElementOrNode) {
         if (index < 0 || index > this._size)
             return false;
         if (index === 0) {
-            this.unshift(value);
+            this.unshift(newElementOrNode);
             return true;
         }
         if (index === this._size) {
-            this.push(value);
+            this.push(newElementOrNode);
             return true;
         }
-        const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(value);
+        const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
         const prevNode = this.getNodeAt(index - 1);
         const nextNode = prevNode.next;
         newNode.prev = prevNode;
@@ -753,25 +772,27 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `addBefore` function inserts a new value before an existing value or node in a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingValueOrNode - The existing value or node in the doubly linked list
-     * before which the new value will be inserted. It can be either the value of the existing node or the existing node
-     * itself.
-     * @param {E} newValue - The `newValue` parameter represents the value that you want to insert into the doubly linked
-     * list.
-     * @returns The method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the insertion is successful, and `false` if the
-     * insertion fails.
+     * The `addBefore` function in TypeScript adds a new element or node before an existing element or
+     * node in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingElementOrNode - The `existingElementOrNode` parameter
+     * in the `addBefore` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter
+     * represents the element or node that you want to add before the `existingElementOrNode` in a doubly
+     * linked list.
+     * @returns The `addBefore` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the new element or node was
+     * successfully added before the existing element or node, and `false` if the existing element or
+     * node was not found.
      */
-    addBefore(existingValueOrNode, newValue) {
+    addBefore(existingElementOrNode, newElementOrNode) {
         let existingNode;
-        if (existingValueOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
-            existingNode = existingValueOrNode;
+        if (existingElementOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
+            existingNode = existingElementOrNode;
         }
         else {
-            existingNode = this.getNode(existingValueOrNode);
+            existingNode = this.getNode(existingElementOrNode);
         }
         if (existingNode) {
-            const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(newValue);
+            const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
             newNode.prev = existingNode.prev;
             if (existingNode.prev) {
                 existingNode.prev.next = newNode;
@@ -790,24 +811,28 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `addAfter` function inserts a new node with a given value after an existing node in a doubly linked list.
-     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingValueOrNode - The existing value or node in the doubly linked list
-     * after which the new value will be inserted. It can be either the value of the existing node or the existing node
-     * itself.
-     * @param {E} newValue - The value that you want to insert into the doubly linked list.
-     * @returns The method returns a boolean value. It returns true if the insertion is successful, and false if the
-     * existing value or node is not found in the doubly linked list.
+     * The `addAfter` function in TypeScript adds a new element or node after an existing element or node
+     * in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingElementOrNode - existingElementOrNode represents the
+     * element or node in the doubly linked list after which you want to add a new element or node.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `addAfter` method represents the element or node that you want to add after the existing element
+     * or node in a doubly linked list. This parameter can be either an element value or a
+     * `DoublyLinkedListNode` object that you want to insert
+     * @returns The `addAfter` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the new element or node was
+     * successfully added after the existing element or node, and `false` if the existing element or node
+     * was not found in the linked list.
      */
-    addAfter(existingValueOrNode, newValue) {
+    addAfter(existingElementOrNode, newElementOrNode) {
         let existingNode;
-        if (existingValueOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
-            existingNode = existingValueOrNode;
+        if (existingElementOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
+            existingNode = existingElementOrNode;
         }
         else {
-            existingNode = this.getNode(existingValueOrNode);
+            existingNode = this.getNode(existingElementOrNode);
         }
         if (existingNode) {
-            const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(newValue);
+            const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
             newNode.next = existingNode.next;
             if (existingNode.next) {
                 existingNode.next.prev = newNode;
@@ -855,20 +880,17 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `delete` function removes a node from a doubly linked list based on either the node itself or its value.
-     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} valOrNode - The `valOrNode` parameter can accept either a value of type `E` or
-     * a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
-     * @returns The `delete` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the value or node was successfully
-     * deleted from the doubly linked list, and `false` if the value or node was not found in the list.
+     * The `delete` function removes a specified element or node from a doubly linked list if it exists.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in
+     * the `delete` method can accept an element of type `E`, a `DoublyLinkedListNode` of type `E`, or it
+     * can be `undefined`. This parameter is used to identify the node that needs to be deleted from the
+     * doubly linked list
+     * @returns The `delete` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the element or node was
+     * successfully deleted from the doubly linked list, and `false` if the element or node was not found
+     * in the list.
      */
-    delete(valOrNode) {
-        let node;
-        if (valOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
-            node = valOrNode;
-        }
-        else {
-            node = this.getNode(valOrNode);
-        }
+    delete(elementOrNode) {
+        const node = this.getNode(elementOrNode);
         if (node) {
             if (node === this.head) {
                 this.shift();
@@ -914,17 +936,21 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The function returns the index of the first occurrence of a given value in a linked list.
-     * @param {E} value - The parameter `value` is of type `E`, which means it can be any data type. It represents the value
-     * that we are searching for in the linked list.
-     * @returns The method `indexOf` returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified value `value` in the linked
-     * list. If the value is not found, it returns -1.
+     * The indexOf function in TypeScript returns the index of a specified element or node in a Doubly
+     * Linked List.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the
+     * `indexOf` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an
+     * element of type `E`.
+     * @returns The `indexOf` method is returning the index of the element or node in the doubly linked
+     * list. If the element or node is found in the list, the method returns the index of that element or
+     * node. If the element or node is not found in the list, the method returns -1.
      */
-    indexOf(value) {
+    indexOf(elementOrNode) {
+        const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementOrNode);
         let index = 0;
         let current = this.head;
         while (current) {
-            if (current.value === value) {
+            if (predicate(current)) {
                 return index;
             }
             index++;
@@ -936,19 +962,45 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
      * Time Complexity: O(n)
      * Space Complexity: O(1)
      *
-     * The `findBackward` function iterates through a linked list from the last node to the first node and returns the last
-     * value that satisfies the given callback function, or undefined if no value satisfies the callback.
-     * @param callback - A function that takes a value of type E as its parameter and returns a boolean value. This
-     * function is used to determine whether a given value satisfies a certain condition.
-     * @returns The method `findBackward` returns the last value in the linked list that satisfies the condition specified by
-     * the callback function. If no value satisfies the condition, it returns `undefined`.
      */
-    findBackward(callback) {
+    /**
+     * This function retrieves an element from a doubly linked list based on a given element
+     * node or predicate.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `get` method takes in a parameter called `elementNodeOrPredicate`,
+     * which can be one of the following types:
+     * @returns The `get` method returns the value of the first node in the doubly linked list that
+     * satisfies the provided predicate function. If no such node is found, it returns `undefined`.
+     */
+    get(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+        const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
+        let current = this.head;
+        while (current) {
+            if (predicate(current))
+                return current.value;
+            current = current.next;
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n)
+     * Space Complexity: O(1)
+     *
+     * The `getBackward` function searches for a specific element in a doubly linked list starting from
+     * the tail and moving backwards.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter in the `getBackward`
+     * function can be one of the following types:
+     * @returns The `getBackward` method returns the value of the element node that matches the provided
+     * predicate when traversing the doubly linked list backwards. If no matching element is found, it
+     * returns `undefined`.
+     */
+    getBackward(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+        const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
         let current = this.tail;
         while (current) {
-            if (callback(current.value)) {
+            if (predicate(current))
                 return current.value;
-            }
             current = current.prev;
         }
         return undefined;
@@ -1070,6 +1122,18 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
         }
         return mappedList;
     }
+    /**
+     * Time Complexity: O(n)
+     * Space Complexity: O(n)
+     *
+     * The `fromArray` function creates a new instance of a DoublyLinkedList and populates it with the elements from the
+     * given array.
+     * @param {E[]} data - The `data` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
+     * @returns The `fromArray` function returns a DoublyLinkedList object.
+     */
+    static fromArray(data) {
+        return new DoublyLinkedList(data);
+    }
     /**
      * The function returns an iterator that iterates over the values of a linked list.
      */
@@ -1080,5 +1144,47 @@ class DoublyLinkedList extends base_1.IterableElementBase {
             current = current.next;
         }
     }
+    /**
+     * The function `_isPredicate` checks if the input is a function that takes a `DoublyLinkedListNode`
+     * as an argument and returns a boolean.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following
+     * types:
+     * @returns The _isPredicate method is returning a boolean value indicating whether the
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate parameter is a function or not. If the elementNodeOrPredicate is a
+     * function, the method will return true, indicating that it is a predicate function.
+     */
+    _isPredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+        return typeof elementNodeOrPredicate === 'function';
+    }
+    /**
+     * The function `_ensureNode` ensures that the input is a valid node in a doubly linked list.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter can be either
+     * an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an element of type `E`.
+     * @returns If the `elementOrNode` parameter is already a `DoublyLinkedListNode`, it will be returned
+     * as is. Otherwise, a new `DoublyLinkedListNode` instance will be created with the `elementOrNode`
+     * value and returned.
+     */
+    _ensureNode(elementOrNode) {
+        if (this.isNode(elementOrNode))
+            return elementOrNode;
+        return new DoublyLinkedListNode(elementOrNode);
+    }
+    /**
+     * The function `_ensurePredicate` in TypeScript ensures that the input is either a node, a predicate
+     * function, or a value to compare with the node's value.
+     * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+     * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following
+     * types:
+     * @returns A function is being returned that takes a `DoublyLinkedListNode` as a parameter and
+     * returns a boolean value based on the conditions specified in the code.
+     */
+    _ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+        if (this.isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate))
+            return (node) => node === elementNodeOrPredicate;
+        if (this._isPredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate))
+            return elementNodeOrPredicate;
+        return (node) => node.value === elementNodeOrPredicate;
+    }
 }
 exports.DoublyLinkedList = DoublyLinkedList;

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "avl-tree-typed",
-  "version": "1.53.4",
+  "version": "1.53.5",
   "description": "AVLTree(Adelson-Velsky and Landis Tree). Javascript & Typescript Data Structure.",
   "main": "dist/index.js",
   "scripts": {
@@ -163,6 +163,6 @@
     "typescript": "^4.9.5"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "data-structure-typed": "^1.53.4"
+    "data-structure-typed": "^1.53.5"
   }
 }

package/src/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.ts

@@ -422,19 +422,19 @@ export class DoublyLinkedListNode<E = any> {
  *     // Test different scenarios of lyric synchronization
  * 
  *     // 1. Find lyric at exact timestamp
- *     const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 36000);
+ *     const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 36000);
  *     console.log(exactTimeLyric?.text); // 'And ignite your bones'
  * 
  *     // 2. Find lyric between timestamps
- *     const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 22000);
+ *     const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 22000);
  *     console.log(betweenTimeLyric?.text); // "When you lose something you can't replace"
  * 
  *     // 3. Find first lyric when timestamp is less than first entry
- *     const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= -1000);
+ *     const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= -1000);
  *     console.log(earlyTimeLyric); // undefined
  * 
  *     // 4. Find last lyric when timestamp is after last entry
- *     const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.findBackward(lyric => lyric.time <= 50000);
+ *     const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 50000);
  *     console.log(lateTimeLyric?.text); // 'And I will try to fix you'
  * @example 
  * // cpu process schedules 
@@ -582,29 +582,36 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
   }
 
   /**
-   * Time Complexity: O(n)
-   * Space Complexity: O(n)
+   * Time Complexity: O(1)
+   * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The `fromArray` function creates a new instance of a DoublyLinkedList and populates it with the elements from the
-   * given array.
-   * @param {E[]} data - The `data` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
-   * @returns The `fromArray` function returns a DoublyLinkedList object.
+   * The function `isNode` in TypeScript checks if a given input is an instance of
+   * `DoublyLinkedListNode`.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+   * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter in the `isNode` function can
+   * be one of the following types:
+   * @returns The `isNode` function is checking if the `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter is an
+   * instance of `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`. If it is, the function returns `true`, indicating that the
+   * parameter is a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`. If it is not an instance of `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`,
+   * the function returns `false`.
    */
-  static fromArray<E>(data: E[]) {
-    return new DoublyLinkedList<E>(data);
+  isNode(
+    elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+  ): elementNodeOrPredicate is DoublyLinkedListNode<E> {
+    return elementNodeOrPredicate instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode;
   }
 
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(1)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The push function adds a new element to the end of a doubly linked list.
-   * @param {E} element - The "element" parameter represents the value that you want to add to the
-   * doubly linked list.
-   * @returns The `push` method is returning a boolean value, `true`.
+   * The `push` function adds a new element or node to the end of a doubly linked list.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the `push`
+   * method can accept either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
+   * @returns The `push` method is returning a boolean value, specifically `true`.
    */
-  push(element: E): boolean {
-    const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(element);
+  push(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean {
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(elementOrNode);
     if (!this.head) {
       this._head = newNode;
       this._tail = newNode;
@@ -663,13 +670,14 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(1)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The unshift function adds a new element to the beginning of a doubly linked list.
-   * @param {E} element - The "element" parameter represents the value of the element that you want to
-   * add to the beginning of the doubly linked list.
-   * @returns The `unshift` method is returning a boolean value, `true`.
+   * The unshift function adds a new element or node to the beginning of a doubly linked list.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the
+   * `unshift` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an
+   * element of type `E`.
+   * @returns The `unshift` method is returning a boolean value, specifically `true`.
    */
-  unshift(element: E): boolean {
-    const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(element);
+  unshift(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean {
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(elementOrNode);
     if (!this.head) {
       this._head = newNode;
       this._tail = newNode;
@@ -725,17 +733,29 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The function `findNodeByValue` searches for a node with a specific value in a doubly linked list and returns the
-   * node if found, otherwise it returns undefined.
-   * @param {E} value - The `value` parameter is the value that we want to search for in the doubly linked list.
-   * @returns The function `findNodeByValue` returns a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` if a node with the specified value `value`
-   * is found in the linked list. If no such node is found, it returns `undefined`.
+   * This TypeScript function searches for a node in a doubly linked list based on a given element node
+   * or predicate.
+   * @param {| E
+   *       | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>
+   *       | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+   *       | undefined} elementNodeOrPredicate - The `getNode` method you provided is used to find a
+   * node in a doubly linked list based on a given element, node, or predicate function. The
+   * `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following:
+   * @returns The `getNode` method returns a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` or `undefined` based on the
+   * input `elementNodeOrPredicate`. If the input is `undefined`, the method returns `undefined`.
+   * Otherwise, it iterates through the linked list starting from the head node and applies the
+   * provided predicate function to each node. If a node satisfies the predicate, that node is
+   * returned. If
    */
-  getNode(value: E | undefined): DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined {
+  getNode(
+    elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean) | undefined
+  ): DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined {
+    if (elementNodeOrPredicate === undefined) return;
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
     let current = this.head;
 
     while (current) {
-      if (current.value === value) {
+      if (predicate(current)) {
         return current;
       }
       current = current.next;
@@ -748,26 +768,28 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The `insert` function inserts a value at a specified index in a doubly linked list.
-   * @param {number} index - The index parameter represents the position at which the new value should be inserted in the
-   * DoublyLinkedList. It is of type number.
-   * @param {E} value - The `value` parameter represents the value that you want to insert into the Doubly Linked List at the
-   * specified index.
-   * @returns The `insert` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the insertion is successful, and `false`
-   * if the index is out of bounds.
+   * The `addAt` function inserts a new element or node at a specified index in a doubly linked list.
+   * @param {number} index - The `index` parameter in the `addAt` method represents the position at
+   * which you want to add a new element or node in the doubly linked list. It indicates the location
+   * where the new element or node should be inserted.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter in the
+   * `addAt` method can be either a value of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
+   * @returns The `addAt` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the element or node was
+   * successfully added at the specified index, and `false` if the index is out of bounds (less than 0
+   * or greater than the size of the list).
    */
-  addAt(index: number, value: E): boolean {
+  addAt(index: number, newElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean {
     if (index < 0 || index > this._size) return false;
     if (index === 0) {
-      this.unshift(value);
+      this.unshift(newElementOrNode);
       return true;
     }
     if (index === this._size) {
-      this.push(value);
+      this.push(newElementOrNode);
       return true;
     }
 
-    const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(value);
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
     const prevNode = this.getNodeAt(index - 1);
     const nextNode = prevNode!.next;
     newNode.prev = prevNode;
@@ -782,26 +804,31 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The `addBefore` function inserts a new value before an existing value or node in a doubly linked list.
-   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingValueOrNode - The existing value or node in the doubly linked list
-   * before which the new value will be inserted. It can be either the value of the existing node or the existing node
-   * itself.
-   * @param {E} newValue - The `newValue` parameter represents the value that you want to insert into the doubly linked
-   * list.
-   * @returns The method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the insertion is successful, and `false` if the
-   * insertion fails.
+   * The `addBefore` function in TypeScript adds a new element or node before an existing element or
+   * node in a doubly linked list.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingElementOrNode - The `existingElementOrNode` parameter
+   * in the `addBefore` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>`.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter
+   * represents the element or node that you want to add before the `existingElementOrNode` in a doubly
+   * linked list.
+   * @returns The `addBefore` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the new element or node was
+   * successfully added before the existing element or node, and `false` if the existing element or
+   * node was not found.
    */
-  addBefore(existingValueOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newValue: E): boolean {
+  addBefore(
+    existingElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>,
+    newElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>
+  ): boolean {
     let existingNode;
 
-    if (existingValueOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
-      existingNode = existingValueOrNode;
+    if (existingElementOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
+      existingNode = existingElementOrNode;
     } else {
-      existingNode = this.getNode(existingValueOrNode);
+      existingNode = this.getNode(existingElementOrNode);
     }
 
     if (existingNode) {
-      const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(newValue);
+      const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
       newNode.prev = existingNode.prev;
       if (existingNode.prev) {
         existingNode.prev.next = newNode;
@@ -822,25 +849,29 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The `addAfter` function inserts a new node with a given value after an existing node in a doubly linked list.
-   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingValueOrNode - The existing value or node in the doubly linked list
-   * after which the new value will be inserted. It can be either the value of the existing node or the existing node
-   * itself.
-   * @param {E} newValue - The value that you want to insert into the doubly linked list.
-   * @returns The method returns a boolean value. It returns true if the insertion is successful, and false if the
-   * existing value or node is not found in the doubly linked list.
+   * The `addAfter` function in TypeScript adds a new element or node after an existing element or node
+   * in a doubly linked list.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} existingElementOrNode - existingElementOrNode represents the
+   * element or node in the doubly linked list after which you want to add a new element or node.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} newElementOrNode - The `newElementOrNode` parameter in the
+   * `addAfter` method represents the element or node that you want to add after the existing element
+   * or node in a doubly linked list. This parameter can be either an element value or a
+   * `DoublyLinkedListNode` object that you want to insert
+   * @returns The `addAfter` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the new element or node was
+   * successfully added after the existing element or node, and `false` if the existing element or node
+   * was not found in the linked list.
    */
-  addAfter(existingValueOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newValue: E): boolean {
+  addAfter(existingElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>, newElementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): boolean {
     let existingNode;
 
-    if (existingValueOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
-      existingNode = existingValueOrNode;
+    if (existingElementOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
+      existingNode = existingElementOrNode;
     } else {
-      existingNode = this.getNode(existingValueOrNode);
+      existingNode = this.getNode(existingElementOrNode);
     }
 
     if (existingNode) {
-      const newNode = new DoublyLinkedListNode(newValue);
+      const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
       newNode.next = existingNode.next;
       if (existingNode.next) {
         existingNode.next.prev = newNode;
@@ -891,20 +922,17 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(1) or O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The `delete` function removes a node from a doubly linked list based on either the node itself or its value.
-   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} valOrNode - The `valOrNode` parameter can accept either a value of type `E` or
-   * a `DoublyLinkedListNode<E>` object.
-   * @returns The `delete` method returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the value or node was successfully
-   * deleted from the doubly linked list, and `false` if the value or node was not found in the list.
+   * The `delete` function removes a specified element or node from a doubly linked list if it exists.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in
+   * the `delete` method can accept an element of type `E`, a `DoublyLinkedListNode` of type `E`, or it
+   * can be `undefined`. This parameter is used to identify the node that needs to be deleted from the
+   * doubly linked list
+   * @returns The `delete` method returns a boolean value - `true` if the element or node was
+   * successfully deleted from the doubly linked list, and `false` if the element or node was not found
+   * in the list.
    */
-  delete(valOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined): boolean {
-    let node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined;
-
-    if (valOrNode instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode) {
-      node = valOrNode;
-    } else {
-      node = this.getNode(valOrNode);
-    }
+  delete(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined): boolean {
+    const node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | undefined = this.getNode(elementOrNode);
 
     if (node) {
       if (node === this.head) {
@@ -950,17 +978,21 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The function returns the index of the first occurrence of a given value in a linked list.
-   * @param {E} value - The parameter `value` is of type `E`, which means it can be any data type. It represents the value
-   * that we are searching for in the linked list.
-   * @returns The method `indexOf` returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified value `value` in the linked
-   * list. If the value is not found, it returns -1.
+   * The indexOf function in TypeScript returns the index of a specified element or node in a Doubly
+   * Linked List.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter in the
+   * `indexOf` method can be either an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an
+   * element of type `E`.
+   * @returns The `indexOf` method is returning the index of the element or node in the doubly linked
+   * list. If the element or node is found in the list, the method returns the index of that element or
+   * node. If the element or node is not found in the list, the method returns -1.
    */
-  indexOf(value: E): number {
+  indexOf(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>): number {
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementOrNode);
     let index = 0;
     let current = this.head;
     while (current) {
-      if (current.value === value) {
+      if (predicate(current)) {
         return index;
       }
       index++;
@@ -973,19 +1005,48 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
    * Time Complexity: O(n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
    *
-   * The `findBackward` function iterates through a linked list from the last node to the first node and returns the last
-   * value that satisfies the given callback function, or undefined if no value satisfies the callback.
-   * @param callback - A function that takes a value of type E as its parameter and returns a boolean value. This
-   * function is used to determine whether a given value satisfies a certain condition.
-   * @returns The method `findBackward` returns the last value in the linked list that satisfies the condition specified by
-   * the callback function. If no value satisfies the condition, it returns `undefined`.
    */
-  findBackward(callback: (value: E) => boolean): E | undefined {
+  /**
+   * This function retrieves an element from a doubly linked list based on a given element
+   * node or predicate.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+   * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `get` method takes in a parameter called `elementNodeOrPredicate`,
+   * which can be one of the following types:
+   * @returns The `get` method returns the value of the first node in the doubly linked list that
+   * satisfies the provided predicate function. If no such node is found, it returns `undefined`.
+   */
+  get(
+    elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+  ): E | undefined {
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
+    let current = this.head;
+    while (current) {
+      if (predicate(current)) return current.value;
+      current = current.next;
+    }
+    return undefined;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Time Complexity: O(n)
+   * Space Complexity: O(1)
+   *
+   * The `getBackward` function searches for a specific element in a doubly linked list starting from
+   * the tail and moving backwards.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+   * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter in the `getBackward`
+   * function can be one of the following types:
+   * @returns The `getBackward` method returns the value of the element node that matches the provided
+   * predicate when traversing the doubly linked list backwards. If no matching element is found, it
+   * returns `undefined`.
+   */
+  getBackward(
+    elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+  ): E | undefined {
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
     let current = this.tail;
     while (current) {
-      if (callback(current.value)) {
-        return current.value;
-      }
+      if (predicate(current)) return current.value;
       current = current.prev;
     }
     return undefined;
@@ -1119,6 +1180,19 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
     return mappedList;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Time Complexity: O(n)
+   * Space Complexity: O(n)
+   *
+   * The `fromArray` function creates a new instance of a DoublyLinkedList and populates it with the elements from the
+   * given array.
+   * @param {E[]} data - The `data` parameter is an array of elements of type `E`.
+   * @returns The `fromArray` function returns a DoublyLinkedList object.
+   */
+  static fromArray<E>(data: E[]) {
+    return new DoublyLinkedList<E>(data);
+  }
+
   /**
    * The function returns an iterator that iterates over the values of a linked list.
    */
@@ -1130,4 +1204,53 @@ export class DoublyLinkedList<E = any, R = any> extends IterableElementBase<E, R
       current = current.next;
     }
   }
+
+  /**
+   * The function `_isPredicate` checks if the input is a function that takes a `DoublyLinkedListNode`
+   * as an argument and returns a boolean.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+   * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following
+   * types:
+   * @returns The _isPredicate method is returning a boolean value indicating whether the
+   * elementNodeOrPredicate parameter is a function or not. If the elementNodeOrPredicate is a
+   * function, the method will return true, indicating that it is a predicate function.
+   */
+  protected _isPredicate(
+    elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+  ): elementNodeOrPredicate is (node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean {
+    return typeof elementNodeOrPredicate === 'function';
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The function `_ensureNode` ensures that the input is a valid node in a doubly linked list.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>} elementOrNode - The `elementOrNode` parameter can be either
+   * an element of type `E` or a `DoublyLinkedListNode` containing an element of type `E`.
+   * @returns If the `elementOrNode` parameter is already a `DoublyLinkedListNode`, it will be returned
+   * as is. Otherwise, a new `DoublyLinkedListNode` instance will be created with the `elementOrNode`
+   * value and returned.
+   */
+  protected _ensureNode(elementOrNode: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) {
+    if (this.isNode(elementOrNode)) return elementOrNode;
+
+    return new DoublyLinkedListNode<E>(elementOrNode);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The function `_ensurePredicate` in TypeScript ensures that the input is either a node, a predicate
+   * function, or a value to compare with the node's value.
+   * @param {E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)} elementNodeOrPredicate
+   * elementNodeOrPredicate - The `elementNodeOrPredicate` parameter can be one of the following
+   * types:
+   * @returns A function is being returned that takes a `DoublyLinkedListNode` as a parameter and
+   * returns a boolean value based on the conditions specified in the code.
+   */
+  protected _ensurePredicate(
+    elementNodeOrPredicate: E | DoublyLinkedListNode<E> | ((node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => boolean)
+  ) {
+    if (this.isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate)) return (node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => node === elementNodeOrPredicate;
+
+    if (this._isPredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate)) return elementNodeOrPredicate;
+
+    return (node: DoublyLinkedListNode<E>) => node.value === elementNodeOrPredicate;
+  }
 }