altimate-code 0.5.1 → 0.5.3

package/dbt-tools/dist/altimate_python_packages/altimate_packages/sqlglot/tokens.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1520 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import typing as t
+from enum import auto
+
+from sqlglot.errors import SqlglotError, TokenError
+from sqlglot.helper import AutoName
+from sqlglot.trie import TrieResult, in_trie, new_trie
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import DialectType
+
+
+try:
+    from sqlglotrs import (  # type: ignore
+        Tokenizer as RsTokenizer,
+        TokenizerDialectSettings as RsTokenizerDialectSettings,
+        TokenizerSettings as RsTokenizerSettings,
+        TokenTypeSettings as RsTokenTypeSettings,
+    )
+
+    USE_RS_TOKENIZER = os.environ.get("SQLGLOTRS_TOKENIZER", "1") == "1"
+except ImportError:
+    USE_RS_TOKENIZER = False
+
+
+class TokenType(AutoName):
+    L_PAREN = auto()
+    R_PAREN = auto()
+    L_BRACKET = auto()
+    R_BRACKET = auto()
+    L_BRACE = auto()
+    R_BRACE = auto()
+    COMMA = auto()
+    DOT = auto()
+    DASH = auto()
+    PLUS = auto()
+    COLON = auto()
+    DOTCOLON = auto()
+    DCOLON = auto()
+    DQMARK = auto()
+    SEMICOLON = auto()
+    STAR = auto()
+    BACKSLASH = auto()
+    SLASH = auto()
+    LT = auto()
+    LTE = auto()
+    GT = auto()
+    GTE = auto()
+    NOT = auto()
+    EQ = auto()
+    NEQ = auto()
+    NULLSAFE_EQ = auto()
+    COLON_EQ = auto()
+    AND = auto()
+    OR = auto()
+    AMP = auto()
+    DPIPE = auto()
+    PIPE_GT = auto()
+    PIPE = auto()
+    PIPE_SLASH = auto()
+    DPIPE_SLASH = auto()
+    CARET = auto()
+    CARET_AT = auto()
+    TILDA = auto()
+    ARROW = auto()
+    DARROW = auto()
+    FARROW = auto()
+    HASH = auto()
+    HASH_ARROW = auto()
+    DHASH_ARROW = auto()
+    LR_ARROW = auto()
+    DAT = auto()
+    LT_AT = auto()
+    AT_GT = auto()
+    DOLLAR = auto()
+    PARAMETER = auto()
+    SESSION_PARAMETER = auto()
+    DAMP = auto()
+    XOR = auto()
+    DSTAR = auto()
+
+    URI_START = auto()
+
+    BLOCK_START = auto()
+    BLOCK_END = auto()
+
+    SPACE = auto()
+    BREAK = auto()
+
+    STRING = auto()
+    NUMBER = auto()
+    IDENTIFIER = auto()
+    DATABASE = auto()
+    COLUMN = auto()
+    COLUMN_DEF = auto()
+    SCHEMA = auto()
+    TABLE = auto()
+    WAREHOUSE = auto()
+    STAGE = auto()
+    STREAMLIT = auto()
+    VAR = auto()
+    BIT_STRING = auto()
+    HEX_STRING = auto()
+    BYTE_STRING = auto()
+    NATIONAL_STRING = auto()
+    RAW_STRING = auto()
+    HEREDOC_STRING = auto()
+    UNICODE_STRING = auto()
+
+    # types
+    BIT = auto()
+    BOOLEAN = auto()
+    TINYINT = auto()
+    UTINYINT = auto()
+    SMALLINT = auto()
+    USMALLINT = auto()
+    MEDIUMINT = auto()
+    UMEDIUMINT = auto()
+    INT = auto()
+    UINT = auto()
+    BIGINT = auto()
+    UBIGINT = auto()
+    INT128 = auto()
+    UINT128 = auto()
+    INT256 = auto()
+    UINT256 = auto()
+    FLOAT = auto()
+    DOUBLE = auto()
+    UDOUBLE = auto()
+    DECIMAL = auto()
+    DECIMAL32 = auto()
+    DECIMAL64 = auto()
+    DECIMAL128 = auto()
+    DECIMAL256 = auto()
+    UDECIMAL = auto()
+    BIGDECIMAL = auto()
+    CHAR = auto()
+    NCHAR = auto()
+    VARCHAR = auto()
+    NVARCHAR = auto()
+    BPCHAR = auto()
+    TEXT = auto()
+    MEDIUMTEXT = auto()
+    LONGTEXT = auto()
+    BLOB = auto()
+    MEDIUMBLOB = auto()
+    LONGBLOB = auto()
+    TINYBLOB = auto()
+    TINYTEXT = auto()
+    NAME = auto()
+    BINARY = auto()
+    VARBINARY = auto()
+    JSON = auto()
+    JSONB = auto()
+    TIME = auto()
+    TIMETZ = auto()
+    TIMESTAMP = auto()
+    TIMESTAMPTZ = auto()
+    TIMESTAMPLTZ = auto()
+    TIMESTAMPNTZ = auto()
+    TIMESTAMP_S = auto()
+    TIMESTAMP_MS = auto()
+    TIMESTAMP_NS = auto()
+    DATETIME = auto()
+    DATETIME2 = auto()
+    DATETIME64 = auto()
+    SMALLDATETIME = auto()
+    DATE = auto()
+    DATE32 = auto()
+    INT4RANGE = auto()
+    INT4MULTIRANGE = auto()
+    INT8RANGE = auto()
+    INT8MULTIRANGE = auto()
+    NUMRANGE = auto()
+    NUMMULTIRANGE = auto()
+    TSRANGE = auto()
+    TSMULTIRANGE = auto()
+    TSTZRANGE = auto()
+    TSTZMULTIRANGE = auto()
+    DATERANGE = auto()
+    DATEMULTIRANGE = auto()
+    UUID = auto()
+    GEOGRAPHY = auto()
+    NULLABLE = auto()
+    GEOMETRY = auto()
+    POINT = auto()
+    RING = auto()
+    LINESTRING = auto()
+    MULTILINESTRING = auto()
+    POLYGON = auto()
+    MULTIPOLYGON = auto()
+    HLLSKETCH = auto()
+    HSTORE = auto()
+    SUPER = auto()
+    SERIAL = auto()
+    SMALLSERIAL = auto()
+    BIGSERIAL = auto()
+    XML = auto()
+    YEAR = auto()
+    USERDEFINED = auto()
+    MONEY = auto()
+    SMALLMONEY = auto()
+    ROWVERSION = auto()
+    IMAGE = auto()
+    VARIANT = auto()
+    OBJECT = auto()
+    INET = auto()
+    IPADDRESS = auto()
+    IPPREFIX = auto()
+    IPV4 = auto()
+    IPV6 = auto()
+    ENUM = auto()
+    ENUM8 = auto()
+    ENUM16 = auto()
+    FIXEDSTRING = auto()
+    LOWCARDINALITY = auto()
+    NESTED = auto()
+    AGGREGATEFUNCTION = auto()
+    SIMPLEAGGREGATEFUNCTION = auto()
+    TDIGEST = auto()
+    UNKNOWN = auto()
+    VECTOR = auto()
+    DYNAMIC = auto()
+    VOID = auto()
+
+    # keywords
+    ALIAS = auto()
+    ALTER = auto()
+    ALWAYS = auto()
+    ALL = auto()
+    ANTI = auto()
+    ANY = auto()
+    APPLY = auto()
+    ARRAY = auto()
+    ASC = auto()
+    ASOF = auto()
+    ATTACH = auto()
+    AUTO_INCREMENT = auto()
+    BEGIN = auto()
+    BETWEEN = auto()
+    BULK_COLLECT_INTO = auto()
+    CACHE = auto()
+    CASE = auto()
+    CHARACTER_SET = auto()
+    CLUSTER_BY = auto()
+    COLLATE = auto()
+    COMMAND = auto()
+    COMMENT = auto()
+    COMMIT = auto()
+    CONNECT_BY = auto()
+    CONSTRAINT = auto()
+    COPY = auto()
+    CREATE = auto()
+    CROSS = auto()
+    CUBE = auto()
+    CURRENT_DATE = auto()
+    CURRENT_DATETIME = auto()
+    CURRENT_SCHEMA = auto()
+    CURRENT_TIME = auto()
+    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = auto()
+    CURRENT_USER = auto()
+    DECLARE = auto()
+    DEFAULT = auto()
+    DELETE = auto()
+    DESC = auto()
+    DESCRIBE = auto()
+    DETACH = auto()
+    DICTIONARY = auto()
+    DISTINCT = auto()
+    DISTRIBUTE_BY = auto()
+    DIV = auto()
+    DROP = auto()
+    ELSE = auto()
+    END = auto()
+    ESCAPE = auto()
+    EXCEPT = auto()
+    EXECUTE = auto()
+    EXISTS = auto()
+    FALSE = auto()
+    FETCH = auto()
+    FILE_FORMAT = auto()
+    FILTER = auto()
+    FINAL = auto()
+    FIRST = auto()
+    FOR = auto()
+    FORCE = auto()
+    FOREIGN_KEY = auto()
+    FORMAT = auto()
+    FROM = auto()
+    FULL = auto()
+    FUNCTION = auto()
+    GET = auto()
+    GLOB = auto()
+    GLOBAL = auto()
+    GRANT = auto()
+    GROUP_BY = auto()
+    GROUPING_SETS = auto()
+    HAVING = auto()
+    HINT = auto()
+    IGNORE = auto()
+    ILIKE = auto()
+    ILIKE_ANY = auto()
+    IN = auto()
+    INDEX = auto()
+    INNER = auto()
+    INSERT = auto()
+    INTERSECT = auto()
+    INTERVAL = auto()
+    INTO = auto()
+    INTRODUCER = auto()
+    IRLIKE = auto()
+    IS = auto()
+    ISNULL = auto()
+    JOIN = auto()
+    JOIN_MARKER = auto()
+    KEEP = auto()
+    KEY = auto()
+    KILL = auto()
+    LANGUAGE = auto()
+    LATERAL = auto()
+    LEFT = auto()
+    LIKE = auto()
+    LIKE_ANY = auto()
+    LIMIT = auto()
+    LIST = auto()
+    LOAD = auto()
+    LOCK = auto()
+    MAP = auto()
+    MATCH_CONDITION = auto()
+    MATCH_RECOGNIZE = auto()
+    MEMBER_OF = auto()
+    MERGE = auto()
+    MOD = auto()
+    MODEL = auto()
+    NATURAL = auto()
+    NEXT = auto()
+    NOTHING = auto()
+    NOTNULL = auto()
+    NULL = auto()
+    OBJECT_IDENTIFIER = auto()
+    OFFSET = auto()
+    ON = auto()
+    ONLY = auto()
+    OPERATOR = auto()
+    ORDER_BY = auto()
+    ORDER_SIBLINGS_BY = auto()
+    ORDERED = auto()
+    ORDINALITY = auto()
+    OUTER = auto()
+    OVER = auto()
+    OVERLAPS = auto()
+    OVERWRITE = auto()
+    PARTITION = auto()
+    PARTITION_BY = auto()
+    PERCENT = auto()
+    PIVOT = auto()
+    PLACEHOLDER = auto()
+    POSITIONAL = auto()
+    PRAGMA = auto()
+    PREWHERE = auto()
+    PRIMARY_KEY = auto()
+    PROCEDURE = auto()
+    PROPERTIES = auto()
+    PSEUDO_TYPE = auto()
+    PUT = auto()
+    QUALIFY = auto()
+    QUOTE = auto()
+    RANGE = auto()
+    RECURSIVE = auto()
+    REFRESH = auto()
+    RENAME = auto()
+    REPLACE = auto()
+    RETURNING = auto()
+    REFERENCES = auto()
+    RIGHT = auto()
+    RLIKE = auto()
+    ROLLBACK = auto()
+    ROLLUP = auto()
+    ROW = auto()
+    ROWS = auto()
+    SELECT = auto()
+    SEMI = auto()
+    SEPARATOR = auto()
+    SEQUENCE = auto()
+    SERDE_PROPERTIES = auto()
+    SET = auto()
+    SETTINGS = auto()
+    SHOW = auto()
+    SIMILAR_TO = auto()
+    SOME = auto()
+    SORT_BY = auto()
+    START_WITH = auto()
+    STORAGE_INTEGRATION = auto()
+    STRAIGHT_JOIN = auto()
+    STRUCT = auto()
+    SUMMARIZE = auto()
+    TABLE_SAMPLE = auto()
+    TAG = auto()
+    TEMPORARY = auto()
+    TOP = auto()
+    THEN = auto()
+    TRUE = auto()
+    TRUNCATE = auto()
+    UNCACHE = auto()
+    UNION = auto()
+    UNNEST = auto()
+    UNPIVOT = auto()
+    UPDATE = auto()
+    USE = auto()
+    USING = auto()
+    VALUES = auto()
+    VIEW = auto()
+    VOLATILE = auto()
+    WHEN = auto()
+    WHERE = auto()
+    WINDOW = auto()
+    WITH = auto()
+    UNIQUE = auto()
+    VERSION_SNAPSHOT = auto()
+    TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT = auto()
+    OPTION = auto()
+    SINK = auto()
+    SOURCE = auto()
+    ANALYZE = auto()
+    NAMESPACE = auto()
+    EXPORT = auto()
+
+
+_ALL_TOKEN_TYPES = list(TokenType)
+_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX = {token_type: i for i, token_type in enumerate(_ALL_TOKEN_TYPES)}
+
+
+class Token:
+    __slots__ = ("token_type", "text", "line", "col", "start", "end", "comments")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
+        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
+        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
+        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
+        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
+        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
+        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
+        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
+        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        token_type: TokenType,
+        text: str,
+        line: int = 1,
+        col: int = 1,
+        start: int = 0,
+        end: int = 0,
+        comments: t.Optional[t.List[str]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Token initializer.
+
+        Args:
+            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
+            text: The text of the token.
+            line: The line that the token ends on.
+            col: The column that the token ends on.
+            start: The start index of the token.
+            end: The ending index of the token.
+            comments: The comments to attach to the token.
+        """
+        self.token_type = token_type
+        self.text = text
+        self.line = line
+        self.col = col
+        self.start = start
+        self.end = end
+        self.comments = [] if comments is None else comments
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        attributes = ", ".join(f"{k}: {getattr(self, k)}" for k in self.__slots__)
+        return f"<Token {attributes}>"
+
+
+class _Tokenizer(type):
+    def __new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs):
+        klass = super().__new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs)
+
+        def _convert_quotes(arr: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]]) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
+            return dict(
+                (item, item) if isinstance(item, str) else (item[0], item[1]) for item in arr
+            )
+
+        def _quotes_to_format(
+            token_type: TokenType, arr: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]]
+        ) -> t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]]:
+            return {k: (v, token_type) for k, v in _convert_quotes(arr).items()}
+
+        klass._QUOTES = _convert_quotes(klass.QUOTES)
+        klass._IDENTIFIERS = _convert_quotes(klass.IDENTIFIERS)
+
+        klass._FORMAT_STRINGS = {
+            **{
+                p + s: (e, TokenType.NATIONAL_STRING)
+                for s, e in klass._QUOTES.items()
+                for p in ("n", "N")
+            },
+            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.BIT_STRING, klass.BIT_STRINGS),
+            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.BYTE_STRING, klass.BYTE_STRINGS),
+            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.HEX_STRING, klass.HEX_STRINGS),
+            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.RAW_STRING, klass.RAW_STRINGS),
+            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.HEREDOC_STRING, klass.HEREDOC_STRINGS),
+            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.UNICODE_STRING, klass.UNICODE_STRINGS),
+        }
+
+        klass._STRING_ESCAPES = set(klass.STRING_ESCAPES)
+        klass._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = set(klass.IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
+        klass._COMMENTS = {
+            **dict(
+                (comment, None) if isinstance(comment, str) else (comment[0], comment[1])
+                for comment in klass.COMMENTS
+            ),
+            "{#": "#}",  # Ensure Jinja comments are tokenized correctly in all dialects
+        }
+        if klass.HINT_START in klass.KEYWORDS:
+            klass._COMMENTS[klass.HINT_START] = "*/"
+
+        klass._KEYWORD_TRIE = new_trie(
+            key.upper()
+            for key in (
+                *klass.KEYWORDS,
+                *klass._COMMENTS,
+                *klass._QUOTES,
+                *klass._FORMAT_STRINGS,
+            )
+            if " " in key or any(single in key for single in klass.SINGLE_TOKENS)
+        )
+
+        if USE_RS_TOKENIZER:
+            settings = RsTokenizerSettings(
+                white_space={k: _TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v] for k, v in klass.WHITE_SPACE.items()},
+                single_tokens={k: _TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v] for k, v in klass.SINGLE_TOKENS.items()},
+                keywords={k: _TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v] for k, v in klass.KEYWORDS.items()},
+                numeric_literals=klass.NUMERIC_LITERALS,
+                identifiers=klass._IDENTIFIERS,
+                identifier_escapes=klass._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES,
+                string_escapes=klass._STRING_ESCAPES,
+                quotes=klass._QUOTES,
+                format_strings={
+                    k: (v1, _TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v2])
+                    for k, (v1, v2) in klass._FORMAT_STRINGS.items()
+                },
+                has_bit_strings=bool(klass.BIT_STRINGS),
+                has_hex_strings=bool(klass.HEX_STRINGS),
+                comments=klass._COMMENTS,
+                var_single_tokens=klass.VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS,
+                commands={_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v] for v in klass.COMMANDS},
+                command_prefix_tokens={
+                    _TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v] for v in klass.COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS
+                },
+                heredoc_tag_is_identifier=klass.HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER,
+                string_escapes_allowed_in_raw_strings=klass.STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS,
+                nested_comments=klass.NESTED_COMMENTS,
+                hint_start=klass.HINT_START,
+                tokens_preceding_hint={
+                    _TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[v] for v in klass.TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
+                },
+            )
+            token_types = RsTokenTypeSettings(
+                bit_string=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.BIT_STRING],
+                break_=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.BREAK],
+                dcolon=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.DCOLON],
+                heredoc_string=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.HEREDOC_STRING],
+                raw_string=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.RAW_STRING],
+                hex_string=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.HEX_STRING],
+                identifier=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.IDENTIFIER],
+                number=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.NUMBER],
+                parameter=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.PARAMETER],
+                semicolon=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.SEMICOLON],
+                string=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.STRING],
+                var=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.VAR],
+                heredoc_string_alternative=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[klass.HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE],
+                hint=_TOKEN_TYPE_TO_INDEX[TokenType.HINT],
+            )
+            klass._RS_TOKENIZER = RsTokenizer(settings, token_types)
+        else:
+            klass._RS_TOKENIZER = None
+
+        return klass
+
+
+class Tokenizer(metaclass=_Tokenizer):
+    SINGLE_TOKENS = {
+        "(": TokenType.L_PAREN,
+        ")": TokenType.R_PAREN,
+        "[": TokenType.L_BRACKET,
+        "]": TokenType.R_BRACKET,
+        "{": TokenType.L_BRACE,
+        "}": TokenType.R_BRACE,
+        "&": TokenType.AMP,
+        "^": TokenType.CARET,
+        ":": TokenType.COLON,
+        ",": TokenType.COMMA,
+        ".": TokenType.DOT,
+        "-": TokenType.DASH,
+        "=": TokenType.EQ,
+        ">": TokenType.GT,
+        "<": TokenType.LT,
+        "%": TokenType.MOD,
+        "!": TokenType.NOT,
+        "|": TokenType.PIPE,
+        "+": TokenType.PLUS,
+        ";": TokenType.SEMICOLON,
+        "/": TokenType.SLASH,
+        "\\": TokenType.BACKSLASH,
+        "*": TokenType.STAR,
+        "~": TokenType.TILDA,
+        "?": TokenType.PLACEHOLDER,
+        "@": TokenType.PARAMETER,
+        "#": TokenType.HASH,
+        # Used for breaking a var like x'y' but nothing else the token type doesn't matter
+        "'": TokenType.UNKNOWN,
+        "`": TokenType.UNKNOWN,
+        '"': TokenType.UNKNOWN,
+    }
+
+    BIT_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    BYTE_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    HEX_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    RAW_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    HEREDOC_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    UNICODE_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    IDENTIFIERS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = ['"']
+    QUOTES: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str] | str] = ["'"]
+    STRING_ESCAPES = ["'"]
+    VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+    # The strings in this list can always be used as escapes, regardless of the surrounding
+    # identifier delimiters. By default, the closing delimiter is assumed to also act as an
+    # identifier escape, e.g. if we use double-quotes, then they also act as escapes: "x"""
+    IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES: t.List[str] = []
+
+    # Whether the heredoc tags follow the same lexical rules as unquoted identifiers
+    HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER = False
+
+    # Token that we'll generate as a fallback if the heredoc prefix doesn't correspond to a heredoc
+    HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE = TokenType.VAR
+
+    # Whether string escape characters function as such when placed within raw strings
+    STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS = True
+
+    NESTED_COMMENTS = True
+
+    HINT_START = "/*+"
+
+    TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT = {TokenType.SELECT, TokenType.INSERT, TokenType.UPDATE, TokenType.DELETE}
+
+    # Autofilled
+    _COMMENTS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+    _FORMAT_STRINGS: t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]] = {}
+    _IDENTIFIERS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+    _IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
+    _QUOTES: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+    _STRING_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
+    _KEYWORD_TRIE: t.Dict = {}
+    _RS_TOKENIZER: t.Optional[t.Any] = None
+
+    KEYWORDS: t.Dict[str, TokenType] = {
+        **{f"{{%{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("", "+", "-")},
+        **{f"{prefix}%}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("", "+", "-")},
+        **{f"{{{{{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("+", "-")},
+        **{f"{prefix}}}}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("+", "-")},
+        HINT_START: TokenType.HINT,
+        "==": TokenType.EQ,
+        "::": TokenType.DCOLON,
+        "||": TokenType.DPIPE,
+        "|>": TokenType.PIPE_GT,
+        ">=": TokenType.GTE,
+        "<=": TokenType.LTE,
+        "<>": TokenType.NEQ,
+        "!=": TokenType.NEQ,
+        ":=": TokenType.COLON_EQ,
+        "<=>": TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ,
+        "->": TokenType.ARROW,
+        "->>": TokenType.DARROW,
+        "=>": TokenType.FARROW,
+        "#>": TokenType.HASH_ARROW,
+        "#>>": TokenType.DHASH_ARROW,
+        "<->": TokenType.LR_ARROW,
+        "&&": TokenType.DAMP,
+        "??": TokenType.DQMARK,
+        "~~~": TokenType.GLOB,
+        "~~": TokenType.LIKE,
+        "~~*": TokenType.ILIKE,
+        "~*": TokenType.IRLIKE,
+        "ALL": TokenType.ALL,
+        "ALWAYS": TokenType.ALWAYS,
+        "AND": TokenType.AND,
+        "ANTI": TokenType.ANTI,
+        "ANY": TokenType.ANY,
+        "ASC": TokenType.ASC,
+        "AS": TokenType.ALIAS,
+        "ASOF": TokenType.ASOF,
+        "AUTOINCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
+        "AUTO_INCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
+        "BEGIN": TokenType.BEGIN,
+        "BETWEEN": TokenType.BETWEEN,
+        "CACHE": TokenType.CACHE,
+        "UNCACHE": TokenType.UNCACHE,
+        "CASE": TokenType.CASE,
+        "CHARACTER SET": TokenType.CHARACTER_SET,
+        "CLUSTER BY": TokenType.CLUSTER_BY,
+        "COLLATE": TokenType.COLLATE,
+        "COLUMN": TokenType.COLUMN,
+        "COMMIT": TokenType.COMMIT,
+        "CONNECT BY": TokenType.CONNECT_BY,
+        "CONSTRAINT": TokenType.CONSTRAINT,
+        "COPY": TokenType.COPY,
+        "CREATE": TokenType.CREATE,
+        "CROSS": TokenType.CROSS,
+        "CUBE": TokenType.CUBE,
+        "CURRENT_DATE": TokenType.CURRENT_DATE,
+        "CURRENT_SCHEMA": TokenType.CURRENT_SCHEMA,
+        "CURRENT_TIME": TokenType.CURRENT_TIME,
+        "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP": TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+        "CURRENT_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
+        "DATABASE": TokenType.DATABASE,
+        "DEFAULT": TokenType.DEFAULT,
+        "DELETE": TokenType.DELETE,
+        "DESC": TokenType.DESC,
+        "DESCRIBE": TokenType.DESCRIBE,
+        "DISTINCT": TokenType.DISTINCT,
+        "DISTRIBUTE BY": TokenType.DISTRIBUTE_BY,
+        "DIV": TokenType.DIV,
+        "DROP": TokenType.DROP,
+        "ELSE": TokenType.ELSE,
+        "END": TokenType.END,
+        "ENUM": TokenType.ENUM,
+        "ESCAPE": TokenType.ESCAPE,
+        "EXCEPT": TokenType.EXCEPT,
+        "EXECUTE": TokenType.EXECUTE,
+        "EXISTS": TokenType.EXISTS,
+        "FALSE": TokenType.FALSE,
+        "FETCH": TokenType.FETCH,
+        "FILTER": TokenType.FILTER,
+        "FIRST": TokenType.FIRST,
+        "FULL": TokenType.FULL,
+        "FUNCTION": TokenType.FUNCTION,
+        "FOR": TokenType.FOR,
+        "FOREIGN KEY": TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY,
+        "FORMAT": TokenType.FORMAT,
+        "FROM": TokenType.FROM,
+        "GEOGRAPHY": TokenType.GEOGRAPHY,
+        "GEOMETRY": TokenType.GEOMETRY,
+        "GLOB": TokenType.GLOB,
+        "GROUP BY": TokenType.GROUP_BY,
+        "GROUPING SETS": TokenType.GROUPING_SETS,
+        "HAVING": TokenType.HAVING,
+        "ILIKE": TokenType.ILIKE,
+        "IN": TokenType.IN,
+        "INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
+        "INET": TokenType.INET,
+        "INNER": TokenType.INNER,
+        "INSERT": TokenType.INSERT,
+        "INTERVAL": TokenType.INTERVAL,
+        "INTERSECT": TokenType.INTERSECT,
+        "INTO": TokenType.INTO,
+        "IS": TokenType.IS,
+        "ISNULL": TokenType.ISNULL,
+        "JOIN": TokenType.JOIN,
+        "KEEP": TokenType.KEEP,
+        "KILL": TokenType.KILL,
+        "LATERAL": TokenType.LATERAL,
+        "LEFT": TokenType.LEFT,
+        "LIKE": TokenType.LIKE,
+        "LIMIT": TokenType.LIMIT,
+        "LOAD": TokenType.LOAD,
+        "LOCK": TokenType.LOCK,
+        "MERGE": TokenType.MERGE,
+        "NAMESPACE": TokenType.NAMESPACE,
+        "NATURAL": TokenType.NATURAL,
+        "NEXT": TokenType.NEXT,
+        "NOT": TokenType.NOT,
+        "NOTNULL": TokenType.NOTNULL,
+        "NULL": TokenType.NULL,
+        "OBJECT": TokenType.OBJECT,
+        "OFFSET": TokenType.OFFSET,
+        "ON": TokenType.ON,
+        "OR": TokenType.OR,
+        "XOR": TokenType.XOR,
+        "ORDER BY": TokenType.ORDER_BY,
+        "ORDINALITY": TokenType.ORDINALITY,
+        "OUTER": TokenType.OUTER,
+        "OVER": TokenType.OVER,
+        "OVERLAPS": TokenType.OVERLAPS,
+        "OVERWRITE": TokenType.OVERWRITE,
+        "PARTITION": TokenType.PARTITION,
+        "PARTITION BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
+        "PARTITIONED BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
+        "PARTITIONED_BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
+        "PERCENT": TokenType.PERCENT,
+        "PIVOT": TokenType.PIVOT,
+        "PRAGMA": TokenType.PRAGMA,
+        "PRIMARY KEY": TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY,
+        "PROCEDURE": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
+        "QUALIFY": TokenType.QUALIFY,
+        "RANGE": TokenType.RANGE,
+        "RECURSIVE": TokenType.RECURSIVE,
+        "REGEXP": TokenType.RLIKE,
+        "RENAME": TokenType.RENAME,
+        "REPLACE": TokenType.REPLACE,
+        "RETURNING": TokenType.RETURNING,
+        "REFERENCES": TokenType.REFERENCES,
+        "RIGHT": TokenType.RIGHT,
+        "RLIKE": TokenType.RLIKE,
+        "ROLLBACK": TokenType.ROLLBACK,
+        "ROLLUP": TokenType.ROLLUP,
+        "ROW": TokenType.ROW,
+        "ROWS": TokenType.ROWS,
+        "SCHEMA": TokenType.SCHEMA,
+        "SELECT": TokenType.SELECT,
+        "SEMI": TokenType.SEMI,
+        "SET": TokenType.SET,
+        "SETTINGS": TokenType.SETTINGS,
+        "SHOW": TokenType.SHOW,
+        "SIMILAR TO": TokenType.SIMILAR_TO,
+        "SOME": TokenType.SOME,
+        "SORT BY": TokenType.SORT_BY,
+        "START WITH": TokenType.START_WITH,
+        "STRAIGHT_JOIN": TokenType.STRAIGHT_JOIN,
+        "TABLE": TokenType.TABLE,
+        "TABLESAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
+        "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
+        "TEMPORARY": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
+        "THEN": TokenType.THEN,
+        "TRUE": TokenType.TRUE,
+        "TRUNCATE": TokenType.TRUNCATE,
+        "UNION": TokenType.UNION,
+        "UNKNOWN": TokenType.UNKNOWN,
+        "UNNEST": TokenType.UNNEST,
+        "UNPIVOT": TokenType.UNPIVOT,
+        "UPDATE": TokenType.UPDATE,
+        "USE": TokenType.USE,
+        "USING": TokenType.USING,
+        "UUID": TokenType.UUID,
+        "VALUES": TokenType.VALUES,
+        "VIEW": TokenType.VIEW,
+        "VOLATILE": TokenType.VOLATILE,
+        "WHEN": TokenType.WHEN,
+        "WHERE": TokenType.WHERE,
+        "WINDOW": TokenType.WINDOW,
+        "WITH": TokenType.WITH,
+        "APPLY": TokenType.APPLY,
+        "ARRAY": TokenType.ARRAY,
+        "BIT": TokenType.BIT,
+        "BOOL": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
+        "BOOLEAN": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
+        "BYTE": TokenType.TINYINT,
+        "MEDIUMINT": TokenType.MEDIUMINT,
+        "INT1": TokenType.TINYINT,
+        "TINYINT": TokenType.TINYINT,
+        "INT16": TokenType.SMALLINT,
+        "SHORT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
+        "SMALLINT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
+        "HUGEINT": TokenType.INT128,
+        "UHUGEINT": TokenType.UINT128,
+        "INT2": TokenType.SMALLINT,
+        "INTEGER": TokenType.INT,
+        "INT": TokenType.INT,
+        "INT4": TokenType.INT,
+        "INT32": TokenType.INT,
+        "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT,
+        "INT128": TokenType.INT128,
+        "INT256": TokenType.INT256,
+        "LONG": TokenType.BIGINT,
+        "BIGINT": TokenType.BIGINT,
+        "INT8": TokenType.TINYINT,
+        "UINT": TokenType.UINT,
+        "UINT128": TokenType.UINT128,
+        "UINT256": TokenType.UINT256,
+        "DEC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
+        "DECIMAL": TokenType.DECIMAL,
+        "DECIMAL32": TokenType.DECIMAL32,
+        "DECIMAL64": TokenType.DECIMAL64,
+        "DECIMAL128": TokenType.DECIMAL128,
+        "DECIMAL256": TokenType.DECIMAL256,
+        "BIGDECIMAL": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
+        "BIGNUMERIC": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
+        "LIST": TokenType.LIST,
+        "MAP": TokenType.MAP,
+        "NULLABLE": TokenType.NULLABLE,
+        "NUMBER": TokenType.DECIMAL,
+        "NUMERIC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
+        "FIXED": TokenType.DECIMAL,
+        "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
+        "FLOAT": TokenType.FLOAT,
+        "FLOAT4": TokenType.FLOAT,
+        "FLOAT8": TokenType.DOUBLE,
+        "DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
+        "DOUBLE PRECISION": TokenType.DOUBLE,
+        "JSON": TokenType.JSON,
+        "JSONB": TokenType.JSONB,
+        "CHAR": TokenType.CHAR,
+        "CHARACTER": TokenType.CHAR,
+        "CHAR VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
+        "CHARACTER VARYING": TokenType.VARCHAR,
+        "NCHAR": TokenType.NCHAR,
+        "VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
+        "VARCHAR2": TokenType.VARCHAR,
+        "NVARCHAR": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
+        "NVARCHAR2": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
+        "BPCHAR": TokenType.BPCHAR,
+        "STR": TokenType.TEXT,
+        "STRING": TokenType.TEXT,
+        "TEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
+        "LONGTEXT": TokenType.LONGTEXT,
+        "MEDIUMTEXT": TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT,
+        "TINYTEXT": TokenType.TINYTEXT,
+        "CLOB": TokenType.TEXT,
+        "LONGVARCHAR": TokenType.TEXT,
+        "BINARY": TokenType.BINARY,
+        "BLOB": TokenType.VARBINARY,
+        "LONGBLOB": TokenType.LONGBLOB,
+        "MEDIUMBLOB": TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB,
+        "TINYBLOB": TokenType.TINYBLOB,
+        "BYTEA": TokenType.VARBINARY,
+        "VARBINARY": TokenType.VARBINARY,
+        "TIME": TokenType.TIME,
+        "TIMETZ": TokenType.TIMETZ,
+        "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
+        "TIMESTAMPTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
+        "TIMESTAMPLTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ,
+        "TIMESTAMP_LTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ,
+        "TIMESTAMPNTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ,
+        "TIMESTAMP_NTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPNTZ,
+        "DATE": TokenType.DATE,
+        "DATETIME": TokenType.DATETIME,
+        "INT4RANGE": TokenType.INT4RANGE,
+        "INT4MULTIRANGE": TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE,
+        "INT8RANGE": TokenType.INT8RANGE,
+        "INT8MULTIRANGE": TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE,
+        "NUMRANGE": TokenType.NUMRANGE,
+        "NUMMULTIRANGE": TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE,
+        "TSRANGE": TokenType.TSRANGE,
+        "TSMULTIRANGE": TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE,
+        "TSTZRANGE": TokenType.TSTZRANGE,
+        "TSTZMULTIRANGE": TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE,
+        "DATERANGE": TokenType.DATERANGE,
+        "DATEMULTIRANGE": TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE,
+        "UNIQUE": TokenType.UNIQUE,
+        "VECTOR": TokenType.VECTOR,
+        "STRUCT": TokenType.STRUCT,
+        "SEQUENCE": TokenType.SEQUENCE,
+        "VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
+        "ALTER": TokenType.ALTER,
+        "ANALYZE": TokenType.ANALYZE,
+        "CALL": TokenType.COMMAND,
+        "COMMENT": TokenType.COMMENT,
+        "EXPLAIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
+        "GRANT": TokenType.GRANT,
+        "OPTIMIZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
+        "PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
+        "VACUUM": TokenType.COMMAND,
+        "USER-DEFINED": TokenType.USERDEFINED,
+        "FOR VERSION": TokenType.VERSION_SNAPSHOT,
+        "FOR TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMP_SNAPSHOT,
+    }
+
+    WHITE_SPACE: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
+        " ": TokenType.SPACE,
+        "\t": TokenType.SPACE,
+        "\n": TokenType.BREAK,
+        "\r": TokenType.BREAK,
+    }
+
+    COMMANDS = {
+        TokenType.COMMAND,
+        TokenType.EXECUTE,
+        TokenType.FETCH,
+        TokenType.SHOW,
+        TokenType.RENAME,
+    }
+
+    COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS = {TokenType.SEMICOLON, TokenType.BEGIN}
+
+    # Handle numeric literals like in hive (3L = BIGINT)
+    NUMERIC_LITERALS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+
+    COMMENTS = ["--", ("/*", "*/")]
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "sql",
+        "size",
+        "tokens",
+        "dialect",
+        "use_rs_tokenizer",
+        "_start",
+        "_current",
+        "_line",
+        "_col",
+        "_comments",
+        "_char",
+        "_end",
+        "_peek",
+        "_prev_token_line",
+        "_rs_dialect_settings",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, dialect: DialectType = None, use_rs_tokenizer: t.Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        from sqlglot.dialects import Dialect
+
+        self.dialect = Dialect.get_or_raise(dialect)
+
+        # initialize `use_rs_tokenizer`, and allow it to be overwritten per Tokenizer instance
+        self.use_rs_tokenizer = (
+            use_rs_tokenizer if use_rs_tokenizer is not None else USE_RS_TOKENIZER
+        )
+
+        if self.use_rs_tokenizer:
+            self._rs_dialect_settings = RsTokenizerDialectSettings(
+                unescaped_sequences=self.dialect.UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES,
+                identifiers_can_start_with_digit=self.dialect.IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT,
+                numbers_can_be_underscore_separated=self.dialect.NUMBERS_CAN_BE_UNDERSCORE_SEPARATED,
+            )
+
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        self.sql = ""
+        self.size = 0
+        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
+        self._start = 0
+        self._current = 0
+        self._line = 1
+        self._col = 0
+        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
+
+        self._char = ""
+        self._end = False
+        self._peek = ""
+        self._prev_token_line = -1
+
+    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
+        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
+        if self.use_rs_tokenizer:
+            return self.tokenize_rs(sql)
+
+        self.reset()
+        self.sql = sql
+        self.size = len(sql)
+
+        try:
+            self._scan()
+        except Exception as e:
+            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
+            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
+            context = self.sql[start:end]
+            raise TokenError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
+
+        return self.tokens
+
+    def _scan(self, until: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
+        while self.size and not self._end:
+            current = self._current
+
+            # Skip spaces here rather than iteratively calling advance() for performance reasons
+            while current < self.size:
+                char = self.sql[current]
+
+                if char.isspace() and (char == " " or char == "\t"):
+                    current += 1
+                else:
+                    break
+
+            offset = current - self._current if current > self._current else 1
+
+            self._start = current
+            self._advance(offset)
+
+            if not self._char.isspace():
+                if self._char.isdigit():
+                    self._scan_number()
+                elif self._char in self._IDENTIFIERS:
+                    self._scan_identifier(self._IDENTIFIERS[self._char])
+                else:
+                    self._scan_keywords()
+
+            if until and until():
+                break
+
+        if self.tokens and self._comments:
+            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
+
+    def _chars(self, size: int) -> str:
+        if size == 1:
+            return self._char
+
+        start = self._current - 1
+        end = start + size
+
+        return self.sql[start:end] if end <= self.size else ""
+
+    def _advance(self, i: int = 1, alnum: bool = False) -> None:
+        if self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._char) is TokenType.BREAK:
+            # Ensures we don't count an extra line if we get a \r\n line break sequence
+            if not (self._char == "\r" and self._peek == "\n"):
+                self._col = i
+                self._line += 1
+        else:
+            self._col += i
+
+        self._current += i
+        self._end = self._current >= self.size
+        self._char = self.sql[self._current - 1]
+        self._peek = "" if self._end else self.sql[self._current]
+
+        if alnum and self._char.isalnum():
+            # Here we use local variables instead of attributes for better performance
+            _col = self._col
+            _current = self._current
+            _end = self._end
+            _peek = self._peek
+
+            while _peek.isalnum():
+                _col += 1
+                _current += 1
+                _end = _current >= self.size
+                _peek = "" if _end else self.sql[_current]
+
+            self._col = _col
+            self._current = _current
+            self._end = _end
+            self._peek = _peek
+            self._char = self.sql[_current - 1]
+
+    @property
+    def _text(self) -> str:
+        return self.sql[self._start : self._current]
+
+    def _add(self, token_type: TokenType, text: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self._prev_token_line = self._line
+
+        if self._comments and token_type == TokenType.SEMICOLON and self.tokens:
+            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
+            self._comments = []
+
+        self.tokens.append(
+            Token(
+                token_type,
+                text=self._text if text is None else text,
+                line=self._line,
+                col=self._col,
+                start=self._start,
+                end=self._current - 1,
+                comments=self._comments,
+            )
+        )
+        self._comments = []
+
+        # If we have either a semicolon or a begin token before the command's token, we'll parse
+        # whatever follows the command's token as a string
+        if (
+            token_type in self.COMMANDS
+            and self._peek != ";"
+            and (len(self.tokens) == 1 or self.tokens[-2].token_type in self.COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS)
+        ):
+            start = self._current
+            tokens = len(self.tokens)
+            self._scan(lambda: self._peek == ";")
+            self.tokens = self.tokens[:tokens]
+            text = self.sql[start : self._current].strip()
+            if text:
+                self._add(TokenType.STRING, text)
+
+    def _scan_keywords(self) -> None:
+        size = 0
+        word = None
+        chars = self._text
+        char = chars
+        prev_space = False
+        skip = False
+        trie = self._KEYWORD_TRIE
+        single_token = char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
+
+        while chars:
+            if skip:
+                result = TrieResult.PREFIX
+            else:
+                result, trie = in_trie(trie, char.upper())
+
+            if result == TrieResult.FAILED:
+                break
+            if result == TrieResult.EXISTS:
+                word = chars
+
+            end = self._current + size
+            size += 1
+
+            if end < self.size:
+                char = self.sql[end]
+                single_token = single_token or char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
+                is_space = char.isspace()
+
+                if not is_space or not prev_space:
+                    if is_space:
+                        char = " "
+                    chars += char
+                    prev_space = is_space
+                    skip = False
+                else:
+                    skip = True
+            else:
+                char = ""
+                break
+
+        if word:
+            if self._scan_string(word):
+                return
+            if self._scan_comment(word):
+                return
+            if prev_space or single_token or not char:
+                self._advance(size - 1)
+                word = word.upper()
+                self._add(self.KEYWORDS[word], text=word)
+                return
+
+        if self._char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
+            self._add(self.SINGLE_TOKENS[self._char], text=self._char)
+            return
+
+        self._scan_var()
+
+    def _scan_comment(self, comment_start: str) -> bool:
+        if comment_start not in self._COMMENTS:
+            return False
+
+        comment_start_line = self._line
+        comment_start_size = len(comment_start)
+        comment_end = self._COMMENTS[comment_start]
+
+        if comment_end:
+            # Skip the comment's start delimiter
+            self._advance(comment_start_size)
+
+            comment_count = 1
+            comment_end_size = len(comment_end)
+
+            while not self._end:
+                if self._chars(comment_end_size) == comment_end:
+                    comment_count -= 1
+                    if not comment_count:
+                        break
+
+                self._advance(alnum=True)
+
+                # Nested comments are allowed by some dialects, e.g. databricks, duckdb, postgres
+                if (
+                    self.NESTED_COMMENTS
+                    and not self._end
+                    and self._chars(comment_end_size) == comment_start
+                ):
+                    self._advance(comment_start_size)
+                    comment_count += 1
+
+            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size : -comment_end_size + 1])
+            self._advance(comment_end_size - 1)
+        else:
+            while not self._end and self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._peek) is not TokenType.BREAK:
+                self._advance(alnum=True)
+            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size:])
+
+        if (
+            comment_start == self.HINT_START
+            and self.tokens
+            and self.tokens[-1].token_type in self.TOKENS_PRECEDING_HINT
+        ):
+            self._add(TokenType.HINT)
+
+        # Leading comment is attached to the succeeding token, whilst trailing comment to the preceding.
+        # Multiple consecutive comments are preserved by appending them to the current comments list.
+        if comment_start_line == self._prev_token_line:
+            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
+            self._comments = []
+            self._prev_token_line = self._line
+
+        return True
+
+    def _scan_number(self) -> None:
+        if self._char == "0":
+            peek = self._peek.upper()
+            if peek == "B":
+                return self._scan_bits() if self.BIT_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
+            elif peek == "X":
+                return self._scan_hex() if self.HEX_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
+
+        decimal = False
+        scientific = 0
+
+        while True:
+            if self._peek.isdigit():
+                self._advance()
+            elif self._peek == "." and not decimal:
+                if self.tokens and self.tokens[-1].token_type == TokenType.PARAMETER:
+                    return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
+                decimal = True
+                self._advance()
+            elif self._peek in ("-", "+") and scientific == 1:
+                scientific += 1
+                self._advance()
+            elif self._peek.upper() == "E" and not scientific:
+                scientific += 1
+                self._advance()
+            elif self._peek.isidentifier():
+                number_text = self._text
+                literal = ""
+
+                while self._peek.strip() and self._peek not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
+                    literal += self._peek
+                    self._advance()
+
+                token_type = self.KEYWORDS.get(self.NUMERIC_LITERALS.get(literal.upper(), ""))
+
+                if token_type:
+                    self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
+                    self._add(TokenType.DCOLON, "::")
+                    return self._add(token_type, literal)
+                else:
+                    replaced = literal.replace("_", "")
+                    if self.dialect.NUMBERS_CAN_BE_UNDERSCORE_SEPARATED and replaced.isdigit():
+                        return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text + replaced)
+                    if self.dialect.IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT:
+                        return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
+
+                self._advance(-len(literal))
+                return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
+            else:
+                return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
+
+    def _scan_bits(self) -> None:
+        self._advance()
+        value = self._extract_value()
+        try:
+            # If `value` can't be converted to a binary, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
+            int(value, 2)
+            self._add(TokenType.BIT_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0b
+        except ValueError:
+            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
+
+    def _scan_hex(self) -> None:
+        self._advance()
+        value = self._extract_value()
+        try:
+            # If `value` can't be converted to a hex, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
+            int(value, 16)
+            self._add(TokenType.HEX_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0x
+        except ValueError:
+            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
+
+    def _extract_value(self) -> str:
+        while True:
+            char = self._peek.strip()
+            if char and char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
+                self._advance(alnum=True)
+            else:
+                break
+
+        return self._text
+
+    def _scan_string(self, start: str) -> bool:
+        base = None
+        token_type = TokenType.STRING
+
+        if start in self._QUOTES:
+            end = self._QUOTES[start]
+        elif start in self._FORMAT_STRINGS:
+            end, token_type = self._FORMAT_STRINGS[start]
+
+            if token_type == TokenType.HEX_STRING:
+                base = 16
+            elif token_type == TokenType.BIT_STRING:
+                base = 2
+            elif token_type == TokenType.HEREDOC_STRING:
+                self._advance()
+
+                if self._char == end:
+                    tag = ""
+                else:
+                    tag = self._extract_string(
+                        end,
+                        raw_string=True,
+                        raise_unmatched=not self.HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER,
+                    )
+
+                if tag and self.HEREDOC_TAG_IS_IDENTIFIER and (self._end or not tag.isidentifier()):
+                    if not self._end:
+                        self._advance(-1)
+
+                    self._advance(-len(tag))
+                    self._add(self.HEREDOC_STRING_ALTERNATIVE)
+                    return True
+
+                end = f"{start}{tag}{end}"
+        else:
+            return False
+
+        self._advance(len(start))
+        text = self._extract_string(end, raw_string=token_type == TokenType.RAW_STRING)
+
+        if base:
+            try:
+                int(text, base)
+            except Exception:
+                raise TokenError(
+                    f"Numeric string contains invalid characters from {self._line}:{self._start}"
+                )
+
+        self._add(token_type, text)
+        return True
+
+    def _scan_identifier(self, identifier_end: str) -> None:
+        self._advance()
+        text = self._extract_string(
+            identifier_end, escapes=self._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES | {identifier_end}
+        )
+        self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, text)
+
+    def _scan_var(self) -> None:
+        while True:
+            char = self._peek.strip()
+            if char and (char in self.VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS or char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS):
+                self._advance(alnum=True)
+            else:
+                break
+
+        self._add(
+            TokenType.VAR
+            if self.tokens and self.tokens[-1].token_type == TokenType.PARAMETER
+            else self.KEYWORDS.get(self._text.upper(), TokenType.VAR)
+        )
+
+    def _extract_string(
+        self,
+        delimiter: str,
+        escapes: t.Optional[t.Set[str]] = None,
+        raw_string: bool = False,
+        raise_unmatched: bool = True,
+    ) -> str:
+        text = ""
+        delim_size = len(delimiter)
+        escapes = self._STRING_ESCAPES if escapes is None else escapes
+
+        while True:
+            if (
+                not raw_string
+                and self.dialect.UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES
+                and self._peek
+                and self._char in self.STRING_ESCAPES
+            ):
+                unescaped_sequence = self.dialect.UNESCAPED_SEQUENCES.get(self._char + self._peek)
+                if unescaped_sequence:
+                    self._advance(2)
+                    text += unescaped_sequence
+                    continue
+            if (
+                (self.STRING_ESCAPES_ALLOWED_IN_RAW_STRINGS or not raw_string)
+                and self._char in escapes
+                and (self._peek == delimiter or self._peek in escapes)
+                and (self._char not in self._QUOTES or self._char == self._peek)
+            ):
+                if self._peek == delimiter:
+                    text += self._peek
+                else:
+                    text += self._char + self._peek
+
+                if self._current + 1 < self.size:
+                    self._advance(2)
+                else:
+                    raise TokenError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._current}")
+            else:
+                if self._chars(delim_size) == delimiter:
+                    if delim_size > 1:
+                        self._advance(delim_size - 1)
+                    break
+
+                if self._end:
+                    if not raise_unmatched:
+                        return text + self._char
+
+                    raise TokenError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._start}")
+
+                current = self._current - 1
+                self._advance(alnum=True)
+                text += self.sql[current : self._current - 1]
+
+        return text
+
+    def tokenize_rs(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
+        if not self._RS_TOKENIZER:
+            raise SqlglotError("Rust tokenizer is not available")
+
+        tokens, error_msg = self._RS_TOKENIZER.tokenize(sql, self._rs_dialect_settings)
+        for token in tokens:
+            token.token_type = _ALL_TOKEN_TYPES[token.token_type_index]
+
+        # Setting this here so partial token lists can be inspected even if there is a failure
+        self.tokens = tokens
+
+        if error_msg is not None:
+            raise TokenError(error_msg)
+
+        return tokens