alepha 0.14.1 → 0.14.3

package/src/server/cache/providers/ServerCacheProvider.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,942 @@
+import { Alepha } from "alepha";
+import { $action } from "alepha/server";
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, test } from "vitest";
+import { AlephaServerCache, ServerCacheProvider } from "../index.ts";
+
+class TestApp {
+  counter = 0;
+  private resetCounter = 0;
+
+  cachedAction = $action({
+    cache: true,
+    handler: () => `cached-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  uncachedAction = $action({
+    cache: false,
+    handler: () => `uncached-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  cachedWithCustomTtl = $action({
+    cache: { store: { ttl: 1000 } },
+    handler: () => `ttl-cached-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  asyncCachedAction = $action({
+    cache: true,
+    handler: async () => {
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10));
+      return `async-cached-${this.counter++}`;
+    },
+  });
+
+  etagOnlyAction = $action({
+    cache: { etag: true },
+    handler: () => `etag-only-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  etagAndCacheAction = $action({
+    cache: true,
+    handler: () => `etag-and-cache-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  dynamicContentAction = $action({
+    cache: { etag: true },
+    handler: () => `dynamic-${Date.now()}`,
+  });
+
+  cacheWithControlTrue = $action({
+    cache: { store: true, control: true },
+    handler: () => `control-true-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  cacheWithControlString = $action({
+    cache: { store: true, control: "public, max-age=600, immutable" },
+    handler: () => `control-string-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  cacheWithControlObject = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: 3600,
+        mustRevalidate: true,
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => `control-object-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  cacheWithComplexControl = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: {
+        ttl: [10, "minutes"],
+      },
+      etag: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: 600,
+        sMaxAge: 1200,
+        immutable: true,
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => `complex-control-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  cacheWithDurationMaxAge = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: [5, "minutes"],
+        sMaxAge: [1, "hour"],
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => `duration-maxage-${this.counter++}`,
+  });
+
+  cacheWith30Seconds = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: [30, "seconds"],
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => "test-30s",
+  });
+
+  cacheWith10Minutes = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: [10, "minutes"],
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => "test-10m",
+  });
+
+  cacheWith2Hours = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: [2, "hours"],
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => "test-2h",
+  });
+
+  cacheWith1Day = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: [1, "day"],
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => "test-1d",
+  });
+
+  cacheWithMixedMaxAge = $action({
+    cache: {
+      store: true,
+      control: {
+        public: true,
+        maxAge: 600, // number (seconds)
+        sMaxAge: [20, "minutes"], // DurationLike
+      },
+    },
+    handler: () => "mixed",
+  });
+
+  errorAction = $action({
+    cache: true,
+    handler: ({ reply }) => {
+      reply.status = 500;
+      return `error-${this.counter++}`;
+    },
+  });
+
+  notFoundAction = $action({
+    cache: true,
+    handler: ({ reply }) => {
+      reply.status = 404;
+      return `not-found-${this.counter++}`;
+    },
+  });
+
+  conditionalErrorAction = $action({
+    cache: true,
+    handler: ({ reply }) => {
+      if (this.counter === 0) {
+        reply.status = 500;
+        this.counter++;
+        return "error-0";
+      }
+      return `success-${this.counter++}`;
+    },
+  });
+
+  reset() {
+    this.counter = this.resetCounter++;
+  }
+}
+
+describe("ServerCacheProvider", () => {
+  let alepha: Alepha;
+  let app: TestApp;
+  let cacheProvider: ServerCacheProvider;
+
+  beforeEach(async () => {
+    alepha = Alepha.create().with(AlephaServerCache);
+    app = alepha.inject(TestApp);
+    cacheProvider = alepha.inject(ServerCacheProvider);
+    await alepha.start();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    await alepha?.stop();
+  });
+
+  describe("ETag support", () => {
+    test("should return 200 on first request and 304 on subsequent requests with same ETag", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const firstResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(firstResponse.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(firstResponse.data).toBe("cached-0");
+
+      const secondResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(secondResponse.status).toBe(304);
+      expect(secondResponse.data).toBe("cached-0");
+    });
+
+    test("should return fresh data after cache invalidation", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const firstResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(firstResponse.data).toBe("cached-0");
+
+      await cacheProvider.invalidate(app.cachedAction.route);
+
+      const afterInvalidation = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(afterInvalidation.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(afterInvalidation.data).toBe("cached-1");
+    });
+
+    test("should set etag property on route and handle caching correctly", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      // Make first request to trigger caching
+      const response = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response.data).toBe("cached-0");
+
+      // Subsequent request should return 304 (cached with etag check)
+      const cachedResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(cachedResponse.status).toBe(304);
+
+      // Cache invalidation should work
+      await cacheProvider.invalidate(app.cachedAction.route);
+      const afterInvalidation = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(afterInvalidation.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(afterInvalidation.data).toBe("cached-1");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Cache behavior", () => {
+    test("should cache responses for actions with cache: true", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+        const response1 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+        const response2 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+        expect(response1.data).toBe(response2.data);
+        app.reset();
+      }
+    });
+
+    test("should not cache responses for actions with cache: false", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+        const response1 = await app.uncachedAction.fetch();
+        const response2 = await app.uncachedAction.fetch();
+        expect(response1.data).not.toBe(response2.data);
+      }
+    });
+
+    test("should handle async cached actions correctly", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.asyncCachedAction.fetch();
+      const response2 = await app.asyncCachedAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("async-cached-0");
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("async-cached-0");
+      expect(response1.data).toBe(response2.data);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Cache invalidation", () => {
+    test("should invalidate cache using ServerCacheProvider.invalidate()", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const initialResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const cachedResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(initialResponse.data).toBe(cachedResponse.data);
+
+      await cacheProvider.invalidate(app.cachedAction.route);
+
+      const afterInvalidation = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(afterInvalidation.data).not.toBe(initialResponse.data);
+    });
+
+    test("should invalidate cache using action.invalidate() method", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const initialResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const cachedResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(initialResponse.data).toBe(cachedResponse.data);
+
+      await app.cachedAction.invalidate();
+
+      const afterInvalidation = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(afterInvalidation.data).not.toBe(initialResponse.data);
+    });
+
+    test("should not affect other cached actions when invalidating specific route", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const cachedResponse1 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const ttlCachedResponse1 = await app.cachedWithCustomTtl.fetch();
+
+      await cacheProvider.invalidate(app.cachedAction.route);
+
+      const cachedResponse2 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const ttlCachedResponse2 = await app.cachedWithCustomTtl.fetch();
+
+      expect(cachedResponse1.data).not.toBe(cachedResponse2.data);
+      expect(ttlCachedResponse1.data).toBe(ttlCachedResponse2.data);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Cache configuration", () => {
+    test("should respect custom TTL configuration", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.cachedWithCustomTtl.fetch();
+      const response2 = await app.cachedWithCustomTtl.fetch();
+
+      expect(response1.data).toBe(response2.data);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("ttl-cached-0");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Error handling", () => {
+    test("should handle invalidation of non-existent route gracefully", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      expect(async () => {
+        await cacheProvider.invalidate("non-existent-route" as any);
+      }).not.toThrow();
+    });
+
+    test("should handle multiple concurrent cache requests correctly", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const promises = Array.from({ length: 10 }, () =>
+        app.cachedAction.fetch(),
+      );
+      const responses = await Promise.all(promises);
+
+      const firstData = responses[0].data;
+      for (const response of responses) {
+        expect(response.data).toBe(firstData);
+      }
+    });
+
+    test("should handle cache invalidation during concurrent requests", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const initialResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+
+      const concurrentPromises = [
+        app.cachedAction.fetch(),
+        app.cachedAction.fetch(),
+      ];
+
+      const [cachedResponse1, cachedResponse2] =
+        await Promise.all(concurrentPromises);
+
+      expect(cachedResponse1.data).toBe(initialResponse.data);
+      expect(cachedResponse2.data).toBe(initialResponse.data);
+
+      await cacheProvider.invalidate(app.cachedAction.route);
+
+      const finalResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(finalResponse.data).not.toBe(initialResponse.data);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Provider lifecycle", () => {
+    test("should maintain cache state across multiple requests", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const responses = [];
+      for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+        responses.push(await app.cachedAction.fetch());
+      }
+
+      const firstData = responses[0].data;
+      for (const response of responses) {
+        expect(response.data).toBe(firstData);
+      }
+    });
+
+    test("should clear cache when application stops and restarts", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      await alepha.stop();
+
+      alepha = Alepha.create().with(AlephaServerCache);
+      app = alepha.inject(TestApp);
+      await alepha.start();
+
+      const afterRestartResponse = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(afterRestartResponse.data).toBe("cached-0");
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("ETag-only support (without cache)", () => {
+    test("should generate and return ETag header for etag-only routes", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response.data).toBe("etag-only-0");
+      expect(response.headers.get("etag")).toBeDefined();
+      expect(response.headers.get("last-modified")).toBeDefined();
+    });
+
+    test("should return 304 when client sends matching ETag", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const firstResponse = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      const etag = firstResponse.headers.get("etag");
+
+      expect(firstResponse.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(firstResponse.data).toBe("etag-only-0");
+      expect(etag).toBeDefined();
+
+      // Send request with If-None-Match header
+      const secondResponse = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch({
+        headers: { "if-none-match": etag! },
+      });
+
+      expect(secondResponse.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(secondResponse.data).toBe("etag-only-1");
+    });
+
+    test("should NOT cache responses for etag-only routes", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      const response2 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+
+      // Counter should increment because responses are NOT cached
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("etag-only-0");
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("etag-only-1");
+
+      // But both should have different ETags
+      expect(response1.headers.get("etag")).not.toBe(
+        response2.headers.get("etag"),
+      );
+    });
+
+    test("should return 200 with new content when ETag doesn't match", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const firstResponse = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      expect(firstResponse.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(firstResponse.data).toBe("etag-only-0");
+
+      // Send request with wrong ETag
+      const secondResponse = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch({
+        headers: { "if-none-match": '"wrong-etag"' },
+      });
+
+      expect(secondResponse.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(secondResponse.data).toBe("etag-only-1");
+    });
+
+    test("should handle dynamic content with ETags correctly", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.dynamicContentAction.fetch();
+      const etag1 = response1.headers.get("etag");
+
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(etag1).toBeDefined();
+
+      // Wait a bit to ensure timestamp changes
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10));
+
+      const response2 = await app.dynamicContentAction.fetch();
+      const etag2 = response2.headers.get("etag");
+
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(etag2).toBeDefined();
+
+      // ETags should be different because content is dynamic
+      expect(etag1).not.toBe(etag2);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("ETag with cache combined", () => {
+    test("should support both caching and ETag validation", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.etagAndCacheAction.fetch();
+      const etag1 = response1.headers.get("etag");
+
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("etag-and-cache-0");
+      expect(etag1).toBeDefined();
+
+      // Second request should return cached content with 304
+      const response2 = await app.etagAndCacheAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(304);
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("etag-and-cache-0");
+    });
+
+    test("should return cached content even without ETag header", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.etagAndCacheAction.fetch();
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("etag-and-cache-0");
+
+      // Request without ETag should still get cached response
+      const response2 = await app.etagAndCacheAction.fetch({
+        headers: {
+          "if-none-match": "non-matching-etag",
+        },
+      });
+
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("etag-and-cache-0");
+    });
+
+    test("should invalidate both cache and ETag when cache is cleared", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.etagAndCacheAction.fetch();
+      const etag1 = response1.headers.get("etag");
+
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("etag-and-cache-0");
+
+      // Invalidate cache
+      await cacheProvider.invalidate(app.etagAndCacheAction.route);
+
+      // Next request should generate new content and new ETag
+      const response2 = await app.etagAndCacheAction.fetch();
+      const etag2 = response2.headers.get("etag");
+
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("etag-and-cache-1");
+      expect(etag2).toBeDefined();
+      expect(etag1).not.toBe(etag2);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("ETag header validation", () => {
+    test("should generate consistent ETags for same content", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const etag1 = response1.headers.get("etag");
+
+      const response2 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const etag2 = response2.headers.get("etag");
+
+      // Same content should produce same ETag
+      expect(etag1).toBe(etag2);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe(response2.data);
+    });
+
+    test("should generate different ETags for different content", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      const etag1 = response1.headers.get("etag");
+
+      const response2 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      const etag2 = response2.headers.get("etag");
+
+      // Different content should produce different ETags
+      expect(response1.data).not.toBe(response2.data);
+      expect(etag1).not.toBe(etag2);
+    });
+
+    test("should set Last-Modified header with ETag", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const response = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.headers.get("etag")).toBeDefined();
+      expect(response.headers.get("last-modified")).toBeDefined();
+
+      // Verify it's a valid ISO date string
+      const lastModified = response.headers.get("last-modified");
+      expect(() => new Date(lastModified!)).not.toThrow();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Mixed scenarios", () => {
+    test("should handle routes with different cache/etag configurations independently", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      // Cached action
+      const cached1 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const cached2 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(cached1.data).toBe(cached2.data);
+
+      // Uncached action
+      const uncached1 = await app.uncachedAction.fetch();
+      const uncached2 = await app.uncachedAction.fetch();
+      expect(uncached1.data).not.toBe(uncached2.data);
+
+      // ETag-only action
+      const etag1 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      const etag2 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      expect(etag1.data).not.toBe(etag2.data);
+
+      // All should have their own independent state
+      expect(cached1.data).toContain("cached");
+      expect(uncached1.data).toContain("uncached");
+      expect(etag1.data).toContain("etag-only");
+    });
+
+    test("should not interfere with each other's ETags", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.etagOnlyAction.fetch();
+      const etag1 = response1.headers.get("etag");
+
+      const response2 = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+      const etag2 = response2.headers.get("etag");
+
+      // Different actions should have different ETags
+      expect(etag1).not.toBe(etag2);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Cache-Control header support", () => {
+    test("should set Cache-Control header when control: true", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.cacheWithControlTrue.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response.headers.get("cache-control")).toBe("public, max-age=300");
+    });
+
+    test("should set Cache-Control header with custom string value", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.cacheWithControlString.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response.headers.get("cache-control")).toBe(
+        "public, max-age=600, immutable",
+      );
+    });
+
+    test("should build Cache-Control header from object directives", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.cacheWithControlObject.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("public");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=3600");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("must-revalidate");
+    });
+
+    test("should support complex Cache-Control with multiple directives", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.cacheWithComplexControl.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("public");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=600");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("s-maxage=1200");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("immutable");
+    });
+
+    test("should not set Cache-Control when cache is true without control option", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.cachedAction.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(response.headers.get("cache-control")).toBeNull();
+    });
+
+    test("should cache responses with Cache-Control headers", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.cacheWithControlObject.fetch();
+      const response2 = await app.cacheWithControlObject.fetch();
+
+      expect(response1.data).toBe(response2.data);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("control-object-0");
+    });
+
+    test("should support private cache directive", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const alepha = Alepha.create().with(AlephaServerCache);
+      const privateAction = alepha.inject(
+        class TestPrivateCache {
+          action = $action({
+            cache: {
+              store: true,
+              control: {
+                private: true,
+                maxAge: 300,
+              },
+            },
+            handler: () => "private-cache",
+          });
+        },
+      ).action;
+      await alepha.start();
+
+      const response = await privateAction.fetch();
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("private");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=300");
+      expect(cacheControl).not.toContain("public");
+    });
+
+    test("should support no-cache and no-store directives", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const alepha = Alepha.create().with(AlephaServerCache);
+      const noCacheAction = alepha.inject(
+        class TestNoCache {
+          action = $action({
+            cache: {
+              store: true,
+              control: {
+                noCache: true,
+                noStore: true,
+              },
+            },
+            handler: () => "no-cache",
+          });
+        },
+      ).action;
+      await alepha.start();
+
+      const response = await noCacheAction.fetch();
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("no-cache");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("no-store");
+    });
+
+    test("should support proxy-revalidate directive", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const alepha = Alepha.create().with(AlephaServerCache);
+      const proxyAction = alepha.inject(
+        class TestProxyRevalidate {
+          action = $action({
+            cache: {
+              store: true,
+              control: {
+                public: true,
+                proxyRevalidate: true,
+                maxAge: 600,
+              },
+            },
+            handler: () => "proxy-revalidate",
+          });
+        },
+      ).action;
+      await alepha.start();
+
+      const response = await proxyAction.fetch();
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("public");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("proxy-revalidate");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=600");
+    });
+
+    test("should support s-maxage for shared cache control", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const alepha = Alepha.create().with(AlephaServerCache);
+      const sharedCacheAction = alepha.inject(
+        class TestSharedCache {
+          action = $action({
+            cache: {
+              store: true,
+              control: {
+                public: true,
+                maxAge: 300,
+                sMaxAge: 600,
+              },
+            },
+            handler: () => "shared-cache",
+          });
+        },
+      ).action;
+      await alepha.start();
+
+      const response = await sharedCacheAction.fetch();
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("public");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=300");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("s-maxage=600");
+    });
+
+    test("should support DurationLike for maxAge and sMaxAge", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const response = await app.cacheWithDurationMaxAge.fetch();
+
+      expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+      const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control");
+
+      // 5 minutes = 300 seconds, 1 hour = 3600 seconds
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("public");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=300");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("s-maxage=3600");
+    });
+
+    test("should handle various DurationLike formats for maxAge", ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      // Test directly via buildCacheControlHeader method
+      expect(
+        cacheProvider.buildCacheControlHeader({
+          control: { public: true, maxAge: [30, "seconds"] },
+        }),
+      ).toContain("max-age=30");
+
+      expect(
+        cacheProvider.buildCacheControlHeader({
+          control: { public: true, maxAge: [10, "minutes"] },
+        }),
+      ).toContain("max-age=600");
+
+      expect(
+        cacheProvider.buildCacheControlHeader({
+          control: { public: true, maxAge: [2, "hours"] },
+        }),
+      ).toContain("max-age=7200");
+
+      expect(
+        cacheProvider.buildCacheControlHeader({
+          control: { public: true, maxAge: [1, "day"] },
+        }),
+      ).toContain("max-age=86400");
+    });
+
+    test("should mix number and DurationLike for maxAge and sMaxAge", ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      const cacheControl = cacheProvider.buildCacheControlHeader({
+        control: {
+          public: true,
+          maxAge: 600, // number (seconds)
+          sMaxAge: [20, "minutes"], // DurationLike
+        },
+      });
+
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("max-age=600");
+      expect(cacheControl).toContain("s-maxage=1200"); // 20 minutes = 1200 seconds
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("Error response caching", () => {
+    test("should NOT cache 500 error responses", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.errorAction.fetch();
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(500);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("error-0");
+
+      // Second request should execute handler again (not cached)
+      const response2 = await app.errorAction.fetch();
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(500);
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("error-1");
+
+      // Verify counter incremented (handler was called)
+      expect(response1.data).not.toBe(response2.data);
+    });
+
+    test("should NOT cache 404 error responses", async ({ expect }) => {
+      const response1 = await app.notFoundAction.fetch();
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(404);
+      expect(response1.data).toBe("not-found-0");
+
+      // Second request should execute handler again (not cached)
+      const response2 = await app.notFoundAction.fetch();
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(404);
+      expect(response2.data).toBe("not-found-1");
+
+      // Verify counter incremented (handler was called)
+      expect(response1.data).not.toBe(response2.data);
+    });
+
+    test("should cache successful responses after error responses", async ({
+      expect,
+    }) => {
+      // First request returns 500 error
+      const errorResponse = await app.conditionalErrorAction.fetch();
+      expect(errorResponse.status).toBe(500);
+      expect(errorResponse.data).toBe("error-0");
+
+      // Second request returns success and should be cached
+      const successResponse1 = await app.conditionalErrorAction.fetch();
+      expect(successResponse1.status).toBe(200);
+      expect(successResponse1.data).toBe("success-1");
+
+      // Third request should return cached response
+      const successResponse2 = await app.conditionalErrorAction.fetch();
+      expect(successResponse2.status).toBe(304);
+      expect(successResponse2.data).toBe("success-1");
+    });
+
+    test("should NOT cache 4xx client errors", async ({ expect }) => {
+      // Test with 400 Bad Request
+      const alepha = Alepha.create();
+      const badRequestAction = alepha.inject(
+        class TestBadRequest {
+          action = $action({
+            cache: true,
+            handler: ({ reply }) => {
+              reply.status = 400;
+              return `bad-request-${app.counter++}`;
+            },
+          });
+        },
+      ).action;
+      await alepha.start();
+
+      const response1 = await badRequestAction.fetch();
+      expect(response1.status).toBe(400);
+
+      const response2 = await badRequestAction.fetch();
+      expect(response2.status).toBe(400);
+
+      // Verify responses are different (not cached)
+      expect(response1.data).not.toBe(response2.data);
+    });
+  });
+});