alchemy 2.0.0-beta.4 → 2.0.0-beta.41

package/src/Apply.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import * as Cause from "effect/Cause";
 import * as Deferred from "effect/Deferred";
 import * as Effect from "effect/Effect";
 import * as Option from "effect/Option";
@@ -20,23 +21,34 @@ import { toFqn } from "./FQN.ts";
 import type { Input } from "./Input.ts";
 import { generateInstanceId, InstanceId } from "./InstanceId.ts";
 import * as Output from "./Output.ts";
-import { type Apply, type Delete, type Plan } from "./Plan.ts";
+import {
+  type ActionApply,
+  type Apply,
+  type Delete,
+  type Plan,
+} from "./Plan.ts";
 import { findProviderByType } from "./Provider.ts";
 import type { ResourceBinding } from "./Resource.ts";
 import { Stack } from "./Stack.ts";
 import { Stage } from "./Stage.ts";
 import {
+  type ActionState,
   type CreatedResourceState,
   type CreatingResourceState,
   type DeletingResourceState,
+  type PersistedState,
+  type RanActionState,
   type ReplacedResourceState,
   type ReplacingResourceState,
   type ResourceState,
+  type RunningActionState,
   type UpdatedResourceState,
   type UpdatingReourceState,
   State,
   StateStoreError,
 } from "./State/index.ts";
+import { type ResourceOp, recordResourceOp } from "./Telemetry/Metrics.ts";
+import { hashInput } from "./Util/hash.ts";
 
 export type ApplyEffect<
   P extends Plan,
@@ -81,6 +93,41 @@ const provideLifecycleScope =
       ),
     ) as Effect.Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, InstanceId | Artifacts>>;
 
+/**
+ * Instruments a single provider lifecycle call with an OTel span
+ * (`provider.<op>`), the resource counter / duration histogram, and the
+ * scoped artifacts/instance services normally supplied by
+ * {@link provideLifecycleScope}.
+ *
+ * This is the only call site through which provider lifecycle methods
+ * are dispatched, so wrapping it here gives us a fully-instrumented
+ * toolchain without touching any individual provider implementation.
+ */
+const instrumentLifecycle =
+  (
+    op: ResourceOp,
+    fqn: string,
+    resourceType: string,
+    logicalId: string,
+    instanceId: string,
+  ) =>
+  <A, E, R>(
+    effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
+  ): Effect.Effect<A, E, Exclude<R, InstanceId | Artifacts>> =>
+    effect.pipe(
+      provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId),
+      recordResourceOp(resourceType, op),
+      Effect.withSpan(`provider.${op}`, {
+        attributes: {
+          "alchemy.resource.fqn": fqn,
+          "alchemy.resource.type": resourceType,
+          "alchemy.resource.logical_id": logicalId,
+          "alchemy.resource.instance_id": instanceId,
+          "alchemy.resource.op": op,
+        },
+      }),
+    );
+
 export const apply = <P extends Plan>(
   plan: P,
 ): Effect.Effect<
@@ -88,68 +135,81 @@ export const apply = <P extends Plan>(
   Output.InvalidReferenceError | Output.MissingSourceError | StateStoreError,
   Cli | State | Stack | Stage
 > =>
-  ensureArtifactStore(
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const cli = yield* Cli;
-      const session = yield* cli.startApplySession(plan);
-      const state = yield* State;
-      const stack = yield* Stack;
-      const stage = yield* Stage;
-      const stackName = stack.name;
-
-      const tracker: Record<string, ResourceTracker> = {};
-      const terminalStatuses = new Map<
-        string,
-        {
-          id: string;
-          type: string;
-          status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated">;
-        }
-      >();
-
-      yield* executePlan(
-        plan,
-        tracker,
-        terminalStatuses,
-        session,
-        state,
-        stackName,
-        stage,
-      );
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const cli = yield* Cli;
+    const session = yield* cli.startApplySession(plan);
+    const state = yield* State;
+    const stack = yield* Stack;
+    const stage = yield* Stage;
+    const stackName = stack.name;
+
+    const tracker: Record<string, ResourceTracker> = {};
+    const terminalStatuses = new Map<
+      string,
+      {
+        id: string;
+        type: string;
+        status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated" | "ran" | "skipped">;
+      }
+    >();
+
+    yield* executePlan(
+      plan,
+      tracker,
+      terminalStatuses,
+      session,
+      state,
+      stackName,
+      stage,
+    );
 
-      // TODO(sam): support roll back to previous state if errors occur during expansion
-      // -> RISK: some UPDATEs may not be reversible (i.e. trigger replacements)
-      // TODO(sam): should pivot be done separately? E.g shift traffic?
+    // TODO(sam): support roll back to previous state if errors occur during expansion
+    // -> RISK: some UPDATEs may not be reversible (i.e. trigger replacements)
+    // TODO(sam): should pivot be done separately? E.g shift traffic?
 
-      yield* collectGarbage(plan, session);
+    yield* collectGarbage(plan, session);
 
-      yield* converge(
-        plan,
-        tracker,
-        terminalStatuses,
-        session,
-        state,
-        stackName,
-        stage,
-      );
+    yield* converge(
+      plan,
+      tracker,
+      terminalStatuses,
+      session,
+      state,
+      stackName,
+      stage,
+    );
 
-      yield* Effect.forEach(
-        Array.from(terminalStatuses.values()),
-        ({ id, type, status }) =>
-          session.emit({ kind: "status-change", id, type, status }),
-        { concurrency: "unbounded" },
-      );
+    yield* Effect.forEach(
+      Array.from(terminalStatuses.values()),
+      ({ id, type, status }) =>
+        session.emit({ kind: "status-change", id, type, status }),
+      { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+    );
 
-      yield* session.done();
+    yield* session.done();
 
-      if (!plan.output) {
-        return undefined;
-      }
+    if (!plan.output) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
 
-      const outputs = Object.fromEntries(
-        Object.entries(tracker).map(([fqn, t]) => [fqn, t.output]),
-      );
-      return yield* Output.evaluate(plan.output, outputs);
+    const outputs = Object.fromEntries(
+      Object.entries(tracker).map(([fqn, t]) => [fqn, t.output]),
+    );
+    const resolved = yield* Output.evaluate(plan.output, outputs);
+
+    // Persist the stack's evaluated outputs so cross-stack references
+    // (`yield* OtherStack` / `OtherStack.stage.<name>` / `Output.stackRef`)
+    // can read them back out of the state store.
+    yield* state.setOutput({ stack: stackName, stage, value: resolved });
+
+    return resolved;
+  }).pipe(
+    ensureArtifactStore,
+    Effect.withSpan("apply", {
+      attributes: {
+        "alchemy.resources.count": Object.keys(plan.resources).length,
+        "alchemy.deletions.count": Object.keys(plan.deletions).length,
+      },
     }),
   );
 
@@ -168,12 +228,12 @@ const executePlan = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
     {
       id: string;
       type: string;
-      status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated">;
+      status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated" | "ran" | "skipped">;
     }
   >,
   session: PlanStatusSession,
   state: {
-    set: <V extends ResourceState>(req: {
+    set: <V extends PersistedState>(req: {
       stack: string;
       stage: string;
       fqn: string;
@@ -183,9 +243,29 @@ const executePlan = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
   stackName: string,
   stage: string,
 ) {
+  // Resources and tasks share the same FQN namespace and DAG, so the
+  // scheduler tracks them together. Each entry gets a single Deferred that
+  // signals "my output is available in `tracker`."
+  const allNodes: Record<string, Apply | ActionApply> = {
+    ...plan.resources,
+    ...plan.actions,
+  };
+
   const ready = Object.fromEntries(
     yield* Effect.all(
-      Object.keys(plan.resources).map((fqn) =>
+      Object.keys(allNodes).map((fqn) =>
+        Effect.map(Deferred.make<void>(), (d) => [fqn, d] as const),
+      ),
+    ),
+  ) as Record<string, Deferred.Deferred<void>>;
+
+  // `readyStable` fires only when a node has reached its TERMINAL output —
+  // resources after `reconcile`, tasks after the body completes. Resource
+  // precreate stubs do NOT signal `readyStable`, so any consumer that
+  // requires stable inputs (e.g. Tasks) waits past the precreate phase.
+  const readyStable = Object.fromEntries(
+    yield* Effect.all(
+      Object.keys(allNodes).map((fqn) =>
         Effect.map(Deferred.make<void>(), (d) => [fqn, d] as const),
       ),
     ),
@@ -204,31 +284,75 @@ const executePlan = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
       { concurrency: "unbounded" },
     );
 
+  const waitForStableDeps = (fqns: string[]) =>
+    Effect.all(
+      fqns
+        .filter((fqn) => fqn in readyStable)
+        .map((fqn) => Deferred.await(readyStable[fqn])),
+      { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+    );
+
+  const failures: LifecycleFailure[] = [];
+
   yield* Effect.all(
-    Object.entries(plan.resources).map(([fqn, node]) =>
-      executeNode(
-        fqn,
-        node,
-        tracker,
-        ready,
-        terminalStatuses,
-        session,
-        state,
-        stackName,
-        stage,
-        getOutputs,
-        waitForDeps,
-      ),
+    Object.entries(allNodes).map(([fqn, node]) =>
+      (node as ActionApply).kind === "action"
+        ? executeActionNode(
+            fqn,
+            node as ActionApply,
+            tracker,
+            ready,
+            readyStable,
+            terminalStatuses,
+            session,
+            state,
+            stackName,
+            stage,
+            getOutputs,
+            waitForStableDeps,
+            failures,
+          )
+        : executeNode(
+            fqn,
+            node as Apply,
+            tracker,
+            ready,
+            readyStable,
+            terminalStatuses as any,
+            session,
+            state,
+            stackName,
+            stage,
+            getOutputs,
+            waitForDeps,
+            failures,
+            plan.cycleMembers.has(fqn),
+          ),
     ),
     { concurrency: "unbounded" },
   );
+
+  if (failures.length > 0) {
+    // Aggregate every collected lifecycle failure into a single parallel Cause
+    // so the apply ends with one combined error containing every distinct
+    // failure / defect that occurred across the concurrent fibers.
+    yield* Effect.failCause(failures.map((f) => f.cause).reduce(Cause.combine));
+  }
 });
 
+interface LifecycleFailure {
+  fqn: string;
+  logicalId: string;
+  type: string;
+  cause: Cause.Cause<unknown>;
+}
+
 const executeNode = (
   fqn: string,
   node: Apply,
   tracker: Record<string, ResourceTracker>,
   ready: Record<string, Deferred.Deferred<void>>,
+  readyStable: Record<string, Deferred.Deferred<void>>,
   terminalStatuses: Map<
     string,
     {
@@ -250,6 +374,8 @@ const executeNode = (
   stage: string,
   getOutputs: () => Record<string, any>,
   waitForDeps: (fqns: string[]) => Effect.Effect<void[], never, never>,
+  failures: LifecycleFailure[],
+  inCycle: boolean,
 ): Effect.Effect<void, never, never> =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const logicalId = node.resource.LogicalId;
@@ -278,15 +404,38 @@ const executeNode = (
       });
 
     const markTerminal = (status: "created" | "updated") =>
-      Effect.sync(() => {
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
         terminalStatuses.set(fqn, {
           id: logicalId,
           type: node.resource.Type,
           status,
         });
+        // Emit immediately so the CLI surfaces the terminal status as soon
+        // as the resource is actually done — instead of batching every
+        // resource's "created"/"updated" event to the end of apply(), which
+        // makes long-running siblings appear stuck in "creating" until the
+        // entire deploy finishes.
+        //
+        // Cycle members are exempt: their initial pass produces an
+        // intermediate result that Phase 3 (`converge`) will overwrite once
+        // the SCC reaches a fixed point. Emitting "created"/"updated" here
+        // would surface that intermediate state to the CLI before the real
+        // terminal status is known. Their final status is flushed from
+        // `terminalStatuses` after `converge` completes.
+        if (inCycle) return;
+        yield* session.emit({
+          kind: "status-change",
+          id: logicalId,
+          type: node.resource.Type,
+          status,
+        });
       });
 
     const signalReady = Deferred.succeed(ready[fqn], void 0);
+    // Signal only after reconcile completes — never during precreate. Tasks
+    // (and any other consumer that calls `waitForStableDeps`) block on this
+    // so they observe the resource's final attrs rather than a stub.
+    const signalReadyStable = Deferred.succeed(readyStable[fqn], void 0);
 
     const storeAndSignal = (t: ResourceTracker) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -297,6 +446,8 @@ const executeNode = (
     // ── noop ──
 
     if (node.action === "noop") {
+      // No work to do — the persisted attr is already stable.
+      yield* signalReadyStable;
       yield* storeAndSignal({
         output: node.state.attr,
         props: node.state.props,
@@ -413,7 +564,15 @@ const executeNode = (
               instanceId,
               bindings: excludeDeletedBindings(node.bindings),
             })
-            .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+            .pipe(
+              instrumentLifecycle(
+                "precreate",
+                fqn,
+                node.resource.Type,
+                logicalId,
+                instanceId,
+              ),
+            );
           yield* commit<CreatingResourceState>({
             status: "creating",
             fqn,
@@ -435,11 +594,16 @@ const executeNode = (
           });
         }
 
-        yield* report("creating");
+        // While we're waiting on upstream outputs the resource isn't actually
+        // creating anything yet — surface that as "pending" so the CLI doesn't
+        // look stuck in "creating" for slow-upstream deploys.
+        yield* report("pending");
 
         // Create runs against fully resolved upstream outputs and bindings, not the
         // raw Output expressions stored in the plan.
         yield* waitForDeps(allUpstreamFqns());
+
+        yield* report("creating");
         const outputs = getOutputs();
 
         const news = (yield* Output.evaluate(node.props, outputs)) as Record<
@@ -452,15 +616,24 @@ const executeNode = (
         );
 
         attr = yield* node.provider
-          .create({
+          .reconcile({
             id: logicalId,
             news,
             instanceId,
             bindings: bindingOutputs,
             session: scopedSession,
+            olds: undefined,
             output: attr,
           })
-          .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+          .pipe(
+            instrumentLifecycle(
+              "create",
+              fqn,
+              node.resource.Type,
+              logicalId,
+              instanceId,
+            ),
+          );
 
         yield* commit<CreatedResourceState>({
           status: "created",
@@ -483,6 +656,7 @@ const executeNode = (
           instanceId,
         };
         yield* signalReady;
+        yield* signalReadyStable;
 
         yield* markTerminal("created");
         return;
@@ -490,15 +664,30 @@ const executeNode = (
 
       // ── update ──
       if (node.action === "update") {
-        // Updates always begin by exposing the currently live output so downstream
-        // resources can continue to resolve references during the update pass.
-        yield* storeAndSignal({
-          output: node.state.attr,
-          props: node.state.props,
-          bindings: node.state.bindings ?? [],
-          instanceId,
-        });
+        // Cycle members publish their previous live attr *before* waiting on
+        // upstreams so the SCC can converge — peers in the cycle would
+        // otherwise deadlock waiting on each other. Phase 3 (`converge`)
+        // re-runs each peer's update against fresh outputs once everyone
+        // has settled.
+        //
+        // Linear (DAG) update nodes skip this entirely and simply wait for
+        // fresh upstream outputs, mirroring the create flow. This is the
+        // important property: a downstream of a non-cycle update never
+        // observes the upstream's stale attr, which prevents wasted/
+        // destructive intermediate updates (e.g. a Worker deploying with
+        // stale Build assets).
+        if (inCycle) {
+          yield* storeAndSignal({
+            output: node.state.attr,
+            props: node.state.props,
+            bindings: node.state.bindings ?? [],
+            instanceId,
+          });
+        }
 
+        // See create-flow note: while we're waiting on upstream outputs
+        // this resource isn't actually updating yet.
+        yield* report("pending");
         yield* waitForDeps(allUpstreamFqns());
         const outputs = getOutputs();
 
@@ -549,17 +738,24 @@ const executeNode = (
         );
 
         const attr = yield* node.provider
-          .update({
+          .reconcile({
             id: logicalId,
             news,
             instanceId,
             bindings: bindingOutputs,
             session: scopedSession,
             olds: previousProps,
-            // @ts-expect-error - type system says this can be undefined, can it be?
             output: node.state.attr,
           })
-          .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+          .pipe(
+            instrumentLifecycle(
+              "update",
+              fqn,
+              node.resource.Type,
+              logicalId,
+              instanceId,
+            ),
+          );
 
         if (node.state.status === "replaced") {
           yield* commit<ReplacedResourceState>({
@@ -591,6 +787,11 @@ const executeNode = (
           bindings: bindingOutputs,
           instanceId,
         };
+        // Signal here for the linear (non-cycle) path. For in-cycle updates
+        // the deferred has already been resolved by the early `storeAndSignal`
+        // above and `signalReady` is a no-op the second time.
+        yield* signalReady;
+        yield* signalReadyStable;
 
         yield* markTerminal("updated");
         return;
@@ -608,6 +809,7 @@ const executeNode = (
             instanceId,
           };
           yield* signalReady;
+          yield* signalReadyStable;
           yield* markTerminal("created");
           return;
         }
@@ -659,7 +861,15 @@ const executeNode = (
               instanceId,
               bindings: excludeDeletedBindings(node.bindings),
             })
-            .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+            .pipe(
+              instrumentLifecycle(
+                "precreate",
+                fqn,
+                node.resource.Type,
+                logicalId,
+                instanceId,
+              ),
+            );
           yield* commit<ReplacingResourceState>({
             status: "replacing",
             fqn,
@@ -683,11 +893,15 @@ const executeNode = (
           });
         }
 
-        yield* report("creating replacement");
+        // See create-flow note: while we're waiting on upstream outputs
+        // the replacement isn't actually being created yet.
+        yield* report("pending");
 
         // Replacement create is evaluated exactly like create, but against the new
         // generation's instance id and with the previous generations preserved in `old`.
         yield* waitForDeps(allUpstreamFqns());
+
+        yield* report("creating replacement");
         const outputs = getOutputs();
 
         const news = (yield* Output.evaluate(node.props, outputs)) as Record<
@@ -700,15 +914,24 @@ const executeNode = (
         );
 
         attr = yield* node.provider
-          .create({
+          .reconcile({
             id: logicalId,
             news,
             instanceId,
             bindings: bindingOutputs,
             session: scopedSession,
+            olds: undefined,
             output: attr,
           })
-          .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+          .pipe(
+            instrumentLifecycle(
+              "create",
+              fqn,
+              node.resource.Type,
+              logicalId,
+              instanceId,
+            ),
+          );
 
         yield* commit<ReplacedResourceState>({
           // Creation of the new generation succeeded; from here on the only remaining
@@ -737,6 +960,7 @@ const executeNode = (
           instanceId,
         };
         yield* signalReady;
+        yield* signalReadyStable;
 
         // Keep progress anchored to the live replacement while GC drains the
         // previous generation(s) in the background.
@@ -747,14 +971,215 @@ const executeNode = (
       // @ts-expect-error - node is never, this should be unreachable
       return yield* Effect.die(`Unknown action: ${node.action}`);
     });
-  }) as Effect.Effect<void, never, never>;
+  }).pipe(
+    Effect.catchCause((cause) =>
+      // Record the failure, propagate it to any downstream resources waiting on
+      // our Deferred (so their waitForDeps short-circuits instead of deadlocking),
+      // emit a "fail" status to the session, and resolve to void so Effect.all
+      // does not interrupt sibling fibers. The aggregated cause is raised at
+      // the end of executePlan.
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        failures.push({
+          fqn,
+          logicalId: node.resource.LogicalId,
+          type: node.resource.Type,
+          cause,
+        });
+        yield* Deferred.failCause(ready[fqn], cause as Cause.Cause<never>);
+        yield* Deferred.failCause(
+          readyStable[fqn],
+          cause as Cause.Cause<never>,
+        );
+        yield* session.emit({
+          kind: "status-change",
+          id: node.resource.LogicalId,
+          type: node.resource.Type,
+          status: "fail",
+        });
+      }),
+    ),
+    Effect.withSpan("apply.resource", {
+      attributes: {
+        "alchemy.resource.fqn": fqn,
+        "alchemy.resource.type": node.resource.Type,
+        "alchemy.resource.logical_id": node.resource.LogicalId,
+        "alchemy.resource.action": node.action,
+      },
+    }),
+  ) as Effect.Effect<void, never, never>;
+
+// ── Task execution ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// Tasks slot into the same scheduler as resources. They have no provider
+// lifecycle — just a single Effect that runs when inputs change (or when
+// `--force` is set). The output value is written to `tracker[fqn].output`
+// so downstream Output evaluation works identically to resource attrs.
+
+const executeActionNode = (
+  fqn: string,
+  node: ActionApply,
+  tracker: Record<string, ResourceTracker>,
+  ready: Record<string, Deferred.Deferred<void>>,
+  readyStable: Record<string, Deferred.Deferred<void>>,
+  terminalStatuses: Map<
+    string,
+    {
+      id: string;
+      type: string;
+      status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated" | "ran" | "skipped">;
+    }
+  >,
+  session: PlanStatusSession,
+  state: {
+    set: <V extends PersistedState>(req: {
+      stack: string;
+      stage: string;
+      fqn: string;
+      value: V;
+    }) => Effect.Effect<V, StateStoreError, never>;
+  },
+  stackName: string,
+  stage: string,
+  getOutputs: () => Record<string, any>,
+  waitForDeps: (fqns: string[]) => Effect.Effect<void[], never, never>,
+  failures: LifecycleFailure[],
+): Effect.Effect<void, never, any> =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const task = node.def;
+    const logicalId = task.LogicalId;
+    const namespace = task.Namespace;
+
+    const commit = <S extends ActionState>(value: Omit<S, "namespace">) =>
+      state.set({
+        stack: stackName,
+        stage,
+        fqn,
+        value: { ...value, namespace } as S,
+      });
+
+    const report = (status: ApplyStatus) =>
+      session.emit({
+        kind: "status-change",
+        id: logicalId,
+        type: task.Type,
+        status,
+      });
+
+    const signalReady = Deferred.succeed(ready[fqn], void 0);
+    const signalReadyStable = Deferred.succeed(readyStable[fqn], void 0);
+
+    if (node.action === "noop") {
+      tracker[fqn] = {
+        output: node.state.output,
+        props: { __input: node.state.input },
+        bindings: [],
+        instanceId: fqn,
+      };
+      yield* signalReady;
+      yield* signalReadyStable;
+      terminalStatuses.set(fqn, {
+        id: logicalId,
+        type: task.Type,
+        status: "skipped",
+      });
+      yield* report("skipped");
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // ── run ──
+    // Tasks wait on `waitForStableDeps` (post-reconcile attrs) for their
+    // upstreams, which is often the slowest dep chain in the deploy.
+    // Surface that as "pending" instead of having the task show no status
+    // until its run actually starts.
+    yield* report("pending");
+    yield* waitForDeps(
+      Object.keys(Output.resolveUpstream(node.input)).filter(
+        (f) => f in readyStable,
+      ),
+    );
+
+    const outputs = getOutputs();
+    const resolvedInput = (yield* Output.evaluate(node.input, outputs)) as any;
+    const inputHashValue = yield* hashInput(resolvedInput);
+
+    yield* commit<RunningActionState>({
+      kind: "action",
+      status: "running",
+      fqn,
+      logicalId,
+      actionType: task.Type,
+      inputHash: inputHashValue,
+      input: resolvedInput,
+      downstream: node.downstream,
+    });
+    yield* report("running");
+
+    const result = yield* task.Run(resolvedInput);
+
+    yield* commit<RanActionState>({
+      kind: "action",
+      status: "ran",
+      fqn,
+      logicalId,
+      actionType: task.Type,
+      inputHash: inputHashValue,
+      input: resolvedInput,
+      output: result,
+      downstream: node.downstream,
+    });
+
+    tracker[fqn] = {
+      output: result,
+      props: { __input: resolvedInput },
+      bindings: [],
+      instanceId: fqn,
+    };
+    yield* signalReady;
+    yield* signalReadyStable;
+    terminalStatuses.set(fqn, {
+      id: logicalId,
+      type: task.Type,
+      status: "ran",
+    });
+    yield* report("ran");
+  }).pipe(
+    Effect.catchCause((cause) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        failures.push({
+          fqn,
+          logicalId: node.def.LogicalId,
+          type: node.def.Type,
+          cause,
+        });
+        yield* Deferred.failCause(ready[fqn], cause as Cause.Cause<never>);
+        yield* Deferred.failCause(
+          readyStable[fqn],
+          cause as Cause.Cause<never>,
+        );
+        yield* session.emit({
+          kind: "status-change",
+          id: node.def.LogicalId,
+          type: node.def.Type,
+          status: "fail",
+        });
+      }),
+    ),
+    Effect.withSpan("apply.action", {
+      attributes: {
+        "alchemy.action.fqn": fqn,
+        "alchemy.action.type": node.def.Type,
+        "alchemy.action.logical_id": node.def.LogicalId,
+        "alchemy.action.verb": node.action,
+      },
+    }),
+  ) as Effect.Effect<void, never, any>;
 
 // ── Phase 3: imperative convergence loop ───────────────────────────────────
 //
 // After the initial concurrent pass, some resources may have been created
 // with stale upstream values (e.g. a precreate stub instead of the final
 // output). Walk the plan and re-evaluate each resource's props/bindings
-// against the current tracker outputs. Call provider.update for any
+// against the current tracker outputs. Call provider.reconcile for any
 // resource whose resolved inputs differ from what it was last applied with.
 // Repeat until no resource needs updating.
 
@@ -766,12 +1191,12 @@ const converge = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
     {
       id: string;
       type: string;
-      status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated">;
+      status: Extract<ApplyStatus, "created" | "updated" | "ran" | "skipped">;
     }
   >,
   session: PlanStatusSession,
   state: {
-    set: <V extends ResourceState>(req: {
+    set: <V extends PersistedState>(req: {
       stack: string;
       stage: string;
       fqn: string;
@@ -823,7 +1248,7 @@ const converge = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
       } satisfies ScopedPlanStatusSession;
 
       const attr = yield* node.provider
-        .update({
+        .reconcile({
           id: logicalId,
           news: newProps,
           instanceId,
@@ -832,7 +1257,15 @@ const converge = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
           olds: oldProps,
           output: tracker[fqn].output,
         })
-        .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+        .pipe(
+          instrumentLifecycle(
+            "update",
+            fqn,
+            node.resource.Type,
+            logicalId,
+            instanceId,
+          ),
+        );
 
       tracker[fqn] = {
         output: attr,
@@ -868,6 +1301,75 @@ const converge = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
       });
     }
 
+    // Tasks: re-run when their resolved input drifts vs. the value they
+    // last applied with (e.g. an upstream resource produced new attrs in
+    // this pass). Skipped (noop) tasks are not re-checked here — their
+    // recorded inputHash is authoritative until the next plan.
+    for (const [fqn, node] of Object.entries(plan.actions)) {
+      if (node.action !== "run") continue;
+      if (!tracker[fqn]) continue;
+
+      const outputs = Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.entries(tracker).map(([k, t]) => [k, t.output]),
+      );
+      const newInput = (yield* Output.evaluate(node.input, outputs)) as any;
+      const newHash = yield* hashInput(newInput);
+      const oldInput = tracker[fqn].props?.__input;
+      const oldHash = yield* hashInput(oldInput);
+      if (newHash === oldHash) continue;
+
+      anyUpdated = true;
+
+      yield* state.set({
+        stack: stackName,
+        stage,
+        fqn,
+        value: {
+          kind: "action",
+          status: "running",
+          fqn,
+          logicalId: node.def.LogicalId,
+          namespace: node.def.Namespace,
+          actionType: node.def.Type,
+          inputHash: newHash,
+          input: newInput,
+          downstream: node.downstream,
+        } satisfies RunningActionState,
+      });
+
+      const result = yield* node.def.Run(newInput);
+
+      yield* state.set({
+        stack: stackName,
+        stage,
+        fqn,
+        value: {
+          kind: "action",
+          status: "ran",
+          fqn,
+          logicalId: node.def.LogicalId,
+          namespace: node.def.Namespace,
+          actionType: node.def.Type,
+          inputHash: newHash,
+          input: newInput,
+          output: result,
+          downstream: node.downstream,
+        } satisfies RanActionState,
+      });
+
+      tracker[fqn] = {
+        output: result,
+        props: { __input: newInput },
+        bindings: [],
+        instanceId: fqn,
+      };
+      terminalStatuses.set(fqn, {
+        id: node.def.LogicalId,
+        type: node.def.Type,
+        status: "ran",
+      });
+    }
+
     if (!anyUpdated) break;
   }
 });
@@ -883,6 +1385,32 @@ const collectGarbage = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
   const stackName = stack.name;
   const stage = yield* Stage;
 
+  // Task deletions are pure state drops — no body is invoked. Run them in
+  // parallel before resource GC; tasks never have provider-side dependencies
+  // to wait on.
+  yield* Effect.all(
+    Object.entries(plan.actionDeletions ?? {}).map(([fqn, node]) =>
+      node === undefined
+        ? Effect.void
+        : Effect.gen(function* () {
+            yield* session.emit({
+              kind: "status-change",
+              id: node.def.LogicalId,
+              type: node.def.Type,
+              status: "deleting",
+            });
+            yield* state.delete({ stack: stackName, stage, fqn });
+            yield* session.emit({
+              kind: "status-change",
+              id: node.def.LogicalId,
+              type: node.def.Type,
+              status: "deleted",
+            });
+          }),
+    ),
+    { concurrency: "unbounded" },
+  );
+
   const deleteGraph = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
     deletionGraph: Record<string, Delete | ReplacedResourceState | undefined>,
   ) {
@@ -1009,7 +1537,15 @@ const collectGarbage = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (
                   session: scopedSession,
                   bindings: [],
                 })
-                .pipe(provideLifecycleScope(fqn, instanceId));
+                .pipe(
+                  instrumentLifecycle(
+                    "delete",
+                    fqn,
+                    resourceType,
+                    logicalId,
+                    instanceId,
+                  ),
+                );
             }
 
             if (isDeleteNode(node)) {