agent-dev-env 0.1.0

package/dist/assets/images/windows-arm64-vmware/sandbox.pkr.hcl

@@ -0,0 +1,1036 @@
+packer {
+  required_version = ">= 1.10.0"
+
+  required_plugins {
+    vmware = {
+      version = ">= 2.1.5"
+      source  = "github.com/vmware/vmware"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Variables
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# The Windows build is shared between the QEMU and VMware platforms: the
+# toolchain, credentials and OpenChamber vars mirror
+# images/windows-arm64-qemu/sandbox.pkr.hcl. The VMware build differs in the
+# mechanics — VMware Fusion hosts the installer and the VM is exported as a
+# .vmx + .vmdk instead of a qcow2.
+
+variable "windows_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Windows guest version, e.g. '11'; part of the image name (sandbox-windows-<windows_version>-arm64-vmware)."
+}
+
+variable "image_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Semantic version this image is published under; bump it + add a CHANGELOG.md entry per release."
+}
+
+# --- Build layout ---
+#
+# Built images and their scratch land in a top-level build/ directory:
+# build/windows-arm64-vmware/output (Packer's output_directory) and
+# build/windows-arm64-vmware/drivers/ (staged into the unattend CD).
+# The agent-dev-env CLI build flow computes the directory and passes
+# it in; the default keeps a bare `packer build` from the platform dir
+# working.
+
+variable "build_dir" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "."
+  description = "Per-image build directory: <build_dir>/output holds the built image and <build_dir>/drivers the staged unattend-CD drivers. Set by `agent-dev-env build` to build/windows-arm64-vmware/."
+}
+
+# --- Windows install ISO (bring-your-own, see images/windows-arm64-vmware/README.md) ---
+
+variable "iso_path" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Absolute path to the Windows 11 ARM64 ISO. Set by the agent-dev-env CLI build flow (PKR_VAR_iso_path); the ISO is not redistributable so it cannot live in the repo. Required — validate with `-var iso_path=/path/to/iso`."
+}
+
+variable "iso_sha256" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = ""
+  description = "SHA256 of the Windows ISO as published on the Microsoft download page. Read by the agent-dev-env CLI build flow for verification, not by Packer itself (iso_checksum is 'none')."
+}
+
+# --- VMware Fusion (host hypervisor + ARM64 boot drivers + tools ISO) ---
+
+variable "vmware_fusion_app_path" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "/Applications/VMware Fusion.app"
+  description = "Path of the VMware Fusion installation. Packer's vmware-iso builder drives Fusion via vmrun; the ARM64 Windows boot drivers (drivers-arm64.zip) and the ARM64 VMware Tools ISO (isoimages/arm64/windows.iso) come from the app bundle."
+}
+
+# --- Toolchain versions (installed via Chocolatey) ---
+
+variable "nodejs_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Node.js version, e.g. '26.8.1' (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "python_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Python version, e.g. '3.13.1' (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "github_cli_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "GitHub CLI version, e.g. '2.97.0' (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "ripgrep_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "ripgrep version, e.g. '15.2.0' (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "git_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Git version, e.g. '2.55.0.4' (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "jq_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "jq version, e.g. '1.8.1' (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "open_code_review_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "open-code-review (ocr) version installed via npm."
+}
+
+variable "chrome_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Google Chrome version (Chrome for Testing snapshot, e.g. '152.0.7977.54')."
+}
+
+variable "chrome_sha256" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "SHA256 of the CfT chrome-win64.zip for chrome_version."
+}
+
+# --- C/C++ + cross-language toolchains (brought over from AdGuard's
+# build-agent-images windows2022-vs2022 image) ---
+
+variable "vs_buildtools_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "VS2022 Build Tools choco package version, e.g. '117.14.37' (the installer is then finalized with setup.exe + the .NET SDK / VC++ / Win11 SDK components)."
+}
+
+variable "go_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Go version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "rust_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Rust toolchain version installed via rustup (e.g. '1.95'; rustup resolves the latest patch)."
+}
+
+variable "wixtoolset_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "WiX Toolset version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "protoc_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "protobuf compiler (protoc) version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "nasm_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "NASM assembler version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "llvm_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "LLVM version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "vim_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Vim version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "nuget_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "NuGet command-line client version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+variable "mingw_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "MinGW-w64 GCC toolchain version (choco package version; provides make + mingw gcc)."
+}
+
+variable "make_version" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "GNU make version (choco package version)."
+}
+
+# --- VM resources ---
+
+variable "disk_size" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 100
+  description = "VM disk size in GB."
+}
+
+variable "cpu_count" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 4
+  description = "CPU count of the VM."
+}
+
+variable "memory_gb" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 8
+  description = "RAM of the VM in GB."
+}
+
+# --- WinRM credentials (baked into autounattend.xml — keep in sync) ---
+
+variable "winrm_username" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "Administrator"
+  description = "User used for WinRM provisioning; must match the account autounattend.xml creates."
+}
+
+variable "winrm_password" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "sandbox1"
+  sensitive   = true
+  description = "Password of the provisioning account; must match autounattend.xml."
+}
+
+# --- OpenChamber web UI ---
+
+variable "openchamber_ui_password" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "sandbox"
+  description = "Password protecting the OpenChamber web UI; required because the server binds to 0.0.0.0 (host access: http://<guest-ip>:4000)."
+}
+
+variable "openchamber_port" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 4000
+  description = "TCP port the OpenChamber web UI listens on inside the guest."
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Source: VMware (Fusion on Apple Silicon, ARM64 guest)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Windows 11 ARM64 runs natively on VMware Fusion on Apple Silicon — the
+# most proven Windows-ARM path (Fusion ships the ARM64 guest drivers and
+# tools). The recipe mirrors the reference implementation in
+# gusztavvargadr/packer (src/windows/source.vmware.pkr.hcl +
+# samples/windows-11/images.pkrvars.hcl, Unlicense), adapted to this repo's
+# conventions:
+#   - guest_os_type "arm-windows11-64", hardware version 20, NVMe disk,
+#     vmxnet3 NIC under NAT, EFI firmware — the proven ARM64 combo,
+#   - the unattend CD also carries the vmxnet3 ARM64 network driver
+#     (drivers/staging/, staged by the build flow from Fusion's
+#     Contents/Library/isoimages/arm64/drivers-arm64.zip). Without it there
+#     is NO NIC in the guest and WinRM is unreachable from the host — the
+#     driver must land before any network use (FirstLogonCommands order 1),
+#   - VMware Tools ARM64 (the ISO Fusion bundles at
+#     Contents/Library/isoimages/arm64/windows.iso) is attached by the
+#     builder (tools_mode "attach"); autounattend.xml installs it at
+#     first logon, before WinRM — the installer rebinds the NIC and
+#     would kill a live WinRM session (observed as"dial tcp ... wsman:
+#     operation timed out"). Tools
+#     are what make vmrun's getGuestIPAddress work in the sandbox runner,
+#   - NVMe storage needs no extra driver: Windows 11 ARM64 has the NVMe
+#     driver in-box (unlike QEMU's virtio disk, which needs viostor in
+#     WinPE).
+#
+# No snapshot is created (snapshot_name): the sandbox runner makes a full
+# vmrun clone as its working VM, and a snapshot inside the published image
+# would only complicate disk compaction and re-clones.
+
+source "vmware-iso" "windows" {
+  vm_name          = "sandbox-windows-${var.windows_version}-arm64-vmware"
+  output_directory = "${var.build_dir}/output"
+
+  # The build flow (agent-dev-env build) verifies the ISO
+  # against var.iso_sha256 before Packer runs; iso_checksum is "none" so
+  # Packer does not re-verify.
+  iso_url      = var.iso_path
+  iso_checksum = "none"
+
+  cpus      = var.cpu_count
+  memory    = var.memory_gb * 1024
+  disk_size = var.disk_size * 1024
+
+  # --- ARM64 guest wiring (proven in gusztavvargadr/packer) ---
+  version              = 20
+  guest_os_type        = "arm-windows11-64"
+  disk_type_id         = "0"
+  disk_adapter_type    = "nvme"
+  network              = "nat"
+  network_adapter_type = "vmxnet3"
+  firmware             = "efi"
+  cdrom_adapter_type   = "sata"
+
+  # Unattend CD: Setup probes attached media for Autounattend.xml at the
+  # root, so no keyboard input is needed for the answer file. The same CD
+  # carries the staged vmxnet3 ARM64 driver flat in the root (see the
+  # FirstLogonCommands driver scan in autounattend.xml). Note: glob the
+  # staged files rather than passing the directory — the plugin copies
+  # directory cd_files into a temp tree where nested paths break.
+  cd_files = ["./autounattend.xml", "${var.build_dir}/drivers/staging/*"]
+  cd_label = "UNATTEND"
+
+  # VMware Tools ARM64 from the Fusion install (matching the host's Fusion
+  # version — no download, no version pinning). Attached as a CD-ROM for
+  # the whole build and removed on completion; autounattend.xml's
+  # FirstLogonCommands installs it before WinRM comes up (the installer
+  # rebinds the NIC and would kill a live WinRM session). Requires
+  # Fusion 13.6+ (the plugin's minimum) and makes vmrun guest tooling
+  # (getGuestIPAddress, shared folders) available at runtime.
+  tools_mode        = "attach"
+  tools_source_path = "${var.vmware_fusion_app_path}/Contents/Library/isoimages/arm64/windows.iso"
+
+  vmx_data = {
+    # The unattend/tools CD-ROMs ride on the SATA controller.
+    "sata1.present" = "TRUE"
+    # USB 3.x controller — Windows 11 ARM64 has in-box xHCI drivers; the
+    # plugin auto-enables USB on Apple Silicon for its own VNC typer, and
+    # keeping it present makes the USB input devices work in the guest.
+    "usb_xhci.present" = "TRUE"
+    # Boot the install CD before the (empty) NVMe disk, so the firmware
+    # reaches the ISO's "Press any key to boot from CD" prompt as early
+    # as possible.
+    "bios.bootorder" = "cdrom,hdd"
+  }
+
+  # WinRM, not SSH: it comes up via autounattend's FirstLogonCommands
+  # before any OpenSSH server exists, and DISM online servicing needs the
+  # elevated token the provisioners request.
+  communicator   = "winrm"
+  winrm_username = var.winrm_username
+  winrm_password = var.winrm_password
+  winrm_timeout  = "90m"
+  winrm_port     = 5985
+
+  # Headless: no Fusion window, and the VNC server stays available for the
+  # build watchdog (bundled watch-build.py) — pinned so the build flow
+  # can start it before `packer build`. The vmware plugin's VNC
+  # server is bound to 127.0.0.1; the password is disabled so the watchdog
+  # (which assumes an unauthenticated VNC, like the QEMU plugin's) can
+  # connect.
+  headless = true
+
+  vnc_bind_address     = "127.0.0.1"
+  vnc_port_min         = 5901
+  vnc_port_max         = 5901
+  vnc_disable_password = true
+
+  # The ISO's EFI "Press any key to boot from CD or DVD" prompt appears a
+  # few seconds after power-on; Enter presses spread over ~25 s cover
+  # early and late appearances without spamming keys into Setup like the
+  # QEMU template does (no stray keys, no Cancel-dialog watch needed).
+  # The build watchdog (bundled watch-build.py) also answers the prompt
+  # and rescues a boot that lands in the EFI shell.
+  boot_wait = "1s"
+  boot_command = [
+    "<enter><wait5><enter><wait5><enter><wait5><enter><wait5><enter><wait5><enter>",
+  ]
+
+  shutdown_command = "shutdown /s /t 10"
+  shutdown_timeout = "10m"
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Build
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+build {
+  sources = ["source.vmware-iso.windows"]
+
+  # ===== Preamble: settle after OOBE, dump versions =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [
+      "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'",
+      "$ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'",
+      "$os = Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem",
+      "Write-Host \"Windows install complete: $($os.Caption) build $($os.BuildNumber) ($env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE)\"",
+      "Write-Host 'Waiting 30s for post-OOBE first-logon scripts to settle...'",
+      "Start-Sleep -Seconds 30",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== VMware Tools =====
+  # VMware Tools are installed by autounattend.xml's FirstLogonCommands
+  # (order 2, BEFORE WinRM comes up) — the tools installer rebinds the
+  # NIC and drops every live WinRM session mid-install, so a provisioner
+  # here would kill its own connection (observed as a hard "dial tcp ...
+  # wsman: operation timed out" failure). The tools are what make vmrun
+  # getGuestIPAddress and HGFS shared folders work in the sandbox runner;
+  # the build fails softly if the CD was not found.
+
+  # ===== Chocolatey + .NET strong crypto =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [
+      "$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'",
+      "[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072",
+      "iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))",
+      "if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw \"chocolatey install failed: $LASTEXITCODE\" }",
+      "$chocoInstall = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('ChocolateyInstall','Machine')",
+      "if (-not $chocoInstall) { $chocoInstall = 'C:\\ProgramData\\chocolatey' }",
+      "$chocoBin = Join-Path $chocoInstall 'bin'",
+      "# Persist the Chocolatey bin dir into the machine PATH ourselves: the",
+      "# bootstrapper's compiled Install-ChocolateyPath cmdlet asserts UAC",
+      "# before writing and can fail to persist the registry value in the",
+      "# elevated WinRM context (observed as 'choco' not recognized in the",
+      "# toolchain phase after the reboot, even with PATH re-read).",
+      "$machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')",
+      "if (-not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains $chocoBin)) {",
+      "  [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath + ';' + $chocoBin, 'Machine')",
+      "}",
+      "# Run choco by its full path too — this session's PATH is not",
+      "# guaranteed to contain the bin dir above.",
+      "$choco = Join-Path $chocoBin 'choco.exe'",
+      "if (-not (Test-Path $choco)) { throw \"choco.exe not found at $choco\" }",
+      "& $choco feature enable -n allowGlobalConfirmation",
+      "if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw \"choco feature enable failed: $LASTEXITCODE\" }",
+      "# Legacy .NET strong-crypto: without it, older TLS stacks fail against modern hosts",
+      "reg add 'HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\.NETFramework\\v4.0.30319' /v SchUseStrongCrypto /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f",
+      "reg add 'HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\.NETFramework\\v4.0.30319' /v SchUseStrongCrypto /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Reboot: clear the tools-install pending reboot =====
+  # The VMware Tools install (autounattend FirstLogonCommands) leaves a
+  # pending reboot, which makes `choco install` return 3010 (seen on
+  # python) and makes the .NET Framework 4.8 Developer Pack installer
+  # fail with exit code 1 (it refuses to run while a reboot is pending).
+  # Restart once and wait for WinRM, so the toolchain + VS phases run on
+  # a cleanly booted machine.
+  provisioner "windows-restart" {
+    restart_timeout = "30m"
+  }
+
+  # ===== Toolchain via Chocolatey (versions from the vars file) =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
+      # Choco is called by its full path, never via PATH: the bootstrapper
+      # can fail to persist the machine PATH (see the Chocolatey
+      # provisioner), and after the tools reboot a fresh WinRM process can
+      # inherit a stale PATH — both observed as 'choco' not recognized.
+      # The PATH is still re-read from the registry below for the tools
+      # this phase installs.
+      $chocoInstall = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('ChocolateyInstall','Machine')
+      if (-not $chocoInstall) { $chocoInstall = 'C:\ProgramData\chocolatey' }
+      $choco = Join-Path (Join-Path $chocoInstall 'bin') 'choco.exe'
+      if (-not (Test-Path $choco)) { throw "choco.exe not found at $choco (Chocolatey install failed?)" }
+      $env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine') + ';' + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','User')
+      # choco downloads can 404 transiently over the VM's NAT (observed
+      # with the pinned python package); retry each install before giving
+      # up. The command goes through cmd /c so the package name and its
+      # --version are parsed as separate arguments (passing $installArgs
+      # straight to the exe makes choco look for a package literally named
+      # 'nodejs --version=26.8.1'). No 2>&1 here: redirecting native
+      # stderr under $ErrorActionPreference='Stop' turns any choco warning
+      # into a terminating error in Windows PowerShell 5.1 (the repo's
+      # documented native-stderr bug) — the output just streams to the
+      # session log and $LASTEXITCODE decides the retry.
+      function Invoke-ChocoRetry([string]$installArgs) {
+        for ($try = 1; $try -le 3; $try++) {
+          cmd /c "$choco install $installArgs -y"
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { return }
+          Write-Host "choco install $installArgs attempt $try failed ($LASTEXITCODE); retrying"
+          Start-Sleep -Seconds 15
+        }
+        throw "choco install $installArgs failed after 3 attempts"
+      }
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "nodejs --version=${var.nodejs_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "gh --version=${var.github_cli_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "ripgrep --version=${var.ripgrep_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "git --version=${var.git_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "jq --version=${var.jq_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "python --version=${var.python_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "firefox"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "curl"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "docker-cli"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "docker-compose"
+      # C/C++ + cross-language toolchains (brought over from AdGuard's
+      # build-agent-images windows2022-vs2022 / windows2022-go images).
+      # VS2022 Build Tools (with its .NET/VC++ workloads) and Rust are
+      # installed by their own provisioners below.
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "golang --version=${var.go_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "mingw --version=${var.mingw_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "make --version=${var.make_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "vim --version=${var.vim_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "nuget.commandline --version=${var.nuget_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "protoc --version=${var.protoc_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "nasm --version=${var.nasm_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "llvm --version=${var.llvm_version}"
+      Invoke-ChocoRetry "wixtoolset --version=${var.wixtoolset_version}"
+
+      # ===== Google Chrome (CfT snapshot, hash-pinned) =====
+      # choco's googlechrome package downloads the live dl.google.com MSI,
+      # whose binary rotates with every Chrome release — the pinned hash
+      # breaks between releases (observed with 152.0.7977.54). Instead we
+      # fetch the versioned Chrome for Testing archive, verify the SHA256,
+      # and extract it into the standard install location.
+      $chromeUrl = "https://storage.googleapis.com/chrome-for-testing-public/${var.chrome_version}/win64/chrome-win64.zip"
+      $chromeZip = "$env:TEMP\chrome-win64.zip"
+      $chromeAppDir = 'C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application'
+      $chromeExe = Join-Path $chromeAppDir 'chrome.exe'
+      # 202 MB over a VM NAT can drop mid-transfer; retry.
+      $downloaded = $false
+      for ($try = 1; $try -le 3 -and -not $downloaded; $try++) {
+        try {
+          Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri $chromeUrl -OutFile $chromeZip -ErrorAction Stop
+          $downloaded = $true
+        } catch {
+          Write-Host "chrome download attempt $try failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+          if ($try -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds 10 }
+        }
+      }
+      if (-not $downloaded) { throw "chrome download failed after 3 attempts" }
+      $actual = (Get-FileHash -Path $chromeZip -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLowerInvariant()
+      if ($actual -ne '${var.chrome_sha256}') {
+        throw "chrome checksum mismatch: expected ${var.chrome_sha256}, got $actual"
+      }
+      New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "$env:TEMP\chrome-x" | Out-Null
+      Expand-Archive -Path $chromeZip -DestinationPath "$env:TEMP\chrome-x" -Force
+      New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $chromeAppDir | Out-Null
+      Copy-Item -Path "$env:TEMP\chrome-x\chrome-win64\*" -Destination $chromeAppDir -Recurse -Force
+      Remove-Item -Path "$env:TEMP\chrome-x", $chromeZip -Recurse -Force
+      # Register App Paths so `start chrome` / shell launchers resolve it
+      $appPaths = 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths\chrome.exe'
+      New-Item -Path $appPaths -Force | Out-Null
+      New-ItemProperty -Path $appPaths -Name '(Default)' -Value $chromeExe -PropertyType String -Force | Out-Null
+      if (-not (Test-Path $chromeExe)) { throw "chrome.exe not found after extraction" }
+      $toolPaths = @(
+        'C:\Program Files\nodejs',
+        'C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\bin',
+        'C:\Program Files\Git\cmd',
+        'C:\Program Files\Git\bin',
+        'C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application',
+        'C:\Program Files\Go\bin',
+        'C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin',
+        'C:\Program Files\NASM',
+        # WiX 3.14.x: newer package versions install the MSI under
+        # 'Program Files\WiX Toolset v3.14\bin' (older ones put the
+        # binaries in the choco lib) — add both, the guards skip absent.
+        'C:\Program Files (x86)\WiX Toolset v3.14\bin',
+        'C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\lib\wixtoolset\tools',
+        'C:\mingw64\bin',
+        "$env:APPDATA\npm"
+      )
+      $machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')
+      foreach ($toolPath in $toolPaths) {
+        if ((Test-Path $toolPath) -and -not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains $toolPath)) {
+          $machinePath = $machinePath + ';' + $toolPath
+        }
+      }
+      [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath, 'Machine')
+      $env:Path = $machinePath + ';' + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','User')
+      node --version
+      git --version
+      gh --version
+      rg --version
+      jq --version
+      python --version
+      go version
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Visual Studio 2022 Build Tools (MSVC + .NET SDKs + CMake + Win11 SDK) =====
+  # Brought over from AdGuard's build-agent-images windows2022-base-vs2022
+  # image: the choco package installs the VS bootstrapper, then setup.exe
+  # adds the .NET 4.8 + .NET Core SDKs, the VC++ workload (x86/x64/ARM/
+  # ARM64 — ARM64 matters for this ARM64 guest) and the Windows 11 SDK.
+  # On ARM64 the bootstrapper runs as an x86 binary under emulation, which
+  # VS2022 supports.
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    timeout           = "90m"
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
+      # Choco is called by its full path, never via PATH (see the
+      # toolchain provisioner). The PATH is still re-read for the tools
+      # this phase installs.
+      $chocoInstall = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('ChocolateyInstall','Machine')
+      if (-not $chocoInstall) { $chocoInstall = 'C:\ProgramData\chocolatey' }
+      $choco = Join-Path (Join-Path $chocoInstall 'bin') 'choco.exe'
+      if (-not (Test-Path $choco)) { throw "choco.exe not found at $choco (Chocolatey install failed?)" }
+      $env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine') + ';' + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','User')
+      # Standalone .NET Framework 4.8 Developer Pack (latest), as in the
+      # AdGuard image — MSBuild/.NET 4.8 targets need it. 3010 = success,
+      # reboot required, which choco also returns for the KB dep.
+      & $choco install netfx-4.8-devpack -y --norestart
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -and $LASTEXITCODE -ne 3010) { throw "choco netfx-4.8-devpack failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      & $choco install visualstudio2022buildtools --version=${var.vs_buildtools_version} -y --norestart --wait --nocache --noUpdateInstaller
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -and $LASTEXITCODE -ne 3010) { throw "choco visualstudio2022buildtools failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      $setup = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\setup.exe'
+      if (-not (Test-Path $setup)) { throw "VS installer not found: $setup" }
+      # .NET 4.8 SDK + .NET Core SDK workloads
+      & $setup modify --quiet --norestart `
+          --installPath 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools' `
+          --add Microsoft.Net.Component.4.8.SDK `
+          --add Microsoft.NetCore.Component.SDK `
+          | Out-Host
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -and $LASTEXITCODE -ne 3010) { throw "vs .NET workloads failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      # VC++ workload (x86/x64/ARM/ARM64) + CMake project support
+      & $setup modify --quiet --norestart `
+          --installPath 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools' `
+          --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Workload.VCTools `
+          --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.CMake.Project `
+          --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64 `
+          --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.ARM `
+          --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.ARM64 `
+          | Out-Host
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -and $LASTEXITCODE -ne 3010) { throw "vs VC++ workloads failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      # Windows 11 SDK (the components the Win11 toolchain expects)
+      & $setup modify --quiet --norestart `
+          --installPath 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools' `
+          --add Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows11SDK.22621 `
+          | Out-Host
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -and $LASTEXITCODE -ne 3010) { throw "vs Windows11SDK failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      $vcPath = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Auxiliary\Build'
+      $machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')
+      if (-not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains $vcPath)) {
+        [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath + ';' + $vcPath, 'Machine')
+      }
+      Write-Host 'Visual Studio 2022 Build Tools + .NET SDKs installed'
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Rust via rustup (ARM64 host toolchain + MSVC cross targets) =====
+  # Brought over from AdGuard's build-agent-images windows2022-vs2022
+  # image, adapted for ARM64: win.rustup.rs/aarch64 ships the aarch64
+  # rustup-init (win.rustup.rs/x86_64 is the x86_64 host only). The
+  # default-toolchain is resolved by rustup (e.g. '1.95' -> 1.95.x), and
+  # the MSVC targets cover x86_64/i686/aarch64 linking.
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    timeout           = "30m"
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
+      $rustupInit = "$env:TEMP\rustup-init.exe"
+      $downloaded = $false
+      for ($try = 1; $try -le 3 -and -not $downloaded; $try++) {
+        try {
+          Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri 'https://win.rustup.rs/aarch64' -OutFile $rustupInit -ErrorAction Stop
+          $downloaded = $true
+        } catch {
+          Write-Host "rustup-init download attempt $try failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+          if ($try -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds 10 }
+        }
+      }
+      if (-not $downloaded) { throw "rustup-init download failed after 3 attempts" }
+      & $rustupInit -y --default-toolchain ${var.rust_version}
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "rustup-init failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      Remove-Item $rustupInit -Force
+      $cargoBin = "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo\bin"
+      $machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')
+      if (-not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains $cargoBin)) {
+        [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath + ';' + $cargoBin, 'Machine')
+      }
+      $env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine') + ';' + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','User')
+      rustup target add x86_64-pc-windows-msvc i686-pc-windows-msvc aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
+      if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "rustup target add failed: $LASTEXITCODE" }
+      Write-Host "Rust ${var.rust_version} installed with MSVC targets"
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Visual Studio Code (native arm64, direct download) =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
+      $installer = "$env:TEMP\vscode-arm64-user-setup.exe"
+      $downloaded = $false
+      for ($try = 1; $try -le 3 -and -not $downloaded; $try++) {
+        try {
+          Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri 'https://update.code.visualstudio.com/latest/win32-arm64-user/stable' -OutFile $installer -ErrorAction Stop
+          $downloaded = $true
+        } catch {
+          Write-Host "vscode download attempt $try failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+          if ($try -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds 10 }
+        }
+      }
+      if (-not $downloaded) { throw "vscode download failed after 3 attempts" }
+      Start-Process $installer -ArgumentList '/VERYSILENT /NORESTART /MERGETASKS=!runcode' -Wait
+      Remove-Item $installer -Force
+      $codeBin = "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\Programs\Microsoft VS Code\bin"
+      if (Test-Path $codeBin) {
+        $machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')
+        if (-not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains $codeBin)) {
+          [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath + ';' + $codeBin, 'Machine')
+        }
+      }
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== OpenCode, OpenCodeReview, OpenChamber web UI =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      # EAP=Continue, not Stop: this script runs many native commands
+      # (schtasks, npm, openchamber) whose stderr lines become terminating
+      # errors under Stop in Windows PowerShell 5.1 (the 2>$null / 2>&1
+      # native-stderr bug). All failure handling is explicit below.
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
+      $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
+      # The image ships with Windows' default Restricted execution policy —
+      # every build-time powershell invocation passes -ExecutionPolicy
+      # Bypass, so nothing is persisted. But opencode/ocr are npm shims
+      # (opencode.ps1 in %APPDATA%\npm): a Restricted shell refuses to run
+      # them ("running scripts is disabled on this system"). Bake in
+      # RemoteSigned machine-wide (this provisioner runs elevated, so the
+      # LocalMachine scope persists in the image) and keep the runners'
+      # runtime set as a fallback for images built before this change.
+      # The build passes -ExecutionPolicy Bypass at Process scope, so
+      # setting only LocalMachine triggers Set-ExecutionPolicy's "overridden
+      # by a more specific scope" notice, which Windows PowerShell 5.1 under
+      # WinRM surfaces as a terminating error that aborts the build even
+      # though the machine policy was updated fine (observed). Set the
+      # Process scope first (no override, no notice), then the machine.
+      try {
+        Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope Process -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope LocalMachine -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      } catch {
+        Write-Warning "Set-ExecutionPolicy failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+      }
+      Write-Host "PowerShell execution policy: $(Get-ExecutionPolicy -Scope LocalMachine)"
+      $machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')
+      $env:Path = $machinePath + ';' + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','User')
+      # The openchamber scheduled task launches at logon and locks its
+      # node_modules — kill it before reinstalling, and retry npm installs
+      # (the guest's NAT networking drops large transfers).
+      try { schtasks /End /TN dev.openchamber.web 2>&1 | Out-Null } catch {}
+      Stop-Process -Name node -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      function Invoke-NpmRetry([string]$argsLine) {
+        for ($try = 1; $try -le 3; $try++) {
+          cmd /c "npm $argsLine" 2>&1 | Out-Null
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { return }
+          Write-Host "npm $argsLine attempt $try failed ($LASTEXITCODE); retrying"
+          Start-Sleep -Seconds 10
+        }
+        throw "npm $argsLine failed after 3 attempts"
+      }
+      Invoke-NpmRetry "install -g opencode-ai"
+      New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path C:\npm-global | Out-Null
+      Invoke-NpmRetry "install -g --prefix C:\npm-global --ignore-scripts @alibaba-group/open-code-review@${var.open_code_review_version}"
+      foreach ($toolPath in @('C:\npm-global')) {
+        if ((Test-Path $toolPath) -and -not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains $toolPath)) {
+          $machinePath = $machinePath + ';' + $toolPath
+        }
+      }
+      [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath, 'Machine')
+      Invoke-NpmRetry "install -g @openchamber/web"
+      $env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine') + ';' + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','User')
+      opencode --version
+      ocr --version
+      # Web UI as a native service (Windows: scheduled task). Snapshot the
+      # absolute opencode path like the macOS template does.
+      $opencodeBin = (Get-Command opencode -ErrorAction Stop).Source
+      $env:OPENCODE_BINARY = $opencodeBin
+      # openchamber's own `startup enable` writes startup.env but then fails
+      # to register the task — its schtasks /TR command exceeds the 261-char
+      # limit and the failure aborts the whole provisioner. So: let it write
+      # the env file, ignore the failure, and register a compact task that
+      # runs a small wrapper script instead of a giant inline command.
+      try {
+        openchamber startup enable --port ${var.openchamber_port} --lan --ui-password "${var.openchamber_ui_password}" 2>$null | Out-Null
+      } catch {}
+      $LASTEXITCODE = 0
+      $envFile = 'C:\Users\Administrator\.config\openchamber\startup.env'
+      if (-not (Test-Path $envFile)) {
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path (Split-Path $envFile) | Out-Null
+        @"
+OPENCHAMBER_UI_PASSWORD='${var.openchamber_ui_password}'
+OPENCODE_BINARY='$opencodeBin'
+"@ | Set-Content -Path $envFile -Encoding UTF8
+      }
+      New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path C:\tools | Out-Null
+      $wrapper = @'
+$envFile = 'C:\Users\Administrator\.config\openchamber\startup.env'
+if (Test-Path $envFile) {
+  Get-Content $envFile | ForEach-Object {
+    if ($_ -match '^([^=]+)=(.*)$') {
+      $v = $matches[2]
+      if ($v.StartsWith("'") -and $v.EndsWith("'")) {
+        $v = $v.Substring(1, $v.Length - 2).Replace("'\''", "'")
+      }
+      [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable($matches[1], $v, 'Process')
+    }
+  }
+}
+& 'C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe' 'C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\@openchamber\web\bin\cli.js' serve --foreground --port ${var.openchamber_port} --host 0.0.0.0
+'@
+      Set-Content -Path C:\tools\openchamber-startup.ps1 -Value $wrapper -Encoding UTF8
+      # Register the logon task. schtasks.exe from the elevated WinRM
+      # session can be flaky (silent /Create failures, /Run "file not
+      # found"); fall back to the PowerShell-native Register-ScheduledTask
+      # (same mechanism the build-agent-images repo uses). Never fail the
+      # build here — worst case the web UI starts at first login.
+      $taskRegistered = $false
+      try {
+        schtasks /Create /TN dev.openchamber.web /SC ONLOGON /RL LIMITED /F /TR "powershell.exe -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File C:\tools\openchamber-startup.ps1" 2>&1 | Out-Null
+        if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
+          schtasks /Run /TN dev.openchamber.web 2>&1 | Out-Null
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $taskRegistered = $true }
+        }
+        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
+      } catch {
+        Write-Warning "schtasks registration failed ($($_.Exception.Message)); trying Register-ScheduledTask"
+        $LASTEXITCODE = 0
+      }
+      if (-not $taskRegistered) {
+        try {
+          $action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute 'powershell.exe' -Argument '-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File C:\tools\openchamber-startup.ps1'
+          $trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -AtLogOn
+          Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName 'dev.openchamber.web' -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -Force | Out-Null
+          Start-ScheduledTask -TaskName 'dev.openchamber.web'
+          $taskRegistered = $true
+        } catch {
+          Write-Warning "Register-ScheduledTask also failed: $($_.Exception.Message); the web UI will start at first login instead"
+          $LASTEXITCODE = 0
+        }
+      }
+      if ($taskRegistered) { Write-Host "OpenChamber task registered: $taskRegistered" }
+      # Windows' firewall "TCP/UDP Query User" rules for node.exe default to
+      # BLOCK when the allow prompt goes unanswered (headless build) — the
+      # web UI then only answers on the guest loopback. Remove them and
+      # allow the UI port explicitly so the host can reach it.
+      Get-NetFirewallRule -Direction Inbound -Action Block -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
+        Where-Object { $_.DisplayName -like '*Query User*node.exe*' } |
+        Remove-NetFirewallRule -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'OpenChamber' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol TCP -LocalPort ${var.openchamber_port} -Profile Any -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
+      $LASTEXITCODE = 0
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== OpenSSH Server + RDP =====
+  # sshd gives the host a management channel (agent-dev-env run windows-vmware
+  # connects to the guest's NAT IP on port 22); RDP gives a desktop session.
+  # Password auth is enabled for the Administrator account so the fixed
+  # sandbox credentials from the vars file work.
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      # Note: Add-WindowsCapability is a cmdlet — it does NOT set
+      # $LASTEXITCODE (a stale $null made the old `if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0)`
+      # check false-fire and abort the build even on success). Failures
+      # surface as terminating errors via -ErrorAction Stop instead.
+      Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0 -ErrorAction Stop
+      Set-Service -Name sshd -StartupType Automatic
+      $cfg = 'C:\ProgramData\ssh\sshd_config'
+      if (Test-Path $cfg) {
+        (Get-Content $cfg) -replace '#PasswordAuthentication yes','PasswordAuthentication yes' `
+          -replace 'Match Group administrators','#Match Group administrators' `
+          -replace '       AuthorizedKeysFile __PROGRAMDATA__/ssh/administrators_authorized_keys','#       AuthorizedKeysFile __PROGRAMDATA__/ssh/administrators_authorized_keys' `
+          | Set-Content $cfg
+      }
+      # PowerShell as the default SSH shell
+      New-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\OpenSSH' -Name DefaultShell -Value 'C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe' -PropertyType String -Force | Out-Null
+      New-NetFirewallRule -Name sshd -DisplayName 'OpenSSH Server' -Enabled True -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -Action Allow -LocalPort 22 | Out-Null
+      Start-Service sshd
+      # RDP
+      Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server' -Name fDenyTSConnections -Value 0
+      Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayGroup 'Remote Desktop'
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Bridge tooling: socat + npiperelay (best-effort) =====
+  # Used by the SSH-agent bridge on the host side of the sandbox runner
+  # (see docs/windows-vmware.md). Not load-bearing for the image itself, so
+  # a download failure only warns.
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      $ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
+      try {
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path C:\tools | Out-Null
+        Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri 'https://github.com/jstarks/npiperelay/releases/download/v0.1.0/npiperelay_windows_amd64.zip' -OutFile "$env:TEMP\npiperelay.zip"
+        Expand-Archive "$env:TEMP\npiperelay.zip" -DestinationPath C:\tools -Force
+        Remove-Item "$env:TEMP\npiperelay.zip" -Force
+        Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri 'https://github.com/valorisa/socat-1.8.0.1_for_Windows/raw/main/socat.exe' -OutFile 'C:\tools\socat.exe'
+        $machinePath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path','Machine').TrimEnd(';')
+        if (-not (($machinePath -split ';') -contains 'C:\tools')) {
+          [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Path', $machinePath + ';C:\tools', 'Machine')
+        }
+        Write-Host 'Bridge tooling installed: C:\tools\npiperelay.exe, C:\tools\socat.exe'
+      } catch {
+        Write-Warning "Bridge tooling install failed (bridges will be unavailable): $($_.Exception.Message)"
+      }
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Performance & privacy hardening =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      # --- Disable Defender realtime scanning (speed + flakiness) ---
+      Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true
+      reg add 'HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender' /v DisableAntiSpyware /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f
+      # --- Disable heavyweight / telemetry services ---
+      $disableServices = @(
+        'WSearch',       # Windows Search indexer
+        'SysMain',       # Superfetch
+        'DiagTrack',     # Diagnostics Tracking (telemetry)
+        'dmwappushservice',
+        'MapsBroker',    # Downloaded Maps Manager
+        'lfsvc',         # Geolocation
+        'RetailDemo',
+        'wisvc'          # Windows Insider
+      )
+      foreach ($svc in $disableServices) {
+        $s = Get-Service $svc -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        if ($s) {
+          Stop-Service $svc -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+          Set-Service $svc -StartupType Disabled -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        }
+      }
+      # --- Scheduled telemetry tasks ---
+      @(
+        '\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Application Experience\\',
+        '\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Customer Experience Improvement Program\\'
+      ) | ForEach-Object {
+        Get-ScheduledTask -TaskPath $_ -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Disable-ScheduledTask -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
+      }
+      # --- Filesystem + boot + power ---
+      fsutil behavior set disablelastaccess 1 | Out-Null
+      fsutil behavior set disable8dot3 1 | Out-Null
+      bcdedit /timeout 0 | Out-Null
+      powercfg /h off | Out-Null
+      Set-TimeZone -Id 'UTC'
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+
+  # ===== Final verification & cleanup =====
+  provisioner "powershell" {
+    elevated_user     = var.winrm_username
+    elevated_password = var.winrm_password
+    inline = [<<-END
+      $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+      Write-Host '=== Versions ==='
+      $os = Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem
+      Write-Host "Windows: $($os.Caption) build $($os.BuildNumber)"
+      Write-Host "PowerShell execution policy: $(Get-ExecutionPolicy -Scope LocalMachine)"
+      node --version
+      npm --version
+      python --version
+      git --version
+      gh --version
+      rg --version
+      jq --version
+      opencode --version
+      ocr --version
+      openchamber --version
+      docker --version
+      docker compose version
+      # New toolchains: check-and-warn. A missing helper must never fail
+      # the build — e.g. llvm-config is not shipped by every LLVM Windows
+      # build, and choco packages do not shim every binary.
+      $checkTools = @(
+        @('go', 'version'),
+        @('rustc', '--version'),
+        @('cargo', '--version'),
+        @('protoc', '--version'),
+        @('nasm', '--version'),
+        @('clang', '--version'),
+        @('x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc', '--version')
+      )
+      foreach ($tool in $checkTools) {
+        $cmd = Get-Command $tool[0] -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        if ($cmd) {
+          & $cmd.Source $tool[1]
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { Write-Warning "$($tool[0]) --version failed ($LASTEXITCODE)" }
+        } else {
+          Write-Warning "$($tool[0]) not found on PATH"
+        }
+      }
+      if (Test-Path 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC') {
+        Write-Host "MSVC: $('C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC')"
+      }
+      # VMware Tools are load-bearing for the sandbox runner: vmrun
+      # getGuestIPAddress (guest IP discovery) and HGFS shared folders
+      # need the vmtoolsd service. The ARM64 tools MSI ships no VMCI
+      # driver (Fusion's windows.iso carries vmxnet3 + vm3d +
+      # vmusbmouse only), so the tools installer skips its own service
+      # registration and a plain install lands with vmtoolsd.exe present
+      # but no service (observed as the runner stuck at "Waiting for the
+      # guest IP" for 15 min). Register it here, in the final
+      # verification — NOT in autounattend.xml's FirstLogonCommands: a
+      # longer tools CommandLine (service registration inline) broke
+      # Windows Setup at first boot ("Windows could not complete the
+      # installation", Pre-OOBE windeploy 0x80220005, build hung on
+      # "Waiting for WinRM"), so the unattend command must stay small.
+      # Fail hard when the service still did not come up — such an image
+      # is not runnable, so a build that ships it must fail instead.
+      $vmtoolsExe = 'C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Tools\vmtoolsd.exe'
+      $vmtoolsSvc = Get-Service 'VMware Tools' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      if ((Test-Path $vmtoolsExe) -and -not $vmtoolsSvc) {
+        Write-Host "Registering 'VMware Tools' service (ARM64 tools skip the VMCI driver)"
+        New-Service -Name 'VMware Tools' -DisplayName 'VMware Tools' `
+          -BinaryPathName "\"$vmtoolsExe\"" -StartupType Automatic | Out-Null
+        $vmtoolsSvc = Get-Service 'VMware Tools' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      }
+      if ($vmtoolsSvc -and $vmtoolsSvc.Status -ne 'Running') {
+        Start-Service 'VMware Tools' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        $vmtoolsSvc = Get-Service 'VMware Tools' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      }
+      $vmtoolsd = Test-Path $vmtoolsExe
+      if (-not $vmtoolsd -or -not $vmtoolsSvc -or $vmtoolsSvc.Status -ne 'Running') {
+        # ASCII-only error message: non-ASCII characters in inline
+        # PowerShell string literals are mangled in the WinRM transfer
+        # (the em-dash came back as a smart quote, which closed the
+        # string early and killed the whole script's parse).
+        throw "VMware Tools are not fully installed - vmtoolsd.exe present: $vmtoolsd; 'VMware Tools' service: $($vmtoolsSvc). The sandbox runner needs the Tools service (vmrun getGuestIPAddress, HGFS); check the autounattend tools step."
+      }
+      Write-Host "VMware Tools: vmtoolsd.exe present, 'VMware Tools' service running ($($vmtoolsSvc.Status))"
+      Write-Host "Chrome: $(Test-Path 'C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe')"
+      Write-Host "Firefox: $(Test-Path 'C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe')"
+      Write-Host "VS Code: $(Test-Path "$env:LOCALAPPDATA\Programs\Microsoft VS Code\bin\code.cmd")"
+      # Cleanup — must never fail the build: choco cleanup can exit non-zero
+      # (locked files etc.) and that $LASTEXITCODE would otherwise propagate
+      # as the script's exit code even though everything succeeded. The
+      # redirect happens inside cmd so PowerShell 5.1 never turns choco's
+      # stderr into a terminating error under $ErrorActionPreference='Stop'.
+      cmd /c "choco cleanup -y > NUL 2>&1"
+      $LASTEXITCODE = 0
+      Remove-Item -Path $env:TEMP\* -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+      Write-Host 'Windows sandbox image complete'
+      END
+    ]
+  }
+}