@zenfs/core 2.2.2 → 2.3.0

package/dist/vfs/stats.js

@@ -14,72 +14,109 @@ export class StatsCommon {
         return this._convert(Math.ceil(Number(this.size) / 512));
     }
     set blocks(value) { }
+    /**
+     * Unix-style file mode (e.g. 0o644) that includes the type of the item.
+     */
+    mode;
+    /**
+     * ID of device containing file
+     */
+    dev = this._convert(0);
+    /**
+     * Inode number
+     */
+    ino = this._convert(0);
+    /**
+     * Device ID (if special file)
+     */
+    rdev = this._convert(0);
+    /**
+     * Number of hard links
+     */
+    nlink = this._convert(1);
+    /**
+     * Block size for file system I/O
+     */
+    blksize = this._convert(4096);
+    /**
+     * User ID of owner
+     */
+    uid = this._convert(0);
+    /**
+     * Group ID of owner
+     */
+    gid = this._convert(0);
+    /**
+     * Time of last access, since epoch
+     */
+    atimeMs;
     get atime() {
         return new Date(Number(this.atimeMs));
     }
     set atime(value) {
         this.atimeMs = this._convert(value.getTime());
     }
+    /**
+     * Time of last modification, since epoch
+     */
+    mtimeMs;
     get mtime() {
         return new Date(Number(this.mtimeMs));
     }
     set mtime(value) {
         this.mtimeMs = this._convert(value.getTime());
     }
+    /**
+     * Time of last time file status was changed, since epoch
+     */
+    ctimeMs;
     get ctime() {
         return new Date(Number(this.ctimeMs));
     }
     set ctime(value) {
         this.ctimeMs = this._convert(value.getTime());
     }
+    /**
+     * Time of file creation, since epoch
+     */
+    birthtimeMs;
     get birthtime() {
         return new Date(Number(this.birthtimeMs));
     }
     set birthtime(value) {
         this.birthtimeMs = this._convert(value.getTime());
     }
+    /**
+     * Size of the item in bytes.
+     * For directories/symlinks, this is normally the size of the struct that represents the item.
+     */
+    size;
+    /**
+     * @internal Used by inodes
+     */
+    data;
+    /**
+     * @internal Used by inodes
+     */
+    flags;
+    /**
+     * @internal Used by inodes
+     */
+    version;
     /**
      * Creates a new stats instance from a stats-like object. Can be used to copy stats (note)
      */
     constructor({ atimeMs, mtimeMs, ctimeMs, birthtimeMs, uid, gid, size, mode, ino, ...rest } = {}) {
-        /**
-         * ID of device containing file
-         */
-        this.dev = this._convert(0);
-        /**
-         * Inode number
-         */
-        this.ino = this._convert(0);
-        /**
-         * Device ID (if special file)
-         */
-        this.rdev = this._convert(0);
-        /**
-         * Number of hard links
-         */
-        this.nlink = this._convert(1);
-        /**
-         * Block size for file system I/O
-         */
-        this.blksize = this._convert(4096);
-        /**
-         * User ID of owner
-         */
-        this.uid = this._convert(0);
-        /**
-         * Group ID of owner
-         */
-        this.gid = this._convert(0);
         const now = Date.now();
-        this.atimeMs = this._convert(atimeMs !== null && atimeMs !== void 0 ? atimeMs : now);
-        this.mtimeMs = this._convert(mtimeMs !== null && mtimeMs !== void 0 ? mtimeMs : now);
-        this.ctimeMs = this._convert(ctimeMs !== null && ctimeMs !== void 0 ? ctimeMs : now);
-        this.birthtimeMs = this._convert(birthtimeMs !== null && birthtimeMs !== void 0 ? birthtimeMs : now);
-        this.uid = this._convert(uid !== null && uid !== void 0 ? uid : 0);
-        this.gid = this._convert(gid !== null && gid !== void 0 ? gid : 0);
-        this.size = this._convert(size !== null && size !== void 0 ? size : 0);
-        this.ino = this._convert(ino !== null && ino !== void 0 ? ino : 0);
-        this.mode = this._convert(mode !== null && mode !== void 0 ? mode : 0o644 & c.S_IFREG);
+        this.atimeMs = this._convert(atimeMs ?? now);
+        this.mtimeMs = this._convert(mtimeMs ?? now);
+        this.ctimeMs = this._convert(ctimeMs ?? now);
+        this.birthtimeMs = this._convert(birthtimeMs ?? now);
+        this.uid = this._convert(uid ?? 0);
+        this.gid = this._convert(gid ?? 0);
+        this.size = this._convert(size ?? 0);
+        this.ino = this._convert(ino ?? 0);
+        this.mode = this._convert(mode ?? 0o644 & c.S_IFREG);
         if ((this.mode & c.S_IFMT) == 0) {
             this.mode = (this.mode | this._convert(c.S_IFREG));
         }
@@ -154,20 +191,14 @@ export function _chown(stats, uid, gid) {
  * @see http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/stat.2.html
  */
 export class Stats extends StatsCommon {
-    constructor() {
-        super(...arguments);
-        this._isBigint = false;
-    }
+    _isBigint = false;
 }
 Stats;
 /**
  * Stats with bigint
  */
 export class BigIntStats extends StatsCommon {
-    constructor() {
-        super(...arguments);
-        this._isBigint = true;
-    }
+    _isBigint = true;
 }
 /**
  * Determines if the file stats have changed by comparing relevant properties.
@@ -190,41 +221,37 @@ export const ZenFsType = 0x7a656e6673; // 'z' 'e' 'n' 'f' 's'
  * @hidden
  */
 export class StatsFs {
-    constructor() {
-        /** Type of file system. */
-        this.type = 0x7a656e6673;
-        /**  Optimal transfer block size. */
-        this.bsize = 4096;
-        /**  Total data blocks in file system. */
-        this.blocks = 0;
-        /** Free blocks in file system. */
-        this.bfree = 0;
-        /** Available blocks for unprivileged users */
-        this.bavail = 0;
-        /** Total file nodes in file system. */
-        this.files = c.size_max;
-        /** Free file nodes in file system. */
-        this.ffree = c.size_max;
-    }
+    /** Type of file system. */
+    type = 0x7a656e6673;
+    /**  Optimal transfer block size. */
+    bsize = 4096;
+    /**  Total data blocks in file system. */
+    blocks = 0;
+    /** Free blocks in file system. */
+    bfree = 0;
+    /** Available blocks for unprivileged users */
+    bavail = 0;
+    /** Total file nodes in file system. */
+    files = c.size_max;
+    /** Free file nodes in file system. */
+    ffree = c.size_max;
 }
 /**
  * @hidden
  */
 export class BigIntStatsFs {
-    constructor() {
-        /** Type of file system. */
-        this.type = BigInt('0x7a656e6673');
-        /**  Optimal transfer block size. */
-        this.bsize = BigInt(4096);
-        /**  Total data blocks in file system. */
-        this.blocks = BigInt(0);
-        /** Free blocks in file system. */
-        this.bfree = BigInt(0);
-        /** Available blocks for unprivileged users */
-        this.bavail = BigInt(0);
-        /** Total file nodes in file system. */
-        this.files = BigInt(c.size_max);
-        /** Free file nodes in file system. */
-        this.ffree = BigInt(c.size_max);
-    }
+    /** Type of file system. */
+    type = BigInt('0x7a656e6673');
+    /**  Optimal transfer block size. */
+    bsize = BigInt(4096);
+    /**  Total data blocks in file system. */
+    blocks = BigInt(0);
+    /** Free blocks in file system. */
+    bfree = BigInt(0);
+    /** Available blocks for unprivileged users */
+    bavail = BigInt(0);
+    /** Total file nodes in file system. */
+    files = BigInt(c.size_max);
+    /** Free file nodes in file system. */
+    ffree = BigInt(c.size_max);
 }

package/dist/vfs/streams.js

@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ import { Readable, Writable } from 'readable-stream';
  * A ReadStream implementation that wraps an underlying global ReadableStream.
  */
 export class ReadStream extends Readable {
+    pending = true;
+    _path = '<unknown>';
+    _bytesRead = 0;
+    reader;
+    ready;
     constructor(opts = {}, handleOrPromise) {
-        var _a;
-        super({ ...opts, encoding: (_a = opts.encoding) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : undefined });
-        this.pending = true;
-        this._path = '<unknown>';
-        this._bytesRead = 0;
+        super({ ...opts, encoding: opts.encoding ?? undefined });
         this.ready = Promise.resolve(handleOrPromise)
             .then(handle => {
             this._path = handle.path;
@@ -64,11 +65,13 @@ export class ReadStream extends Readable {
  * A WriteStream implementation that wraps an underlying global WritableStream.
  */
 export class WriteStream extends Writable {
+    pending = true;
+    _path = '<unknown>';
+    _bytesWritten = 0;
+    writer;
+    ready;
     constructor(opts = {}, handleOrPromise) {
         super(opts);
-        this.pending = true;
-        this._path = '<unknown>';
-        this._bytesWritten = 0;
         this.ready = Promise.resolve(handleOrPromise)
             .then(handle => {
             this._path = handle.path;

package/dist/vfs/sync.d.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type * as fs from 'node:fs';
 import type { V_Context } from '../context.js';
-import type { FileContents, NullEnc, ReaddirOptions, ReaddirOptsI, ReaddirOptsU } from './types.js';
+import type { FileContents, ReaddirOptions } from './types.js';
 import { Buffer } from 'buffer';
 import { Dir, Dirent } from './dir.js';
 import { BigIntStats, Stats } from './stats.js';
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export declare function lopenSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, flag: stri
  */
 export declare function readFileSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor, options?: {
     flag?: string;
-} | null): Buffer;
+} | null): NonSharedBuffer;
 export declare function readFileSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathOrFileDescriptor, options?: (fs.EncodingOption & {
     flag?: string;
 }) | BufferEncoding | null): string;
@@ -112,19 +112,30 @@ export declare function mkdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?:
     recursive?: false;
 }) | null): void;
 export declare function mkdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: fs.Mode | fs.MakeDirectoryOptions | null): string | undefined;
-export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: ReaddirOptsI<{
+export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: {
+    encoding: BufferEncoding | null;
     withFileTypes?: false;
-}> | NullEnc): string[];
-export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options: fs.BufferEncodingOption & ReaddirOptions & {
+    recursive?: boolean;
+} | BufferEncoding | null): string[];
+export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options: {
+    encoding: 'buffer';
     withFileTypes?: false;
-}): Buffer[];
-export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: ReaddirOptsI<{
+    recursive?: boolean;
+} | 'buffer'): Buffer[];
+export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: (fs.ObjectEncodingOptions & {
     withFileTypes?: false;
-}> | NullEnc): string[] | Buffer[];
-export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options: ReaddirOptsI<{
+    recursive?: boolean;
+}) | BufferEncoding | null): string[] | Buffer[];
+export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options: fs.ObjectEncodingOptions & {
     withFileTypes: true;
-}>): Dirent[];
-export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: ReaddirOptsU<fs.BufferEncodingOption> | NullEnc): string[] | Dirent[] | Buffer[];
+    recursive?: boolean;
+}): Dirent[];
+export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options: {
+    encoding: 'buffer';
+    withFileTypes: true;
+    recursive?: boolean;
+}): Dirent<Buffer>[];
+export declare function readdirSync(this: V_Context, path: fs.PathLike, options?: ReaddirOptions): string[] | Dirent<any>[] | Buffer[];
 export declare function linkSync(this: V_Context, targetPath: fs.PathLike, linkPath: fs.PathLike): void;
 /**
  * Synchronous `symlink`.

package/dist/vfs/sync.js

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ export function statSync(path, options) {
     }
     if (checkAccess && !hasAccess(this, stats, constants.R_OK))
         throw UV('EACCES', { syscall: 'stat', path });
-    return (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.bigint) ? new BigIntStats(stats) : new Stats(stats);
+    return options?.bigint ? new BigIntStats(stats) : new Stats(stats);
 }
 statSync;
 export function lstatSync(path, options) {
@@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ export function lstatSync(path, options) {
     const stats = wrap(fs, 'statSync', path)(resolved);
     if (checkAccess && !hasAccess(this, stats, constants.R_OK))
         throw UV('EACCES', { syscall: 'lstat', path });
-    return (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.bigint) ? new BigIntStats(stats) : new Stats(stats);
+    return options?.bigint ? new BigIntStats(stats) : new Stats(stats);
 }
 lstatSync;
 export function truncateSync(path, len = 0) {
     const env_1 = { stack: [], error: void 0, hasError: false };
     try {
         const file = __addDisposableResource(env_1, _openSync.call(this, path, { flag: 'r+' }), false);
-        len || (len = 0);
+        len ||= 0;
         if (len < 0)
             throw UV('EINVAL', 'truncate', path.toString());
         file.truncate(len);
@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ export function unlinkSync(path) {
 }
 unlinkSync;
 function _openSync(path, opt) {
-    var _a;
     path = normalizePath(path);
     const mode = normalizeMode(opt.mode, 0o644), flag = flags.parse(opt.flag);
     path = opt.preserveSymlinks ? path : realpathSync.call(this, path);
@@ -209,7 +208,7 @@ function _openSync(path, opt) {
         if (checkAccess && !hasAccess(this, parentStats, constants.W_OK)) {
             throw UV('EACCES', 'open', path);
         }
-        const { euid: uid, egid: gid } = (_a = this === null || this === void 0 ? void 0 : this.credentials) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : defaultContext.credentials;
+        const { euid: uid, egid: gid } = this?.credentials ?? defaultContext.credentials;
         const inode = fs.createFileSync(resolved, {
             mode,
             uid: parentStats.mode & constants.S_ISUID ? parentStats.uid : uid,
@@ -339,7 +338,7 @@ export function appendFileSync(filename, data, _options = {}) {
 appendFileSync;
 export function fstatSync(fd, options) {
     const stats = fromFD(this, fd).stat();
-    return (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.bigint) ? new BigIntStats(stats) : new Stats(stats);
+    return options?.bigint ? new BigIntStats(stats) : new Stats(stats);
 }
 fstatSync;
 export function closeSync(fd) {
@@ -348,7 +347,7 @@ export function closeSync(fd) {
 }
 closeSync;
 export function ftruncateSync(fd, len = 0) {
-    len || (len = 0);
+    len ||= 0;
     if (len < 0) {
         throw new Exception(Errno.EINVAL);
     }
@@ -381,7 +380,7 @@ export function writeSync(fd, data, posOrOff, lenOrEnc, pos) {
         position = typeof pos === 'number' ? pos : null;
     }
     const file = fromFD(this, fd);
-    position !== null && position !== void 0 ? position : (position = file.position);
+    position ??= file.position;
     const bytesWritten = file.write(buffer, offset, length, position);
     emitChange(this, 'change', file.path);
     return bytesWritten;
@@ -441,10 +440,9 @@ export function rmdirSync(path) {
 }
 rmdirSync;
 export function mkdirSync(path, options) {
-    var _a;
-    const { euid: uid, egid: gid } = (_a = this === null || this === void 0 ? void 0 : this.credentials) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : defaultContext.credentials;
+    const { euid: uid, egid: gid } = this?.credentials ?? defaultContext.credentials;
     options = typeof options === 'object' ? options : { mode: options };
-    const mode = normalizeMode(options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.mode, 0o777);
+    const mode = normalizeMode(options?.mode, 0o777);
     path = realpathSync.call(this, path);
     const { fs, path: resolved } = resolveMount(path, this);
     const __create = (path, resolved, parent) => {
@@ -458,7 +456,7 @@ export function mkdirSync(path, options) {
         emitChange(this, 'rename', path);
         return inode;
     };
-    if (!(options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.recursive)) {
+    if (!options?.recursive) {
         __create(path, resolved, wrap(fs, 'statSync', dirname(path))(dirname(resolved)));
         return;
     }
@@ -495,16 +493,16 @@ export function readdirSync(path, options) {
         catch {
             continue;
         }
-        if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.withFileTypes) {
-            values.push(new Dirent(entry, entryStat));
+        if (options?.withFileTypes) {
+            values.push(new Dirent(entry, entryStat, options.encoding));
         }
-        else if ((options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.encoding) == 'buffer') {
+        else if (options?.encoding == 'buffer') {
             values.push(Buffer.from(entry));
         }
         else {
             values.push(entry);
         }
-        if (!isDirectory(entryStat) || !(options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.recursive))
+        if (!isDirectory(entryStat) || !options?.recursive)
             continue;
         for (const subEntry of readdirSync.call(this, join(path, entry), options)) {
             if (subEntry instanceof Dirent) {
@@ -576,12 +574,12 @@ export function readlinkSync(path, options) {
         const size = handle.inode.size;
         const data = Buffer.alloc(size);
         handle.read(data, 0, size, 0);
-        const encoding = typeof options == 'object' ? options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.encoding : options;
+        const encoding = typeof options == 'object' ? options?.encoding : options;
         if (encoding == 'buffer') {
             return data;
         }
         // always defaults to utf-8 to avoid wrangler (cloudflare) worker "unknown encoding" exception
-        return data.toString(encoding !== null && encoding !== void 0 ? encoding : 'utf-8');
+        return data.toString(encoding ?? 'utf-8');
     }
     catch (e_6) {
         env_6.error = e_6;
@@ -680,8 +678,7 @@ function _resolveSync($, path, preserveSymlinks) {
     return _resolveSync($, target);
 }
 export function realpathSync(path, options) {
-    var _a;
-    const encoding = typeof options == 'string' ? options : ((_a = options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.encoding) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : 'utf8');
+    const encoding = typeof options == 'string' ? options : (options?.encoding ?? 'utf8');
     path = normalizePath(path);
     const { fullPath } = _resolveSync(this, path);
     if (encoding == 'utf8' || encoding == 'utf-8')
@@ -711,14 +708,14 @@ export function rmSync(path, options) {
         stats = lstatSync.bind(this)(path);
     }
     catch (error) {
-        if (error.code != 'ENOENT' || !(options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.force))
+        if (error.code != 'ENOENT' || !options?.force)
             throw error;
     }
     if (!stats)
         return;
     switch (stats.mode & constants.S_IFMT) {
         case constants.S_IFDIR:
-            if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.recursive) {
+            if (options?.recursive) {
                 for (const entry of readdirSync.call(this, path)) {
                     rmSync.call(this, join(path, entry), options);
                 }
@@ -739,7 +736,7 @@ export function rmSync(path, options) {
 }
 rmSync;
 export function mkdtempSync(prefix, options) {
-    const encoding = typeof options === 'object' ? options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.encoding : options || 'utf8';
+    const encoding = typeof options === 'object' ? options?.encoding : options || 'utf8';
     const fsName = `${prefix}${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`;
     const resolvedPath = '/tmp/' + fsName;
     mkdirSync.call(this, resolvedPath);
@@ -820,11 +817,11 @@ export function cpSync(source, destination, opts) {
     source = normalizePath(source);
     destination = normalizePath(destination);
     const srcStats = lstatSync.call(this, source); // Use lstat to follow symlinks if not dereferencing
-    if ((opts === null || opts === void 0 ? void 0 : opts.errorOnExist) && existsSync.call(this, destination))
+    if (opts?.errorOnExist && existsSync.call(this, destination))
         throw UV('EEXIST', 'cp', destination);
     switch (srcStats.mode & constants.S_IFMT) {
         case constants.S_IFDIR:
-            if (!(opts === null || opts === void 0 ? void 0 : opts.recursive))
+            if (!opts?.recursive)
                 throw UV('EISDIR', 'cp', source);
             mkdirSync.call(this, destination, { recursive: true }); // Ensure the destination directory exists
             for (const dirent of readdirSync.call(this, source, { withFileTypes: true })) {
@@ -846,7 +843,7 @@ export function cpSync(source, destination, opts) {
             throw UV('ENOSYS', 'cp', source);
     }
     // Optionally preserve timestamps
-    if (opts === null || opts === void 0 ? void 0 : opts.preserveTimestamps) {
+    if (opts?.preserveTimestamps) {
         utimesSync.call(this, destination, srcStats.atime, srcStats.mtime);
     }
 }
@@ -854,7 +851,7 @@ cpSync;
 export function statfsSync(path, options) {
     path = normalizePath(path);
     const { fs } = resolveMount(path, this);
-    return _statfs(fs, options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.bigint);
+    return _statfs(fs, options?.bigint);
 }
 export function globSync(pattern, options = {}) {
     pattern = Array.isArray(pattern) ? pattern : [pattern];

package/dist/vfs/types.d.ts

@@ -15,15 +15,10 @@ export interface OpenOptions {
      */
     allowDirectory?: boolean;
 }
-export interface ReaddirOptions {
+export type ReaddirOptions = {
     withFileTypes?: boolean;
     recursive?: boolean;
-}
+    encoding?: BufferEncoding | 'buffer' | null;
+} | BufferEncoding | 'buffer' | null;
 /** Helper union @hidden */
 export type GlobOptionsU = fs.GlobOptionsWithFileTypes | fs.GlobOptionsWithoutFileTypes | fs.GlobOptions;
-/** Helper with union @hidden */
-export type ReaddirOptsU<T> = (ReaddirOptions & (fs.ObjectEncodingOptions | T)) | NullEnc;
-/** Helper with intersection @hidden */
-export type ReaddirOptsI<T> = ReaddirOptions & fs.ObjectEncodingOptions & T;
-/** @hidden */
-export type NullEnc = BufferEncoding | null;

package/dist/vfs/watchers.js

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import { statSync } from './sync.js';
  * @template TEvents The type of events emitted by the watcher.
  */
 class Watcher extends EventEmitter {
+    _context;
+    path;
     /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
     off(event, fn, context, once) {
         return super.off(event, fn, context, once);
@@ -56,10 +58,12 @@ class Watcher extends EventEmitter {
  * @template T The type of the filename, either `string` or `Buffer`.
  */
 export class FSWatcher extends Watcher {
+    options;
+    realpath;
     constructor(context, path, options) {
         super(context, path);
         this.options = options;
-        this.realpath = (context === null || context === void 0 ? void 0 : context.root) ? join(context.root, path) : path;
+        this.realpath = context?.root ? join(context.root, path) : path;
         addWatcher(this.realpath, this);
     }
     close() {
@@ -76,6 +80,9 @@ export class FSWatcher extends Watcher {
  * Instances of `StatWatcher` are used by `fs.watchFile()` to monitor changes to a file's statistics.
  */
 export class StatWatcher extends Watcher {
+    options;
+    intervalId;
+    previous;
     constructor(context, path, options) {
         super(context, path);
         this.options = options;
@@ -139,9 +146,8 @@ export function removeWatcher(path, watcher) {
  * @internal @hidden
  */
 export function emitChange($, eventType, filename) {
-    var _a;
     if ($)
-        filename = join((_a = $.root) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : '/', filename);
+        filename = join($.root ?? '/', filename);
     filename = normalizePath(filename);
     // Notify watchers, including ones on parent directories if they are watching recursively
     for (let path = filename; path != '/'; path = dirname(path)) {