@willaimg/yatsp 4.3.6

package/src/v4/classic/tests/optin-ladder.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+import { expect, expectTypeOf, test } from "vitest";
+import { z } from "yatsp/v4";
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
+ * TYPE-LEVEL — the dangerous half. Defaults must stay OPTIONAL in
+ * z.input and REQUIRED in z.output, exactly as before the ladder.
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+test("ladder: z.input / z.output unchanged by the extra rung", () => {
+  const objDefault = z.object({ a: z.string().default("D"), b: z.number() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof objDefault>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a?: string | undefined; b: number }>();
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof objDefault>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a: string; b: number }>();
+
+  const objPrefault = z.object({ a: z.string().prefault("P"), b: z.number() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof objPrefault>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a?: string | undefined; b: number }>();
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof objPrefault>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a: string; b: number }>();
+
+  const objOptional = z.object({ a: z.string().optional() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof objOptional>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a?: string | undefined }>();
+
+  const objTransform = z.object({
+    a: z
+      .string()
+      .default("")
+      .transform((v) => v.length),
+  });
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof objTransform>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a?: string | undefined }>();
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof objTransform>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a: number }>();
+
+  const standalone = z.string().default("D");
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof standalone>>().toEqualTypeOf<string | undefined>();
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof standalone>>().toEqualTypeOf<string>();
+
+  // a trailing defaulted tuple slot stays optional in the input tuple
+  const tup = z.tuple([z.string(), z.number().default(1)]);
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof tup>>().toEqualTypeOf<[string, (number | undefined)?]>();
+
+  const partialed = objDefault.partial();
+  expectTypeOf<z.input<typeof partialed>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ a?: string | undefined; b?: number | undefined }>();
+});
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
+ * RUNTIME
+ * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
+test("ladder: the #6321 regression is fixed", () => {
+  const arr = z
+    .string()
+    .default("")
+    .transform((v) => (v ? v.split(",") : []));
+  expect(z.object({ a: arr }).partial().parse({})).toEqual({ a: [] });
+  expect(z.object({ a: arr }).partial().parse({ a: undefined })).toEqual({ a: [] });
+  expect(z.object({ a: arr }).partial().parse({ a: "x,y" })).toEqual({ a: ["x", "y"] });
+  expect(arr.optional().parse(undefined)).toEqual([]);
+  expect(
+    z
+      .string()
+      .prefault("hi")
+      .transform((v) => v.length)
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBe(2);
+});
+
+test("ladder: key-level admissibility across every rung", () => {
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().default("D") }).parse({})).toEqual({ a: "D" });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().prefault("P") }).parse({})).toEqual({ a: "P" });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().optional() }).parse({})).toEqual({});
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.transform(() => "T") }).parse({})).toEqual({ a: "T" });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().catch("C") }).parse({})).toEqual({ a: "C" });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string() }).safeParse({}).success).toBe(false);
+});
+
+test("ladder: exactOptional keeps its distinct meaning", () => {
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().exactOptional() }).parse({})).toEqual({});
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().exactOptional() }).safeParse({ a: undefined }).success).toBe(false);
+});
+
+// An absent key never materializes a value from a schema that only claims the middle rung, however that schema answers `undefined`. The top rung still substitutes, and an explicitly present `undefined` still runs the inner.
+test.each([true, false])("ladder: an absent key stays absent on the middle rung (jitless=%s)", (jitless) => {
+  const opts = { jitless };
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.coerce.string().exactOptional() }).parse({}, opts)).toStrictEqual({});
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().catch("C").exactOptional() }).parse({}, opts)).toStrictEqual({});
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.preprocess((v) => v ?? "X", z.string()).exactOptional() }).parse({}, opts)).toStrictEqual({});
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.union([z.coerce.string(), z.string().optional()]) }).parse({}, opts)).toStrictEqual({});
+
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().default("D").exactOptional() }).parse({}, opts)).toStrictEqual({ a: "D" });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.string().prefault("P").exactOptional() }).parse({}, opts)).toStrictEqual({ a: "P" });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.coerce.string().exactOptional() }).parse({ a: undefined }, opts)).toStrictEqual({
+    a: "undefined",
+  });
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.coerce.string() }).parse({ a: undefined }, opts)).toStrictEqual({ a: "undefined" });
+});
+
+test("ladder: an absent tuple slot on the middle rung truncates the tail", () => {
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string(), z.coerce.string().exactOptional()]).parse(["x"])).toStrictEqual(["x"]);
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string(), z.string().catch("C").exactOptional()]).parse(["x"])).toStrictEqual(["x"]);
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string(), z.string().default("D").exactOptional()]).parse(["x"])).toStrictEqual(["x", "D"]);
+});
+
+// z.compile() assembles its own output, so the gate has to be mirrored there or compile mode silently keeps the invented value.
+test("ladder: compile mode agrees with the interpreted and JIT paths on absent middle-rung slots", () => {
+  const objects = [
+    [z.object({ a: z.coerce.string().exactOptional() }), {}],
+    [z.object({ a: z.string().catch("C").exactOptional() }), {}],
+    [z.object({ a: z.string().default("D").exactOptional() }), { a: "D" }],
+    [z.object({ a: z.string().catch("C") }), { a: "C" }],
+  ] as const;
+  for (const [schema, expected] of objects) {
+    expect(z.compile(schema).parse({})).toStrictEqual(expected);
+    expect(schema.parse({}, { jitless: true })).toStrictEqual(expected);
+    expect(schema.parse({})).toStrictEqual(expected);
+  }
+
+  const tuples = [
+    [z.tuple([z.string(), z.coerce.string().exactOptional()]), ["x"]],
+    [z.tuple([z.string(), z.string().default("D").exactOptional()]), ["x", "D"]],
+  ] as const;
+  for (const [schema, expected] of tuples) {
+    expect(z.compile(schema).parse(["x"])).toStrictEqual(expected);
+    expect(schema.parse(["x"], { jitless: true })).toStrictEqual(expected);
+  }
+});
+
+test("ladder: tuple minimum length respects every rung", () => {
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string().default("D")]).parse([])).toEqual(["D"]);
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string().prefault("P")]).parse([])).toEqual(["P"]);
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string().optional()]).parse([])).toEqual([]);
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string()]).safeParse([]).success).toBe(false);
+  expect(z.tuple([z.string(), z.number().default(1)]).parse(["x"])).toEqual(["x", 1]);
+});
+
+test("ladder: the #5941 / #5939 clobber invariants still hold", () => {
+  expect(
+    z
+      .preprocess((v) => v ?? "X", z.string())
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(z.string().catch("X").optional().parse(undefined)).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(
+    z
+      .string()
+      .catch("X")
+      .transform((s) => `${s}!`)
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(
+    z
+      .transform(() => "T")
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(
+    z
+      .union([z.preprocess((v) => v ?? "X", z.string()), z.number()])
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(z.object({ a: z.preprocess((v) => v ?? "X", z.string()) }).parse({})).toEqual({ a: "X" });
+});
+
+test("ladder: the top rung survives every wrapper order", () => {
+  expect(z.string().default("D").optional().parse(undefined)).toBe("D");
+  expect(z.string().default("D").optional().optional().parse(undefined)).toBe("D");
+  expect(z.string().default("D").nullable().optional().parse(undefined)).toBe("D");
+  expect(z.string().default("D").readonly().optional().parse(undefined)).toBe("D");
+  expect(z.string().default("D").catch("C").optional().parse(undefined)).toBe("D");
+  expect(z.string().default("D").pipe(z.string()).optional().parse(undefined)).toBe("D");
+  expect(
+    z
+      .union([z.string().default("D"), z.number()])
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBe("D");
+  expect(
+    z
+      .lazy(() => z.string().default("D"))
+      .optional()
+      .parse(undefined)
+  ).toBe("D");
+});
+
+test("ladder: record and catchall paths that read optin", () => {
+  expect(z.record(z.string(), z.string().default("D")).parse({ k: undefined })).toEqual({ k: "D" });
+  expect(z.object({}).catchall(z.string().default("D")).parse({ x: undefined })).toEqual({ x: "D" });
+});
+
+test("ladder: async parity", async () => {
+  const a = z
+    .string()
+    .default("")
+    .transform(async (v) => (v ? v.split(",") : []));
+  expect((await a.optional().safeParseAsync(undefined)).data).toEqual([]);
+  expect((await z.object({ a }).partial().safeParseAsync({})).data).toEqual({ a: [] });
+  expect(
+    (
+      await z
+        .preprocess(async (v) => v ?? "X", z.string())
+        .optional()
+        .safeParseAsync(undefined)
+    ).data
+  ).toBeUndefined();
+});
+
+test("ladder: the rung values themselves", () => {
+  expect(z.string()._yatsp.optin).toBeUndefined();
+  expect(z.string().optional()._yatsp.optin).toBe("optional");
+  expect(z.transform(() => 1)._yatsp.optin).toBe("optional");
+  expect(z.string().catch("C")._yatsp.optin).toBe("optional");
+  expect(z.string().default("D")._yatsp.optin).toBe("defaulted");
+  expect(z.string().prefault("P")._yatsp.optin).toBe("defaulted");
+  expect(
+    z
+      .string()
+      .default("D")
+      .transform((v) => v)._yatsp.optin
+  ).toBe("defaulted");
+  expect(z.string().default("D").optional()._yatsp.optin).toBe("defaulted");
+  expect(z.union([z.string().default("D"), z.number()])._yatsp.optin).toBe("defaulted");
+  expect(z.union([z.string().optional(), z.number()])._yatsp.optin).toBe("optional");
+});
+
+test("exactOptional overrides the values and pattern optional installs", () => {
+  expect(z.exactOptional(z.enum(["a", "b"]))._yatsp.values).toEqual(new Set(["a", "b"]));
+  // a format carries its pattern on its def; a chained `.regex()` no longer folds into the inner `_yatsp.pattern`, the template literal derives that itself
+  expect(z.exactOptional(z.stringFormat("abc", /^abc$/))._yatsp.pattern).toEqual(/^abc$/);
+  expect(z.templateLiteral(["a", z.exactOptional(z.literal("b"))]).safeParse("a").success).toEqual(false);
+});
+
+// The override is installed once, on a prototype every instance of the type shares, so it has to hold for instances built after the first.
+test("exactOptional's override holds for later instances", () => {
+  z.exactOptional(z.enum(["a", "b"]));
+  expect(z.exactOptional(z.enum(["c", "d"]))._yatsp.values).toEqual(new Set(["c", "d"]));
+  expect(z.exactOptional(z.stringFormat("xyz", /^xyz$/))._yatsp.pattern).toEqual(/^xyz$/);
+});

package/src/v4/classic/tests/optional.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+// @ts-ignore TS6133
+import { expect, expectTypeOf, test } from "vitest";
+
+import * as z from "yatsp/v4";
+
+test(".optional()", () => {
+  const schema = z.string().optional();
+  expect(schema.parse("adsf")).toEqual("adsf");
+  expect(schema.parse(undefined)).toEqual(undefined);
+  expect(schema.safeParse(null).success).toEqual(false);
+
+  expectTypeOf<typeof schema._output>().toEqualTypeOf<string | undefined>();
+});
+
+test("unwrap", () => {
+  const unwrapped = z.string().optional().unwrap();
+  expect(unwrapped).toBeInstanceOf(z.YatspString);
+});
+
+test("optionality", () => {
+  const a = z.string();
+  expect(a._yatsp.optin).toEqual(undefined);
+  expect(a._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+
+  const b = z.string().optional();
+  expect(b._yatsp.optin).toEqual("optional");
+  expect(b._yatsp.optout).toEqual("optional");
+
+  const c = z.string().default("asdf");
+  expect(c._yatsp.optin).toEqual("defaulted");
+  expect(c._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+
+  const d = z.string().optional().nullable();
+  expect(d._yatsp.optin).toEqual("optional");
+  expect(d._yatsp.optout).toEqual("optional");
+
+  const e = z.string().default("asdf").nullable();
+  expect(e._yatsp.optin).toEqual("defaulted");
+  expect(e._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+
+  // z.undefined should NOT be optional
+  const f = z.undefined();
+  expect(f._yatsp.optin).toEqual(undefined);
+  expect(f._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+  expectTypeOf<typeof f._yatsp.optin>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | "defaulted" | undefined>();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof f._yatsp.optout>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | undefined>();
+
+  // z.union should be optional if any of the types are optional
+  const g = z.union([z.string(), z.undefined()]);
+  expect(g._yatsp.optin).toEqual(undefined);
+  expect(g._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+  expectTypeOf<typeof g._yatsp.optin>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | "defaulted" | undefined>();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof g._yatsp.optout>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | undefined>();
+
+  const h = z.union([z.string(), z.optional(z.string())]);
+  expect(h._yatsp.optin).toEqual("optional");
+  expect(h._yatsp.optout).toEqual("optional");
+  expectTypeOf<typeof h._yatsp.optin>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | "defaulted">();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof h._yatsp.optout>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional">();
+});
+
+test("pipe optionality", () => {
+  z.string().optional()._yatsp.optin;
+  const a = z.string().optional().pipe(z.string());
+  expect(a._yatsp.optin).toEqual("optional");
+  expect(a._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+  expectTypeOf<typeof a._yatsp.optin>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | "defaulted">();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof a._yatsp.optout>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | undefined>();
+
+  const b = z
+    .string()
+    .transform((val) => (Math.random() ? val : undefined))
+    .pipe(z.string().optional());
+  expect(b._yatsp.optin).toEqual(undefined);
+  expect(b._yatsp.optout).toEqual("optional");
+  expectTypeOf<typeof b._yatsp.optin>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | "defaulted" | undefined>();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof b._yatsp.optout>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional">();
+
+  const c = z.string().default("asdf").pipe(z.string());
+  expect(c._yatsp.optin).toEqual("defaulted");
+  expect(c._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+
+  const d = z
+    .string()
+    .transform((val) => (Math.random() ? val : undefined))
+    .pipe(z.string().default("asdf"));
+  expect(d._yatsp.optin).toEqual(undefined);
+  expect(d._yatsp.optout).toEqual(undefined);
+});
+
+test("pipe optionality inside objects", () => {
+  const schema = z.object({
+    a: z.string().optional(),
+    b: z.string().optional().pipe(z.string()),
+    c: z.string().default("asdf").pipe(z.string()),
+    d: z
+      .string()
+      .transform((val) => (Math.random() ? val : undefined))
+      .pipe(z.string().optional()),
+    e: z
+      .string()
+      .transform((val) => (Math.random() ? val : undefined))
+      .pipe(z.string().default("asdf")),
+  });
+
+  type SchemaIn = z.input<typeof schema>;
+  expectTypeOf<SchemaIn>().toEqualTypeOf<{
+    a?: string | undefined;
+    b?: string | undefined;
+    c?: string | undefined;
+    d: string;
+    e: string;
+  }>();
+
+  type SchemaOut = z.output<typeof schema>;
+  expectTypeOf<SchemaOut>().toEqualTypeOf<{
+    a?: string | undefined;
+    b: string;
+    c: string;
+    d?: string | undefined;
+    e: string;
+  }>();
+});
+
+test("optional prop with pipe", () => {
+  const schema = z.object({
+    id: z
+      .union([z.number(), z.string().nullish()])
+      .transform((val) => (val === null || val === undefined ? val : Number(val)))
+      .pipe(z.number())
+      .optional(),
+  });
+
+  schema.parse({});
+  schema.parse({}, { jitless: true });
+});
+
+test("object absent keys require optin optional", () => {
+  const valueUndefined = z.object({
+    value: z.undefined(),
+    union: z.union([z.string(), z.undefined()]),
+  });
+
+  expect(valueUndefined.safeParse({}).error!.issues).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    [
+      {
+        "code": "invalid_type",
+        "expected": "nonoptional",
+        "message": "Invalid input: expected nonoptional, received undefined",
+        "path": [
+          "value",
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        "code": "invalid_type",
+        "expected": "nonoptional",
+        "message": "Invalid input: expected nonoptional, received undefined",
+        "path": [
+          "union",
+        ],
+      },
+    ]
+  `);
+  expect(valueUndefined.safeParse({}, { jitless: true }).success).toEqual(false);
+  expect(valueUndefined.parse({ value: undefined, union: undefined })).toEqual({
+    value: undefined,
+    union: undefined,
+  });
+
+  const optionalOutOnly = z.object({
+    value: z
+      .string()
+      .transform((val) => (Math.random() ? val : undefined))
+      .pipe(z.string().optional()),
+  });
+  expect(optionalOutOnly.safeParse({}).success).toEqual(false);
+  expect(optionalOutOnly.safeParse({}, { jitless: true }).success).toEqual(false);
+
+  const defaulted = z.object({ value: z.string().default("fallback") });
+  expect(defaulted.parse({})).toEqual({ value: "fallback" });
+  expect(defaulted.parse({}, { jitless: true })).toEqual({ value: "fallback" });
+});
+
+// exactOptional tests
+test(".exactOptional()", () => {
+  const schema = z.string().exactOptional();
+  expect(schema.parse("asdf")).toEqual("asdf");
+  expect(schema.safeParse(undefined).success).toEqual(false);
+  expect(schema.safeParse(null).success).toEqual(false);
+
+  // Type should NOT include undefined
+  expectTypeOf<typeof schema._output>().toEqualTypeOf<string>();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof schema._input>().toEqualTypeOf<string>();
+});
+
+test("exactOptional unwrap", () => {
+  const unwrapped = z.string().exactOptional().unwrap();
+  expect(unwrapped).toBeInstanceOf(z.YatspString);
+});
+
+test("exactOptional optionality", () => {
+  const a = z.string().exactOptional();
+  expect(a._yatsp.optin).toEqual("optional");
+  expect(a._yatsp.optout).toEqual("optional");
+  expectTypeOf<typeof a._yatsp.optin>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional" | "defaulted">();
+  expectTypeOf<typeof a._yatsp.optout>().toEqualTypeOf<"optional">();
+});
+
+test("exactOptional in objects - absent keys", () => {
+  const schema = z.object({
+    a: z.string().exactOptional(),
+  });
+
+  // Absent key should pass
+  expect(schema.parse({})).toEqual({});
+  expect(schema.parse({}, { jitless: true })).toEqual({});
+
+  // Present key with valid value should pass
+  expect(schema.parse({ a: "hello" })).toEqual({ a: "hello" });
+  expect(schema.parse({ a: "hello" }, { jitless: true })).toEqual({ a: "hello" });
+});
+
+test("exactOptional in objects - explicit undefined rejected", () => {
+  const schema = z.object({
+    a: z.string().exactOptional(),
+  });
+
+  // Explicit undefined should fail
+  expect(schema.safeParse({ a: undefined }).success).toEqual(false);
+  expect(schema.safeParse({ a: undefined }, { jitless: true }).success).toEqual(false);
+});
+
+test("exactOptional type inference in objects", () => {
+  const schema = z.object({
+    a: z.string().exactOptional(),
+    b: z.string().optional(),
+  });
+
+  type SchemaIn = z.input<typeof schema>;
+  expectTypeOf<SchemaIn>().toEqualTypeOf<{
+    a?: string;
+    b?: string | undefined;
+  }>();
+
+  type SchemaOut = z.output<typeof schema>;
+  expectTypeOf<SchemaOut>().toEqualTypeOf<{
+    a?: string;
+    b?: string | undefined;
+  }>();
+});
+
+test("exactOptional vs optional comparison", () => {
+  const optionalSchema = z.object({ a: z.string().optional() });
+  const exactOptionalSchema = z.object({ a: z.string().exactOptional() });
+
+  // Both accept absent keys
+  expect(optionalSchema.parse({})).toEqual({});
+  expect(exactOptionalSchema.parse({})).toEqual({});
+
+  // Both accept valid values
+  expect(optionalSchema.parse({ a: "hi" })).toEqual({ a: "hi" });
+  expect(exactOptionalSchema.parse({ a: "hi" })).toEqual({ a: "hi" });
+
+  // optional() accepts explicit undefined
+  expect(optionalSchema.parse({ a: undefined })).toEqual({ a: undefined });
+
+  // exactOptional() rejects explicit undefined
+  expect(exactOptionalSchema.safeParse({ a: undefined }).success).toEqual(false);
+});
+
+// Defensive inference coverage: every schema that propagates `optout` participates in object-key optionality inference. If anyone ever changes the set of values that `optout` can take (or how OptionalOutSchema matches them), these assertions must continue to hold or downstream `z.infer<typeof obj>` types silently flip required keys.
+test("object key optionality through optout propagation", () => {
+  const direct = z.object({ k: z.string().optional() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.infer<typeof direct>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ k?: string | undefined }>();
+
+  const exact = z.object({ k: z.string().exactOptional() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.infer<typeof exact>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ k?: string }>();
+
+  // nullable() preserves the inner type's optout
+  const nullableOpt = z.object({ k: z.string().optional().nullable() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.infer<typeof nullableOpt>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ k?: string | null | undefined }>();
+
+  // optional() wrapping nullable() — still optional out
+  const optNullable = z.object({ k: z.string().nullable().optional() });
+  expectTypeOf<z.infer<typeof optNullable>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ k?: string | null | undefined }>();
+
+  // union containing an optional member must mark the key as optional
+  const unionWithOpt = z.object({ k: z.union([z.string(), z.string().optional()]) });
+  expectTypeOf<z.infer<typeof unionWithOpt>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ k?: string | undefined }>();
+
+  // pipe ending in optional()
+  const pipedToOpt = z.object({
+    k: z
+      .string()
+      .transform((v) => (Math.random() ? v : undefined))
+      .pipe(z.string().optional()),
+  });
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof pipedToOpt>>().toEqualTypeOf<{ k?: string | undefined }>();
+
+  // mixed shape pinning required vs optional keys end-to-end
+  const mixed = z.object({
+    req: z.string(),
+    opt: z.string().optional(),
+    exact: z.string().exactOptional(),
+    def: z.string().default("x"),
+    nullableOpt: z.string().optional().nullable(),
+  });
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof mixed>>().toEqualTypeOf<{
+    req: string;
+    opt?: string | undefined;
+    exact?: string;
+    def: string;
+    nullableOpt?: string | null | undefined;
+  }>();
+});
+
+// Defensive: tuple optional-tail inference also reads optout. The PR that introduced `"includeUndefined"` had to update TupleOutputTypeWithOptionals; pin the result so any future flag change has to keep this contract.
+test("tuple tail optionality through optout propagation", () => {
+  const trailingOptional = z.tuple([z.string(), z.number().optional()]);
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof trailingOptional>>().toEqualTypeOf<[string, (number | undefined)?]>();
+
+  const trailingExact = z.tuple([z.string(), z.number().exactOptional()]);
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof trailingExact>>().toEqualTypeOf<[string, number?]>();
+
+  // Interior optional must NOT make the tail optional
+  const interiorOptional = z.tuple([z.string(), z.number().optional(), z.string()]);
+  expectTypeOf<z.output<typeof interiorOptional>>().toEqualTypeOf<[string, number | undefined, string]>();
+});
+
+// An absent optional key whose check fails has its issue swallowed; the value the check wrote must go with it, on the JIT fastpass as well as the interpreted path.
+test("swallowed issue on an absent optional key drops its value", async () => {
+  const schema = z.object({
+    a: z
+      .string()
+      .optional()
+      .superRefine((_v, ctx) => {
+        ctx.addIssue({ code: "custom", message: "bad" });
+        ctx.value = "leaked";
+      }),
+  });
+
+  for (const result of [
+    schema.safeParse({}),
+    schema.safeParse({}, { jitless: true }),
+    await schema.safeParseAsync({}),
+  ]) {
+    expect(result.success).toEqual(true);
+    expect("a" in result.data!).toEqual(false);
+  }
+
+  // A present key keeps both the issue and its value.
+  expect(schema.safeParse({ a: "x" }).success).toEqual(false);
+  expect(schema.safeParse({ a: "x" }, { jitless: true }).success).toEqual(false);
+});
+
+test("optional does not swallow an issue it did not cause", () => {
+  // A pipe hands its `out` schema the caller's issues array so an unrecognized key can survive to an enclosing intersection. A defaulted inner substituting for absence must not read that as its own failing and drop it.
+  const result = z
+    .strictObject({ a: z.string() })
+    .transform((): number | undefined => undefined)
+    .pipe(z.number().default(5).optional())
+    .safeParse({ a: "x", extra: 1 });
+
+  expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+  expect(result.error!.issues.map((i) => i.code)).toEqual(["unrecognized_keys"]);
+});