@webpieces/http-server 0.3.379 → 0.3.380

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@webpieces/http-server",
-  "version": "0.3.379",
+  "version": "0.3.380",
   "description": "WebPieces server with filter chain and dependency injection",
   "type": "commonjs",
   "main": "./src/index.js",
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
     "access": "public"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@webpieces/core-context": "0.3.379",
-    "@webpieces/core-util": "0.3.379",
-    "@webpieces/gcp-identity": "0.3.379",
-    "@webpieces/http-routing": "0.3.379",
+    "@webpieces/core-context": "0.3.380",
+    "@webpieces/core-util": "0.3.380",
+    "@webpieces/gcp-identity": "0.3.380",
+    "@webpieces/http-routing": "0.3.380",
     "cors": "2.8.5",
     "express": "5.1.0",
     "inversify": "7.10.4"

package/src/WebpiecesExpressRouter.d.ts

@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ export declare class WebpiecesExpressRouter {
      */
     bindExpress(app: Express): void;
     /**
-     * Add the webpieces global middleware (HTML error page, CORS, request logging), bind the routes,
-     * then app.listen(port). Convenience for a non-legacy webpieces server where webpieces owns the
-     * whole express app. Resolves with the http.Server once listening.
+     * Add the webpieces global middleware (HTML error page, optional CORS, request logging), bind
+     * the routes, then app.listen(port). Convenience for a non-legacy webpieces server where
+     * webpieces owns the whole express app. Resolves with the http.Server once listening.
      *
-     * Pass `config` to allow cross-origin browsers beyond the always-allowed set (the server's own
-     * origin + localhost:*) — see {@link WebpiecesMiddleware.corsMiddleware}.
+     * CORS is mounted ONLY when `config.corsOrigins` is non-empty — see the note below and
+     * {@link WebpiecesMiddleware.corsMiddleware}.
      */
     bindAndStartExpress(app: Express, port?: number, config?: WebpiecesConfig): Promise<HttpServer>;
     /**

package/src/WebpiecesExpressRouter.js

@@ -47,17 +47,25 @@ class WebpiecesExpressRouter {
         log.info(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Mounted ${count} webpieces route(s) onto express`);
     }
     /**
-     * Add the webpieces global middleware (HTML error page, CORS, request logging), bind the routes,
-     * then app.listen(port). Convenience for a non-legacy webpieces server where webpieces owns the
-     * whole express app. Resolves with the http.Server once listening.
+     * Add the webpieces global middleware (HTML error page, optional CORS, request logging), bind
+     * the routes, then app.listen(port). Convenience for a non-legacy webpieces server where
+     * webpieces owns the whole express app. Resolves with the http.Server once listening.
      *
-     * Pass `config` to allow cross-origin browsers beyond the always-allowed set (the server's own
-     * origin + localhost:*) — see {@link WebpiecesMiddleware.corsMiddleware}.
+     * CORS is mounted ONLY when `config.corsOrigins` is non-empty — see the note below and
+     * {@link WebpiecesMiddleware.corsMiddleware}.
      */
     async bindAndStartExpress(app, port = 8080, config) {
         // Global middleware layers (outermost first) — only for a webpieces-owned app.
         app.use(this.middleware.globalErrorHandler.bind(this.middleware));
-        app.use(this.middleware.corsMiddleware(config));
+        // CORS is OPT-IN, and stays OFF in production. A server that serves its own browser app does
+        // not need it — a browser applies no cors check to a same-origin request — so mounting it
+        // would only hand credentialed cross-origin read access to whatever it allows, for nothing.
+        // It is needed solely when a browser on ANOTHER origin calls this api: `ng serve` in dev, or
+        // a UI hosted on a different host. Those say so via corsOrigins.
+        const corsOrigins = config?.corsOrigins ?? [];
+        if (corsOrigins.length > 0) {
+            app.use(this.middleware.corsMiddleware(config));
+        }
         app.use(this.middleware.logNextLayer.bind(this.middleware));
         this.bindExpress(app);
         return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {

package/src/WebpiecesExpressRouter.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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It is the ONLY place express lifecycle lives.\n *\n * It never reaches into routing internals: it asks the ApiFactory for `apiClients()` — each\n * an api + routeMeta + composed filter-chain→controller impl — and binds each to an express\n * route (`app.<verb>(path, handler)`) invoked when the matching HTTP request arrives. The\n * RouteBuilder stays hidden inside the ApiFactory.\n *\n * ```typescript\n * const apiFactory = await WebpiecesRouterFactory.create(config, { appBindings });\n * apiFactory.addRoutes(SaveApi, SaveController);\n * const express = new WebpiecesExpressRouter(apiFactory);\n *\n * // legacy / side-by-side: mount onto an existing app; you own listen + your middleware\n * express.bindExpress(existingApp);\n *\n * // non-legacy: add webpieces global middleware + listen for you\n * await express.bindAndStartExpress(express(), 8080);\n * ```\n */\nexport class WebpiecesExpressRouter {\n    private readonly middleware = new WebpiecesMiddleware();\n\n    constructor(private readonly apiFactory: ApiFactory) {}\n\n    /**\n     * Mount the webpieces routes (each fully self-contained: own body parse, RequestContext,\n     * express-tier + api-tier filter chain, error→JSON) onto the caller's express app.\n     *\n     * Adds NO global app.use() middleware, so it is safe to attach to a legacy app whose other\n     * routes must stay untouched. The caller owns app.listen() and any global middleware.\n     */\n    bindExpress(app: Express): void {\n        let count = 0;\n        for (const apiClient of this.apiFactory.apiClients()) {\n            count += this.mountApiClient(app, apiClient);\n        }\n        log.info(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Mounted ${count} webpieces route(s) onto express`);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Add the webpieces global middleware (HTML error page, CORS, request logging), bind the routes,\n     * then app.listen(port). Convenience for a non-legacy webpieces server where webpieces owns the\n     * whole express app. Resolves with the http.Server once listening.\n     *\n     * Pass `config` to allow cross-origin browsers beyond the always-allowed set (the server's own\n     * origin + localhost:*) — see {@link WebpiecesMiddleware.corsMiddleware}.\n     */\n    async bindAndStartExpress(\n        app: Express,\n        port: number = 8080,\n        config?: WebpiecesConfig,\n    ): Promise<HttpServer> {\n        // Global middleware layers (outermost first) — only for a webpieces-owned app.\n        app.use(this.middleware.globalErrorHandler.bind(this.middleware));\n        app.use(this.middleware.corsMiddleware(config));\n        app.use(this.middleware.logNextLayer.bind(this.middleware));\n\n        this.bindExpress(app);\n\n        return new Promise<HttpServer>(\n            (resolve: (server: HttpServer) => void, reject: (err: Error) => void) => {\n                const server: HttpServer = app.listen(port, (error?: Error) => {\n                    if (error) {\n                        log.error(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Failed to start on port ${port}:`, error);\n                        reject(error);\n                        return;\n                    }\n                    log.info(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Listening on http://localhost:${port}`);\n                    resolve(server);\n                });\n            },\n        );\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Bind EACH method of one ApiClient. The api's @ApiPath/@Endpoint decorators give the paths;\n     * for each we wrap the matching client method (the proxy — RequestContext.run + header read +\n     * JSON body parse + error→ProtocolError all live in the wrapper/chain) and register the route.\n     * This is one-to-one with a test: an HTTP POST maps straight to `client[method](dto)`.\n     *\n     * @returns the number of routes mounted for this api.\n     */\n    private mountApiClient(app: Express, apiClient: ApiClient): number {\n        const basePath = getApiPath(apiClient.api) || '';\n        const endpoints = getEndpoints(apiClient.api) || {};\n        let count = 0;\n        for (const [methodName, endpointPath] of Object.entries(endpoints)) {\n            const path = basePath + endpointPath;\n            const wrapper = this.middleware.createExpressWrapper(apiClient.client[methodName], path);\n            // All webpieces routes are POST (the api-tier convention).\n            this.registerHandler(app, 'POST', path, wrapper.execute.bind(wrapper));\n            count++;\n        }\n        return count;\n    }\n\n    private registerHandler(\n        app: Express,\n        httpMethod: string,\n        path: string,\n        expressHandler: ExpressRouteHandler,\n    ): void {\n        switch (httpMethod.toLowerCase()) {\n            case 'get':\n                app.get(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'post':\n                app.post(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'put':\n                app.put(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'delete':\n                app.delete(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'patch':\n                app.patch(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            default:\n                log.warn(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Unknown HTTP method: ${httpMethod}`);\n        }\n    }\n}\n"]}
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It is the ONLY place express lifecycle lives.\n *\n * It never reaches into routing internals: it asks the ApiFactory for `apiClients()` — each\n * an api + routeMeta + composed filter-chain→controller impl — and binds each to an express\n * route (`app.<verb>(path, handler)`) invoked when the matching HTTP request arrives. The\n * RouteBuilder stays hidden inside the ApiFactory.\n *\n * ```typescript\n * const apiFactory = await WebpiecesRouterFactory.create(config, { appBindings });\n * apiFactory.addRoutes(SaveApi, SaveController);\n * const express = new WebpiecesExpressRouter(apiFactory);\n *\n * // legacy / side-by-side: mount onto an existing app; you own listen + your middleware\n * express.bindExpress(existingApp);\n *\n * // non-legacy: add webpieces global middleware + listen for you\n * await express.bindAndStartExpress(express(), 8080);\n * ```\n */\nexport class WebpiecesExpressRouter {\n    private readonly middleware = new WebpiecesMiddleware();\n\n    constructor(private readonly apiFactory: ApiFactory) {}\n\n    /**\n     * Mount the webpieces routes (each fully self-contained: own body parse, RequestContext,\n     * express-tier + api-tier filter chain, error→JSON) onto the caller's express app.\n     *\n     * Adds NO global app.use() middleware, so it is safe to attach to a legacy app whose other\n     * routes must stay untouched. The caller owns app.listen() and any global middleware.\n     */\n    bindExpress(app: Express): void {\n        let count = 0;\n        for (const apiClient of this.apiFactory.apiClients()) {\n            count += this.mountApiClient(app, apiClient);\n        }\n        log.info(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Mounted ${count} webpieces route(s) onto express`);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Add the webpieces global middleware (HTML error page, optional CORS, request logging), bind\n     * the routes, then app.listen(port). 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A server that serves its own browser app does\n        // not need it — a browser applies no cors check to a same-origin request — so mounting it\n        // would only hand credentialed cross-origin read access to whatever it allows, for nothing.\n        // It is needed solely when a browser on ANOTHER origin calls this api: `ng serve` in dev, or\n        // a UI hosted on a different host. Those say so via corsOrigins.\n        const corsOrigins = config?.corsOrigins ?? [];\n        if (corsOrigins.length > 0) {\n            app.use(this.middleware.corsMiddleware(config));\n        }\n\n        app.use(this.middleware.logNextLayer.bind(this.middleware));\n\n        this.bindExpress(app);\n\n        return new Promise<HttpServer>(\n            (resolve: (server: HttpServer) => void, reject: (err: Error) => void) => {\n                const server: HttpServer = app.listen(port, (error?: Error) => {\n                    if (error) {\n                        log.error(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Failed to start on port ${port}:`, error);\n                        reject(error);\n                        return;\n                    }\n                    log.info(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Listening on http://localhost:${port}`);\n                    resolve(server);\n                });\n            },\n        );\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Bind EACH method of one ApiClient. The api's @ApiPath/@Endpoint decorators give the paths;\n     * for each we wrap the matching client method (the proxy — RequestContext.run + header read +\n     * JSON body parse + error→ProtocolError all live in the wrapper/chain) and register the route.\n     * This is one-to-one with a test: an HTTP POST maps straight to `client[method](dto)`.\n     *\n     * @returns the number of routes mounted for this api.\n     */\n    private mountApiClient(app: Express, apiClient: ApiClient): number {\n        const basePath = getApiPath(apiClient.api) || '';\n        const endpoints = getEndpoints(apiClient.api) || {};\n        let count = 0;\n        for (const [methodName, endpointPath] of Object.entries(endpoints)) {\n            const path = basePath + endpointPath;\n            const wrapper = this.middleware.createExpressWrapper(apiClient.client[methodName], path);\n            // All webpieces routes are POST (the api-tier convention).\n            this.registerHandler(app, 'POST', path, wrapper.execute.bind(wrapper));\n            count++;\n        }\n        return count;\n    }\n\n    private registerHandler(\n        app: Express,\n        httpMethod: string,\n        path: string,\n        expressHandler: ExpressRouteHandler,\n    ): void {\n        switch (httpMethod.toLowerCase()) {\n            case 'get':\n                app.get(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'post':\n                app.post(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'put':\n                app.put(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'delete':\n                app.delete(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            case 'patch':\n                app.patch(path, expressHandler);\n                break;\n            default:\n                log.warn(`[WebpiecesExpressRouter] Unknown HTTP method: ${httpMethod}`);\n        }\n    }\n}\n"]}

package/src/WebpiecesMiddleware.d.ts

@@ -97,17 +97,26 @@ export declare class WebpiecesMiddleware {
      */
     logNextLayer(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void>;
     /**
-     * CORS middleware.
+     * CORS middleware. DO NOT MOUNT UNCONDITIONALLY — {@link WebpiecesExpressRouter.bindAndStartExpress}
+     * mounts it ONLY when {@link WebpiecesConfig.corsOrigins} is non-empty, and that is the point.
      *
-     * Allows, in order: a request with NO Origin (curl, server-to-server, a CLI); the server's OWN
-     * origin; any `localhost:*` / `127.0.0.1:*` origin (dev); and any origin listed in
-     * {@link WebpiecesConfig.corsOrigins}. Anything else gets a clean 403.
+     * CORS exists solely to let a browser on a DIFFERENT origin call this api — in practice
+     * `ng serve` on :4200 hitting an api on :8080 during development, or a UI hosted on a different
+     * host than the api. A server that serves its own browser app needs NO cors at all, because a
+     * browser does not apply cors to a same-origin request. So in production this middleware is
+     * normally ABSENT, and absent is the safe state: every origin it allows gains the right to make
+     * CREDENTIALED cross-origin calls and READ the responses. Mounting it unconditionally (as the
+     * old corsForLocalhost did) handed that right to anything on the victim's localhost, in prod,
+     * for no benefit whatsoever.
      *
-     * SAME-ORIGIN IS THE SUBTLE ONE, and it is why this is not localhost-only. A browser attaches an
-     * `Origin` header to EVERY POST — including a same-origin POST — and every webpieces route is a
-     * POST. So a server that also serves its own UI (one container, one origin) receives its own
-     * origin on every api call it makes to itself. Rejecting it, as the old localhost-only rule did,
-     * broke every api call the moment a webpieces server served a browser app in production.
+     * When mounted, allows: a request with NO Origin (curl, server-to-server, a CLI); the server's
+     * OWN origin; and EXACTLY the origins in `corsOrigins` — nothing is implicit. Anything else gets
+     * a clean 403, never the HTML 500 the old `callback(new Error(...))` produced.
+     *
+     * SAME-ORIGIN MUST STAY ALLOWED even though a same-origin request needs no cors headers, because
+     * a browser attaches an `Origin` header to EVERY POST — including a same-origin POST — and every
+     * webpieces route is a POST. Once mounted, this middleware SEES that origin, so if it did not
+     * allow it, it would 403 the server's own UI. That was the production bug.
      *
      * The same-origin test compares HOST ONLY, deliberately. Behind a TLS-terminating proxy (Cloud
      * Run, any load balancer) `req.protocol` is `http` while the browser's `Origin` says `https`, so
@@ -117,12 +126,21 @@ export declare class WebpiecesMiddleware {
      */
     corsMiddleware(config?: WebpiecesConfig): RequestHandler;
     /**
-     * @deprecated Use {@link corsMiddleware}. Kept so existing callers keep compiling; it now also
-     * allows the server's own origin, which the localhost-only rule wrongly rejected.
+     * Same-origin (HOST ONLY — see corsMiddleware() on why the scheme is deliberately ignored), or an
+     * explicit entry in corsOrigins. NOTHING is implicit: localhost is allowed only if the config
+     * asked for it, so a production server that enables cors for a cross-host UI does not silently
+     * open the door to localhost as well.
      */
-    corsForLocalhost(): RequestHandler;
-    /** Host-only comparison — see corsMiddleware() on why the scheme is deliberately ignored. */
     private isOriginAllowed;
+    /**
+     * Exact origin match, except a `*` in the PORT position matches any port: `http://localhost:*`
+     * is what a developer writes, because the angular dev-server port moves around.
+     *
+     * The `*` is deliberately NOT a general wildcard — it never spans a host, and what follows the
+     * prefix must be a real (digits-only) port. So `http://localhost:*` cannot be tricked into
+     * matching `http://localhost.evil.com`, and a bare `*` matches nothing at all.
+     */
+    private matchesOrigin;
     /**
      * Create an ExpressWrapper for a route.
      * The wrapper handles the full request/response cycle (symmetric design): it publishes the

package/src/WebpiecesMiddleware.js

@@ -265,17 +265,26 @@ let WebpiecesMiddleware = class WebpiecesMiddleware {
         log.info(`🟡 [Layer 2: LogNextLayer] After next() - ${req.method} ${req.path}`);
     }
     /**
-     * CORS middleware.
+     * CORS middleware. DO NOT MOUNT UNCONDITIONALLY — {@link WebpiecesExpressRouter.bindAndStartExpress}
+     * mounts it ONLY when {@link WebpiecesConfig.corsOrigins} is non-empty, and that is the point.
      *
-     * Allows, in order: a request with NO Origin (curl, server-to-server, a CLI); the server's OWN
-     * origin; any `localhost:*` / `127.0.0.1:*` origin (dev); and any origin listed in
-     * {@link WebpiecesConfig.corsOrigins}. Anything else gets a clean 403.
+     * CORS exists solely to let a browser on a DIFFERENT origin call this api — in practice
+     * `ng serve` on :4200 hitting an api on :8080 during development, or a UI hosted on a different
+     * host than the api. A server that serves its own browser app needs NO cors at all, because a
+     * browser does not apply cors to a same-origin request. So in production this middleware is
+     * normally ABSENT, and absent is the safe state: every origin it allows gains the right to make
+     * CREDENTIALED cross-origin calls and READ the responses. Mounting it unconditionally (as the
+     * old corsForLocalhost did) handed that right to anything on the victim's localhost, in prod,
+     * for no benefit whatsoever.
      *
-     * SAME-ORIGIN IS THE SUBTLE ONE, and it is why this is not localhost-only. A browser attaches an
-     * `Origin` header to EVERY POST — including a same-origin POST — and every webpieces route is a
-     * POST. So a server that also serves its own UI (one container, one origin) receives its own
-     * origin on every api call it makes to itself. Rejecting it, as the old localhost-only rule did,
-     * broke every api call the moment a webpieces server served a browser app in production.
+     * When mounted, allows: a request with NO Origin (curl, server-to-server, a CLI); the server's
+     * OWN origin; and EXACTLY the origins in `corsOrigins` — nothing is implicit. Anything else gets
+     * a clean 403, never the HTML 500 the old `callback(new Error(...))` produced.
+     *
+     * SAME-ORIGIN MUST STAY ALLOWED even though a same-origin request needs no cors headers, because
+     * a browser attaches an `Origin` header to EVERY POST — including a same-origin POST — and every
+     * webpieces route is a POST. Once mounted, this middleware SEES that origin, so if it did not
+     * allow it, it would 403 the server's own UI. That was the production bug.
      *
      * The same-origin test compares HOST ONLY, deliberately. Behind a TLS-terminating proxy (Cloud
      * Run, any load balancer) `req.protocol` is `http` while the browser's `Origin` says `https`, so
@@ -284,9 +293,9 @@ let WebpiecesMiddleware = class WebpiecesMiddleware {
      * @returns Express middleware handler for CORS
      */
     corsMiddleware(config) {
-        const extraOrigins = config?.corsOrigins ?? [];
-        log.info(`[WebpiecesMiddleware] CORS: same-origin + localhost:* always allowed` +
-            (extraOrigins.length > 0 ? `, plus ${extraOrigins.join(', ')}` : ''));
+        const allowedOrigins = config?.corsOrigins ?? [];
+        log.info(`[WebpiecesMiddleware] CORS MOUNTED. Allowing same-origin + [${allowedOrigins.join(', ')}]. ` +
+            `Every other browser origin gets a 403.`);
         const handler = (0, cors_1.default)({
             origin: true, // reflect the request origin — we have already vetted it below
             credentials: true,
@@ -302,7 +311,7 @@ let WebpiecesMiddleware = class WebpiecesMiddleware {
                 next();
                 return;
             }
-            if (this.isOriginAllowed(origin, req.get('host'), extraOrigins)) {
+            if (this.isOriginAllowed(origin, req.get('host'), allowedOrigins)) {
                 handler(req, res, next);
                 return;
             }
@@ -314,17 +323,12 @@ let WebpiecesMiddleware = class WebpiecesMiddleware {
         };
     }
     /**
-     * @deprecated Use {@link corsMiddleware}. Kept so existing callers keep compiling; it now also
-     * allows the server's own origin, which the localhost-only rule wrongly rejected.
+     * Same-origin (HOST ONLY — see corsMiddleware() on why the scheme is deliberately ignored), or an
+     * explicit entry in corsOrigins. NOTHING is implicit: localhost is allowed only if the config
+     * asked for it, so a production server that enables cors for a cross-host UI does not silently
+     * open the door to localhost as well.
      */
-    corsForLocalhost() {
-        return this.corsMiddleware();
-    }
-    /** Host-only comparison — see corsMiddleware() on why the scheme is deliberately ignored. */
-    isOriginAllowed(origin, host, extraOrigins) {
-        if (extraOrigins.includes(origin)) {
-            return true;
-        }
+    isOriginAllowed(origin, host, allowedOrigins) {
         let originHost;
         // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- a malformed Origin is untrusted browser input, not a server fault; it must become a 403 here, never bubble to the 500 chokepoint
         try {
@@ -338,8 +342,30 @@ let WebpiecesMiddleware = class WebpiecesMiddleware {
         if (host !== undefined && originHost === host) {
             return true; // same-origin: the server's own UI calling its own api
         }
-        const hostname = originHost.split(':')[0];
-        return hostname === 'localhost' || hostname === '127.0.0.1';
+        return allowedOrigins.some((allowed) => this.matchesOrigin(origin, allowed));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Exact origin match, except a `*` in the PORT position matches any port: `http://localhost:*`
+     * is what a developer writes, because the angular dev-server port moves around.
+     *
+     * The `*` is deliberately NOT a general wildcard — it never spans a host, and what follows the
+     * prefix must be a real (digits-only) port. So `http://localhost:*` cannot be tricked into
+     * matching `http://localhost.evil.com`, and a bare `*` matches nothing at all.
+     */
+    matchesOrigin(origin, allowed) {
+        if (allowed === origin) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const wildcardSuffix = ':*';
+        if (!allowed.endsWith(wildcardSuffix)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const prefix = allowed.slice(0, -wildcardSuffix.length);
+        if (!origin.startsWith(`${prefix}:`)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        const port = origin.slice(prefix.length + 1);
+        return /^\d+$/.test(port);
     }
     /**
      * Create an ExpressWrapper for a route.

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{ Request, Response, NextFunction, RequestHandler } from 'express';\nimport cors from 'cors';\nimport { injectable } from 'inversify';\nimport { provideFrameworkSingleton, WebpiecesConfig } from '@webpieces/http-routing';\nimport {\n    ProtocolError,\n    HttpError,\n    HttpBadRequestError,\n    HttpVendorError,\n    HttpUserError,\n    HttpNotFoundError,\n    HttpTimeoutError,\n    HttpUnauthorizedError,\n    HttpForbiddenError,\n    HttpInternalServerError,\n    HttpBadGatewayError,\n    HttpGatewayTimeoutError,\n} from '@webpieces/core-util';\nimport { toError } from '@webpieces/core-util';\nimport { RequestContext, HttpRequest, RequestContextHeaders } from '@webpieces/core-context';\nimport { LogManager } from '@webpieces/core-util';\n\nconst log = LogManager.getLogger('WebpiecesMiddleware');\n\n/**\n * Express route handler function type. Lives in http-server (the express adapter),\n * NOT in the node-only http-routing package, so http-routing stays express-free.\n * Used by WebpiecesExpressRouter to register handlers Express can call.\n */\nexport type ExpressRouteHandler = (\n    req: Request,\n    res: Response,\n    next: NextFunction,\n) => Promise<void>;\n\nexport class ExpressWrapper {\n    constructor(\n        // webpieces-disable no-any-unknown -- request/response DTOs are erased at the routing boundary\n        private clientMethod: (requestDto: unknown) => Promise<unknown>,\n        private path: string,\n        /** Owns the wire<->context transfer, both directions. Stateless framework singleton. */\n        private headers: RequestContextHeaders,\n    ) {\n    }\n\n    public async execute(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) {\n        // MOVED: Wrap entire request in RequestContext.run()\n        // This establishes AsyncLocalStorage context for the request\n        await RequestContext.run(async () => {\n            await this.executeTryCatch(req, res, next);\n        });\n    }\n\n    public async executeTryCatch(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void> {\n        // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- ExpressWrapper catches errors to translate to HTTP responses\n        try {\n            await this.executeImpl(req, res, next);\n        } catch (err: unknown) {\n            const error = toError(err);\n            // 5. Handle errors\n            this.handleError(res, error);\n        }\n    }\n\n    public async executeImpl(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void> {\n        // 1. Translate express's request into the transport-neutral HttpRequest webpieces speaks.\n        const httpRequest = this.toWebpiecesRequest(req);\n\n        // 2. Parse JSON request body manually (SYMMETRIC with client's JSON.stringify)\n        let requestDto: unknown = {};\n        if (['POST', 'PUT', 'PATCH'].includes(req.method)) {\n            // Read raw body as text\n            const bodyText = await this.readRequestBody(req);\n            // Parse JSON\n            requestDto = bodyText ? JSON.parse(bodyText) : {};\n        }\n\n        // 3. Publish the transport-neutral HttpRequest, then move its headers into the context and\n        //    mint a request id if the caller sent none. BOTH happen above the api boundary, because\n        //    http-routing requires an already-established, already-filled request scope — it never\n        //    builds one for you. This is the \"translation layer\" every transport must provide.\n        this.headers.fillFromRequest(httpRequest);\n\n        // 4. Invoke the api CLIENT method — the SAME proxy tests use. Its filter chain + controller\n        //    run here, reading the context filled above; the chain never touches express `req`.\n        const result = await this.clientMethod(requestDto);\n\n        // 5. Serialize the response DTO to JSON (SYMMETRIC with client's response.json())\n        const responseJson = JSON.stringify(result);\n        res.status(200).setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json').send(responseJson);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Read HTTP headers from Express request.\n     * Returns Map of header name (lowercase) -> array of values.\n     *\n     * HTTP spec allows multiple values for same header name.\n     */\n    /**\n     * express Request -> webpieces {@link HttpRequest}. THE translation layer: below this line the\n     * filter chain and controllers never see express, which is what lets the same chain run\n     * in-process with no transport at all.\n     */\n    private toWebpiecesRequest(req: Request): HttpRequest {\n        return new HttpRequest(req.method, this.path, this.readExpressHeaders(req));\n    }\n\n    private readExpressHeaders(req: Request): Map<string, string[]> {\n        const headers = new Map<string, string[]>();\n\n        // Express stores headers in req.headers as Record<string, string | string[]>\n        for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(req.headers)) {\n            const lowerName = name.toLowerCase();\n\n            if (typeof value === 'string') {\n                headers.set(lowerName, [value]);\n            } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {\n                headers.set(lowerName, value);\n            }\n        }\n\n        return headers;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Read raw request body as text.\n     * Used to manually parse JSON (instead of express.json() middleware).\n     */\n    private async readRequestBody(req: Request): Promise<string> {\n        return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {\n            let body = '';\n            req.on('data', (chunk) => {\n                body += chunk.toString();\n            });\n            req.on('end', () => {\n                resolve(body);\n            });\n            req.on('error', (err) => {\n                reject(err);\n            });\n        });\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Handle errors - translate to JSON ProtocolError (SYMMETRIC with ClientErrorTranslator).\n     * PUBLIC so wrapExpress can call it for symmetric error handling.\n     * Maps HttpError subclasses to appropriate HTTP status codes and ProtocolError response.\n     *\n     * Maps all HttpError types (must match ClientErrorTranslator.translateError()):\n     * - HttpUserError → 266 (with errorCode)\n     * - HttpBadRequestError → 400 (with field, guiAlertMessage)\n     * - HttpUnauthorizedError → 401\n     * - HttpForbiddenError → 403\n     * - HttpNotFoundError → 404\n     * - HttpTimeoutError → 408\n     * - HttpInternalServerError → 500\n     * - HttpBadGatewayError → 502\n     * - HttpGatewayTimeoutError → 504\n     * - HttpVendorError → 598 (with waitSeconds)\n     */\n    public handleError(res: Response, error: unknown): void {\n        if (res.headersSent) {\n            return;\n        }\n\n        const protocolError = new ProtocolError();\n\n        if (error instanceof HttpError) {\n            // Set common fields for all HttpError types\n            protocolError.message = error.message;\n            protocolError.subType = error.subType;\n            protocolError.name = error.name;\n\n            // Set type-specific fields (MUST match ClientErrorTranslator)\n            if (error instanceof HttpUserError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] User Error: ${error.message}`);\n                protocolError.errorCode = error.errorCode;\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpBadRequestError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Bad Request: ${error.message}`);\n                protocolError.field = error.field;\n                protocolError.guiAlertMessage = error.guiMessage;\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpNotFoundError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Not Found: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpTimeoutError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Timeout Error: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpVendorError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Vendor Error: ${error.message}`);\n                protocolError.waitSeconds = error.waitSeconds;\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpUnauthorizedError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Unauthorized: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpForbiddenError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Forbidden: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpInternalServerError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Internal Server Error: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpBadGatewayError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Bad Gateway: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpGatewayTimeoutError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Gateway Timeout: ${error.message}`);\n            } else {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Generic HttpError: ${error.message}`);\n            }\n\n            // Serialize ProtocolError to JSON (SYMMETRIC with client)\n            const responseJson = JSON.stringify(protocolError);\n            res.status(error.code).setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json').send(responseJson);\n        } else {\n            // Unknown error - 500\n            const err = toError(error);\n            protocolError.message = 'Internal Server Error';\n            log.error('[ExpressWrapper] Unexpected error:', err);\n            const responseJson = JSON.stringify(protocolError);\n            res.status(500).setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json').send(responseJson);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * WebpiecesMiddleware - Express middleware for WebPieces server.\n *\n * This class contains all Express middleware used by WebpiecesServer:\n * 1. globalErrorHandler - Outermost error handler, returns HTML 500 page\n * 2. logNextLayer - Request/response logging\n * 3. jsonTranslator - JSON Content-Type validation and error translation\n *\n * The middleware is injected into WebpiecesServerImpl and registered with Express\n * in the start() method.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: jsonTranslator does NOT dispatch routes - route dispatch happens via\n * Express's registered route handlers (created by RouteBuilder.createHandler()).\n * jsonTranslator only validates Content-Type and translates errors to JSON.\n *\n * NEW: ExpressWrapper simplified - no longer handles JSON or headers\n * - JSON parsing/serialization moved to JsonFilter\n * - Header transfer moved to ContextFilter (injects PlatformHeadersExtension directly)\n * - ExpressWrapper just creates RouterReqResp and invokes filter chain\n *\n * Extension vs Plugin pattern:\n * - Extensions (DI-level): Contribute capabilities to framework (headers, converters, etc.)\n * - Plugins (App-level): Provide complete features with modules + routes (Hibernate, Jackson, etc.)\n */\n@provideFrameworkSingleton()\n@injectable()\nexport class WebpiecesMiddleware {\n    /** The ONE wire<->context transfer, handed to every route's ExpressWrapper. Stateless. */\n    private readonly headers = new RequestContextHeaders();\n\n\n    /**\n     * Global error handler middleware - catches ALL unhandled errors.\n     * Returns HTML 500 error page for any errors that escape the filter chain.\n     *\n     * This is the outermost safety net - JsonTranslator catches JSON API errors,\n     * this catches everything else.\n     */\n    async globalErrorHandler(\n        req: Request,\n        res: Response,\n        next: NextFunction,\n    ): Promise<void> {\n        log.info(`🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Request START: ${req.method} ${req.path}`);\n\n        // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- Global error handler IS the top-level catch-all\n        try {\n            // await next() catches BOTH:\n            // 1. Synchronous throws from next() itself\n            // 2. Rejected promises from downstream async middleware\n            await next();\n            log.info(\n                `🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Request END (success): ${req.method} ${req.path}`,\n            );\n        } catch (err: unknown) {\n            const error = toError(err);\n            log.error('🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Caught unhandled error:', error);\n            if (!res.headersSent) {\n                // Return HTML error page (not JSON - JsonTranslator handles JSON errors)\n                res.status(500).send(`\n          <!DOCTYPE html>\n          <html>\n          <head><title>Server Error</title></head>\n          <body>\n            <h1>You hit a server error</h1>\n            <p>An unexpected error occurred while processing your request.</p>\n            <pre>${error.message}</pre>\n          </body>\n          </html>\n        `);\n            }\n            log.info(\n                `🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Request END (error): ${req.method} ${req.path}`,\n            );\n        }\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Logging middleware - logs request/response flow.\n     * Demonstrates middleware execution order.\n     * IMPORTANT: Must be async and await next() to properly chain with async middleware.\n     */\n    async logNextLayer(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void> {\n        log.info(`🟡 [Layer 2: LogNextLayer] Before next() - ${req.method} ${req.path}`);\n        await next();\n        log.info(`🟡 [Layer 2: LogNextLayer] After next() - ${req.method} ${req.path}`);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * CORS middleware.\n     *\n     * Allows, in order: a request with NO Origin (curl, server-to-server, a CLI); the server's OWN\n     * origin; any `localhost:*` / `127.0.0.1:*` origin (dev); and any origin listed in\n     * {@link WebpiecesConfig.corsOrigins}. Anything else gets a clean 403.\n     *\n     * SAME-ORIGIN IS THE SUBTLE ONE, and it is why this is not localhost-only. A browser attaches an\n     * `Origin` header to EVERY POST — including a same-origin POST — and every webpieces route is a\n     * POST. So a server that also serves its own UI (one container, one origin) receives its own\n     * origin on every api call it makes to itself. Rejecting it, as the old localhost-only rule did,\n     * broke every api call the moment a webpieces server served a browser app in production.\n     *\n     * The same-origin test compares HOST ONLY, deliberately. Behind a TLS-terminating proxy (Cloud\n     * Run, any load balancer) `req.protocol` is `http` while the browser's `Origin` says `https`, so\n     * comparing full origins would reject the server's own origin on every deploy.\n     *\n     * @returns Express middleware handler for CORS\n     */\n    corsMiddleware(config?: WebpiecesConfig): RequestHandler {\n        const extraOrigins = config?.corsOrigins ?? [];\n        log.info(\n            `[WebpiecesMiddleware] CORS: same-origin + localhost:* always allowed` +\n                (extraOrigins.length > 0 ? `, plus ${extraOrigins.join(', ')}` : ''),\n        );\n\n        const handler = cors({\n            origin: true, // reflect the request origin — we have already vetted it below\n            credentials: true,\n            methods: ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', 'PATCH', 'OPTIONS'],\n            allowedHeaders: '*',\n            exposedHeaders: '*',\n            maxAge: 3600,\n        });\n\n        return (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): void => {\n            const origin = req.headers.origin;\n            if (!origin) {\n                // No Origin -> not a browser cross-origin request; nothing to negotiate.\n                next();\n                return;\n            }\n            if (this.isOriginAllowed(origin, req.get('host'), extraOrigins)) {\n                handler(req, res, next);\n                return;\n            }\n            log.info(`[CORS] Blocked origin: ${origin}`);\n            res.status(403).json({\n                name: 'CorsError',\n                message: `CORS not allowed for origin: ${origin}`,\n            });\n        };\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * @deprecated Use {@link corsMiddleware}. Kept so existing callers keep compiling; it now also\n     * allows the server's own origin, which the localhost-only rule wrongly rejected.\n     */\n    corsForLocalhost(): RequestHandler {\n        return this.corsMiddleware();\n    }\n\n    /** Host-only comparison — see corsMiddleware() on why the scheme is deliberately ignored. */\n    private isOriginAllowed(origin: string, host: string | undefined, extraOrigins: string[]): boolean {\n        if (extraOrigins.includes(origin)) {\n            return true;\n        }\n        let originHost: string;\n        // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- a malformed Origin is untrusted browser input, not a server fault; it must become a 403 here, never bubble to the 500 chokepoint\n        try {\n            originHost = new URL(origin).host;\n        } catch (err: unknown) {\n            const error = toError(err);\n            log.info(`[CORS] Malformed Origin header '${origin}': ${error.message}`);\n            return false;\n        }\n        if (host !== undefined && originHost === host) {\n            return true; // same-origin: the server's own UI calling its own api\n        }\n        const hostname = originHost.split(':')[0];\n        return hostname === 'localhost' || hostname === '127.0.0.1';\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Create an ExpressWrapper for a route.\n     * The wrapper handles the full request/response cycle (symmetric design): it publishes the\n     * HttpRequest + fills the context, then invokes the api client method (the proxy).\n     *\n     * @param clientMethod - The api client's method for this route (dto → response); the proxy\n     *   runs the filter chain + controller.\n     * @param path - The route path (used to build the HttpRequest).\n     * @returns ExpressWrapper instance\n     */\n    createExpressWrapper(\n        // webpieces-disable no-any-unknown -- request/response DTOs are erased at the routing boundary\n        clientMethod: (requestDto: unknown) => Promise<unknown>,\n        path: string,\n    ): ExpressWrapper {\n        return new ExpressWrapper(clientMethod, path, this.headers);\n    }\n}\n"]}
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{ Request, Response, NextFunction, RequestHandler } from 'express';\nimport cors from 'cors';\nimport { injectable } from 'inversify';\nimport { provideFrameworkSingleton, WebpiecesConfig } from '@webpieces/http-routing';\nimport {\n    ProtocolError,\n    HttpError,\n    HttpBadRequestError,\n    HttpVendorError,\n    HttpUserError,\n    HttpNotFoundError,\n    HttpTimeoutError,\n    HttpUnauthorizedError,\n    HttpForbiddenError,\n    HttpInternalServerError,\n    HttpBadGatewayError,\n    HttpGatewayTimeoutError,\n} from '@webpieces/core-util';\nimport { toError } from '@webpieces/core-util';\nimport { RequestContext, HttpRequest, RequestContextHeaders } from '@webpieces/core-context';\nimport { LogManager } from '@webpieces/core-util';\n\nconst log = LogManager.getLogger('WebpiecesMiddleware');\n\n/**\n * Express route handler function type. Lives in http-server (the express adapter),\n * NOT in the node-only http-routing package, so http-routing stays express-free.\n * Used by WebpiecesExpressRouter to register handlers Express can call.\n */\nexport type ExpressRouteHandler = (\n    req: Request,\n    res: Response,\n    next: NextFunction,\n) => Promise<void>;\n\nexport class ExpressWrapper {\n    constructor(\n        // webpieces-disable no-any-unknown -- request/response DTOs are erased at the routing boundary\n        private clientMethod: (requestDto: unknown) => Promise<unknown>,\n        private path: string,\n        /** Owns the wire<->context transfer, both directions. Stateless framework singleton. */\n        private headers: RequestContextHeaders,\n    ) {\n    }\n\n    public async execute(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) {\n        // MOVED: Wrap entire request in RequestContext.run()\n        // This establishes AsyncLocalStorage context for the request\n        await RequestContext.run(async () => {\n            await this.executeTryCatch(req, res, next);\n        });\n    }\n\n    public async executeTryCatch(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void> {\n        // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- ExpressWrapper catches errors to translate to HTTP responses\n        try {\n            await this.executeImpl(req, res, next);\n        } catch (err: unknown) {\n            const error = toError(err);\n            // 5. Handle errors\n            this.handleError(res, error);\n        }\n    }\n\n    public async executeImpl(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void> {\n        // 1. Translate express's request into the transport-neutral HttpRequest webpieces speaks.\n        const httpRequest = this.toWebpiecesRequest(req);\n\n        // 2. Parse JSON request body manually (SYMMETRIC with client's JSON.stringify)\n        let requestDto: unknown = {};\n        if (['POST', 'PUT', 'PATCH'].includes(req.method)) {\n            // Read raw body as text\n            const bodyText = await this.readRequestBody(req);\n            // Parse JSON\n            requestDto = bodyText ? JSON.parse(bodyText) : {};\n        }\n\n        // 3. Publish the transport-neutral HttpRequest, then move its headers into the context and\n        //    mint a request id if the caller sent none. BOTH happen above the api boundary, because\n        //    http-routing requires an already-established, already-filled request scope — it never\n        //    builds one for you. This is the \"translation layer\" every transport must provide.\n        this.headers.fillFromRequest(httpRequest);\n\n        // 4. Invoke the api CLIENT method — the SAME proxy tests use. Its filter chain + controller\n        //    run here, reading the context filled above; the chain never touches express `req`.\n        const result = await this.clientMethod(requestDto);\n\n        // 5. Serialize the response DTO to JSON (SYMMETRIC with client's response.json())\n        const responseJson = JSON.stringify(result);\n        res.status(200).setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json').send(responseJson);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Read HTTP headers from Express request.\n     * Returns Map of header name (lowercase) -> array of values.\n     *\n     * HTTP spec allows multiple values for same header name.\n     */\n    /**\n     * express Request -> webpieces {@link HttpRequest}. THE translation layer: below this line the\n     * filter chain and controllers never see express, which is what lets the same chain run\n     * in-process with no transport at all.\n     */\n    private toWebpiecesRequest(req: Request): HttpRequest {\n        return new HttpRequest(req.method, this.path, this.readExpressHeaders(req));\n    }\n\n    private readExpressHeaders(req: Request): Map<string, string[]> {\n        const headers = new Map<string, string[]>();\n\n        // Express stores headers in req.headers as Record<string, string | string[]>\n        for (const [name, value] of Object.entries(req.headers)) {\n            const lowerName = name.toLowerCase();\n\n            if (typeof value === 'string') {\n                headers.set(lowerName, [value]);\n            } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {\n                headers.set(lowerName, value);\n            }\n        }\n\n        return headers;\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Read raw request body as text.\n     * Used to manually parse JSON (instead of express.json() middleware).\n     */\n    private async readRequestBody(req: Request): Promise<string> {\n        return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {\n            let body = '';\n            req.on('data', (chunk) => {\n                body += chunk.toString();\n            });\n            req.on('end', () => {\n                resolve(body);\n            });\n            req.on('error', (err) => {\n                reject(err);\n            });\n        });\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Handle errors - translate to JSON ProtocolError (SYMMETRIC with ClientErrorTranslator).\n     * PUBLIC so wrapExpress can call it for symmetric error handling.\n     * Maps HttpError subclasses to appropriate HTTP status codes and ProtocolError response.\n     *\n     * Maps all HttpError types (must match ClientErrorTranslator.translateError()):\n     * - HttpUserError → 266 (with errorCode)\n     * - HttpBadRequestError → 400 (with field, guiAlertMessage)\n     * - HttpUnauthorizedError → 401\n     * - HttpForbiddenError → 403\n     * - HttpNotFoundError → 404\n     * - HttpTimeoutError → 408\n     * - HttpInternalServerError → 500\n     * - HttpBadGatewayError → 502\n     * - HttpGatewayTimeoutError → 504\n     * - HttpVendorError → 598 (with waitSeconds)\n     */\n    public handleError(res: Response, error: unknown): void {\n        if (res.headersSent) {\n            return;\n        }\n\n        const protocolError = new ProtocolError();\n\n        if (error instanceof HttpError) {\n            // Set common fields for all HttpError types\n            protocolError.message = error.message;\n            protocolError.subType = error.subType;\n            protocolError.name = error.name;\n\n            // Set type-specific fields (MUST match ClientErrorTranslator)\n            if (error instanceof HttpUserError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] User Error: ${error.message}`);\n                protocolError.errorCode = error.errorCode;\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpBadRequestError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Bad Request: ${error.message}`);\n                protocolError.field = error.field;\n                protocolError.guiAlertMessage = error.guiMessage;\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpNotFoundError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Not Found: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpTimeoutError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Timeout Error: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpVendorError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Vendor Error: ${error.message}`);\n                protocolError.waitSeconds = error.waitSeconds;\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpUnauthorizedError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Unauthorized: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpForbiddenError) {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Forbidden: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpInternalServerError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Internal Server Error: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpBadGatewayError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Bad Gateway: ${error.message}`);\n            } else if (error instanceof HttpGatewayTimeoutError) {\n                log.error(`[ExpressWrapper] Gateway Timeout: ${error.message}`);\n            } else {\n                log.info(`[ExpressWrapper] Generic HttpError: ${error.message}`);\n            }\n\n            // Serialize ProtocolError to JSON (SYMMETRIC with client)\n            const responseJson = JSON.stringify(protocolError);\n            res.status(error.code).setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json').send(responseJson);\n        } else {\n            // Unknown error - 500\n            const err = toError(error);\n            protocolError.message = 'Internal Server Error';\n            log.error('[ExpressWrapper] Unexpected error:', err);\n            const responseJson = JSON.stringify(protocolError);\n            res.status(500).setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json').send(responseJson);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n/**\n * WebpiecesMiddleware - Express middleware for WebPieces server.\n *\n * This class contains all Express middleware used by WebpiecesServer:\n * 1. globalErrorHandler - Outermost error handler, returns HTML 500 page\n * 2. logNextLayer - Request/response logging\n * 3. jsonTranslator - JSON Content-Type validation and error translation\n *\n * The middleware is injected into WebpiecesServerImpl and registered with Express\n * in the start() method.\n *\n * IMPORTANT: jsonTranslator does NOT dispatch routes - route dispatch happens via\n * Express's registered route handlers (created by RouteBuilder.createHandler()).\n * jsonTranslator only validates Content-Type and translates errors to JSON.\n *\n * NEW: ExpressWrapper simplified - no longer handles JSON or headers\n * - JSON parsing/serialization moved to JsonFilter\n * - Header transfer moved to ContextFilter (injects PlatformHeadersExtension directly)\n * - ExpressWrapper just creates RouterReqResp and invokes filter chain\n *\n * Extension vs Plugin pattern:\n * - Extensions (DI-level): Contribute capabilities to framework (headers, converters, etc.)\n * - Plugins (App-level): Provide complete features with modules + routes (Hibernate, Jackson, etc.)\n */\n@provideFrameworkSingleton()\n@injectable()\nexport class WebpiecesMiddleware {\n    /** The ONE wire<->context transfer, handed to every route's ExpressWrapper. Stateless. */\n    private readonly headers = new RequestContextHeaders();\n\n\n    /**\n     * Global error handler middleware - catches ALL unhandled errors.\n     * Returns HTML 500 error page for any errors that escape the filter chain.\n     *\n     * This is the outermost safety net - JsonTranslator catches JSON API errors,\n     * this catches everything else.\n     */\n    async globalErrorHandler(\n        req: Request,\n        res: Response,\n        next: NextFunction,\n    ): Promise<void> {\n        log.info(`🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Request START: ${req.method} ${req.path}`);\n\n        // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- Global error handler IS the top-level catch-all\n        try {\n            // await next() catches BOTH:\n            // 1. Synchronous throws from next() itself\n            // 2. Rejected promises from downstream async middleware\n            await next();\n            log.info(\n                `🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Request END (success): ${req.method} ${req.path}`,\n            );\n        } catch (err: unknown) {\n            const error = toError(err);\n            log.error('🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Caught unhandled error:', error);\n            if (!res.headersSent) {\n                // Return HTML error page (not JSON - JsonTranslator handles JSON errors)\n                res.status(500).send(`\n          <!DOCTYPE html>\n          <html>\n          <head><title>Server Error</title></head>\n          <body>\n            <h1>You hit a server error</h1>\n            <p>An unexpected error occurred while processing your request.</p>\n            <pre>${error.message}</pre>\n          </body>\n          </html>\n        `);\n            }\n            log.info(\n                `🔴 [Layer 1: GlobalErrorHandler] Request END (error): ${req.method} ${req.path}`,\n            );\n        }\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Logging middleware - logs request/response flow.\n     * Demonstrates middleware execution order.\n     * IMPORTANT: Must be async and await next() to properly chain with async middleware.\n     */\n    async logNextLayer(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): Promise<void> {\n        log.info(`🟡 [Layer 2: LogNextLayer] Before next() - ${req.method} ${req.path}`);\n        await next();\n        log.info(`🟡 [Layer 2: LogNextLayer] After next() - ${req.method} ${req.path}`);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * CORS middleware. DO NOT MOUNT UNCONDITIONALLY — {@link WebpiecesExpressRouter.bindAndStartExpress}\n     * mounts it ONLY when {@link WebpiecesConfig.corsOrigins} is non-empty, and that is the point.\n     *\n     * CORS exists solely to let a browser on a DIFFERENT origin call this api — in practice\n     * `ng serve` on :4200 hitting an api on :8080 during development, or a UI hosted on a different\n     * host than the api. A server that serves its own browser app needs NO cors at all, because a\n     * browser does not apply cors to a same-origin request. So in production this middleware is\n     * normally ABSENT, and absent is the safe state: every origin it allows gains the right to make\n     * CREDENTIALED cross-origin calls and READ the responses. Mounting it unconditionally (as the\n     * old corsForLocalhost did) handed that right to anything on the victim's localhost, in prod,\n     * for no benefit whatsoever.\n     *\n     * When mounted, allows: a request with NO Origin (curl, server-to-server, a CLI); the server's\n     * OWN origin; and EXACTLY the origins in `corsOrigins` — nothing is implicit. Anything else gets\n     * a clean 403, never the HTML 500 the old `callback(new Error(...))` produced.\n     *\n     * SAME-ORIGIN MUST STAY ALLOWED even though a same-origin request needs no cors headers, because\n     * a browser attaches an `Origin` header to EVERY POST — including a same-origin POST — and every\n     * webpieces route is a POST. Once mounted, this middleware SEES that origin, so if it did not\n     * allow it, it would 403 the server's own UI. That was the production bug.\n     *\n     * The same-origin test compares HOST ONLY, deliberately. Behind a TLS-terminating proxy (Cloud\n     * Run, any load balancer) `req.protocol` is `http` while the browser's `Origin` says `https`, so\n     * comparing full origins would reject the server's own origin on every deploy.\n     *\n     * @returns Express middleware handler for CORS\n     */\n    corsMiddleware(config?: WebpiecesConfig): RequestHandler {\n        const allowedOrigins = config?.corsOrigins ?? [];\n        log.info(\n            `[WebpiecesMiddleware] CORS MOUNTED. Allowing same-origin + [${allowedOrigins.join(', ')}]. ` +\n                `Every other browser origin gets a 403.`,\n        );\n\n        const handler = cors({\n            origin: true, // reflect the request origin — we have already vetted it below\n            credentials: true,\n            methods: ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', 'PATCH', 'OPTIONS'],\n            allowedHeaders: '*',\n            exposedHeaders: '*',\n            maxAge: 3600,\n        });\n\n        return (req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction): void => {\n            const origin = req.headers.origin;\n            if (!origin) {\n                // No Origin -> not a browser cross-origin request; nothing to negotiate.\n                next();\n                return;\n            }\n            if (this.isOriginAllowed(origin, req.get('host'), allowedOrigins)) {\n                handler(req, res, next);\n                return;\n            }\n            log.info(`[CORS] Blocked origin: ${origin}`);\n            res.status(403).json({\n                name: 'CorsError',\n                message: `CORS not allowed for origin: ${origin}`,\n            });\n        };\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Same-origin (HOST ONLY — see corsMiddleware() on why the scheme is deliberately ignored), or an\n     * explicit entry in corsOrigins. NOTHING is implicit: localhost is allowed only if the config\n     * asked for it, so a production server that enables cors for a cross-host UI does not silently\n     * open the door to localhost as well.\n     */\n    private isOriginAllowed(origin: string, host: string | undefined, allowedOrigins: string[]): boolean {\n        let originHost: string;\n        // eslint-disable-next-line @webpieces/no-unmanaged-exceptions -- a malformed Origin is untrusted browser input, not a server fault; it must become a 403 here, never bubble to the 500 chokepoint\n        try {\n            originHost = new URL(origin).host;\n        } catch (err: unknown) {\n            const error = toError(err);\n            log.info(`[CORS] Malformed Origin header '${origin}': ${error.message}`);\n            return false;\n        }\n        if (host !== undefined && originHost === host) {\n            return true; // same-origin: the server's own UI calling its own api\n        }\n        return allowedOrigins.some((allowed: string): boolean => this.matchesOrigin(origin, allowed));\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Exact origin match, except a `*` in the PORT position matches any port: `http://localhost:*`\n     * is what a developer writes, because the angular dev-server port moves around.\n     *\n     * The `*` is deliberately NOT a general wildcard — it never spans a host, and what follows the\n     * prefix must be a real (digits-only) port. So `http://localhost:*` cannot be tricked into\n     * matching `http://localhost.evil.com`, and a bare `*` matches nothing at all.\n     */\n    private matchesOrigin(origin: string, allowed: string): boolean {\n        if (allowed === origin) {\n            return true;\n        }\n        const wildcardSuffix = ':*';\n        if (!allowed.endsWith(wildcardSuffix)) {\n            return false;\n        }\n        const prefix = allowed.slice(0, -wildcardSuffix.length);\n        if (!origin.startsWith(`${prefix}:`)) {\n            return false;\n        }\n        const port = origin.slice(prefix.length + 1);\n        return /^\\d+$/.test(port);\n    }\n\n    /**\n     * Create an ExpressWrapper for a route.\n     * The wrapper handles the full request/response cycle (symmetric design): it publishes the\n     * HttpRequest + fills the context, then invokes the api client method (the proxy).\n     *\n     * @param clientMethod - The api client's method for this route (dto → response); the proxy\n     *   runs the filter chain + controller.\n     * @param path - The route path (used to build the HttpRequest).\n     * @returns ExpressWrapper instance\n     */\n    createExpressWrapper(\n        // webpieces-disable no-any-unknown -- request/response DTOs are erased at the routing boundary\n        clientMethod: (requestDto: unknown) => Promise<unknown>,\n        path: string,\n    ): ExpressWrapper {\n        return new ExpressWrapper(clientMethod, path, this.headers);\n    }\n}\n"]}