@webos-tools/cli 3.1.3 → 3.2.0

package/lib/base/novacom.js

@@ -1,1202 +1,1214 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2020-2024 LG Electronics Inc.
- *
- * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
- */
-
-const async = require('async'),
-    chalk = require('chalk'),
-    fs = require('fs'),
-    mkdirp = require('mkdirp'),
-    net = require('net'),
-    log = require('npmlog'),
-    path = require('path'),
-    request = require('request'),
-    shelljs = require('shelljs'),
-    Ssh2 = require('ssh2'),
-    stream = require('stream'),
-    util = require('util'),
-    Appdata = require('./cli-appdata'),
-    errHndl = require('./error-handler'),
-    server = require('./server');
-
-// novacom emulation layer, on top of ssh
-(function() {
-    const novacom = {};
-
-    log.heading = 'novacom';
-    log.level = 'warn';
-    novacom.log = log;
-
-    const keydir = path.resolve(process.env.HOME || process.env.USERPROFILE, '.ssh');
-    let cliData;
-
-    function makeExecError(cmd, code, signal, orgErrMsg) {
-        let err = null; // null:success, undefined:did-not-run, Error:failure
-
-        if (orgErrMsg) {
-            orgErrMsg = "\n(Original Message: " + orgErrMsg.replace(/\u001b[^m]*?m/g,"").trim() + ")";
-        } else {
-            orgErrMsg = "";
-        }
-
-        if (signal) {
-            signal = " (signal: " + signal + ")";
-        } else {
-            signal = "";
-        }
-
-        if (code !== 0 || signal) {
-            err = new Error();
-            err.message = "Command '" + cmd + "' exited with code=" + code + signal + orgErrMsg;
-            err.code = code;
-
-            return errHndl.getErrMsg(err);
-        }
-        return err;
-    }
-
-    novacom.Resolver = Resolver;
-
-    /**
-     * @constructor
-     */
-    function Resolver() {
-        /**
-         * @property devices
-         * This list use to be maintained by novacomd
-         */
-        this.devices = [];
-        this.deviceFileContent = null;
-        cliData = new Appdata();
-    }
-
-    novacom.Resolver.prototype = {
-        /**
-         * Load the resolver DB from the filesystem
-         * @param {Function} next a common-JS callback invoked when the DB is ready to use.
-         */
-        load: function(next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#load()");
-            const resolver = this;
-
-            async.waterfall([
-                _replaceBuiltinSshKey.bind(resolver),
-                _adjustList.bind(resolver),
-                _loadString.bind(resolver)
-            ], function(err) {
-                if (err) {
-                    setImmediate(next, err);
-                } else {
-                    log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#load()", "devices:", resolver.devices);
-                    setImmediate(next);
-                }
-            });
-
-            function _replaceBuiltinSshKey(next) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#load()#_replaceBuiltinSshKey()");
-                const builtinPrvKeyForEmul = path.join(__dirname, "../../files/conf/", 'webos_emul'),
-                    userHomePrvKeyForEmul = path.join(keydir, 'webos_emul');
-
-                fs.stat(builtinPrvKeyForEmul, function(err, builtinKeyStat) {
-                    if (err) {
-                        if (err.code === 'ENOENT') {
-                            setImmediate(next);
-                        } else {
-                            setImmediate(next, err);
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        fs.stat(userHomePrvKeyForEmul, function(error, userKeyStat) {
-                            if (error) {
-                                if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
-                                    mkdirp(keydir, function() {
-                                        shelljs.cp('-rf', builtinPrvKeyForEmul, keydir);
-                                        fs.chmodSync(userHomePrvKeyForEmul, '0600');
-                                        setImmediate(next);
-                                    });
-                                } else {
-                                    setImmediate(next, error);
-                                }
-                            } else {
-                                if (builtinKeyStat.mtime.getTime() > userKeyStat.mtime.getTime()) {
-                                    shelljs.cp('-rf', builtinPrvKeyForEmul, keydir);
-                                    fs.chmodSync(userHomePrvKeyForEmul, '0600');
-                                }
-                                setImmediate(next);
-                            }
-                        });
-                    }
-                });
-            }
-
-            /*
-             * Add "default" field to list files
-             * Set "emulator" to default target
-             */
-            function _adjustList(next) {
-                const defaultTarget = "emulator";
-                let inDevices = cliData.getDeviceList(true);
-
-                // count targes does not have "default field"
-                const defaultFields = inDevices.filter(function(device) {
-                    return (device.default !== undefined);
-                });
-                if (defaultFields.length < 1) {
-                    log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#load()#_adjustList()", "rewrite default field");
-                    inDevices = inDevices.map(function(dev) {
-                        if (defaultTarget === dev.name) {
-                            dev.default = true;
-                        } else {
-                            dev.default = false;
-                        }
-                        return dev;
-                    });
-                    this.save(inDevices);
-                }
-                setImmediate(next);
-            }
-
-            /*
-             * Load devices described in the given string
-             * (supposed to be a JSON Array).
-             */
-            function _loadString(next) {
-                const inDevices = cliData.getDeviceList(true);
-
-                if (!Array.isArray(inDevices)) {
-                    setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_FILE"));
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                async.forEach(inDevices, function(inDevice, next) {
-                    async.series([
-                        resolver._loadOne.bind(resolver, inDevice),
-                        resolver._addOne.bind(resolver, inDevice)
-                    ], next);
-                }, function(err) {
-                    if (err) {
-                        setImmediate(next, err);
-                    } else {
-                        setImmediate(next);
-                    }
-                });
-            }
-        },
-
-        /*
-         * Resolve the SSH private key of the given device
-         * into a usable string.  Prefer already fetch keys,
-         * then manually-configured OpenSSH one & finally
-         * fetch it from a distant device (webOS Pro only).
-         */
-        _loadOne: function(inDevice, next) {
-            if (typeof inDevice.privateKey === 'string') {
-                inDevice.privateKeyName = inDevice.privateKey;
-                inDevice.privateKey = Buffer.from(inDevice.privateKey, 'base64');
-                setImmediate(next);
-            } else if (typeof inDevice.privateKey === 'object' && typeof inDevice.privateKey.openSsh === 'string') {
-                inDevice.privateKeyName = inDevice.privateKey.openSsh;
-                async.waterfall([
-                    fs.readFile.bind(this, path.join(keydir, inDevice.privateKey.openSsh), next),
-                    function(privateKey, next) {
-                        inDevice.privateKey = privateKey;
-                        setImmediate(next);
-                    }
-                ], function(err) {
-                    // do not load non-existing OpenSSH private key files
-                    if (err) {
-                        log.verbose("novacom#Resolver()#_loadOne()", "Unable to find SSH private key named '" +
-                                    inDevice.privateKey.openSsh + "' from '" + keydir + " for '" + inDevice.name + "'");
-                        inDevice.privateKey = undefined;
-                    }
-                    setImmediate(next);
-                });
-            } else if (inDevice.type !== undefined && inDevice.type === 'webospro') {
-                // FIXME: here is the place to stream-down the SSH private key from the device
-                setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("NOT_IMPLEMENTED", "webOS Pro device type handling"));
-            } else { // private Key is not defined in novacom-device.json
-                if (!inDevice.password) {
-                    log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#_loadOne()", "Regist privateKey : need to set a SSH private key in " +
-                                keydir + " for'" + inDevice.name + "'");
-                }
-                inDevice.privateKeyName = undefined;
-                inDevice.privateKey = undefined;
-                setImmediate(next);
-            }
-        },
-
-        /*
-         * Add given inDevice to the Resolver DB, overwritting
-         * any existing one with the same "name:" is needed.
-         */
-        _addOne: function(inDevice, next) {
-            // add the current profile device only
-            if (!inDevice.profile || !cliData.compareProfileSync(inDevice.profile)) {
-                return setImmediate(next);
-            }
-
-            inDevice.display = {
-                name: inDevice.name,
-                type: inDevice.type,
-                privateKeyName: inDevice.privateKeyName,
-                passphrase: inDevice.passphrase,
-                description: inDevice.description,
-                conn: inDevice.conn || ['ssh'],
-                devId: inDevice.id || null
-            };
-
-            if (inDevice.username && inDevice.host && inDevice.port) {
-                inDevice.display.addr = "ssh://" + inDevice.username + "@" + inDevice.host + ":" + inDevice.port;
-            }
-
-            for (const n in inDevice) {
-                if (n !== "display") {
-                    inDevice.display[n] = inDevice[n];
-                }
-            }
-
-            // filter-out `this.devices` from the one having the same name as `inDevice`...
-            this.devices = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
-                return device.name !== inDevice.name;
-            });
-
-            // ...hook proper luna interface
-            const systemCmd = cliData.getCommandService();
-            inDevice.lunaSend = systemCmd.lunaSend;
-            inDevice.lunaAddr = systemCmd.lunaAddr;
-
-            // ...and then append `inDevice`
-            this.devices.push(inDevice);
-            setImmediate(next);
-        },
-
-
-        /**
-         * @public
-         */
-        save: function(devicesData, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#save()");
-            return cliData.setDeviceList(devicesData, next);
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * @public
-         */
-        list: function(next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#list()");
-            setImmediate(next, null, this.devices.map(function(device) {
-                return device.display;
-            }));
-        },
-
-        setTargetName: function(target, printTarget, next) {
-            let name = (typeof target === 'string' ? target : target && target.name);
-            if (!name) {
-                const usbDevices = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
-                    return (device.conn && device.conn.indexOf("novacom") !== -1);
-                });
-
-                if (usbDevices.length > 1) {
-                    return next(errHndl.getErrMsg("CONNECTED_MULTI_DEVICE"));
-                }
-
-                // default target priority
-                // specified target name > target connected by novacom > user setting > emulator
-                if (usbDevices.length > 0 && usbDevices[0].name) {
-                    name = usbDevices[0].name;
-                } else {
-                    const defaultTargets = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
-                        return (device.default && device.default === true);
-                    });
-
-                    if (defaultTargets.length > 1) {
-                        return next(errHndl.getErrMsg("SET_DEFAULT_MULTI_DEVICE"));
-                    } else if (defaultTargets.length === 1) {
-                        name = defaultTargets[0].name;
-                    } else {
-                        // if cannot find default target in list, set to "emulator"
-                        name = "emulator";
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            if (printTarget) {
-                console.log(chalk.green("[Info] Set target device : " + name));
-            }
-            next(null, 'name', name);
-        },
-
-        getDeviceBy: function(key, value, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#getDeviceBy()", "key:", key, ", value:", value);
-            const devices = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
-                return device[key] && device[key] === value;
-            });
-
-            if (devices.length < 1) {
-                setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("UNMATCHED_DEVICE", key, value));
-            } else if (typeof next === 'function') {
-                setImmediate(next, null, devices[0]);
-            } else {
-                return devices[0];
-            }
-        },
-
-        getSshPrvKey: function(target, next) {
-            let name = (typeof target === 'string' ? target : target && target.name);
-            if (!name) {
-                // if name is not specified, find default target
-                const defaultTargets = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
-                    return (device.default && device.default === true);
-                });
-                if (defaultTargets.length > 1) {
-                    return next(errHndl.getErrMsg("SET_DEFAULT_MULTI_DEVICE"));
-                } else if (defaultTargets.length === 1) {
-                    name = defaultTargets[0].name;
-                } else {
-                    // if cannot find default target in list, set to "emulator"
-                    name = "emulator";
-                }
-                // assign target name
-                if (typeof target === 'string') {
-                    target = name;
-                } else if (typeof target === 'object') {
-                    target.name = name;
-                }
-            }
-
-            async.waterfall([
-                this.getDeviceBy.bind(this, 'name', name),
-                function(targetDevice, next) {
-                    log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()", "targetDevice.host:", targetDevice.host);
-                    const url = 'http://' + targetDevice.host + ':9991' + '/webos_rsa';
-                    const keyFileNamePrefix = targetDevice.name.replace(/(\s+)/gi, '_');
-                    const keyFileName = keyFileNamePrefix + "_webos";
-                    const keySavePath = path.join(keydir, keyFileName);
-                    request.head(url, function(err, res) {
-                        if (err || (res && res.statusCode !== 200)) {
-                            return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("FAILED_GET_SSHKEY"));
-                        }
-                        log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()#head", "content-type:", res.headers['content-type']);
-                        log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()#head", "content-length:", res.headers['content-length']);
-                        request(url).pipe(fs.createWriteStream(keySavePath)).on('close', function(error) {
-                            if (error) {
-                                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("FAILED_GET_SSHKEY"));
-                            } else {
-                                setImmediate(next, error, keySavePath, keyFileName);
-                            }
-                        });
-                    });
-                },
-                function(keyFilePath, keyFileName, next) {
-                    log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()", "SSH Private Key:", keyFilePath);
-                    console.log("SSH Private Key:", keyFilePath);
-                    fs.chmodSync(keyFilePath, '0600');
-                    setImmediate(next, null, keyFileName);
-                }
-            ], next);
-        },
-
-        modifyDeviceFile: function(op, target, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#modifyDeviceFile()", "op:", op);
-            let defaultTarget = "emulator",
-                inDevices = cliData.getDeviceList(true);
-
-            if (!target.name) {
-                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("EMPTY_VALUE", "target"));
-            }
-
-            if (!Array.isArray(inDevices)) {
-                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_FILE"));
-            }
-
-            const matchedDevices = inDevices.filter(function(dev) {
-                let match = false;
-                if (target.name === dev.name) {
-                    if (target.profile) {
-                        if (target.profile === dev.profile) {
-                            match = true;
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        match = true;
-                    }
-                }
-                return match;
-            });
-
-            if (op === 'add') {
-                if (matchedDevices.length > 0) {
-                    return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("EXISTING_VALUE", "DEVICE_NAME", target.name));
-                }
-
-                for (const key in target) {
-                    if (target[key] === "@DELETE@") {
-                        delete target[key];
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (target.default === true) {
-                    defaultTarget = target.name;
-                } else if (target.default === false) {
-                    // new device is not a default target, keep current default target device.
-                    defaultTarget = null;
-                }
-
-                inDevices = inDevices.concat(target);
-            } else if (op === 'remove' || op === 'modify' || op === 'default') {
-                if (matchedDevices.length === 0) {
-                    return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_VALUE", "DEVICE_NAME", target.name));
-                }
-
-                if (op === 'remove') {
-                    inDevices = inDevices.filter(function(dev) {
-                        if (target.name === dev.name) {
-                            if (dev.indelible === true) {
-                                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("CANNOT_REMOVE_DEVICE", dev.name));
-                            } else {
-                                // removed target is not default target, do not set defalut to others
-                                if (dev.default === false) {
-                                    defaultTarget = null;
-                                }
-                                return false;
-                            }
-                        } else {
-                            return true;
-                        }
-                    });
-                } else if (op === 'modify') {
-                    inDevices = inDevices.map(function(dev) {
-                        if (target.name === dev.name) {
-                            if (dev.default === true) {
-                                // keep current default device as modified target
-                                defaultTarget = dev.name;
-                            } else {
-                                // do not change default device
-                                defaultTarget = null;
-                            }
-
-                            for (const prop in target) {
-                                if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, prop)) {
-                                    dev[prop] = target[prop];
-                                    if (dev[prop] === "@DELETE@") {
-                                        delete dev[prop];
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                        return dev;
-                    });
-                } else if (op === 'default') {
-                    inDevices.map(function(dev) {
-                        if (target.name === dev.name) {
-                            if (target.default === true) {
-                                defaultTarget = target.name;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    });
-                }
-            } else {
-                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("UNKNOWN_OPERATOR", op));
-            }
-
-            // Set default target & others to no default target(false)
-            if (defaultTarget != null) {
-                inDevices = inDevices.map(function(dev) {
-                    if (defaultTarget === dev.name) {
-                        dev.default = true;
-                    } else {
-                        dev.default = false;
-                    }
-                    return dev;
-                });
-            }
-            this.save(inDevices, next);
-        }
-    };
-
-    /**
-     * @constructor
-     * @param {String} target the name of the target device to connect to.  "default"
-     * @param {Function} next common-js callback, invoked when the Session becomes usable or definitively unusable (failed)
-     */
-    function Session(target, printTarget, next) {
-        if (typeof next !== 'function') {
-            throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next", util.inspect(next));
-        }
-
-        const name = (typeof target === 'string' ? target : target && target.name);
-        log.info("novacom#Session()", "opening session to '" + (name ? name : "default device") + "'");
-        this.resolver = new Resolver();
-
-        async.waterfall([
-            this.resolver.load.bind(this.resolver),
-            this.resolver.setTargetName.bind(this.resolver, target, printTarget),
-            this.resolver.getDeviceBy.bind(this.resolver),
-            this.checkConnection.bind(this),
-            this.begin.bind(this)
-        ], next);
-    }
-
-    novacom.Session = Session;
-
-    novacom.Session.prototype = {
-        /**
-         * Check if socket can be connected
-         * This method can be called multiple times.
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        checkConnection: function(target, next) {
-            let alive = false;
-            if (target && target.host && target.port) {
-                const socket = new net.Socket();
-                socket.setTimeout(2000);
-                const client = socket.connect({
-                    host: target.host,
-                    port: target.port
-                });
-                client.on('connect', function() {
-                    alive = true;
-                    client.end();
-                    setImmediate(next, null, target);
-                });
-                client.on('error', function(err) {
-                    client.destroy();
-                    setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg(err));
-                });
-                client.on('timeout', function() {
-                    client.destroy();
-                    if (!alive) {
-                        setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("TIME_OUT"));
-                    }
-                });
-            } else {
-                setImmediate(next, null, target);
-            }
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Begin a novacom session with the current target
-         * This method can be called multiple times.
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        begin: function(target, next) {
-            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#begin()", "target:", target.display);
-            const self = this;
-            this.target = target || this.target;
-
-            if (this.target.conn && (this.target.conn.indexOf('ssh') === -1)) {
-                setImmediate(next, null, this);
-                return this;
-            }
-
-            if (this.target.privateKey === undefined && this.target.password === undefined) {
-                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("NOT_EXIST_SSHKEY_PASSWD"));
-            }
-
-            if (!this.ssh) {
-                this.forwardedPorts = [];
-                this.ssh = new Ssh2.Client();
-                this.ssh.on('connect', function() {
-                    log.info("novacom#Session()#begin()", "ssh session event: connected");
-                });
-                this.ssh.on('ready', _next.bind(this));
-                this.ssh.on('error', _next.bind(this));
-                this.ssh.on('end', function() {
-                    log.info("novacom#Session()#begin()", "ssh session event: end");
-                });
-                this.ssh.on('close', function(had_error) {
-                    log.info("novacom#Session()#begin()", "ssh session event: close (had_error:", had_error, ")");
-                });
-                this.target.readyTimeout = 30000;
-                //Explicit overrides for the default transport layer algorithms used for the connection.
-                this.target.algorithms = {
-                    "kex": [
-                        "diffie-hellman-group1-sha1",
-                        "ecdh-sha2-nistp256",
-                        "ecdh-sha2-nistp384",
-                        "ecdh-sha2-nistp521",
-                        "diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256",
-                        "diffie-hellman-group14-sha1"
-                      ],
-                }
-                this.ssh.connect(this.target);
-
-                process.on("SIGHUP", _clearSession);
-                process.on("SIGINT", _clearSession);
-                process.on("SIGQUIT", _clearSession);
-                process.on("SIGTERM", _clearSession);
-                process.on("exit", function() {
-                    _clearSession();
-                });
-                // Node.js cannot handle SIGKILL, SIGSTOP
-                // process.on("SIGKILL", _clearSession);
-                // process.on("SIGSTOP", _clearSession);
-            }
-            return this;
-
-            function _next(err) {
-                setImmediate(next, (err ? errHndl.getErrMsg(err) : err), this);
-            }
-
-            function _clearSession() {
-                log.verbose("novacom#Session()#begin()", "clear Session");
-                self.end();
-                setTimeout(function() {
-                    process.exit();
-                }, 500);
-            }
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * @return the resolved device actually in use for this session
-         */
-        getDevice: function() {
-            return this.target;
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Suspend the novacom session.  Underlying resources
-         * are released (eg. SSH connections are closed).
-         */
-        end: function() {
-            log.info('novacom#Session()#end()', "user-requested termination");
-            if (this.ssh) {
-                this.ssh.end();
-            }
-            return this;
-        },
-
-        _checkSftp: function(next) {
-            // FIXME: This is workaround to prevent hang from ssh2.sftp()
-            //       - issue in ssh2: https://github.com/mscdex/ssh2/issues/240
-            //       This way only works with ssh2@0.2.x, not working with ssh2@0.4.x, ssh2@0.3.x.
-            const self = this;
-            self.ssh.subsys('sftp', function(err, _stream) {
-                if (err) {
-                    return setImmediate(next, err);
-                }
-
-                _stream.once('data', function(data) {
-                    const regex = new RegExp("sftp-server(.| )+not found", "gi");
-                    if (data.toString().match(regex)) {
-                        const sftpError = errHndl.getErrMsg("UNABLE_USE_SFTP");
-                        sftpError.code = 4;
-                        return setImmediate(next, sftpError);
-                    }
-                });
-            });
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Upload a file on the device
-         * @param {String} inPath location on the host
-         * @param {String} outPath location on the device
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        put: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Session()#put()", "uploding into device:", outPath, "from host:", inPath);
-            const self = this;
-            let inStream;
-
-            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#put()", "sftpPut()::start");
-            self.sftpPut(inPath, outPath, function(err) {
-                if (err) {
-                    log.verbose(err);
-                    if (4 === err.code || 127 === err.code) {
-                        log.info("novacom#Session()#put()", "sftp is not available, attempt transfering file via streamPut");
-                        inStream = fs.createReadStream(inPath);
-                        self.streamPut(outPath, inStream, next);
-                    } else if (14 === err.code) {
-                        const detailMsg = errHndl.getErrMsg("NO_FREE_SPACE");
-                        setImmediate(next, detailMsg);
-                    } else {
-                        setImmediate(next, err);
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    log.info("novacom#Session()#put()", "sftpPut()::done");
-                    setImmediate(next);
-                }
-            });
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Upload a file on the device via ssh stream
-         * @param {String} outPath location on the device
-         * @param {ReadableStream} inStream paused host-side source
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        streamPut: function(outPath, inStream, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Session()#streamPut()", "streaming into device:" + outPath);
-            const cmd = '/bin/cat > "' + outPath + '"';
-            this.run(cmd, inStream /* stdin*/ , null /* stdout*/ , process.stderr /* stderr*/ , next);
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Upload a file on the device via sftp
-         * @param {String} inPath location on the host
-         * @param {String} outPath location on the device
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        sftpPut: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
-            log.verbose('novacom#Session()#sftpPut()', 'host:' + inPath + ' => ' + 'device:' + outPath);
-            const self = this;
-            self._checkSftp(next);
-
-            async.series({
-                transfer: function(next) {
-                    self.ssh.sftp(function(err, sftp) {
-                        if (err) {
-                            return setImmediate(next, err);
-                        }
-
-                        const readStream = fs.createReadStream(inPath),
-                            writeStream = sftp.createWriteStream(outPath);
-
-                        writeStream.on('close', function() {
-                            sftp.end();
-                            setImmediate(next);
-                        });
-
-                        // Exit when the remote process has terminated
-                        writeStream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
-                            err = makeExecError('sftpPut', code, signal);
-                            setImmediate(next, err);
-                        });
-
-                        writeStream.on('error', function(error) {
-                            log.verbose('novacom#Session()#sftpPut()', "error:", error);
-                            setImmediate(next, error);
-                        });
-
-                        readStream.pipe(writeStream);
-                    });
-                }
-            }, function(err) {
-                setImmediate(next, err);
-            });
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Download file on the device
-         * @param {String} inPath location on the device
-         * @param {String} outPath location on the host
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        get: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
-            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#get()", "downloading into host:", outPath, "from target:", inPath);
-            const self = this;
-
-            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#get()", "sftpGet()::start");
-            self.sftpGet(inPath, outPath, function(err) {
-                if (err) {
-                    log.verbose(err);
-                    if (4 === err.code || 127 === err.code) {
-                        log.info("novacom#Session()#get()", "sftp is not available, attempt transfering file via streamPut");
-                        const os = fs.createWriteStream(outPath);
-                        os.on('error', function(error) {
-                            setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg(error));
-                        });
-                        self.streamGet(inPath, os, next);
-                    } else {
-                        setImmediate(next, err);
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#get()", "sftpGet()::done");
-                    setImmediate(next);
-                }
-            });
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Read a file from the device via ssh stream
-         * @param {String} inPath the device file path to be read
-         * @param {WritableStream} outStream host-side destination to copy the file into
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        streamGet: function(inPath, outStream, next) {
-            log.verbose('novacom#Session()#streamGet()', "streaming from device:" + inPath);
-            const cmd = '/bin/cat ' + inPath;
-            this.run(cmd, null /* stdin*/ , outStream /* stdout*/ , process.stderr /* stderr*/ , next);
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Download file on the device via sftp
-         * @param {String} inPath location on the device
-         * @param {String} outPath location on the host
-         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
-         */
-        sftpGet: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
-            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#sftpGet()", "target:" + inPath + " => " + "host:" + outPath);
-            const self = this;
-            self._checkSftp(next);
-            async.series({
-                transfer: function(next) {
-                    self.ssh.sftp(function(err, sftp) {
-                        if (err) {
-                            setImmediate(next, err);
-                            return;
-                        }
-
-                        const readStream = sftp.createReadStream(inPath),
-                            writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(outPath);
-
-                        readStream.on('close', function() {
-                            sftp.end();
-                            setImmediate(next);
-                        });
-
-                        // Exit when the remote process has terminated
-                        readStream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
-                            err = makeExecError('sftpGet', code, signal);
-                            setImmediate(next, err);
-                        });
-
-                        readStream.on('error', function(error) {
-                            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#sftpGet()", "error:", error);
-                            setImmediate(next, error);
-                        });
-
-                        readStream.pipe(writeStream);
-                    });
-                }
-            }, function(err) {
-                setImmediate(next, err);
-            });
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Run a command on the device
-         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
-         * @param {stream.ReadableStream} stdin given as novacom process stdin
-         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stdout given as novacom process stdout
-         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stderr given as novacom process stderr
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        run: function(cmd, stdin, stdout, stderr, next) {
-            this.run_ssh(cmd, {}, stdin, stdout, stderr, next);
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Run a command with exec option on the device
-         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
-         * @param {Object} opt given as exec option
-         * @param {stream.ReadableStream} stdin given as novacom process stdin
-         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stdout given as novacom process stdout
-         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stderr given as novacom process stderr
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        runWithOption: function(cmd, opt, stdin, stdout, stderr, next) {
-            this.run_ssh(cmd, opt, stdin, stdout, stderr, next);
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Run a command on the device
-         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
-         * @param {Object} opt given as exec option
-         * @param {stream.ReadableStream} stdin given as novacom process stdin
-         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stdout given as novacom process stdout
-         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stderr given as novacom process stderr
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        run_ssh: function(cmd, opt, stdin, stdout, stderr, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Session()#run()", "cmd:" + cmd + ", opt:" + JSON.stringify(opt));
-            if (typeof next !== 'function') {
-                throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next", util.inspect(next));
-            }
-
-            // plumb output
-            const write = {},
-                obj = {};
-                let orgErrMsg;
-
-            if (!stdout) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stdout: none");
-                write.stdout = function() {};
-            } else if (stdout instanceof stream.Stream) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stdout: stream");
-                write.stdout = stdout.write;
-                obj.stdout = stdout;
-            } else if (stdout instanceof Function) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stdout: function");
-                write.stdout = stdout;
-            } else {
-                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_VALUE", "stdout", util.inspect(stdout)));
-            }
-
-            if (!stderr) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stderr: none");
-                write.stderr = function() {};
-            } else if (stderr instanceof stream.Stream) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stderr: stream");
-                write.stderr = stderr.write;
-                obj.stderr = stderr;
-            } else if (stderr instanceof Function) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stderr: function");
-                write.stderr = stderr;
-            } else {
-                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_VALUE", "stderr", util.inspect(stderr)));
-            }
-
-            // execute command
-            this.ssh.exec(cmd, opt, (function(err, chStream) {
-                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "exec cmd:" + cmd + ", opt:" + JSON.stringify(opt) + ", err:" + err);
-                if (err) {
-                    return setImmediate(next, err);
-                }
-
-                // manual pipe(): handle & divert data chunks
-                chStream.on('data', function(data, extended) {
-                    extended = extended || 'stdout';
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "on data (" + extended + ")");
-                    write[extended].bind(obj[extended])(data);
-                }).stderr.on('data', function(data) {
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "on data (stderr)");
-                    orgErrMsg = data.toString();
-                });
-
-                // manual pipe(): handle EOF
-                chStream.on('end', function() {
-                    log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "event EOF from (cmd:" + cmd + ")");
-                    if ((stdout !== process.stdout) && (stdout instanceof stream.Stream)) {
-                        stdout.end();
-                    }
-                    if ((stderr !== process.stderr) && (stderr instanceof stream.Stream)) {
-                        stderr.end();
-                    }
-                });
-
-                // Exit when the remote process has terminated
-                chStream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
-                    log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "event exit code:" + code + ', signal:' + signal + " (cmd:" + cmd + ")");
-                    err = makeExecError(cmd, code, signal, orgErrMsg);
-                    setImmediate(next, err);
-                });
-
-                // Exit if the 'exit' event was not
-                // received (dropbear <= 0.51)
-                chStream.on('close', function() {
-                    log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "event close (cmd:" + cmd + ")");
-                    if (err === undefined) {
-                        setImmediate(next);
-                    }
-                });
-
-                if (stdin) {
-                    stdin.pipe(chStream);
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "resuming input");
-                }
-            }));
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Run a command on the device considerless return stdout
-         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
-         * @param {Function} callback invoked upon exit event
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        runNoHangup: function(cmd, cbData, cbExit, next) {
-            this.runNoHangup_ssh(cmd, cbData, cbExit, next);
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Run a command on the device considerless return stdout
-         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
-         * @param {Function} callback invoked upon exit event
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        runNoHangup_ssh: function(cmd, cbData, cbExit, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()", "cmd=" + cmd);
-            if (arguments.length < 2) {
-                throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next");
-            }
-
-            for (const arg in arguments) {
-                if (typeof arguments[arg] === 'undefined') {
-                    delete arguments[arg];
-                    arguments.length--;
-                }
-            }
-
-            switch (arguments.length) {
-                case 2:
-                    next = cbData;
-                    cbData = cbExit = null;
-                    break;
-                case 3:
-                    next = cbExit;
-                    cbExit = cbData;
-                    cbData = null;
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    break;
-            }
-
-            if (typeof next !== 'function') {
-                throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next", util.inspect(next));
-            }
-
-            // execute command
-            this.ssh.exec(cmd, (function(err, _stream) {
-                log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "exec cmd:" + cmd + ", err:" + err);
-                if (err) {
-                    return setImmediate(next, err);
-                }
-
-                _stream.on('data', function(data) {
-                    const str = (Buffer.isBuffer(data)) ? data.toString() : data;
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()#onData", str);
-                    if (cbData) cbData(data);
-                }).stderr.on('data', function(data) {
-                    const str = (Buffer.isBuffer(data)) ? data.toString() : data;
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()#onData#stderr#", str);
-                    if (cbData) cbData(data);
-                });
-
-                // Exit when the remote process has terminated
-                if (cbExit) {
-                    _stream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
-                        log.verbose("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()", "event exit code=" + code + ', signal=' + signal + " (cmd: " + cmd + ")");
-                        err = makeExecError(cmd, code, signal);
-                        cbExit(err);
-                    });
-                }
-                setImmediate(next);
-            }));
-        },
-
-        /**
-         * Forward the given device port on the host.
-         * As any other public method, this one can be called
-         * only once the ssh session has emitted the 'ready'
-         * event, so as part of the Session()#next callback.
-         * @public
-         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
-         */
-        forward: function(devicePort, localPort, forwardName, next) {
-            log.info("novacom#Session()#forward()", "devicePort:", devicePort, ", localPort:", localPort);
-            const session = this;
-            let forwardInUse = false,
-                registerName = null;
-
-            if (typeof forwardName === 'function') {
-                next = forwardName;
-            } else if (forwardName) {
-                    registerName = forwardName;
-            }
-
-            if (localPort !== 0) {
-                if (session.forwardedPorts.indexOf({
-                        name: registerName,
-                        local: localPort,
-                        device: devicePort
-                    }) > 0) {
-                    forwardInUse = true;
-                }
-            } else if (session.forwardedPorts.filter(function(forwardItem) {
-                        return (forwardItem.device === devicePort && forwardItem.name === registerName);
-                    }).length > 0) {
-                    forwardInUse = true;
-            }
-
-            if (forwardInUse) {
-                return setImmediate(next);
-            }
-
-            const localServer = net.createServer(function(inCnx) {
-                log.info("novacom#Session()#forward()", "new client, localPort:", localPort);
-                log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "new client, from: " + inCnx.remoteAddress + ':' + inCnx.remotePort);
-
-                inCnx.on('error', function(err) {
-                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "inCnx::error, err::" + err);
-                });
-
-                // Open the outbound connection on the device to match the incoming client.
-                session.ssh.forwardOut("127.0.0.1" /* srcAddr*/ , inCnx.remotePort /* srcPort*/ , "127.0.0.1" /* dstAddr*/ , devicePort /* dstPort*/ , function(err, outCnx) {
-                    if (err) {
-                        console.log("novacom#Session()#forward()", "failed forwarding client localPort:",
-                                    localPort, "(inCnx.remotePort:", inCnx.remotePort, ")=> devicePort:", devicePort);
-                        log.warn("novacom#Session()#forward()", "failed forwarding client localPort:",
-                                localPort, "=> devicePort:", devicePort);
-                        inCnx.destroy();
-                        return;
-                    }
-
-                    log.info("novacom#Session()#forward()", "connected, devicePort:", devicePort);
-                    inCnx.on('data', function(data) {
-                        if (outCnx.writable && outCnx.writable === true) {
-                            if (outCnx.write(data) === false) {
-                                inCnx.pause();
-                            }
-                        }
-                    });
-
-                    inCnx.on('close', function(had_err) {
-                        log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "inCnx::close, had_err:", had_err);
-                        outCnx.destroy();
-                    });
-
-                    outCnx.on('drain', function() {
-                        inCnx.resume();
-                    });
-
-                    outCnx.on('data', function(data) {
-                        inCnx.write(data);
-                    });
-
-                    outCnx.on('close', function(had_err) {
-                        log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "outCnx::close, had_err:", had_err);
-                    });
-                });
-            });
-
-            session.ssh.on('close', function() {
-                localServer.close();
-            });
-
-            try {
-                localServer.listen(localPort, null, (function() {
-                    const localServerPort = localServer.address().port;
-                    session.forwardedPorts.push({
-                        name: registerName,
-                        local: localServerPort,
-                        device: devicePort
-                    });
-                    setImmediate(next);
-                }));
-            } catch (err) {
-                setImmediate(next, err);
-            }
-        },
-
-        getLocalPortByName: function(queryName) {
-            const session = this;
-            let found = null;
-            session.forwardedPorts.forEach(function(portItem) {
-                if (portItem.name === queryName) {
-                    found = portItem.local;
-                    return;
-                }
-            });
-            return found;
-        },
-
-        runHostedAppServer: function(url, next) {
-            server.runServer(url, 0, function(err, serverInfo) {
-                if (serverInfo && serverInfo.port) {
-                    this.setHostedAppServerPort(serverInfo.port);
-                }
-                next(err);
-            }.bind(this));
-        },
-
-        setHostedAppServerPort: function(port) {
-            this.hostedAppServerPort = port;
-        },
-
-        getHostedAppServerPort: function() {
-            return this.hostedAppServerPort;
-        }
-    };
-
-    if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
-        module.exports = novacom;
-    }
-}());
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2020-2024 LG Electronics Inc.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+const async = require('async'),
+    chalk = require('chalk'),
+    fs = require('fs'),
+    mkdirp = require('mkdirp'),
+    net = require('net'),
+    log = require('npmlog'),
+    path = require('path'),
+    request = require('request'),
+    shelljs = require('shelljs'),
+    Ssh2 = require('ssh2'),
+    stream = require('stream'),
+    util = require('util'),
+    Appdata = require('./cli-appdata'),
+    errHndl = require('./error-handler'),
+    server = require('./server');
+
+// novacom emulation layer, on top of ssh
+(function() {
+    const novacom = {};
+
+    log.heading = 'novacom';
+    log.level = 'warn';
+    novacom.log = log;
+
+    const keydir = path.resolve(process.env.HOME || process.env.USERPROFILE, '.ssh');
+    let cliData;
+
+    function makeExecError(cmd, code, signal, orgErrMsg) {
+        let err = null; // null:success, undefined:did-not-run, Error:failure
+
+        if (orgErrMsg) {
+            orgErrMsg = "\n(Original Message: " + orgErrMsg.replace(/\u001b[^m]*?m/g,"").trim() + ")";
+        } else {
+            orgErrMsg = "";
+        }
+
+        if (signal) {
+            signal = " (signal: " + signal + ")";
+        } else {
+            signal = "";
+        }
+
+        if (code !== 0 || signal) {
+            err = new Error();
+            err.message = "Command '" + cmd + "' exited with code=" + code + signal + orgErrMsg;
+            err.code = code;
+
+            return errHndl.getErrMsg(err);
+        }
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    novacom.Resolver = Resolver;
+
+    /**
+     * @constructor
+     */
+    function Resolver() {
+        /**
+         * @property devices
+         * This list use to be maintained by novacomd
+         */
+        this.devices = [];
+        this.deviceFileContent = null;
+        cliData = new Appdata();
+    }
+
+    novacom.Resolver.prototype = {
+        /**
+         * Load the resolver DB from the filesystem
+         * @param {Function} next a common-JS callback invoked when the DB is ready to use.
+         */
+        load: function(next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#load()");
+            const resolver = this;
+
+            async.waterfall([
+                _replaceBuiltinSshKey.bind(resolver),
+                _adjustList.bind(resolver),
+                _loadString.bind(resolver)
+            ], function(err) {
+                if (err) {
+                    setImmediate(next, err);
+                } else {
+                    log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#load()", "devices:", resolver.devices);
+                    setImmediate(next);
+                }
+            });
+
+            function _replaceBuiltinSshKey(next) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#load()#_replaceBuiltinSshKey()");
+                const builtinPrvKeyForEmul = path.join(__dirname, "../../files/conf/", 'webos_emul'),
+                    userHomePrvKeyForEmul = path.join(keydir, 'webos_emul');
+
+                fs.stat(builtinPrvKeyForEmul, function(err, builtinKeyStat) {
+                    if (err) {
+                        if (err.code === 'ENOENT') {
+                            setImmediate(next);
+                        } else {
+                            setImmediate(next, err);
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        fs.stat(userHomePrvKeyForEmul, function(error, userKeyStat) {
+                            if (error) {
+                                if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
+                                    mkdirp(keydir, function() {
+                                        shelljs.cp('-rf', builtinPrvKeyForEmul, keydir);
+                                        fs.chmodSync(userHomePrvKeyForEmul, '0600');
+                                        setImmediate(next);
+                                    });
+                                } else {
+                                    setImmediate(next, error);
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                if (builtinKeyStat.mtime.getTime() > userKeyStat.mtime.getTime()) {
+                                    shelljs.cp('-rf', builtinPrvKeyForEmul, keydir);
+                                    fs.chmodSync(userHomePrvKeyForEmul, '0600');
+                                }
+                                setImmediate(next);
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+            /*
+             * Add "default" field to list files
+             * Set "emulator" to default target
+             */
+            function _adjustList(next) {
+                const defaultTarget = "emulator";
+                let inDevices = cliData.getDeviceList(true);
+
+                // count targes does not have "default field"
+                const defaultFields = inDevices.filter(function(device) {
+                    return (device.default !== undefined);
+                });
+                if (defaultFields.length < 1) {
+                    log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#load()#_adjustList()", "rewrite default field");
+                    inDevices = inDevices.map(function(dev) {
+                        if (defaultTarget === dev.name) {
+                            dev.default = true;
+                        } else {
+                            dev.default = false;
+                        }
+                        return dev;
+                    });
+                    this.save(inDevices);
+                }
+                setImmediate(next);
+            }
+
+            /*
+             * Load devices described in the given string
+             * (supposed to be a JSON Array).
+             */
+            function _loadString(next) {
+                let inDevices = cliData.getDeviceList(true);
+
+                if (!Array.isArray(inDevices)) {
+                    setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_FILE"));
+                    return;
+                }
+                inDevices = inDevices.map((device, index) => ({...device, index}));
+                async.forEach(inDevices, function(inDevice, next) {
+                    async.series([
+                        resolver._loadOne.bind(resolver, inDevice),
+                        resolver._addOne.bind(resolver, inDevice)
+                    ], next);
+                }, function(err) {
+                    if (err) {
+                        setImmediate(next, err);
+                    } else {
+                        setImmediate(next);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        },
+
+        /*
+         * Resolve the SSH private key of the given device
+         * into a usable string.  Prefer already fetch keys,
+         * then manually-configured OpenSSH one & finally
+         * fetch it from a distant device (webOS Pro only).
+         */
+        _loadOne: function(inDevice, next) {
+            if (typeof inDevice.privateKey === 'string') {
+                inDevice.privateKeyName = inDevice.privateKey;
+                inDevice.privateKey = Buffer.from(inDevice.privateKey, 'base64');
+                setImmediate(next);
+            } else if (typeof inDevice.privateKey === 'object' && typeof inDevice.privateKey.openSsh === 'string') {
+                inDevice.privateKeyName = inDevice.privateKey.openSsh;
+                async.waterfall([
+                    fs.readFile.bind(this, path.join(keydir, inDevice.privateKey.openSsh), next),
+                    function(privateKey, next) {
+                        inDevice.privateKey = privateKey;
+                        setImmediate(next);
+                    }
+                ], function(err) {
+                    // do not load non-existing OpenSSH private key files
+                    if (err) {
+                        log.verbose("novacom#Resolver()#_loadOne()", "Unable to find SSH private key named '" +
+                                    inDevice.privateKey.openSsh + "' from '" + keydir + " for '" + inDevice.name + "'");
+                        inDevice.privateKey = undefined;
+                    }
+                    setImmediate(next);
+                });
+            } else if (inDevice.type !== undefined && inDevice.type === 'webospro') {
+                // FIXME: here is the place to stream-down the SSH private key from the device
+                setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("NOT_IMPLEMENTED", "webOS Pro device type handling"));
+            } else { // private Key is not defined in novacom-device.json
+                if (!inDevice.password) {
+                    log.silly("novacom#Resolver()#_loadOne()", "Regist privateKey : need to set a SSH private key in " +
+                                keydir + " for'" + inDevice.name + "'");
+                }
+                inDevice.privateKeyName = undefined;
+                inDevice.privateKey = undefined;
+                setImmediate(next);
+            }
+        },
+
+        /*
+         * Add given inDevice to the Resolver DB, overwritting
+         * any existing one with the same "name:" is needed.
+         */
+        _addOne: function(inDevice, next) {
+            // add the current profile device only
+            if (!inDevice.profile || !cliData.compareProfileSync(inDevice.profile)) {
+                return setImmediate(next);
+            }
+
+            inDevice.display = {
+                name: inDevice.name,
+                type: inDevice.type,
+                privateKeyName: inDevice.privateKeyName,
+                passphrase: inDevice.passphrase,
+                description: inDevice.description,
+                conn: inDevice.conn || ['ssh'],
+                devId: inDevice.id || null
+            };
+
+            if (inDevice.username && inDevice.host && inDevice.port) {
+                inDevice.display.addr = "ssh://" + inDevice.username + "@" + inDevice.host + ":" + inDevice.port;
+            }
+
+            for (const n in inDevice) {
+                if (n !== "display") {
+                    inDevice.display[n] = inDevice[n];
+                }
+            }
+
+            // filter-out `this.devices` from the one having the same name as `inDevice`...
+            this.devices = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
+                return device.name !== inDevice.name;
+            });
+
+            // ...hook proper luna interface
+            const systemCmd = cliData.getCommandService();
+            inDevice.lunaSend = systemCmd.lunaSend;
+            inDevice.lunaAddr = systemCmd.lunaAddr;
+
+            // ...and then append `inDevice`
+            this.devices.push(inDevice);
+            setImmediate(next);
+        },
+
+
+        /**
+         * @public
+         */
+        save: function(devicesData, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#save()");
+            return cliData.setDeviceList(devicesData, next);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @public
+         */
+        list: function(next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#list()");
+            setImmediate(next, null, this.devices.map(function(device) {
+                return device.display;
+            }));
+        },
+
+        setTargetName: function(target, printTarget, next) {
+            let name = (typeof target === 'string' ? target : target && target.name);
+            if (!name) {
+                const usbDevices = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
+                    return (device.conn && device.conn.indexOf("novacom") !== -1);
+                });
+
+                if (usbDevices.length > 1) {
+                    return next(errHndl.getErrMsg("CONNECTED_MULTI_DEVICE"));
+                }
+
+                // default target priority
+                // specified target name > target connected by novacom > user setting > emulator
+                if (usbDevices.length > 0 && usbDevices[0].name) {
+                    name = usbDevices[0].name;
+                } else {
+                    const defaultTargets = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
+                        return (device.default && device.default === true);
+                    });
+
+                    if (defaultTargets.length > 1) {
+                        return next(errHndl.getErrMsg("SET_DEFAULT_MULTI_DEVICE"));
+                    } else if (defaultTargets.length === 1) {
+                        name = defaultTargets[0].name;
+                    } else {
+                        // if cannot find default target in list, set to "emulator"
+                        name = "emulator";
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (printTarget) {
+                console.log(chalk.green("[Info] Set target device : " + name));
+            }
+            next(null, 'name', name);
+        },
+
+        getDeviceBy: function(key, value, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#getDeviceBy()", "key:", key, ", value:", value);
+            const devices = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
+                return device[key] && device[key] === value;
+            });
+
+            if (devices.length < 1) {
+                setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("UNMATCHED_DEVICE", key, value));
+            } else if (typeof next === 'function') {
+                setImmediate(next, null, devices[0]);
+            } else {
+                return devices[0];
+            }
+        },
+
+        getSshPrvKey: function(target, next) {
+            let name = (typeof target === 'string' ? target : target && target.name);
+            if (!name) {
+                // if name is not specified, find default target
+                const defaultTargets = this.devices.filter(function(device) {
+                    return (device.default && device.default === true);
+                });
+                if (defaultTargets.length > 1) {
+                    return next(errHndl.getErrMsg("SET_DEFAULT_MULTI_DEVICE"));
+                } else if (defaultTargets.length === 1) {
+                    name = defaultTargets[0].name;
+                } else {
+                    // if cannot find default target in list, set to "emulator"
+                    name = "emulator";
+                }
+                // assign target name
+                if (typeof target === 'string') {
+                    target = name;
+                } else if (typeof target === 'object') {
+                    target.name = name;
+                }
+            }
+
+            async.waterfall([
+                this.getDeviceBy.bind(this, 'name', name),
+                function(targetDevice, next) {
+                    log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()", "targetDevice.host:", targetDevice.host);
+                    const url = 'http://' + targetDevice.host + ':9991' + '/webos_rsa';
+                    const keyFileNamePrefix = targetDevice.name.replace(/(\s+)/gi, '_');
+                    const keyFileName = keyFileNamePrefix + "_webos";
+                    const keySavePath = path.join(keydir, keyFileName);
+                    request.head(url, function(err, res) {
+                        if (err || (res && res.statusCode !== 200)) {
+                            return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("FAILED_GET_SSHKEY"));
+                        }
+                        log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()#head", "content-type:", res.headers['content-type']);
+                        log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()#head", "content-length:", res.headers['content-length']);
+                        request(url).pipe(fs.createWriteStream(keySavePath)).on('close', function(error) {
+                            if (error) {
+                                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("FAILED_GET_SSHKEY"));
+                            } else {
+                                setImmediate(next, error, keySavePath, keyFileName);
+                            }
+                        });
+                    });
+                },
+                function(keyFilePath, keyFileName, next) {
+                    log.info("Resolver#getSshPrvKey()", "SSH Private Key:", keyFilePath);
+                    console.log("SSH Private Key:", keyFilePath);
+                    fs.chmodSync(keyFilePath, '0600');
+                    setImmediate(next, null, keyFileName);
+                }
+            ], next);
+        },
+
+        modifyDeviceFile: function(op, target, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Resolver()#modifyDeviceFile()", "op:", op);
+            let defaultTarget = "emulator",
+                inDevices = cliData.getDeviceList(true);
+
+            if (!target.name) {
+                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("EMPTY_VALUE", "target"));
+            }
+
+            if (!Array.isArray(inDevices)) {
+                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_FILE"));
+            }
+
+            const matchedDevices = inDevices.filter(function(dev) {
+                let match = false;
+                if (target.name === dev.name) {
+                    if (target.profile) {
+                        if (target.profile === dev.profile) {
+                            match = true;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        match = true;
+                    }
+                }
+                return match;
+            });
+
+            if (op === 'add') {
+                if (matchedDevices.length > 0) {
+                    return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("EXISTING_VALUE", "DEVICE_NAME", target.name));
+                }
+
+                for (const key in target) {
+                    if (target[key] === "@DELETE@") {
+                        delete target[key];
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (target.default === true) {
+                    defaultTarget = target.name;
+                } else if (target.default === false) {
+                    // new device is not a default target, keep current default target device.
+                    defaultTarget = null;
+                }
+
+                inDevices = inDevices.concat(target);
+            } else if (op === 'remove' || op === 'modify' || op === 'default') {
+                if (matchedDevices.length === 0) {
+                    return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_VALUE", "DEVICE_NAME", target.name));
+                }
+
+                if (op === 'remove') {
+                    inDevices = inDevices.filter(function(dev) {
+                        if (target.name === dev.name) {
+                            if (dev.indelible === true) {
+                                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("CANNOT_REMOVE_DEVICE", dev.name));
+                            } else {
+                                // removed target is not default target, do not set defalut to others
+                                if (dev.default === false) {
+                                    defaultTarget = null;
+                                }
+                                return false;
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                    });
+                } else if (op === 'modify') {
+                    inDevices = inDevices.map(function(dev) {
+                        if (target.name === dev.name) {
+                            if (dev.default === true) {
+                                // keep current default device as modified target
+                                defaultTarget = dev.name;
+                            } else {
+                                // do not change default device
+                                defaultTarget = null;
+                            }
+
+                            for (const prop in target) {
+                                if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(target, prop)) {
+                                    dev[prop] = target[prop];
+                                    if (dev[prop] === "@DELETE@") {
+                                        delete dev[prop];
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        return dev;
+                    });
+                } else if (op === 'default') {
+                    inDevices.map(function(dev) {
+                        if (target.name === dev.name) {
+                            if (target.default === true) {
+                                defaultTarget = target.name;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
+            } else {
+                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("UNKNOWN_OPERATOR", op));
+            }
+
+            // Set default target & others to no default target(false)
+            if (defaultTarget != null) {
+                inDevices = inDevices.map(function(dev) {
+                    if (defaultTarget === dev.name) {
+                        dev.default = true;
+                    } else {
+                        dev.default = false;
+                    }
+                    return dev;
+                });
+            }
+            this.save(inDevices, next);
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * @constructor
+     * @param {String} target the name of the target device to connect to.  "default"
+     * @param {Function} next common-js callback, invoked when the Session becomes usable or definitively unusable (failed)
+     */
+    function Session(target, printTarget, next) {
+        if (typeof next !== 'function') {
+            throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next", util.inspect(next));
+        }
+
+        const name = (typeof target === 'string' ? target : target && target.name);
+        log.info("novacom#Session()", "opening session to '" + (name ? name : "default device") + "'");
+        this.resolver = new Resolver();
+
+        async.waterfall([
+            this.resolver.load.bind(this.resolver),
+            this.resolver.setTargetName.bind(this.resolver, target, printTarget),
+            this.resolver.getDeviceBy.bind(this.resolver),
+            this.checkConnection.bind(this),
+            this.begin.bind(this)
+        ], next);
+    }
+
+    novacom.Session = Session;
+
+    novacom.Session.prototype = {
+        /**
+         * Check if socket can be connected
+         * This method can be called multiple times.
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        checkConnection: function(target, next) {
+            let alive = false;
+            if (target && target.host && target.port) {
+                const socket = new net.Socket();
+                socket.setTimeout(2000);
+                const client = socket.connect({
+                    host: target.host,
+                    port: target.port
+                });
+                client.on('connect', function() {
+                    alive = true;
+                    client.end();
+                    setImmediate(next, null, target);
+                });
+                client.on('error', function(err) {
+                    client.destroy();
+                    setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg(err));
+                });
+                client.on('timeout', function() {
+                    client.destroy();
+                    if (!alive) {
+                        setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("TIME_OUT"));
+                    }
+                });
+            } else {
+                setImmediate(next, null, target);
+            }
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Begin a novacom session with the current target
+         * This method can be called multiple times.
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        begin: function(target, next) {
+            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#begin()", "target:", target.display);
+            const self = this;
+            this.target = target || this.target;
+
+            if (this.target.conn && (this.target.conn.indexOf('ssh') === -1)) {
+                setImmediate(next, null, this);
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            if (this.target.privateKey === undefined && this.target.password === undefined) {
+                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("NOT_EXIST_SSHKEY_PASSWD"));
+            }
+
+            if (!this.ssh) {
+                this.forwardedPorts = [];
+                this.ssh = new Ssh2.Client();
+                this.ssh.on('connect', function() {
+                    log.info("novacom#Session()#begin()", "ssh session event: connected");
+                });
+                this.ssh.on('ready', _next.bind(this));
+                this.ssh.on('error', _next.bind(this));
+                this.ssh.on('end', function() {
+                    log.info("novacom#Session()#begin()", "ssh session event: end");
+                });
+                this.ssh.on('close', function(had_error) {
+                    log.info("novacom#Session()#begin()", "ssh session event: close (had_error:", had_error, ")");
+                });
+                this.target.readyTimeout = 30000;
+                //Explicit overrides for the default transport layer algorithms used for the connection.
+                this.target.algorithms = {
+                    "kex": [
+                        "diffie-hellman-group1-sha1",
+                        "ecdh-sha2-nistp256",
+                        "ecdh-sha2-nistp384",
+                        "ecdh-sha2-nistp521",
+                        "diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256",
+                        "diffie-hellman-group14-sha1"
+                      ],
+                }
+                this.ssh.connect(this.target);
+
+                process.on("SIGHUP", _clearSession);
+                process.on("SIGINT", _clearSession);
+                process.on("SIGQUIT", _clearSession);
+                process.on("SIGTERM", _clearSession);
+                process.on("exit", function() {
+                    _clearSession();
+                });
+                // Node.js cannot handle SIGKILL, SIGSTOP
+                // process.on("SIGKILL", _clearSession);
+                // process.on("SIGSTOP", _clearSession);
+            }
+            return this;
+
+            function _next(err) {
+                if (err) {
+                    const errorMessages = errHndl.getErrMsg(err);
+                    if (Array.isArray(errorMessages) && errorMessages.length > 0) {
+                        for (const index in errorMessages) {
+                            log.error(
+                                        "novacom#Session()#begin() " + errorMessages[index].heading,
+                                        errorMessages[index].message
+                                    );
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (this.errorImmediate) clearImmediate(this.errorImmediate);
+                    this.errorImmediate = setImmediate(next, errorMessages, this);
+                } else setImmediate(next, null, this);
+            }
+
+            function _clearSession() {
+                log.verbose("novacom#Session()#begin()", "clear Session");
+                self.end();
+                setTimeout(function() {
+                    process.exit();
+                }, 500);
+            }
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @return the resolved device actually in use for this session
+         */
+        getDevice: function() {
+            return this.target;
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Suspend the novacom session.  Underlying resources
+         * are released (eg. SSH connections are closed).
+         */
+        end: function() {
+            log.info('novacom#Session()#end()', "user-requested termination");
+            if (this.ssh) {
+                this.ssh.end();
+            }
+            return this;
+        },
+
+        _checkSftp: function(next) {
+            // FIXME: This is workaround to prevent hang from ssh2.sftp()
+            //       - issue in ssh2: https://github.com/mscdex/ssh2/issues/240
+            //       This way only works with ssh2@0.2.x, not working with ssh2@0.4.x, ssh2@0.3.x.
+            const self = this;
+            self.ssh.subsys('sftp', function(err, _stream) {
+                if (err) {
+                    return setImmediate(next, err);
+                }
+
+                _stream.once('data', function(data) {
+                    const regex = new RegExp("sftp-server(.| )+not found", "gi");
+                    if (data.toString().match(regex)) {
+                        const sftpError = errHndl.getErrMsg("UNABLE_USE_SFTP");
+                        sftpError.code = 4;
+                        return setImmediate(next, sftpError);
+                    }
+                });
+            });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Upload a file on the device
+         * @param {String} inPath location on the host
+         * @param {String} outPath location on the device
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        put: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Session()#put()", "uploding into device:", outPath, "from host:", inPath);
+            const self = this;
+            let inStream;
+
+            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#put()", "sftpPut()::start");
+            self.sftpPut(inPath, outPath, function(err) {
+                if (err) {
+                    log.verbose(err);
+                    if (4 === err.code || 127 === err.code) {
+                        log.info("novacom#Session()#put()", "sftp is not available, attempt transfering file via streamPut");
+                        inStream = fs.createReadStream(inPath);
+                        self.streamPut(outPath, inStream, next);
+                    } else if (14 === err.code) {
+                        const detailMsg = errHndl.getErrMsg("NO_FREE_SPACE");
+                        setImmediate(next, detailMsg);
+                    } else {
+                        setImmediate(next, err);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    log.info("novacom#Session()#put()", "sftpPut()::done");
+                    setImmediate(next);
+                }
+            });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Upload a file on the device via ssh stream
+         * @param {String} outPath location on the device
+         * @param {ReadableStream} inStream paused host-side source
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        streamPut: function(outPath, inStream, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Session()#streamPut()", "streaming into device:" + outPath);
+            const cmd = '/bin/cat > "' + outPath + '"';
+            this.run(cmd, inStream /* stdin*/ , null /* stdout*/ , process.stderr /* stderr*/ , next);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Upload a file on the device via sftp
+         * @param {String} inPath location on the host
+         * @param {String} outPath location on the device
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        sftpPut: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
+            log.verbose('novacom#Session()#sftpPut()', 'host:' + inPath + ' => ' + 'device:' + outPath);
+            const self = this;
+            self._checkSftp(next);
+
+            async.series({
+                transfer: function(next) {
+                    self.ssh.sftp(function(err, sftp) {
+                        if (err) {
+                            return setImmediate(next, err);
+                        }
+
+                        const readStream = fs.createReadStream(inPath),
+                            writeStream = sftp.createWriteStream(outPath);
+
+                        writeStream.on('close', function() {
+                            sftp.end();
+                            setImmediate(next);
+                        });
+
+                        // Exit when the remote process has terminated
+                        writeStream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
+                            err = makeExecError('sftpPut', code, signal);
+                            setImmediate(next, err);
+                        });
+
+                        writeStream.on('error', function(error) {
+                            log.verbose('novacom#Session()#sftpPut()', "error:", error);
+                            setImmediate(next, error);
+                        });
+
+                        readStream.pipe(writeStream);
+                    });
+                }
+            }, function(err) {
+                setImmediate(next, err);
+            });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Download file on the device
+         * @param {String} inPath location on the device
+         * @param {String} outPath location on the host
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        get: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
+            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#get()", "downloading into host:", outPath, "from target:", inPath);
+            const self = this;
+
+            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#get()", "sftpGet()::start");
+            self.sftpGet(inPath, outPath, function(err) {
+                if (err) {
+                    log.verbose(err);
+                    if (4 === err.code || 127 === err.code) {
+                        log.info("novacom#Session()#get()", "sftp is not available, attempt transfering file via streamPut");
+                        const os = fs.createWriteStream(outPath);
+                        os.on('error', function(error) {
+                            setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg(error));
+                        });
+                        self.streamGet(inPath, os, next);
+                    } else {
+                        setImmediate(next, err);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#get()", "sftpGet()::done");
+                    setImmediate(next);
+                }
+            });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Read a file from the device via ssh stream
+         * @param {String} inPath the device file path to be read
+         * @param {WritableStream} outStream host-side destination to copy the file into
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        streamGet: function(inPath, outStream, next) {
+            log.verbose('novacom#Session()#streamGet()', "streaming from device:" + inPath);
+            const cmd = '/bin/cat ' + inPath;
+            this.run(cmd, null /* stdin*/ , outStream /* stdout*/ , process.stderr /* stderr*/ , next);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Download file on the device via sftp
+         * @param {String} inPath location on the device
+         * @param {String} outPath location on the host
+         * @param {Function} next common-js callback
+         */
+        sftpGet: function(inPath, outPath, next) {
+            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#sftpGet()", "target:" + inPath + " => " + "host:" + outPath);
+            const self = this;
+            self._checkSftp(next);
+            async.series({
+                transfer: function(next) {
+                    self.ssh.sftp(function(err, sftp) {
+                        if (err) {
+                            setImmediate(next, err);
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        const readStream = sftp.createReadStream(inPath),
+                            writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(outPath);
+
+                        readStream.on('close', function() {
+                            sftp.end();
+                            setImmediate(next);
+                        });
+
+                        // Exit when the remote process has terminated
+                        readStream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
+                            err = makeExecError('sftpGet', code, signal);
+                            setImmediate(next, err);
+                        });
+
+                        readStream.on('error', function(error) {
+                            log.verbose("novacom#Session()#sftpGet()", "error:", error);
+                            setImmediate(next, error);
+                        });
+
+                        readStream.pipe(writeStream);
+                    });
+                }
+            }, function(err) {
+                setImmediate(next, err);
+            });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Run a command on the device
+         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
+         * @param {stream.ReadableStream} stdin given as novacom process stdin
+         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stdout given as novacom process stdout
+         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stderr given as novacom process stderr
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        run: function(cmd, stdin, stdout, stderr, next) {
+            this.run_ssh(cmd, {}, stdin, stdout, stderr, next);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Run a command with exec option on the device
+         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
+         * @param {Object} opt given as exec option
+         * @param {stream.ReadableStream} stdin given as novacom process stdin
+         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stdout given as novacom process stdout
+         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stderr given as novacom process stderr
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        runWithOption: function(cmd, opt, stdin, stdout, stderr, next) {
+            this.run_ssh(cmd, opt, stdin, stdout, stderr, next);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Run a command on the device
+         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
+         * @param {Object} opt given as exec option
+         * @param {stream.ReadableStream} stdin given as novacom process stdin
+         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stdout given as novacom process stdout
+         * @param {stream.WritableStream} stderr given as novacom process stderr
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        run_ssh: function(cmd, opt, stdin, stdout, stderr, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Session()#run()", "cmd:" + cmd + ", opt:" + JSON.stringify(opt));
+            if (typeof next !== 'function') {
+                throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next", util.inspect(next));
+            }
+
+            // plumb output
+            const write = {},
+                obj = {};
+                let orgErrMsg;
+
+            if (!stdout) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stdout: none");
+                write.stdout = function() {};
+            } else if (stdout instanceof stream.Stream) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stdout: stream");
+                write.stdout = stdout.write;
+                obj.stdout = stdout;
+            } else if (stdout instanceof Function) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stdout: function");
+                write.stdout = stdout;
+            } else {
+                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_VALUE", "stdout", util.inspect(stdout)));
+            }
+
+            if (!stderr) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stderr: none");
+                write.stderr = function() {};
+            } else if (stderr instanceof stream.Stream) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stderr: stream");
+                write.stderr = stderr.write;
+                obj.stderr = stderr;
+            } else if (stderr instanceof Function) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "stderr: function");
+                write.stderr = stderr;
+            } else {
+                return setImmediate(next, errHndl.getErrMsg("INVALID_VALUE", "stderr", util.inspect(stderr)));
+            }
+
+            // execute command
+            this.ssh.exec(cmd, opt, (function(err, chStream) {
+                log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "exec cmd:" + cmd + ", opt:" + JSON.stringify(opt) + ", err:" + err);
+                if (err) {
+                    return setImmediate(next, err);
+                }
+
+                // manual pipe(): handle & divert data chunks
+                chStream.on('data', function(data, extended) {
+                    extended = extended || 'stdout';
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "on data (" + extended + ")");
+                    write[extended].bind(obj[extended])(data);
+                }).stderr.on('data', function(data) {
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "on data (stderr)");
+                    orgErrMsg = data.toString();
+                });
+
+                // manual pipe(): handle EOF
+                chStream.on('end', function() {
+                    log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "event EOF from (cmd:" + cmd + ")");
+                    if ((stdout !== process.stdout) && (stdout instanceof stream.Stream)) {
+                        stdout.end();
+                    }
+                    if ((stderr !== process.stderr) && (stderr instanceof stream.Stream)) {
+                        stderr.end();
+                    }
+                });
+
+                // Exit when the remote process has terminated
+                chStream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
+                    log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "event exit code:" + code + ', signal:' + signal + " (cmd:" + cmd + ")");
+                    err = makeExecError(cmd, code, signal, orgErrMsg);
+                    setImmediate(next, err);
+                });
+
+                // Exit if the 'exit' event was not
+                // received (dropbear <= 0.51)
+                chStream.on('close', function() {
+                    log.silly("novacom#Session()#run()", "event close (cmd:" + cmd + ")");
+                    if (err === undefined) {
+                       setImmediate(next);
+                    }
+                });
+
+                if (stdin) {
+                    stdin.pipe(chStream);
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "resuming input");
+                }
+            }));
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Run a command on the device considerless return stdout
+         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
+         * @param {Function} callback invoked upon exit event
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        runNoHangup: function(cmd, cbData, cbExit, next) {
+            this.runNoHangup_ssh(cmd, cbData, cbExit, next);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Run a command on the device considerless return stdout
+         * @param {String} cmd the device command to run
+         * @param {Function} callback invoked upon exit event
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        runNoHangup_ssh: function(cmd, cbData, cbExit, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()", "cmd=" + cmd);
+            if (arguments.length < 2) {
+                throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next");
+            }
+
+            for (const arg in arguments) {
+                if (typeof arguments[arg] === 'undefined') {
+                    delete arguments[arg];
+                    arguments.length--;
+                }
+            }
+
+            switch (arguments.length) {
+                case 2:
+                    next = cbData;
+                    cbData = cbExit = null;
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    next = cbExit;
+                    cbExit = cbData;
+                    cbData = null;
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+
+            if (typeof next !== 'function') {
+                throw errHndl.getErrMsg("MISSING_CALLBACK", "next", util.inspect(next));
+            }
+
+            // execute command
+            this.ssh.exec(cmd, (function(err, _stream) {
+                log.verbose("novacom#Session()#run()", "exec cmd:" + cmd + ", err:" + err);
+                if (err) {
+                    return setImmediate(next, err);
+                }
+
+                _stream.on('data', function(data) {
+                    const str = (Buffer.isBuffer(data)) ? data.toString() : data;
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()#onData", str);
+                    if (cbData) cbData(data);
+                }).stderr.on('data', function(data) {
+                    const str = (Buffer.isBuffer(data)) ? data.toString() : data;
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()#onData#stderr#", str);
+                    if (cbData) cbData(data);
+                });
+
+                // Exit when the remote process has terminated
+                if (cbExit) {
+                    _stream.on('exit', function(code, signal) {
+                        log.verbose("novacom#Session()#runNoHangup()", "event exit code=" + code + ', signal=' + signal + " (cmd: " + cmd + ")");
+                        err = makeExecError(cmd, code, signal);
+                        cbExit(err);
+                    });
+                }
+                setImmediate(next);
+            }));
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * Forward the given device port on the host.
+         * As any other public method, this one can be called
+         * only once the ssh session has emitted the 'ready'
+         * event, so as part of the Session()#next callback.
+         * @public
+         * @param {Function} next commonJS callback invoked upon completion or failure
+         */
+        forward: function(devicePort, localPort, forwardName, next) {
+            log.info("novacom#Session()#forward()", "devicePort:", devicePort, ", localPort:", localPort);
+            const session = this;
+            let forwardInUse = false,
+                registerName = null;
+
+            if (typeof forwardName === 'function') {
+                next = forwardName;
+            } else if (forwardName) {
+                    registerName = forwardName;
+            }
+
+            if (localPort !== 0) {
+                if (session.forwardedPorts.indexOf({
+                        name: registerName,
+                        local: localPort,
+                        device: devicePort
+                    }) > 0) {
+                    forwardInUse = true;
+                }
+            } else if (session.forwardedPorts.filter(function(forwardItem) {
+                        return (forwardItem.device === devicePort && forwardItem.name === registerName);
+                    }).length > 0) {
+                    forwardInUse = true;
+            }
+
+            if (forwardInUse) {
+                return setImmediate(next);
+            }
+
+            const localServer = net.createServer(function(inCnx) {
+                log.info("novacom#Session()#forward()", "new client, localPort:", localPort);
+                log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "new client, from: " + inCnx.remoteAddress + ':' + inCnx.remotePort);
+
+                inCnx.on('error', function(err) {
+                    log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "inCnx::error, err::" + err);
+                });
+
+                // Open the outbound connection on the device to match the incoming client.
+                session.ssh.forwardOut("127.0.0.1" /* srcAddr*/ , inCnx.remotePort /* srcPort*/ , "127.0.0.1" /* dstAddr*/ , devicePort /* dstPort*/ , function(err, outCnx) {
+                    if (err) {
+                        console.log("novacom#Session()#forward()", "failed forwarding client localPort:",
+                                    localPort, "(inCnx.remotePort:", inCnx.remotePort, ")=> devicePort:", devicePort);
+                        log.warn("novacom#Session()#forward()", "failed forwarding client localPort:",
+                                localPort, "=> devicePort:", devicePort);
+                        inCnx.destroy();
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    log.info("novacom#Session()#forward()", "connected, devicePort:", devicePort);
+                    inCnx.on('data', function(data) {
+                        if (outCnx.writable && outCnx.writable === true) {
+                            if (outCnx.write(data) === false) {
+                                inCnx.pause();
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+
+                    inCnx.on('close', function(had_err) {
+                        log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "inCnx::close, had_err:", had_err);
+                        outCnx.destroy();
+                    });
+
+                    outCnx.on('drain', function() {
+                        inCnx.resume();
+                    });
+
+                    outCnx.on('data', function(data) {
+                        inCnx.write(data);
+                    });
+
+                    outCnx.on('close', function(had_err) {
+                        log.verbose("novacom#Session()#forward()", "outCnx::close, had_err:", had_err);
+                    });
+                });
+            });
+
+            session.ssh.on('close', function() {
+                localServer.close();
+            });
+
+            try {
+                localServer.listen(localPort, null, (function() {
+                    const localServerPort = localServer.address().port;
+                    session.forwardedPorts.push({
+                        name: registerName,
+                        local: localServerPort,
+                        device: devicePort
+                    });
+                    setImmediate(next);
+                }));
+            } catch (err) {
+                setImmediate(next, err);
+            }
+        },
+
+        getLocalPortByName: function(queryName) {
+            const session = this;
+            let found = null;
+            session.forwardedPorts.forEach(function(portItem) {
+                if (portItem.name === queryName) {
+                    found = portItem.local;
+                    return;
+                }
+            });
+            return found;
+        },
+
+        runHostedAppServer: function(url, next) {
+            server.runServer(url, 0, function(err, serverInfo) {
+                if (serverInfo && serverInfo.port) {
+                    this.setHostedAppServerPort(serverInfo.port);
+                }
+                next(err);
+            }.bind(this));
+        },
+
+        setHostedAppServerPort: function(port) {
+            this.hostedAppServerPort = port;
+        },
+
+        getHostedAppServerPort: function() {
+            return this.hostedAppServerPort;
+        }
+    };
+
+    if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
+        module.exports = novacom;
+    }
+}());