@warlock.js/cascade 4.0.174 → 4.1.1

package/esm/writer/database-writer.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+import { getModelUpdatedEvent } from "../sync/model-events.mjs";
+import { DatabaseWriterValidationError } from "../validation/database-writer-validation-error.mjs";
+import "../validation/index.mjs";
+import events from "@mongez/events";
+import { getSealConfig, v } from "@warlock.js/seal";
+
+//#region ../../@warlock.js/cascade/src/writer/database-writer.ts
+/**
+* Database writer service that orchestrates model persistence.
+*
+* Handles the complete save pipeline:
+* 1. Check for changes (skip if no changes and not new)
+* 2. Emit `saving` event (for data enrichment)
+* 3. Emit `validating` event
+* 4. Validate and cast data via @warlock.js/seal schema
+* 5. Emit `validated` event
+* 6. Generate ID (for new NoSQL records)
+* 7. Emit `creating`/`updating` events
+* 8. Execute insert or update via driver
+* 9. Merge returned data into model
+* 10. Reset dirty tracker and update `isNew` flag
+* 11. Emit `saved` and `created`/`updated` events
+*
+* @example
+* ```typescript
+* const user = new User({ name: "Alice", email: "alice@example.com" });
+* const writer = new DatabaseWriter(user);
+* await writer.save();
+*
+* console.log(user.get("id")); // 1 (auto-generated)
+* console.log(user.get("_id")); // ObjectId("...")
+*
+* // Update existing record
+* user.set("name", "Alice Smith");
+* await writer.save();
+* // Only updates the "name" field (partial update)
+*
+* // Silent save (no events)
+* await writer.save({ skipEvents: true });
+* ```
+*/
+var DatabaseWriter = class {
+	/** The model instance being persisted */
+	model;
+	/** Model constructor reference */
+	ctor;
+	/** Data source containing driver and ID generator */
+	dataSource;
+	/** Database driver for executing queries */
+	driver;
+	/** Table/collection name */
+	table;
+	/** Primary key field name */
+	primaryKey;
+	/** Validation schema (if defined) */
+	schema;
+	/** Strict mode configuration */
+	strictMode;
+	/**
+	* Create a new writer instance for a model.
+	*
+	* @param model - The model instance to persist
+	*
+	* @example
+	* ```typescript
+	* const user = new User({ name: "Alice" });
+	* const writer = new DatabaseWriter(user);
+	* await writer.save();
+	* ```
+	*/
+	constructor(model) {
+		this.model = model;
+		this.ctor = model.constructor;
+		this.dataSource = this.ctor.getDataSource();
+		this.driver = this.dataSource.driver;
+		this.table = this.ctor.table;
+		this.primaryKey = this.ctor.primaryKey;
+		this.schema = this.ctor.schema;
+		this.strictMode = this.ctor.strictMode;
+	}
+	/**
+	* Save the model instance to the database.
+	*
+	* @param options - Save options
+	* @returns Result with success status, document, and metadata
+	* @throws {ValidationError} If validation fails
+	*/
+	async save(options = {}) {
+		const isInsert = this.model.isNew;
+		if (!isInsert && !this.model.hasChanges()) return {
+			success: true,
+			document: this.model.data,
+			isNew: false,
+			modifiedCount: 0
+		};
+		if (!options.skipEvents) await this.model.emitEvent("saving", {
+			isInsert,
+			options,
+			mode: isInsert ? "insert" : "update"
+		});
+		await this.validateAndCast(isInsert, options);
+		let result;
+		if (isInsert) result = await this.performInsert(options);
+		else result = await this.performUpdate(options);
+		const changedFields = isInsert ? [] : this.model.getDirtyColumns();
+		this.model.dirtyTracker.reset();
+		this.model.isNew = false;
+		if (!options.skipEvents) {
+			await this.model.emitEvent("saved");
+			await this.model.emitEvent(isInsert ? "created" : "updated");
+		}
+		if (!options.skipSync && !isInsert) this.triggerSync(changedFields);
+		return {
+			success: true,
+			document: this.model.data,
+			isNew: isInsert,
+			modifiedCount: isInsert ? void 0 : result.modifiedCount
+		};
+	}
+	/**
+	* Validate and cast model data using the schema.
+	*
+	* Updates the model's data in-place with validated/casted values.
+	*
+	* @param isInsert - Whether this is an insert operation
+	* @param options - Save options
+	* @throws {ValidationError} If validation fails
+	* @private
+	*/
+	async validateAndCast(isInsert, options) {
+		if (!options.skipEvents) await this.model.emitEvent("validating", {
+			isInsert,
+			options,
+			mode: isInsert ? "insert" : "update"
+		});
+		if (options.skipValidation || !this.schema) return;
+		const validationSchema = isInsert ? this.schema.clone() : this.schema.clone(Object.keys(this.model.data)).extend({
+			id: v.scalar().optional(),
+			_id: v.any().optional(),
+			[this.ctor.createdAtColumn]: v.date().optional(),
+			[this.ctor.updatedAtColumn]: v.date().optional()
+		});
+		if (this.strictMode === "strip") validationSchema.stripUnknown();
+		else if (this.strictMode === "fail") validationSchema.allowUnknown(false);
+		else if (this.strictMode === "allow") validationSchema.allowUnknown(true);
+		const result = await v.validate(validationSchema, this.model.data, {
+			context: { model: this.model },
+			...getSealConfig()
+		});
+		if (!result.isValid) {
+			console.trace(result.errors);
+			const error = new DatabaseWriterValidationError(`[${this.model.constructor.name} Model] ${isInsert ? "Insert" : "Update"} Validation failed`, result.errors);
+			if (!options.skipEvents) await this.model.emitEvent("validated", {
+				result,
+				error
+			});
+			throw error;
+		}
+		this.model.replaceData(result.data);
+		if (!options.skipEvents) await this.model.emitEvent("validated", { result });
+	}
+	/**
+	* Perform an insert operation.
+	*
+	* @param options - Save options
+	* @returns Insert result
+	* @private
+	*/
+	async performInsert(options) {
+		await this.generateNextId();
+		const dataToInsert = this.model.data;
+		const createdAtColumn = this.ctor.createdAtColumn;
+		if (createdAtColumn) dataToInsert[createdAtColumn] = /* @__PURE__ */ new Date();
+		const updatedAtColumn = this.ctor.updatedAtColumn;
+		if (updatedAtColumn) dataToInsert[updatedAtColumn] = /* @__PURE__ */ new Date();
+		if (!options.skipEvents) await this.model.emitEvent("creating");
+		const result = await this.driver.insert(this.table, dataToInsert);
+		this.model.merge(result.document);
+		this.model.dirtyTracker.reset();
+		return result;
+	}
+	/**
+	* Perform an update operation.
+	*
+	* @param options - Save options
+	* @returns Update result
+	* @private
+	*/
+	async performUpdate(options) {
+		if (!options.skipEvents) await this.model.emitEvent("updating");
+		const updatedAtColumn = this.ctor.updatedAtColumn;
+		if (updatedAtColumn) this.model.set(updatedAtColumn, /* @__PURE__ */ new Date());
+		if (options.replace) {
+			const document = await this.driver.replace(this.table, { [this.primaryKey]: this.model.get(this.primaryKey) }, this.model.data);
+			if (document) this.model.replaceData(document);
+			return { modifiedCount: document ? 1 : 0 };
+		}
+		const operations = this.buildUpdateOperations();
+		const filter = { [this.primaryKey]: this.model.get(this.primaryKey) };
+		return await this.driver.update(this.table, filter, operations);
+	}
+	/**
+	* Generate ID for the model if auto-generation is enabled.
+	*
+	* @private
+	*/
+	async generateNextId() {
+		if (!this.ctor.autoGenerateId || this.model.get("id")) return;
+		const idGenerator = this.dataSource.idGenerator;
+		if (!idGenerator) return;
+		const initialId = this.resolveInitialId();
+		const incrementIdBy = this.resolveIncrementBy();
+		const id = await idGenerator.generateNextId({
+			table: this.table,
+			initialId,
+			incrementIdBy
+		});
+		this.model.set("id", id);
+	}
+	/**
+	* Build update operations from the model's dirty tracker.
+	*
+	* Handles both modified fields ($set) and removed fields ($unset).
+	*
+	* @returns Update operations for the driver
+	* @private
+	*
+	* @example
+	* ```typescript
+	* // Model with changes
+	* user.set("name", "Alice");
+	* user.unset("tempField");
+	*
+	* const operations = this.buildUpdateOperations();
+	* // {
+	* //   $set: { name: "Alice" },
+	* //   $unset: { tempField: 1 }
+	* // }
+	* ```
+	*/
+	buildUpdateOperations() {
+		const operations = {};
+		const dirtyColumns = this.model.getDirtyColumns();
+		if (dirtyColumns.length > 0) {
+			operations.$set = {};
+			for (const column of dirtyColumns) {
+				if (this.model.get(column) === void 0) continue;
+				operations.$set[column] = this.model.get(column);
+			}
+		}
+		const removedColumns = this.model.getRemovedColumns();
+		if (removedColumns.length > 0) {
+			operations.$unset = {};
+			for (const column of removedColumns) operations.$unset[column] = 1;
+		}
+		return operations;
+	}
+	/**
+	* Resolve the initial ID from model configuration.
+	*
+	* Priority:
+	* 1. Model.initialId (explicit value)
+	* 2. Model.randomInitialId (random or function)
+	* 3. Default: 1
+	*
+	* @returns The initial ID value
+	* @private
+	*/
+	resolveInitialId() {
+		if (this.ctor.initialId) return this.ctor.initialId;
+		if (this.ctor.randomInitialId) return typeof this.ctor.randomInitialId === "function" ? this.ctor.randomInitialId() : this.randomInt(1e4, 499999);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	/**
+	* Resolve the increment value from model configuration.
+	*
+	* Priority:
+	* 1. Model.incrementIdBy (explicit value)
+	* 2. Model.randomIncrement (random or function)
+	* 3. Default: 1
+	*
+	* @returns The increment value
+	* @private
+	*/
+	resolveIncrementBy() {
+		if (this.ctor.incrementIdBy) return this.ctor.incrementIdBy;
+		if (this.ctor.randomIncrement) return typeof this.ctor.randomIncrement === "function" ? this.ctor.randomIncrement() : this.randomInt(1, 10);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	/**
+	* Generate a random integer between min and max (inclusive).
+	*
+	* @param min - Minimum value
+	* @param max - Maximum value
+	* @returns Random integer
+	* @private
+	*/
+	randomInt(min, max) {
+		return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
+	}
+	/**
+	* Trigger sync operations after successful save.
+	*
+	* Emits a model.updated event that ModelSyncOperation listens to.
+	* The sync is handled by registered sync operations, not directly here.
+	*
+	* @param changedFields - Fields that were changed (for filtering)
+	* @private
+	*/
+	async triggerSync(changedFields) {
+		await events.triggerAll(getModelUpdatedEvent(this.ctor), this.model, changedFields);
+	}
+};
+
+//#endregion
+export { DatabaseWriter };
+//# sourceMappingURL=database-writer.mjs.map

package/esm/writer/database-writer.mjs.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"database-writer.mjs","names":[],"sources":["../../../../../../@warlock.js/cascade/src/writer/database-writer.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import events from \"@mongez/events\";\r\nimport { getSealConfig, v, type ObjectValidator } from \"@warlock.js/seal\";\r\nimport type {\r\n  DriverContract,\r\n  InsertResult,\r\n  UpdateOperations,\r\n  UpdateResult,\r\n} from \"../contracts/database-driver.contract\";\r\nimport type {\r\n  WriterContract,\r\n  WriterOptions,\r\n  WriterResult,\r\n} from \"../contracts/database-writer.contract\";\r\nimport type { ChildModel, Model } from \"../model/model\";\r\nimport { getModelUpdatedEvent } from \"../sync/model-events\";\r\nimport type { StrictMode } from \"../types\";\r\nimport { DatabaseWriterValidationError } from \"../validation\";\r\nimport type { DataSource } from \"./../data-source/data-source\";\r\n\r\n/**\r\n * Database writer service that orchestrates model persistence.\r\n *\r\n * Handles the complete save pipeline:\r\n * 1. Check for changes (skip if no changes and not new)\r\n * 2. Emit `saving` event (for data enrichment)\r\n * 3. Emit `validating` event\r\n * 4. Validate and cast data via @warlock.js/seal schema\r\n * 5. Emit `validated` event\r\n * 6. Generate ID (for new NoSQL records)\r\n * 7. Emit `creating`/`updating` events\r\n * 8. Execute insert or update via driver\r\n * 9. Merge returned data into model\r\n * 10. Reset dirty tracker and update `isNew` flag\r\n * 11. Emit `saved` and `created`/`updated` events\r\n *\r\n * @example\r\n * ```typescript\r\n * const user = new User({ name: \"Alice\", email: \"alice@example.com\" });\r\n * const writer = new DatabaseWriter(user);\r\n * await writer.save();\r\n *\r\n * console.log(user.get(\"id\")); // 1 (auto-generated)\r\n * console.log(user.get(\"_id\")); // ObjectId(\"...\")\r\n *\r\n * // Update existing record\r\n * user.set(\"name\", \"Alice Smith\");\r\n * await writer.save();\r\n * // Only updates the \"name\" field (partial update)\r\n *\r\n * // Silent save (no events)\r\n * await writer.save({ skipEvents: true });\r\n * ```\r\n */\r\nexport class DatabaseWriter implements WriterContract {\r\n  /** The model instance being persisted */\r\n  private readonly model: Model;\r\n\r\n  /** Model constructor reference */\r\n  private readonly ctor: ChildModel<Model>;\r\n\r\n  /** Data source containing driver and ID generator */\r\n  private readonly dataSource: DataSource;\r\n\r\n  /** Database driver for executing queries */\r\n  private readonly driver: DriverContract;\r\n\r\n  /** Table/collection name */\r\n  private readonly table: string;\r\n\r\n  /** Primary key field name */\r\n  private readonly primaryKey: string;\r\n\r\n  /** Validation schema (if defined) */\r\n  private readonly schema?: ObjectValidator;\r\n\r\n  /** Strict mode configuration */\r\n  private readonly strictMode: StrictMode;\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Create a new writer instance for a model.\r\n   *\r\n   * @param model - The model instance to persist\r\n   *\r\n   * @example\r\n   * ```typescript\r\n   * const user = new User({ name: \"Alice\" });\r\n   * const writer = new DatabaseWriter(user);\r\n   * await writer.save();\r\n   * ```\r\n   */\r\n  public constructor(model: Model) {\r\n    this.model = model;\r\n    this.ctor = model.constructor as ChildModel<Model>;\r\n    this.dataSource = this.ctor.getDataSource();\r\n    this.driver = this.dataSource.driver;\r\n    this.table = this.ctor.table;\r\n    this.primaryKey = this.ctor.primaryKey;\r\n    this.schema = this.ctor.schema;\r\n    this.strictMode = this.ctor.strictMode;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Save the model instance to the database.\r\n   *\r\n   * @param options - Save options\r\n   * @returns Result with success status, document, and metadata\r\n   * @throws {ValidationError} If validation fails\r\n   */\r\n  public async save(options: WriterOptions = {}): Promise<WriterResult> {\r\n    const isInsert = this.model.isNew;\r\n\r\n    // 1. Check if model has changes (skip if no changes and not new)\r\n    if (!isInsert && !this.model.hasChanges()) {\r\n      return {\r\n        success: true,\r\n        document: this.model.data,\r\n        isNew: false,\r\n        modifiedCount: 0,\r\n      };\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // 2. Emit saving event (before validation for data enrichment)\r\n    if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(\"saving\", {\r\n        isInsert,\r\n        options,\r\n        mode: isInsert ? \"insert\" : \"update\",\r\n      });\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // 3. Validate and cast data\r\n    await this.validateAndCast(isInsert, options);\r\n\r\n    // 4. Execute insert or update\r\n    let result: InsertResult | UpdateResult;\r\n\r\n    if (isInsert) {\r\n      result = await this.performInsert(options);\r\n    } else {\r\n      result = await this.performUpdate(options);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // 5. Reset dirty tracker and update isNew flag\r\n    const changedFields = isInsert ? [] : this.model.getDirtyColumns();\r\n    this.model.dirtyTracker.reset();\r\n    this.model.isNew = false;\r\n\r\n    // 6. Emit post-save events\r\n    if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(\"saved\");\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(isInsert ? \"created\" : \"updated\");\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // 7. Trigger sync operations (fire-and-forget, non-blocking)\r\n    if (!options.skipSync && !isInsert) {\r\n      void this.triggerSync(changedFields);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    return {\r\n      success: true,\r\n      document: this.model.data,\r\n      isNew: isInsert,\r\n      modifiedCount: isInsert ? undefined : (result as UpdateResult).modifiedCount,\r\n    };\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Validate and cast model data using the schema.\r\n   *\r\n   * Updates the model's data in-place with validated/casted values.\r\n   *\r\n   * @param isInsert - Whether this is an insert operation\r\n   * @param options - Save options\r\n   * @throws {ValidationError} If validation fails\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  private async validateAndCast(isInsert: boolean, options: WriterOptions): Promise<void> {\r\n    // Emit validating event\r\n    if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(\"validating\", {\r\n        isInsert,\r\n        options,\r\n        mode: isInsert ? \"insert\" : \"update\",\r\n      });\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Skip validation if requested or no schema defined\r\n    if (options.skipValidation || !this.schema) {\r\n      return;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Clone schema for partial data (updates only)\r\n    const validationSchema = isInsert\r\n      ? this.schema.clone()\r\n      : this.schema.clone(Object.keys(this.model.data)).extend({\r\n          id: v.scalar().optional(),\r\n          _id: v.any().optional(),\r\n          [this.ctor.createdAtColumn as string]: v.date().optional(),\r\n          [this.ctor.updatedAtColumn as string]: v.date().optional(),\r\n        });\r\n\r\n    // Apply strict mode\r\n    if (this.strictMode === \"strip\") {\r\n      validationSchema.stripUnknown();\r\n    } else if (this.strictMode === \"fail\") {\r\n      validationSchema.allowUnknown(false);\r\n    } else if (this.strictMode === \"allow\") {\r\n      validationSchema.allowUnknown(true);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Run validation\r\n    const result = await v.validate(validationSchema, this.model.data, {\r\n      context: {\r\n        model: this.model,\r\n      },\r\n      ...getSealConfig(),\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    if (!result.isValid) {\r\n      console.trace(result.errors);\r\n\r\n      const error = new DatabaseWriterValidationError(\r\n        `[${this.model.constructor.name} Model] ${isInsert ? \"Insert\" : \"Update\"} Validation failed`,\r\n        result.errors,\r\n      );\r\n      if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n        await this.model.emitEvent(\"validated\", { result, error });\r\n      }\r\n      throw error;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Update model data with validated/casted data\r\n    this.model.replaceData(result.data);\r\n\r\n    // Emit validated event\r\n    if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(\"validated\", { result });\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Perform an insert operation.\r\n   *\r\n   * @param options - Save options\r\n   * @returns Insert result\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  private async performInsert(options: WriterOptions): Promise<InsertResult> {\r\n    // Generate ID if needed (NoSQL only)\r\n    await this.generateNextId();\r\n\r\n    // Get data to insert (already validated and casted)\r\n    const dataToInsert = this.model.data;\r\n\r\n    // Add createdAt and updatedAt to the data (using resolved column names)\r\n    // The column names are already resolved through the hierarchy:\r\n    // Model static property > Database config > Driver defaults > undefined\r\n    const createdAtColumn = this.ctor.createdAtColumn;\r\n\r\n    if (createdAtColumn) {\r\n      dataToInsert[createdAtColumn] = new Date();\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    const updatedAtColumn = this.ctor.updatedAtColumn;\r\n    if (updatedAtColumn) {\r\n      dataToInsert[updatedAtColumn] = new Date();\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Emit creating event\r\n    if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(\"creating\");\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // INSERT: use full validated data\r\n    const result = await this.driver.insert(this.table, dataToInsert);\r\n\r\n    // Merge returned data (e.g., generated _id, timestamps)\r\n    // Note: We use merge here because the result might not include all fields\r\n    // (e.g., our generated 'id' field), and we don't want to lose them\r\n    this.model.merge(result.document as Record<string, unknown>);\r\n\r\n    // Reset dirty tracker immediately after merge to prevent\r\n    // database-generated fields (like _id) from being marked as dirty\r\n    this.model.dirtyTracker.reset();\r\n\r\n    return result;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Perform an update operation.\r\n   *\r\n   * @param options - Save options\r\n   * @returns Update result\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  private async performUpdate(options: WriterOptions): Promise<UpdateResult> {\r\n    // Emit updating event\r\n    if (!options.skipEvents) {\r\n      await this.model.emitEvent(\"updating\");\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Update the updatedAt timestamp (using resolved column name)\r\n    const updatedAtColumn = this.ctor.updatedAtColumn;\r\n    if (updatedAtColumn) {\r\n      this.model.set(updatedAtColumn, new Date());\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (options.replace) {\r\n      const document = await this.driver.replace(\r\n        this.table,\r\n        {\r\n          [this.primaryKey]: this.model.get(this.primaryKey),\r\n        },\r\n        this.model.data,\r\n      );\r\n\r\n      if (document) {\r\n        this.model.replaceData(document as Record<string, unknown>);\r\n      }\r\n\r\n      return { modifiedCount: document ? 1 : 0 };\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Build operations from dirty tracker\r\n    const operations = this.buildUpdateOperations();\r\n\r\n    // Build filter using primary key\r\n    const filter = { [this.primaryKey]: this.model.get(this.primaryKey) };\r\n\r\n    // Execute update with operations\r\n    return await this.driver.update(this.table, filter, operations);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Generate ID for the model if auto-generation is enabled.\r\n   *\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  public async generateNextId(): Promise<void> {\r\n    if (!this.ctor.autoGenerateId || this.model.get(\"id\")) {\r\n      return;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    const idGenerator = this.dataSource.idGenerator;\r\n    if (!idGenerator) {\r\n      return;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Resolve ID generation options from model configuration\r\n    const initialId = this.resolveInitialId();\r\n\r\n    const incrementIdBy = this.resolveIncrementBy();\r\n\r\n    const id = await idGenerator.generateNextId({\r\n      table: this.table,\r\n      initialId,\r\n      incrementIdBy,\r\n    });\r\n\r\n    this.model.set(\"id\", id);\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Build update operations from the model's dirty tracker.\r\n   *\r\n   * Handles both modified fields ($set) and removed fields ($unset).\r\n   *\r\n   * @returns Update operations for the driver\r\n   * @private\r\n   *\r\n   * @example\r\n   * ```typescript\r\n   * // Model with changes\r\n   * user.set(\"name\", \"Alice\");\r\n   * user.unset(\"tempField\");\r\n   *\r\n   * const operations = this.buildUpdateOperations();\r\n   * // {\r\n   * //   $set: { name: \"Alice\" },\r\n   * //   $unset: { tempField: 1 }\r\n   * // }\r\n   * ```\r\n   */\r\n  private buildUpdateOperations(): UpdateOperations {\r\n    const operations: UpdateOperations = {};\r\n\r\n    // Get dirty columns (modified fields)\r\n    const dirtyColumns = this.model.getDirtyColumns();\r\n\r\n    if (dirtyColumns.length > 0) {\r\n      operations.$set = {};\r\n      for (const column of dirtyColumns) {\r\n        const value = this.model.get(column);\r\n        if (value === undefined) continue;\r\n\r\n        operations.$set[column] = this.model.get(column);\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    // Get removed columns\r\n    const removedColumns = this.model.getRemovedColumns();\r\n    if (removedColumns.length > 0) {\r\n      operations.$unset = {};\r\n      for (const column of removedColumns) {\r\n        operations.$unset[column] = 1;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    return operations;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Resolve the initial ID from model configuration.\r\n   *\r\n   * Priority:\r\n   * 1. Model.initialId (explicit value)\r\n   * 2. Model.randomInitialId (random or function)\r\n   * 3. Default: 1\r\n   *\r\n   * @returns The initial ID value\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  private resolveInitialId(): number {\r\n    if (this.ctor.initialId) {\r\n      return this.ctor.initialId;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (this.ctor.randomInitialId) {\r\n      return typeof this.ctor.randomInitialId === \"function\"\r\n        ? this.ctor.randomInitialId()\r\n        : this.randomInt(10000, 499999);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    return 1; // Default initial ID\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Resolve the increment value from model configuration.\r\n   *\r\n   * Priority:\r\n   * 1. Model.incrementIdBy (explicit value)\r\n   * 2. Model.randomIncrement (random or function)\r\n   * 3. Default: 1\r\n   *\r\n   * @returns The increment value\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  private resolveIncrementBy(): number {\r\n    if (this.ctor.incrementIdBy) {\r\n      return this.ctor.incrementIdBy;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    if (this.ctor.randomIncrement) {\r\n      return typeof this.ctor.randomIncrement === \"function\"\r\n        ? this.ctor.randomIncrement()\r\n        : this.randomInt(1, 10);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    return 1; // Default increment\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Generate a random integer between min and max (inclusive).\r\n   *\r\n   * @param min - Minimum value\r\n   * @param max - Maximum value\r\n   * @returns Random integer\r\n   * @private\r\n   */\r\n  private randomInt(min: number, max: number): number {\r\n    return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Trigger sync operations after successful save.\r\n   *\r\n   * Emits a model.updated event that ModelSyncOperation listens to.\r\n   * The sync is handled by registered sync operations, not directly here.\r\n   *\r\n   * @param changedFields - 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