@voxgig/sdkgen-langpack 0.0.1

package/.sdk/tm/dart/lib/utility/voxgig_struct.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,2462 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Voxgig Ltd. MIT LICENSE.
+//
+// Voxgig Struct — Dart port.
+//
+// A faithful port of the canonical TypeScript implementation
+// (typescript/src/StructUtility.ts), following the same "by-example" design.
+// Like the Python, Clojure and Lua ports, Dart has a single `null`, so the
+// canonical `undefined` and JSON `null` are both represented by `null`; the
+// Group A/B rules (design/UNDEF_SPEC.md) recover the distinction where it
+// matters, and a private NOARG sentinel distinguishes "no argument supplied".
+//
+// Nodes are native Dart collections — `Map<String, dynamic>` (a LinkedHashMap,
+// insertion-ordered) and growable `List<dynamic>` — which are mutable and
+// reference-stable, exactly as the algorithm requires. The only regex used is
+// the Dart core `RegExp`. There are no third-party runtime dependencies.
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Sentinels / constants
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class _NoArg {
+  const _NoArg();
+}
+
+const _noarg = _NoArg();
+
+/// Public alias for the "no argument supplied" sentinel, used by callers (e.g.
+/// the test runner) to drive `pathify` with an *absent* value (not `null`).
+const pathifyNoArg = _noarg;
+
+class _Sentinel {
+  final String tag;
+  _Sentinel(this.tag);
+}
+
+final SKIP = _Sentinel('skip');
+final DELETE = _Sentinel('delete');
+
+const S_MKEYPRE = 'key:pre';
+const S_MKEYPOST = 'key:post';
+const S_MVAL = 'val';
+
+const M_KEYPRE = 1;
+const M_KEYPOST = 2;
+const M_VAL = 4;
+
+final Map<String, int> _MODE_TO_NUM = {
+  S_MKEYPRE: M_KEYPRE,
+  S_MKEYPOST: M_KEYPOST,
+  S_MVAL: M_VAL,
+};
+
+const MODENAME = {M_VAL: 'val', M_KEYPRE: 'key:pre', M_KEYPOST: 'key:post'};
+
+const S_DKEY = '\$KEY';
+const S_BANNO = '`\$ANNO`';
+const S_DTOP = '\$TOP';
+const S_DERRS = '\$ERRS';
+const S_DSPEC = '\$SPEC';
+const S_BEXACT = '`\$EXACT`';
+const S_BVAL = '`\$VAL`';
+const S_BKEY = '`\$KEY`';
+const S_BOPEN = '`\$OPEN`';
+
+const S_MT = '';
+const S_BT = '`';
+const S_DS = '\$';
+const S_DT = '.';
+const S_CN = ':';
+const S_KEY = 'KEY';
+const S_VIZ = ': ';
+
+const S_string = 'string';
+const S_object = 'object';
+const S_list = 'list';
+const S_map = 'map';
+const S_nil = 'nil';
+const S_null = 'null';
+
+const T_any = (1 << 31) - 1;
+const T_noval = 1 << 30;
+const T_boolean = 1 << 29;
+const T_decimal = 1 << 28;
+const T_integer = 1 << 27;
+const T_number = 1 << 26;
+const T_string = 1 << 25;
+const T_function = 1 << 24;
+const T_null = 1 << 22;
+const T_list = 1 << 14;
+const T_map = 1 << 13;
+const T_instance = 1 << 12;
+const T_scalar = 1 << 7;
+const T_node = 1 << 6;
+
+const _TYPENAME = [
+  'any',
+  'nil',
+  'boolean',
+  'decimal',
+  'integer',
+  'number',
+  'string',
+  'function',
+  'symbol',
+  'null',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  'list',
+  'map',
+  'instance',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  '',
+  'scalar',
+  'node'
+];
+
+const MAXDEPTH = 32;
+
+final _R_INJECT_FULL = RegExp(r'^`(\$[A-Z]+|[^`]*)[0-9]*`$');
+final _R_INJECT_PART = RegExp(r'`([^`]*)`');
+final _R_META_PATH = RegExp(r'^([^$]+)\$([=~])(.+)$');
+final _R_TRANSFORM_NAME = RegExp(r'`\$([A-Z]+)`');
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Low-level helpers
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+bool isSkip(dynamic v) => identical(v, SKIP);
+bool isDelete(dynamic v) => identical(v, DELETE);
+
+bool _isInteger(num n) =>
+    n is int || (n is double && n.isFinite && n == n.truncateToDouble());
+
+String numToString(num n) {
+  if (n is double) {
+    if (n.isNaN) return 'NaN';
+    if (n.isInfinite) return n > 0 ? 'Infinity' : '-Infinity';
+    if (n == n.truncateToDouble() && n.abs() < 1e16)
+      return n.toInt().toString();
+    return n.toString();
+  }
+  return n.toString();
+}
+
+String jsString(dynamic v) {
+  if (v == null) return 'null';
+  if (v is bool) return v ? 'true' : 'false';
+  if (v is num) return numToString(v);
+  if (v is String) return v;
+  if (v is List) return v.map((x) => (x == null) ? '' : jsString(x)).join(',');
+  if (v is Map) return '[object Object]';
+  if (v is Function) return 'function';
+  return v.toString();
+}
+
+String _mapKey(dynamic k) =>
+    k is String ? k : (k is num ? numToString(k) : jsString(k));
+
+int? _toInt(dynamic k) {
+  if (k is bool) return null;
+  if (k is int) return k;
+  if (k is double) return k.floor();
+  if (k is String) return int.tryParse(k.trim());
+  return null;
+}
+
+int _clz32(int n0) {
+  var n = n0 & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+  if (n == 0) return 32;
+  var r = 0;
+  while ((n & 0x80000000) == 0) {
+    r++;
+    n = (n << 1) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+  }
+  return r;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Minor utilities
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+bool isnode(dynamic v) => v is Map || v is List;
+bool ismap(dynamic v) => v is Map;
+bool islist(dynamic v) => v is List;
+bool isfunc(dynamic v) => v is Function;
+
+bool iskey(dynamic k) {
+  if (k is String) return k.isNotEmpty;
+  if (k is bool) return false;
+  if (k is num) return true;
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool isempty([dynamic v]) {
+  if (v == null) return true;
+  if (v == '') return true;
+  if (v is List) return v.isEmpty;
+  if (v is Map) return v.isEmpty;
+  return false;
+}
+
+dynamic getdef(dynamic v, dynamic alt) => v == null ? alt : v;
+
+int typify([dynamic value = _noarg]) {
+  if (identical(value, _noarg)) return T_noval;
+  if (value == null) return T_scalar | T_null;
+  if (value is bool) return T_scalar | T_boolean;
+  if (value is int) return T_scalar | T_number | T_integer;
+  if (value is double) {
+    if (value.isNaN) return T_noval;
+    if (value == value.truncateToDouble())
+      return T_scalar | T_number | T_integer;
+    return T_scalar | T_number | T_decimal;
+  }
+  if (value is num) return T_scalar | T_number | T_integer;
+  if (value is String) return T_scalar | T_string;
+  if (value is Function) return T_scalar | T_function;
+  if (value is List) return T_node | T_list;
+  if (value is Map) return T_node | T_map;
+  return T_node | T_instance;
+}
+
+String typename([int t = 0]) {
+  var i = _clz32(t);
+  return (i >= 0 && i < _TYPENAME.length) ? _TYPENAME[i] : _TYPENAME[0];
+}
+
+int size([dynamic v]) {
+  if (v is List) return v.length;
+  if (v is Map) return v.length;
+  if (v is String) return v.length;
+  if (v is bool) return v ? 1 : 0;
+  if (v is num) return v.floor();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+String strkey([dynamic key]) {
+  if (key == null) return S_MT;
+  if (key is String) return key;
+  if (key is bool) return S_MT;
+  if (key is num)
+    return _isInteger(key)
+        ? numToString(key)
+        : numToString(key.floorToDouble());
+  return S_MT;
+}
+
+List<String> keysof([dynamic v]) {
+  if (v is Map) {
+    var ks = v.keys.map((k) => k.toString()).toList();
+    ks.sort();
+    return ks;
+  }
+  if (v is List) return List.generate(v.length, (i) => i.toString());
+  return [];
+}
+
+dynamic getprop(dynamic val, dynamic key, [dynamic alt]) {
+  if (val == null || key == null) return alt;
+  dynamic out = alt;
+  if (val is Map) {
+    var sk = _mapKey(key);
+    if (val.containsKey(sk)) out = val[sk];
+  } else if (val is List) {
+    var ki = _toInt(key);
+    if (ki != null && ki >= 0 && ki < val.length) out = val[ki];
+  }
+  if (out == null) return alt;
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic _lookup(dynamic val, dynamic key) {
+  if (val == null || key == null) return null;
+  if (val is Map) {
+    var sk = _mapKey(key);
+    return val.containsKey(sk) ? val[sk] : null;
+  }
+  if (val is List) {
+    var ki = _toInt(key);
+    return (ki != null && ki >= 0 && ki < val.length) ? val[ki] : null;
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+bool haskey([dynamic val, dynamic key]) => getprop(val, key) != null;
+
+final _R_INTKEY = RegExp(r'^-?[0-9]+$');
+
+dynamic getelem(dynamic val, dynamic key, [dynamic alt]) {
+  if (val == null || key == null) return alt;
+  dynamic out;
+  if (val is List) {
+    var ks = key is String ? key : (key is num ? numToString(key) : '');
+    if (_R_INTKEY.hasMatch(ks)) {
+      var len = val.length;
+      var nk0 = int.parse(ks);
+      var nk = nk0 < 0 ? len + nk0 : nk0;
+      if (nk >= 0 && nk < len) out = val[nk];
+    }
+  }
+  if (out == null) {
+    return isfunc(alt) ? alt() : alt;
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic _getpropRaw(dynamic v, String k) {
+  if (v is Map) return v.containsKey(k) ? v[k] : null;
+  if (v is List) {
+    var i = int.tryParse(k);
+    return (i != null && i >= 0 && i < v.length) ? v[i] : null;
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+List<List<dynamic>> itemsPairs(dynamic v) {
+  if (!isnode(v)) return [];
+  return keysof(v).map((k) => [k, _getpropRaw(v, k)]).toList();
+}
+
+dynamic items([dynamic v]) =>
+    itemsPairs(v).map((p) => <dynamic>[p[0], p[1]]).toList();
+
+dynamic itemsV(dynamic v, dynamic Function(List<dynamic>) f) =>
+    itemsPairs(v).map(f).toList();
+
+dynamic flatten(dynamic l, [int depth = 1]) {
+  if (l is! List) return l;
+  var out = <dynamic>[];
+  for (var item in l) {
+    if (item is List && depth > 0) {
+      for (var x in (flatten(item, depth - 1) as List)) {
+        out.add(x);
+      }
+    } else {
+      out.add(item);
+    }
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic filter(dynamic val, bool Function(List<dynamic>) check) {
+  var out = <dynamic>[];
+  for (var p in itemsPairs(val)) {
+    if (check(p)) out.add(p[1]);
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic setprop(dynamic parent, dynamic key, dynamic val) {
+  if (!iskey(key)) return parent;
+  if (parent is Map) {
+    parent[_mapKey(key)] = val;
+  } else if (parent is List) {
+    var ki = _toInt(key is num ? key.floor() : key);
+    if (ki == null) return parent;
+    var len = parent.length;
+    if (ki >= 0) {
+      if (ki > len) ki = len;
+      if (ki >= len) {
+        parent.add(val);
+      } else {
+        parent[ki] = val;
+      }
+    } else {
+      parent.insert(0, val);
+    }
+  }
+  return parent;
+}
+
+dynamic delprop(dynamic parent, dynamic key) {
+  if (!iskey(key)) return parent;
+  if (parent is Map) {
+    parent.remove(_mapKey(key));
+  } else if (parent is List) {
+    var ki = _toInt(key);
+    if (ki != null && ki >= 0 && ki < parent.length) parent.removeAt(ki);
+  }
+  return parent;
+}
+
+dynamic clone([dynamic v]) {
+  if (v is Map) {
+    var o = <String, dynamic>{};
+    v.forEach((k, x) => o[k.toString()] = clone(x));
+    return o;
+  }
+  if (v is List) {
+    return v.map((x) => clone(x)).toList();
+  }
+  return v;
+}
+
+dynamic slice(dynamic val, [dynamic start, dynamic end, bool mutate = false]) {
+  if (val is num) {
+    num? lo = start is num ? start : null;
+    num? hi = end is num ? (end - 1) : null;
+    if (hi != null && val > hi) return hi;
+    if (lo != null && val < lo) return lo;
+    return val;
+  }
+  if (val is List || val is String) {
+    var vlen = size(val);
+    if (start == null && end != null) start = 0;
+    if (start == null) return val;
+    var s = (start as num).toInt();
+    var e = 0;
+    if (s < 0) {
+      e = vlen + s;
+      if (e < 0) e = 0;
+      s = 0;
+    } else if (end != null) {
+      e = (end as num).toInt();
+      if (e < 0) {
+        e = vlen + e;
+        if (e < 0) e = 0;
+      } else if (vlen < e) {
+        e = vlen;
+      }
+    } else {
+      e = vlen;
+    }
+    if (vlen < s) s = vlen;
+    if (s > -1 && s <= e && e <= vlen) {
+      if (val is List) {
+        if (mutate) {
+          var sub = val.sublist(s, e);
+          val
+            ..clear()
+            ..addAll(sub);
+          return val;
+        }
+        return val.sublist(s, e);
+      }
+      return (val as String).substring(s, e);
+    } else {
+      if (val is List) {
+        if (mutate) {
+          val.clear();
+          return val;
+        }
+        return <dynamic>[];
+      }
+      return S_MT;
+    }
+  }
+  return val;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Regex helpers (uniform re_* API over RegExp)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+RegExp _rx(dynamic p) =>
+    p is RegExp ? p : RegExp(p is String ? p : jsString(p));
+
+dynamic re_compile(dynamic p, [dynamic flags]) => _rx(p);
+dynamic re_test(dynamic p, dynamic input) =>
+    _rx(p).hasMatch(input is String ? input : jsString(input));
+dynamic re_find(dynamic p, dynamic input) {
+  var m = _rx(p).firstMatch(input is String ? input : jsString(input));
+  if (m == null) return null;
+  return [for (var i = 0; i <= m.groupCount; i++) m.group(i) ?? ''];
+}
+
+dynamic re_find_all(dynamic p, dynamic input) {
+  var out = <dynamic>[];
+  for (var m in _rx(p).allMatches(input is String ? input : jsString(input))) {
+    out.add([for (var i = 0; i <= m.groupCount; i++) m.group(i) ?? '']);
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic re_replace(dynamic p, dynamic input, dynamic repl) {
+  var s = input is String ? input : jsString(input);
+  if (repl is Function) {
+    return s.replaceAllMapped(_rx(p), (m) {
+      var groups = [for (var i = 0; i <= m.groupCount; i++) m.group(i) ?? ''];
+      return (repl(groups)).toString();
+    });
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+dynamic re_escape(dynamic s) => escre(s);
+
+dynamic escre([dynamic s]) {
+  var str = s is String ? s : (s == null ? S_MT : jsString(s));
+  var b = StringBuffer();
+  for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
+    var c = str[i];
+    if ('.*+?^\$\{\}()|[]\\'.contains(c)) b.write('\\');
+    b.write(c);
+  }
+  return b.toString();
+}
+
+const _urlUnreserved =
+    'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_.!~*\'()';
+
+dynamic escurl([dynamic s]) {
+  var str = s is String ? s : (s == null ? S_MT : jsString(s));
+  var b = StringBuffer();
+  for (var byte in _utf8(str)) {
+    var c = String.fromCharCode(byte);
+    if (_urlUnreserved.contains(c)) {
+      b.write(c);
+    } else {
+      b.write('%${byte.toRadixString(16).toUpperCase().padLeft(2, '0')}');
+    }
+  }
+  return b.toString();
+}
+
+List<int> _utf8(String s) {
+  // Minimal UTF-8 encoder (avoids importing dart:convert in the library).
+  var out = <int>[];
+  for (var rune in s.runes) {
+    if (rune < 0x80) {
+      out.add(rune);
+    } else if (rune < 0x800) {
+      out.add(0xC0 | (rune >> 6));
+      out.add(0x80 | (rune & 0x3F));
+    } else if (rune < 0x10000) {
+      out.add(0xE0 | (rune >> 12));
+      out.add(0x80 | ((rune >> 6) & 0x3F));
+      out.add(0x80 | (rune & 0x3F));
+    } else {
+      out.add(0xF0 | (rune >> 18));
+      out.add(0x80 | ((rune >> 12) & 0x3F));
+      out.add(0x80 | ((rune >> 6) & 0x3F));
+      out.add(0x80 | (rune & 0x3F));
+    }
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// JSON-ish serialization / stringify / jsonify
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+void _escJson(String s, StringBuffer b) {
+  b.write('"');
+  for (var i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
+    var c = s[i];
+    var code = s.codeUnitAt(i);
+    if (c == '"') {
+      b.write('\\"');
+    } else if (c == '\\') {
+      b.write('\\\\');
+    } else if (c == '\n') {
+      b.write('\\n');
+    } else if (c == '\r') {
+      b.write('\\r');
+    } else if (c == '\t') {
+      b.write('\\t');
+    } else if (code < 32) {
+      b.write('\\u${code.toRadixString(16).padLeft(4, '0')}');
+    } else {
+      b.write(c);
+    }
+  }
+  b.write('"');
+}
+
+String jsonEncode(dynamic v, {bool sort = false, int? indent}) {
+  var b = StringBuffer();
+  void enc(dynamic v, int level) {
+    if (v == null) {
+      b.write('null');
+    } else if (v is bool) {
+      b.write(v ? 'true' : 'false');
+    } else if (v is num) {
+      b.write(numToString(v));
+    } else if (v is String) {
+      _escJson(v, b);
+    } else if (v is Function || v is _Sentinel) {
+      b.write('null');
+    } else if (v is List) {
+      if (v.isEmpty) {
+        b.write('[]');
+      } else if (indent != null) {
+        var pad = ' ' * (indent * (level + 1));
+        var cpad = ' ' * (indent * level);
+        b.write('[\n');
+        for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+          if (i > 0) b.write(',\n');
+          b.write(pad);
+          enc(v[i], level + 1);
+        }
+        b.write('\n');
+        b.write(cpad);
+        b.write(']');
+      } else {
+        b.write('[');
+        for (var i = 0; i < v.length; i++) {
+          if (i > 0) b.write(',');
+          enc(v[i], level + 1);
+        }
+        b.write(']');
+      }
+    } else if (v is Map) {
+      var ks = v.keys.map((k) => k.toString()).toList();
+      if (sort) ks.sort();
+      if (ks.isEmpty) {
+        b.write('{}');
+      } else if (indent != null) {
+        var pad = ' ' * (indent * (level + 1));
+        var cpad = ' ' * (indent * level);
+        b.write('{\n');
+        for (var i = 0; i < ks.length; i++) {
+          if (i > 0) b.write(',\n');
+          b.write(pad);
+          _escJson(ks[i], b);
+          b.write(': ');
+          enc(v[ks[i]], level + 1);
+        }
+        b.write('\n');
+        b.write(cpad);
+        b.write('}');
+      } else {
+        b.write('{');
+        for (var i = 0; i < ks.length; i++) {
+          if (i > 0) b.write(',');
+          _escJson(ks[i], b);
+          b.write(':');
+          enc(v[ks[i]], level + 1);
+        }
+        b.write('}');
+      }
+    } else {
+      _escJson(v.toString(), b);
+    }
+  }
+
+  enc(v, 0);
+  return b.toString();
+}
+
+bool _hasCycle(dynamic v) {
+  var seen = <dynamic>[];
+  bool go(dynamic v) {
+    if (v is List) {
+      if (seen.any((s) => identical(s, v))) return true;
+      seen.add(v);
+      return v.any(go);
+    }
+    if (v is Map) {
+      if (seen.any((s) => identical(s, v))) return true;
+      seen.add(v);
+      return v.values.any(go);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return go(v);
+}
+
+String stringify([dynamic v = _noarg, dynamic maxlen, dynamic pretty]) {
+  var pr = pretty == true;
+  if (identical(v, _noarg)) return pr ? '<>' : S_MT;
+  String valstr;
+  if (v is String) {
+    valstr = v;
+  } else if (_hasCycle(v)) {
+    valstr = '__STRINGIFY_FAILED__';
+  } else {
+    try {
+      valstr = jsonEncode(v, sort: true).replaceAll('"', '');
+    } catch (_) {
+      valstr = '__STRINGIFY_FAILED__';
+    }
+  }
+  if (maxlen is num && maxlen > -1) {
+    var m = maxlen.toInt();
+    if (m < valstr.length) {
+      valstr = valstr.substring(0, m - 3 < 0 ? 0 : m - 3) + '...';
+    }
+  }
+  if (pr) {
+    var colors = [
+      81,
+      118,
+      213,
+      39,
+      208,
+      201,
+      45,
+      190,
+      129,
+      51,
+      160,
+      121,
+      226,
+      33,
+      207,
+      69
+    ];
+    var c = colors.map((n) => '\x1b[38;5;${n}m').toList();
+    var r = '\x1b[0m';
+    var d = 0;
+    var o = c[0];
+    var t = StringBuffer(c[0]);
+    for (var i = 0; i < valstr.length; i++) {
+      var ch = valstr[i];
+      if (ch == '{' || ch == '[') {
+        d++;
+        o = c[d % c.length];
+        t.write(o);
+        t.write(ch);
+      } else if (ch == '}' || ch == ']') {
+        t.write(o);
+        t.write(ch);
+        d--;
+        o = c[((d % c.length) + c.length) % c.length];
+      } else {
+        t.write(o);
+        t.write(ch);
+      }
+    }
+    t.write(r);
+    return t.toString();
+  }
+  return valstr;
+}
+
+String jsonify([dynamic v, dynamic flags]) {
+  if (v == null) return S_null;
+  var indent = getprop(flags, 'indent', 2);
+  var ind = indent is num ? indent.toInt() : 2;
+  try {
+    var str = ind > 0 ? jsonEncode(v, indent: ind) : jsonEncode(v);
+    var offset = getprop(flags, 'offset', 0);
+    var off = offset is num ? offset.toInt() : 0;
+    if (off > 0) {
+      var lines = str.split('\n');
+      if (lines.isNotEmpty) {
+        return '{\n' + lines.sublist(1).map((l) => (' ' * off) + l).join('\n');
+      }
+    }
+    return str;
+  } catch (_) {
+    return S_null;
+  }
+}
+
+String pad([dynamic s, dynamic padding, dynamic padchar]) {
+  var str = s is String ? s : (s == null ? 'null' : stringify(s));
+  var p = padding is num ? padding.toInt() : 44;
+  var pc = padchar is String ? (padchar + ' ').substring(0, 1) : ' ';
+  if (p > -1) {
+    var n = p - str.length;
+    return n > 0 ? str + (pc * n) : str;
+  } else {
+    var n = (-p) - str.length;
+    return n > 0 ? (pc * n) + str : str;
+  }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// join / pathify / replace
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+String join(dynamic arr, [dynamic sep, dynamic url]) {
+  if (arr is! List) return S_MT;
+  var sepdef = (sep == null) ? ',' : (sep is String ? sep : jsString(sep));
+  var single = sepdef.length == 1;
+  var sc = single ? sepdef[0] : ' ';
+  var isUrl = url == true;
+  var sarr = arr.length;
+  String stripTrailing(String s) {
+    var i = s.length;
+    while (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == sc) i--;
+    return s.substring(0, i);
+  }
+
+  String stripLeading(String s) {
+    var i = 0;
+    while (i < s.length && s[i] == sc) i++;
+    return s.substring(i);
+  }
+
+  String collapse(String s) {
+    var b = StringBuffer();
+    var i = 0;
+    var n = s.length;
+    while (i < n) {
+      if (s[i] != sc) {
+        b.write(s[i]);
+        i++;
+      } else {
+        var j = i;
+        while (j < n && s[j] == sc) j++;
+        var beforeNon = i > 0 && s[i - 1] != sc;
+        var afterNon = j < n;
+        if (beforeNon && afterNon) {
+          b.write(sc);
+        } else {
+          b.write(s.substring(i, j));
+        }
+        i = j;
+      }
+    }
+    return b.toString();
+  }
+
+  var out = <String>[];
+  for (var idx = 0; idx < arr.length; idx++) {
+    var s0 = arr[idx];
+    if (s0 is String && s0 != S_MT) {
+      String s;
+      if (single) {
+        if (isUrl && idx == 0) {
+          s = stripTrailing(s0);
+        } else {
+          var x = idx > 0 ? stripLeading(s0) : s0;
+          x = (idx < sarr - 1 || !isUrl) ? stripTrailing(x) : x;
+          s = collapse(x);
+        }
+      } else {
+        s = s0;
+      }
+      if (s != S_MT) out.add(s);
+    }
+  }
+  return out.join(sepdef);
+}
+
+String joinurl(dynamic arr) => join(arr, '/', true);
+
+String replace(dynamic s, dynamic from, dynamic to) {
+  var ts = typify(s);
+  String rs;
+  if ((T_string & ts) == 0) {
+    rs = stringify(s);
+  } else if (((T_noval | T_null) & ts) > 0) {
+    rs = S_MT;
+  } else {
+    rs = stringify(s);
+  }
+  var toS = to is String ? to : jsString(to);
+  if (from is String && from.isNotEmpty) return rs.replaceAll(from, toS);
+  if (from is RegExp) return rs.replaceAll(from, toS);
+  return rs;
+}
+
+String pathify([dynamic v = _noarg, dynamic startin, dynamic endin]) {
+  var absent = identical(v, _noarg);
+  var val = absent ? null : v;
+  List<dynamic>? path;
+  if (val is List) {
+    path = val;
+  } else if (iskey(val)) {
+    path = [val];
+  } else {
+    path = null;
+  }
+  var start = startin is num ? (startin > -1 ? startin.toInt() : 0) : 0;
+  var endn = endin is num ? (endin > -1 ? endin.toInt() : 0) : 0;
+  String? pathstr;
+  if (path != null && start >= 0) {
+    var len = path.length;
+    var e = len - endn;
+    if (e < 0) e = 0;
+    var s = start > len ? len : start;
+    var sub = s <= e ? path.sublist(s, e) : <dynamic>[];
+    if (sub.isEmpty) {
+      pathstr = '<root>';
+    } else {
+      var mapped = sub.where(iskey).map((p) {
+        if (p is num) return numToString(p.floorToDouble());
+        return jsString(p).replaceAll('.', S_MT);
+      });
+      pathstr = mapped.join('.');
+    }
+  }
+  if (pathstr == null) {
+    pathstr =
+        '<unknown-path' + (absent ? S_MT : S_CN + stringify(val, 47)) + '>';
+  }
+  return pathstr;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// walk / merge
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+dynamic walk(dynamic val,
+    {Function? before,
+    Function? after,
+    dynamic maxdepth,
+    dynamic key,
+    dynamic parent,
+    dynamic path}) {
+  path ??= <dynamic>[];
+  var depth = size(path);
+  var out = before == null ? val : before(key, val, parent, path);
+  var md = (maxdepth is num && maxdepth >= 0) ? maxdepth.toInt() : MAXDEPTH;
+  if (md == 0 || (md > 0 && md <= depth)) return out;
+  if (isnode(out)) {
+    var prefix = List<dynamic>.from(path as List);
+    for (var pair in itemsPairs(out)) {
+      var ckey = pair[0] as String;
+      var child = pair[1];
+      var childpath = [...prefix, ckey];
+      var result = walk(child,
+          before: before,
+          after: after,
+          maxdepth: md,
+          key: ckey,
+          parent: out,
+          path: childpath);
+      if (out is Map) {
+        out[ckey] = result;
+      } else if (out is List) {
+        out[int.parse(ckey)] = result;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return after == null ? out : after(key, out, parent, path);
+}
+
+dynamic merge(dynamic objs, [dynamic maxdepth]) {
+  var md = maxdepth is num ? (maxdepth < 0 ? 0 : maxdepth.toInt()) : MAXDEPTH;
+  if (objs is! List) return objs;
+  var lenlist = objs.length;
+  if (lenlist == 0) return null;
+  if (lenlist == 1) return objs[0];
+  dynamic out = getprop(objs, 0, <String, dynamic>{});
+  for (var oi = 1; oi < lenlist; oi++) {
+    var obj = objs[oi];
+    if (!isnode(obj)) {
+      out = obj;
+    } else {
+      var cur = <dynamic>[out];
+      var dst = <dynamic>[out];
+      void grow(List<dynamic> a, int n) {
+        while (a.length <= n) a.add(null);
+      }
+
+      dynamic before(dynamic key, dynamic val, dynamic parent, dynamic path) {
+        var pi = size(path);
+        if (md <= pi) {
+          grow(cur, pi);
+          cur[pi] = val;
+          if (pi > 0) setprop(cur[pi - 1], key, val);
+          return null;
+        } else if (!isnode(val)) {
+          grow(cur, pi);
+          cur[pi] = val;
+          return val;
+        } else {
+          grow(dst, pi);
+          grow(cur, pi);
+          dst[pi] = pi > 0 ? getprop(dst[pi - 1], key) : dst[pi];
+          var tval = dst[pi];
+          if (tval == null) {
+            cur[pi] = islist(val) ? <dynamic>[] : <String, dynamic>{};
+            return val;
+          } else if ((islist(val) && islist(tval)) ||
+              (ismap(val) && ismap(tval))) {
+            cur[pi] = tval;
+            return val;
+          } else {
+            cur[pi] = val;
+            return null;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      dynamic after(dynamic key, dynamic val, dynamic parent, dynamic path) {
+        var ci = size(path);
+        if (ci < 1) return cur.isNotEmpty ? cur[0] : val;
+        var target = ci - 1 < cur.length ? cur[ci - 1] : null;
+        var value = ci < cur.length ? cur[ci] : null;
+        setprop(target, key, value);
+        return value;
+      }
+
+      out = walk(obj, before: before, after: after);
+    }
+  }
+  if (md == 0) {
+    var o = getprop(objs, lenlist - 1);
+    out = islist(o) ? <dynamic>[] : (ismap(o) ? <String, dynamic>{} : o);
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// getpath / setpath
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+dynamic _idef(dynamic injdef, String field) {
+  if (injdef is Inj) {
+    switch (field) {
+      case 'base':
+        return injdef.base;
+      case 'dparent':
+        return injdef.dparent;
+      case 'meta':
+        return injdef.meta;
+      case 'key':
+        return injdef.key;
+      case 'dpath':
+        return injdef.dpath;
+      case 'handler':
+        return injdef.handler;
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+  return getprop(injdef, field);
+}
+
+dynamic getpath(dynamic store, dynamic path, [dynamic injdef]) {
+  List<dynamic>? parts;
+  if (path is List) {
+    parts = List<dynamic>.from(path);
+  } else if (path is String) {
+    parts = path.split(S_DT);
+  } else if (path is num && path is! bool) {
+    parts = [strkey(path)];
+  } else {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  var hasInj = injdef != null;
+  var base = _idef(injdef, 'base');
+  var dparent = _idef(injdef, 'dparent');
+  var injMeta = _idef(injdef, 'meta');
+  var injKey = _idef(injdef, 'key');
+  var dpath = _idef(injdef, 'dpath');
+  var src = iskey(base) ? getprop(store, base, store) : store;
+  var numparts = parts.length;
+  dynamic val = store;
+
+  if (path == null ||
+      store == null ||
+      (numparts == 1 && parts[0] == S_MT) ||
+      numparts == 0) {
+    val = src;
+  } else {
+    if (numparts == 1) val = getprop(store, parts[0]);
+    if (!isfunc(val)) {
+      val = src;
+      if (parts[0] is String) {
+        var m = _R_META_PATH.firstMatch(parts[0]);
+        if (m != null && injMeta != null && hasInj) {
+          val = getprop(injMeta, m.group(1));
+          parts[0] = m.group(3);
+        }
+      }
+      var pi = 0;
+      var cont = true;
+      while (cont && val != null && pi < numparts) {
+        var raw = parts[pi];
+        dynamic part;
+        if (hasInj && raw == S_DKEY) {
+          part = injKey != null ? injKey : raw;
+        } else if (raw is String && raw.startsWith('\$GET:')) {
+          part = stringify(getpath(src, slice(raw, 5, -1)));
+        } else if (raw is String && raw.startsWith('\$REF:')) {
+          part = stringify(getpath(getprop(store, S_DSPEC), slice(raw, 5, -1)));
+        } else if (hasInj && raw is String && raw.startsWith('\$META:')) {
+          part = stringify(getpath(injMeta, slice(raw, 6, -1)));
+        } else {
+          part = raw;
+        }
+        part = part is String ? part.replaceAll('\$\$', '\$') : strkey(part);
+        if (part == S_MT) {
+          var ascends = 0;
+          while (pi + 1 < parts.length && parts[pi + 1] == S_MT) {
+            ascends++;
+            pi++;
+          }
+          if (hasInj && ascends > 0) {
+            if (pi == numparts - 1) ascends--;
+            if (ascends == 0) {
+              val = dparent;
+            } else {
+              var tail = parts.sublist(pi + 1);
+              var fullpath = flatten([slice(dpath, -ascends), tail]);
+              val = ascends <= size(dpath) ? getpath(store, fullpath) : null;
+              cont = false;
+            }
+          } else {
+            val = dparent;
+          }
+        } else {
+          val = getprop(val, part);
+        }
+        if (cont) pi++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  var handler = _idef(injdef, 'handler');
+  if (hasInj && isfunc(handler)) {
+    var ref = pathify(path);
+    if (injdef is Inj) {
+      val = handler(injdef, val, ref, store);
+    } else {
+      val = handler(_dummyInj(), val, ref, store);
+    }
+  }
+  return val;
+}
+
+dynamic setpath(dynamic store, dynamic path, dynamic val, [dynamic injdef]) {
+  var ptype = typify(path);
+  dynamic parts;
+  if ((T_list & ptype) > 0) {
+    parts = List<dynamic>.from(path as List);
+  } else if ((T_string & ptype) > 0) {
+    parts = (path as String).split(S_DT);
+  } else if ((T_number & ptype) > 0) {
+    parts = [path];
+  } else {
+    return null;
+  }
+  var base = injdef != null ? _idef(injdef, 'base') : null;
+  var numparts = size(parts);
+  var parent = iskey(base) ? getprop(store, base, store) : store;
+  for (var pi = 0; pi < numparts - 1; pi++) {
+    var pkey = getelem(parts, pi);
+    var np = getprop(parent, pkey);
+    if (!isnode(np)) {
+      var nextpart = getelem(parts, pi + 1);
+      np =
+          (T_number & typify(nextpart)) > 0 ? <dynamic>[] : <String, dynamic>{};
+      setprop(parent, pkey, np);
+    }
+    parent = np;
+  }
+  if (isDelete(val)) {
+    delprop(parent, getelem(parts, -1));
+  } else {
+    setprop(parent, getelem(parts, -1), val);
+  }
+  return parent;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Injection state
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Inj {
+  String mode = S_MVAL;
+  bool full = false;
+  int keyi = 0;
+  dynamic keys;
+  dynamic key;
+  dynamic ival;
+  dynamic parent;
+  dynamic path;
+  dynamic nodes;
+  Function handler = injectHandler;
+  dynamic errs;
+  dynamic meta;
+  dynamic dparent;
+  dynamic dpath;
+  dynamic base;
+  Function? modify;
+  Inj? prior;
+  dynamic extra;
+  dynamic root;
+}
+
+Inj? _dummy;
+Inj _dummyInj() {
+  _dummy ??= _newInj(null, <String, dynamic>{S_DTOP: null});
+  return _dummy!;
+}
+
+Inj _newInj(dynamic val, dynamic parent) {
+  var i = Inj();
+  i.mode = S_MVAL;
+  i.full = false;
+  i.keyi = 0;
+  i.keys = [S_DTOP];
+  i.key = S_DTOP;
+  i.ival = val;
+  i.parent = parent;
+  i.path = [S_DTOP];
+  i.nodes = [parent];
+  i.handler = injectHandler;
+  i.errs = <dynamic>[];
+  i.meta = <String, dynamic>{};
+  i.dparent = null;
+  i.dpath = [S_DTOP];
+  i.base = S_DTOP;
+  i.modify = null;
+  i.prior = null;
+  i.extra = null;
+  i.root = null;
+  return i;
+}
+
+dynamic _injDescend(Inj inj) {
+  if (inj.meta is Map) {
+    var d = (inj.meta['__d'] is num) ? inj.meta['__d'] as num : 0;
+    inj.meta['__d'] = d + 1;
+  }
+  var parentkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+  if (inj.dparent == null) {
+    if (size(inj.dpath) > 1) {
+      inj.dpath = [...(inj.dpath as List), parentkey];
+    }
+  } else if (parentkey != null) {
+    inj.dparent = getprop(inj.dparent, parentkey);
+    var lastpart = getelem(inj.dpath, -1);
+    if (lastpart == '\$:' + jsString(parentkey)) {
+      inj.dpath = slice(inj.dpath, -1);
+    } else {
+      inj.dpath = [...(inj.dpath as List), parentkey];
+    }
+  }
+  return inj.dparent;
+}
+
+Inj _injChild(Inj inj, int keyi, dynamic keys) {
+  var key = strkey(getelem(keys, keyi));
+  var val = inj.ival;
+  var c = Inj();
+  c.mode = inj.mode;
+  c.full = inj.full;
+  c.keyi = keyi;
+  c.keys = keys;
+  c.key = key;
+  c.ival = getprop(val, key);
+  c.parent = val;
+  c.path = [...(inj.path as List), key];
+  c.nodes = [...(inj.nodes as List), val];
+  c.handler = inj.handler;
+  c.errs = inj.errs;
+  c.meta = inj.meta;
+  c.base = inj.base;
+  c.modify = inj.modify;
+  c.prior = inj;
+  c.dpath = [...(inj.dpath as List)];
+  c.dparent = inj.dparent;
+  c.extra = inj.extra;
+  c.root = inj.root;
+  return c;
+}
+
+dynamic _injSetval(Inj inj, dynamic val, [int ancestor = 1]) {
+  dynamic target;
+  dynamic key;
+  if (ancestor < 2) {
+    target = inj.parent;
+    key = inj.key;
+  } else {
+    target = getelem(inj.nodes, -ancestor);
+    key = getelem(inj.path, -ancestor);
+  }
+  if (val == null) return delprop(target, key);
+  return setprop(target, key, val);
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// inject
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+dynamic inject(dynamic val, dynamic store, [dynamic injdef]) {
+  Inj inj;
+  if (injdef is Inj) {
+    inj = injdef;
+  } else {
+    var parent = <String, dynamic>{S_DTOP: val};
+    inj = _newInj(val, parent);
+    inj.dparent = store;
+    inj.errs = getprop(store, S_DERRS, <dynamic>[]);
+    if (inj.meta is Map) inj.meta['__d'] = 0;
+    inj.root = parent;
+    if (injdef != null) {
+      if (getprop(injdef, 'modify') != null)
+        inj.modify = getprop(injdef, 'modify');
+      if (getprop(injdef, 'extra') != null)
+        inj.extra = getprop(injdef, 'extra');
+      if (getprop(injdef, 'meta') != null) inj.meta = getprop(injdef, 'meta');
+      if (getprop(injdef, 'handler') != null)
+        inj.handler = getprop(injdef, 'handler');
+    }
+  }
+
+  _injDescend(inj);
+
+  dynamic rv;
+  if (isnode(val)) {
+    List<dynamic> nodekeys;
+    if (val is Map) {
+      var ks = val.keys.map((k) => k.toString()).toList();
+      var normal = ks.where((k) => !k.contains(S_DS)).toList()..sort();
+      var trans = ks.where((k) => k.contains(S_DS)).toList()..sort();
+      nodekeys = [...normal, ...trans];
+    } else {
+      nodekeys = List.generate((val as List).length, (i) => i.toString());
+    }
+
+    var nki = 0;
+    while (nki < nodekeys.length) {
+      var childinj = _injChild(inj, nki, List<dynamic>.from(nodekeys));
+      var nodekey = childinj.key;
+      childinj.mode = S_MKEYPRE;
+      var prekey = _injectstr(jsString(nodekey), store, childinj);
+      nodekeys = (childinj.keys as List).map((e) => jsString(e)).toList();
+      if (prekey != null) {
+        childinj.ival = getprop(val, prekey);
+        childinj.mode = S_MVAL;
+        inject(childinj.ival, store, childinj);
+        nodekeys = (childinj.keys as List).map((e) => jsString(e)).toList();
+        childinj.mode = S_MKEYPOST;
+        _injectstr(jsString(nodekey), store, childinj);
+        nodekeys = (childinj.keys as List).map((e) => jsString(e)).toList();
+      }
+      nki = childinj.keyi + 1;
+    }
+    rv = val;
+  } else if (val is String) {
+    inj.mode = S_MVAL;
+    var nv = _injectstr(val, store, inj);
+    if (!isSkip(nv)) _injSetval(inj, nv);
+    rv = nv;
+  } else {
+    rv = val;
+  }
+
+  if (inj.modify != null && !isSkip(rv)) {
+    var mkey = inj.key;
+    var mparent = inj.parent;
+    var mval = getprop(mparent, mkey);
+    inj.modify!(mval, mkey, mparent, inj);
+  }
+
+  inj.ival = rv;
+
+  if (inj.prior == null && inj.root != null && haskey(inj.root, S_DTOP)) {
+    return getprop(inj.root, S_DTOP);
+  }
+  if (inj.key == S_DTOP && inj.parent != null && haskey(inj.parent, S_DTOP)) {
+    return getprop(inj.parent, S_DTOP);
+  }
+  return rv;
+}
+
+dynamic injectHandler(dynamic inj, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var iscmd =
+      isfunc(val) && (ref == null || (ref is String && ref.startsWith(S_DS)));
+  if (iscmd) {
+    return val(inj, val, ref, store);
+  } else if ((inj as Inj).mode == S_MVAL && inj.full) {
+    _injSetval(inj, val);
+    return val;
+  }
+  return val;
+}
+
+dynamic _injectstr(String val, dynamic store, [Inj? inj]) {
+  if (val == S_MT) return S_MT;
+  var m = _R_INJECT_FULL.firstMatch(val);
+  if (m != null) {
+    if (inj != null) inj.full = true;
+    var pathref0 = m.group(1)!;
+    var pathref = pathref0.length > 3
+        ? pathref0.replaceAll('\$BT', S_BT).replaceAll('\$DS', S_DS)
+        : pathref0;
+    return getpath(store, pathref, inj);
+  }
+  var out = val.replaceAllMapped(_R_INJECT_PART, (mm) {
+    var ref0 = mm.group(1)!;
+    var ref = ref0.length > 3
+        ? ref0.replaceAll('\$BT', S_BT).replaceAll('\$DS', S_DS)
+        : ref0;
+    if (inj != null) inj.full = false;
+    var found = getpath(store, ref, inj);
+    if (found == null) return S_MT;
+    if (found is String) return found == '__NULL__' ? 'null' : found;
+    if (isfunc(found)) return S_MT;
+    try {
+      return jsonEncode(found);
+    } catch (_) {
+      return stringify(found);
+    }
+  });
+  if (inj != null && isfunc(inj.handler)) {
+    inj.full = true;
+    return inj.handler(inj, out, val, store);
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// transform commands
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+dynamic _transformDelete(dynamic inj, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  delprop((inj as Inj).parent, inj.key);
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformCopy(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE || inj.mode == S_MKEYPOST) return inj.key;
+  var out = _lookup(inj.dparent, inj.key);
+  _injSetval(inj, out);
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformKey(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode != S_MVAL) return null;
+  var keyspec = _lookup(inj.parent, S_BKEY);
+  if (keyspec != null) {
+    delprop(inj.parent, S_BKEY);
+    return getprop(inj.dparent, keyspec);
+  }
+  var anno = _lookup(inj.parent, S_BANNO);
+  var fromanno = _lookup(anno, S_KEY);
+  if (fromanno != null) return fromanno;
+  return getelem(inj.path, -2);
+}
+
+dynamic _transformAnno(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  delprop((inj0 as Inj).parent, S_BANNO);
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformMerge(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE) return inj.key;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPOST) {
+    var args0 = getprop(inj.parent, inj.key);
+    var args = islist(args0) ? args0 : [args0];
+    _injSetval(inj, null);
+    var mergelist = flatten([
+      [inj.parent],
+      args,
+      [clone(inj.parent)]
+    ]);
+    merge(mergelist);
+    return inj.key;
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformEach(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (islist(inj.keys)) slice(inj.keys, 0, 1, true);
+  if (inj.mode != S_MVAL) return null;
+  var parent = inj.parent;
+  var srcpath = size(parent) > 1 ? getelem(parent, 1) : null;
+  var childTm = size(parent) > 2 ? clone(getelem(parent, 2)) : null;
+  var srcstore = getprop(store, inj.base, store);
+  var src = getpath(srcstore, srcpath, inj);
+  var tkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+  var nodes = inj.nodes;
+  var target = () {
+    var t = getelem(nodes, -2);
+    return t == null ? getelem(nodes, -1) : t;
+  }();
+  var tval = <dynamic>[];
+  dynamic rval = <dynamic>[];
+  if (isnode(src)) {
+    if (src is List) {
+      for (var _ in src) {
+        tval.add(clone(childTm));
+      }
+    } else if (src is Map) {
+      src.forEach((k, _) {
+        var cc = clone(childTm);
+        if (ismap(cc)) setprop(cc, S_BANNO, <String, dynamic>{S_KEY: k});
+        tval.add(cc);
+      });
+    }
+    var tcurrent = src is Map
+        ? src.values.toList()
+        : (src is List ? List<dynamic>.from(src) : src);
+    if (tval.isNotEmpty) {
+      var path = inj.path;
+      var ckey = getelem(path, -2);
+      var plist = path is List ? List<dynamic>.from(path) : <dynamic>[];
+      var tpath =
+          plist.isEmpty ? <dynamic>[] : plist.sublist(0, plist.length - 1);
+      var dpath = <dynamic>[S_DTOP];
+      if (srcpath is String && srcpath != S_MT) {
+        for (var p in srcpath.split(S_DT)) {
+          if (p != S_MT) dpath.add(p);
+        }
+      }
+      if (ckey != null) dpath.add('\$:' + jsString(ckey));
+      dynamic tcur = <String, dynamic>{jsString(ckey): tcurrent};
+      if (size(tpath) > 1) {
+        var pkey = getelem(path, -3, S_DTOP);
+        dpath.add('\$:' + jsString(pkey));
+        tcur = <String, dynamic>{jsString(pkey): tcur};
+      }
+      var tinj = _injChild(inj, 0, ckey != null ? [ckey] : <dynamic>[]);
+      tinj.path = tpath;
+      var nlist = nodes is List ? List<dynamic>.from(nodes) : <dynamic>[];
+      tinj.nodes =
+          nlist.isEmpty ? <dynamic>[] : nlist.sublist(0, nlist.length - 1);
+      tinj.parent = size(tinj.nodes) > 0 ? getelem(tinj.nodes, -1) : null;
+      if (ckey != null && tinj.parent != null) setprop(tinj.parent, ckey, tval);
+      tinj.ival = tval;
+      tinj.dpath = dpath;
+      tinj.dparent = tcur;
+      inject(tval, store, tinj);
+      rval = tinj.ival;
+    }
+  }
+  setprop(target, tkey, rval);
+  return (islist(rval) && size(rval) > 0) ? getelem(rval, 0) : null;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformPack(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode != S_MKEYPRE || inj.key is! String) return null;
+  var parent = inj.parent;
+  var path = inj.path;
+  var nodes = inj.nodes;
+  var argsVal = getprop(parent, inj.key);
+  if (!islist(argsVal) || size(argsVal) < 2) return null;
+  var srcpath = getelem(argsVal, 0);
+  var origchildspec = getelem(argsVal, 1);
+  var tkey = getelem(path, -2);
+  var pathsize = size(path);
+  var target = () {
+    var t = getelem(nodes, pathsize - 2);
+    return t == null ? getelem(nodes, pathsize - 1) : t;
+  }();
+  var srcstore = getprop(store, inj.base, store);
+  var src0 = getpath(srcstore, srcpath, inj);
+  dynamic src;
+  if (!islist(src0)) {
+    if (ismap(src0)) {
+      var ns = <dynamic>[];
+      for (var p in itemsPairs(src0)) {
+        setprop(p[1], S_BANNO, <String, dynamic>{S_KEY: p[0]});
+        ns.add(p[1]);
+      }
+      src = ns;
+    } else {
+      src = null;
+    }
+  } else {
+    src = src0;
+  }
+  if (src == null) return null;
+  var keypath = getprop(origchildspec, S_BKEY);
+  var childspec = delprop(origchildspec, S_BKEY);
+  var child = getprop(childspec, S_BVAL, childspec);
+  var tval = <String, dynamic>{};
+  for (var p in itemsPairs(src)) {
+    var srckey = p[0];
+    var srcnode = p[1];
+    dynamic k;
+    if (keypath == null) {
+      k = srckey;
+    } else if (keypath is String && keypath.startsWith(S_BT)) {
+      k = inject(
+          keypath,
+          merge([
+            <String, dynamic>{},
+            store,
+            <String, dynamic>{S_DTOP: srcnode}
+          ], 1));
+    } else {
+      k = getpath(srcnode, keypath, inj);
+    }
+    var tchild = clone(child);
+    setprop(tval, k, tchild);
+    var anno = getprop(srcnode, S_BANNO);
+    if (anno == null) {
+      delprop(tchild, S_BANNO);
+    } else {
+      setprop(tchild, S_BANNO, anno);
+    }
+  }
+  dynamic rval = <String, dynamic>{};
+  if (!isempty(tval)) {
+    var tsrc = <String, dynamic>{};
+    var srcList = src is List ? src : <dynamic>[];
+    for (var i = 0; i < srcList.length; i++) {
+      var node = srcList[i];
+      dynamic kn;
+      if (keypath == null) {
+        kn = i;
+      } else if (keypath is String && keypath.startsWith(S_BT)) {
+        kn = inject(
+            keypath,
+            merge([
+              <String, dynamic>{},
+              store,
+              <String, dynamic>{S_DTOP: node}
+            ], 1));
+      } else {
+        kn = getpath(node, keypath, inj);
+      }
+      setprop(tsrc, kn, node);
+    }
+    var tpath = slice(inj.path, -1);
+    var ckey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+    var dpath = flatten(
+        [S_DTOP, (srcpath as String).split(S_DT), '\$:' + jsString(ckey)]);
+    dynamic tcur = <String, dynamic>{jsString(ckey): tsrc};
+    if (size(tpath) > 1) {
+      var pkey = getelem(inj.path, -3, S_DTOP);
+      (dpath as List).add('\$:' + jsString(pkey));
+      tcur = <String, dynamic>{jsString(pkey): tcur};
+    }
+    var tinj = _injChild(inj, 0, [ckey]);
+    tinj.path = tpath;
+    tinj.nodes = slice(inj.nodes, -1);
+    tinj.parent = getelem(tinj.nodes, -1);
+    tinj.ival = tval;
+    tinj.dpath = dpath;
+    tinj.dparent = tcur;
+    inject(tval, store, tinj);
+    rval = tinj.ival;
+  }
+  setprop(target, tkey, rval);
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformRef(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode != S_MVAL) return null;
+  var nodes = inj.nodes;
+  var refpath = _lookup(inj.parent, 1);
+  inj.keyi = size(inj.keys);
+  var specFunc = getprop(store, S_DSPEC);
+  if (!isfunc(specFunc)) return null;
+  var spec = specFunc();
+  var refv = getpath(spec, refpath);
+  var hasSub = false;
+  if (isnode(refv)) {
+    walk(refv, after: (k, v, p, pp) {
+      if (v == '`\$REF`') hasSub = true;
+      return v;
+    });
+  }
+  var tref = clone(refv);
+  var cpath = slice(inj.path, 0, size(inj.path) - 3);
+  var tpath = slice(inj.path, 0, size(inj.path) - 1);
+  var tcur = getpath(store, cpath);
+  var tval = getpath(store, tpath);
+  dynamic rval;
+  if (refv != null && (!hasSub || tval != null)) {
+    var cs = _injChild(inj, 0, [getelem(tpath, -1)]);
+    cs.path = tpath;
+    cs.nodes = slice(inj.nodes, 0, size(inj.nodes) - 1);
+    cs.parent = getelem(nodes, -2);
+    cs.ival = tref;
+    cs.dparent = tcur;
+    inject(tref, store, cs);
+    rval = cs.ival;
+  }
+  _injSetval(inj, rval, 2);
+  if (islist(inj.parent) && inj.prior != null) {
+    inj.prior!.keyi = inj.prior!.keyi - 1;
+  }
+  return val;
+}
+
+String _jsstr(dynamic v) {
+  if (v == null) return 'null';
+  if (v is bool) return v ? 'true' : 'false';
+  return jsString(v);
+}
+
+final Map<String, dynamic Function(dynamic, dynamic)> _FORMATTER = {
+  'identity': (k, v) => v,
+  'upper': (k, v) => isnode(v) ? v : _jsstr(v).toUpperCase(),
+  'lower': (k, v) => isnode(v) ? v : _jsstr(v).toLowerCase(),
+  'string': (k, v) => isnode(v) ? v : _jsstr(v),
+  'number': (k, v) {
+    if (isnode(v)) return v;
+    var n = num.tryParse(_jsstr(v)) ?? 0;
+    if (n is double && n.isNaN) n = 0;
+    return (n == n.truncateToDouble()) ? n.toInt() : n;
+  },
+  'integer': (k, v) {
+    if (isnode(v)) return v;
+    var n = num.tryParse(_jsstr(v)) ?? 0;
+    if (n is double && n.isNaN) n = 0;
+    return n.toInt();
+  },
+  'concat': (k, v) {
+    if (k == null && islist(v)) {
+      return join(itemsV(v, (n) => isnode(n[1]) ? S_MT : _jsstr(n[1])), S_MT);
+    }
+    return v;
+  },
+};
+
+bool checkPlacement(int modes, String ijname, int parentTypes, Inj inj) {
+  var modenum = _MODE_TO_NUM[inj.mode] ?? 0;
+  if ((modes & modenum) == 0) {
+    var allowed = [M_KEYPRE, M_KEYPOST, M_VAL].where((m) => (modes & m) != 0);
+    var placements = allowed.map((m) => m == M_VAL ? 'value' : 'key').join(',');
+    var cur = modenum == M_VAL ? 'value' : 'key';
+    setprop(inj.errs, size(inj.errs),
+        '\$$ijname: invalid placement as $cur, expected: $placements.');
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!isempty(parentTypes)) {
+    var ptype = typify(inj.parent);
+    if ((parentTypes & ptype) == 0) {
+      setprop(inj.errs, size(inj.errs),
+          '\$$ijname: invalid placement in parent ${typename(ptype)}, expected: ${typename(parentTypes)}.');
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+dynamic injectorArgs(List<int> argTypes, dynamic args) {
+  var numargs = argTypes.length;
+  var found = List<dynamic>.filled(1 + numargs, null, growable: true);
+  for (var argi = 0; argi < numargs; argi++) {
+    var arg = getelem(args, argi);
+    var argType = typify(arg);
+    if ((argTypes[argi] & argType) == 0) {
+      found[0] =
+          'invalid argument: ${stringify(arg, 22)} (${typename(argType)} at position ${1 + argi}) is not of type: ${typename(argTypes[argi])}.';
+      return found;
+    }
+    found[1 + argi] = arg;
+  }
+  return found;
+}
+
+Inj injectChild(dynamic child, dynamic store, Inj inj) {
+  var cinj = inj;
+  if (inj.prior != null) {
+    if (inj.prior!.prior != null) {
+      var c = _injChild(inj.prior!.prior!, inj.prior!.keyi, inj.prior!.keys);
+      c.ival = child;
+      setprop(c.parent, inj.prior!.key, child);
+      cinj = c;
+    } else {
+      var c = _injChild(inj.prior!, inj.keyi, inj.keys);
+      c.ival = child;
+      setprop(c.parent, inj.key, child);
+      cinj = c;
+    }
+  }
+  inject(child, store, cinj);
+  return cinj;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformFormat(
+    dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  slice(inj.keys, 0, 1, true);
+  if (inj.mode != S_MVAL) return null;
+  var name = _lookup(inj.parent, 1);
+  var child = _lookup(inj.parent, 2);
+  var tkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+  var target = () {
+    var t = getelem(inj.nodes, -2);
+    return t == null ? getelem(inj.nodes, -1) : t;
+  }();
+  var cinj = injectChild(child, store, inj);
+  var resolved = cinj.ival;
+  dynamic Function(dynamic, dynamic)? formatter;
+  if ((T_function & typify(name)) > 0) {
+    formatter = (k, v) => name(_dummyInj(), v, jsString(k), null);
+  } else {
+    formatter = _FORMATTER[jsString(name)];
+  }
+  if (formatter == null) {
+    setprop(inj.errs, size(inj.errs),
+        '\$FORMAT: unknown format: ${jsString(name)}.');
+    return null;
+  }
+  var out = walk(resolved, after: (k, v, p, pp) => formatter!(k, v));
+  setprop(target, tkey, out);
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic _transformApply(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (!checkPlacement(M_VAL, 'APPLY', T_list, inj)) return null;
+  var res = injectorArgs([T_function, T_any], slice(inj.parent, 1));
+  var err = getelem(res, 0);
+  var applyFn = getelem(res, 1);
+  var child = size(res) > 2 ? getelem(res, 2) : null;
+  if (err != null) {
+    setprop(inj.errs, size(inj.errs), '\$APPLY: ' + jsString(err));
+    return null;
+  }
+  var tkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+  var target = () {
+    var t = getelem(inj.nodes, -2);
+    return t == null ? getelem(inj.nodes, -1) : t;
+  }();
+  var cinj = injectChild(child, store, inj);
+  var resolved = cinj.ival;
+  var out = applyFn(resolved, store, cinj);
+  setprop(target, tkey, out);
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic transform(dynamic data, dynamic spec0, [dynamic injdef]) {
+  var origspec = spec0;
+  var spec = clone(spec0);
+  var extra = injdef != null ? getprop(injdef, 'extra') : null;
+  var collect = injdef != null && getprop(injdef, 'errs') != null;
+  var errs = collect ? getprop(injdef, 'errs') : <dynamic>[];
+  var extraTransforms = <String, dynamic>{};
+  var extraData = <String, dynamic>{};
+  if (extra != null) {
+    for (var p in itemsPairs(extra)) {
+      if ((p[0] as String).startsWith(S_DS)) {
+        extraTransforms[p[0]] = p[1];
+      } else {
+        extraData[p[0]] = p[1];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  var dataClone =
+      merge([isempty(extraData) ? null : clone(extraData), clone(data)]);
+  var store = <String, dynamic>{};
+  store[S_DTOP] = dataClone;
+  store[S_DSPEC] = ([a, b, c, d]) => origspec;
+  store['\$BT'] = ([a, b, c, d]) => S_BT;
+  store['\$DS'] = ([a, b, c, d]) => S_DS;
+  store['\$WHEN'] = ([a, b, c, d]) => '1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z';
+  store['\$DELETE'] = _transformDelete;
+  store['\$COPY'] = _transformCopy;
+  store['\$KEY'] = _transformKey;
+  store['\$ANNO'] = _transformAnno;
+  store['\$MERGE'] = _transformMerge;
+  store['\$EACH'] = _transformEach;
+  store['\$PACK'] = _transformPack;
+  store['\$REF'] = _transformRef;
+  store['\$FORMAT'] = _transformFormat;
+  store['\$APPLY'] = _transformApply;
+  for (var p in itemsPairs(extraTransforms)) {
+    store[p[0]] = p[1];
+  }
+  store[S_DERRS] = errs;
+
+  var idef = <String, dynamic>{};
+  if (injdef is Map) {
+    injdef.forEach((k, v) => idef[k.toString()] = v);
+  }
+  idef['errs'] = errs;
+  var out = inject(spec, store, idef);
+  if (size(errs) > 0 && !collect) {
+    throw StructError(join(errs, ' | '));
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+class StructError implements Exception {
+  final String message;
+  StructError(this.message);
+  @override
+  String toString() => message;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// validate
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+String _invalidTypeMsg(
+    dynamic path, String needtype, int vt, dynamic v, String whence) {
+  var vs = v == null ? 'no value' : stringify(v);
+  return 'Expected ' +
+      (size(path) > 1 ? 'field ' + pathify(path, 1) + ' to be ' : '') +
+      needtype +
+      ', but found ' +
+      (v != null ? typename(vt) + S_VIZ : '') +
+      vs +
+      '.';
+}
+
+void _pushErr(Inj inj, String msg) => setprop(inj.errs, size(inj.errs), msg);
+
+dynamic _validateString(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  var out = _lookup(inj.dparent, inj.key);
+  var t = typify(out);
+  if ((T_string & t) == 0) {
+    _pushErr(inj, _invalidTypeMsg(inj.path, S_string, t, out, 'V1010'));
+    return null;
+  }
+  if (out == S_MT) {
+    _pushErr(inj, 'Empty string at ' + pathify(inj.path, 1));
+    return null;
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic _validateType(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  var tname = (ref is String && ref.length > 1)
+      ? ref.substring(1).toLowerCase()
+      : 'any';
+  var idx = _TYPENAME.indexOf(tname);
+  var typev0 = idx >= 0 ? (1 << (31 - idx)) : 0;
+  var typev = tname == S_nil ? (typev0 | T_null) : typev0;
+  var out = _lookup(inj.dparent, inj.key);
+  var t = typify(out);
+  if ((t & typev) == 0) {
+    _pushErr(inj, _invalidTypeMsg(inj.path, tname, t, out, 'V1001'));
+    return null;
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+dynamic _validateAny(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) =>
+    _lookup((inj0 as Inj).dparent, inj0.key);
+
+dynamic _validateChild(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  var parent = inj.parent;
+  var key = inj.key;
+  var path = inj.path;
+  var keys = inj.keys;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE) {
+    var childtm = getprop(parent, key);
+    var pkey = getelem(path, -2);
+    var tval = getprop(inj.dparent, pkey);
+    if (tval == null) {
+      for (var ckey in keysof(<String, dynamic>{})) {
+        setprop(parent, ckey, clone(childtm));
+        setprop(keys, size(keys), ckey);
+      }
+      delprop(parent, key);
+      return null;
+    } else if (!ismap(tval)) {
+      _pushErr(
+          inj,
+          _invalidTypeMsg(slice(path, 0, size(path) - 1), S_object,
+              typify(tval), tval, 'V0220'));
+      return null;
+    } else {
+      for (var ckey in keysof(tval)) {
+        setprop(parent, ckey, clone(childtm));
+        setprop(keys, size(keys), ckey);
+      }
+      delprop(parent, key);
+      return null;
+    }
+  } else if (inj.mode == S_MVAL) {
+    var childtm = getprop(parent, 1);
+    if (!islist(parent)) {
+      _pushErr(inj, 'Invalid \$CHILD as value');
+      return null;
+    } else if (inj.dparent == null) {
+      (parent as List).clear();
+      return null;
+    } else if (!islist(inj.dparent)) {
+      _pushErr(
+          inj,
+          _invalidTypeMsg(slice(path, 0, size(path) - 1), S_list,
+              typify(inj.dparent), inj.dparent, 'V0230'));
+      inj.keyi = size(parent);
+      return inj.dparent;
+    } else {
+      for (var p in itemsPairs(inj.dparent)) {
+        setprop(parent, p[0], clone(childtm));
+      }
+      var n = size(inj.dparent);
+      var pl = parent as List;
+      while (pl.length > n) {
+        pl.removeLast();
+      }
+      inj.keyi = 0;
+      return getprop(inj.dparent, 0);
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _validateOne(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode != S_MVAL) return null;
+  var parent = inj.parent;
+  if (!islist(parent) || inj.keyi != 0) {
+    _pushErr(
+        inj,
+        'The \$ONE validator at field ' +
+            pathify(inj.path, 1, 1) +
+            ' must be the first element of an array.');
+    return null;
+  }
+  inj.keyi = size(inj.keys);
+  _injSetval(inj, inj.dparent, 2);
+  inj.path = slice(inj.path, 0, size(inj.path) - 1);
+  inj.key = getelem(inj.path, -1);
+  var tvals = slice(parent, 1);
+  if (size(tvals) == 0) {
+    _pushErr(
+        inj,
+        'The \$ONE validator at field ' +
+            pathify(inj.path, 1, 1) +
+            ' must have at least one argument.');
+    return null;
+  }
+  var matched = false;
+  for (var tv in (tvals as List)) {
+    if (matched) break;
+    var terrs = <dynamic>[];
+    var vstore = merge([<String, dynamic>{}, store], 1);
+    setprop(vstore, S_DTOP, inj.dparent);
+    var vcurrent = validate(
+        inj.dparent, tv, {'extra': vstore, 'errs': terrs, 'meta': inj.meta});
+    _injSetval(inj, vcurrent, -2);
+    if (size(terrs) == 0) matched = true;
+  }
+  if (!matched) {
+    var valdesc = tvals.map((x) => stringify(x)).join(', ');
+    valdesc = valdesc.replaceAllMapped(
+        _R_TRANSFORM_NAME, (m) => m.group(1)!.toLowerCase());
+    _pushErr(
+        inj,
+        _invalidTypeMsg(inj.path, (size(tvals) > 1 ? 'one of ' : '') + valdesc,
+            typify(inj.dparent), inj.dparent, 'V0210'));
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _validateExact(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode != S_MVAL) {
+    delprop(inj.parent, inj.key);
+    return null;
+  }
+  var parent = inj.parent;
+  if (!islist(parent) || inj.keyi != 0) {
+    _pushErr(
+        inj,
+        'The \$EXACT validator at field ' +
+            pathify(inj.path, 1, 1) +
+            ' must be the first element of an array.');
+    return null;
+  }
+  inj.keyi = size(inj.keys);
+  _injSetval(inj, inj.dparent, 2);
+  inj.path = slice(inj.path, 0, size(inj.path) - 1);
+  inj.key = getelem(inj.path, -1);
+  var tvals = slice(parent, 1);
+  if (size(tvals) == 0) {
+    _pushErr(
+        inj,
+        'The \$EXACT validator at field ' +
+            pathify(inj.path, 1, 1) +
+            ' must have at least one argument.');
+    return null;
+  }
+  var matched = false;
+  for (var tv in (tvals as List)) {
+    if (!matched && veq(tv, inj.dparent)) matched = true;
+  }
+  if (!matched) {
+    var valdesc = tvals.map((x) => stringify(x)).join(', ');
+    valdesc = valdesc.replaceAllMapped(
+        _R_TRANSFORM_NAME, (m) => m.group(1)!.toLowerCase());
+    _pushErr(
+        inj,
+        _invalidTypeMsg(
+            inj.path,
+            (size(inj.path) > 1 ? '' : 'value ') +
+                'exactly equal to ' +
+                (size(tvals) == 1 ? '' : 'one of ') +
+                valdesc,
+            typify(inj.dparent),
+            inj.dparent,
+            'V0110'));
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+bool veq(dynamic a, dynamic b) {
+  if (a == null && b == null) return true;
+  if (a is bool || b is bool) return a == b;
+  if (a is num && b is num) return a == b;
+  if (a is String && b is String) return a == b;
+  if (a is List && b is List) {
+    if (a.length != b.length) return false;
+    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+      if (!veq(a[i], b[i])) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (a is Map && b is Map) {
+    if (a.length != b.length) return false;
+    for (var k in a.keys) {
+      if (!b.containsKey(k) || !veq(a[k], b[k])) return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  return identical(a, b);
+}
+
+void _validation(dynamic pval, dynamic key, dynamic parent, dynamic inj0) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (isSkip(pval)) return;
+  var exact = getprop(inj.meta, S_BEXACT, false);
+  var cval = getprop(inj.dparent, key);
+  var exactB = exact == true;
+  if (!exactB && cval == null) return;
+  var ptype = typify(pval);
+  if ((T_string & ptype) > 0 && jsString(pval).contains(S_DS)) return;
+  var ctype = typify(cval);
+  if (ptype != ctype && pval != null) {
+    _pushErr(
+        inj, _invalidTypeMsg(inj.path, typename(ptype), ctype, cval, 'V0010'));
+  } else if (ismap(cval)) {
+    if (!ismap(pval)) {
+      _pushErr(inj,
+          _invalidTypeMsg(inj.path, typename(ptype), ctype, cval, 'V0020'));
+    } else {
+      var ckeys = keysof(cval);
+      var pkeys = keysof(pval);
+      if (pkeys.isNotEmpty && getprop(pval, S_BOPEN) != true) {
+        // A child key is "unexpected" only when the shape does not CONTAIN it.
+        // Test presence, not `_lookup(...) == null`: a key that is present in
+        // the shape but maps to a null value (e.g. a record whose optional
+        // `serial_number` is null, merged into the shape by a `$AND` select)
+        // must NOT be rejected as unexpected.
+        var badkeys = ckeys.where((ck) =>
+            !(pval is Map && pval.containsKey(_mapKey(ck)))).toList();
+        if (badkeys.isNotEmpty) {
+          _pushErr(
+              inj,
+              'Unexpected keys at field ' +
+                  pathify(inj.path, 1) +
+                  S_VIZ +
+                  badkeys.join(', '));
+        }
+      } else {
+        merge([pval, cval]);
+        if (isnode(pval)) delprop(pval, S_BOPEN);
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (islist(cval)) {
+    if (!islist(pval)) {
+      _pushErr(inj,
+          _invalidTypeMsg(inj.path, typename(ptype), ctype, cval, 'V0030'));
+    }
+  } else if (exactB) {
+    if (!veq(cval, pval)) {
+      var pathmsg =
+          size(inj.path) > 1 ? 'at field ' + pathify(inj.path, 1) + ': ' : '';
+      _pushErr(
+          inj,
+          'Value ' +
+              pathmsg +
+              jsString(cval) +
+              ' should equal ' +
+              jsString(pval) +
+              '.');
+    }
+  } else {
+    setprop(parent, key, cval);
+  }
+}
+
+dynamic _validateHandler(
+    dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  var m = (ref is String) ? _R_META_PATH.firstMatch(ref) : null;
+  if (m != null) {
+    if (m.group(2) == '=') {
+      _injSetval(inj, [S_BEXACT, val]);
+    } else {
+      _injSetval(inj, val);
+    }
+    inj.keyi = -1;
+    return SKIP;
+  }
+  return injectHandler(inj, val, ref, store);
+}
+
+dynamic validate(dynamic data, dynamic spec, [dynamic injdef]) {
+  var extra = getprop(injdef, 'extra');
+  var collect = injdef != null && getprop(injdef, 'errs') != null;
+  var errs = collect ? getprop(injdef, 'errs') : <dynamic>[];
+  var base = <String, dynamic>{};
+  for (var k in [
+    '\$DELETE',
+    '\$COPY',
+    '\$KEY',
+    '\$META',
+    '\$MERGE',
+    '\$EACH',
+    '\$PACK'
+  ]) {
+    base[k] = null;
+  }
+  base['\$STRING'] = _validateString;
+  for (var k in [
+    '\$NUMBER',
+    '\$INTEGER',
+    '\$DECIMAL',
+    '\$BOOLEAN',
+    '\$NULL',
+    '\$NIL',
+    '\$MAP',
+    '\$LIST',
+    '\$FUNCTION',
+    '\$INSTANCE'
+  ]) {
+    base[k] = _validateType;
+  }
+  base['\$ANY'] = _validateAny;
+  base['\$CHILD'] = _validateChild;
+  base['\$ONE'] = _validateOne;
+  base['\$EXACT'] = _validateExact;
+  var store = merge([
+    base,
+    extra == null ? <String, dynamic>{} : extra,
+    <String, dynamic>{S_DERRS: errs}
+  ], 1);
+  var meta = getprop(injdef, 'meta', <String, dynamic>{});
+  setprop(meta, S_BEXACT, getprop(meta, S_BEXACT, false));
+  var out = transform(data, spec, {
+    'meta': meta,
+    'extra': store,
+    'modify': _validation,
+    'handler': _validateHandler,
+    'errs': errs,
+  });
+  if (size(errs) > 0 && !collect) {
+    throw StructError(join(errs, ' | '));
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// select
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+dynamic _selectAnd(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE) {
+    var terms = getprop(inj.parent, inj.key);
+    var ppath = slice(inj.path, -1);
+    var point = getpath(store, ppath);
+    var vstore = merge([<String, dynamic>{}, store], 1);
+    setprop(vstore, S_DTOP, point);
+    for (var p in itemsPairs(terms)) {
+      var terrs = <dynamic>[];
+      validate(point, p[1], {'extra': vstore, 'errs': terrs, 'meta': inj.meta});
+      if (size(terrs) != 0) {
+        _pushErr(
+            inj,
+            'AND:' +
+                pathify(ppath) +
+                '⨯' +
+                stringify(point) +
+                ' fail:' +
+                stringify(terms));
+      }
+    }
+    var gkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+    var gp = getelem(inj.nodes, -2);
+    setprop(gp, gkey, point);
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _selectOr(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE) {
+    var terms = getprop(inj.parent, inj.key);
+    var ppath = slice(inj.path, -1);
+    var point = getpath(store, ppath);
+    var vstore = merge([<String, dynamic>{}, store], 1);
+    setprop(vstore, S_DTOP, point);
+    var done = false;
+    for (var p in itemsPairs(terms)) {
+      if (done) break;
+      var terrs = <dynamic>[];
+      validate(point, p[1], {'extra': vstore, 'errs': terrs, 'meta': inj.meta});
+      if (size(terrs) == 0) {
+        var gkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+        var gp = getelem(inj.nodes, -2);
+        setprop(gp, gkey, point);
+        done = true;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!done) {
+      _pushErr(
+          inj,
+          'OR:' +
+              pathify(ppath) +
+              '⨯' +
+              stringify(point) +
+              ' fail:' +
+              stringify(terms));
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic _selectNot(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE) {
+    var term = getprop(inj.parent, inj.key);
+    var ppath = slice(inj.path, -1);
+    var point = getpath(store, ppath);
+    var vstore = merge([<String, dynamic>{}, store], 1);
+    setprop(vstore, S_DTOP, point);
+    var terrs = <dynamic>[];
+    validate(point, term, {'extra': vstore, 'errs': terrs, 'meta': inj.meta});
+    if (size(terrs) == 0) {
+      _pushErr(
+          inj,
+          'NOT:' +
+              pathify(ppath) +
+              '⨯' +
+              stringify(point) +
+              ' fail:' +
+              stringify(term));
+    }
+    var gkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+    var gp = getelem(inj.nodes, -2);
+    setprop(gp, gkey, point);
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+bool _numCmp(dynamic a, dynamic b, String op) {
+  if (a is num && b is num) {
+    switch (op) {
+      case 'gt':
+        return a > b;
+      case 'lt':
+        return a < b;
+      case 'gte':
+        return a >= b;
+      case 'lte':
+        return a <= b;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+dynamic _selectCmp(dynamic inj0, dynamic val, dynamic ref, dynamic store) {
+  var inj = inj0 as Inj;
+  if (inj.mode == S_MKEYPRE) {
+    var term = getprop(inj.parent, inj.key);
+    var gkey = getelem(inj.path, -2);
+    var ppath = slice(inj.path, -1);
+    var point = getpath(store, ppath);
+    bool pass;
+    if (ref == '\$GT') {
+      pass = _numCmp(point, term, 'gt');
+    } else if (ref == '\$LT') {
+      pass = _numCmp(point, term, 'lt');
+    } else if (ref == '\$GTE') {
+      pass = _numCmp(point, term, 'gte');
+    } else if (ref == '\$LTE') {
+      pass = _numCmp(point, term, 'lte');
+    } else if (ref == '\$LIKE') {
+      pass = term is String ? RegExp(term).hasMatch(stringify(point)) : false;
+    } else {
+      pass = false;
+    }
+    if (pass) {
+      var gp = getelem(inj.nodes, -2);
+      setprop(gp, gkey, point);
+    } else {
+      _pushErr(
+          inj,
+          'CMP: ' +
+              pathify(ppath) +
+              '⨯' +
+              stringify(point) +
+              ' fail:' +
+              jsString(ref) +
+              ' ' +
+              stringify(term));
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+dynamic select(dynamic children0, dynamic query) {
+  if (!isnode(children0)) return <dynamic>[];
+  dynamic children;
+  if (ismap(children0)) {
+    children = itemsPairs(children0).map((p) {
+      setprop(p[1], S_DKEY, p[0]);
+      return p[1];
+    }).toList();
+  } else {
+    var src = children0 as List;
+    var out = <dynamic>[];
+    for (var i = 0; i < src.length; i++) {
+      var n = src[i];
+      if (ismap(n)) {
+        setprop(n, S_DKEY, i);
+        out.add(n);
+      } else {
+        out.add(n);
+      }
+    }
+    children = out;
+  }
+  var results = <dynamic>[];
+  var extra = <String, dynamic>{
+    '\$AND': _selectAnd,
+    '\$OR': _selectOr,
+    '\$NOT': _selectNot,
+    '\$GT': _selectCmp,
+    '\$LT': _selectCmp,
+    '\$GTE': _selectCmp,
+    '\$LTE': _selectCmp,
+    '\$LIKE': _selectCmp,
+  };
+  var q = clone(query);
+  walk(q, after: (k, v, p, pp) {
+    if (ismap(v)) setprop(v, S_BOPEN, getprop(v, S_BOPEN, true));
+    return v;
+  });
+  for (var child in (children as List)) {
+    var errs = <dynamic>[];
+    var injdef = {
+      'errs': errs,
+      'meta': <String, dynamic>{S_BEXACT: true},
+      'extra': extra,
+    };
+    validate(child, clone(q), injdef);
+    if (size(errs) == 0) results.add(child);
+  }
+  return results;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// builders
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+dynamic jm(List<dynamic> kv) {
+  var m = <String, dynamic>{};
+  var n = kv.length;
+  for (var i = 0; i < n; i += 2) {
+    var k0 = kv[i];
+    var k = k0 == null ? 'null' : (k0 is String ? k0 : stringify(k0));
+    m[k] = (i + 1 < n) ? kv[i + 1] : null;
+  }
+  return m;
+}
+
+dynamic jt(List<dynamic> v) => List<dynamic>.from(v);
+
+String tn(int t) => typename(t);