@volter/threejs-runtime 0.5.65

package/src/animation/xstate-animation-meta.ts

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+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+/**
+ * E1 — Zod/TypeScript metadata attached to XState state `meta.animation`
+ * (spec §11 E1, §5.6, §3.3).
+ *
+ * This module defines ONLY animation data: which clip(s) a state plays, how
+ * they loop/blend/crossfade, and (for locomotion-style states) how a 1D/2D/
+ * direct blend tree distributes weight across several clips from a live
+ * parameter. It intentionally contains **no transition vocabulary** — no
+ * `on`/`target`/`guard`/`always`/`after`/`entry`/`exit`. XState alone owns
+ * states, transitions, events, and guards (§3.3); this metadata is read-only
+ * data a binding (`xstate-animation-binding.ts`, E2) consumes to drive a
+ * `THREE.AnimationMixer` when XState enters/exits a state. Every schema below
+ * is `.strict()` specifically so that smuggling a transition-shaped key into
+ * `meta.animation` is a loud Zod "unrecognized key" error, not a silently
+ * ignored field (E1 AC: "Metadata contains no transition language").
+ *
+ * ## Native layered composition
+ *
+ * Parallel XState regions may drive independent named layers. Each layer can
+ * filter a clip to selected bone subtrees, scale its weight, and use normal
+ * override or Three's native additive blend mode. XState still owns all
+ * state/transition semantics; these fields only describe how the active
+ * state's native `AnimationAction`s are composed by the binding.
+ *
+ * ## Blend tree shape
+ *
+ * Deliberately structurally IDENTICAL to {@link BlendTreeDef} below (same
+ * `type`/`parameter`/`parameterY`/`children[].clip`/`.threshold`/
+ * `.thresholdY`/`.weight` fields) so the binding can hand a parsed
+ * `AnimationBlendTree` straight to `evaluateBlendTree`
+ * (`xstate-animation-binding.ts`) with zero conversion.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * The blend-tree shape the binding's blend math reads. It lived in
+ * `anim-graph-types.ts` while a second, removed AnimGraph runtime shared it;
+ * that runtime is gone and the file was folded in here on 2026-09-20, so the
+ * AnimGraph name no longer exists in the estate.
+ *
+ * The optional fields spell `| undefined` explicitly because the repo compiles
+ * with `exactOptionalPropertyTypes`, and the one producer of these values is
+ * the Zod schema below, whose `.optional()` infers `?: T | undefined`. Without
+ * the explicit union the parsed value is not assignable here and the call site
+ * needs a cast — which is exactly what used to hide field drift between the
+ * two declarations (see `asBlendTreeDef`).
+ */
+export interface BlendTreeDef {
+  type: '1D' | '2D' | 'direct';
+  parameter: string;
+  parameterY?: string | undefined; // for 2D
+  children: BlendChild[];
+}
+
+export interface BlendChild {
+  clip: string;
+  threshold: number;
+  thresholdY?: number | undefined; // for 2D
+  weight?: number | undefined; // for direct
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Blend tree children
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const AnimationBlendChildSchema = z
+  .object({
+    clip: z.string().min(1).describe('Animation clip name this child plays'),
+    threshold: z.number().describe('1D/2D blend position on the primary parameter axis'),
+    thresholdY: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('2D blend position on the secondary parameter axis (2D blend trees only)'),
+    weight: z
+      .number()
+      .min(0)
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Explicit weight for "direct" blend trees (ignored by 1D/2D)'),
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+export type AnimationBlendChild = z.infer<typeof AnimationBlendChildSchema>;
+
+const AnimationBlendTree1DSchema = z
+  .object({
+    type: z.literal('1D').describe('Interpolates linearly between sorted children by threshold'),
+    parameter: z.string().min(1).describe('Context/selector value driving the blend'),
+    children: z
+      .array(AnimationBlendChildSchema)
+      .min(2, '1D blend tree needs at least 2 children to interpolate between'),
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+const AnimationBlendTree2DSchema = z
+  .object({
+    type: z
+      .literal('2D')
+      .describe('Inverse-distance-weights children by (parameter, parameterY) position'),
+    parameter: z.string().min(1).describe('Primary axis context/selector value'),
+    parameterY: z.string().min(1).describe('Secondary axis context/selector value'),
+    children: z
+      .array(AnimationBlendChildSchema.extend({ thresholdY: z.number() }))
+      .min(1, '2D blend tree needs at least 1 child'),
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+const AnimationBlendTreeDirectSchema = z
+  .object({
+    type: z.literal('direct').describe('Each child has an explicit weight, normalized to sum to 1'),
+    // `parameter` is unused by direct blending (evaluateBlendTree never reads
+    // it for `type: 'direct'`) but kept required+defaulted so the parsed
+    // value stays structurally assignable to `BlendTreeDef` above, which
+    // declares `parameter: string` for every
+    // blend mode — the same convention that type already uses.
+    parameter: z.string().default(''),
+    children: z
+      .array(AnimationBlendChildSchema.extend({ weight: z.number().min(0) }))
+      .min(1, 'direct blend tree needs at least 1 child'),
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+export const AnimationBlendTreeSchema = z.discriminatedUnion('type', [
+  AnimationBlendTree1DSchema,
+  AnimationBlendTree2DSchema,
+  AnimationBlendTreeDirectSchema,
+]);
+
+export type AnimationBlendTree = z.infer<typeof AnimationBlendTreeSchema>;
+
+/**
+ * The structural-identity claim in this file's header, made COMPILER-CHECKED.
+ *
+ * `evaluateBlendTree` takes {@link BlendTreeDef} above, and the
+ * whole reason this schema mirrors that shape field-for-field is so a parsed
+ * value can be handed over with zero conversion. The binding used to spell that
+ * hand-over `as unknown as BlendTreeDef` — a double cast that would have gone on
+ * compiling if either declaration drifted, silently feeding the blend math a
+ * shape it does not describe. This identity function is the assignability
+ * assertion instead: drift here is a type error at the seam that claims it.
+ */
+export function asBlendTreeDef(tree: AnimationBlendTree): BlendTreeDef {
+  return tree;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Crossfade / blend-in-out metadata (shared by clip and blend-tree states)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const AnimationCrossfadeMetaSchema = z
+  .object({
+    duration: z
+      .number()
+      .min(0)
+      .default(0)
+      .describe(
+        'Seconds to blend from the previously active clip into this state on entry, applied via ' +
+          'native `AnimationAction.crossFadeTo`/`fadeIn` (E2). 0 = instant activation, no fade.',
+      ),
+    warp: z
+      .boolean()
+      .default(false)
+      .describe(
+        "Passed through to AnimationAction.crossFadeTo's `warp` param — linearly warps timeScale " +
+          'across the two clips during the blend so differing clip lengths line up. Default false.',
+      ),
+  })
+  .strict()
+  .describe('Blend-in/out/crossfade timing for entering this state');
+
+export type AnimationCrossfadeMeta = z.infer<typeof AnimationCrossfadeMetaSchema>;
+
+const AnimationBoneMaskSchema = z
+  .object({
+    include: z
+      .array(z.string().min(1))
+      .min(1)
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Bone/object names whose complete descendant subtrees are retained'),
+    exclude: z
+      .array(z.string().min(1))
+      .min(1)
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Bone/object names whose complete descendant subtrees are removed'),
+  })
+  .strict()
+  .refine((mask) => Boolean(mask.include?.length || mask.exclude?.length), {
+    message: 'boneMask needs at least one include or exclude bone name',
+  })
+  .describe('Filters animation tracks by named Object3D/Bone subtrees');
+
+export type AnimationBoneMask = z.infer<typeof AnimationBoneMaskSchema>;
+
+const AnimationLayerFields = {
+  layer: z
+    .string()
+    .min(1)
+    .optional()
+    .describe('Composition layer name; omitted means the single base layer'),
+  weight: z
+    .number()
+    .min(0)
+    .max(1)
+    .optional()
+    .describe('Layer weight multiplier from 0 to 1; defaults to 1'),
+  blendMode: z
+    .enum(['override', 'additive'])
+    .optional()
+    .describe('Native Three normal/override or additive action blending; defaults to override'),
+  boneMask: AnimationBoneMaskSchema.optional().describe(
+    'Optional include/exclude filter applied to every clip track in this state',
+  ),
+};
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Per-state animation metadata: single clip OR blend tree, plus crossfade
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const ClipAnimationMetaSchema = z
+  .object({
+    clip: z.string().min(1).describe('Single clip to play while this XState state is active'),
+    loop: z
+      .boolean()
+      .default(true)
+      .describe(
+        'Loop the clip (THREE.LoopRepeat) vs play once (THREE.LoopOnce, clamped on last frame)',
+      ),
+    speed: z
+      .number()
+      .positive()
+      .default(1)
+      .describe('Playback speed multiplier (AnimationAction.timeScale)'),
+    crossfade: AnimationCrossfadeMetaSchema.optional(),
+    ...AnimationLayerFields,
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+export type ClipAnimationMeta = z.infer<typeof ClipAnimationMetaSchema>;
+
+const BlendTreeAnimationMetaSchema = z
+  .object({
+    blendTree: AnimationBlendTreeSchema.describe(
+      'Multiple clips blended by a live context/selector-driven parameter',
+    ),
+    crossfade: AnimationCrossfadeMetaSchema.optional(),
+    ...AnimationLayerFields,
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+export type BlendTreeAnimationMeta = z.infer<typeof BlendTreeAnimationMetaSchema>;
+
+/**
+ * The full shape of `state.meta.animation` for one XState state (spec §5.6):
+ * exactly one of a single clip or a blend tree, plus optional crossfade
+ * timing. `.strict()` on both branches is what makes authoring a transition
+ * keyword (`on`, `target`, `guard`, …) inside `meta.animation` a validation
+ * error instead of a silently-accepted second transition dialect.
+ */
+export const StateAnimationMetaSchema = z.union([
+  ClipAnimationMetaSchema,
+  BlendTreeAnimationMetaSchema,
+]);
+
+export type StateAnimationMeta = z.infer<typeof StateAnimationMetaSchema>;
+
+/** True iff a validated meta declares a single clip rather than a blend tree. */
+export function isClipAnimationMeta(meta: StateAnimationMeta): meta is ClipAnimationMeta {
+  return 'clip' in meta;
+}
+
+/** True iff a validated meta declares a blend tree rather than a single clip. */
+export function isBlendTreeAnimationMeta(meta: StateAnimationMeta): meta is BlendTreeAnimationMeta {
+  return 'blendTree' in meta;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Validation entry point
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/** Thrown by `parseStateAnimationMeta` — always names the offending state id. */
+export class AnimationMetaValidationError extends Error {
+  constructor(
+    message: string,
+    readonly stateId: string,
+    readonly issues: z.ZodIssue[],
+  ) {
+    super(message);
+    this.name = 'AnimationMetaValidationError';
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate one state's `meta.animation` value. Called by the E2 binding for
+ * every state a machine declares (both at bind time, up front, and — for
+ * belt-and-suspenders — again whenever a state is entered).
+ *
+ * @throws {AnimationMetaValidationError} naming the state id and every Zod
+ *   issue (path + message) — e.g. an unrecognized `on`/`target` key, a
+ *   missing `clip`, or a 1D blend tree with only one child.
+ */
+export function parseStateAnimationMeta(stateId: string, raw: unknown): StateAnimationMeta {
+  const result = StateAnimationMetaSchema.safeParse(raw);
+  if (!result.success) {
+    const detail = result.error.issues
+      .map((issue) => `${issue.path.length ? issue.path.join('.') : '(root)'}: ${issue.message}`)
+      .join('; ');
+    throw new AnimationMetaValidationError(
+      `[xstate-animation] invalid meta.animation for state "${stateId}": ${detail}`,
+      stateId,
+      result.error.issues,
+    );
+  }
+  return result.data;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Machine-wide collection (used by E2 to validate + resolve clips up front)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/** The minimal shape of an XState `StateNode` this module needs to walk. */
+export interface AnimationMetaStateNodeLike {
+  id: string;
+  meta?: { animation?: unknown } & Record<string, unknown>;
+  states?: Record<string, AnimationMetaStateNodeLike>;
+}
+
+export interface MachineAnimationMetaEntry {
+  stateId: string;
+  meta: StateAnimationMeta;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Walk every state node in a machine (from its root `StateNode`, e.g.
+ * `actor.logic.root`) and validate every `meta.animation` value found.
+ * States with no `meta.animation` are skipped (not every XState state needs
+ * to drive animation). Returns one entry per animated state, in document
+ * order.
+ *
+ * @throws {AnimationMetaValidationError} on the FIRST invalid meta found —
+ *   naming the specific state id, so an agent authoring a machine gets an
+ *   actionable pointer straight to the bad state instead of a generic error.
+ */
+export function collectMachineAnimationMeta(
+  root: AnimationMetaStateNodeLike,
+): MachineAnimationMetaEntry[] {
+  const out: MachineAnimationMetaEntry[] = [];
+  const visit = (node: AnimationMetaStateNodeLike): void => {
+    if (node.meta && 'animation' in node.meta && node.meta.animation !== undefined) {
+      out.push({ stateId: node.id, meta: parseStateAnimationMeta(node.id, node.meta.animation) });
+    }
+    for (const child of Object.values(node.states ?? {})) visit(child);
+  };
+  visit(root);
+  return out;
+}
+
+/** Every clip name referenced anywhere in a validated meta (1 for clip states, N for blend trees). */
+export function clipNamesOf(meta: StateAnimationMeta): string[] {
+  return isClipAnimationMeta(meta) ? [meta.clip] : meta.blendTree.children.map((c) => c.clip);
+}

package/src/asset-formats/camera.ts

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+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+export const CameraDescriptorSchema = z
+  .object({
+    type: z.enum(['perspective', 'orthographic']).describe('Camera projection type'),
+    fov: z.number().optional().describe('Vertical field of view in degrees (perspective only)'),
+    near: z.number().optional().describe('Near clipping plane distance'),
+    far: z.number().optional().describe('Far clipping plane distance'),
+    orthoSize: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Half-height of the orthographic frustum (orthographic only)'),
+    width: z.number().optional().describe('Render width in pixels. Defaults to viewport width'),
+    height: z.number().optional().describe('Render height in pixels. Defaults to viewport height'),
+  })
+  .describe('Camera configuration');
+
+export type CameraDescriptor = z.infer<typeof CameraDescriptorSchema>;

package/src/asset-formats/collider.ts

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+import { z } from 'zod';
+import { Vec3Schema } from './tuples';
+
+export const ColliderDescriptorSchema = z
+  .object({
+    type: z
+      .enum(['cuboid', 'ball', 'capsule', 'trimesh'])
+      .describe(
+        "Collider shape type. T1.2: every shape scales with the entity's composed world scale " +
+          "(self × ancestors) — for trimesh this means the entity's own mesh geometry vertices " +
+          'are pre-scaled per-axis before building the Rapier trimesh, so it matches whatever ' +
+          "size ends up on screen; it does not require the collider's own dimension fields.",
+      ),
+    halfExtents: Vec3Schema.optional().describe(
+      "Half-size [x, y, z] for cuboid colliders, in the ENTITY'S OWN LOCAL units. T1.2: " +
+        "scales with the entity — the actual Rapier collider is this value times the entity's " +
+        'composed world scale (self × every transformed ancestor), per axis, baked in once at ' +
+        "load time (Rapier has no live notion of an Object3D's scale).",
+    ),
+    radius: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe(
+        "Radius for ball and capsule colliders, in the ENTITY'S OWN LOCAL units. T1.2: scales " +
+          "with the entity's composed world scale, which MUST be uniform on the collider's round " +
+          'axes (ball: all of x/y/z; capsule: x and z) — a non-uniform scale there throws a loud ' +
+          'load error (Rapier balls/capsules cannot represent an ellipse).',
+      ),
+    halfHeight: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe(
+        "Half-height for capsule colliders, in the entity's own local units, along the capsule's " +
+          "axis (Y). T1.2: scales by the entity's composed world scale on that axis.",
+      ),
+    friction: z.number().optional().describe('Surface friction coefficient'),
+    restitution: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Bounciness coefficient (0 = no bounce, 1 = perfect bounce)'),
+    density: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Mass density. Used to compute mass from collider volume'),
+    offset: Vec3Schema.optional().describe(
+      "Translation offset relative to body origin, in the ENTITY'S OWN LOCAL units. T1.2/R1c: " +
+        "scales with the entity's composed world scale (self × every transformed ancestor), " +
+        'per axis, the same way halfExtents/radius/halfHeight do — an unscaled offset would ' +
+        "silently drift away from the entity's visual anchor point under any non-1 scale.",
+    ),
+    isSensor: z
+      .boolean()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('When true, detects overlaps without physical blocking (trigger volume)'),
+    collisionGroups: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Bitmask: collision layers this collider belongs to (max 16 bits)'),
+    collisionFilter: z
+      .number()
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Bitmask: collision layers this collider interacts with (max 16 bits)'),
+  })
+  .describe('Physics collider shape and properties');
+
+export type ColliderDescriptor = z.infer<typeof ColliderDescriptorSchema>;

package/src/asset-formats/index.ts

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+/**
+ * The engine's runtime descriptor schemas.
+ *
+ * Each module is here because a real runtime READER consumes it — nothing in
+ * this directory exists as documentation of a format:
+ *
+ * - `material.ts`   — the inline material descriptor `render/material-factory.ts` reads
+ * - `mesh.ts`        — the geometry descriptor `render/material-factory.ts`'s `createGeometry` reads
+ * - `light.ts` / `camera.ts` — the descriptors `render/light-camera-factory.ts` reads
+ * - `collider.ts`    — the descriptor `physics/collider-dimensions.ts` and the editor's
+ *                     collider gizmos read
+ * - `particles.ts`   — the descriptor `render/particles-factory.ts` reads
+ * - `render-settings.ts` — the tone-mapping / post-processing / render-feature scopes
+ *                     `setup/setup-renderer.ts` reads
+ * - `tuples.ts`      — the shared Vec3/Quat/Transform tuples the above build on
+ *
+ * These are DESCRIPTORS, not documents: each names a slice of authored data a
+ * render/physics factory reads, and none of them is a scene — which is why
+ * every one of them is named `*Descriptor`.
+ */
+
+export type { CameraDescriptor } from './camera';
+export { CameraDescriptorSchema } from './camera';
+export type { ColliderDescriptor } from './collider';
+export { ColliderDescriptorSchema } from './collider';
+export type { LightDescriptor } from './light';
+export { LightDescriptorSchema } from './light';
+export type { MaterialDescriptor } from './material';
+export { MaterialDescriptorSchema } from './material';
+export type { MeshDescriptor } from './mesh';
+export { MeshDescriptorSchema } from './mesh';
+export type { ParticlesDescriptor } from './particles';
+export { ParticlesDescriptorSchema } from './particles';
+export type {
+  PostProcessingDescriptor,
+  RenderEnvironment,
+  ToneMappingDescriptor,
+} from './render-env';
+export {
+  PostProcessingDescriptorSchema,
+  RenderEnvironmentSchema,
+  ToneMappingDescriptorSchema,
+} from './render-env';
+export type { Quat, Transform, Vec3 } from './tuples';
+export { QuatSchema, TransformSchema, Vec3Schema } from './tuples';

package/src/asset-formats/light.ts

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+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+const LightDescriptorBase = z.object({
+  type: z.enum(['directional', 'point', 'spot', 'hemisphere', 'area']).describe('Light type'),
+  color: z.string().optional().describe('Light color as CSS hex string'),
+  intensity: z
+    .number()
+    .optional()
+    .describe(
+      'Native Three.js light intensity. Point and spot lights use candela with inverse-square ' +
+        'falloff (a value near 1 is candle-scale); area lights use nit; directional and ' +
+        'hemisphere lights use Three.js scene-light intensity units.',
+    ),
+  groundColor: z.string().optional().describe('Ground color for hemisphere lights'),
+  distance: z
+    .number()
+    .optional()
+    .describe('Maximum range of the light. 0 = infinite (point/spot only)'),
+  decay: z
+    .number()
+    .nonnegative()
+    .optional()
+    .describe(
+      'Native Three.js distance-decay exponent for point/spot lights. Default 2 gives ' +
+        'physically correct inverse-square falloff.',
+    ),
+  angle: z.number().optional().describe('Spotlight cone angle in radians (spot only)'),
+  penumbra: z.number().optional().describe('Spotlight penumbra softness 0–1 (spot only)'),
+  width: z
+    .number()
+    .optional()
+    .describe(
+      'Area light width (area only). RectAreaLight has NO shadow support and only affects ' +
+        'Standard/Physical materials — degrades loudly, not silently.',
+    ),
+  height: z
+    .number()
+    .optional()
+    .describe(
+      'Area light height (area only). RectAreaLight has NO shadow support and only affects ' +
+        'Standard/Physical materials — degrades loudly, not silently.',
+    ),
+});
+
+export const LightDescriptorSchema = LightDescriptorBase.refine(
+  (l) => l.type !== 'spot' || l.angle === undefined || l.angle > 0,
+  { message: 'Spot light angle must be positive' },
+).describe('Light source configuration');
+
+export type LightDescriptor = z.infer<typeof LightDescriptorSchema>;

package/src/asset-formats/material.ts

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+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+const MaterialDescriptorObjectSchema = z
+  .object({
+    type: z.enum(['standard', 'physical', 'basic', 'toon']).describe('Material shading model'),
+    color: z.string().optional().describe('Base color as CSS hex string (e.g. "#ff0000")'),
+    metalness: z.number().optional().describe('Metalness factor 0–1 (standard/physical only)'),
+    roughness: z.number().optional().describe('Roughness factor 0–1 (standard/physical only)'),
+    map: z.string().optional().describe('Path to albedo/diffuse texture image'),
+    normalMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to normal map texture image'),
+    emissive: z.string().optional().describe('Emissive color as CSS hex string'),
+    emissiveIntensity: z.number().optional().describe('Emissive light intensity multiplier'),
+    emissiveMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to emissive map texture image'),
+    aoMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to ambient occlusion map texture image'),
+    lightMap: z
+      .string()
+      .optional()
+      .describe(
+        "Path to a baked lightmap texture (uses the mesh's second UV set). Applies the pre-baked GI/shadow result on top of the material.",
+      ),
+    lightMapIntensity: z.number().optional().describe('Lightmap intensity multiplier (default 1).'),
+    roughnessMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to roughness map texture image'),
+    metalnessMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to metalness map texture image'),
+    opacity: z.number().optional().describe('Opacity 0–1. Set transparent: true to enable'),
+    transparent: z.boolean().optional().describe('Enable alpha blending for this material'),
+    side: z.enum(['front', 'back', 'double']).optional().describe('Which face sides to render'),
+    flatShading: z.boolean().optional().describe('Use flat (faceted) shading instead of smooth'),
+
+    // Physical material feature groups (physical only, all optional)
+    clearcoat: z
+      .object({
+        clearcoat: z.number().describe('Clearcoat layer intensity 0–1'),
+        clearcoatRoughness: z.number().optional().describe('Clearcoat roughness 0–1'),
+        clearcoatMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to clearcoat intensity map'),
+        clearcoatRoughnessMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to clearcoat roughness map'),
+      })
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Clearcoat layer (physical only)'),
+
+    transmission: z
+      .object({
+        transmission: z.number().describe('Transmission intensity 0–1 (glass, liquid)'),
+        ior: z.number().optional().describe('Index of refraction (default 1.5)'),
+        thickness: z.number().optional().describe('Volume thickness for refraction'),
+        attenuationColor: z.string().optional().describe('Color absorbed over distance'),
+        attenuationDistance: z
+          .number()
+          .optional()
+          .describe('Distance at which attenuation color takes full effect'),
+        transmissionMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to transmission map'),
+      })
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Light transmission (physical only)'),
+
+    sheen: z
+      .object({
+        sheen: z.number().describe('Sheen intensity 0–1 (fabric, velvet)'),
+        sheenColor: z.string().optional().describe('Sheen tint color'),
+        sheenRoughness: z.number().optional().describe('Sheen roughness 0–1'),
+        sheenColorMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to sheen color map'),
+        sheenRoughnessMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to sheen roughness map'),
+      })
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Sheen layer (physical only)'),
+
+    iridescence: z
+      .object({
+        iridescence: z.number().describe('Iridescence intensity 0–1 (soap bubbles, oil slick)'),
+        iridescenceIOR: z.number().optional().describe('Thin-film IOR (default 1.3)'),
+        iridescenceThicknessRange: z
+          .tuple([z.number(), z.number()])
+          .optional()
+          .describe('Min/max thin-film thickness in nm'),
+        iridescenceMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to iridescence intensity map'),
+        iridescenceThicknessMap: z
+          .string()
+          .optional()
+          .describe('Path to iridescence thickness map'),
+      })
+      .optional()
+      .describe('Iridescence thin-film (physical only)'),
+
+    displacementMap: z.string().optional().describe('Path to displacement/height map'),
+    displacementScale: z.number().optional().describe('Displacement height multiplier'),
+    displacementBias: z.number().optional().describe('Displacement offset'),
+  })
+  .strict();
+
+export const MaterialDescriptorSchema = MaterialDescriptorObjectSchema.describe(
+  'Material appearance properties',
+);
+
+export type MaterialDescriptor = z.infer<typeof MaterialDescriptorSchema>;