@vmz/core 0.0.4 → 0.1.1

package/dist/dom-core.js

@@ -0,0 +1,4545 @@
+// @ts-nocheck
+/**
+ * VMZ DOM client runtime — precise patches, no VDOM diff (SSR lives in dom-ssr).
+ *
+ *
+ * Direct components expose `__vmzCreate` / `__vmzSerialize` / `__vmzPlan`.
+ * Mount and client patches run that same schedule (SSR/hydrate/resume in dom-ssr).
+ * Field writes only run registered dep patches — never re-create structure.
+ */
+/** @type {Record<string, new (props?: object) => any>} */
+const components = Object.create(null);
+/**
+ * Precision lab counters (test / MCP / benchmarks — not a user API).
+ * Primary keys: BindingId (IR). `*ByDep` is transitional stable-string adapter.
+ */
+const precision = {
+    enabled: false,
+    writes: 0,
+    bindingEvals: 0,
+    patchExecs: 0,
+    domCreates: 0,
+    domMoves: 0,
+    domRemoves: 0,
+    componentExecs: 0,
+    /** @type {Record<string, number>} */
+    writesByRoot: Object.create(null),
+    /** @type {Record<string, number>} */
+    bindingEvalsByDep: Object.create(null),
+    /** @type {Record<string, number>} */
+    patchesByDep: Object.create(null),
+    /** @type {Record<string, number>} BindingId → count */
+    bindingEvalsByBinding: Object.create(null),
+    /** @type {Record<string, number>} BindingId → count */
+    patchesByBinding: Object.create(null),
+};
+/** optional StableId event ring (enabled with precision or __vmzTraceEnable). */
+const TRACE_CAP = 256;
+/** @type {{ enabled: boolean, events: Array<{ kind: string, stableId: { kind: string, id: string }, dep?: string|null, t?: number, chunkId?: string|null }> }} */
+const traceBuf = {
+    enabled: false,
+    events: [],
+};
+function pushTrace(kind, stableKind, stableId, dep = null) {
+    if (!traceBuf.enabled && !precision.enabled)
+        return;
+    traceBuf.events.push({
+        kind,
+        stableId: { kind: stableKind, id: String(stableId) },
+        dep: dep == null ? undefined : String(dep),
+        t: Date.now(),
+    });
+    if (traceBuf.events.length > TRACE_CAP) {
+        traceBuf.events.splice(0, traceBuf.events.length - TRACE_CAP);
+    }
+}
+function bumpMap(map, key, n = 1) {
+    if (key == null || key === '')
+        return;
+    map[key] = (map[key] || 0) + n;
+}
+/** @param {boolean} [on] */
+export function __vmzPrecisionEnable(on = true) {
+    precision.enabled = !!on;
+}
+/** @param {boolean} [on] */
+export function __vmzTraceEnable(on = true) {
+    traceBuf.enabled = !!on;
+}
+export function __vmzPrecisionReset() {
+    precision.writes = 0;
+    precision.bindingEvals = 0;
+    precision.patchExecs = 0;
+    precision.domCreates = 0;
+    precision.domMoves = 0;
+    precision.domRemoves = 0;
+    precision.componentExecs = 0;
+    precision.writesByRoot = Object.create(null);
+    precision.bindingEvalsByDep = Object.create(null);
+    precision.patchesByDep = Object.create(null);
+    precision.bindingEvalsByBinding = Object.create(null);
+    precision.patchesByBinding = Object.create(null);
+}
+export function __vmzTraceReset() {
+    traceBuf.events = [];
+}
+/**
+ * StableId event snapshot (`vmz.dx.trace.v0` shape without schema stamp —
+ * host may wrap via ingestRuntimeTrace).
+ * @returns {{ schema: string, events: typeof traceBuf.events, status: string }}
+ */
+export function __vmzTraceSnapshot() {
+    const events = traceBuf.events.map((e) => ({ ...e, stableId: { ...e.stableId } }));
+    return {
+        schema: 'vmz.dx.trace.v0',
+        events,
+        status: events.length ? 'ready' : 'empty',
+    };
+}
+/** @returns {typeof precision} */
+export function __vmzPrecisionSnapshot() {
+    return {
+        enabled: precision.enabled,
+        writes: precision.writes,
+        bindingEvals: precision.bindingEvals,
+        patchExecs: precision.patchExecs,
+        domCreates: precision.domCreates,
+        domMoves: precision.domMoves,
+        domRemoves: precision.domRemoves,
+        componentExecs: precision.componentExecs,
+        writesByRoot: { ...precision.writesByRoot },
+        bindingEvalsByDep: { ...precision.bindingEvalsByDep },
+        patchesByDep: { ...precision.patchesByDep },
+        bindingEvalsByBinding: { ...precision.bindingEvalsByBinding },
+        patchesByBinding: { ...precision.patchesByBinding },
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * @param {() => any} fn
+ * @param {string | null} [depKey]
+ * @param {number | string | null} [bindingId]
+ */
+function runPatch(fn, depKey = null, bindingId = null) {
+    if (precision.enabled) {
+        precision.patchExecs++;
+        if (depKey)
+            bumpMap(precision.patchesByDep, depKey);
+        if (bindingId != null)
+            bumpMap(precision.patchesByBinding, String(bindingId));
+    }
+    if (bindingId != null) {
+        pushTrace('patch', 'binding', bindingId, depKey);
+    }
+    return fn();
+}
+export function noteDomCreate() {
+    if (precision.enabled)
+        precision.domCreates++;
+}
+function noteDomRemove() {
+    if (precision.enabled)
+        precision.domRemoves++;
+}
+function noteDomMove() {
+    if (precision.enabled)
+        precision.domMoves++;
+}
+/** @param {Record<string, any>} map */
+export function registerComponents(map) {
+    Object.assign(components, map);
+}
+/** Sync registry lookup (SSR serialize / client). */
+export function getRegisteredComponent(name) {
+    return components[name] || null;
+}
+/**
+ * Lazy component loader for EventEntry mixed packs (set by entry-client / entry-event).
+ * @param {string} name
+ * @returns {Promise<any>}
+ */
+export async function resolveComponent(name) {
+    let Ctor = components[name];
+    if (!Ctor && typeof globalThis.__vmzLoadComponent === 'function') {
+        Ctor = await globalThis.__vmzLoadComponent(name);
+        if (Ctor)
+            registerComponents({ [name]: Ctor });
+    }
+    return Ctor || null;
+}
+/**
+ * Mount once; later updates are dep patches only (never re-run structure).
+ * Requires compiler `__vmzCreate` (production Direct emit — no blueprint fallback).
+ * @param {new (props?: object) => any} Component
+ * @param {Element} container
+ * @param {object} [props]
+ */
+export async function mount(Component, container, props = {}) {
+    if (container.__vmzInst) {
+        destroy(container.__vmzInst);
+        container.__vmzInst = null;
+    }
+    const inst = createInstance(Component, props);
+    inst.__vmzBinders = Object.create(null);
+    inst.__vmzBindings = Object.create(null);
+    inst.__vmzDepToBindings = Object.create(null);
+    container.replaceChildren();
+    const node = await createFromComponent(Component, inst);
+    if (node) {
+        inst.__vmzDomRoot = node;
+        container.appendChild(node);
+    }
+    if (typeof inst.onMount === 'function') {
+        await inst.onMount();
+    }
+    await settlePendingChildMounts(inst);
+    container.__vmzInst = inst;
+    return inst;
+}
+/**
+ * Nested Direct `component` schedules child onMount asynchronously; drain before return
+ * so SSR/hydrate callers see post-mount DOM (e.g. UserCard Ada, not Loading…).
+ * @param {object} inst
+ */
+export async function settlePendingChildMounts(inst) {
+    if (!inst || !Array.isArray(inst.__vmzPendingChildMounts) || !inst.__vmzPendingChildMounts.length)
+        return;
+    await Promise.all(inst.__vmzPendingChildMounts);
+    inst.__vmzPendingChildMounts = [];
+    const hosts = [];
+    const root = inst.__vmzDomRoot;
+    if (root && root.nodeType === 1) {
+        if (root.__vmzInst)
+            hosts.push(root.__vmzInst);
+        for (const el of root.querySelectorAll('[data-vmz]')) {
+            if (el.__vmzInst)
+                hosts.push(el.__vmzInst);
+        }
+    }
+    for (const child of hosts) {
+        await flushPending(child);
+        await settlePendingChildMounts(child);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Direct create only (production Direct emit).
+ * @param {new (props?: object) => any} Component
+ * @param {object} inst
+ */
+async function createFromComponent(Component, inst) {
+    if (Component && Component.__vmzDirect && typeof Component.__vmzCreate === 'function') {
+        return runDirectCreate(Component, inst);
+    }
+    throw new Error(`vmz:dom mount requires __vmzCreate (Direct); blueprint render() removed (production Direct emit)`);
+}
+/**
+ * @param {new (props?: object) => any} Component
+ * @param {object} inst
+ */
+export function runDirectCreate(Component, inst) {
+    // Nested component creates (e.g. Button inside parent ifBlock branch) must not
+    // leak bindAttr/bindText into the parent's `_branchBinds` / `_itemPatches` sink —
+    // that steals numeric BindingIds (0) and corrupts parent deps (density → type).
+    const prevInst = directApi._inst;
+    const prevBranch = directApi._branchBinds;
+    const prevItems = directApi._itemPatches;
+    const prevEach = directApi._eachCtx;
+    directApi._inst = inst;
+    directApi._branchBinds = null;
+    directApi._itemPatches = null;
+    directApi._eachCtx = null;
+    try {
+        return Component.__vmzCreate.call(inst, directApi);
+    }
+    finally {
+        directApi._inst = prevInst;
+        directApi._branchBinds = prevBranch;
+        directApi._itemPatches = prevItems;
+        directApi._eachCtx = prevEach;
+    }
+}
+/** Host API for compiler-emitted `__vmzCreate` (direct path, Program IR B). */
+export const directApi = {
+    /** @type {object | null} */
+    _inst: null,
+    /** @type {Array<{ deps: string[], fn: => any, bindingId?: number|string|null }> | null} */
+    _branchBinds: null,
+    /** @type {Array< => void> | null} */
+    _itemPatches: null,
+    /**
+     * Active keyed-each context (/): item binds + event delegation.
+     * @type {null | {
+     * noteItemBind: (bindingId: number|string|null, deps: string[], fn: => void) => void,
+     * needDelegate: (type: string) => void,
+     * }}
+     */
+    _eachCtx: null,
+    el(tag) {
+        noteDomCreate();
+        return document.createElement(tag || 'div');
+    },
+    text(value) {
+        noteDomCreate();
+        return document.createTextNode(value == null ? '' : String(value));
+    },
+    frag() {
+        noteDomCreate();
+        return document.createDocumentFragment();
+    },
+    attr(el, name, value) {
+        applyDomAttr(el, name, value);
+    },
+    on(el, type, handler) {
+        const inst = directApi._inst;
+        if (directApi._eachCtx && typeof handler === 'function') {
+            /** @type {Record<string, Function>} */
+            const bag = el.__vmzEvt || (el.__vmzEvt = Object.create(null));
+            bag[type] = handler;
+            directApi._eachCtx.needDelegate(type);
+            return;
+        }
+        // Infer once at bind time — never Function#toString on the click hot path.
+        const methodHint = typeof handler === 'function' ? inferHandlerMethod(handler) : null;
+        if (methodHint && methodAllowsSyncEventFlush(inst, methodHint)) {
+            // Direct method bind: skip arrow wrapper + nested handler.call.
+            el.addEventListener(type, (ev) => {
+                if (type === 'submit' && ev && typeof ev.preventDefault === 'function') {
+                    ev.preventDefault();
+                }
+                runDomEventHandler(inst, methodHint, () => {
+                    const m = inst[methodHint];
+                    if (typeof m === 'function')
+                        return m.call(inst, ev);
+                    return handler.call(inst, ev);
+                });
+            });
+            return;
+        }
+        el.addEventListener(type, (ev) => {
+            // Belt-and-suspenders: form submit must not navigate before handler runs.
+            if (type === 'submit' && ev && typeof ev.preventDefault === 'function') {
+                ev.preventDefault();
+            }
+            if (typeof handler === 'function') {
+                runDomEventHandler(inst, methodHint, () => handler.call(inst, ev));
+            }
+        });
+    },
+    /**
+     * Bind a named instance method (no arrow / Function#toString).
+     * Learns `skipFlush` after a sync invocation that schedules no dirty work
+     * (stride / transpose self-apply DOM).
+     * @param {Element} el
+     * @param {string} type
+     * @param {string} methodName
+     * @param {{ skipFlush?: boolean } | null | undefined} [opts]
+     */
+    onMethod(el, type, methodName, opts) {
+        const inst = directApi._inst;
+        let skipFlush = !!(opts && opts.skipFlush);
+        el.addEventListener(type, (ev) => {
+            if (type === 'submit' && ev && typeof ev.preventDefault === 'function') {
+                ev.preventDefault();
+            }
+            const m = inst[methodName];
+            if (typeof m !== 'function')
+                return;
+            if (skipFlush) {
+                m.call(inst, ev);
+                return;
+            }
+            beginEventFlush(inst);
+            try {
+                m.call(inst, ev);
+            }
+            finally {
+                const scheduled = !!inst.__vmzFlushScheduled;
+                endEventFlush(inst);
+                // Barrier-owned methods (stride/transpose) never schedule → skip frame next time.
+                if (!scheduled && methodAllowsSyncEventFlush(inst, methodName)) {
+                    skipFlush = true;
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    },
+    /**
+     * @param {object} inst
+     * @param {number|string|null} bindingId
+     * @param {string[]} deps
+     * @param {() => any} get
+     * @param {Text} textNode
+     * @param {{ stable: string[], branches: Array<{ cond?: => any, deps: string[] }> } | null | undefined} [cf]
+     */
+    bindText(inst, bindingId, deps, get, textNode, cf) {
+        wireDirectBind(inst, bindingId, deps, get, (raw) => {
+            textNode.textContent = String(raw ?? '');
+        }, cf);
+    },
+    /**
+     * @param {object} inst
+     * @param {number|string|null} bindingId
+     * @param {string[]} deps
+     * @param {() => any} get
+     * @param {Element} el
+     * @param {string} name
+     * @param {{ stable: string[], branches: Array<{ cond?: => any, deps: string[] }> } | null | undefined} [cf]
+     */
+    bindAttr(inst, bindingId, deps, get, el, name, cf) {
+        wireDirectBind(inst, bindingId, deps, get, (raw) => {
+            if (name === 'class' || name === 'className') {
+                const s = String(raw ?? '');
+                if (s)
+                    el.setAttribute('class', s);
+                else if (el.hasAttribute('class'))
+                    el.removeAttribute('class');
+            }
+            else {
+                applyDomAttr(el, name, raw);
+            }
+        }, cf);
+    },
+    setHtml(el, value) {
+        el.innerHTML = value == null ? '' : String(value);
+    },
+    /**
+     * Trusted HTML binding (`html={expr}`). Author/plugin responsibility.
+     * @param {object} inst
+     * @param {number|string|null} bindingId
+     * @param {string[]} deps
+     * @param {() => any} get
+     * @param {Element} el
+     * @param {{ stable: string[], branches: Array<{ cond?: => any, deps: string[] }> } | null | undefined} [cf]
+     */
+    bindHtml(inst, bindingId, deps, get, el, cf) {
+        wireDirectBind(inst, bindingId, deps, get, (raw) => {
+            el.innerHTML = raw == null ? '' : String(raw);
+        }, cf);
+    },
+    /**
+     * Nested component (sync Direct child or island schedule).
+     * @param {object} hostInst
+     * @param {string} name
+     * @param {Record<string, any>} props
+     * @param {string | null} client
+     */
+    component(hostInst, name, props, client) {
+        noteDomCreate();
+        const host = document.createElement('div');
+        host.setAttribute('data-vmz', name);
+        /** @type {Record<string, any>} */
+        const resolved = {};
+        for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(props || {})) {
+            if (typeof v === 'function' && isEventPropName(k))
+                resolved[k] = v;
+            else if (typeof v === 'function')
+                resolved[k] = v.call(hostInst);
+            else
+                resolved[k] = v;
+        }
+        if (client) {
+            host.setAttribute('data-vmz-island', name);
+            host.setAttribute('data-vmz-client', String(client));
+            host.setAttribute('data-vmz-props', JSON.stringify(stripFns(resolved)));
+            if (isEventEntryStrategy(String(client))) {
+                host.setAttribute('data-vmz-entry', 'event');
+            }
+            // resume: resume on schedule; EventEntry may lazy-load chunk via __vmzLoadComponent.
+            scheduleClientOn(host, String(client), async () => {
+                const Ctor = await resolveComponent(name);
+                if (!Ctor)
+                    throw new Error(`vmz:dom unknown component <${name} />`);
+                await resume(Ctor, host, { props: resolved, state: {} });
+            });
+            return host;
+        }
+        const Ctor = components[name];
+        if (!Ctor)
+            throw new Error(`vmz:dom unknown component <${name} />`);
+        const child = createInstance(Ctor, resolved);
+        if (!(Ctor.__vmzDirect && typeof Ctor.__vmzCreate === 'function')) {
+            throw new Error(`vmz:dom direct component <${name}> requires __vmzCreate (rebuild child with Direct)`);
+        }
+        const node = runDirectCreate(Ctor, child);
+        if (node) {
+            child.__vmzDomRoot = node;
+            host.appendChild(node);
+        }
+        host.__vmzInst = child;
+        if (typeof child.onMount === 'function') {
+            const pending = Promise.resolve().then(() => {
+                if (!child.__vmzDestroyed)
+                    return child.onMount();
+            });
+            const bag = hostInst.__vmzPendingChildMounts || (hostInst.__vmzPendingChildMounts = []);
+            bag.push(pending);
+        }
+        return host;
+    },
+    /**
+     * Keep nested Direct child props live with parent field writes.
+     * @param {object} hostInst
+     * @param {HTMLElement} hostEl
+     * @param {string} propName
+     * @param {string[]} deps
+     * @param {() => any} get
+     */
+    bindComponentProp(hostInst, hostEl, propName, deps, get) {
+        // Use a stable BindingId so flushPending schedules this patch via the IR
+        // path. A null bindingId only lands in `__vmzBinders` and was skipped when
+        // the same parent field also had bindText/bindAttr BindingIds.
+        if (hostEl && hostEl.__vmzPropBindSeq == null) {
+            hostEl.__vmzPropBindSeq = ++directPropBindSeq;
+        }
+        const seq = hostEl && hostEl.__vmzPropBindSeq != null ? hostEl.__vmzPropBindSeq : ++directPropBindSeq;
+        const bindingId = `pc:${seq}:${propName}`;
+        wireDirectBind(hostInst, bindingId, deps, get, (raw) => {
+            const child = hostEl && hostEl.__vmzInst;
+            if (!child || child.__vmzDestroyed)
+                return;
+            if (typeof propName !== 'string' || !propName || propName.startsWith('#'))
+                return;
+            child[propName] = raw;
+            scheduleRefresh(child, { type: 'replace', root: propName });
+        });
+    },
+    /**
+     * Project parent children into nested Direct component default `<slot>`.
+     * @param {HTMLElement} hostEl
+     * @param {Node} node
+     */
+    projectDefaultSlot(hostEl, node) {
+        if (!hostEl || node == null)
+            return;
+        const child = hostEl.__vmzInst;
+        const root = (child && child.__vmzDomRoot) || hostEl;
+        /** @type {Element | null} */
+        let slot = null;
+        if (root && root.nodeType === 1) {
+            if (String(root.tagName || '').toLowerCase() === 'slot' && !root.getAttribute('name')) {
+                slot = root;
+            }
+            else if (typeof root.querySelector === 'function') {
+                slot = root.querySelector('slot:not([name])');
+            }
+        }
+        if (slot && slot.parentNode) {
+            slot.replaceWith(node);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (root && typeof root.appendChild === 'function')
+            root.appendChild(node);
+        else
+            hostEl.appendChild(node);
+    },
+    /**
+     * Direct if/else — no blueprint `kind: "if"` dispatch.
+     * @param {object} inst
+     * @param {number|string|null} bindingId
+     * @param {string[]} deps
+     * @param {Array<{ cond?: => any, create: (api: typeof directApi) => Node }>} branches
+     * @param {number|string|null} [regionId]
+     */
+    ifBlock(inst, bindingId, deps, branches, regionId = null) {
+        noteDomCreate();
+        const host = document.createElement('span');
+        host.setAttribute('data-vmz-if', '');
+        if (regionId != null)
+            host.setAttribute('data-vmz-region', String(regionId));
+        /** @type {Array<Node | null>} */
+        const cached = branches.map(() => null);
+        /** @type {Array<Array<{ deps: string[], fn: => any, bindingId?: number|string|null }>>} */
+        const branchBinds = branches.map(() => []);
+        let active = -1;
+        let gen = 0;
+        const pick = () => {
+            for (let i = 0; i < branches.length; i++) {
+                const b = branches[i];
+                if (!b.cond)
+                    return i;
+                try {
+                    if (b.cond.call(inst))
+                        return i;
+                }
+                catch {
+                    /* continue */
+                }
+            }
+            return -1;
+        };
+        const wireBranch = (idx) => {
+            if (idx < 0)
+                return;
+            for (const { deps: d, fn, bindingId: bid } of branchBinds[idx]) {
+                registerBind(inst, d, fn, bid);
+                try {
+                    runPatch(fn, (d && d[0]) || null, bid ?? null);
+                }
+                catch (err) {
+                    console.error('vmz:dom if branch', err);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        const unwireBranch = (idx) => {
+            if (idx < 0)
+                return;
+            for (const { deps: d, fn, bindingId: bid } of branchBinds[idx]) {
+                unregisterBind(inst, d, fn, bid);
+            }
+        };
+        const apply = () => {
+            if (inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                return;
+            const applied = ++gen;
+            const next = pick();
+            if (next === active)
+                return;
+            if (next >= 0 && !cached[next]) {
+                const binds = [];
+                const prevSink = directApi._branchBinds;
+                const prevInst = directApi._inst;
+                directApi._branchBinds = binds;
+                directApi._inst = inst;
+                let created = null;
+                try {
+                    created = branches[next].create.call(inst, directApi);
+                }
+                finally {
+                    directApi._branchBinds = prevSink;
+                    directApi._inst = prevInst;
+                }
+                if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                    return;
+                if (!cached[next]) {
+                    cached[next] = created;
+                    branchBinds[next] = binds;
+                }
+            }
+            if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                return;
+            if (active >= 0) {
+                unwireBranch(active);
+                if (cached[active] && cached[active].parentNode) {
+                    noteDomRemove();
+                    cached[active].remove();
+                }
+            }
+            active = next;
+            if (next < 0)
+                return;
+            wireBranch(next);
+            if (cached[next])
+                host.appendChild(cached[next]);
+        };
+        registerBind(inst, deps || [], apply, bindingId);
+        if (directApi._itemPatches)
+            directApi._itemPatches.push(apply);
+        // parent destroy disposes all cached branch trees (pause ≠ destroy on switch).
+        host.__vmzDispose = () => {
+            for (let i = 0; i < cached.length; i++) {
+                unwireBranch(i);
+                if (cached[i])
+                    disposeDomTree(cached[i]);
+                cached[i] = null;
+            }
+            active = -1;
+        };
+        apply();
+        return host;
+    },
+    /**
+     * Direct keyed each — no blueprint `kind: "each"` dispatch.
+     * /: Set/Map + Fragment batch insert; item-local binds; host field dispatch; event delegate.
+     * @param {object} inst
+     * @param {number|string|null} bindingId
+     * @param {string[]} deps
+     * @param {{ as?: string, list: => any, key?: (box: {item:any,index:number}) => any, createItem: (api: typeof directApi, box: {item:any,index:number}) => Node }} spec
+     * @param {number|string|null} [regionId]
+     */
+    eachBlock(inst, bindingId, deps, spec, regionId = null) {
+        const start = document.createComment(`vmz-each:${spec.as || ''}`);
+        const end = document.createComment('/vmz-each');
+        if (regionId != null)
+            start.__vmzRegion = regionId;
+        const frag = document.createDocumentFragment();
+        frag.appendChild(start);
+        frag.appendChild(end);
+        /** @type {Map<any, { box: { item: any, index: number }, dom: Node, patches: Array< => void> }>} */
+        const keyed = new Map();
+        let gen = 0;
+        /** @type {Map<string, => void>} */
+        const listDispatchers = new Map();
+        /** @type {Set<string>} */
+        const hostDispatchers = new Set();
+        /** @type {Record<string, any>} */
+        const hostPrev = Object.create(null);
+        /** @type {Set<string>} */
+        const delegateTypes = new Set();
+        /** @type {Record<string, EventListener>} */
+        const delegateListeners = Object.create(null);
+        /** @type {Element | null} */
+        let delegateRoot = null;
+        const itemKey = (box) => {
+            if (rowKeyField != null && box && box.item != null) {
+                return box.item[rowKeyField];
+            }
+            if (typeof spec.key === 'function') {
+                try {
+                    return spec.key.call(inst, box);
+                }
+                catch {
+                    return box.index;
+                }
+            }
+            return box.index;
+        };
+        /** Reused for keyed lookups — avoid per-row `{item,index}` alloc on create/update. */
+        const keyScratch = { item: null, index: 0 };
+        const keyOf = (item, index) => {
+            keyScratch.item = item;
+            keyScratch.index = index;
+            return itemKey(keyScratch);
+        };
+        const readList = () => {
+            let list = [];
+            try {
+                list = spec.list.call(inst) || [];
+            }
+            catch {
+                list = [];
+            }
+            if (!Array.isArray(list))
+                list = [...list];
+            return list;
+        };
+        const runEntryPatches = (entry, depKey, onlyBindingId) => {
+            if (!entry)
+                return;
+            if (entryIsBp(entry) && applyBp) {
+                if (onlyBindingId != null && blueprintBindIds && !blueprintBindIds.has(String(onlyBindingId))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                try {
+                    // depKey: item field, host field, or null → full apply (slot-aware rowKernel).
+                    applyBp(entry, depKey);
+                }
+                catch (err) {
+                    console.error('vmz:dom each item', err);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!entry.patches)
+                return;
+            for (const p of entry.patches) {
+                if (onlyBindingId != null) {
+                    if (p.__vmzBindingIds) {
+                        if (!p.__vmzBindingIds.has(String(onlyBindingId)))
+                            continue;
+                    }
+                    else if (p.__vmzBindingId != null && String(p.__vmzBindingId) !== String(onlyBindingId)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+                try {
+                    runPatch(p, depKey, onlyBindingId);
+                }
+                catch (err) {
+                    console.error('vmz:dom each item', err);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        const refreshByListIndex = (onlyBindingId, leafDeps, trie) => {
+            const list = readList();
+            const allowIdx = itemIndicesAllowedForDeps(trie, leafDeps);
+            const listRoot = depRootField((leafDeps && leafDeps[0]) || '') || (leafDeps && leafDeps[0]) || '';
+            // Batch monomorphic path: every dirty index shares one item field → one applyByField fn.
+            // Skips per-index dirtyItemFieldsAt + runEntryPatches (update-every-10th hot path).
+            // Note: list dispatcher passes BindingId (`__vmzRk`); do not require onlyBindingId == null.
+            if (hasRowKernel && rkApplyByField && allowIdx && allowIdx.size && listRoot) {
+                if (onlyBindingId == null || !blueprintBindIds || blueprintBindIds.has(String(onlyBindingId))) {
+                    const field = soleDirtyItemField(trie, listRoot, allowIdx);
+                    if (field) {
+                        const f = rkApplyByField[field];
+                        if (typeof f === 'function') {
+                            // Text-only slots need no `this`; host class slots do.
+                            const needsThis = rkHostFieldSet.has(field);
+                            const entries = entryByIndex;
+                            const nList = list.length;
+                            if (needsThis) {
+                                for (const idx of allowIdx) {
+                                    const i = Number(idx);
+                                    if (i < 0 || i >= nList)
+                                        continue;
+                                    const item = list[i];
+                                    let entry = entries[i];
+                                    if (!entry) {
+                                        entry = keyed.get(rowKeyOf(item, i));
+                                        if (entry)
+                                            entries[i] = entry;
+                                    }
+                                    if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1)
+                                        continue;
+                                    if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                                        entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                                    f.call(inst, entry, item);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                for (const idx of allowIdx) {
+                                    const i = Number(idx);
+                                    if (i < 0 || i >= nList)
+                                        continue;
+                                    const item = list[i];
+                                    let entry = entries[i];
+                                    if (!entry) {
+                                        entry = keyed.get(rowKeyOf(item, i));
+                                        if (entry)
+                                            entries[i] = entry;
+                                    }
+                                    if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1)
+                                        continue;
+                                    if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                                        entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                                    f(entry, item);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            const runAt = (i) => {
+                if (i < 0 || i >= list.length)
+                    return;
+                const item = list[i];
+                let entry = entryByIndex[i];
+                if (!entry) {
+                    entry = keyed.get(rowKeyOf(item, i));
+                    if (entry)
+                        entryByIndex[i] = entry;
+                }
+                if (!entry)
+                    return;
+                const slots = dirtyItemFieldsAt(trie, listRoot, i);
+                // Hot leaf: monomorphic applyByField — no Map miss, no runEntryPatches wrapper.
+                if (hasRowKernel && entry.nodeType === 1 && rkApplyByField && slots && slots.length === 1) {
+                    if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                        entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                    const slot = slots[0];
+                    const f = rkApplyByField[slot];
+                    if (typeof f === 'function') {
+                        if (rkHostFieldSet.has(slot))
+                            f.call(inst, entry, item);
+                        else
+                            f(entry, item);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (entry.nodeType === 1)
+                    entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                else {
+                    entry.item = item;
+                    entry.index = i;
+                    if (entry.dom && entry.bp)
+                        entry.dom.__vmzBox = item;
+                }
+                if (entry.patches)
+                    tagItemPatches(entry.patches, i);
+                if (slots == null) {
+                    runEntryPatches(entry, null, onlyBindingId);
+                }
+                else if (slots.length) {
+                    for (const slot of slots)
+                        runEntryPatches(entry, slot, onlyBindingId);
+                }
+            };
+            if (allowIdx) {
+                for (const idx of allowIdx)
+                    runAt(Number(idx));
+                return;
+            }
+            for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++)
+                runAt(i);
+        };
+        const refreshHostKeyed = (fields, onlyBindingId) => {
+            for (const field of fields) {
+                const next = inst[field];
+                const prev = hostPrev[field];
+                hostPrev[field] = next;
+                const todo = [];
+                if (prev !== undefined && prev !== null)
+                    todo.push(prev);
+                if (next !== undefined && next !== null && next !== prev)
+                    todo.push(next);
+                for (const k of todo) {
+                    const entry = keyed.get(k);
+                    if (!entry)
+                        continue;
+                    if (hasRowKernel && entry.nodeType === 1 && rkApplyByField) {
+                        const f = rkApplyByField[field];
+                        if (typeof f === 'function') {
+                            f.call(inst, entry, entry.__vmzBox);
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    runEntryPatches(entry, field, onlyBindingId);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        const ensureListDispatcher = (bId, leafDeps) => {
+            if (bId == null)
+                return;
+            const idKey = String(bId);
+            if (listDispatchers.has(idKey))
+                return;
+            const dispatch = () => {
+                if (inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                    return;
+                const trie = inst.__vmzFlushTrie;
+                const hostFields = [];
+                let listReplaced = false;
+                for (const d of leafDeps || []) {
+                    if (!d)
+                        continue;
+                    if (d.includes('.*') || (d.includes('[') && d.includes(']'))) {
+                        const root = depRootField(d);
+                        if (trie && root && trie[root] && trie[root].replace)
+                            listReplaced = true;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    hostFields.push(depRootField(d) || d);
+                }
+                const hostDirty = !!trie &&
+                    hostFields.some((f) => {
+                        const n = trie[f];
+                        return n && (n.replace || n.dirty);
+                    });
+                // Full list replace is owned by eachBlock apply() — skip leaf re-walk.
+                if (listReplaced && !hostDirty)
+                    return;
+                if (hostDirty && hostFields.length) {
+                    refreshHostKeyed(hostFields, bId);
+                    return;
+                }
+                refreshByListIndex(bId, leafDeps, trie);
+            };
+            listDispatchers.set(idKey, dispatch);
+            registerBind(inst, leafDeps || [], dispatch, bId);
+        };
+        const ensureHostDispatcher = (field) => {
+            if (!field || hostDispatchers.has(field))
+                return;
+            hostDispatchers.add(field);
+            const dispatch = () => {
+                if (inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                    return;
+                refreshHostKeyed([field], null);
+            };
+            registerBind(inst, [field], dispatch, null);
+        };
+        const noteItemBind = (bId, bindDeps, fn) => {
+            fn.__vmzItemDeps = Array.isArray(bindDeps) ? bindDeps.slice() : [];
+            fn.__vmzBindingId = bId;
+            const leaf = fn.__vmzItemDeps;
+            if (bId != null) {
+                // One dispatcher per BindingId also covers bare host fields (e.g. selected).
+                ensureListDispatcher(bId, leaf);
+                return;
+            }
+            for (const d of leaf) {
+                if (!d)
+                    continue;
+                if (d.includes('.*') || (d.includes('[') && d.includes(']')))
+                    continue;
+                const root = depRootField(d) || d;
+                if (root && root.indexOf('.') < 0)
+                    ensureHostDispatcher(root);
+            }
+        };
+        const teardownDelegate = () => {
+            if (!delegateRoot)
+                return;
+            for (const type of Object.keys(delegateListeners)) {
+                delegateRoot.removeEventListener(type, delegateListeners[type]);
+                delete delegateListeners[type];
+            }
+            delegateRoot = null;
+        };
+        const ensureDelegateAttached = () => {
+            const parent = end.parentNode;
+            if (!parent || parent.nodeType !== 1)
+                return;
+            if (delegateRoot && delegateRoot !== parent)
+                teardownDelegate();
+            delegateRoot = /** @type {Element} */ (parent);
+            for (const type of delegateTypes) {
+                if (delegateListeners[type])
+                    continue;
+                const listener = (ev) => {
+                    if (type === 'submit' && ev && typeof ev.preventDefault === 'function') {
+                        ev.preventDefault();
+                    }
+                    let n = /** @type {Node | null} */ (ev.target);
+                    while (n && n !== delegateRoot) {
+                        if (n.nodeType === 1) {
+                            const el = /** @type {Element} */ (n);
+                            const act = el.__vmzAct || (el.__vmzAct = el.getAttribute('data-vmz-act'));
+                            if (typeof act === 'string' && act) {
+                                actionHandler(act).call(inst, ev, el);
+                                return;
+                            }
+                            const bag = el.__vmzEvt;
+                            if (bag && typeof bag[type] === 'function') {
+                                // Pass the element so shared each-item handlers can read __vmzBox.
+                                const h = bag[type];
+                                runDomEventHandler(inst, inferHandlerMethod(h), () => h.call(inst, ev, el));
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        n = n.parentNode;
+                    }
+                };
+                delegateListeners[type] = listener;
+                delegateRoot.addEventListener(type, listener);
+            }
+        };
+        const needDelegate = (type) => {
+            if (!type)
+                return;
+            delegateTypes.add(type);
+            ensureDelegateAttached();
+        };
+        const eachCtx = { noteItemBind, needDelegate };
+        const clearDomEvt = (root) => {
+            if (!root || root.nodeType !== 1)
+                return;
+            const walk = (node) => {
+                if (node.nodeType === 1) {
+                    if (node.__vmzEvt)
+                        node.__vmzEvt = null;
+                    if (node.__vmzBox)
+                        node.__vmzBox = null;
+                    if (node.__vmzAct)
+                        node.__vmzAct = null;
+                    if (node.__vmzKey != null)
+                        node.__vmzKey = null;
+                    for (let c = node.firstChild; c; c = c.nextSibling)
+                        walk(c);
+                }
+            };
+            walk(root);
+        };
+        const pathFromRoot = (root, node) => {
+            /** @type {number[]} */
+            const path = [];
+            let n = /** @type {Node | null} */ (node);
+            while (n && n !== root) {
+                const parent = n.parentNode;
+                if (!parent)
+                    return null;
+                let i = 0;
+                for (let c = parent.firstChild; c; c = c.nextSibling) {
+                    if (c === n)
+                        break;
+                    i++;
+                }
+                path.push(i);
+                n = parent;
+            }
+            if (n !== root)
+                return null;
+            path.reverse();
+            return path;
+        };
+        const nodeAtPath = (root, path) => {
+            let n = /** @type {Node | null} */ (root);
+            for (let i = 0; i < path.length; i++) {
+                if (!n)
+                    return null;
+                n = n.childNodes[path[i]] || null;
+            }
+            return n;
+        };
+        /**
+         * Shared each-item event handlers (one per method name for the whole block).
+         * Element carries `__vmzBox`; delegate passes the element as 2nd arg.
+         * @type {Record<string, (ev: Event, el: Element) => void>}
+         */
+        const sharedActions = Object.create(null);
+        /** @type {Record<string, string>} method → item field for action arg (fallback blueprint). */
+        const actionArgFields = Object.create(null);
+        const actionHandler = (method) => {
+            if (!sharedActions[method]) {
+                sharedActions[method] = function (ev, el) {
+                    let n = /** @type {Node | null} */ (el);
+                    while (n && n.nodeType === 1) {
+                        const box = /** @type {Element} */ (n).__vmzBox;
+                        if (box) {
+                            const item = box.item != null ? box.item : box;
+                            const argField = rowActArgField != null ? rowActArgField : actionArgFields[method] != null ? actionArgFields[method] : null;
+                            if (argField == null || item == null)
+                                return;
+                            const arg = item[argField];
+                            const fn = this[method];
+                            if (typeof fn === 'function') {
+                                runDomEventHandler(this, method, () => fn.call(this, arg));
+                            }
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        n = n.parentNode;
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+            return sharedActions[method];
+        };
+        /**
+         * @returns {{ method: string, argField: string } | null}
+         */
+        const parseActionMethod = (handler) => {
+            if (typeof handler !== 'function')
+                return null;
+            try {
+                const src = Function.prototype.toString.call(handler);
+                // this.m(box.item.<field>) — field from author surface.
+                const m = src.match(/this\.([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)\s*\(\s*[A-Za-z_$][\w$]*\.item\.([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)\s*\)/);
+                return m ? { method: m[1], argField: m[2] } : null;
+            }
+            catch {
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+        /**
+         * Row blueprint: first createItem records dynamic slots; later rows clone + hydrate
+         * without re-running compiled createItem (avoids per-row get/CF/on closures).
+         * @type {null | {
+         *   tpl: Element,
+         *   texts: Array<{ path: number[], bindingId: any, deps: string[], field: string, get: (root: Element) => Node }>,
+         *   attrs: Array<{ path: number[], bindingId: any, deps: string[], name: string, onVal: string, offVal: string, get: (root: Element) => Element }>,
+         *   ons: Array<{ path: number[], type: string, method: string, get: (root: Element) => Element }>,
+         *   bindIds: Set<string>,
+         * }}
+         */
+        let blueprint = null;
+        let blueprintOk = true;
+        /** @type {Set<string> | null} */
+        let blueprintBindIds = null;
+        /** @type {null | ((root: Element, entry: any) => void)} */
+        let hydrateBp = null;
+        /** @type {null | ((entry: any) => void)} */
+        let applyBp = null;
+        /**
+         * Compile-time rowKernel installed — static HTML rows, no nested component dispose.
+         * Shape-specific walks live in emitted hydrate/apply (Rust), not here.
+         */
+        let hasRowKernel = false;
+        /** @type {Record<string, (root: Element, item: any) => void> | null} */
+        let rkApplyByField = null;
+        /** @type {Record<string, number> | null} */
+        let rkTextSlots = null;
+        /** Host fields whose applyByField needs `this` (class ternaries). */
+        let rkHostFieldSet = new Set();
+        /** Parallel to list index → entry (Element or bp). Leaf updates skip Map.get(id). */
+        /** @type {any[]} */
+        let entryByIndex = [];
+        /** @type {string | null} item field used as key when rowKernel.keyField is set */
+        let rowKeyField = null;
+        /** @type {string | null} item field passed to delegated actions (from rowKernel.actArgField) */
+        let rowActArgField = null;
+        /** Recycle object bp entries (runtime-recorded blueprint fallback). */
+        /** @type {any[]} */
+        const entryPool = [];
+        const allocBpEntry = () => {
+            const e = entryPool.pop();
+            if (e)
+                return e;
+            return { item: null, dom: null, bp: 1, t0: null, t1: null };
+        };
+        const releaseBpEntry = (entry) => {
+            if (!entry)
+                return;
+            // DOM-as-entry (Element): drop expandos.
+            if (entry.nodeType === 1) {
+                entry.__vmzBox = null;
+                entry.__vmzT = null;
+                entry.__vmzE = null;
+                entry.__vmzTexts = null;
+                entry.__vmzBp = null;
+                return;
+            }
+            if (!entry.bp || entryPool.length >= 4096)
+                return;
+            entry.item = null;
+            entry.dom = null;
+            entry.t0 = null;
+            entry.t1 = null;
+            entry.a0 = null;
+            entry.patches = null;
+            entryPool.push(entry);
+        };
+        const entryDom = (entry) => (entry && entry.nodeType === 1 ? entry : entry && entry.dom);
+        const entryIsBp = (entry) => !!(entry && (entry.nodeType === 1 || entry.bp || entry.__vmzBp));
+        const entryItem = (entry) => {
+            if (!entry)
+                return null;
+            if (entry.nodeType === 1)
+                return entry.__vmzBox;
+            if (entry.bp)
+                return entry.item;
+            return entry.box && entry.box.item;
+        };
+        const rowKeyOf = (item, index) => {
+            if (rowKeyField != null && item != null)
+                return item[rowKeyField];
+            return keyOf(item, index);
+        };
+        /** Drop all row DOM between markers; rowKernel rows skip per-node dispose walks. */
+        const fastWipeRows = () => {
+            const parent = end.parentNode;
+            if (!parent) {
+                keyed.clear();
+                entryByIndex.length = 0;
+                return;
+            }
+            let node = start.nextSibling;
+            if (node && node !== end) {
+                if (hasRowKernel || (blueprint && blueprintOk)) {
+                    const range = document.createRange();
+                    range.setStartBefore(node);
+                    range.setEndBefore(end);
+                    range.deleteContents();
+                }
+                else {
+                    while (node && node !== end) {
+                        const next = node.nextSibling;
+                        noteDomRemove();
+                        clearDomEvt(node);
+                        disposeDomTree(node);
+                        node.remove();
+                        node = next;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            for (const [, entry] of keyed)
+                releaseBpEntry(entry);
+            keyed.clear();
+            entryByIndex.length = 0;
+        };
+        /** Rebuild index→entry after fresh create (rowKernel.create only fills keyed Map). */
+        const rebuildEntryByIndex = (list) => {
+            const n = list.length;
+            entryByIndex = new Array(n);
+            for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                entryByIndex[i] = keyed.get(rowKeyOf(list[i], i));
+            }
+        };
+        const makeChildGetter = (path) => {
+            const len = path.length;
+            if (len === 0)
+                return (root) => root;
+            if (len === 1) {
+                const a = path[0];
+                return (root) => root.childNodes[a];
+            }
+            if (len === 2) {
+                const a = path[0];
+                const b = path[1];
+                return (root) => root.childNodes[a].childNodes[b];
+            }
+            if (len === 3) {
+                const a = path[0];
+                const b = path[1];
+                const c = path[2];
+                return (root) => root.childNodes[a].childNodes[b].childNodes[c];
+            }
+            return (root) => {
+                let n = /** @type {Node} */ (root);
+                for (let i = 0; i < len; i++)
+                    n = n.childNodes[path[i]];
+                return n;
+            };
+        };
+        const userCreateItem = spec.createItem;
+        // Compile-time row kernel (Rust Direct emit) — skip runtime blueprint recording.
+        if (spec.rowKernel && typeof spec.rowKernel.html === 'string' && typeof spec.rowKernel.hydrate === 'function') {
+            try {
+                const tplHost = document.createElement('template');
+                tplHost.innerHTML = spec.rowKernel.html;
+                const row = tplHost.content.firstElementChild;
+                if (row && row.nodeType === 1) {
+                    blueprint = {
+                        tpl: /** @type {Element} */ (row.cloneNode(true)),
+                        texts: [],
+                        attrs: [],
+                        ons: [],
+                        bindIds: new Set(),
+                    };
+                    blueprintOk = true;
+                    hasRowKernel = true;
+                    rowKeyField = typeof spec.rowKernel.keyField === 'string' && spec.rowKernel.keyField ? spec.rowKernel.keyField : null;
+                    rowActArgField =
+                        typeof spec.rowKernel.actArgField === 'string' && spec.rowKernel.actArgField ? spec.rowKernel.actArgField : null;
+                    blueprintBindIds = new Set(['__vmzRk']);
+                    for (const ev of spec.rowKernel.events || [])
+                        needDelegate(ev);
+                    rkHostFieldSet = new Set();
+                    for (const hf of spec.rowKernel.hostFields || []) {
+                        if (typeof hf === 'string' && hf) {
+                            rkHostFieldSet.add(hf);
+                            ensureHostDispatcher(hf);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // Leaf path writes (`rows.0.label`) need `rows.*.label`, not bare `rows.*`.
+                    {
+                        const listRoot = depRootField((deps && deps[0]) || '') || (deps && deps[0]) || '';
+                        if (listRoot) {
+                            /** @type {string[]} */
+                            const leafDeps = [`${listRoot}.*`];
+                            const fields = Array.isArray(spec.rowKernel.itemFields) ? spec.rowKernel.itemFields : [];
+                            for (const f of fields) {
+                                if (typeof f === 'string' && f)
+                                    leafDeps.push(`${listRoot}.*.${f}`);
+                            }
+                            ensureListDispatcher('__vmzRk', leafDeps);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    const rkHydrate = spec.rowKernel.hydrate;
+                    const rkApply = spec.rowKernel.apply;
+                    // Assign outer binding — do not shadow with const (leaf hot path reads it).
+                    rkApplyByField =
+                        spec.rowKernel.applyByField && typeof spec.rowKernel.applyByField === 'object' ? spec.rowKernel.applyByField : null;
+                    rkTextSlots = spec.rowKernel.textSlots && typeof spec.rowKernel.textSlots === 'object' ? spec.rowKernel.textSlots : null;
+                    hydrateBp = (root, entry) => {
+                        const item = entry && typeof entry === 'object' && 'item' in entry && entry.item != null
+                            ? entry.item
+                            : entry && entry.__vmzBox != null
+                                ? entry.__vmzBox
+                                : entry;
+                        rkHydrate.call(inst, root, item);
+                    };
+                    applyBp = (entry, slot) => {
+                        const root = entry && entry.nodeType === 1 ? entry : entry.dom;
+                        const item = entry && entry.nodeType === 1 ? entry.__vmzBox : entry.item;
+                        if (slot != null && rkApplyByField) {
+                            const f = rkApplyByField[slot];
+                            if (typeof f === 'function') {
+                                if (rkHostFieldSet.has(slot))
+                                    f.call(inst, root, item);
+                                else
+                                    f(root, item);
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (typeof rkApply === 'function')
+                            rkApply.call(inst, root, item);
+                    };
+                    // Event update: WritePath accumulates idxs → drain with one applyByField fn.
+                    const listRootForLeaf = depRootField((deps && deps[0]) || '') || (deps && deps[0]) || '';
+                    inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty = () => {
+                        const ld = inst.__vmzLeafDirty;
+                        if (!ld)
+                            return;
+                        if (!rkApplyByField || (listRootForLeaf && ld.root !== listRootForLeaf)) {
+                            promoteLeafDirtyToTrie(inst);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        const f = rkApplyByField[ld.field];
+                        if (typeof f !== 'function') {
+                            promoteLeafDirtyToTrie(inst);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        const idxs = ld.idxs;
+                        inst.__vmzLeafDirty = null;
+                        const list = readList();
+                        const entries = entryByIndex;
+                        const nList = list.length;
+                        if (rkHostFieldSet.has(ld.field)) {
+                            for (let k = 0; k < idxs.length; k++) {
+                                const i = idxs[k];
+                                if (i < 0 || i >= nList)
+                                    continue;
+                                const entry = entries[i];
+                                if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1)
+                                    continue;
+                                const item = list[i];
+                                if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                                    entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                                f.call(inst, entry, item);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            for (let k = 0; k < idxs.length; k++) {
+                                const i = idxs[k];
+                                if (i < 0 || i >= nList)
+                                    continue;
+                                const entry = entries[i];
+                                if (entry && entry.nodeType === 1)
+                                    f(entry, list[i]);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+            catch (err) {
+                console.error('vmz:dom rowKernel', err);
+                blueprint = null;
+                blueprintOk = true;
+                hasRowKernel = false;
+                rowKeyField = null;
+                rowActArgField = null;
+                hydrateBp = null;
+                applyBp = null;
+                rkApplyByField = null;
+                rkTextSlots = null;
+                rkHostFieldSet = new Set();
+                if (inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty)
+                    inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty = null;
+                inst.__vmzLeafDirty = null;
+            }
+        }
+        const probeItemField = (get, box) => {
+            const item = box.item;
+            if (!item || (typeof item !== 'object' && typeof item !== 'function'))
+                return null;
+            let field = null;
+            const proxy = new Proxy(item, {
+                get(t, p, r) {
+                    if (typeof p === 'string' || typeof p === 'symbol')
+                        field = String(p);
+                    return Reflect.get(t, p, r);
+                },
+            });
+            const prev = box.item;
+            box.item = proxy;
+            try {
+                get.call(inst);
+            }
+            catch {
+                /* ignore */
+            }
+            box.item = prev;
+            return field;
+        };
+        /**
+         * Probe on/off class strings for `this.<host> === item.<itemField> ? … : …`.
+         * Host/item field names come from binding deps — not hardcoded.
+         */
+        const probeHostItemClass = (get, box, hostField, itemField) => {
+            if (!hostField || !itemField)
+                return { onVal: '', offVal: '' };
+            const prev = inst[hostField];
+            const matchVal = box.item != null ? box.item[itemField] : undefined;
+            let onVal = '';
+            let offVal = '';
+            const quiet = !!inst.__vmzQuiet;
+            inst.__vmzQuiet = true;
+            try {
+                inst[hostField] = matchVal;
+                onVal = String(get.call(inst) ?? '');
+                // Distinct off value for number / other keys.
+                if (typeof matchVal === 'number') {
+                    inst[hostField] = matchVal === 0 ? -1 : 0;
+                    if (inst[hostField] === matchVal)
+                        inst[hostField] = undefined;
+                }
+                else {
+                    inst[hostField] = matchVal === '' ? '__vmz_off__' : '';
+                    if (inst[hostField] === matchVal)
+                        inst[hostField] = undefined;
+                }
+                offVal = String(get.call(inst) ?? '');
+            }
+            catch {
+                onVal = '';
+                offVal = '';
+            }
+            finally {
+                inst[hostField] = prev;
+                inst.__vmzQuiet = quiet;
+            }
+            return { onVal, offVal };
+        };
+        const sealBlueprintDispatchers = () => {
+            if (!blueprint || blueprintBindIds)
+                return;
+            /** @type {Set<string>} */
+            const ids = new Set();
+            for (const s of blueprint.texts) {
+                if (s.bindingId != null) {
+                    ids.add(String(s.bindingId));
+                    ensureListDispatcher(s.bindingId, s.deps);
+                }
+            }
+            for (const s of blueprint.attrs) {
+                if (s.bindingId != null) {
+                    ids.add(String(s.bindingId));
+                    ensureListDispatcher(s.bindingId, s.deps);
+                }
+                for (const d of s.deps || []) {
+                    if (!d || d.includes('.*') || (d.includes('[') && d.includes(']')))
+                        continue;
+                    const rootField = depRootField(d) || d;
+                    if (rootField && rootField.indexOf('.') < 0)
+                        ensureHostDispatcher(rootField);
+                }
+            }
+            for (const s of blueprint.ons) {
+                needDelegate(s.type);
+            }
+            blueprintBindIds = ids;
+            blueprint.bindIds = ids;
+            compileBlueprintKernels();
+        };
+        const compileBlueprintKernels = () => {
+            if (!blueprint || hydrateBp)
+                return;
+            const textSlots = blueprint.texts;
+            const attrSlots = blueprint.attrs;
+            const onSlots = blueprint.ons;
+            const nText = textSlots.length;
+            const nAttr = attrSlots.length;
+            const nOn = onSlots.length;
+            // Fallback only (no compile-time rowKernel). Field/path walks come from
+            // recorded slots — shape-specific kernels belong in row_kernel.rs.
+            hydrateBp = (root, entry) => {
+                const item = entry && entry.item != null ? entry.item : entry;
+                root.__vmzBox = item;
+                /** @type {Array<Text>} */
+                const textNodes = new Array(nText);
+                /** @type {Array<Element>} */
+                const attrEls = new Array(nAttr);
+                for (let i = 0; i < nText; i++)
+                    textNodes[i] = /** @type {Text} */ (textSlots[i].get(root));
+                for (let i = 0; i < nAttr; i++)
+                    attrEls[i] = attrSlots[i].get(root);
+                for (let i = 0; i < nOn; i++) {
+                    const el = onSlots[i].get(root);
+                    if (!el.__vmzAct) {
+                        el.__vmzAct = onSlots[i].method;
+                    }
+                }
+                for (let i = 0; i < nText; i++) {
+                    const v = item == null ? '' : item[textSlots[i].field];
+                    textNodes[i].nodeValue = v == null ? '' : v + '';
+                }
+                for (let i = 0; i < nAttr; i++) {
+                    const s = attrSlots[i];
+                    const el = attrEls[i];
+                    const host = s.hostField;
+                    const itemKey = s.itemField;
+                    if (!host || !itemKey)
+                        continue;
+                    const hv = inst[host];
+                    if (hv != null && item && hv === item[itemKey]) {
+                        if (s.name === 'class' || s.name === 'className')
+                            el.className = s.onVal;
+                        else
+                            applyDomAttr(el, s.name, s.onVal);
+                    }
+                    else if (s.offVal) {
+                        if (s.name === 'class' || s.name === 'className')
+                            el.className = s.offVal;
+                        else
+                            applyDomAttr(el, s.name, s.offVal);
+                    }
+                }
+                entry.tn = textNodes;
+                entry.ae = attrEls;
+                entry.dom = root;
+                entry.bp = true;
+            };
+            applyBp = (entry) => {
+                const item = entry.item != null ? entry.item : entry.__vmzBox;
+                const textNodes = entry.tn;
+                const attrEls = entry.ae;
+                for (let i = 0; i < nText; i++) {
+                    const v = item == null ? '' : item[textSlots[i].field];
+                    textNodes[i].nodeValue = v == null ? '' : v + '';
+                }
+                for (let i = 0; i < nAttr; i++) {
+                    const s = attrSlots[i];
+                    const el = attrEls[i];
+                    if (!s.hostField || !s.itemField)
+                        continue;
+                    const raw = item && inst[s.hostField] === item[s.itemField] ? s.onVal : s.offVal;
+                    if (s.name === 'class' || s.name === 'className')
+                        el.className = raw;
+                    else
+                        applyDomAttr(el, s.name, raw);
+                }
+            };
+        };
+        const wireBlueprintItem = (root, box, patches) => {
+            if (!blueprint)
+                return null;
+            sealBlueprintDispatchers();
+            const entry = {
+                item: box.item,
+                index: box.index,
+                dom: root,
+                bp: true,
+                t0: null,
+                t1: null,
+                a0: null,
+                tn: null,
+                ae: null,
+                patches: patches || null,
+            };
+            hydrateBp(root, entry);
+            if (patches) {
+                const applyAll = () => applyBp(entry);
+                applyAll.__vmzBindingIds = blueprintBindIds;
+                applyAll.__vmzBindingId = null;
+                applyAll.__vmzItemLocal = true;
+                applyAll.__vmzBpEntry = entry;
+                patches.push(applyAll);
+            }
+            return entry;
+        };
+        const recordFirstItem = (api, box, patches) => {
+            /** @type {Element | null} */
+            let root = null;
+            /** Pending slots keep live node refs — Direct emit binds before appendChild. */
+            /** @type {{ texts: any[], attrs: any[], ons: any[] }} */
+            const pending = { texts: [], attrs: [], ons: [] };
+            let recordFailed = false;
+            const recordingApi = Object.assign({}, api, {
+                el(tag) {
+                    const el = api.el(tag);
+                    if (!root)
+                        root = el;
+                    return el;
+                },
+                // Capture only — do not wireDirectBind (would orphan first-row binders).
+                bindText(i, bindingId, deps, get, textNode, cf) {
+                    if (!root)
+                        return;
+                    // Blueprint recording aborted: fall back to normal wiring for remaining binds.
+                    if (recordFailed) {
+                        api.bindText(i, bindingId, deps, get, textNode, cf);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    try {
+                        const raw = get.call(inst);
+                        if (textNode.nodeType === 3) /** @type {Text} */
+                            (textNode).nodeValue = String(raw ?? '');
+                        else
+                            textNode.textContent = String(raw ?? '');
+                    }
+                    catch {
+                        /* ignore */
+                    }
+                    pending.texts.push({
+                        node: textNode,
+                        bindingId,
+                        deps: Array.isArray(deps) ? deps.slice() : [],
+                        getFn: get,
+                    });
+                },
+                bindAttr(i, bindingId, deps, get, el, name, cf) {
+                    if (!root)
+                        return;
+                    if (recordFailed) {
+                        api.bindAttr(i, bindingId, deps, get, el, name, cf);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    // Class bind eligible when deps include a bare host field (any name).
+                    const hasHostDep = (deps || []).some((d) => d && !d.includes('.*') && !d.includes('[') && String(d).indexOf('.') < 0);
+                    if ((name === 'class' || name === 'className') && hasHostDep) {
+                        try {
+                            const raw = get.call(inst);
+                            el.className = raw == null ? '' : String(raw);
+                        }
+                        catch {
+                            /* ignore */
+                        }
+                        pending.attrs.push({
+                            node: el,
+                            bindingId,
+                            deps: Array.isArray(deps) ? deps.slice() : [],
+                            name,
+                            getFn: get,
+                        });
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        recordFailed = true;
+                        api.bindAttr(i, bindingId, deps, get, el, name, cf);
+                    }
+                },
+                on(el, type, handler) {
+                    if (recordFailed) {
+                        api.on(el, type, handler);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    const parsed = parseActionMethod(handler);
+                    if (parsed && root) {
+                        pending.ons.push({
+                            node: el,
+                            type,
+                            method: parsed.method,
+                            argField: parsed.argField,
+                        });
+                        actionArgFields[parsed.method] = parsed.argField;
+                        if (rowActArgField == null)
+                            rowActArgField = parsed.argField;
+                        root.__vmzBox = box;
+                        el.__vmzAct = parsed.method;
+                        // Expando only — AttributeMap tax on every row is worse than a per-row write.
+                        needDelegate(type);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    api.on(el, type, handler);
+                    recordFailed = true;
+                },
+            });
+            const dom = userCreateItem.call(inst, recordingApi, box);
+            if (!recordFailed && dom && dom.nodeType === 1 && root === dom && (pending.texts.length > 0 || pending.attrs.length > 0)) {
+                /** @type {any[]} */
+                const texts = [];
+                /** @type {any[]} */
+                const attrs = [];
+                /** @type {any[]} */
+                const ons = [];
+                for (const p of pending.texts) {
+                    const path = pathFromRoot(root, p.node);
+                    const field = probeItemField(p.getFn, box);
+                    if (!path || !field) {
+                        recordFailed = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    texts.push({
+                        path,
+                        bindingId: p.bindingId,
+                        deps: p.deps,
+                        field,
+                        get: makeChildGetter(path),
+                    });
+                }
+                if (!recordFailed) {
+                    for (const p of pending.attrs) {
+                        const path = pathFromRoot(root, p.node);
+                        if (!path) {
+                            recordFailed = true;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        const hostField = (() => {
+                            for (const d of p.deps || []) {
+                                if (!d)
+                                    continue;
+                                if (d.includes('.*') || d.includes('['))
+                                    continue;
+                                if (String(d).indexOf('.') < 0)
+                                    return String(d);
+                            }
+                            return null;
+                        })();
+                        let itemField = null;
+                        for (const d of p.deps || []) {
+                            if (!d)
+                                continue;
+                            if (d.includes('.*')) {
+                                const m = String(d).match(/\*\.([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)$/);
+                                if (m)
+                                    itemField = m[1];
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (!hostField || !itemField) {
+                            recordFailed = true;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        const { onVal, offVal } = probeHostItemClass(p.getFn, box, hostField, itemField);
+                        attrs.push({
+                            path,
+                            bindingId: p.bindingId,
+                            deps: p.deps,
+                            name: p.name,
+                            onVal,
+                            offVal,
+                            hostField,
+                            itemField,
+                            get: makeChildGetter(path),
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if (!recordFailed) {
+                    for (const p of pending.ons) {
+                        const path = pathFromRoot(root, p.node);
+                        if (!path) {
+                            recordFailed = true;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        ons.push({
+                            path,
+                            type: p.type,
+                            method: p.method,
+                            get: makeChildGetter(path),
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                if (!recordFailed) {
+                    const tpl = /** @type {Element} */ (dom.cloneNode(true));
+                    clearDomEvt(tpl);
+                    blueprint = {
+                        tpl,
+                        texts,
+                        attrs,
+                        ons,
+                        bindIds: new Set(),
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+            if (!blueprint)
+                blueprintOk = false;
+            return dom;
+        };
+        const createItem = (api, box, patches) => {
+            if (blueprint && blueprintOk) {
+                const root = /** @type {Element} */ (blueprint.tpl.cloneNode(true));
+                wireBlueprintItem(root, box, patches);
+                return root;
+            }
+            if (typeof userCreateItem !== 'function') {
+                throw new Error('vmz:dom eachBlock createItem missing (no rowKernel fallback)');
+            }
+            if (blueprintOk) {
+                const dom = recordFirstItem(api, box, patches);
+                if (blueprint && dom && dom.nodeType === 1) {
+                    patches.length = 0;
+                    wireBlueprintItem(dom, box, patches);
+                }
+                return dom;
+            }
+            return userCreateItem.call(inst, api, box);
+        };
+        /**
+         * Reorder / place item DOM with minimal mutations.
+         * - already-correct → no-op
+         * - pure 2-node swap → 1–2 insertBefore (common keyed list swap)
+         * - append prefix → Fragment insert only new tail
+         * - create / replace / complex → Fragment rebuild before `end`
+         */
+        const reconcileDomOrder = (nextNodes) => {
+            const parent = end.parentNode;
+            if (!parent)
+                return;
+            /** @type {ChildNode[]} */
+            const curr = [];
+            for (let n = start.nextSibling; n && n !== end; n = n.nextSibling) {
+                curr.push(n);
+            }
+            if (curr.length === nextNodes.length) {
+                let same = true;
+                for (let i = 0; i < curr.length; i++) {
+                    if (curr[i] !== nextNodes[i]) {
+                        same = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (same)
+                    return;
+                // Fast path: exactly two positions swapped (benchmark swaprows).
+                /** @type {number[]} */
+                const diff = [];
+                for (let i = 0; i < curr.length; i++) {
+                    if (curr[i] !== nextNodes[i])
+                        diff.push(i);
+                }
+                if (diff.length === 2 && curr[diff[0]] === nextNodes[diff[1]] && curr[diff[1]] === nextNodes[diff[0]]) {
+                    const a = curr[diff[0]];
+                    const b = curr[diff[1]];
+                    const aNext = a.nextSibling;
+                    const bNext = b.nextSibling;
+                    noteDomMove();
+                    noteDomMove();
+                    if (aNext === b) {
+                        parent.insertBefore(b, a);
+                    }
+                    else if (bNext === a) {
+                        parent.insertBefore(a, b);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        parent.insertBefore(b, aNext);
+                        parent.insertBefore(a, bNext);
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            // Append-only: existing live prefix unchanged, only new tail detached.
+            if (curr.length < nextNodes.length && curr.length > 0) {
+                let prefix = true;
+                for (let i = 0; i < curr.length; i++) {
+                    if (curr[i] !== nextNodes[i]) {
+                        prefix = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (prefix) {
+                    const batch = document.createDocumentFragment();
+                    for (let i = curr.length; i < nextNodes.length; i++) {
+                        batch.appendChild(nextNodes[i]);
+                    }
+                    parent.insertBefore(batch, end);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            // Create / replace / complex reorder: one Fragment write.
+            const batch = document.createDocumentFragment();
+            for (const dom of nextNodes) {
+                if (dom.parentNode)
+                    noteDomMove();
+                batch.appendChild(dom);
+            }
+            parent.insertBefore(batch, end);
+        };
+        const apply = () => {
+            if (inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                return;
+            const applied = ++gen;
+            const list = readList();
+            const n = list.length;
+            // Clear all rows.
+            if (n === 0) {
+                if (keyed.size)
+                    fastWipeRows();
+                return;
+            }
+            // Full replace (no key reuse): wipe then fall into fresh create.
+            if (keyed.size > 0 && hasRowKernel) {
+                let reuse = false;
+                for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                    if (keyed.has(rowKeyOf(list[i], i))) {
+                        reuse = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (!reuse)
+                    fastWipeRows();
+            }
+            // Fresh create into empty each: rowKernel skips blueprint recording (tpl from html).
+            if (keyed.size === 0 && n > 0) {
+                const parent = end.parentNode;
+                const batch = document.createDocumentFragment();
+                let startIdx = 0;
+                let indexFilled = false;
+                // Only record a runtime blueprint when there is no compile-time rowKernel.
+                if ((!blueprint || !blueprintOk) && !hasRowKernel) {
+                    const box0 = { item: list[0], index: 0 };
+                    const patches0 = [];
+                    const prevPatches = directApi._itemPatches;
+                    const prevCtx = directApi._eachCtx;
+                    directApi._itemPatches = patches0;
+                    directApi._eachCtx = eachCtx;
+                    let dom0 = null;
+                    try {
+                        dom0 = createItem(directApi, box0, patches0);
+                    }
+                    finally {
+                        directApi._itemPatches = prevPatches;
+                        directApi._eachCtx = prevCtx;
+                    }
+                    if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                        return;
+                    if (!dom0)
+                        return;
+                    const k0 = itemKey(box0);
+                    if (dom0.nodeType === 1) /** @type {Element} */
+                        (dom0).__vmzKey = k0;
+                    // First row may already be blueprint-wired (patches cleared + hydrate).
+                    let entry0 = keyed.get(k0);
+                    if (!entry0) {
+                        if (patches0.length && patches0[0] && patches0[0].__vmzBpEntry) {
+                            entry0 = patches0[0].__vmzBpEntry;
+                            entry0.patches = patches0;
+                        }
+                        else if (blueprint && blueprintOk) {
+                            entry0 = wireBlueprintItem(/** @type {Element} */ (dom0), box0, patches0);
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            tagItemPatches(patches0, 0);
+                            entry0 = { box: box0, dom: dom0, patches: patches0 };
+                        }
+                        keyed.set(k0, entry0);
+                    }
+                    batch.appendChild(dom0);
+                    startIdx = 1;
+                }
+                if (blueprint && blueprintOk) {
+                    sealBlueprintDispatchers();
+                    const tpl = blueprint.tpl;
+                    if (hasRowKernel && spec.rowKernel && typeof spec.rowKernel.create === 'function') {
+                        // Shape-specific create loop is Rust-emitted (rowKernel.create).
+                        // Direct parent.insertBefore (no Fragment). When parent has only the
+                        // each markers as children, detach parent for the fill then reattach —
+                        // same structural trick as hand-tuned keyed apps (not app-specific).
+                        if (parent) {
+                            let detached = null;
+                            let reinsertAt = null;
+                            if (parent.nodeType === 1 && parent.parentNode) {
+                                let onlyMarkers = true;
+                                for (let c = parent.firstChild; c; c = c.nextSibling) {
+                                    if (c !== start && c !== end) {
+                                        onlyMarkers = false;
+                                        break;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if (onlyMarkers) {
+                                    detached = parent.parentNode;
+                                    reinsertAt = parent.nextSibling;
+                                    detached.removeChild(parent);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            // Fill entryByIndex in the create loop — skip post-pass Map.get rebuild.
+                            entryByIndex = new Array(n);
+                            for (let i = 0; i < startIdx; i++) {
+                                entryByIndex[i] = keyed.get(rowKeyOf(list[i], i));
+                            }
+                            spec.rowKernel.create.call(inst, list, startIdx, tpl, keyed, parent, end, rowKeyOf, entryByIndex);
+                            if (detached)
+                                detached.insertBefore(parent, reinsertAt);
+                            indexFilled = true;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            const hydrate = spec.rowKernel.hydrate;
+                            for (let i = startIdx; i < n; i++) {
+                                if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                                    return;
+                                const item = list[i];
+                                const root = /** @type {Element} */ (tpl.cloneNode(true));
+                                hydrate.call(inst, root, item);
+                                const k = rowKeyOf(item, i);
+                                root.__vmzKey = k;
+                                keyed.set(k, root);
+                                batch.appendChild(root);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (hasRowKernel && hydrateBp) {
+                        const hydrate = spec.rowKernel.hydrate;
+                        for (let i = startIdx; i < n; i++) {
+                            if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                                return;
+                            const item = list[i];
+                            const root = /** @type {Element} */ (tpl.cloneNode(true));
+                            hydrate.call(inst, root, item);
+                            const k = rowKeyOf(item, i);
+                            root.__vmzKey = k;
+                            keyed.set(k, root);
+                            batch.appendChild(root);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        for (let i = startIdx; i < n; i++) {
+                            if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                                return;
+                            const item = list[i];
+                            const k = keyOf(item, i);
+                            const root = /** @type {Element} */ (tpl.cloneNode(true));
+                            const entry = {
+                                item,
+                                index: i,
+                                dom: root,
+                                bp: true,
+                                t0: null,
+                                t1: null,
+                                a0: null,
+                                patches: null,
+                            };
+                            hydrateBp(root, entry);
+                            root.__vmzKey = k;
+                            keyed.set(k, entry);
+                            batch.appendChild(root);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    for (let i = startIdx; i < n; i++) {
+                        if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                            return;
+                        const box = { item: list[i], index: i };
+                        const k = itemKey(box);
+                        const patches = [];
+                        const prevPatches = directApi._itemPatches;
+                        const prevCtx = directApi._eachCtx;
+                        directApi._itemPatches = patches;
+                        directApi._eachCtx = eachCtx;
+                        let dom = null;
+                        try {
+                            dom = createItem(directApi, box, patches);
+                        }
+                        finally {
+                            directApi._itemPatches = prevPatches;
+                            directApi._eachCtx = prevCtx;
+                        }
+                        if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                            return;
+                        if (!dom)
+                            continue;
+                        tagItemPatches(patches, i);
+                        if (dom.nodeType === 1) /** @type {Element} */
+                            (dom).__vmzKey = k;
+                        keyed.set(k, { box, dom, patches });
+                        batch.appendChild(dom);
+                    }
+                }
+                if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                    return;
+                if (parent && batch.firstChild)
+                    parent.insertBefore(batch, end);
+                if (hasRowKernel && !indexFilled)
+                    rebuildEntryByIndex(list);
+                if (end.isConnected)
+                    ensureDelegateAttached();
+                else
+                    queueMicrotask(() => {
+                        if (!inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                            ensureDelegateAttached();
+                    });
+                return;
+            }
+            // Pure identity transposition (slice + two index swaps + list replace):
+            // same n entries, exactly two positions exchanged — O(n) identity scan + 2 DOM moves.
+            // Skips Map/key/nextNodes/sibling rebuild (main swap script cost vs hand-tuned keyed apps).
+            if (hasRowKernel && entryByIndex.length === n && keyed.size === n && n > 0) {
+                let missA = -1;
+                let missB = -1;
+                let identityOk = true;
+                for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                    const entry = entryByIndex[i];
+                    if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1) {
+                        identityOk = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if (entry.__vmzBox === list[i])
+                        continue;
+                    if (missA < 0)
+                        missA = i;
+                    else if (missB < 0)
+                        missB = i;
+                    else {
+                        identityOk = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (identityOk) {
+                    if (missA < 0) {
+                        // Same order / same object refs — replace was a no-op for DOM.
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (missB >= 0) {
+                        const ea = entryByIndex[missA];
+                        const eb = entryByIndex[missB];
+                        if (ea.__vmzBox === list[missB] && eb.__vmzBox === list[missA]) {
+                            const parent = end.parentNode;
+                            if (parent) {
+                                const aNext = ea.nextSibling;
+                                const bNext = eb.nextSibling;
+                                noteDomMove();
+                                noteDomMove();
+                                if (aNext === eb) {
+                                    parent.insertBefore(eb, ea);
+                                }
+                                else if (bNext === ea) {
+                                    parent.insertBefore(ea, eb);
+                                }
+                                else {
+                                    parent.insertBefore(eb, aNext);
+                                    parent.insertBefore(ea, bNext);
+                                }
+                            }
+                            entryByIndex[missA] = eb;
+                            entryByIndex[missB] = ea;
+                            if (end.isConnected)
+                                ensureDelegateAttached();
+                            else
+                                queueMicrotask(() => {
+                                    if (!inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                                        ensureDelegateAttached();
+                                });
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            const seen = new Set();
+            /** @type {Node[]} */
+            const nextNodes = [];
+            for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                    return;
+                const item = list[i];
+                const k = rowKeyOf(item, i);
+                seen.add(k);
+                let entry = keyed.get(k);
+                if (!entry) {
+                    if (hasRowKernel && blueprint && blueprintOk && hydrateBp) {
+                        const root = /** @type {Element} */ (blueprint.tpl.cloneNode(true));
+                        spec.rowKernel.hydrate.call(inst, root, item);
+                        root.__vmzKey = k;
+                        keyed.set(k, root);
+                        entry = root;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        const box = { item, index: i };
+                        const patches = [];
+                        const prevPatches = directApi._itemPatches;
+                        const prevCtx = directApi._eachCtx;
+                        directApi._itemPatches = patches;
+                        directApi._eachCtx = eachCtx;
+                        let dom = null;
+                        try {
+                            dom = createItem(directApi, box, patches);
+                        }
+                        finally {
+                            directApi._itemPatches = prevPatches;
+                            directApi._eachCtx = prevCtx;
+                        }
+                        if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                            return;
+                        tagItemPatches(patches, i);
+                        if (dom) {
+                            if (dom.nodeType === 1) {
+                                // Client identity: expando only (see 01 each identity). SSR uses data-vmz-key.
+                                /** @type {Element} */ (dom).__vmzKey = k;
+                            }
+                            entry = { box, dom, patches };
+                            keyed.set(k, entry);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    const sameItem = entryItem(entry) === item;
+                    if (entry.nodeType === 1) {
+                        entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                    }
+                    else if (entry.bp) {
+                        entry.item = item;
+                        entry.index = i;
+                        if (entry.dom)
+                            entry.dom.__vmzBox = entry.item;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        entry.box.item = item;
+                        entry.box.index = i;
+                        tagItemPatches(entry.patches, i);
+                    }
+                    // Pure reorder (swap / move) keeps object identity — skip leaf patches.
+                    if (!sameItem) {
+                        if (entryIsBp(entry) && applyBp) {
+                            try {
+                                applyBp(entry);
+                            }
+                            catch (err) {
+                                console.error('vmz:dom each item', err);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else if (entry.patches) {
+                            for (const p of entry.patches)
+                                runPatch(p, null);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if (entry)
+                    nextNodes.push(entryDom(entry));
+            }
+            if (applied !== gen || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                return;
+            for (const [k, entry] of [...keyed.entries()]) {
+                if (seen.has(k))
+                    continue;
+                noteDomRemove();
+                const dom = entryDom(entry);
+                if (hasRowKernel) {
+                    if (dom && dom.parentNode)
+                        dom.remove();
+                }
+                else {
+                    clearDomEvt(dom);
+                    disposeDomTree(dom);
+                    if (dom && dom.parentNode)
+                        dom.remove();
+                }
+                keyed.delete(k);
+                releaseBpEntry(entry);
+            }
+            reconcileDomOrder(nextNodes);
+            if (hasRowKernel)
+                rebuildEntryByIndex(list);
+            // First apply may run while start/end still sit in a DocumentFragment
+            // (before mount appends). Defer until connected so clicks work.
+            if (end.isConnected)
+                ensureDelegateAttached();
+            else
+                queueMicrotask(() => {
+                    if (!inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                        ensureDelegateAttached();
+                });
+        };
+        registerBind(inst, deps || [], apply, bindingId);
+        if (directApi._itemPatches)
+            directApi._itemPatches.push(apply);
+        // WriteBarrier `__vmzListTranspose` → O(1) entry/DOM exchange (no slice + replace flush).
+        const listRootForTranspose = depRootField((deps && deps[0]) || '') || (deps && deps[0]) || null;
+        const transposeEntries = (ia, ib) => {
+            if (!hasRowKernel)
+                return false;
+            const n = entryByIndex.length;
+            if (ia < 0 || ib < 0 || ia >= n || ib >= n || ia === ib)
+                return false;
+            const ea = entryByIndex[ia];
+            const eb = entryByIndex[ib];
+            if (!ea || !eb || ea.nodeType !== 1 || eb.nodeType !== 1)
+                return false;
+            const parent = end.parentNode;
+            if (parent) {
+                const aNext = ea.nextSibling;
+                const bNext = eb.nextSibling;
+                noteDomMove();
+                noteDomMove();
+                if (aNext === eb) {
+                    parent.insertBefore(eb, ea);
+                }
+                else if (bNext === ea) {
+                    parent.insertBefore(ea, eb);
+                }
+                else {
+                    parent.insertBefore(eb, aNext);
+                    parent.insertBefore(ea, bNext);
+                }
+            }
+            entryByIndex[ia] = eb;
+            entryByIndex[ib] = ea;
+            return true;
+        };
+        /** Inline leaf apply for event write path (mutate + DOM, vanillajs-shaped). */
+        const applyLeafAt = (idx, field, item) => {
+            if (!hasRowKernel || !rkApplyByField)
+                return false;
+            const entry = entryByIndex[idx];
+            if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1)
+                return false;
+            const f = rkApplyByField[field];
+            if (typeof f !== 'function')
+                return false;
+            if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                entry.__vmzBox = item;
+            if (rkHostFieldSet.has(field))
+                f.call(inst, entry, item);
+            else
+                f(entry, item);
+            return true;
+        };
+        /**
+         * Own the whole stride loop (update-every-Nth): one cross-boundary call,
+         * hoist text slot / applyByField, specialize string `+=`.
+         */
+        const compoundStride = (leaf, op, rhs, start, step) => {
+            if (!hasRowKernel)
+                return false;
+            const arr = inst[listRootForTranspose];
+            if (!Array.isArray(arr))
+                return false;
+            const s = +start || 0;
+            const st = +step || 0;
+            if (st <= 0)
+                return false;
+            const entries = entryByIndex;
+            const n = arr.length;
+            // Fastest path: text-only leaf → mutate + __vmzT[slot].nodeValue (no applyByField).
+            const slot = rkTextSlots ? rkTextSlots[leaf] : undefined;
+            if (op === '+' && slot != null && !rkHostFieldSet.has(leaf)) {
+                for (let i = s; i < n; i += st) {
+                    const item = arr[i];
+                    if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+                        continue;
+                    const v = item[leaf] + rhs;
+                    item[leaf] = v;
+                    const entry = entries[i];
+                    const texts = entry && entry.nodeType === 1 ? entry.__vmzT : null;
+                    if (texts)
+                        texts[slot].nodeValue = v;
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (!rkApplyByField)
+                return false;
+            const f = rkApplyByField[leaf];
+            if (typeof f !== 'function')
+                return false;
+            const needsThis = rkHostFieldSet.has(leaf);
+            if (op === '+') {
+                if (needsThis) {
+                    for (let i = s; i < n; i += st) {
+                        const item = arr[i];
+                        if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+                            continue;
+                        item[leaf] = item[leaf] + rhs;
+                        const entry = entries[i];
+                        if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1)
+                            continue;
+                        if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                            entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                        f.call(inst, entry, item);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    for (let i = s; i < n; i += st) {
+                        const item = arr[i];
+                        if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+                            continue;
+                        item[leaf] = item[leaf] + rhs;
+                        const entry = entries[i];
+                        if (entry && entry.nodeType === 1)
+                            f(entry, item);
+                    }
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+            for (let i = s; i < n; i += st) {
+                const item = arr[i];
+                if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+                    continue;
+                const cur = item[leaf];
+                const value = applyCompoundOp(op, cur, rhs);
+                if (Object.is(cur, value))
+                    continue;
+                item[leaf] = value;
+                if (slot != null && !needsThis) {
+                    const entry = entries[i];
+                    const texts = entry && entry.nodeType === 1 ? entry.__vmzT : null;
+                    if (texts) {
+                        texts[slot].nodeValue = value;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+                const entry = entries[i];
+                if (!entry || entry.nodeType !== 1)
+                    continue;
+                if (entry.__vmzBox !== item)
+                    entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                if (needsThis)
+                    f.call(inst, entry, item);
+                else
+                    f(entry, item);
+            }
+            return true;
+        };
+        if (listRootForTranspose) {
+            if (!inst.__vmzEachTranspose)
+                inst.__vmzEachTranspose = Object.create(null);
+            inst.__vmzEachTranspose[listRootForTranspose] = transposeEntries;
+            if (!inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf)
+                inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf = Object.create(null);
+            inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf[listRootForTranspose] = applyLeafAt;
+            if (!inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride)
+                inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride = Object.create(null);
+            inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride[listRootForTranspose] = compoundStride;
+        }
+        start.__vmzDispose = () => {
+            teardownDelegate();
+            fastWipeRows();
+            if (listRootForTranspose && inst.__vmzEachTranspose) {
+                if (inst.__vmzEachTranspose[listRootForTranspose] === transposeEntries) {
+                    delete inst.__vmzEachTranspose[listRootForTranspose];
+                }
+            }
+            if (listRootForTranspose && inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf) {
+                if (inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf[listRootForTranspose] === applyLeafAt) {
+                    delete inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf[listRootForTranspose];
+                }
+            }
+            if (listRootForTranspose && inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride) {
+                if (inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride[listRootForTranspose] === compoundStride) {
+                    delete inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride[listRootForTranspose];
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        const softDeps = [...new Set((deps || []).map((d) => `${depRootField(d)}.*`))];
+        const softRefresh = () => {
+            if (inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+                return;
+            const trie = inst.__vmzFlushTrie;
+            const listRoot = depRootField((deps && deps[0]) || '') || '';
+            // Full list replace is owned by apply(); soft channel is item/structure churn.
+            if (trie && listRoot && trie[listRoot] && trie[listRoot].replace)
+                return;
+            const list = readList();
+            const softKey = softDeps[0] || `${listRoot}.*`;
+            for (let i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
+                const item = list[i];
+                const k = rowKeyOf(item, i);
+                const entry = keyed.get(k);
+                if (!entry)
+                    continue;
+                if (entryIsBp(entry)) {
+                    if (entry.nodeType === 1)
+                        entry.__vmzBox = item;
+                    else {
+                        entry.item = item;
+                        entry.index = i;
+                        if (entry.dom)
+                            entry.dom.__vmzBox = item;
+                    }
+                    if (applyBp)
+                        applyBp(entry);
+                    else if (hydrateBp)
+                        hydrateBp(entryDom(entry), entry);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                entry.box.item = item;
+                entry.box.index = i;
+                tagItemPatches(entry.patches, i);
+                for (const p of entry.patches) {
+                    // Leaf BindingId patches are owned by list/host dispatchers .
+                    if (p.__vmzBindingId != null)
+                        continue;
+                    if (patchHasBindingId(inst, p))
+                        continue;
+                    try {
+                        runPatch(p, softKey, null);
+                    }
+                    catch (err) {
+                        console.error('vmz:dom each soft', err);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        registerBind(inst, softDeps, softRefresh, null);
+        apply();
+        return frag;
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string[]} deps
+ * @param {() => any} fn
+ * @param {number|string|null|undefined} bindingId
+ */
+function trackDirectBind(inst, deps, fn, bindingId = null) {
+    if (directApi._branchBinds) {
+        directApi._branchBinds.push({ deps, fn, bindingId });
+        if (directApi._itemPatches)
+            directApi._itemPatches.push(fn);
+        return;
+    }
+    // item binds stay on entry.patches; eachBlock registers one dispatcher per BindingId.
+    if (directApi._itemPatches) {
+        fn.__vmzItemLocal = true;
+        directApi._itemPatches.push(fn);
+        if (directApi._eachCtx) {
+            directApi._eachCtx.noteItemBind(bindingId, deps || [], fn);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    registerBind(inst, deps, fn, bindingId);
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {number|string|null} bindingId
+ * @param {string[]} deps
+ * @param {() => any} get
+ * @param {(raw: any) => void} write
+ * @param {{ stable: string[], branches: Array<{ cond?: => any, deps: string[] }> } | null | undefined} [cf]
+ */
+function wireDirectBind(inst, bindingId, deps, get, write, cf) {
+    let activeBranch = -1;
+    /** @type {string[]} */
+    let liveDeps = Array.isArray(deps) ? deps.slice() : [];
+    const pickCf = () => {
+        if (!cf || !Array.isArray(cf.branches))
+            return -1;
+        for (let i = 0; i < cf.branches.length; i++) {
+            const b = cf.branches[i];
+            if (!b.cond)
+                return i;
+            try {
+                if (b.cond.call(inst))
+                    return i;
+            }
+            catch {
+                /* continue */
+            }
+        }
+        return cf.branches.length - 1;
+    };
+    // Item-local CF whose branches only gate the same stable deps: skip branch switching.
+    let simpleCf = false;
+    if (cf && Array.isArray(cf.branches) && directApi._itemPatches) {
+        simpleCf = cf.branches.every((b) => !b.deps || b.deps.length === 0);
+    }
+    const apply = () => {
+        if (precision.enabled) {
+            precision.bindingEvals++;
+            for (const d of liveDeps || [])
+                bumpMap(precision.bindingEvalsByDep, d);
+            if (bindingId != null) {
+                bumpMap(precision.bindingEvalsByBinding, String(bindingId));
+            }
+        }
+        let raw;
+        try {
+            raw = get.call(inst);
+        }
+        catch {
+            raw = null;
+        }
+        write(raw);
+        if (!cf || !Array.isArray(cf.branches) || simpleCf || apply.__vmzItemLocal)
+            return;
+        const next = pickCf();
+        if (next === activeBranch)
+            return;
+        activeBranch = next;
+        const branch = cf.branches[next];
+        const nextDeps = [...(cf.stable || []), ...((branch && branch.deps) || [])];
+        const uniq = [...new Set(nextDeps)];
+        unregisterBind(inst, liveDeps, apply, bindingId);
+        liveDeps = uniq;
+        registerBind(inst, liveDeps, apply, bindingId);
+    };
+    if (cf && Array.isArray(cf.branches) && !simpleCf) {
+        activeBranch = pickCf();
+        const branch = cf.branches[activeBranch];
+        liveDeps = [...(cf.stable || []), ...((branch && branch.deps) || [])];
+        liveDeps = [...new Set(liveDeps)];
+    }
+    else if (cf && Array.isArray(cf.branches) && simpleCf) {
+        liveDeps = Array.isArray(cf.stable) && cf.stable.length ? cf.stable : liveDeps;
+    }
+    // Mark before first apply so CF branch switches never hit global registerBind.
+    if (directApi._itemPatches)
+        apply.__vmzItemLocal = true;
+    apply();
+    trackDirectBind(inst, liveDeps, apply, bindingId);
+}
+export function isEventPropName(name) {
+    return typeof name === 'string' && /^on[A-Z]/.test(name);
+}
+/** Monotonic id for `bindComponentProp` BindingIds (per process). */
+let directPropBindSeq = 0;
+/** HTML boolean attributes: presence means true; `false`/`null` must remove the attr. */
+export const BOOLEAN_HTML_ATTRS = new Set([
+    'disabled',
+    'checked',
+    'selected',
+    'readonly',
+    'required',
+    'multiple',
+    'hidden',
+    'autofocus',
+    'autoplay',
+    'controls',
+    'loop',
+    'muted',
+    'open',
+    'novalidate',
+    'formnovalidate',
+    'defer',
+    'async',
+    'ismap',
+    'default',
+    'inert',
+]);
+/**
+ * @param {Element} el
+ * @param {string} name
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+export function applyDomAttr(el, name, value) {
+    const key = name === 'className' ? 'class' : name;
+    if (BOOLEAN_HTML_ATTRS.has(String(key).toLowerCase())) {
+        if (value === false || value == null || value === '') {
+            el.removeAttribute(key);
+        }
+        else {
+            el.setAttribute(key, value === true ? '' : String(value));
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    // <textarea value="…"> as an attribute does not update visible text; INPUT/SELECT
+    // also need the IDL `.value` property so controlled updates stay in sync after switches.
+    // linkedom `<select>.value` is getter-only — sync via `option.selected` instead of throwing.
+    if (key === 'value' && el && (el.tagName === 'TEXTAREA' || el.tagName === 'INPUT' || el.tagName === 'SELECT')) {
+        const next = value == null || value === false ? '' : String(value);
+        if (el.tagName === 'SELECT') {
+            const opts = el.options || el.querySelectorAll?.('option') || [];
+            for (const opt of opts) {
+                opt.selected = String(opt.value ?? '') === next;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (el.value !== next) {
+            el.value = next;
+        }
+        if (value == null || value === false)
+            el.removeAttribute('value');
+        else
+            el.setAttribute('value', next);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (value == null || value === false)
+        el.removeAttribute(key);
+    else
+        el.setAttribute(key, value === true ? '' : String(value));
+}
+export function stripFns(obj) {
+    /** @type {Record<string, unknown>} */
+    const out = {};
+    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(obj || {})) {
+        if (typeof v === 'function')
+            continue;
+        out[k] = v;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+/**
+ * Marker range host for Direct eachBlock (insert before end comment).
+ * @param {Comment} start
+ * @param {Comment} end
+ */
+function eachHostApi(start, end) {
+    return {
+        insert(dom) {
+            if (dom.parentNode)
+                noteDomMove();
+            end.parentNode.insertBefore(dom, end);
+        },
+        childrenBetween() {
+            const out = [];
+            let n = start.nextSibling;
+            while (n && n !== end) {
+                if (n.nodeType === 1)
+                    out.push(n);
+                n = n.nextSibling;
+            }
+            return out;
+        },
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Snapshot plain state/prop field values for Island HMR (session).
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @returns {Record<string, unknown> | null}
+ */
+export function snapshotInstanceState(inst) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return null;
+    const Ctor = inst.constructor;
+    const keys = [...(Ctor.__vmzState || []), ...(Ctor.__vmzProps || [])];
+    /** @type {Record<string, unknown>} */
+    const out = {};
+    for (const key of keys) {
+        if (!key || String(key).startsWith('__'))
+            continue;
+        try {
+            out[key] = inst[key];
+        }
+        catch {
+            /* ignore accessors that throw */
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {Record<string, unknown> | null | undefined} state
+ */
+export function applyPreservedState(inst, state) {
+    if (!inst || !state)
+        return;
+    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(state)) {
+        try {
+            inst[key] = value;
+        }
+        catch {
+            /* ignore */
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Tear down binders and stop patches. Safe to call more than once.
+ * Field writes after destroy no longer update DOM (values may still change).
+ *: also dispose owned DOM trees (child __vmzInst / region __vmzDispose).
+ * @param {object} inst
+ */
+export function destroy(inst) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return;
+    inst.__vmzDestroyed = true;
+    inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = false;
+    // async cancel: abort in-flight tasks before tearing down DOM.
+    __vmzCancelTasks(inst);
+    if (inst.__vmzDomRoot) {
+        disposeDomTree(inst.__vmzDomRoot);
+        inst.__vmzDomRoot = null;
+    }
+    if (inst.__vmzDirtyNotices)
+        inst.__vmzDirtyNotices.length = 0;
+    if (inst.__vmzDirtyTrie)
+        inst.__vmzDirtyTrie = Object.create(null);
+    if (inst.__vmzDirty)
+        inst.__vmzDirty.clear();
+    inst.__vmzBinders = Object.create(null);
+    inst.__vmzBindings = Object.create(null);
+    inst.__vmzDepToBindings = Object.create(null);
+    if (typeof inst.onDestroy === 'function') {
+        try {
+            inst.onDestroy();
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error('vmz:dom onDestroy', err);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ *: walk a DOM subtree and run lifetime dispose hooks + nested instance destroy.
+ * Does not mark the *calling* parent destroyed; safe from destroy(inst).
+ * @param {Node | null | undefined} root
+ */
+export function disposeDomTree(root) {
+    if (!root)
+        return;
+    const seen = new Set();
+    const visit = (node) => {
+        if (!node || seen.has(node))
+            return;
+        seen.add(node);
+        if (typeof node.__vmzDispose === 'function') {
+            try {
+                node.__vmzDispose();
+            }
+            catch (err) {
+                console.error('vmz:dom __vmzDispose', err);
+            }
+            node.__vmzDispose = null;
+        }
+        if (node.__vmzInst) {
+            const child = node.__vmzInst;
+            node.__vmzInst = null;
+            destroy(child);
+        }
+        let child = node.firstChild;
+        while (child) {
+            const next = child.nextSibling;
+            visit(child);
+            child = next;
+        }
+    };
+    visit(root);
+}
+export function scheduleClient(strategy, fn) {
+    scheduleClientOn(null, strategy, fn);
+}
+/** @param {string} strategy */
+export function isEventEntryStrategy(strategy) {
+    const s = String(strategy || '');
+    return s === 'event' || s.startsWith('event:') || s === 'click';
+}
+/** @param {string} strategy */
+function eventEntryType(strategy) {
+    const s = String(strategy || 'event');
+    if (s.startsWith('event:'))
+        return s.slice(6) || 'click';
+    if (s === 'click')
+        return 'click';
+    return 'click';
+}
+export function scheduleClientOn(el, strategy, fn) {
+    const run = () => {
+        Promise.resolve(fn()).catch((err) => console.error('vmz:dom island', err));
+    };
+    if (isEventEntryStrategy(strategy)) {
+        if (!el || typeof el.addEventListener !== 'function') {
+            run();
+            return;
+        }
+        const type = eventEntryType(strategy);
+        const once = () => {
+            el.removeEventListener(type, once);
+            run();
+        };
+        el.addEventListener(type, once);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (strategy === 'idle') {
+        if (typeof requestIdleCallback === 'function') {
+            requestIdleCallback(() => run(), { timeout: 2000 });
+        }
+        else {
+            setTimeout(run, 1);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    if (strategy === 'visible' && el && typeof IntersectionObserver === 'function') {
+        const io = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
+            if (entries.some((e) => e.isIntersecting)) {
+                io.disconnect();
+                run();
+            }
+        });
+        io.observe(el);
+        return;
+    }
+    run();
+}
+/**
+ * AsyncTask cancel protocol (first slice): keyed generation + AbortSignal.
+ * Superseded runs and `destroy(inst)` abort prior work; stale results must not apply.
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string} key
+ * @param {(signal: AbortSignal, meta: { generation: number }) => any | Promise<any>} fn
+ * @returns {Promise<any>}
+ */
+export function __vmzRunTask(inst, key, fn) {
+    if (!inst)
+        throw new Error('vmz:dom __vmzRunTask requires inst');
+    const k = String(key || 'default');
+    if (!inst.__vmzTasks)
+        inst.__vmzTasks = Object.create(null);
+    const prev = inst.__vmzTasks[k];
+    if (prev) {
+        prev.generation += 1;
+        try {
+            prev.controller.abort();
+        }
+        catch {
+            /* ignore */
+        }
+        prev.status = 'cancelled';
+    }
+    const controller = typeof AbortController !== 'undefined'
+        ? new AbortController()
+        : {
+            signal: { aborted: false },
+            abort() {
+                this.signal.aborted = true;
+            },
+        };
+    const generation = (prev?.generation || 0) + 1;
+    /** @type {{ generation: number, controller: any, status: string, result?: any, error?: any, promise?: Promise<any> }} */
+    const entry = {
+        generation,
+        controller,
+        status: 'pending',
+    };
+    inst.__vmzTasks[k] = entry;
+    // Invoke synchronously so event handlers can call preventDefault before
+    // the browser continues the default action (form submit → native navigation).
+    // Async work still continues via the returned Promise.
+    let syncResult;
+    let syncErr;
+    let threw = false;
+    try {
+        syncResult = fn(controller.signal, { generation });
+    }
+    catch (err) {
+        threw = true;
+        syncErr = err;
+    }
+    const settleOk = (result) => {
+        if (inst.__vmzDestroyed || controller.signal.aborted || inst.__vmzTasks[k] !== entry) {
+            entry.status = 'cancelled';
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        entry.status = 'success';
+        entry.result = result;
+        return result;
+    };
+    const settleErr = (err) => {
+        if (inst.__vmzDestroyed || controller.signal.aborted || inst.__vmzTasks[k] !== entry) {
+            entry.status = 'cancelled';
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        entry.status = 'error';
+        entry.error = err;
+        throw err;
+    };
+    if (threw) {
+        const promise = Promise.resolve().then(() => settleErr(syncErr));
+        entry.promise = promise;
+        return promise;
+    }
+    const promise = Promise.resolve(syncResult).then(settleOk, settleErr);
+    entry.promise = promise;
+    return promise;
+}
+/** Abort all keyed tasks on an instance (also called from destroy). */
+export function __vmzCancelTasks(inst) {
+    const tasks = inst?.__vmzTasks;
+    if (!tasks)
+        return;
+    for (const key of Object.keys(tasks)) {
+        const t = tasks[key];
+        t.generation += 1;
+        try {
+            t.controller.abort();
+        }
+        catch {
+            /* ignore */
+        }
+        t.status = 'cancelled';
+    }
+}
+/** @returns {'pending'|'success'|'error'|'cancelled'|null} */
+export function __vmzTaskStatus(inst, key) {
+    const t = inst?.__vmzTasks?.[String(key || 'default')];
+    return t ? t.status : null;
+}
+export function createInstance(Component, props = {}) {
+    if (precision.enabled)
+        precision.componentExecs++;
+    const inst = new Component(props || {});
+    if (typeof inst.__vmzApplyProps === 'function' && !Component.__vmzCtorAppliesProps) {
+        inst.__vmzApplyProps(props || {});
+    }
+    inst.__vmzBinders = Object.create(null);
+    inst.__vmzBindings = Object.create(null);
+    inst.__vmzDepToBindings = Object.create(null);
+    makeReactive(inst, Component.__vmzState || []);
+    makeReactive(inst, Component.__vmzProps || []);
+    // WriteBarrier: install Component helpers once (no import needed in emitted code).
+    if (!Component.__vmzWBInstalled) {
+        Component.__vmzWBInstalled = true;
+        Component.__vmzWritePath = __vmzWritePath;
+        Component.__vmzWritePathItem = __vmzWritePathItem;
+        Component.__vmzWritePathCompound = __vmzWritePathCompound;
+        Component.__vmzWritePathCompoundItem = __vmzWritePathCompoundItem;
+        Component.__vmzWritePathLogical = __vmzWritePathLogical;
+        Component.__vmzReadPath = __vmzReadPath;
+        Component.__vmzArrayMutate = __vmzArrayMutate;
+        Component.__vmzArrayItemCompoundStride = __vmzArrayItemCompoundStride;
+        Component.__vmzListTranspose = __vmzListTranspose;
+        Component.__vmzAllowShared = __vmzAllowShared;
+        Component.__vmzTakeShared = __vmzTakeShared;
+    }
+    return inst;
+}
+/** Shared plain-object owners under WriteBarrier (no Proxy). */
+const wbSharedOwners = new WeakMap();
+/** Objects explicitly marked OK to share across component instances (13 ). */
+const wbAllowShared = new WeakSet();
+/** @type {Array<{ kind: string, message: string }>} */
+const wbCrossComponentDiags = [];
+/**
+ * Mark a plain object as intentionally shared across ownership boundaries.
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+export function __vmzAllowShared(value) {
+    if (value != null && typeof value === 'object')
+        wbAllowShared.add(value);
+    return value;
+}
+/**
+ * Take exclusive ownership intent: clear multi-owner registry for this object.
+ * Subsequent field assigns re-register from the assigning instance only.
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+export function __vmzTakeShared(value) {
+    if (value != null && typeof value === 'object') {
+        wbSharedOwners.delete(value);
+        wbAllowShared.delete(value);
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+/**
+ * @returns {Array<{ kind: string, message: string }>}
+ */
+export function __vmzSharedCrossComponentDiagnostics() {
+    return wbCrossComponentDiags.slice();
+}
+export function __vmzSharedCrossComponentDiagnosticsReset() {
+    wbCrossComponentDiags.length = 0;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {any} value
+ * @param {(segs: string[] | null) => void} report
+ * @param {string[]} baseSegs
+ * @param {any} [inst]
+ */
+function registerWbOwner(value, report, baseSegs = [], inst = null) {
+    if (value == null || typeof value !== 'object')
+        return;
+    let entry = wbSharedOwners.get(value);
+    if (!entry) {
+        entry = { owners: [] };
+        wbSharedOwners.set(value, entry);
+    }
+    if (entry.owners.some((o) => o.report === report && sameSegs(o.baseSegs, baseSegs))) {
+        return;
+    }
+    entry.owners.push({ report, baseSegs: baseSegs.slice(), inst });
+    // Cross-component share without explicit allow → diagnose (13 ).
+    if (!wbAllowShared.has(value) && inst) {
+        const other = entry.owners.find((o) => o.inst && o.inst !== inst);
+        if (other) {
+            if (!wbCrossComponentDiags.some((d) => d.message === msg)) {
+                wbCrossComponentDiags.push({ kind: 'shared_cross_component', message: msg });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Notify all registered owners of a shared plain object after a barrier write.
+ * @param {any} rootObj field-root value that was written under
+ * @param {string[] | null} localSegs path under that object (null = replace)
+ * @returns {boolean} true when at least one owner was notified
+ */
+function notifyWbShared(rootObj, localSegs) {
+    const entry = rootObj && typeof rootObj === 'object' ? wbSharedOwners.get(rootObj) : null;
+    if (!entry || !entry.owners.length)
+        return false;
+    for (const o of entry.owners) {
+        if (localSegs == null) {
+            o.report(o.baseSegs.length ? o.baseSegs.slice() : null);
+        }
+        else {
+            o.report([...o.baseSegs, ...localSegs]);
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+/**
+ * Read a nested path under a field root (for compound / update expansion).
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string[]} segs
+ */
+export function __vmzReadPath(inst, root, segs) {
+    if (!inst || !root)
+        return undefined;
+    let obj = inst[root];
+    if (!Array.isArray(segs) || segs.length === 0)
+        return obj;
+    for (let i = 0; i < segs.length; i++) {
+        if (obj == null || typeof obj !== 'object')
+            return undefined;
+        obj = obj[segs[i]];
+    }
+    return obj;
+}
+/**
+ * Short-circuit logical path assign (`||=` / `&&=` / `??=`).
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string[]} segs
+ * @param {'||'|'&&'|'??'} kind
+ * @param {any} rhs
+ */
+export function __vmzWritePathLogical(inst, root, segs, kind, rhs) {
+    const cur = __vmzReadPath(inst, root, segs);
+    if (kind === '||') {
+        if (cur)
+            return cur;
+    }
+    else if (kind === '&&') {
+        if (!cur)
+            return cur;
+    }
+    else if (kind === '??') {
+        if (cur != null)
+            return cur;
+    }
+    else {
+        return cur;
+    }
+    return __vmzWritePath(inst, root, segs, rhs);
+}
+/**
+ * Mutates a plain owned object/array and schedules the same path notice Proxy would.
+ *
+ * Root-array index assigns (`tags[0] = x`) notify as field replace (structural),
+ * matching the transitional Proxy wrapArray behavior.
+ * Shared multi-owner: writing through one field notifies all owners of the same raw object.
+ *
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root field root
+ * @param {string[]} segs path under root (non-empty); dynamic indices already String(...)'d
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+/**
+ * Apply a binary compound/update op without a separate ReadPath call.
+ * @param {string} op
+ * @param {any} cur
+ * @param {any} rhs
+ */
+function applyCompoundOp(op, cur, rhs) {
+    switch (op) {
+        case '+':
+            return cur + rhs;
+        case '-':
+            return cur - rhs;
+        case '*':
+            return cur * rhs;
+        case '/':
+            return cur / rhs;
+        case '%':
+            return cur % rhs;
+        case '**':
+            return cur ** rhs;
+        case '<<':
+            return cur << rhs;
+        case '>>':
+            return cur >> rhs;
+        case '>>>':
+            return cur >>> rhs;
+        case '|':
+            return cur | rhs;
+        case '^':
+            return cur ^ rhs;
+        case '&':
+            return cur & rhs;
+        default:
+            return cur;
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Schedule leaf refresh after an array-item field mutate (event leaf-batch or trie).
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string|number} idx
+ * @param {string} leaf
+ */
+function notifyArrayItemLeaf(inst, root, idx, leaf) {
+    if (typeof inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty === 'function' && ((inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) > 0 || inst.__vmzFlushSync)) {
+        const i = +idx;
+        const ld = inst.__vmzLeafDirty;
+        if (!ld) {
+            inst.__vmzLeafDirty = { root, field: leaf, idxs: [i] };
+        }
+        else if (ld.root === root && ld.field === leaf) {
+            ld.idxs.push(i);
+        }
+        else {
+            promoteLeafDirtyToTrie(inst);
+            scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'path', root, segs: [String(idx), leaf] });
+            return;
+        }
+        inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = true;
+        return;
+    }
+    scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'path', root, segs: [String(idx), leaf] });
+}
+export function __vmzWritePath(inst, root, segs, value) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return value;
+    if (!root || !Array.isArray(segs) || segs.length === 0)
+        return value;
+    // Hot path: array item field write (`rows[i].label`) — no map/slice, no shared-owner walk.
+    if (segs.length === 2) {
+        return __vmzWritePathItem(inst, root, segs[0], segs[1], value);
+    }
+    const normSegs = segs.map((s) => String(s));
+    let obj = inst[root];
+    if (obj == null || typeof obj !== 'object')
+        return value;
+    for (let i = 0; i < normSegs.length - 1; i++) {
+        obj = obj[normSegs[i]];
+        if (obj == null || typeof obj !== 'object')
+            return value;
+    }
+    const leaf = normSegs[normSegs.length - 1];
+    if (Object.is(obj[leaf], value))
+        return value;
+    obj[leaf] = value;
+    // Register newly assigned nested objects under this field for future shared writes.
+    if (value != null && typeof value === 'object') {
+        const report = (local) => {
+            if (!local || local.length === 0) {
+                scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'replace', root });
+            }
+            else {
+                scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'path', root, segs: local });
+            }
+        };
+        registerWbOwner(value, report, normSegs.slice(), inst);
+    }
+    const rootObj = inst[root];
+    const rootArr = rootObj;
+    const isRootIndex = normSegs.length === 1 && Array.isArray(rootArr) && leaf !== 'length' && String(Number(leaf)) === leaf;
+    if (isRootIndex) {
+        if (!notifyWbShared(rootObj, null)) {
+            scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'replace', root });
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!notifyWbShared(rootObj, normSegs)) {
+        scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'path', root, segs: normSegs });
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+/**
+ * Array-item leaf write without segs array alloc (`rows[i].label = v`).
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string|number} idx
+ * @param {string} leaf
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+export function __vmzWritePathItem(inst, root, idx, leaf, value) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return value;
+    if (!root || leaf == null)
+        return value;
+    const arr = inst[root];
+    if (!Array.isArray(arr))
+        return value;
+    const item = arr[idx];
+    if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+        return value;
+    if (Object.is(item[leaf], value))
+        return value;
+    item[leaf] = value;
+    if (tryInlineLeafApply(inst, root, idx, leaf, item))
+        return value;
+    notifyArrayItemLeaf(inst, root, idx, leaf);
+    return value;
+}
+/**
+ * In-place two-index swap on an owned list field (WriteBarrier Slice 5).
+ * Prefers eachBlock O(1) DOM transpose hook; otherwise schedules a list replace.
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {number|string} ia
+ * @param {number|string} ib
+ */
+export function __vmzListTranspose(inst, root, ia, ib) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed || !root)
+        return;
+    const arr = inst[root];
+    if (!Array.isArray(arr))
+        return;
+    const a = +ia;
+    const b = +ib;
+    if (a === b || a < 0 || b < 0 || a >= arr.length || b >= arr.length)
+        return;
+    const tmp = arr[a];
+    arr[a] = arr[b];
+    arr[b] = tmp;
+    const hook = inst.__vmzEachTranspose && inst.__vmzEachTranspose[root];
+    if (typeof hook === 'function' && hook(a, b) === true)
+        return;
+    scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'replace', root });
+}
+/**
+ * Compound leaf write (`rows[i].label += x`) — one item touch, no separate ReadPath.
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string[]} segs
+ * @param {string} op
+ * @param {any} rhs
+ */
+export function __vmzWritePathCompound(inst, root, segs, op, rhs) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return undefined;
+    if (!root || !Array.isArray(segs) || segs.length === 0)
+        return undefined;
+    if (segs.length === 2) {
+        return __vmzWritePathCompoundItem(inst, root, segs[0], segs[1], op, rhs);
+    }
+    const cur = __vmzReadPath(inst, root, segs);
+    const value = applyCompoundOp(op, cur, rhs);
+    return __vmzWritePath(inst, root, segs, value);
+}
+/**
+ * Array-item compound without segs array alloc (`rows[i].label += x`).
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string|number} idx
+ * @param {string} leaf
+ * @param {string} op
+ * @param {any} rhs
+ */
+export function __vmzWritePathCompoundItem(inst, root, idx, leaf, op, rhs) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return undefined;
+    if (!root || leaf == null)
+        return undefined;
+    const arr = inst[root];
+    if (!Array.isArray(arr))
+        return undefined;
+    const item = arr[idx];
+    if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+        return undefined;
+    const cur = item[leaf];
+    const value = applyCompoundOp(op, cur, rhs);
+    if (Object.is(cur, value))
+        return value;
+    item[leaf] = value;
+    if (tryInlineLeafApply(inst, root, idx, leaf, item))
+        return value;
+    notifyArrayItemLeaf(inst, root, idx, leaf);
+    return value;
+}
+/**
+ * Stride compound over an owned array (`for (i=start; i<n; i+=step) arr[i].leaf op= rhs`).
+ * Mutates + applies DOM in one pass when eachBlock leaf hook is installed (update-every-Nth).
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string} leaf
+ * @param {string} op
+ * @param {any} rhs
+ * @param {number|string} start
+ * @param {number|string} step
+ */
+export function __vmzArrayItemCompoundStride(inst, root, leaf, op, rhs, start, step) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed || !root || leaf == null)
+        return;
+    // Prefer eachBlock-owned loop (hoisted applyByField, no per-index hook lookup).
+    const owned = inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride && inst.__vmzEachCompoundStride[root];
+    if (typeof owned === 'function' && owned(leaf, op, rhs, start, step) === true)
+        return;
+    const arr = inst[root];
+    if (!Array.isArray(arr))
+        return;
+    const s = +start || 0;
+    const st = +step || 0;
+    if (st <= 0)
+        return;
+    const n = arr.length;
+    const canInline = typeof inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf === 'object' &&
+        typeof inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf[root] === 'function' &&
+        ((inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) > 0 || inst.__vmzFlushSync);
+    const applyLeaf = canInline ? inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf[root] : null;
+    // Hot path: string `+=` with inline DOM — no switch / Object.is / idxs.
+    if (op === '+' && applyLeaf) {
+        for (let i = s; i < n; i += st) {
+            const item = arr[i];
+            if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+                continue;
+            item[leaf] = item[leaf] + rhs;
+            applyLeaf(i, leaf, item);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    /** @type {number[]} */
+    const idxs = [];
+    for (let i = s; i < n; i += st) {
+        const item = arr[i];
+        if (item == null || typeof item !== 'object')
+            continue;
+        const cur = item[leaf];
+        const value = applyCompoundOp(op, cur, rhs);
+        if (Object.is(cur, value))
+            continue;
+        item[leaf] = value;
+        if (applyLeaf && applyLeaf(i, leaf, item) === true)
+            continue;
+        idxs.push(i);
+    }
+    if (!idxs.length)
+        return;
+    if (typeof inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty === 'function' && ((inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) > 0 || inst.__vmzFlushSync)) {
+        inst.__vmzLeafDirty = { root, field: leaf, idxs };
+        inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = true;
+        return;
+    }
+    for (let k = 0; k < idxs.length; k++) {
+        notifyArrayItemLeaf(inst, root, idxs[k], leaf);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * During event flush, apply a leaf via eachBlock hook (vanillajs-style mutate+DOM).
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string|number} idx
+ * @param {string} leaf
+ * @param {any} item
+ */
+function tryInlineLeafApply(inst, root, idx, leaf, item) {
+    if (!((inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) > 0 || inst.__vmzFlushSync))
+        return false;
+    const hook = inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf && inst.__vmzEachApplyLeaf[root];
+    if (typeof hook !== 'function')
+        return false;
+    return hook(+idx, leaf, item) === true;
+}
+/**
+ * Compiler-inserted array mutator barrier (push/pop/splice/…).
+ * Applies the mutator on the plain array and schedules a structural notice
+ * at `root` + `baseSegs` (empty baseSegs → field replace).
+ *
+ * @param {any} inst
+ * @param {string} root
+ * @param {string[]} baseSegs
+ * @param {string} method
+ * @param {any[]} args
+ */
+export function __vmzArrayMutate(inst, root, baseSegs, method, args) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return undefined;
+    if (!root || typeof method !== 'string')
+        return undefined;
+    const segs = Array.isArray(baseSegs) ? baseSegs.map((s) => String(s)) : [];
+    let arr = inst[root];
+    if (arr == null || typeof arr !== 'object')
+        return undefined;
+    for (let i = 0; i < segs.length; i++) {
+        arr = arr[segs[i]];
+        if (arr == null || typeof arr !== 'object')
+            return undefined;
+    }
+    if (!Array.isArray(arr) || typeof arr[method] !== 'function')
+        return undefined;
+    const list = Array.isArray(args) ? args : [];
+    const ret = arr[method](...list);
+    const rootObj = inst[root];
+    if (segs.length === 0) {
+        if (!notifyWbShared(rootObj, null)) {
+            scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'replace', root });
+        }
+    }
+    else if (!notifyWbShared(rootObj, segs)) {
+        scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'path', root, segs: segs.slice() });
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+function makeReactive(inst, stateKeys) {
+    const barrier = !!inst.constructor.__vmzWriteBarrier;
+    for (const key of stateKeys) {
+        if (!key || key.startsWith('#'))
+            continue;
+        const desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(inst, key);
+        if (desc && desc.set && desc.get && !desc.writable)
+            continue;
+        /** @param {string[] | null} segs null/empty → replace field */
+        const report = (segs) => {
+            if (!segs || segs.length === 0) {
+                scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'replace', root: key });
+            }
+            else {
+                scheduleRefresh(inst, { type: 'path', root: key, segs });
+            }
+        };
+        // WriteBarrier components keep plain objects — nested writes go through __vmzWritePath.
+        let value = barrier ? inst[key] : wrapReactive(inst[key], report, []);
+        if (barrier)
+            registerWbOwner(value, report, [], inst);
+        Object.defineProperty(inst, key, {
+            configurable: true,
+            enumerable: true,
+            get() {
+                return value;
+            },
+            set(next) {
+                const wrapped = barrier ? next : wrapReactive(next, report, []);
+                if (Object.is(value, wrapped))
+                    return;
+                value = wrapped;
+                if (barrier)
+                    registerWbOwner(value, report, [], inst);
+                report(null);
+            },
+        });
+    }
+}
+/** Targets already wrapped: raw|proxy|barrier → { proxy, owners[], kind }. */
+const reactiveProxies = new WeakMap();
+/** Plain objects using defineProperty write barriers (not Proxy). */
+const writeBarrierOwned = new WeakSet();
+/**
+ * WriteBarrier: true when value is an owned plain object with path barriers (no Proxy).
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+export function __vmzIsWriteBarrierOwned(value) {
+    return writeBarrierOwned.has(value);
+}
+/**
+ * True when value is the Proxy wrapper from array (or residual) reactive wrap.
+ * @param {any} value
+ */
+export function __vmzIsReactiveProxy(value) {
+    const e = reactiveProxies.get(value);
+    return !!(e && e.kind === 'proxy' && e.proxy === value);
+}
+const ARRAY_MUTATORS = new Set(['push', 'pop', 'shift', 'unshift', 'splice', 'sort', 'reverse', 'fill', 'copyWithin']);
+/**
+ * @typedef {{ report: (segs: string[] | null) => void, baseSegs: string[] }} ReactiveOwner
+ * @typedef {{ proxy: object, owners: ReactiveOwner[], kind: 'barrier'|'proxy' }} ReactiveEntry
+ */
+function sameSegs(a, b) {
+    if (a.length !== b.length)
+        return false;
+    for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+        if (a[i] !== b[i])
+            return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {ReactiveEntry} entry
+ * @param {(segs: string[] | null) => void} report
+ * @param {string[]} baseSegs
+ */
+function addOwner(entry, report, baseSegs) {
+    if (entry.owners.some((o) => o.report === report && sameSegs(o.baseSegs, baseSegs))) {
+        return;
+    }
+    entry.owners.push({
+        report,
+        baseSegs: baseSegs.slice(),
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * @param {ReactiveOwner[]} owners
+ * @param {string[] | null} localSegs null = structural replace of this node
+ */
+function notifyOwners(owners, localSegs) {
+    for (const o of owners) {
+        if (localSegs == null) {
+            o.report(o.baseSegs.length ? o.baseSegs.slice() : null);
+        }
+        else {
+            o.report([...o.baseSegs, ...localSegs]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Field-owned write traps for plain objects / arrays on state fields.
+ * Plain objects: WriteBarrier via defineProperty (no Proxy).
+ * Arrays: transitional Proxy tracks list identity/mutators only; elements stay plain
+ * (no per-item wrap on large assign — nested notifies via `__vmzWritePath`).
+ * Shared raw objects notify **all** current owners.
+ *
+ * @param {any} value
+ * @param {(segs: string[] | null) => void} report
+ * @param {string[]} pathSegs path under the field root to this value
+ */
+function wrapReactive(value, report, pathSegs = []) {
+    if (value == null || typeof value !== 'object')
+        return value;
+    const existing = reactiveProxies.get(value);
+    if (existing) {
+        addOwner(existing, report, pathSegs);
+        return existing.proxy;
+    }
+    if (Array.isArray(value))
+        return wrapArray(value, report, pathSegs);
+    if (isPlainObject(value))
+        return wrapOwnedObject(value, report, pathSegs);
+    return value;
+}
+function isPlainObject(value) {
+    const proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(value);
+    return proto === Object.prototype || proto === null;
+}
+/**
+ * Path-level write barrier for owned plain objects (no Proxy).
+ */
+function wrapOwnedObject(obj, report, pathSegs) {
+    const existing = reactiveProxies.get(obj);
+    if (existing) {
+        addOwner(existing, report, pathSegs);
+        return existing.proxy;
+    }
+    /** @type {ReactiveEntry} */
+    const entry = {
+        proxy: obj,
+        owners: [],
+        kind: 'barrier',
+    };
+    addOwner(entry, report, pathSegs);
+    writeBarrierOwned.add(obj);
+    reactiveProxies.set(obj, entry);
+    for (const prop of Object.keys(obj)) {
+        installOwnedProp(obj, prop, entry);
+    }
+    return obj;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} obj
+ * @param {string} prop
+ * @param {ReactiveEntry} entry
+ */
+function installOwnedProp(obj, prop, entry) {
+    const desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, prop);
+    if (!desc || !desc.configurable)
+        return;
+    if (desc.get || desc.set)
+        return;
+    let current = obj[prop];
+    for (const o of entry.owners) {
+        current = wrapReactive(current, o.report, [...o.baseSegs, prop]);
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(obj, prop, {
+        configurable: true,
+        enumerable: desc.enumerable !== false,
+        get() {
+            return current;
+        },
+        set(next) {
+            const local = [prop];
+            let wrapped = next;
+            for (const o of entry.owners) {
+                wrapped = wrapReactive(next, o.report, [...o.baseSegs, ...local]);
+            }
+            if (Object.is(current, wrapped))
+                return;
+            current = wrapped;
+            notifyOwners(entry.owners, local);
+        },
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * Transitional array Proxy: track list identity / mutators only.
+ * Elements stay plain — no per-item defineProperty on `this.rows = largeArray`
+ * (design: WriteBarrier / list replace must not wrap 1k items). Nested field
+ * notifies go through `__vmzWritePath` or whole-array replace.
+ */
+function wrapArray(arr, report, pathSegs) {
+    const existing = reactiveProxies.get(arr);
+    if (existing) {
+        addOwner(existing, report, pathSegs);
+        return existing.proxy;
+    }
+    /** @type {ReactiveEntry} */
+    const entry = {
+        proxy: null,
+        owners: [],
+        kind: 'proxy',
+    };
+    addOwner(entry, report, pathSegs);
+    const isArrayIndex = (prop) => typeof prop === 'string' && prop !== 'length' && String(Number(prop)) === prop;
+    const proxy = new Proxy(arr, {
+        get(target, prop, receiver) {
+            if (typeof prop === 'string' && ARRAY_MUTATORS.has(prop)) {
+                const fn = target[prop];
+                return (...args) => {
+                    const ret = fn.apply(target, args);
+                    notifyOwners(entry.owners, null);
+                    return ret;
+                };
+            }
+            // Indices / length / methods: return as-is (plain elements).
+            return Reflect.get(target, prop, receiver);
+        },
+        set(target, prop, next, receiver) {
+            const prev = target[prop];
+            if (Object.is(prev, next))
+                return true;
+            const ok = Reflect.set(target, prop, next, receiver);
+            if (ok) {
+                if (prop === 'length' || isArrayIndex(prop))
+                    notifyOwners(entry.owners, null);
+                else if (typeof prop === 'string')
+                    notifyOwners(entry.owners, [prop]);
+                else
+                    notifyOwners(entry.owners, null);
+            }
+            return ok;
+        },
+        deleteProperty(target, prop) {
+            if (!(prop in target))
+                return true;
+            const ok = Reflect.deleteProperty(target, prop);
+            if (ok) {
+                notifyOwners(entry.owners, typeof prop === 'string' ? [prop] : null);
+            }
+            return ok;
+        },
+    });
+    entry.proxy = proxy;
+    reactiveProxies.set(arr, entry);
+    reactiveProxies.set(proxy, entry);
+    return proxy;
+}
+/**
+ * Coalesce field/path patches in the same turn via a dirty path trie.
+ * Still precise deps — never a full-tree re-render. Flush runs as a microtask by default;
+ * DOM event handlers drain synchronously via beginEventFlush/endEventFlush when methodRw
+ * proves the handler is sync (`async: false`, `opaque: false`).
+ * Call `await flushPending(inst)` (may return void or a Promise) for tests / immediate UI.
+ *
+ *
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {{ type: 'replace', root: string } | { type: 'path', root: string, segs: string[] } | string} notice
+ * string form is transitional field-root alias for replace.
+ */
+function scheduleRefresh(inst, notice) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed || inst.__vmzQuiet)
+        return;
+    const n = typeof notice === 'string' ? { type: 'replace', root: notice } : notice;
+    if (!n || !n.root)
+        return;
+    if (precision.enabled) {
+        precision.writes++;
+        bumpMap(precision.writesByRoot, n.root);
+    }
+    pushTrace('write', 'field', n.root, n.root);
+    if (!inst.__vmzDirtyTrie)
+        inst.__vmzDirtyTrie = Object.create(null);
+    insertDirtyNotice(inst.__vmzDirtyTrie, n);
+    // Transitional: keep notice list for flush loop emptiness check / compat.
+    if (!inst.__vmzDirtyNotices)
+        inst.__vmzDirtyNotices = [];
+    inst.__vmzDirtyNotices.push(n);
+    // Inside a UI event (or its sync flush): coalesce; endEventFlush drains without microtask hop.
+    if ((inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) > 0 || inst.__vmzFlushSync) {
+        inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = true;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (inst.__vmzFlushScheduled)
+        return;
+    inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = true;
+    queueMicrotask(() => {
+        inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = false;
+        const p = flushPending(inst);
+        if (p && typeof p.then === 'function') {
+            p.catch((err) => console.error('vmz:dom flush', err));
+        }
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * Infer `this.<method>(...)` from a compiled click arrow / bag handler.
+ * @param {Function} handler
+ * @returns {string | null}
+ */
+function inferHandlerMethod(handler) {
+    if (typeof handler !== 'function')
+        return null;
+    if (Object.hasOwn(handler, '__vmzMethod')) {
+        return handler.__vmzMethod;
+    }
+    let name = null;
+    try {
+        const src = Function.prototype.toString.call(handler);
+        const m = src.match(/this\.([A-Za-z_$][\w$]*)\s*\(/);
+        name = m ? m[1] : null;
+    }
+    catch {
+        name = null;
+    }
+    try {
+        handler.__vmzMethod = name;
+    }
+    catch {
+        /* non-extensible function */
+    }
+    return name;
+}
+/**
+ * Sync event flush only when `__vmzMethodRw` proves the method is non-async / non-opaque.
+ * Missing summary → sync (Direct UI default). Async/opaque → microtask coalesce.
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} methodName
+ */
+function methodAllowsSyncEventFlush(inst, methodName) {
+    if (!inst)
+        return false;
+    if (!methodName)
+        return true;
+    const table = inst.constructor && inst.constructor.__vmzMethodRw;
+    const rw = table && table[methodName];
+    if (!rw)
+        return true;
+    if (rw.async || rw.opaque)
+        return false;
+    return true;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string | null | undefined} methodHint
+ * @param {() => any} fn
+ */
+function runDomEventHandler(inst, methodHint, fn) {
+    const sync = methodAllowsSyncEventFlush(inst, methodHint);
+    if (sync)
+        beginEventFlush(inst);
+    try {
+        return fn();
+    }
+    finally {
+        if (sync)
+            endEventFlush(inst);
+    }
+}
+function beginEventFlush(inst) {
+    if (!inst)
+        return;
+    inst.__vmzEventDepth = (inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) + 1;
+}
+function endEventFlush(inst) {
+    if (!inst)
+        return;
+    inst.__vmzEventDepth = Math.max(0, (inst.__vmzEventDepth || 0) - 1);
+    if (inst.__vmzEventDepth !== 0 || !inst.__vmzFlushScheduled)
+        return;
+    // Keep __vmzFlushSync so nested writes during flush stay off the microtask path.
+    inst.__vmzFlushSync = true;
+    try {
+        inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = false;
+        const ret = flushPending(inst);
+        if (ret && typeof ret.then === 'function') {
+            ret.catch((err) => console.error('vmz:dom flush', err));
+        }
+    }
+    finally {
+        inst.__vmzFlushSync = false;
+        // Async binder left dirties: fall back to microtask coalesce.
+        if (inst.__vmzFlushScheduled) {
+            const again = inst.__vmzFlushScheduled;
+            inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = false;
+            if (again) {
+                inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = true;
+                queueMicrotask(() => {
+                    inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = false;
+                    const p = flushPending(inst);
+                    if (p && typeof p.then === 'function') {
+                        p.catch((err) => console.error('vmz:dom flush', err));
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Promote an abandoned leaf batch into the dirty trie so mixed writes stay correct.
+ * @param {object} inst
+ */
+function promoteLeafDirtyToTrie(inst) {
+    const ld = inst.__vmzLeafDirty;
+    if (!ld || !ld.idxs || !ld.idxs.length) {
+        inst.__vmzLeafDirty = null;
+        return;
+    }
+    inst.__vmzLeafDirty = null;
+    if (!inst.__vmzDirtyTrie)
+        inst.__vmzDirtyTrie = Object.create(null);
+    if (!inst.__vmzDirtyNotices)
+        inst.__vmzDirtyNotices = [];
+    const field = ld.field;
+    const root = ld.root;
+    for (let k = 0; k < ld.idxs.length; k++) {
+        const segs = [String(ld.idxs[k]), field];
+        insertDirtyNotice(inst.__vmzDirtyTrie, { type: 'path', root, segs });
+        inst.__vmzDirtyNotices.push({ type: 'path', root, segs });
+    }
+    inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = true;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {Record<string, any>} trie
+ * @param {{ type: string, root: string, segs?: string[] }} notice
+ */
+function insertDirtyNotice(trie, notice) {
+    if (notice.type === 'replace') {
+        trie[notice.root] = { replace: true };
+        return;
+    }
+    const segs = notice.segs || [];
+    let node = trie[notice.root];
+    if (node && node.replace)
+        return;
+    if (!node) {
+        node = { children: Object.create(null) };
+        trie[notice.root] = node;
+    }
+    if (!segs.length) {
+        trie[notice.root] = { replace: true };
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!node.children)
+        node.children = Object.create(null);
+    let cur = node;
+    for (let i = 0; i < segs.length; i++) {
+        const seg = segs[i];
+        if (cur.dirty)
+            return; // ancestor already dirty
+        if (!cur.children)
+            cur.children = Object.create(null);
+        if (i === segs.length - 1) {
+            cur.children[seg] = { dirty: true };
+            return;
+        }
+        let next = cur.children[seg];
+        if (!next) {
+            next = { children: Object.create(null) };
+            cur.children[seg] = next;
+        }
+        else if (next.dirty) {
+            return;
+        }
+        else if (!next.children) {
+            next.children = Object.create(null);
+        }
+        cur = next;
+    }
+}
+/** @param {object} inst */
+export function flushPending(inst) {
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed)
+        return undefined;
+    inst.__vmzFlushScheduled = false;
+    // rowKernel leaf batch (event update): apply before trie emptiness check.
+    if (typeof inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty === 'function') {
+        try {
+            inst.__vmzDrainLeafDirty();
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error('vmz:dom leafDirty', err);
+        }
+    }
+    let guard = 0;
+    while (!inst.__vmzDestroyed &&
+        (dirtyTrieHasEntries(inst.__vmzDirtyTrie) || (inst.__vmzDirtyNotices && inst.__vmzDirtyNotices.length > 0)) &&
+        guard++ < 64) {
+        const trie = inst.__vmzDirtyTrie || Object.create(null);
+        inst.__vmzDirtyTrie = Object.create(null);
+        if (inst.__vmzDirtyNotices)
+            inst.__vmzDirtyNotices.length = 0;
+        inst.__vmzFlushTrie = trie;
+        const jobs = [];
+        // Prefer BindingId scheduling (IR). String `__vmzBinders` is adapter-only.
+        // Pass `trie` into refresh — dirty map is cleared above before patches run.
+        try {
+            const bindingIds = bindingIdsMatchingTrie(inst, trie);
+            const coveredDeps = Object.create(null);
+            for (const id of bindingIds) {
+                const entry = inst.__vmzBindings && inst.__vmzBindings[id];
+                if (entry) {
+                    for (const d of entry.deps || [])
+                        coveredDeps[d] = true;
+                }
+                jobs.push(...refreshBinding(inst, id, trie));
+            }
+            for (const key of binderKeysMatchingTrie(inst, trie)) {
+                if (coveredDeps[key] || (inst.__vmzDepToBindings && inst.__vmzDepToBindings[key]?.length)) {
+                    // BindingId path already flushed IR patches for this dep.
+                    // Still run binder-only patches (bindComponentProp uses bindingId null).
+                    jobs.push(...refreshFieldBinderOnly(inst, key));
+                    continue;
+                }
+                jobs.push(...refreshField(inst, key));
+            }
+            const pending = jobs.filter((j) => j && typeof j.then === 'function');
+            if (pending.length) {
+                // Async binders: resume after they settle (default microtask path after).
+                return Promise.all(pending).then(() => flushPending(inst));
+            }
+        }
+        finally {
+            inst.__vmzFlushTrie = null;
+        }
+    }
+    return undefined;
+}
+/** Avoid `Object.keys(trie).length` alloc on the common empty-after-leaf-drain path. */
+function dirtyTrieHasEntries(trie) {
+    if (!trie)
+        return false;
+    for (const _ in trie)
+        return true;
+    return false;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {Record<string, any>} trie
+ * @returns {Array<number|string>}
+ */
+function bindingIdsMatchingTrie(inst, trie) {
+    const index = inst.__vmzDepToBindings;
+    if (!index)
+        return [];
+    const out = [];
+    const seen = Object.create(null);
+    for (const key of Object.keys(index)) {
+        if (!depMatchesTrie(trie, key))
+            continue;
+        for (const id of index[key]) {
+            const k = String(id);
+            if (seen[k])
+                continue;
+            seen[k] = true;
+            out.push(id);
+        }
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {Record<string, any>} trie
+ * @returns {string[]}
+ */
+function binderKeysMatchingTrie(inst, trie) {
+    const binders = inst.__vmzBinders;
+    if (!binders)
+        return [];
+    const out = [];
+    for (const key of Object.keys(binders)) {
+        if (depMatchesTrie(trie, key))
+            out.push(key);
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {Record<string, any>} trie
+ * @param {string} key
+ */
+function depMatchesTrie(trie, key) {
+    const root = depRootField(key);
+    const node = trie[root];
+    if (!node)
+        return false;
+    if (node.replace) {
+        return key === root || key === `${root}.*` || key.startsWith(`${root}.`) || key.startsWith(`${root}[`);
+    }
+    if (key === `${root}.*`) {
+        // Bare `field.*` soft/structure channel: item replace / array structure only —
+        // NOT deep leaf writes (`tags.0.label`); those use `tags.*.label` BindingId.
+        return structureStarMatches(node);
+    }
+    // Bare field: replace-only.
+    if (key === root)
+        return false;
+    // Path channel: `tags.*.label` — wildcard index under list root.
+    const starPrefix = `${root}.*`;
+    if (key === starPrefix || key.startsWith(`${starPrefix}.`)) {
+        const rest = key === starPrefix
+            ? []
+            : key
+                .slice(starPrefix.length + 1)
+                .split('.')
+                .filter(Boolean);
+        return wildcardIndexDirtyCovers(node, rest);
+    }
+    // Stable ListItem form `tags[key=…].label` — treat `[key=…]` as wildcard index.
+    if (key.startsWith(`${root}[`)) {
+        const afterBracket = key.indexOf(']');
+        if (afterBracket > root.length) {
+            const rest = key.length > afterBracket + 1 && key[afterBracket + 1] === '.'
+                ? key
+                    .slice(afterBracket + 2)
+                    .split('.')
+                    .filter(Boolean)
+                : [];
+            return wildcardIndexDirtyCovers(node, rest);
+        }
+    }
+    const segs = key
+        .slice(root.length + 1)
+        .split('.')
+        .filter(Boolean);
+    return pathDirtyCovers(node, segs);
+}
+/** `tags.*` structure soft-refresh: replace or index-level dirty, not leaf-only. */
+function structureStarMatches(node) {
+    if (!node)
+        return false;
+    if (node.replace || node.dirty)
+        return true;
+    if (!node.children)
+        return false;
+    for (const idx of Object.keys(node.children)) {
+        const child = node.children[idx];
+        // Index node dirty/replace → item identity changed.
+        if (child && (child.replace || child.dirty))
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+/** `tags.*.label` / `tags[key=x].label` vs dirty trie under `tags`. */
+function wildcardIndexDirtyCovers(node, restSegs) {
+    if (!node || node.replace)
+        return !!node?.replace;
+    if (node.dirty)
+        return true;
+    if (!node.children)
+        return false;
+    for (const idx of Object.keys(node.children)) {
+        const child = node.children[idx];
+        if (restSegs.length === 0) {
+            if (trieHasAnyDirty(child))
+                return true;
+        }
+        else if (pathDirtyCovers(child, restSegs)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+function trieHasAnyDirty(node) {
+    if (!node || node.replace)
+        return !!node;
+    if (node.dirty)
+        return true;
+    if (!node.children)
+        return false;
+    for (const k of Object.keys(node.children)) {
+        if (trieHasAnyDirty(node.children[k]))
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+/**
+ * Wake if write is at/under dep, or dep is under write (parent covers children).
+ * @param {any} node root trie node for field
+ * @param {string[]} depSegs
+ */
+function pathDirtyCovers(node, depSegs) {
+    let cur = node;
+    for (let i = 0; i < depSegs.length; i++) {
+        if (!cur || cur.replace)
+            return !!cur?.replace;
+        if (cur.dirty)
+            return true; // write parent covers this dep
+        if (!cur.children)
+            return false;
+        const next = cur.children[depSegs[i]];
+        if (!next) {
+            // No write along this dep path — but a write under a prefix?
+            return false;
+        }
+        cur = next;
+    }
+    // Reached dep node: wake if dirty here or any dirty descendant (write under dep).
+    return trieHasAnyDirty(cur);
+}
+/**
+ * Dual-track match retained for tests / tooling.
+ * @param {{ type: string, root: string, segs?: string[] }} notice
+ * @param {string} key
+ */
+function noticeMatchesDepKey(notice, key) {
+    const trie = Object.create(null);
+    insertDirtyNotice(trie, notice);
+    return depMatchesTrie(trie, key);
+}
+/** Root field name from a dep key string (`user.name` → `user`, `tags.*` → `tags`). */
+function depRootField(dep) {
+    if (!dep)
+        return '';
+    const star = dep.indexOf('.*');
+    if (star >= 0)
+        return dep.slice(0, star);
+    const dot = dep.indexOf('.');
+    if (dot >= 0)
+        return dep.slice(0, dot);
+    const bracket = dep.indexOf('[');
+    if (bracket >= 0)
+        return dep.slice(0, bracket);
+    return dep;
+}
+/** Precise patches only — no full-tree fallback. @returns {Promise[]} */
+function refreshBinding(inst, bindingId, dirtyTrie = null) {
+    const entry = inst.__vmzBindings && inst.__vmzBindings[bindingId];
+    const jobs = [];
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed || bindingId == null || !entry) {
+        return jobs;
+    }
+    const depKey = (entry.deps && entry.deps[0]) || null;
+    const trie = dirtyTrie || inst.__vmzDirtyTrie;
+    const allowIdx = itemIndicesAllowedForDeps(trie, entry.deps);
+    for (const fn of entry.patches) {
+        if (allowIdx && !patchMatchesDirtyIndex(fn, allowIdx))
+            continue;
+        try {
+            const ret = runPatch(fn, depKey, bindingId);
+            if (ret && typeof ret.then === 'function')
+                jobs.push(ret);
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error('vmz:dom patch', err);
+        }
+    }
+    return jobs;
+}
+/**
+ * For ListItem path-channel deps (`tags.*.label`), restrict to dirty indices.
+ * @param {Record<string, any>|null|undefined} trie
+ * @param {string[]|null|undefined} deps
+ * @returns {Set<string>|null} null = run all patches (replace / non-list deps)
+ */
+function itemIndicesAllowedForDeps(trie, deps) {
+    if (!trie || !deps || !deps.length)
+        return null;
+    let sawListChannel = false;
+    /** @type {Set<string>|null} */
+    let allow = null;
+    for (const dep of deps) {
+        const root = depRootField(dep);
+        if (!root)
+            continue;
+        const starPrefix = `${root}.*`;
+        const isListChannel = dep === starPrefix || dep.startsWith(`${starPrefix}.`) || (dep.startsWith(`${root}[`) && dep.includes(']'));
+        if (!isListChannel)
+            return null;
+        sawListChannel = true;
+        const node = trie[root];
+        if (!node)
+            continue;
+        if (node.replace || node.dirty)
+            return null; // whole list
+        if (!node.children)
+            continue;
+        if (!allow)
+            allow = new Set();
+        for (const idx of Object.keys(node.children)) {
+            const child = node.children[idx];
+            if (!child)
+                continue;
+            if (child.replace || child.dirty || trieHasAnyDirty(child)) {
+                allow.add(String(idx));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (!sawListChannel)
+        return null;
+    return allow && allow.size ? allow : null;
+}
+/**
+ * If every allowed list index is dirty on exactly the same single item field, return that field.
+ * Used to hoist one monomorphic `applyByField[field]` across the update batch.
+ * @param {Record<string, any> | null | undefined} trie
+ * @param {string} listRoot
+ * @param {Set<string>} allowIdx
+ * @returns {string | null}
+ */
+function soleDirtyItemField(trie, listRoot, allowIdx) {
+    if (!trie || !listRoot || !allowIdx || !allowIdx.size)
+        return null;
+    const node = trie[listRoot];
+    if (!node || node.replace || node.dirty || !node.children)
+        return null;
+    // Peek first index for the sole dirty field, then verify the rest match.
+    // Fast path: index child has a single key (typical WritePath leaf) — no sibling scan.
+    let field = null;
+    for (const idx of allowIdx) {
+        const child = node.children[String(idx)];
+        if (!child || child.replace || child.dirty || !child.children)
+            return null;
+        const kids = child.children;
+        const keys = Object.keys(kids);
+        if (keys.length === 1) {
+            const f = keys[0];
+            const n = kids[f];
+            if (!n || !(n.dirty || n.replace || trieHasAnyDirty(n)))
+                return null;
+            if (field == null)
+                field = f;
+            else if (field !== f)
+                return null;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (field == null) {
+            for (let k = 0; k < keys.length; k++) {
+                const f = keys[k];
+                const n = kids[f];
+                if (n && (n.dirty || n.replace || trieHasAnyDirty(n))) {
+                    if (field != null)
+                        return null;
+                    field = f;
+                }
+            }
+            if (field == null)
+                return null;
+            continue;
+        }
+        const n = kids[field];
+        if (!n || !(n.dirty || n.replace || trieHasAnyDirty(n)))
+            return null;
+        for (let k = 0; k < keys.length; k++) {
+            const f = keys[k];
+            if (f === field)
+                continue;
+            const o = kids[f];
+            if (o && (o.dirty || o.replace || trieHasAnyDirty(o)))
+                return null;
+        }
+    }
+    return field;
+}
+/**
+ * Dirty item field names at list index (`rows.3.label` → `["label"]`).
+ * @returns {string[]|null} null = whole item / unknown → full apply; [] = nothing
+ */
+function dirtyItemFieldsAt(trie, listRoot, idx) {
+    if (!trie || !listRoot)
+        return null;
+    const node = trie[listRoot];
+    if (!node)
+        return [];
+    if (node.replace || node.dirty)
+        return null;
+    const child = node.children && node.children[String(idx)];
+    if (!child)
+        return [];
+    if (child.replace || child.dirty)
+        return null;
+    if (!child.children)
+        return null;
+    /** @type {string[]} */
+    const out = [];
+    for (const field of Object.keys(child.children)) {
+        const n = child.children[field];
+        if (n && (n.dirty || n.replace || trieHasAnyDirty(n)))
+            out.push(field);
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+function patchMatchesDirtyIndex(fn, allowIdx) {
+    const idx = fn && fn.__vmzItemIndex;
+    if (idx == null || idx === '')
+        return true;
+    return allowIdx.has(String(idx));
+}
+/** Legacy string-key patches (hand blueprints without BindingId). @returns {Promise[]} */
+function refreshField(inst, field) {
+    const binders = inst.__vmzBinders;
+    const jobs = [];
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed || !field || !binders || !binders[field]) {
+        return jobs;
+    }
+    for (const fn of binders[field]) {
+        try {
+            const ret = runPatch(fn, field, null);
+            if (ret && typeof ret.then === 'function')
+                jobs.push(ret);
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error('vmz:dom patch', err);
+        }
+    }
+    return jobs;
+}
+/**
+ * Run `__vmzBinders` patches that are not owned by a BindingId entry.
+ * Needed so `bindComponentProp` (bindingId null) still flushes when the same
+ * dep also has IR bindText/bindAttr BindingIds.
+ * @returns {Promise[]}
+ */
+function refreshFieldBinderOnly(inst, field) {
+    const binders = inst.__vmzBinders;
+    const jobs = [];
+    if (!inst || inst.__vmzDestroyed || !field || !binders || !binders[field]) {
+        return jobs;
+    }
+    for (const fn of binders[field]) {
+        if (patchHasBindingId(inst, fn))
+            continue;
+        try {
+            const ret = runPatch(fn, field, null);
+            if (ret && typeof ret.then === 'function')
+                jobs.push(ret);
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            console.error('vmz:dom patch', err);
+        }
+    }
+    return jobs;
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {number|string} bindingId
+ * @param {string[]} deps
+ */
+function reindexBindingDeps(inst, bindingId, deps) {
+    if (!inst.__vmzDepToBindings)
+        inst.__vmzDepToBindings = Object.create(null);
+    const entry = inst.__vmzBindings[bindingId];
+    if (!entry)
+        return;
+    for (const dep of entry.deps || []) {
+        const list = inst.__vmzDepToBindings[dep];
+        if (!list)
+            continue;
+        const j = list.indexOf(bindingId);
+        if (j >= 0)
+            list.splice(j, 1);
+        if (list.length === 0)
+            delete inst.__vmzDepToBindings[dep];
+    }
+    entry.deps = [...(deps || [])];
+    for (const dep of entry.deps) {
+        if (!inst.__vmzDepToBindings[dep])
+            inst.__vmzDepToBindings[dep] = [];
+        if (!inst.__vmzDepToBindings[dep].includes(bindingId)) {
+            inst.__vmzDepToBindings[dep].push(bindingId);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string[]} deps
+ * @param {() => any} fn
+ * @param {number|string|null|undefined} [bindingId]
+ */
+function registerBind(inst, deps, fn, bindingId = null) {
+    if (!inst.__vmzBinders)
+        inst.__vmzBinders = Object.create(null);
+    for (const dep of deps || []) {
+        if (!inst.__vmzBinders[dep])
+            inst.__vmzBinders[dep] = [];
+        inst.__vmzBinders[dep].push(fn);
+    }
+    if (bindingId == null)
+        return;
+    if (!inst.__vmzBindings)
+        inst.__vmzBindings = Object.create(null);
+    let entry = inst.__vmzBindings[bindingId];
+    if (!entry) {
+        entry = { id: bindingId, deps: [], patches: [] };
+        inst.__vmzBindings[bindingId] = entry;
+    }
+    if (!entry.patches.includes(fn))
+        entry.patches.push(fn);
+    reindexBindingDeps(inst, bindingId, deps || []);
+}
+/**
+ * @param {object} inst
+ * @param {string[]} deps
+ * @param {() => any} fn
+ * @param {number|string|null|undefined} [bindingId]
+ */
+function unregisterBind(inst, deps, fn, bindingId = null) {
+    const binders = inst.__vmzBinders;
+    if (binders) {
+        for (const dep of deps || []) {
+            const list = binders[dep];
+            if (!list)
+                continue;
+            const i = list.indexOf(fn);
+            if (i >= 0)
+                list.splice(i, 1);
+            if (list.length === 0)
+                delete binders[dep];
+        }
+    }
+    if (bindingId == null || !inst.__vmzBindings)
+        return;
+    const entry = inst.__vmzBindings[bindingId];
+    if (!entry)
+        return;
+    const i = entry.patches.indexOf(fn);
+    if (i >= 0)
+        entry.patches.splice(i, 1);
+    if (entry.patches.length === 0) {
+        reindexBindingDeps(inst, bindingId, []);
+        delete inst.__vmzBindings[bindingId];
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * True when the container already has meaningful DOM (SSR / resume shell).
+ * @param {Element} el
+ */
+export function hasMeaningfulChild(el) {
+    for (const n of el.childNodes) {
+        if (n.nodeType === 1)
+            return true;
+        if (n.nodeType === 3 && String(n.textContent).trim() !== '')
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+function patchHasBindingId(inst, fn) {
+    const bindings = inst && inst.__vmzBindings;
+    if (!bindings)
+        return false;
+    for (const id of Object.keys(bindings)) {
+        const patches = bindings[id].patches;
+        if (patches && patches.includes(fn))
+            return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+/** Tag each-item patches with list index for ListItem path-channel filtering. */
+function tagItemPatches(patches, index) {
+    if (!patches)
+        return;
+    const idx = String(index);
+    for (const p of patches) {
+        if (typeof p === 'function')
+            p.__vmzItemIndex = idx;
+    }
+}