@visiolab/effect-firebase 0.0.0-stage → 0.3.0

package/src/firestore/internal/firestoreModel.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1242 @@
+import {
+  Effect,
+  Predicate,
+  Schema,
+  SchemaAST,
+  SchemaGetter,
+  SchemaIssue,
+  Result,
+  SchemaParser,
+} from "effect";
+import { VariantSchema } from "effect/schema";
+import type * as FirestoreModel from "../FirestoreModel.ts";
+import type * as FirestoreSchema from "../FirestoreSchema.ts";
+import * as fieldValue from "./fieldValue.ts";
+import * as firestoreSchema from "./firestoreSchema.ts";
+import * as firestoreValue from "./firestoreValue.ts";
+import * as firestoreValueWalk from "./firestoreValueWalk.ts";
+import * as patch from "./patch.ts";
+
+const Variants = VariantSchema.make({
+  variants: ["read", "create", "update"],
+  defaultVariant: "read",
+});
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Field = Variants.Field;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const FieldOnly = Variants.FieldOnly;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const FieldExcept = Variants.FieldExcept;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Struct = Variants.Struct;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const fieldEvolve = Variants.fieldEvolve;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const extract = Variants.extract;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const UnionTypeId = "~@visiolab/effect-firebase/firestore/FirestoreModel/Union";
+
+// What `VariantSchema` tells a field by, which a union carries to be extracted
+// variant by variant inside a struct, as a field is. Effect does not export
+// it, so it is written out here: one more reliance on Effect internals of the
+// kind ADR 0002 accepts, held safe by `effect` being pinned to an exact version.
+const FieldTypeId = "~effect/schema/VariantSchema/Field";
+
+type Members = ReadonlyArray<VariantSchema.Struct<any>>;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const fields = <A extends VariantSchema.Struct<any>>(
+  self: A,
+): A[typeof VariantSchema.TypeId] => VariantSchema.fields(self);
+
+/** @internal */
+export const RecordTypeId = "~@visiolab/effect-firebase/firestore/FirestoreModel/Record";
+
+/**
+ * Where an update goes one level down when flattening: at the keys of a struct,
+ * or at every key of a Record, whatever it is. A key missing from both is a
+ * value, written whole.
+ */
+interface Shape {
+  readonly fields: { readonly [key: string]: Shape };
+  readonly rest: { readonly value: Shape | undefined } | undefined;
+}
+
+/** The keys of a Record that only the data names, and what each of them holds. */
+interface Rest<A> {
+  readonly key: Schema.Top;
+  readonly value: A;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A path an update writes at, one segment per key: the name of a field, or the
+ * schema of the key of a Record, which encodes whatever key sits there.
+ */
+type Path = ReadonlyArray<string | Schema.Top>;
+
+/**
+ * The schemas an update writes at: by path where it only goes through fields,
+ * and by the pattern of the paths where it goes through a Record.
+ */
+interface Paths {
+  readonly known: Record<string, Schema.Top>;
+  readonly patterns: Map<string, Schema.Top>;
+}
+
+/** No path yet, to gather an update's into. */
+const emptyPaths = (): Paths => ({ known: {}, patterns: new Map() });
+
+/**
+ * Throws on a field name holding a dot, which a path would read as two.
+ */
+const assertFieldName = (key: string): void => {
+  if (key.includes(".")) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid Firestore field name "${key}": it must not contain "."`);
+  }
+};
+
+/** The reason a key is not one a path can name on its own, if it is not. */
+const unaddressable = (key: string): string | undefined =>
+  key === "" ? "must not be empty" : key.includes(".") ? 'must not contain "."' : undefined;
+
+/** A key a path names on its own, which is a non-empty one holding no dot. */
+const Segment = Schema.String.check(Schema.isPattern(/^[^.]+$/));
+
+/** Where a path sits, with `*` for each key only the data names. */
+const where = (path: Path): string =>
+  path.map((segment) => (Schema.isSchema(segment) ? "*" : segment)).join(".");
+
+/**
+ * The parts of the template literal a path matches: the names of the fields
+ * along it, joined by dots, and `key` for each key of a Record.
+ */
+const template = <A>(path: Path, key: (schema: Schema.Top, i: number) => A): Array<string | A> => {
+  const parts: Array<string | A> = [];
+  let literal = "";
+  path.forEach((segment, i) => {
+    if (i > 0) {
+      literal += ".";
+    }
+    if (Schema.isSchema(segment)) {
+      if (literal !== "") {
+        parts.push(literal);
+      }
+      parts.push(key(segment, i));
+      literal = "";
+    } else {
+      literal += segment;
+    }
+  });
+  if (literal !== "") {
+    parts.push(literal);
+  }
+  return parts;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The key of a pattern of paths, as an update is written with it and as
+ * Firestore holds it: each key of a Record is encoded by the Record's key
+ * schema, and refused where its encoded form is one no path can name.
+ */
+const PathKey = (path: Path): Schema.Top => {
+  const encoded = template(path, (key, i) =>
+    Schema.String.check(
+      Schema.makeFilter((segment: string) => {
+        const reason = unaddressable(segment);
+        return reason === undefined
+          ? undefined
+          : `Invalid Firestore field name "${segment}" in "${where(path.slice(0, i))}": it ${reason}`;
+      }),
+    ).pipe(Schema.decodeTo(key as Schema.Codec<unknown, string>)),
+  );
+  const decoded = template(path, (key) => (recordKeys(key).rest ? Segment : Schema.toType(key)));
+  const parser = Schema.TemplateLiteralParser(encoded as any) as unknown as Schema.Codec<
+    ReadonlyArray<unknown>,
+    string
+  >;
+  return parser.pipe(
+    Schema.decodeTo(Schema.TemplateLiteral(decoded as any) as Schema.Codec<string, string>, {
+      decode: SchemaGetter.transform((parts) => parts.join("")),
+      // A key a path names holds no dot, so splitting the path at each one
+      // gives back its keys.
+      encode: SchemaGetter.transform((key) => {
+        const segments = key.split(".");
+        return template(path, (_, i) => segments[i]);
+      }),
+    }),
+  );
+};
+
+// Every key of a Record known up front sits at the same pattern, which is only
+// added once. A pattern holds no optional key, since any path it matches may be
+// left out anyway.
+const addPath = (paths: Paths, path: Path, schema: Schema.Top): void => {
+  if (path.every((segment) => typeof segment === "string")) {
+    paths.known[path.join(".")] = Schema.optionalKey(schema);
+  } else if (!paths.patterns.has(where(path))) {
+    paths.patterns.set(
+      where(path),
+      Schema.Record(PathKey(path) as Schema.Record.Key, withoutOptionalKey(schema)),
+    );
+  }
+};
+
+const variantSchema = (
+  field: unknown,
+  variant: "read" | "create" | "update",
+): Schema.Top | undefined =>
+  VariantSchema.isStruct(field)
+    ? (extract(field, variant) as Schema.Top)
+    : VariantSchema.isField(field)
+      ? (field.schemas as any)[variant]
+      : (field as Schema.Top);
+
+const updateSchema = (field: unknown): Schema.Top | undefined =>
+  VariantSchema.isStruct(field) ? undefined : variantSchema(field, "update");
+
+// What Effect itself strips a default with, though it is left out of the
+// typings.
+const replaceContext = (SchemaAST as any).replaceContext as <A extends SchemaAST.AST>(
+  ast: A,
+  context: SchemaAST.Context,
+) => A;
+
+/**
+ * Drops the default a field is constructed with. A patch leaves a key out to
+ * keep what the document holds, so filling one in would overwrite it.
+ */
+const withoutConstructorDefault = (schema: Schema.Top): Schema.Top => {
+  const context = schema.ast.context;
+  if (context?.constructorDefault === undefined) {
+    return schema;
+  }
+  return Schema.make(
+    replaceContext(
+      schema.ast,
+      new SchemaAST.Context(context.isOptional, context.isMutable, undefined, context.annotations),
+    ),
+  );
+};
+
+/**
+ * Drops the optional key a schema is made, for a value at a key only the data
+ * names, which may be missing whatever it holds.
+ */
+const withoutOptionalKey = (schema: Schema.Top): Schema.Top => {
+  const context = schema.ast.context;
+  if (context?.isOptional !== true) {
+    return schema;
+  }
+  return Schema.make(
+    replaceContext(
+      schema.ast,
+      new SchemaAST.Context(
+        false,
+        context.isMutable,
+        context.constructorDefault,
+        context.annotations,
+      ),
+    ),
+  );
+};
+
+/** The keys a Record key schema names up front, and whether the data names more. */
+const recordKeys = (key: Schema.Top): { readonly known: Array<string>; readonly rest: boolean } => {
+  const ast = Schema.Record(key as Schema.Record.Key, Schema.Unknown).ast;
+  const known = ast.propertySignatures.map(({ name }) => {
+    if (typeof name === "symbol") {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid Firestore field name ${String(name)}: it must be a string`);
+    }
+    const segment = String(name);
+    const reason = unaddressable(segment);
+    if (reason !== undefined) {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid Firestore field name "${segment}": it ${reason}`);
+    }
+    return segment;
+  });
+  const rest = ast.indexSignatures.length > 0;
+  if (rest && known.length > 0) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Invalid Record key: it names ${known.map((k) => `"${k}"`).join(", ")} besides keys only the data names, which an update cannot tell apart`,
+    );
+  }
+  return { known, rest };
+};
+
+/**
+ * What an update reaches into: a struct, or a Record. Either holds fields at
+ * keys known up front, and a Record may hold more at keys only the data names.
+ */
+interface Node {
+  readonly fields: VariantSchema.Struct.Fields;
+  /**
+   * The members of a union, which has no fields of its own to reach into: it
+   * is written whole.
+   */
+  readonly members?: Members | undefined;
+  /**
+   * The key schema of a Record keyed by literals, which a path names each of
+   * its fields by, to encode it as part of the update.
+   */
+  readonly key: Schema.Top | undefined;
+  readonly rest: Rest<unknown> | undefined;
+  /** The whole node, as `set` writes it. */
+  readonly create: () => Schema.Top;
+  /** Whether a document may go without it. */
+  readonly optional: boolean;
+  /** Whether an update writes anything at all into it. */
+  readonly writable: boolean;
+}
+
+const recordNode = (
+  key: Schema.Top,
+  value: unknown,
+  create: () => Schema.Top,
+  optional: boolean,
+): Node => {
+  const keys = recordKeys(key);
+  return {
+    fields: Object.fromEntries(keys.known.map((k) => [k, value])) as VariantSchema.Struct.Fields,
+    key: keys.rest ? undefined : key,
+    rest: keys.rest ? { key, value } : undefined,
+    create,
+    optional,
+    // A value no update writes leaves nothing of the Record to write either.
+    writable: nodeOf(value)?.writable ?? updateSchema(value) !== undefined,
+  };
+};
+
+/** Whether a field was made {@link FirestoreModel.Optional}. */
+const isOptional = (field: unknown): field is { readonly field: unknown } =>
+  Predicate.hasProperty(field, "~optionality") && field["~optionality"] === "optional";
+
+/** What a field reaches into, if it is a struct or a Record. */
+const nodeOf = (field: unknown, optional = false): Node | undefined => {
+  if (isOptional(field)) {
+    return nodeOf(field.field, true);
+  }
+  if (Predicate.hasProperty(field, UnionTypeId)) {
+    return unionNode(field[UnionTypeId] as Members, optional);
+  }
+  if (Predicate.hasProperty(field, RecordTypeId)) {
+    const { key, value } = field[RecordTypeId] as Rest<unknown>;
+    return recordNode(key, value, () => variantSchema(field, "create")!, optional);
+  }
+  if (VariantSchema.isStruct(field)) {
+    return {
+      fields: VariantSchema.fields(field),
+      key: undefined,
+      rest: undefined,
+      create: () => extract(field, "create") as Schema.Top,
+      optional,
+      writable: true,
+    };
+  }
+  return undefined;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Whether a set of fields may be written whole by an update: only where every
+ * field it holds, at any depth, is written both by `set`, whose shape a
+ * replacement takes, and by an update. Replacing one holding a field written
+ * once would change it, and one holding a field `set` leaves out would drop it.
+ */
+const isReplaceable = (fields: VariantSchema.Struct.Fields): boolean =>
+  Object.values(fields).every((field) => {
+    const node = nodeOf(field);
+    return node === undefined
+      ? variantSchema(field, "create") !== undefined && updateSchema(field) !== undefined
+      : isNodeReplaceable(node);
+  });
+
+const isNodeReplaceable = (node: Node): boolean =>
+  node.members !== undefined
+    ? node.members.every(isMemberReplaceable)
+    : isReplaceable(node.fields) &&
+      (node.rest === undefined ||
+        isReplaceable({ _: node.rest.value } as VariantSchema.Struct.Fields));
+
+const isMemberReplaceable = (member: VariantSchema.Struct<any>): boolean =>
+  isReplaceable(fields(member));
+
+/** The union of what `set` writes each of `members` as. */
+const unionCreate = (members: Members): Schema.Top =>
+  Schema.Union(members.map((member) => extract(member, "create") as Schema.Top));
+
+const unionNode = (members: Members, optional: boolean): Node => ({
+  fields: {},
+  members,
+  key: undefined,
+  rest: undefined,
+  create: () => unionCreate(members),
+  optional,
+  writable: optional || members.some(isMemberReplaceable) || hasSharedField(members.map(fields)),
+});
+
+/**
+ * The replacement of a struct, holding the struct as `create` makes it - with
+ * its constructor defaults filled in, since a default left out of a struct
+ * written whole would be a field dropped.
+ *
+ * Given several, as the unions the members of a union hold at one key are, it
+ * is made by every one of them, each of which must take it, and holds it as
+ * the first makes it. That they also store it the same way is for the schema
+ * of its path to tell - see {@link SharedValueSchema}.
+ */
+const ReplaceSchema = (creates: ReadonlyArray<Schema.Top>): Schema.Top =>
+  Schema.declareConstructor<any, any>()(
+    creates,
+    (creates) => (input, ast, options) => {
+      if (!patch.isReplace(input)) {
+        return Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidType(ast, input, options));
+      }
+      return Effect.forEach(creates, (create) => create.makeEffect(input.value, options)).pipe(
+        Effect.mapBothEager({
+          onSuccess: ([made]) => patch.replace(made),
+          onFailure: (issue) => new SchemaIssue.Pointer(["value"], issue),
+        }),
+      );
+    },
+    { expected: "a struct written whole" },
+  );
+
+/**
+ * The patch of a struct, refusing the markers a `Schema.Struct` would
+ * otherwise take for a patch of nothing, since it keeps only the keys it knows.
+ */
+const StructPatchSchema = (fields: Schema.Top): Schema.Top =>
+  Schema.declareConstructor<any, any>()(
+    [fields],
+    ([fields]) =>
+      (input, ast, options) =>
+        patch.isReplace(input) || fieldValue.isDeleteField(input)
+          ? Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidType(ast, input, options))
+          : SchemaParser.decodeUnknownEffect(fields)(input, options),
+    { expected: "a patch of a struct" },
+  );
+
+/**
+ * Builds the patch a set of fields is updated through in `mode`, along with
+ * where its structs and Records sit, and gathers the schema of each path it can
+ * write at into `paths`.
+ *
+ * A struct takes a patch, written at its paths, unless it may be missing and
+ * the patch is checked, since the patch would create it holding only what it
+ * carried. It takes a replacement wherever it is replaceable, and a removal
+ * where it may be missing. A Record is a struct whose keys may come from the
+ * data - see {@link buildNode}.
+ *
+ * Where `recordKey` is given, the fields are the keys of a Record keyed by
+ * literals, and each sits on its path as that key schema encodes it.
+ *
+ * Throws on a field name holding a dot, which a path would read as two.
+ */
+const build = (
+  fields: VariantSchema.Struct.Fields,
+  path: Path,
+  paths: Paths,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+  recordKey?: Schema.Top,
+): { readonly patch: Schema.Top; readonly shape: Shape } => {
+  const schemas: Record<string, Schema.Top> = {};
+  const shapes: Record<string, Shape> = {};
+  for (const key of Object.keys(fields)) {
+    assertFieldName(key);
+    const field = fields[key];
+    const at = [...path, recordKey ?? key];
+    const node = nodeOf(field);
+    if (node !== undefined) {
+      if (node.writable) {
+        const built = buildNode(node, at, paths, mode);
+        schemas[key] = Schema.optionalKey(built.schema);
+        shapes[key] = built.shape;
+      }
+    } else {
+      const update = updateSchema(field);
+      if (update !== undefined) {
+        const schema = withoutConstructorDefault(update);
+        schemas[key] = Schema.optionalKey(schema);
+        addPath(paths, at, schema);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return { patch: Schema.Struct(schemas), shape: { fields: shapes, rest: undefined } };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Builds what a struct or a Record at `path` takes in `mode`, gathering the
+ * paths it writes at into `paths`, the way {@link build} does for a set of
+ * fields.
+ *
+ * A Record whose keys come from the data is patched key by key, each key
+ * written at its own path. Any such key may be missing, so each takes the
+ * removal, and a value that is itself a struct or a Record is treated as one a
+ * document may go without. That also makes a patch safe where the Record
+ * itself may be missing: every key it writes is one the Record may hold or not.
+ */
+const buildNode = (
+  node: Node,
+  path: Path,
+  paths: Paths,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+): { readonly schema: Schema.Top; readonly shape: Shape } => {
+  if (node.members !== undefined) {
+    return buildUnion(node, node.members, path, paths, mode);
+  }
+  const inner =
+    node.rest === undefined
+      ? build(node.fields, path, paths, mode, node.key)
+      : buildRest(node.rest, path, paths, mode);
+  const create = isNodeReplaceable(node) ? node.create() : undefined;
+  const takes: Array<Schema.Top> = [];
+  if (!node.optional || mode === "unchecked" || node.rest !== undefined) {
+    takes.push(StructPatchSchema(inner.patch));
+  }
+  if (create !== undefined) {
+    takes.push(ReplaceSchema([create]));
+  }
+  if (node.optional) {
+    takes.push(firestoreSchema.DeleteField);
+  }
+  const written = node.optional
+    ? create === undefined
+      ? firestoreSchema.DeleteField
+      : firestoreSchema.DeleteFieldOr(create)
+    : create;
+  if (written !== undefined) {
+    addPath(paths, path, written);
+  }
+  return {
+    schema: takes.length === 1 ? takes[0] : Schema.Union(takes),
+    shape: inner.shape,
+  };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Builds what a union at `path` takes in `mode`, gathering the paths it writes
+ * at into `paths`. A union is replaced with any member it may be replaced
+ * with, removed where it may be missing, and patched at its Shared Fields -
+ * and, unchecked, at a key only some members hold - see {@link buildShared}.
+ * The patch is refused where it may be missing and the patch is checked, as it
+ * is for a struct. One that takes none of these in `mode` takes nothing.
+ */
+const buildUnion = (
+  node: Node,
+  members: Members,
+  path: Path,
+  paths: Paths,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+): { readonly schema: Schema.Top; readonly shape: Shape } => {
+  const replaceable = members.filter(isMemberReplaceable);
+  const create = replaceable.length === 0 ? undefined : unionCreate(replaceable);
+  const shared = buildShared(members.map(fields), path, paths, mode);
+  const takes: Array<Schema.Top> = [];
+  if (shared.keys.length > 0 && (!node.optional || mode === "unchecked")) {
+    takes.push(shared.patch);
+  }
+  if (create !== undefined) {
+    takes.push(ReplaceSchema([create]));
+  }
+  if (node.optional) {
+    takes.push(firestoreSchema.DeleteField);
+  }
+  const written = node.optional
+    ? create === undefined
+      ? firestoreSchema.DeleteField
+      : firestoreSchema.DeleteFieldOr(create)
+    : create;
+  if (written !== undefined) {
+    addPath(paths, path, written);
+  }
+  return {
+    schema: takes.length === 1 ? takes[0] : Schema.Union(takes),
+    shape: shared.shape,
+  };
+};
+
+/** What a field was made {@link FirestoreModel.Optional} of, or the field itself. */
+const unwrap = (field: unknown): unknown => (isOptional(field) ? field.field : field);
+
+/** The types a type is a union of, or the type itself. */
+const constituents = (ast: SchemaAST.AST): ReadonlyArray<SchemaAST.AST> =>
+  SchemaAST.isUnion(ast) ? ast.types.flatMap(constituents) : [ast];
+
+/** What a declaration is told apart by, where it says. */
+const declarationId = (ast: SchemaAST.Declaration): unknown =>
+  (ast.annotations?.representation as { readonly id?: unknown } | undefined)?.id;
+
+/** The type of a literal a keyword is the type of. */
+const keywordOf = (literal: unknown): string =>
+  typeof literal === "string"
+    ? "String"
+    : typeof literal === "number"
+      ? "Number"
+      : typeof literal === "boolean"
+        ? "Boolean"
+        : "BigInt";
+
+/**
+ * Whether every value of `a` is one of `b`, the way TypeScript tells whether
+ * one type extends another, as far as the schemas say. Where they do not say -
+ * a declaration with nothing to tell it apart by, a suspended schema - it is
+ * taken to be, so the encoding decides.
+ */
+const isSubtype = (a: SchemaAST.AST, b: SchemaAST.AST): boolean => {
+  if (SchemaAST.isUnion(a)) {
+    return a.types.every((type) => isSubtype(type, b));
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isUnion(b)) {
+    return b.types.some((type) => isSubtype(a, type));
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isAny(b) || SchemaAST.isUnknown(b) || SchemaAST.isNever(a) || SchemaAST.isAny(a)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isSuspend(a) || SchemaAST.isSuspend(b)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isLiteral(a)) {
+    return SchemaAST.isLiteral(b)
+      ? a.literal === b.literal
+      : SchemaAST.isEnum(b)
+        ? b.enums.some(([, value]) => value === a.literal)
+        : SchemaAST.isTemplateLiteral(b)
+          ? typeof a.literal === "string"
+          : b._tag === keywordOf(a.literal);
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isEnum(a)) {
+    return a.enums.every(([, value]) => isSubtype(new SchemaAST.Literal(value), b));
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isTemplateLiteral(a)) {
+    return SchemaAST.isString(b) || SchemaAST.isTemplateLiteral(b);
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isUniqueSymbol(a)) {
+    return SchemaAST.isSymbol(b) || (SchemaAST.isUniqueSymbol(b) && a.symbol === b.symbol);
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isUndefined(a) && SchemaAST.isVoid(b)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isObjectKeyword(b)) {
+    return (
+      SchemaAST.isObjectKeyword(a) ||
+      SchemaAST.isObjects(a) ||
+      SchemaAST.isArrays(a) ||
+      SchemaAST.isDeclaration(a)
+    );
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isDeclaration(a)) {
+    if (SchemaAST.isDeclaration(b)) {
+      const [ida, idb] = [declarationId(a), declarationId(b)];
+      return (
+        a === b ||
+        ida === undefined ||
+        idb === undefined ||
+        (ida === idb &&
+          a.typeParameters.length === b.typeParameters.length &&
+          a.typeParameters.every((p, i) => isSubtype(p, b.typeParameters[i])))
+      );
+    }
+    // An instance may well have every property a struct asks for.
+    return SchemaAST.isObjects(b);
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isObjects(a)) {
+    if (SchemaAST.isDeclaration(b)) {
+      return declarationId(b) === undefined;
+    }
+    if (!SchemaAST.isObjects(b)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    const own = new Map(a.propertySignatures.map((p) => [p.name, p.type]));
+    return (
+      b.propertySignatures.every((p) => {
+        const type = own.get(p.name);
+        return type === undefined
+          ? SchemaAST.isOptional(p.type)
+          : (SchemaAST.isOptional(p.type) || !SchemaAST.isOptional(type)) &&
+              isSubtype(type, p.type);
+      }) &&
+      b.indexSignatures.every((index) =>
+        [...a.propertySignatures, ...a.indexSignatures].every((p) => isSubtype(p.type, index.type)),
+      )
+    );
+  }
+  if (SchemaAST.isArrays(a)) {
+    if (!SchemaAST.isArrays(b)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (b.elements.length === 0 && b.rest.length === 1) {
+      return [...a.elements, ...a.rest].every((type) => isSubtype(type, b.rest[0]));
+    }
+    if (a.rest.length === 0 && b.rest.length === 0) {
+      // A tuple is one of another where each element it may hold is one of
+      // the other's at the same place, and the other may go without each
+      // element beyond its own.
+      return (
+        a.elements.length <= b.elements.length &&
+        b.elements.every((type, i) => {
+          const own = a.elements[i];
+          return own === undefined
+            ? SchemaAST.isOptional(type)
+            : (SchemaAST.isOptional(type) || !SchemaAST.isOptional(own)) && isSubtype(own, type);
+        })
+      );
+    }
+    // With a rest, only a tuple shaped alike is told apart element by element.
+    return (
+      a.elements.length === b.elements.length &&
+      a.rest.length === b.rest.length &&
+      [...a.elements, ...a.rest].every((type, i) => isSubtype(type, [...b.elements, ...b.rest][i]))
+    );
+  }
+  return a._tag === b._tag;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The values out of `a` and `b` that the other takes too: each type `a` is a
+ * union of that `b` takes whole, and the other way round, as `Meet` works it
+ * out in the types.
+ */
+const meet = (
+  a: ReadonlyArray<SchemaAST.AST>,
+  b: ReadonlyArray<SchemaAST.AST>,
+): ReadonlyArray<SchemaAST.AST> => {
+  const within = (types: ReadonlyArray<SchemaAST.AST>) => (type: SchemaAST.AST) =>
+    types.some((other) => isSubtype(type, other));
+  return [...a.filter(within(b)), ...b.filter(within(a))];
+};
+
+/**
+ * Whether some value is taken by every one of `schemas`, as `MeetAll` tells it
+ * in the types, so a key is shared, and has a path, exactly where its type
+ * says. The literal that tells members apart takes none.
+ */
+const haveValueInCommon = (schemas: ReadonlyArray<Schema.Top>): boolean =>
+  schemas.map((schema) => constituents(schema.ast)).reduceRight((acc, types) => meet(types, acc))
+    .length > 0;
+
+/**
+ * What a Shared Field is patched through: the value is encoded through the
+ * field of every member, each of which must take it, and all of which must
+ * store it as the same Firestore Value. Each member decides by the canonical
+ * codec, not by the encoding the caller asks for, since that is what Firestore
+ * ends up holding. It is written as the first member writes it, which is then
+ * what every member would write.
+ */
+const SharedValueSchema = (schemas: ReadonlyArray<Schema.Top>): Schema.Top => {
+  if (schemas.length === 1) {
+    return schemas[0];
+  }
+  // Encoding runs synchronously, as a check does, so a member's encoding may
+  // ask for no service.
+  const codecs = schemas.map((schema) =>
+    firestoreValue.toCodecFirestore(schema as Schema.Codec<unknown, unknown>),
+  );
+  return schemas[0].check(
+    Schema.makeFilter(
+      (value: unknown, _, options) => {
+        let stored: unknown;
+        for (const [i, codec] of codecs.entries()) {
+          const result = SchemaParser.encodeUnknownResult(codec)(value, options);
+          if (Result.isFailure(result)) {
+            return result.failure;
+          }
+          if (i === 0) {
+            stored = result.success;
+          } else if (!firestoreValueWalk.equals(stored, result.success)) {
+            return "Expected a value every member of the union stores the same way";
+          }
+        }
+        return undefined;
+      },
+      { expected: "a value every member of the union takes and stores the same way" },
+    ),
+  );
+};
+
+/**
+ * The patch of the Shared Fields of a union, refusing a key it does not know,
+ * since a `Schema.Struct` would otherwise drop it and write nothing. That is a
+ * key some member goes without, or one the members cannot agree on, such as
+ * the literal they are told apart by.
+ */
+const SharedPatchSchema = (fields: Schema.Top, keys: ReadonlyArray<string>): Schema.Top =>
+  Schema.declareConstructor<any, any>()(
+    [fields],
+    ([fields]) =>
+      (input, ast, options) => {
+        if (patch.isReplace(input) || fieldValue.isDeleteField(input)) {
+          return Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidType(ast, input, options));
+        }
+        if (Predicate.isObject(input)) {
+          const unknown = Object.keys(input).find((key) => !keys.includes(key));
+          if (unknown !== undefined) {
+            return Effect.fail(
+              new SchemaIssue.Pointer(
+                [unknown],
+                new SchemaIssue.UnexpectedKey(ast, (input as Record<string, unknown>)[unknown]),
+              ),
+            );
+          }
+        }
+        return SchemaParser.decodeUnknownEffect(fields)(input, options);
+      },
+    { expected: "a patch of the Shared Fields of a union" },
+  );
+
+/**
+ * Builds the patch of the Shared Fields of a union, given the fields of each
+ * of its members, along with where the structs among them sit, and gathers the
+ * schema of each path it can write at into `paths`.
+ *
+ * A Shared Field is a key every member holds, at which every member takes an
+ * update: a value, patched through {@link SharedValueSchema}, or a struct,
+ * patched at its own Shared Fields by the same rule one level down. A struct
+ * every member may go without takes the removal alone, and one only some
+ * members may go without takes nothing. A union is shared by the rule a union
+ * field is written by - see {@link buildSharedUnion}. A Record is not shared.
+ * Where no value is taken by every member's type, as
+ * {@link haveValueInCommon} tells, the key is not shared either, which is what
+ * keeps it out of `paths` exactly where the type keeps it out.
+ *
+ * Under `unchecked`, a key only some members hold is patched by the same rule
+ * over just those members. Its path is gathered in either mode, so the paths
+ * are the same in both and only the patch tells them apart.
+ *
+ * {@link hasSharedField} tells, without building any of it, whether this
+ * takes any key under `unchecked`, and must agree with it.
+ */
+const buildShared = (
+  memberFields: ReadonlyArray<VariantSchema.Struct.Fields>,
+  path: Path,
+  paths: Paths,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+): { readonly patch: Schema.Top; readonly shape: Shape; readonly keys: ReadonlyArray<string> } => {
+  const schemas: Record<string, Schema.Top> = {};
+  const shapes: Record<string, Shape> = {};
+  for (const key of keysOf(memberFields)) {
+    assertFieldName(key);
+    // A key only some members hold is checked against just those, and only
+    // patched where the caller vouches for the member. It is written at its
+    // path in either mode, as a struct a document may go without is.
+    const holding = memberFields.filter((f) => Object.hasOwn(f, key));
+    const taken = holding.length === memberFields.length || mode === "unchecked";
+    const at = [...path, key];
+    const atKey = holding.map((f) => f[key]);
+    if (atKey.every(isStructField)) {
+      if (atKey.every((field) => !isOptional(field))) {
+        const inner = buildShared(atKey.map(structFields), at, paths, mode);
+        if (taken && inner.keys.length > 0) {
+          schemas[key] = Schema.optionalKey(inner.patch);
+          shapes[key] = inner.shape;
+        }
+      } else if (atKey.every(isOptional)) {
+        if (taken) {
+          schemas[key] = Schema.optionalKey(firestoreSchema.DeleteField);
+        }
+        addPath(paths, at, firestoreSchema.DeleteField);
+      }
+    } else if (atKey.every(isUnionField)) {
+      const built = buildSharedUnion(atKey, at, paths, mode);
+      if (taken && built !== undefined) {
+        schemas[key] = Schema.optionalKey(built.schema);
+        shapes[key] = built.shape;
+      }
+    } else if (atKey.every((field) => !isNodeField(field))) {
+      const updates = atKey.map(updateSchema);
+      if (updates.every((u) => u !== undefined) && haveValueInCommon(updates)) {
+        const schema = SharedValueSchema(updates.map(withoutConstructorDefault));
+        if (taken) {
+          schemas[key] = Schema.optionalKey(schema);
+        }
+        addPath(paths, at, schema);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  const keys = Object.keys(schemas);
+  return {
+    patch: SharedPatchSchema(Schema.Struct(schemas), keys),
+    shape: { fields: shapes, rest: undefined },
+    keys,
+  };
+};
+
+/** The keys any of the members holding `memberFields` holds. */
+const keysOf = (
+  memberFields: ReadonlyArray<VariantSchema.Struct.Fields>,
+): ReadonlyArray<string> => [...new Set(memberFields.flatMap((f) => Object.keys(f)))];
+
+/** Whether a field is a struct, {@link FirestoreModel.Optional} or not. */
+const isStructField = (field: unknown): boolean => VariantSchema.isStruct(unwrap(field));
+
+/** The fields of the struct a field is, {@link FirestoreModel.Optional} or not. */
+const structFields = (field: unknown): VariantSchema.Struct.Fields =>
+  fields(unwrap(field) as VariantSchema.Struct<any>);
+
+/** Whether a field is a union, {@link FirestoreModel.Optional} or not. */
+const isUnionField = (field: unknown): boolean => Predicate.hasProperty(unwrap(field), UnionTypeId);
+
+/** The members of the union a field is, {@link FirestoreModel.Optional} or not. */
+const unionMembers = (field: unknown): Members => (unwrap(field) as any)[UnionTypeId];
+
+/** Whether an update reaches into a field: a struct, a Record or a union. */
+const isNodeField = (field: unknown): boolean =>
+  isStructField(field) || isUnionField(field) || Predicate.hasProperty(unwrap(field), RecordTypeId);
+
+/** The fields of every member of each of the unions `atKey`, in one list. */
+const unionsMemberFields = (
+  atKey: ReadonlyArray<unknown>,
+): ReadonlyArray<VariantSchema.Struct.Fields> =>
+  atKey.flatMap((field) => unionMembers(field).map(fields));
+
+/**
+ * What each of the unions `atKey` is replaced with, where every one of them is
+ * replaced with something and some value is taken by all of them, as the type
+ * tells it.
+ */
+const sharedReplacement = (
+  atKey: ReadonlyArray<unknown>,
+): ReadonlyArray<Schema.Top> | undefined => {
+  const creates: Array<Schema.Top> = [];
+  for (const field of atKey) {
+    const replaceable = unionMembers(field).filter(isMemberReplaceable);
+    if (replaceable.length === 0) {
+      return undefined;
+    }
+    creates.push(unionCreate(replaceable));
+  }
+  return haveValueInCommon(creates) ? creates : undefined;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Builds what the unions `atKey` the members of a union hold at one key take
+ * in `mode`, gathering the paths it writes at into `paths`, or `undefined`
+ * where they take nothing. It is the rule a union field is written by, held to
+ * every one of them: a replacement every one takes and stores the same way,
+ * the removal where every one may be missing, and a patch at the Shared Fields
+ * of all their members together, refused where any of them may be missing and
+ * the patch is checked.
+ */
+const buildSharedUnion = (
+  atKey: ReadonlyArray<unknown>,
+  path: Path,
+  paths: Paths,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+): { readonly schema: Schema.Top; readonly shape: Shape } | undefined => {
+  const optional = atKey.every(isOptional);
+  const creates = sharedReplacement(atKey);
+  const shared = buildShared(unionsMemberFields(atKey), path, paths, mode);
+  const takes: Array<Schema.Top> = [];
+  if (shared.keys.length > 0 && (mode === "unchecked" || !atKey.some(isOptional))) {
+    takes.push(shared.patch);
+  }
+  if (creates !== undefined) {
+    takes.push(ReplaceSchema(creates));
+  }
+  if (optional) {
+    takes.push(firestoreSchema.DeleteField);
+  }
+  const whole = creates === undefined ? undefined : SharedValueSchema(creates);
+  const written = optional
+    ? whole === undefined
+      ? firestoreSchema.DeleteField
+      : firestoreSchema.DeleteFieldOr(whole)
+    : whole;
+  if (written !== undefined) {
+    addPath(paths, path, written);
+  }
+  return takes.length === 0
+    ? undefined
+    : { schema: takes.length === 1 ? takes[0] : Schema.Union(takes), shape: shared.shape };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Whether members holding `memberFields` take any key under `unchecked`, as
+ * {@link buildShared} would build it, but without building a schema.
+ */
+const hasSharedField = (memberFields: ReadonlyArray<VariantSchema.Struct.Fields>): boolean =>
+  keysOf(memberFields).some((key) => {
+    const atKey = memberFields.filter((f) => Object.hasOwn(f, key)).map((f) => f[key]);
+    if (atKey.every(isStructField)) {
+      return atKey.every((field) => !isOptional(field))
+        ? hasSharedField(atKey.map(structFields))
+        : atKey.every(isOptional);
+    }
+    if (atKey.every(isUnionField)) {
+      return (
+        atKey.every(isOptional) ||
+        sharedReplacement(atKey) !== undefined ||
+        hasSharedField(unionsMemberFields(atKey))
+      );
+    }
+    if (atKey.every((field) => !isNodeField(field))) {
+      const updates = atKey.map(updateSchema);
+      return updates.every((u) => u !== undefined) && haveValueInCommon(updates);
+    }
+    return false;
+  });
+
+/** Builds the patch of a Record at the keys only the data names. */
+const buildRest = (
+  rest: Rest<unknown>,
+  path: Path,
+  paths: Paths,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+): { readonly patch: Schema.Top; readonly shape: Shape } => {
+  const entryPath = [...path, rest.key];
+  const node = nodeOf(rest.value, true);
+  let entry: Schema.Top;
+  let shape: Shape | undefined;
+  if (node !== undefined) {
+    const built = buildNode({ ...node, optional: true }, entryPath, paths, mode);
+    entry = built.schema;
+    shape = built.shape;
+  } else {
+    entry = firestoreSchema.DeleteFieldOr(
+      withoutConstructorDefault(withoutOptionalKey(updateSchema(rest.value)!)),
+    );
+    addPath(paths, entryPath, entry);
+  }
+  return {
+    patch: Schema.Record(Schema.toType(rest.key) as Schema.Record.Key, entry),
+    shape: { fields: {}, rest: { value: shape } },
+  };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Goes one level down where the shape says a struct or a Record sits, unless it
+ * is being removed or replaced. It runs on the patch as the caller wrote it,
+ * before anything is encoded, so the removal and the replacement are still
+ * this library's to recognise.
+ *
+ * A replacement is written whole, as the struct it holds. A key of a Record
+ * fails where no path could name it; the paths it builds are encoded by the
+ * schema of each, keys and all.
+ */
+const flatten = (
+  value: Record<string, unknown>,
+  shape: Shape,
+  prefix: string,
+  out: Record<string, unknown>,
+  options: SchemaAST.ParseOptions,
+): Effect.Effect<Record<string, unknown>, SchemaIssue.Issue> =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    for (const key of Object.keys(value)) {
+      const inner = value[key];
+      let child: Shape | undefined;
+      if (shape.rest !== undefined) {
+        const reason = unaddressable(key);
+        if (reason !== undefined) {
+          return yield* Effect.fail(
+            new SchemaIssue.InvalidValue(
+              {
+                message: `Invalid Firestore field name "${key}" in "${prefix.slice(0, -1)}": it ${reason}`,
+              },
+              key,
+              options,
+            ),
+          );
+        }
+        child = shape.rest.value;
+      } else if (Object.hasOwn(shape.fields, key)) {
+        child = shape.fields[key];
+      }
+      if (child === undefined || fieldValue.isDeleteField(inner)) {
+        out[prefix + key] = inner;
+      } else if (patch.isReplace(inner)) {
+        out[prefix + key] = inner.value;
+      } else {
+        yield* flatten(inner as Record<string, unknown>, child, `${prefix}${key}.`, out, options);
+      }
+    }
+    return out;
+  });
+
+/**
+ * The update of a document, out of the patch it takes, where the patch goes
+ * one level down, and the paths it writes at.
+ */
+const updateOf = (patch: Schema.Top, shape: Shape, paths: Paths): Schema.Top => {
+  const known = Schema.Struct(paths.known);
+  const patterns = [...paths.patterns.values()];
+  return (patterns.length === 0 ? known : Schema.StructWithRest(known, patterns as any)).pipe(
+    Schema.decodeTo(Schema.toType(patch), {
+      decode: SchemaGetter.forbidden(() => "An update is only ever written, never read back"),
+      encode: SchemaGetter.transformEffect((value, options) =>
+        flatten(value as Record<string, unknown>, shape, "", {}, options),
+      ),
+    }),
+  );
+};
+
+const update = (
+  fields: VariantSchema.Struct.Fields,
+  mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode,
+): Schema.Top => {
+  const paths = emptyPaths();
+  const { patch, shape } = build(fields, [], paths, mode);
+  return updateOf(patch, shape, paths);
+};
+
+/**
+ * The update of a document that is a union, patched at its Shared Fields - and,
+ * unchecked, at a key only some members hold - by the rule a union field is
+ * patched by. It is never written whole: a document changes member through
+ * `set`.
+ */
+const unionUpdate = (members: Members, mode: FirestoreModel.UpdateMode): Schema.Top => {
+  const paths = emptyPaths();
+  const { patch, shape } = buildShared(members.map(fields), [], paths, mode);
+  return updateOf(patch, shape, paths);
+};
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Class =
+  (identifier: string) =>
+  (
+    fields: VariantSchema.Struct.Fields,
+    annotations?: Schema.Annotations.Declaration<any, any>,
+  ): any => {
+    const Base = Variants.Class<any>(identifier)(fields as any, annotations) as any;
+    // `Variants.Class` defines each variant as a non-configurable property, so
+    // the patch `update` is shadowed from a subclass rather than written over
+    // it. A class built this way is extended by the caller anyway, which is
+    // what `Self` is for, so this is one more link in a chain that already has
+    // one.
+    class Model extends Base {}
+    Object.defineProperty(Model, "update", {
+      value: update(fields, "checked").annotate({
+        id: `${identifier}.update`,
+        title: `${identifier}.update`,
+      }),
+    });
+    Object.defineProperty(Model, "updateUnchecked", {
+      value: update(fields, "unchecked").annotate({
+        id: `${identifier}.updateUnchecked`,
+        title: `${identifier}.updateUnchecked`,
+      }),
+    });
+    return Model;
+  };
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Immutable = <S extends Schema.Top>(schema: S): FirestoreModel.Immutable<S> =>
+  Field({ read: schema, create: schema });
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Timestamp = <S extends FirestoreSchema.TimeSchema>(
+  schema: S,
+): FirestoreModel.Timestamp<S> =>
+  Field({
+    read: schema,
+    create: firestoreSchema.ServerTimestampOr(schema),
+    update: firestoreSchema.ServerTimestampOr(schema),
+  });
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Number = <S extends Schema.Codec<unknown, number, unknown, unknown>>(
+  schema: S,
+): FirestoreModel.Number<S> =>
+  Field({
+    read: schema,
+    create: firestoreSchema.IncrementOr(schema),
+    update: firestoreSchema.IncrementOr(schema),
+  });
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Array = <S extends Schema.Top>(item: S): FirestoreModel.Array<S> =>
+  Field({
+    read: Schema.Array(item),
+    create: Schema.Array(item),
+    update: firestoreSchema.ArrayOr(item),
+  });
+
+const optionalField = fieldEvolve({
+  read: Schema.optionalKey,
+  create: Schema.optionalKey,
+  update: (schema: Schema.Top) => Schema.optionalKey(firestoreSchema.DeleteFieldOr(schema)),
+} as any) as (self: unknown) => unknown;
+
+/**
+ * What a struct or a Record takes as a field of its own, which is what
+ * `extract` hands back: the patches an unchecked update takes.
+ */
+const nodeUpdate = (node: Node): Schema.Top =>
+  Schema.optionalKey(buildNode(node, [], emptyPaths(), "unchecked").schema);
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Record = <K extends Schema.Record.Key, V extends FirestoreModel.Value>(
+  key: K,
+  value: V,
+): FirestoreModel.Record<K, V> => {
+  const { rest } = recordKeys(key);
+  const of = (variant: "read" | "create"): Schema.Top | undefined => {
+    const schema = variantSchema(value, variant);
+    // A key only the data names may be missing anyway, and Effect takes no
+    // optional key at one.
+    return schema && Schema.Record(key, rest ? withoutOptionalKey(schema) : schema);
+  };
+  const read = of("read");
+  const create = of("create");
+  const node = recordNode(key, value, () => create!, false);
+  return Object.assign(
+    Field({
+      ...(read && { read }),
+      ...(create && { create }),
+      ...(node.writable && { update: nodeUpdate(node) }),
+    }),
+    { [RecordTypeId]: { key, value } },
+  ) as any;
+};
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Union = (members: Members): any => {
+  // Each member as the default variant is read, which keeps a class a class.
+  // Effect builds the same for its own union, though only it can extract
+  // that, and its union defines the variants for good, so it is rebuilt here.
+  const read = Schema.Union((Variants.Union(members) as Schema.Union<any>).members);
+  const node = unionNode(members, false);
+  const schemas = {
+    read,
+    create: node.create(),
+    ...(node.writable && { update: nodeUpdate(node) }),
+  };
+  return Object.defineProperties(read, {
+    [FieldTypeId]: { value: FieldTypeId },
+    schemas: { value: schemas },
+    read: { value: Schema.Union(members.map((member) => extract(member, "read") as Schema.Top)) },
+    create: { value: schemas.create },
+    // What a document that is the union is updated through.
+    update: { value: unionUpdate(members, "checked") },
+    updateUnchecked: { value: unionUpdate(members, "unchecked") },
+    [UnionTypeId]: { value: members },
+  });
+};
+
+const optionalNode = (self: unknown, node: Node): unknown =>
+  Field({
+    read: Schema.optionalKey(variantSchema(self, "read")!),
+    create: Schema.optionalKey(node.create()),
+    ...(node.writable && { update: nodeUpdate(node) }),
+  });
+
+/** @internal */
+export const Optional = (self: FirestoreModel.Value): any => {
+  // Made optional already, which a second time leaves as it is.
+  if (isOptional(self)) {
+    return self;
+  }
+  const node = nodeOf(self, true);
+  return Object.assign(
+    (node === undefined ? optionalField(self) : optionalNode(self, node)) as object,
+    {
+      "~optionality": "optional",
+      field: self,
+    },
+  );
+};