@vielzeug/i18nit 2.0.0 → 3.0.1

package/README.md

@@ -1,84 +1,178 @@
 # @vielzeug/i18nit
 
-> Lightweight, type-safe i18n with nested keys, lazy loaders, interpolation, pluralization, and reactive subscriptions.
-
-[![npm version](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/@vielzeug/i18nit)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@vielzeug/i18nit) [![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
-
-`@vielzeug/i18nit` is a zero-dependency internationalization library for TypeScript. It combines typed key paths, fallback locale chains, async locale loading, and Intl formatting helpers.
+Minimal i18n runtime with typed keys, explicit locale sources, and framework-friendly subscriptions.
 
 ## Installation
 
 ```sh
 pnpm add @vielzeug/i18nit
-# npm install @vielzeug/i18nit
-# yarn add @vielzeug/i18nit
 ```
 
-## Entry Points
-
-| Entry | Purpose |
-| --- | --- |
-| `@vielzeug/i18nit` | Main API (`createI18n`, `I18n`, exported types) |
-| `@vielzeug/i18nit/core` | Core bundle entry |
-
 ## Quick Start
 
 ```ts
 import { createI18n } from '@vielzeug/i18nit';
+import { createFormatter } from '@vielzeug/i18nit/format';
 
 const i18n = createI18n({
-  fallback: 'en',
   locale: 'en',
-  messages: {
-    de: {
-      greeting: 'Hallo, {name}!',
-      inbox: { one: 'Eine Nachricht', other: '{count} Nachrichten' },
-    },
+  fallback: 'en',
+  catalogs: {
     en: {
       greeting: 'Hello, {name}!',
-      inbox: { zero: 'No messages', one: 'One message', other: '{count} messages' },
-      nav: { home: 'Home' },
+      inbox: {
+        zero: 'No messages',
+        one: 'One message',
+        other: '{count} messages',
+      },
     },
+    de: () => import('./locales/de.json').then((m) => m.default),
   },
 });
 
+await i18n.preload('de');
+await i18n.setLocale('de');
+
 i18n.t('greeting', { name: 'Alice' });
-i18n.t('inbox', { count: 0 });
-i18n.t('inbox', { count: 3 });
+i18n.tp('inbox', 3);
+
+const fmt = createFormatter(i18n);
+fmt.currency(19.99, 'EUR');
+```
+
+## Core API
+
+- `createI18n(options?)`
+- `i18n.t(key, vars?)`
+- `i18n.tp(key, count, options?)`
+- `i18n.preload(locale)`
+- `i18n.setLocale(locale)`
+- `i18n.register(locale, source)`
+- `i18n.getSnapshot()`
+- `i18n.subscribe(callback, options?)`
+- `i18n.getSupportedLocales(options?)`
+- `i18n.has(leafKey)`
+
+## Translation options
+
+```ts
+type PluralTranslateOptions = {
+  ordinal?: boolean;
+  vars?: Record<string, unknown>;
+};
+```
+
+- Leaf keys use `t('greeting', vars)`.
+- Branch keys use `tp('inbox', 3, options?)`.
+
+## Missing handling
+
+A single callback handles missing keys and missing interpolation variables.
 
-i18n.locale = 'de';
-i18n.t('nav.home'); // falls back to en
+Default behavior:
+
+- missing keys return the key string
+- missing interpolation vars keep the original placeholder (for example `{name}`)
+
+```ts
+const i18n = createI18n({
+  onMissing(info) {
+    if (info.type === 'var') return `<${info.varName}>`;
+
+    return `[missing:${info.key}]`;
+  },
+});
 ```
 
-## Features
+## Subscriber error handling
+
+By default, exceptions thrown inside `subscribe` callbacks are swallowed so the store
+stays stable. Provide `onSubscriberError` to observe or log those failures:
 
-- Typed translation keys from your message tree
-- Dot-notation nested key lookup
-- ICU-style interpolation with object/array path support
-- Plural messages (`zero/one/two/few/many/other`) via `Intl.PluralRules`
-- Locale chain fallback (`sr-Latn-RS -> sr-Latn -> sr`) + configured fallback locales
-- Async locale loading (`load`, `setLocale`, `registerLoader`, `reload`)
-- Catalog updates (`add` deep-merge, `replace` full replace)
-- Subscription API with batched notifications (`batch`, `subscribe`)
-- Intl format helpers (`number`, `date`, `list`, `relative`, `currency`)
-- Namespace and locale-bound views (`scope`, `withLocale`)
-- Diagnostic hooks (`onDiagnostic`) and missing-key hook (`onMissing`)
+```ts
+const i18n = createI18n({
+  onSubscriberError(error) {
+    console.error('[i18n] subscriber threw:', error);
+  },
+});
+```
+
+## Listing supported locales
+
+`getSupportedLocales()` returns locales in registration order.
+Pass `{ sorted: true }` for a deterministic code-point-sorted list:
+
+```ts
+i18n.getSupportedLocales();                // ['en', 'fr', 'de'] — insertion order
+i18n.getSupportedLocales({ sorted: true }); // ['de', 'en', 'fr'] — code-point order
+```
+
+## Framework integration
+
+`i18nit` is framework-agnostic and exposes a single subscription primitive:
+
+- `subscribe(callback, options?)`
+  - default: change-only notifications (React external store style)
+  - `{ immediate: true }`: immediate callback + change notifications (Svelte/Vue/Solid friendly)
+
+Use these directly rather than package-level framework adapters.
+
+```ts
+const unsubscribe = i18n.subscribe((snapshot) => {
+  const { locale, version } = snapshot;
+  console.log(locale, version);
+});
+
+unsubscribe();
+```
+
+::: code-group
+
+```tsx [React]
+import { useSyncExternalStore } from 'react';
+
+export function useI18n() {
+  const snapshot = useSyncExternalStore(i18n.subscribe, i18n.getSnapshot, i18n.getSnapshot);
+
+  return {
+    locale: snapshot.locale,
+    t: i18n.t,
+    setLocale: i18n.setLocale,
+  };
+}
+```
+
+```ts [Vue]
+import { onUnmounted, shallowRef } from 'vue';
+
+const snapshot = shallowRef(i18n.getSnapshot());
+
+const stop = i18n.subscribe((next) => {
+  snapshot.value = next;
+}, { immediate: true });
+
+onUnmounted(stop);
+```
+
+```ts [Svelte]
+import type { Readable } from 'svelte/store';
+import type { I18nSnapshot } from '@vielzeug/i18nit';
+
+export const i18nStore: Readable<I18nSnapshot> = {
+  subscribe: (run) => i18n.subscribe(run, { immediate: true }),
+};
+```
 
-## API At a Glance
+:::
 
-- `createI18n<T>(options?) => I18n<T>`
-- `class I18n<T> implements BoundI18n<T>`
-- `type BoundI18n<T>`
-- `type I18nOptions<T>`
-- `type Messages`, `TranslationKey`, `TranslationKeyParam`, `PluralKeys`, `NamespaceKeys`
+For more complete framework samples, see:
 
-## Documentation
+- `docs/i18nit/examples/framework-integration.md`
 
-- [Overview](https://vielzeug.dev/i18nit/)
-- [Usage Guide](https://vielzeug.dev/i18nit/usage)
-- [API Reference](https://vielzeug.dev/i18nit/api)
-- [Examples](https://vielzeug.dev/i18nit/examples)
+## Formatting
 
-## License
+Formatting lives in `@vielzeug/i18nit/format` and can bind to:
 
-MIT © [Helmuth Saatkamp](https://github.com/helmuthdu) — part of the [Vielzeug](https://github.com/helmuthdu/vielzeug) monorepo.
+- a static locale string
+- an i18n-like source with `locale`
+- a getter function that returns a locale

package/dist/format.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/**
+ * @vielzeug/i18nit/format
+ *
+ * Standalone Intl formatter factory. Import from `@vielzeug/i18nit/format`.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { createFormatter } from '@vielzeug/i18nit/format';
+ *
+ * // Static locale
+ * const fmt = createFormatter('en-US');
+ *
+ * // Reactive — always reads the current locale from the i18n instance
+ * const fmt = createFormatter(i18n);
+ *
+ * fmt.number(1_234.56);
+ * fmt.currency(9.99, 'USD');
+ * fmt.date(new Date());
+ * fmt.relative(-1, 'day');
+ * fmt.list(['A', 'B', 'C']);
+ * fmt.duration({ hours: 1, minutes: 30 });
+ * ```
+ */
+export type DurationValue = Partial<Record<'days' | 'hours' | 'microseconds' | 'milliseconds' | 'minutes' | 'months' | 'nanoseconds' | 'seconds' | 'weeks' | 'years', number>>;
+export type DurationFormatOptions = {
+    hours?: '2-digit' | 'numeric';
+    microseconds?: 'numeric';
+    milliseconds?: 'numeric';
+    minutes?: '2-digit' | 'numeric';
+    nanoseconds?: 'numeric';
+    seconds?: '2-digit' | 'numeric';
+    style?: 'digital' | 'long' | 'narrow' | 'short';
+};
+export type ListFormatOptions = {
+    style?: 'long' | 'narrow' | 'short';
+    type?: 'and' | 'or';
+};
+export type Formatter = {
+    currency(value: number, currency: string, options?: Omit<Intl.NumberFormatOptions, 'currency' | 'style'>): string;
+    date(value: Date | number, options?: Intl.DateTimeFormatOptions): string;
+    duration(value: DurationValue, options?: DurationFormatOptions): string;
+    list(value: unknown[], options?: ListFormatOptions): string;
+    number(value: number, options?: Intl.NumberFormatOptions): string;
+    relative(value: number, unit: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatUnit, options?: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatOptions): string;
+};
+/**
+ * Creates a formatter bound to a locale. Pass a string for a static locale,
+ * a getter function (() => string), or an object with a `locale` property
+ * (e.g. an `I18n` instance) for reactive binding.
+ */
+export declare function createFormatter(source: string | (() => string) | {
+    readonly locale: string;
+}): Formatter;
+//# sourceMappingURL=format.d.ts.map

package/dist/format.d.ts.map

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package/dist/i18n.cjs

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
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package/dist/i18n.cjs.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"i18n.cjs","names":["#caches","#view","#locale","#fallbacks","#onMissing","#onDiagnostic","#catalogs","#loaders","#core","#findMessage","#translate","#localesCache","#notify","#getLocaleChain","#loadOne","#loadersCache","#batchDepth","#pendingNotify","#subscribers","#diagnoseSubscriber","#disposed","#loading","#chainCache","#diagnoseLoader"],"sources":["../src/i18n.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type {\n  BoundI18n,\n  DiagnosticEvent,\n  I18nOptions,\n  Loader,\n  Locale,\n  LocaleChangeEvent,\n  LocaleChangeReason,\n  MessageValue,\n  Messages,\n  NamespaceKeys,\n  TranslationKeyParam,\n  Unsubscribe,\n  Vars,\n} from './types';\n\nimport { BoundView, type I18nCore } from './core';\nimport { BoundedMap, deepMerge, isMessageValue, resolvePath } from './helpers';\nimport { interpolate } from './interpolate';\nimport {\n  type IntlCaches,\n  formatDate,\n  formatList,\n  formatNumber,\n  formatRelative,\n  getPluralForm,\n  makeIntlCaches,\n} from './intl';\n\nexport class I18n<T extends Messages = Messages> implements BoundI18n<T> {\n  #locale: Locale;\n  #fallbacks: Locale[];\n  #catalogs = new Map<Locale, Messages>();\n  #loaders = new Map<Locale, Loader>();\n  #loading = new Map<Locale, Promise<void>>();\n  #subscribers = new Set<(event: LocaleChangeEvent) => void>();\n  /** Bounded at 128 entries — prevents unbounded growth when locale tags come from user input. */\n  #chainCache = new BoundedMap<Locale, Locale[]>(128);\n  #onMissing?: (key: string, locale: Locale) => string | undefined;\n  #onDiagnostic?: (event: DiagnosticEvent) => void;\n  #localesCache: Locale[] | null = null;\n  #loadersCache: Locale[] | null = null;\n  #disposed = false;\n  #batchDepth = 0;\n  #pendingNotify: LocaleChangeReason | null = null;\n  #core: I18nCore;\n\n  // Instance-scoped Intl caches — GC'd with the instance (important for SSR with many locales).\n  readonly #caches: IntlCaches = makeIntlCaches();\n\n  /** Internal BoundView — I18n delegates its BoundI18n surface here to avoid duplicating every method. */\n  readonly #view: BoundView<T>;\n\n  constructor({ fallback, loaders, locale = 'en', messages, onDiagnostic, onMissing }: I18nOptions<T> = {}) {\n    this.#locale = locale;\n    this.#fallbacks = Array.isArray(fallback) ? fallback : fallback ? [fallback] : [];\n    this.#onMissing = onMissing;\n    this.#onDiagnostic = onDiagnostic;\n\n    if (messages) {\n      for (const [l, m] of Object.entries(messages)) {\n        // Deep-clone at init so external mutations to the source object can't corrupt the catalog.\n        this.#catalogs.set(l, structuredClone(m) as Messages);\n      }\n    }\n\n    if (loaders) for (const [l, fn] of Object.entries(loaders)) this.#loaders.set(l, fn);\n\n    this.#core = {\n      checkOwn: (key: string, locale: Locale) => {\n        const catalog = this.#catalogs.get(locale);\n\n        if (!catalog) return false;\n\n        const value = resolvePath(catalog, key);\n\n        return value !== undefined && isMessageValue(value);\n      },\n      findMessage: (key: string, locale: Locale) => this.#findMessage(key, locale),\n      formatDate: (value, options, locale) => formatDate(this.#caches, value, options, locale),\n      formatList: (items, locale, type) => formatList(this.#caches, items, locale, type),\n      formatNumber: (value, options, locale) => formatNumber(this.#caches, value, options, locale),\n      formatRelative: (value, unit, options, locale) => formatRelative(this.#caches, value, unit, options, locale),\n      getLocale: () => this.#locale,\n      translate: (key, vars, locale) => this.#translate(key, vars, locale),\n    };\n\n    this.#view = new BoundView<T>(this.#core, null);\n  }\n\n  /* -------------------- Locale -------------------- */\n\n  get locale(): Locale {\n    return this.#locale;\n  }\n\n  get locales(): Locale[] {\n    this.#localesCache ??= [...this.#catalogs.keys()];\n\n    return this.#localesCache;\n  }\n\n  set locale(value: Locale) {\n    if (this.#locale === value) return;\n\n    if (import.meta.env?.DEV && !this.#catalogs.has(value) && this.#loaders.has(value)) {\n      console.warn(\n        `[i18nit] locale \"${value}\" has a registered loader but is not loaded. ` +\n          'Use setLocale() to load and switch atomically.',\n      );\n    }\n\n    this.#locale = value;\n    this.#notify('locale-change');\n  }\n\n  async setLocale(locale: Locale): Promise<void> {\n    if (locale === this.#locale) return;\n\n    await this.load(locale);\n    this.locale = locale;\n  }\n\n  /* -------------------- Message Management -------------------- */\n\n  /** Deep-merges messages into an existing locale catalog. */\n  add(locale: Locale, messages: Messages): void {\n    const existing = this.#catalogs.get(locale) ?? {};\n\n    this.#catalogs.set(locale, deepMerge(existing, messages));\n    this.#localesCache = null;\n\n    if (this.#getLocaleChain(this.#locale).includes(locale)) this.#notify('catalog-update');\n  }\n\n  /** Replaces the entire locale catalog for `locale` with a deep clone of `messages`. */\n  replace(locale: Locale, messages: Messages): void {\n    this.#catalogs.set(locale, structuredClone(messages));\n    this.#localesCache = null;\n\n    if (this.#getLocaleChain(this.#locale).includes(locale)) this.#notify('catalog-update');\n  }\n\n  has(key: string): boolean {\n    return this.#view.has(key);\n  }\n\n  /** Like `has()`, but only checks the exact locale without walking the fallback chain. */\n  hasOwn(key: string): boolean {\n    return this.#view.hasOwn(key);\n  }\n\n  hasLocale(locale: Locale): boolean {\n    return this.#catalogs.has(locale);\n  }\n\n  /* -------------------- Async Loaders -------------------- */\n\n  async load(...locales: Locale[]): Promise<void> {\n    await Promise.all(locales.map((locale) => this.#loadOne(locale)));\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Force-reloads a locale catalog even if already populated. Useful for hot-reload and forced bundle refresh.\n   * No-op (with a dev warning) when no loader is registered for the locale, to prevent silently clearing the catalog.\n   */\n  async reload(locale: Locale): Promise<void> {\n    if (!this.#loaders.has(locale)) {\n      if (import.meta.env?.DEV) {\n        console.warn(`[i18nit] reload(\"${locale}\") skipped — no loader registered for this locale.`);\n      }\n\n      return;\n    }\n\n    this.#catalogs.delete(locale);\n    this.#localesCache = null;\n    await this.#loadOne(locale);\n  }\n\n  registerLoader(locale: Locale, loader: Loader): void {\n    this.#loaders.set(locale, loader);\n    this.#loadersCache = null;\n  }\n\n  /** Returns the locale keys for which a loader has been registered. */\n  get loadableLocales(): Locale[] {\n    this.#loadersCache ??= [...this.#loaders.keys()];\n\n    return this.#loadersCache;\n  }\n\n  /* -------------------- BoundI18n surface (delegated to #view) -------------------- */\n\n  /**\n   * Translates a key with optional interpolation variables.\n   * Locale must be loaded first via `load()` or provided via `messages` in config.\n   * For a per-call locale override use `withLocale(locale).t(key, vars)`.\n   */\n  t(key: TranslationKeyParam<T>, vars?: Vars): string {\n    return this.#view.t(key, vars);\n  }\n\n  number(value: number, options?: Intl.NumberFormatOptions): string {\n    return this.#view.number(value, options);\n  }\n\n  date(value: Date | number, options?: Intl.DateTimeFormatOptions): string {\n    return this.#view.date(value, options);\n  }\n\n  list(items: unknown[], type: 'and' | 'or' = 'and'): string {\n    return this.#view.list(items, type);\n  }\n\n  relative(value: number, unit: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatUnit, options?: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatOptions): string {\n    return this.#view.relative(value, unit, options);\n  }\n\n  currency(value: number, currency: string, options?: Omit<Intl.NumberFormatOptions, 'style' | 'currency'>): string {\n    return this.#view.currency(value, currency, options);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns a bound interface that translates in the given locale without\n   * changing the active locale on the instance. Useful for SSR and\n   * multi-locale rendering in a single pass.\n   */\n  withLocale(locale: Locale): BoundI18n<T> {\n    return this.#view.withLocale(locale);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Returns a translator scoped to a key namespace prefix. Reacts to locale changes on the\n   * instance. When `T` is a concrete message type, the returned `BoundI18n` is narrowed to\n   * the subtree type so `t()` autocomplete works within the scope.\n   * Only keys whose values are nested message objects are valid scope targets.\n   */\n  scope<K extends NamespaceKeys<T>>(ns: K): BoundI18n<T[K] & Messages> {\n    return this.#view.scope(ns);\n  }\n\n  /* -------------------- Subscriptions -------------------- */\n\n  /**\n   * Executes `fn` while deferring subscriber notifications. A single notification fires\n   * after `fn` completes, collapsing any number of `add()` / `replace()` calls made within.\n   * Nested `batch()` calls are supported; notification fires when the outermost batch exits.\n   * If both a locale change and a catalog update are triggered, `'locale-change'` takes priority.\n   *\n   * @remarks\n   * `batch()` is synchronous. Async operations (e.g. `load()`) started inside `fn` complete\n   * after the batch exits and will notify subscribers individually. To batch-load multiple\n   * locales and notify once, await `load()` before entering the batch:\n   * ```ts\n   * await i18n.load('fr', 'de');\n   * i18n.batch(() => { i18n.locale = 'fr'; });\n   * ```\n   */\n  batch(fn: () => void): void {\n    this.#batchDepth++;\n\n    try {\n      fn();\n    } finally {\n      this.#batchDepth--;\n\n      if (this.#batchDepth === 0 && this.#pendingNotify !== null) {\n        const reason = this.#pendingNotify;\n\n        this.#pendingNotify = null;\n        this.#notify(reason);\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  subscribe(listener: (event: LocaleChangeEvent) => void, immediate?: boolean): Unsubscribe {\n    this.#subscribers.add(listener);\n\n    if (immediate) {\n      try {\n        listener({ locale: this.#locale, reason: 'locale-change' });\n      } catch (err) {\n        this.#diagnoseSubscriber(err);\n      }\n    }\n\n    return () => this.#subscribers.delete(listener);\n  }\n\n  /** Releases all resources held by this instance. */\n  dispose(): void {\n    this.#disposed = true;\n    this.#subscribers.clear();\n    this.#catalogs.clear();\n    this.#loaders.clear();\n    this.#loading.clear();\n    this.#chainCache.clear();\n    this.#localesCache = null;\n    this.#loadersCache = null;\n  }\n\n  /** Enables `using i18n = createI18n(...)` for deterministic resource release. */\n  [Symbol.dispose](): void {\n    this.dispose();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Awaits any in-flight `load()` calls and then releases all resources.\n   * Enables `await using i18n = createI18n(...)` in environments that support `Symbol.asyncDispose`.\n   */\n  async [Symbol.asyncDispose](): Promise<void> {\n    await Promise.allSettled([...this.#loading.values()]);\n    this.dispose();\n  }\n\n  /* -------------------- Private -------------------- */\n\n  #diagnoseSubscriber(error: unknown): void {\n    if (this.#onDiagnostic) {\n      this.#onDiagnostic({ error, kind: 'subscriber-error' });\n    } else {\n      console.error('[i18nit] Subscriber threw:', error);\n    }\n  }\n\n  #diagnoseLoader(error: unknown, locale: Locale): void {\n    if (this.#onDiagnostic) {\n      this.#onDiagnostic({ error, kind: 'loader-error', locale });\n    } else {\n      console.warn('[i18nit] Loader error:', error);\n    }\n  }\n\n  #notify(reason: LocaleChangeReason): void {\n    if (this.#batchDepth > 0) {\n      // 'locale-change' takes priority over 'catalog-update' if both occur in one batch\n      if (this.#pendingNotify !== 'locale-change') this.#pendingNotify = reason;\n\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const event: LocaleChangeEvent = { locale: this.#locale, reason };\n\n    for (const listener of this.#subscribers) {\n      try {\n        listener(event);\n      } catch (err) {\n        this.#diagnoseSubscriber(err);\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  #findMessage(key: string, locale: Locale): MessageValue | undefined {\n    for (const loc of this.#getLocaleChain(locale)) {\n      const messages = this.#catalogs.get(loc);\n\n      if (!messages) continue;\n\n      const value = resolvePath(messages, key);\n\n      if (value !== undefined && isMessageValue(value)) return value;\n    }\n\n    return undefined;\n  }\n\n  #getLocaleChain(locale: Locale): Locale[] {\n    const cached = this.#chainCache.get(locale);\n\n    if (cached) return cached;\n\n    const seen = new Set<Locale>();\n    const push = (l: Locale) => {\n      seen.add(l);\n\n      const parts = l.split('-');\n\n      for (let i = parts.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n        seen.add(parts.slice(0, i).join('-'));\n      }\n    };\n\n    push(locale);\n    for (const fallback of this.#fallbacks) push(fallback);\n\n    const chain = [...seen];\n\n    this.#chainCache.set(locale, chain);\n\n    return chain;\n  }\n\n  #translate(key: string, vars: Vars | undefined, locale: Locale): string {\n    const message = this.#findMessage(key, locale);\n\n    if (message === undefined) return this.#onMissing?.(key, locale) ?? key;\n\n    if (typeof message === 'string') return interpolate(message, vars ?? {}, locale, this.#caches);\n\n    const v = vars ?? {};\n\n    if (import.meta.env?.DEV && v.count === undefined) {\n      console.warn(`[i18nit] Key \"${key}\" is a plural message but vars.count is missing. Defaulting to 0.`);\n    }\n\n    const count = Number(v.count ?? 0);\n    const form = count === 0 && message.zero !== undefined ? 'zero' : getPluralForm(this.#caches, locale, count);\n\n    return interpolate(message[form] ?? message.other, v, locale, this.#caches);\n  }\n\n  #loadOne(locale: Locale): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#loading.has(locale)) return this.#loading.get(locale)!;\n\n    if (this.#catalogs.has(locale)) return Promise.resolve();\n\n    const loader = this.#loaders.get(locale);\n\n    if (!loader) return Promise.resolve();\n\n    const promise = (async () => {\n      try {\n        const messages = await loader(locale);\n\n        // Use replace() so the loader result is the authoritative catalog for this locale,\n        // not merged on top of any pre-seeded static messages.\n        if (!this.#disposed) this.replace(locale, messages);\n      } catch (error) {\n        this.#diagnoseLoader(error, locale);\n        throw error;\n      } finally {\n        this.#loading.delete(locale);\n      }\n    })();\n\n    this.#loading.set(locale, promise);\n\n    return promise;\n  }\n}\n\nexport function createI18n<T extends Messages = Messages>(config?: I18nOptions<T>): I18n<T> {\n  return new 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+{"version":3,"file":"i18n.cjs","names":[],"sources":["../src/i18n.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type {\n  AnyKey,\n  I18n,\n  I18nOptions,\n  I18nSnapshot,\n  Loader,\n  Locale,\n  LocaleSource,\n  MessageBranchKeys,\n  MessageLeafKeys,\n  Messages,\n  MissingInfo,\n  PluralTranslateOptions,\n  SubscribeOptions,\n  TranslateVars,\n  Unsubscribe,\n} from './types';\n\ntype PluralRuleSelector = { select: (count: number) => string };\ntype PluralCaches = Map<string, PluralRuleSelector>;\ntype LocaleRecord<M extends Messages> =\n  | { kind: 'dynamic'; loader: Loader<M>; messages?: M }\n  | { kind: 'static'; messages: M };\ntype LoadingRecord<M extends Messages> = {\n  entry: Extract<LocaleRecord<M>, { kind: 'dynamic' }>;\n  task: Promise<void>;\n};\n\nconst INTERPOLATION_PATTERN = /\\{([\\p{ID_Continue}\\-.]+)\\}/gu;\n\nfunction canon(locale: string): string {\n  try {\n    return Intl.getCanonicalLocales(locale)[0] ?? locale;\n  } catch {\n    return locale;\n  }\n}\n\nfunction resolvePath(obj: Record<string, unknown>, path: string): unknown {\n  let value: unknown = obj;\n\n  for (const part of path.split('.')) {\n    if (value == null || typeof value !== 'object') return undefined;\n\n    if (!Object.hasOwn(value as object, part)) return undefined;\n\n    value = (value as Record<string, unknown>)[part];\n  }\n\n  return value;\n}\n\nfunction buildLocaleChain(locale: Locale, fallback: Locale[]): Locale[] {\n  const seen = new Set<Locale>();\n\n  for (const value of [locale, ...fallback]) {\n    seen.add(value);\n\n    const parts = value.split('-');\n\n    for (let i = parts.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n      seen.add(parts.slice(0, i).join('-'));\n    }\n  }\n\n  return [...seen];\n}\n\nfunction selectPluralForm(cache: PluralCaches, locale: Locale, count: number, ordinal: boolean): string {\n  const key = `${locale}:${ordinal ? 'ordinal' : 'cardinal'}`;\n  let rules = cache.get(key);\n\n  if (!rules) {\n    try {\n      rules = new Intl.PluralRules(locale, { type: ordinal ? 'ordinal' : 'cardinal' });\n    } catch {\n      rules = { select: (value: number) => (value === 1 ? 'one' : 'other') };\n    }\n\n    cache.set(key, rules);\n  }\n\n  return rules.select(count);\n}\n\nfunction interpolate(\n  template: string,\n  vars: TranslateVars | undefined,\n  key: string,\n  locale: Locale,\n  onMissing: (info: MissingInfo) => string,\n): string {\n  if (!template.includes('{')) return template;\n\n  return template.replace(INTERPOLATION_PATTERN, (_match, varName: string) => {\n    const value = vars != null ? resolvePath(vars, varName) : undefined;\n\n    if (value == null) {\n      return onMissing({ key, locale, type: 'var', varName });\n    }\n\n    return String(value);\n  });\n}\n\n/** Overload: explicit type parameter (strict typing) */\nexport function createI18n<M extends Messages>(config: I18nOptions<M>): I18n<M>;\n/** Overload: no type parameter (loose typing, allows heterogeneous catalogs) */\nexport function createI18n(config?: I18nOptions<Messages>): I18n<Messages>;\nexport function createI18n<M extends Messages = Messages>(config?: I18nOptions<M>): I18n<M> {\n  const cfg = (config ?? {}) as I18nOptions<M>;\n  let locale = canon(cfg.locale ?? 'en');\n  const fallback = Array.isArray(cfg.fallback) ? cfg.fallback.map(canon) : cfg.fallback ? [canon(cfg.fallback)] : [];\n\n  const registry = new Map<Locale, LocaleRecord<M>>();\n  const loading = new Map<Locale, LoadingRecord<M>>();\n  const subscribers = new Set<(snapshot: I18nSnapshot) => void>();\n  const pluralCache: PluralCaches = new Map();\n  const onMissing =\n    cfg.onMissing ??\n    ((info: MissingInfo) => {\n      if (info.type === 'key') return info.key;\n\n      return `{${info.varName}}`;\n    });\n  const onSubscriberError = cfg.onSubscriberError ?? (() => {});\n\n  let version = 0;\n  let snapshot: I18nSnapshot = { locale, version };\n  let activeChain = buildLocaleChain(locale, fallback);\n  let switchId = 0;\n\n  const bump = (): void => {\n    version++;\n    snapshot = { locale, version };\n\n    const listeners = [...subscribers];\n\n    for (const listener of listeners) {\n      try {\n        listener(snapshot);\n      } catch (error) {\n        onSubscriberError(error);\n      }\n    }\n  };\n\n  const addListener = (callback: (snapshot: I18nSnapshot) => void, immediate = false): Unsubscribe => {\n    subscribers.add(callback);\n\n    if (immediate) {\n      try {\n        callback(snapshot);\n      } catch (error) {\n        onSubscriberError(error);\n      }\n    }\n\n    return () => subscribers.delete(callback);\n  };\n\n  const findMessage = (key: string): string | undefined => {\n    for (const candidate of activeChain) {\n      const messages = registry.get(candidate)?.messages;\n\n      if (!messages) continue;\n\n      const value = resolvePath(messages, key);\n\n      if (typeof value === 'string') return value;\n    }\n\n    return undefined;\n  };\n\n  const setLocaleSource = (normalized: Locale, source: LocaleSource<M>): void => {\n    if (typeof source === 'function') {\n      registry.set(normalized, { kind: 'dynamic', loader: source as Loader<M> });\n\n      return;\n    }\n\n    registry.set(normalized, { kind: 'static', messages: source as M });\n  };\n\n  const register = (loc: Locale, source: LocaleSource<M>): void => {\n    const normalized = canon(loc);\n\n    setLocaleSource(normalized, source);\n\n    if (activeChain.includes(normalized)) bump();\n  };\n\n  if (cfg.catalogs) {\n    for (const [loc, source] of Object.entries(cfg.catalogs)) {\n      setLocaleSource(canon(loc), source as LocaleSource<M>);\n    }\n  }\n\n  const preload = async (loc: Locale): Promise<void> => {\n    const normalized = canon(loc);\n    const entry = registry.get(normalized);\n\n    if (!entry) {\n      throw new Error(`Missing locale source for \"${normalized}\".`);\n    }\n\n    if (entry.kind === 'static') return;\n\n    if (entry.messages) return;\n\n    const active = loading.get(normalized);\n\n    if (active?.entry === entry) {\n      await active.task;\n\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const task = (async () => {\n      const messages = await entry.loader(normalized);\n\n      // Only apply if the registry entry is still the exact object we started\n      // loading from. Any call to register() replaces the entry with a new\n      // object, so a stale loader result from a superseded source is discarded.\n      if (registry.get(normalized) !== entry) return;\n\n      entry.messages = messages;\n\n      if (activeChain.includes(normalized)) bump();\n    })();\n\n    loading.set(normalized, { entry, task });\n\n    try {\n      await task;\n    } finally {\n      if (loading.get(normalized)?.task === task) {\n        loading.delete(normalized);\n      }\n    }\n  };\n\n  function translate(key: MessageLeafKeys<M> | AnyKey, vars?: TranslateVars): string {\n    const base = String(key);\n    const message = findMessage(base);\n\n    return message === undefined\n      ? onMissing({ key: base, locale, type: 'key' })\n      : interpolate(message, vars, base, locale, onMissing);\n  }\n\n  function translatePlural(\n    key: MessageBranchKeys<M> | AnyKey,\n    count: number,\n    options?: PluralTranslateOptions,\n  ): string {\n    if (!Number.isFinite(count)) {\n      throw new TypeError('`count` must be a finite number.');\n    }\n\n    if (options?.vars && Object.hasOwn(options.vars, 'count')) {\n      throw new Error('`tp` does not allow `vars.count`; `count` is injected automatically.');\n    }\n\n    const base = String(key);\n    const ordinal = options?.ordinal === true;\n    const form = selectPluralForm(pluralCache, locale, count, ordinal);\n    const selectedKey = !ordinal && count === 0 ? `${base}.zero` : `${base}.${form}`;\n    const message = findMessage(selectedKey) ?? findMessage(`${base}.other`);\n\n    if (message === undefined) {\n      return onMissing({ key: base, locale, type: 'key' });\n    }\n\n    return interpolate(message, { ...(options?.vars ?? {}), count }, base, locale, onMissing);\n  }\n\n  return {\n    getSnapshot() {\n      return snapshot;\n    },\n\n    getSupportedLocales(options): Locale[] {\n      const locales = [...registry.keys()];\n\n      // Code-point sort: deterministic across all environments and locales.\n      return options?.sorted === true ? locales.sort() : locales;\n    },\n\n    has(key: MessageLeafKeys<M> | AnyKey): boolean {\n      return findMessage(String(key)) !== undefined;\n    },\n\n    get locale(): Locale {\n      return locale;\n    },\n\n    preload,\n\n    register,\n\n    async setLocale(next: Locale): Promise<void> {\n      const normalized = canon(next);\n\n      if (locale === normalized) return;\n\n      const id = ++switchId;\n\n      await preload(normalized);\n\n      if (id !== switchId) return;\n\n      locale = normalized;\n      activeChain = buildLocaleChain(locale, fallback);\n      bump();\n    },\n\n    subscribe(callback: (snapshot: I18nSnapshot) => void, options?: SubscribeOptions): Unsubscribe {\n      return addListener(callback, options?.immediate === true);\n    },\n\n    t: translate,\n    tp: translatePlural,\n  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package/dist/i18n.d.ts

@@ -1,78 +1,6 @@
-import type { BoundI18n, I18nOptions, Loader, Locale, LocaleChangeEvent, Messages, NamespaceKeys, TranslationKeyParam, Unsubscribe, Vars } from './types';
-export declare class I18n<T extends Messages = Messages> implements BoundI18n<T> {
-    #private;
-    constructor({ fallback, loaders, locale, messages, onDiagnostic, onMissing }?: I18nOptions<T>);
-    get locale(): Locale;
-    get locales(): Locale[];
-    set locale(value: Locale);
-    setLocale(locale: Locale): Promise<void>;
-    /** Deep-merges messages into an existing locale catalog. */
-    add(locale: Locale, messages: Messages): void;
-    /** Replaces the entire locale catalog for `locale` with a deep clone of `messages`. */
-    replace(locale: Locale, messages: Messages): void;
-    has(key: string): boolean;
-    /** Like `has()`, but only checks the exact locale without walking the fallback chain. */
-    hasOwn(key: string): boolean;
-    hasLocale(locale: Locale): boolean;
-    load(...locales: Locale[]): Promise<void>;
-    /**
-     * Force-reloads a locale catalog even if already populated. Useful for hot-reload and forced bundle refresh.
-     * No-op (with a dev warning) when no loader is registered for the locale, to prevent silently clearing the catalog.
-     */
-    reload(locale: Locale): Promise<void>;
-    registerLoader(locale: Locale, loader: Loader): void;
-    /** Returns the locale keys for which a loader has been registered. */
-    get loadableLocales(): Locale[];
-    /**
-     * Translates a key with optional interpolation variables.
-     * Locale must be loaded first via `load()` or provided via `messages` in config.
-     * For a per-call locale override use `withLocale(locale).t(key, vars)`.
-     */
-    t(key: TranslationKeyParam<T>, vars?: Vars): string;
-    number(value: number, options?: Intl.NumberFormatOptions): string;
-    date(value: Date | number, options?: Intl.DateTimeFormatOptions): string;
-    list(items: unknown[], type?: 'and' | 'or'): string;
-    relative(value: number, unit: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatUnit, options?: Intl.RelativeTimeFormatOptions): string;
-    currency(value: number, currency: string, options?: Omit<Intl.NumberFormatOptions, 'style' | 'currency'>): string;
-    /**
-     * Returns a bound interface that translates in the given locale without
-     * changing the active locale on the instance. Useful for SSR and
-     * multi-locale rendering in a single pass.
-     */
-    withLocale(locale: Locale): BoundI18n<T>;
-    /**
-     * Returns a translator scoped to a key namespace prefix. Reacts to locale changes on the
-     * instance. When `T` is a concrete message type, the returned `BoundI18n` is narrowed to
-     * the subtree type so `t()` autocomplete works within the scope.
-     * Only keys whose values are nested message objects are valid scope targets.
-     */
-    scope<K extends NamespaceKeys<T>>(ns: K): BoundI18n<T[K] & Messages>;
-    /**
-     * Executes `fn` while deferring subscriber notifications. A single notification fires
-     * after `fn` completes, collapsing any number of `add()` / `replace()` calls made within.
-     * Nested `batch()` calls are supported; notification fires when the outermost batch exits.
-     * If both a locale change and a catalog update are triggered, `'locale-change'` takes priority.
-     *
-     * @remarks
-     * `batch()` is synchronous. Async operations (e.g. `load()`) started inside `fn` complete
-     * after the batch exits and will notify subscribers individually. To batch-load multiple
-     * locales and notify once, await `load()` before entering the batch:
-     * ```ts
-     * await i18n.load('fr', 'de');
-     * i18n.batch(() => { i18n.locale = 'fr'; });
-     * ```
-     */
-    batch(fn: () => void): void;
-    subscribe(listener: (event: LocaleChangeEvent) => void, immediate?: boolean): Unsubscribe;
-    /** Releases all resources held by this instance. */
-    dispose(): void;
-    /** Enables `using i18n = createI18n(...)` for deterministic resource release. */
-    [Symbol.dispose](): void;
-    /**
-     * Awaits any in-flight `load()` calls and then releases all resources.
-     * Enables `await using i18n = createI18n(...)` in environments that support `Symbol.asyncDispose`.
-     */
-    [Symbol.asyncDispose](): Promise<void>;
-}
-export declare function createI18n<T extends Messages = Messages>(config?: I18nOptions<T>): I18n<T>;
+import type { I18n, I18nOptions, Messages } from './types';
+/** Overload: explicit type parameter (strict typing) */
+export declare function createI18n<M extends Messages>(config: I18nOptions<M>): I18n<M>;
+/** Overload: no type parameter (loose typing, allows heterogeneous catalogs) */
+export declare function createI18n(config?: I18nOptions<Messages>): I18n<Messages>;
 //# sourceMappingURL=i18n.d.ts.map

package/dist/i18n.d.ts.map

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