@vercel/slack-bolt 1.3.0 → 1.4.0

package/dist/index.d.mts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Receiver, StringIndexed, App } from '@slack/bolt';
 import { Logger, LogLevel } from '@slack/logger';
+import { StateStore, InstallProviderOptions, InstallPathOptions, CallbackOptions, InstallProvider } from '@slack/oauth';
 
 /**
  * A function to handle the request from the Slack app.
@@ -15,6 +16,30 @@ type VercelHandler = (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;
  * @property logLevel - The log level to use for the VercelReceiver.
  * @property customPropertiesExtractor - A function to extract custom properties from the request.
  */
+/**
+ * Options for customizing the OAuth installer behavior.
+ * Mirrors the relevant subset of HTTPReceiverInstallerOptions,
+ * excluding path-related options (serverless uses file-based routing).
+ */
+interface VercelInstallerOptions {
+    directInstall?: boolean;
+    renderHtmlForInstallPath?: (url: string) => string;
+    stateStore?: StateStore;
+    stateVerification?: boolean;
+    legacyStateVerification?: boolean;
+    stateCookieName?: string;
+    stateCookieExpirationSeconds?: number;
+    authVersion?: "v1" | "v2";
+    clientOptions?: InstallProviderOptions["clientOptions"];
+    authorizationUrl?: string;
+    metadata?: string;
+    userScopes?: string[];
+    installPathOptions?: InstallPathOptions;
+    callbackOptions?: CallbackOptions;
+}
+/**
+ * Configuration options for the VercelReceiver.
+ */
 interface VercelReceiverOptions {
     /**
      * The signing secret for the Slack app.
@@ -47,6 +72,41 @@ interface VercelReceiverOptions {
      * @default 3001
      */
     ackTimeoutMs?: number;
+    /**
+     * Your app's client ID, found under Basic Information on api.slack.com.
+     * Required for OAuth.
+     * @default process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_ID
+     */
+    clientId?: string;
+    /**
+     * Your app's client secret, found under Basic Information on api.slack.com.
+     * Required for OAuth.
+     * @default process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_SECRET
+     */
+    clientSecret?: string;
+    /**
+     * Secret used to generate and verify the state parameter for OAuth CSRF protection.
+     * Required unless a custom stateStore or stateVerification: false is provided.
+     * @default process.env.SLACK_STATE_SECRET
+     */
+    stateSecret?: string;
+    /**
+     * The bot scopes to request during the OAuth flow.
+     */
+    scopes?: string[];
+    /**
+     * The redirect URI registered with your Slack app for OAuth callbacks.
+     */
+    redirectUri?: string;
+    /**
+     * Storage backend for OAuth installations (tokens, team info, etc.).
+     * Required for OAuth in serverless -- the default in-memory store does not persist.
+     */
+    installationStore?: InstallProviderOptions["installationStore"];
+    /**
+     * Advanced options for the OAuth installer.
+     */
+    installerOptions?: VercelInstallerOptions;
 }
 /**
  * A Slack Bolt receiver implementation designed for Vercel's serverless environment.
@@ -75,6 +135,11 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
     private readonly customPropertiesExtractor?;
     private readonly ackTimeoutMs;
     private app?;
+    installer?: InstallProvider;
+    private installUrlOptions?;
+    private installCallbackOptions?;
+    private installPathOptions?;
+    private stateVerification?;
     /**
      * Gets the logger instance used by this receiver.
      * @returns The logger instance
@@ -91,7 +156,7 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
      * const receiver = new VercelReceiver();
      * ```
      */
-    constructor({ signingSecret, signatureVerification, logger, logLevel, customPropertiesExtractor, ackTimeoutMs, }?: VercelReceiverOptions);
+    constructor({ signingSecret, signatureVerification, logger, logLevel, customPropertiesExtractor, ackTimeoutMs, clientId, clientSecret, stateSecret, scopes, redirectUri, installationStore, installerOptions, }?: VercelReceiverOptions);
     /**
      * Initializes the receiver with a Slack Bolt app instance.
      * This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.
@@ -110,6 +175,16 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
      * Stops the receiver. This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.
      */
     stop(): Promise<void>;
+    /**
+     * Handles requests to the OAuth install path.
+     * Renders an "Add to Slack" page or redirects directly to Slack's authorize URL.
+     */
+    handleInstall: (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;
+    /**
+     * Handles the OAuth redirect callback from Slack.
+     * Exchanges the authorization code for tokens and stores the installation.
+     */
+    handleCallback: (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;
     /**
      * Creates a handler function that processes incoming Slack requests.
      * This is the main entry point for handling Slack events in Vercel.
@@ -151,4 +226,4 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
  */
 declare function createHandler(app: App, receiver: VercelReceiver): VercelHandler;
 
-export { type VercelHandler, VercelReceiver, type VercelReceiverOptions, createHandler };
+export { type VercelHandler, type VercelInstallerOptions, VercelReceiver, type VercelReceiverOptions, createHandler };

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Receiver, StringIndexed, App } from '@slack/bolt';
 import { Logger, LogLevel } from '@slack/logger';
+import { StateStore, InstallProviderOptions, InstallPathOptions, CallbackOptions, InstallProvider } from '@slack/oauth';
 
 /**
  * A function to handle the request from the Slack app.
@@ -15,6 +16,30 @@ type VercelHandler = (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;
  * @property logLevel - The log level to use for the VercelReceiver.
  * @property customPropertiesExtractor - A function to extract custom properties from the request.
  */
+/**
+ * Options for customizing the OAuth installer behavior.
+ * Mirrors the relevant subset of HTTPReceiverInstallerOptions,
+ * excluding path-related options (serverless uses file-based routing).
+ */
+interface VercelInstallerOptions {
+    directInstall?: boolean;
+    renderHtmlForInstallPath?: (url: string) => string;
+    stateStore?: StateStore;
+    stateVerification?: boolean;
+    legacyStateVerification?: boolean;
+    stateCookieName?: string;
+    stateCookieExpirationSeconds?: number;
+    authVersion?: "v1" | "v2";
+    clientOptions?: InstallProviderOptions["clientOptions"];
+    authorizationUrl?: string;
+    metadata?: string;
+    userScopes?: string[];
+    installPathOptions?: InstallPathOptions;
+    callbackOptions?: CallbackOptions;
+}
+/**
+ * Configuration options for the VercelReceiver.
+ */
 interface VercelReceiverOptions {
     /**
      * The signing secret for the Slack app.
@@ -47,6 +72,41 @@ interface VercelReceiverOptions {
      * @default 3001
      */
     ackTimeoutMs?: number;
+    /**
+     * Your app's client ID, found under Basic Information on api.slack.com.
+     * Required for OAuth.
+     * @default process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_ID
+     */
+    clientId?: string;
+    /**
+     * Your app's client secret, found under Basic Information on api.slack.com.
+     * Required for OAuth.
+     * @default process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_SECRET
+     */
+    clientSecret?: string;
+    /**
+     * Secret used to generate and verify the state parameter for OAuth CSRF protection.
+     * Required unless a custom stateStore or stateVerification: false is provided.
+     * @default process.env.SLACK_STATE_SECRET
+     */
+    stateSecret?: string;
+    /**
+     * The bot scopes to request during the OAuth flow.
+     */
+    scopes?: string[];
+    /**
+     * The redirect URI registered with your Slack app for OAuth callbacks.
+     */
+    redirectUri?: string;
+    /**
+     * Storage backend for OAuth installations (tokens, team info, etc.).
+     * Required for OAuth in serverless -- the default in-memory store does not persist.
+     */
+    installationStore?: InstallProviderOptions["installationStore"];
+    /**
+     * Advanced options for the OAuth installer.
+     */
+    installerOptions?: VercelInstallerOptions;
 }
 /**
  * A Slack Bolt receiver implementation designed for Vercel's serverless environment.
@@ -75,6 +135,11 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
     private readonly customPropertiesExtractor?;
     private readonly ackTimeoutMs;
     private app?;
+    installer?: InstallProvider;
+    private installUrlOptions?;
+    private installCallbackOptions?;
+    private installPathOptions?;
+    private stateVerification?;
     /**
      * Gets the logger instance used by this receiver.
      * @returns The logger instance
@@ -91,7 +156,7 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
      * const receiver = new VercelReceiver();
      * ```
      */
-    constructor({ signingSecret, signatureVerification, logger, logLevel, customPropertiesExtractor, ackTimeoutMs, }?: VercelReceiverOptions);
+    constructor({ signingSecret, signatureVerification, logger, logLevel, customPropertiesExtractor, ackTimeoutMs, clientId, clientSecret, stateSecret, scopes, redirectUri, installationStore, installerOptions, }?: VercelReceiverOptions);
     /**
      * Initializes the receiver with a Slack Bolt app instance.
      * This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.
@@ -110,6 +175,16 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
      * Stops the receiver. This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.
      */
     stop(): Promise<void>;
+    /**
+     * Handles requests to the OAuth install path.
+     * Renders an "Add to Slack" page or redirects directly to Slack's authorize URL.
+     */
+    handleInstall: (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;
+    /**
+     * Handles the OAuth redirect callback from Slack.
+     * Exchanges the authorization code for tokens and stores the installation.
+     */
+    handleCallback: (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;
     /**
      * Creates a handler function that processes incoming Slack requests.
      * This is the main entry point for handling Slack events in Vercel.
@@ -151,4 +226,4 @@ declare class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {
  */
 declare function createHandler(app: App, receiver: VercelReceiver): VercelHandler;
 
-export { type VercelHandler, VercelReceiver, type VercelReceiverOptions, createHandler };
+export { type VercelHandler, type VercelInstallerOptions, VercelReceiver, type VercelReceiverOptions, createHandler };

package/dist/index.js

@@ -3,13 +3,17 @@
 require('./chunk-QHMZVK6J.js');
 var bolt = require('@slack/bolt');
 var logger = require('@slack/logger');
+var oauth = require('@slack/oauth');
 var functions = require('@vercel/functions');
+var http = require('http');
+var net = require('net');
 
 // src/errors.ts
 var ERROR_MESSAGES = {
   // VercelReceiver errors
   SIGNING_SECRET_REQUIRED: "SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET is required for VercelReceiver",
   APP_NOT_INITIALIZED: "App not initialized",
+  OAUTH_NOT_CONFIGURED: "OAuth is not configured. Provide clientId, clientSecret, and stateSecret to enable OAuth.",
   REQUEST_TIMEOUT: "Request timeout",
   EVENT_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED: "Event not acknowledged within timeout period",
   // Header validation errors
@@ -78,6 +82,80 @@ function getErrorType(error) {
   }
   return ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.UNEXPECTED_ERROR;
 }
+function toIncomingMessage(req) {
+  const url = new URL(req.url);
+  const msg = new http.IncomingMessage(new net.Socket());
+  msg.url = url.pathname + url.search;
+  msg.method = req.method;
+  for (const [key, value] of req.headers.entries()) {
+    msg.headers[key.toLowerCase()] = value;
+  }
+  if (req.body) {
+    req.arrayBuffer().then((buf) => {
+      msg.push(Buffer.from(buf));
+      msg.push(null);
+    }).catch(() => msg.destroy());
+  } else {
+    msg.push(null);
+  }
+  return msg;
+}
+function createResponseCapture() {
+  let statusCode = 200;
+  const capturedHeaders = {};
+  const chunks = [];
+  const res = new http.ServerResponse(new http.IncomingMessage(new net.Socket()));
+  const originalSetHeader = res.setHeader.bind(res);
+  res.setHeader = (name, value) => {
+    const key = name.toLowerCase();
+    if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+      capturedHeaders[key] = [...value];
+    } else {
+      capturedHeaders[key] = String(value);
+    }
+    return originalSetHeader(name, value);
+  };
+  const originalGetHeader = res.getHeader.bind(res);
+  res.getHeader = (name) => {
+    const val = capturedHeaders[name.toLowerCase()];
+    if (val !== void 0) return val;
+    return originalGetHeader(name);
+  };
+  const originalWriteHead = res.writeHead.bind(res);
+  res.writeHead = (code, ...args) => {
+    statusCode = code;
+    const headersArg = args.find(
+      (a) => a !== void 0 && typeof a === "object" && !Array.isArray(a)
+    );
+    if (headersArg) {
+      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(headersArg)) {
+        const lower = key.toLowerCase();
+        capturedHeaders[lower] = value;
+      }
+    }
+    return originalWriteHead(code, ...args);
+  };
+  const originalEnd = res.end.bind(res);
+  res.end = (chunk, ...args) => {
+    if (chunk !== void 0 && chunk !== null) {
+      chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(String(chunk)));
+    }
+    return originalEnd(chunk, ...args);
+  };
+  res.toResponse = () => {
+    const body = chunks.length > 0 ? Buffer.concat(chunks).toString() : null;
+    const webHeaders = new Headers();
+    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(capturedHeaders)) {
+      if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+        for (const v of value) webHeaders.append(key, v);
+      } else {
+        webHeaders.set(key, value);
+      }
+    }
+    return new Response(body, { status: statusCode, headers: webHeaders });
+  };
+  return res;
+}
 
 // src/index.ts
 var LOG_PREFIX = "[@vercel/slack-bolt]";
@@ -93,6 +171,11 @@ var VercelReceiver = class {
   customPropertiesExtractor;
   ackTimeoutMs;
   app;
+  installer;
+  installUrlOptions;
+  installCallbackOptions;
+  installPathOptions;
+  stateVerification;
   /**
    * Gets the logger instance used by this receiver.
    * @returns The logger instance
@@ -117,7 +200,14 @@ var VercelReceiver = class {
     logger: logger$1,
     logLevel = logger.LogLevel.INFO,
     customPropertiesExtractor,
-    ackTimeoutMs = ACK_TIMEOUT_MS
+    ackTimeoutMs = ACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+    clientId = process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_ID,
+    clientSecret = process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_SECRET,
+    stateSecret = process.env.SLACK_STATE_SECRET,
+    scopes,
+    redirectUri,
+    installationStore,
+    installerOptions = {}
   } = {}) {
     if (!signingSecret) {
       throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.SIGNING_SECRET_REQUIRED);
@@ -130,6 +220,35 @@ var VercelReceiver = class {
     );
     this.customPropertiesExtractor = customPropertiesExtractor;
     this.ackTimeoutMs = ackTimeoutMs;
+    this.stateVerification = installerOptions.stateVerification;
+    if (clientId !== void 0 && clientSecret !== void 0 && (installerOptions.stateVerification === false || stateSecret !== void 0 || installerOptions.stateStore !== void 0)) {
+      this.installer = new oauth.InstallProvider({
+        clientId,
+        clientSecret,
+        stateSecret,
+        installationStore,
+        logger: logger$1,
+        logLevel,
+        directInstall: installerOptions.directInstall,
+        stateStore: installerOptions.stateStore,
+        stateVerification: installerOptions.stateVerification,
+        legacyStateVerification: installerOptions.legacyStateVerification,
+        stateCookieName: installerOptions.stateCookieName,
+        stateCookieExpirationSeconds: installerOptions.stateCookieExpirationSeconds,
+        renderHtmlForInstallPath: installerOptions.renderHtmlForInstallPath,
+        authVersion: installerOptions.authVersion ?? "v2",
+        clientOptions: installerOptions.clientOptions,
+        authorizationUrl: installerOptions.authorizationUrl
+      });
+      this.installUrlOptions = {
+        scopes: scopes ?? [],
+        userScopes: installerOptions.userScopes,
+        metadata: installerOptions.metadata,
+        redirectUri
+      };
+      this.installCallbackOptions = installerOptions.callbackOptions ?? {};
+      this.installPathOptions = installerOptions.installPathOptions ?? {};
+    }
     this.logger.debug("VercelReceiver initialized");
   }
   /**
@@ -158,6 +277,50 @@ var VercelReceiver = class {
   async stop() {
     this.logger.debug("VercelReceiver stopped");
   }
+  /**
+   * Handles requests to the OAuth install path.
+   * Renders an "Add to Slack" page or redirects directly to Slack's authorize URL.
+   */
+  handleInstall = async (req) => {
+    if (!this.installer) {
+      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.OAUTH_NOT_CONFIGURED);
+    }
+    const nodeReq = toIncomingMessage(req);
+    const capture = createResponseCapture();
+    await this.installer.handleInstallPath(
+      nodeReq,
+      capture,
+      this.installPathOptions,
+      this.installUrlOptions
+    );
+    return capture.toResponse();
+  };
+  /**
+   * Handles the OAuth redirect callback from Slack.
+   * Exchanges the authorization code for tokens and stores the installation.
+   */
+  handleCallback = async (req) => {
+    if (!this.installer) {
+      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.OAUTH_NOT_CONFIGURED);
+    }
+    const nodeReq = toIncomingMessage(req);
+    const capture = createResponseCapture();
+    if (this.stateVerification === false) {
+      await this.installer.handleCallback(
+        nodeReq,
+        capture,
+        this.installCallbackOptions,
+        this.installUrlOptions
+      );
+    } else {
+      await this.installer.handleCallback(
+        nodeReq,
+        capture,
+        this.installCallbackOptions
+      );
+    }
+    return capture.toResponse();
+  };
   /**
    * Creates a handler function that processes incoming Slack requests.
    * This is the main entry point for handling Slack events in Vercel.

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.UNEXPECTED_ERROR\n      : errorName;\n  }\n  return ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.UNEXPECTED_ERROR;\n}\n","import {\n  type AckFn,\n  type App,\n  type Receiver,\n  ReceiverAuthenticityError,\n  type ReceiverEvent,\n  ReceiverMultipleAckError,\n  type StringIndexed,\n  verifySlackRequest,\n} from \"@slack/bolt\";\nimport { ConsoleLogger, type Logger, LogLevel } from \"@slack/logger\";\nimport { waitUntil } from \"@vercel/functions\";\nimport {\n  ERROR_MESSAGES,\n  getErrorMessage,\n  getErrorType,\n  getStatusCode,\n  RequestParsingError,\n  VercelReceiverError,\n} from \"./errors\";\n\n// Types\n/**\n * A function to handle the request from the Slack app.\n * @param req - The request from the Slack app.\n * @returns A response object.\n */\nexport type VercelHandler = (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for the VercelReceiver.\n * @property signingSecret - The signing secret for the Slack app.\n * @property signatureVerification - If true, verifies the Slack request signature.\n * @property logger - The logger to use for the VercelReceiver.\n * @property logLevel - The log level to use for the VercelReceiver.\n * @property customPropertiesExtractor - A function to extract custom properties from the request.\n */\nexport interface VercelReceiverOptions {\n  /**\n   * The signing secret for the Slack app.\n   * @default process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET\n   */\n  signingSecret?: string;\n  /**\n   * If true, verifies the Slack request signature.\n   * @default true\n   */\n  signatureVerification?: boolean;\n  /**\n   * The logger to use for the VercelReceiver.\n   * @default new ConsoleLogger()\n   */\n  logger?: Logger;\n  /**\n   * The log level to use for the VercelReceiver.\n   * @default LogLevel.INFO\n   */\n  logLevel?: LogLevel;\n  /**\n   * A function to extract custom properties from incoming events.\n   * @default undefined\n   * @returns An object with custom properties.\n   */\n  customPropertiesExtractor?: (req: Request) => StringIndexed;\n  /**\n   * The timeout in milliseconds for event acknowledgment.\n   * @default 3001\n   */\n  ackTimeoutMs?: number;\n}\n\nconst LOG_PREFIX = \"[@vercel/slack-bolt]\";\nconst ACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 3001;\nconst SLACK_RETRY_NUM_HEADER = \"x-slack-retry-num\";\nconst SLACK_RETRY_REASON_HEADER = \"x-slack-retry-reason\";\nconst SLACK_TIMESTAMP_HEADER = \"x-slack-request-timestamp\";\nconst SLACK_SIGNATURE_HEADER = \"x-slack-signature\";\n\n/**\n * A Slack Bolt receiver implementation designed for Vercel's serverless environment.\n * Handles Slack events, interactions, and slash commands with automatic request verification,\n * background processing, and timeout management.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { App } from '@slack/bolt';\n * import { VercelReceiver, createHandler } from '@vercel/slack-bolt';\n *\n * const receiver = new VercelReceiver();\n *\n * const app = new App({\n *   receiver,\n *   token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,\n *   signingSecret: process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,\n * });\n * ```\n *\n */\nexport class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {\n  private readonly signingSecret: string;\n  private readonly signatureVerification: boolean;\n  private readonly logger: Logger;\n  private readonly customPropertiesExtractor?: (req: Request) => StringIndexed;\n  private readonly ackTimeoutMs: number;\n  private app?: App;\n\n  /**\n   * Gets the logger instance used by this receiver.\n   * @returns The logger instance\n   */\n  public getLogger(): Logger {\n    return this.logger;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a new VercelReceiver instance.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the receiver\n   * @throws {VercelReceiverError} When signing secret is not provided\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const receiver = new VercelReceiver();\n   * ```\n   */\n  public constructor({\n    signingSecret = process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,\n    signatureVerification = true,\n    logger,\n    logLevel = LogLevel.INFO,\n    customPropertiesExtractor,\n    ackTimeoutMs = ACK_TIMEOUT_MS,\n  }: VercelReceiverOptions = {}) {\n    if (!signingSecret) {\n      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.SIGNING_SECRET_REQUIRED);\n    }\n\n    this.signingSecret = signingSecret;\n    this.signatureVerification = signatureVerification;\n    this.logger = this.createScopedLogger(\n      logger ?? new ConsoleLogger(),\n      logLevel,\n    );\n    this.customPropertiesExtractor = customPropertiesExtractor;\n    this.ackTimeoutMs = ackTimeoutMs;\n\n    this.logger.debug(\"VercelReceiver initialized\");\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Initializes the receiver with a Slack Bolt app instance.\n   * This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.\n   *\n   * @param app - The Slack Bolt app instance\n   */\n  public init(app: App): void {\n    this.app = app;\n    this.logger.debug(\"App initialized in VercelReceiver\");\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Starts the receiver and returns a handler function for processing requests.\n   * This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.\n   *\n   * @returns A handler function that processes incoming Slack requests\n   */\n  public async start(): Promise<VercelHandler> {\n    this.logger.debug(\"VercelReceiver started\");\n    return this.toHandler();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stops the receiver. This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.\n   */\n  public async stop(): Promise<void> {\n    this.logger.debug(\"VercelReceiver stopped\");\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a handler function that processes incoming Slack requests.\n   * This is the main entry point for handling Slack events in Vercel.\n   * It is called automatically by the Bolt framework in the start() method.\n   *\n   * @returns A handler function compatible with Vercel's function signature\n   */\n  public toHandler(): VercelHandler {\n    return async (req: Request): Promise<Response> => {\n      try {\n        const rawBody = await req.text();\n\n        if (this.signatureVerification) {\n          this.verifyRequest(req, rawBody);\n        }\n\n        const body = await this.parseRequestBody(req, rawBody);\n\n        if (body.type === \"url_verification\") {\n          this.logger.debug(\"Handling URL verification challenge\");\n          return Response.json({ challenge: body.challenge });\n        }\n\n        return await this.handleSlackEvent(req, body);\n      } catch (error) {\n        return this.handleError(error);\n      }\n    };\n  }\n\n  private async parseRequestBody(\n    req: Request,\n    rawBody: string,\n  ): Promise<StringIndexed> {\n    const contentType = req.headers.get(\"content-type\");\n\n    try {\n      if (contentType === \"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\") {\n        const parsedBody: StringIndexed = {};\n        const params = new URLSearchParams(rawBody);\n\n        for (const [key, value] of params.entries()) {\n          parsedBody[key] = value;\n        }\n\n        if (typeof parsedBody.payload === \"string\") {\n          return JSON.parse(parsedBody.payload);\n        }\n        return parsedBody;\n      }\n      if (contentType === \"application/json\") {\n        return JSON.parse(rawBody);\n      }\n\n      this.logger.warn(`Unexpected content-type detected: ${contentType}`);\n\n      return JSON.parse(rawBody);\n    } catch (e) {\n      throw new RequestParsingError(\n        `Failed to parse body as JSON data for content-type: ${contentType}. Error: ${\n          e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e)\n        }`,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  private async handleSlackEvent(\n    req: Request,\n    body: StringIndexed,\n  ): Promise<Response> {\n    if (!this.app) {\n      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.APP_NOT_INITIALIZED, 500);\n    }\n\n    let isAcknowledged = false;\n    let responseResolver: (value: Response) => void;\n    let responseRejecter: (error: Error) => void;\n\n    const responsePromise = new Promise<Response>((resolve, reject) => {\n      responseResolver = resolve;\n      responseRejecter = reject;\n    });\n\n    // Slack requires an acknowledgment from your app within 3 seconds\n    const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {\n      if (!isAcknowledged) {\n        isAcknowledged = true;\n        this.logger.error(ERROR_MESSAGES.EVENT_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED);\n        const error = new VercelReceiverError(\n          ERROR_MESSAGES.REQUEST_TIMEOUT,\n          408,\n        );\n        responseRejecter(error);\n      }\n    }, this.ackTimeoutMs);\n\n    // Create acknowledgment function\n    const ackFn: AckFn<StringIndexed> = async (responseBody) => {\n      this.logger.debug(`ack() call begins (body: ${responseBody})`);\n      if (isAcknowledged) {\n        throw new ReceiverMultipleAckError();\n      }\n\n      isAcknowledged = true;\n      clearTimeout(timeoutId);\n\n      try {\n        let body: string | undefined;\n        if (typeof responseBody === \"undefined\") {\n          body = undefined;\n        } else if (typeof responseBody === \"string\") {\n          body = responseBody;\n        } else {\n          body = JSON.stringify(responseBody);\n        }\n        const response = new Response(body, {\n          status: 200,\n          headers: {\n            \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\",\n          },\n        });\n\n        responseResolver(response);\n      } catch (error) {\n        this.logger.error(ERROR_MESSAGES.ACKNOWLEDGMENT_ERROR, error);\n        responseRejecter(\n          error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error)),\n        );\n      }\n    };\n\n    const event = this.createSlackReceiverEvent({\n      body,\n      headers: req.headers,\n      ack: ackFn,\n      request: req,\n    });\n\n    // Process event in background using waitUntil from Vercel Functions\n    // https://vercel.com/docs/functions/functions-api-reference/vercel-functions-package#waituntil\n    waitUntil(\n      this.app.processEvent(event).catch((error) => {\n        return this.handleError(error);\n      }),\n    );\n\n    try {\n      return await responsePromise;\n    } catch (error) {\n      return this.handleError(error);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private verifyRequest(req: Request, body: string): void {\n    const timestamp = req.headers.get(SLACK_TIMESTAMP_HEADER);\n    const signature = req.headers.get(SLACK_SIGNATURE_HEADER);\n\n    if (!signature) {\n      throw new ReceiverAuthenticityError(\n        ERROR_MESSAGES.MISSING_REQUIRED_HEADER(SLACK_SIGNATURE_HEADER),\n      );\n    }\n\n    if (!timestamp) {\n      throw new ReceiverAuthenticityError(\n        ERROR_MESSAGES.MISSING_REQUIRED_HEADER(SLACK_TIMESTAMP_HEADER),\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      verifySlackRequest({\n        signingSecret: this.signingSecret,\n        body,\n        headers: {\n          \"x-slack-signature\": signature,\n          \"x-slack-request-timestamp\": Number.parseInt(timestamp, 10),\n        },\n        logger: this.logger,\n      });\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new ReceiverAuthenticityError(\n        error instanceof Error\n          ? error.message\n          : \"Failed to verify request signature\",\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  private createSlackReceiverEvent({\n    body,\n    headers,\n    ack,\n    request,\n  }: {\n    body: StringIndexed;\n    headers: Headers;\n    ack: AckFn<StringIndexed>;\n    request: Request;\n  }): ReceiverEvent {\n    const customProperties = this.customPropertiesExtractor\n      ? this.customPropertiesExtractor(request)\n      : {};\n\n    const retryNum = headers.get(SLACK_RETRY_NUM_HEADER) || \"0\";\n\n    const retryReason = headers.get(SLACK_RETRY_REASON_HEADER) || \"\";\n\n    return {\n      body,\n      ack,\n      retryNum: Number(retryNum),\n      retryReason,\n      customProperties,\n    };\n  }\n\n  public handleError(error: unknown): Response {\n    const errorMessage = getErrorMessage(error);\n    const errorType = getErrorType(error);\n    const errorStatusCode = getStatusCode(error);\n\n    this.logger.error(error);\n    return new Response(\n      JSON.stringify({\n        error: errorMessage,\n        type: errorType,\n      }),\n      {\n        status: errorStatusCode,\n        headers: { \"content-type\": \"application/json\" },\n      },\n    );\n  }\n\n  private createScopedLogger(logger: Logger, logLevel: LogLevel): Logger {\n    logger.setLevel(logLevel);\n\n    return {\n      ...logger,\n      error: (...args) => logger.error?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      warn: (...args) => logger.warn?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      info: (...args) => logger.info?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      debug: (...args) => logger.debug?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      setLevel: logger.setLevel,\n      getLevel: logger.getLevel,\n    };\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a Vercel-compatible handler function for a Slack Bolt app.\n * This is the recommended way to create handlers for deployment on Vercel.\n *\n * @param {App} app - The initialized Slack Bolt app instance.\n * @param {VercelReceiver} receiver - The VercelReceiver instance.\n * @returns {VercelHandler} A handler function compatible with Vercel's function signature.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * // api/events.ts\n * import { createHandler } from '@vercel/slack-bolt';\n * import { app, receiver } from '../app';\n *\n * const handler = createHandler(app, receiver);\n *\n * export const POST = async (req: Request) => {\n *   return handler(req);\n * };\n * ```\n *\n * @throws {Error} If app initialization fails.\n * @throws {VercelReceiverError} If request processing fails.\n */\nexport function createHandler(\n  app: App,\n  receiver: VercelReceiver,\n): VercelHandler {\n  let initPromise: Promise<void> | null = null;\n\n  return async (req: Request) => {\n    try {\n      if (!initPromise) {\n        initPromise = app.init().catch((error) => {\n          // Reset initPromise so subsequent requests can retry initialization\n          initPromise = null;\n          throw error;\n        });\n      }\n      await initPromise;\n\n      receiver.init(app);\n      const handler = await receiver.start();\n      return handler(req);\n    } catch (error) {\n      // if app.init fails, we use console.error instead of logger.error because the logger is not available\n      console.error(ERROR_MESSAGES.CREATE_HANDLER_ERROR, error);\n      return new Response(\n        JSON.stringify({\n          error: ERROR_MESSAGES.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HANDLER,\n          type: ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.HANDLER_ERROR,\n        }),\n        { status: 500, headers: { \"content-type\": \"application/json\" } },\n      );\n    }\n  };\n}\n"]}
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Error messages constants\nexport const ERROR_MESSAGES = {\n  // VercelReceiver errors\n  SIGNING_SECRET_REQUIRED:\n    \"SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET is required for VercelReceiver\",\n  APP_NOT_INITIALIZED: \"App not initialized\",\n  OAUTH_NOT_CONFIGURED:\n    \"OAuth is not configured. Provide clientId, clientSecret, and stateSecret to enable OAuth.\",\n  REQUEST_TIMEOUT: \"Request timeout\",\n  EVENT_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED: \"Event not acknowledged within timeout period\",\n\n  // Header validation errors\n  MISSING_REQUIRED_HEADER: (header: string) =>\n    `Missing required header: ${header}`,\n\n  // Generic fallback errors\n  REQUEST_VERIFICATION_FAILED: \"Request verification failed\",\n  INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR: \"Internal server error\",\n  INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HANDLER: \"Internal Server Error\",\n  ACKNOWLEDGMENT_ERROR: \"Error in acknowledgment handler\",\n  CREATE_HANDLER_ERROR: \"Error in createHandler:\",\n\n  // Error type names\n  TYPES: {\n    VERCEL_RECEIVER_ERROR: \"VercelReceiverError\",\n    SIGNATURE_VERIFICATION_ERROR: \"SignatureVerificationError\",\n    REQUEST_PARSING_ERROR: \"RequestParsingError\",\n    UNEXPECTED_ERROR: \"UnexpectedError\",\n    HANDLER_ERROR: \"HandlerError\",\n  },\n} as const;\n\nexport class VercelReceiverError extends Error {\n  constructor(\n    message: string,\n    public readonly statusCode: number = 500,\n  ) {\n    super(message);\n    this.name = ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.VERCEL_RECEIVER_ERROR;\n  }\n}\n\nexport class RequestParsingError extends VercelReceiverError {\n  constructor(message: string = \"Failed to parse request\") {\n    super(message, 400);\n    this.name = ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.REQUEST_PARSING_ERROR;\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Determines the appropriate HTTP status code for a given error.\n * @param error The error to get status code for\n * @returns HTTP status code\n */\nexport function getStatusCode(error: unknown): number {\n  if (error instanceof VercelReceiverError) {\n    return error.statusCode;\n  }\n\n  // External error types from @slack/bolt\n  if (error && typeof error === \"object\") {\n    const errorName =\n      error.constructor?.name || (error as { name?: string }).name;\n    switch (errorName) {\n      case \"ReceiverAuthenticityError\":\n        return 401;\n      case \"ReceiverMultipleAckError\":\n        return 500;\n      case \"RequestParsingError\":\n        return 400;\n      case \"SignatureVerificationError\":\n        return 400;\n      default:\n        return 500;\n    }\n  }\n\n  return 500;\n}\n\n/**\n * Gets the error message for response.\n * @param error The error to get message for\n * @returns Error message string\n */\nexport function getErrorMessage(error: unknown): string {\n  if (error && typeof error === \"object\" && \"message\" in error) {\n    return String(error.message);\n  }\n  return ERROR_MESSAGES.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;\n}\n\n/**\n * Gets the error type for response.\n * @param error The error to get type for\n * @returns Error type string\n */\nexport function getErrorType(error: unknown): string {\n  if (error && typeof error === \"object\") {\n    const ctorName = (error as { constructor?: { name?: string } }).constructor\n      ?.name;\n    const nameProp = (error as { name?: string }).name;\n    const errorName =\n      ctorName ?? nameProp ?? ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.UNEXPECTED_ERROR;\n    // Use \"UnexpectedError\" for generic Error instances, otherwise use the actual name\n    return errorName === \"Error\"\n      ? ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.UNEXPECTED_ERROR\n      : errorName;\n  }\n  return ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.UNEXPECTED_ERROR;\n}\n","/**\n * Minimal Web <-> Node HTTP adapters for @slack/oauth InstallProvider.\n *\n * These do NOT implement the full IncomingMessage/ServerResponse contract.\n * Only the methods actually called by InstallProvider are intercepted.\n * Do not reuse for other Node libraries without verifying which methods\n * they call.\n *\n * Targets @slack/oauth\\@3.0.5 InstallProvider internals.\n * Do not upgrade without running the integration tests.\n */\n\nimport { IncomingMessage, ServerResponse } from \"node:http\";\nimport { Socket } from \"node:net\";\n\nexport type ResponseCapture = ServerResponse & { toResponse(): Response };\n\n/**\n * Wraps a Web API Request as a minimal Node.js IncomingMessage\n * so it can be passed to @slack/oauth's InstallProvider methods.\n */\nexport function toIncomingMessage(req: Request): IncomingMessage {\n  const url = new URL(req.url);\n  // Dummy socket — satisfies the IncomingMessage constructor but is never connected.\n  const msg = new IncomingMessage(new Socket());\n  msg.url = url.pathname + url.search;\n  msg.method = req.method;\n  for (const [key, value] of req.headers.entries()) {\n    msg.headers[key.toLowerCase()] = value;\n  }\n\n  if (req.body) {\n    req\n      .arrayBuffer()\n      .then((buf) => {\n        msg.push(Buffer.from(buf));\n        msg.push(null);\n      })\n      .catch(() => msg.destroy());\n  } else {\n    msg.push(null);\n  }\n\n  return msg;\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a fake ServerResponse that captures setHeader/writeHead/end calls\n * and converts them into a Web API Response.\n *\n * InstallProvider uses res.setHeader() for Location, Set-Cookie, Content-Type\n * and res.getHeader() to read back Set-Cookie before appending.\n */\nexport function createResponseCapture(): ResponseCapture {\n  let statusCode = 200;\n  const capturedHeaders: Record<string, string | string[]> = {};\n  const chunks: Buffer[] = [];\n\n  // Dummy socket/message pair — never connected, just satisfies the constructor.\n  const res = new ServerResponse(new IncomingMessage(new Socket()));\n\n  const originalSetHeader = res.setHeader.bind(res);\n  res.setHeader = (\n    name: string,\n    value: string | number | readonly string[],\n  ) => {\n    const key = name.toLowerCase();\n    if (Array.isArray(value)) {\n      capturedHeaders[key] = [...value];\n    } else {\n      capturedHeaders[key] = String(value);\n    }\n    return originalSetHeader(name, value);\n  };\n\n  const originalGetHeader = res.getHeader.bind(res);\n  res.getHeader = (name: string): string | number | string[] | undefined => {\n    const val = capturedHeaders[name.toLowerCase()];\n    if (val !== undefined) return val;\n    return originalGetHeader(name);\n  };\n\n  const originalWriteHead = res.writeHead.bind(res);\n  // writeHead has four overloads: (code), (code, message), (code, headers),\n  // and (code, message, headers). We sniff for the first non-array object arg\n  // to find the headers object in all cases.\n  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: writeHead has many overloads\n  res.writeHead = (code: number, ...args: any[]) => {\n    statusCode = code;\n    const headersArg = args.find(\n      (a) => a !== undefined && typeof a === \"object\" && !Array.isArray(a),\n    ) as Record<string, string | string[]> | undefined;\n    if (headersArg) {\n      for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(headersArg)) {\n        const lower = key.toLowerCase();\n        capturedHeaders[lower] = value;\n      }\n    }\n    return originalWriteHead(code, ...args);\n  };\n\n  const originalEnd = res.end.bind(res);\n  // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: end has many overloads\n  res.end = (chunk?: any, ...args: any[]) => {\n    if (chunk !== undefined && chunk !== null) {\n      chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(String(chunk)));\n    }\n    return originalEnd(chunk, ...args);\n  };\n\n  (res as ResponseCapture).toResponse = () => {\n    const body = chunks.length > 0 ? Buffer.concat(chunks).toString() : null;\n    const webHeaders = new Headers();\n    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(capturedHeaders)) {\n      if (Array.isArray(value)) {\n        for (const v of value) webHeaders.append(key, v);\n      } else {\n        webHeaders.set(key, value);\n      }\n    }\n    return new Response(body, { status: statusCode, headers: webHeaders });\n  };\n\n  return res as ResponseCapture;\n}\n","import {\n  type AckFn,\n  type App,\n  type HTTPReceiverOptions,\n  type Receiver,\n  ReceiverAuthenticityError,\n  type ReceiverEvent,\n  ReceiverMultipleAckError,\n  type StringIndexed,\n  verifySlackRequest,\n} from \"@slack/bolt\";\nimport { ConsoleLogger, type Logger, LogLevel } from \"@slack/logger\";\nimport {\n  type CallbackOptions,\n  type InstallPathOptions,\n  InstallProvider,\n  type InstallProviderOptions,\n  type InstallURLOptions,\n  type StateStore,\n} from \"@slack/oauth\";\nimport { waitUntil } from \"@vercel/functions\";\nimport {\n  ERROR_MESSAGES,\n  getErrorMessage,\n  getErrorType,\n  getStatusCode,\n  RequestParsingError,\n  VercelReceiverError,\n} from \"./errors\";\nimport { createResponseCapture, toIncomingMessage } from \"./oauth-adapters\";\n\n// Types\n/**\n * A function to handle the request from the Slack app.\n * @param req - The request from the Slack app.\n * @returns A response object.\n */\nexport type VercelHandler = (req: Request) => Promise<Response>;\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for the VercelReceiver.\n * @property signingSecret - The signing secret for the Slack app.\n * @property signatureVerification - If true, verifies the Slack request signature.\n * @property logger - The logger to use for the VercelReceiver.\n * @property logLevel - The log level to use for the VercelReceiver.\n * @property customPropertiesExtractor - A function to extract custom properties from the request.\n */\n/**\n * Options for customizing the OAuth installer behavior.\n * Mirrors the relevant subset of HTTPReceiverInstallerOptions,\n * excluding path-related options (serverless uses file-based routing).\n */\nexport interface VercelInstallerOptions {\n  directInstall?: boolean;\n  renderHtmlForInstallPath?: (url: string) => string;\n  stateStore?: StateStore;\n  stateVerification?: boolean;\n  legacyStateVerification?: boolean;\n  stateCookieName?: string;\n  stateCookieExpirationSeconds?: number;\n  authVersion?: \"v1\" | \"v2\";\n  clientOptions?: InstallProviderOptions[\"clientOptions\"];\n  authorizationUrl?: string;\n  metadata?: string;\n  userScopes?: string[];\n  installPathOptions?: InstallPathOptions;\n  callbackOptions?: CallbackOptions;\n}\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for the VercelReceiver.\n */\nexport interface VercelReceiverOptions {\n  /**\n   * The signing secret for the Slack app.\n   * @default process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET\n   */\n  signingSecret?: string;\n  /**\n   * If true, verifies the Slack request signature.\n   * @default true\n   */\n  signatureVerification?: boolean;\n  /**\n   * The logger to use for the VercelReceiver.\n   * @default new ConsoleLogger()\n   */\n  logger?: Logger;\n  /**\n   * The log level to use for the VercelReceiver.\n   * @default LogLevel.INFO\n   */\n  logLevel?: LogLevel;\n  /**\n   * A function to extract custom properties from incoming events.\n   * @default undefined\n   * @returns An object with custom properties.\n   */\n  customPropertiesExtractor?: (req: Request) => StringIndexed;\n  /**\n   * The timeout in milliseconds for event acknowledgment.\n   * @default 3001\n   */\n  ackTimeoutMs?: number;\n  /**\n   * Your app's client ID, found under Basic Information on api.slack.com.\n   * Required for OAuth.\n   * @default process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_ID\n   */\n  clientId?: string;\n  /**\n   * Your app's client secret, found under Basic Information on api.slack.com.\n   * Required for OAuth.\n   * @default process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_SECRET\n   */\n  clientSecret?: string;\n  /**\n   * Secret used to generate and verify the state parameter for OAuth CSRF protection.\n   * Required unless a custom stateStore or stateVerification: false is provided.\n   * @default process.env.SLACK_STATE_SECRET\n   */\n  stateSecret?: string;\n  /**\n   * The bot scopes to request during the OAuth flow.\n   */\n  scopes?: string[];\n  /**\n   * The redirect URI registered with your Slack app for OAuth callbacks.\n   */\n  redirectUri?: string;\n  /**\n   * Storage backend for OAuth installations (tokens, team info, etc.).\n   * Required for OAuth in serverless -- the default in-memory store does not persist.\n   */\n  installationStore?: InstallProviderOptions[\"installationStore\"];\n  /**\n   * Advanced options for the OAuth installer.\n   */\n  installerOptions?: VercelInstallerOptions;\n}\n\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n// Compile-time shape assertions\n// Verify our types match Bolt's underlying shapes without coupling optionality.\n// If Bolt changes a type upstream, tsc breaks here -- not in user-land at runtime.\n// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------\ntype AssertShape<Source, Target> =\n  NonNullable<Source> extends NonNullable<Target> ? true : never;\n\ntype _S1 = AssertShape<\n  VercelReceiverOptions[\"clientId\"],\n  HTTPReceiverOptions[\"clientId\"]\n>;\ntype _S2 = AssertShape<\n  VercelReceiverOptions[\"clientSecret\"],\n  HTTPReceiverOptions[\"clientSecret\"]\n>;\ntype _S3 = AssertShape<\n  VercelReceiverOptions[\"stateSecret\"],\n  HTTPReceiverOptions[\"stateSecret\"]\n>;\ntype _S4 = AssertShape<\n  VercelReceiverOptions[\"scopes\"],\n  HTTPReceiverOptions[\"scopes\"]\n>;\ntype _S5 = AssertShape<\n  VercelReceiverOptions[\"redirectUri\"],\n  HTTPReceiverOptions[\"redirectUri\"]\n>;\ntype _S6 = AssertShape<\n  VercelReceiverOptions[\"installationStore\"],\n  HTTPReceiverOptions[\"installationStore\"]\n>;\ntype _S7 = AssertShape<\n  VercelInstallerOptions[\"stateVerification\"],\n  InstallProviderOptions[\"stateVerification\"]\n>;\ntype _S8 = AssertShape<\n  VercelInstallerOptions[\"callbackOptions\"],\n  CallbackOptions\n>;\ntype _S9 = AssertShape<\n  VercelInstallerOptions[\"stateStore\"],\n  InstallProviderOptions[\"stateStore\"]\n>;\ntype _S10 = AssertShape<\n  VercelInstallerOptions[\"authVersion\"],\n  InstallProviderOptions[\"authVersion\"]\n>;\ntype _S11 = AssertShape<\n  VercelInstallerOptions[\"userScopes\"],\n  InstallURLOptions[\"userScopes\"]\n>;\ntype _S12 = AssertShape<\n  VercelInstallerOptions[\"metadata\"],\n  InstallURLOptions[\"metadata\"]\n>;\n\nconst LOG_PREFIX = \"[@vercel/slack-bolt]\";\nconst ACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 3001;\nconst SLACK_RETRY_NUM_HEADER = \"x-slack-retry-num\";\nconst SLACK_RETRY_REASON_HEADER = \"x-slack-retry-reason\";\nconst SLACK_TIMESTAMP_HEADER = \"x-slack-request-timestamp\";\nconst SLACK_SIGNATURE_HEADER = \"x-slack-signature\";\n\n/**\n * A Slack Bolt receiver implementation designed for Vercel's serverless environment.\n * Handles Slack events, interactions, and slash commands with automatic request verification,\n * background processing, and timeout management.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { App } from '@slack/bolt';\n * import { VercelReceiver, createHandler } from '@vercel/slack-bolt';\n *\n * const receiver = new VercelReceiver();\n *\n * const app = new App({\n *   receiver,\n *   token: process.env.SLACK_BOT_TOKEN,\n *   signingSecret: process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,\n * });\n * ```\n *\n */\nexport class VercelReceiver implements Receiver {\n  private readonly signingSecret: string;\n  private readonly signatureVerification: boolean;\n  private readonly logger: Logger;\n  private readonly customPropertiesExtractor?: (req: Request) => StringIndexed;\n  private readonly ackTimeoutMs: number;\n  private app?: App;\n\n  public installer?: InstallProvider;\n  private installUrlOptions?: InstallURLOptions;\n  private installCallbackOptions?: CallbackOptions;\n  private installPathOptions?: InstallPathOptions;\n  private stateVerification?: boolean;\n\n  /**\n   * Gets the logger instance used by this receiver.\n   * @returns The logger instance\n   */\n  public getLogger(): Logger {\n    return this.logger;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a new VercelReceiver instance.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the receiver\n   * @throws {VercelReceiverError} When signing secret is not provided\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const receiver = new VercelReceiver();\n   * ```\n   */\n  public constructor({\n    signingSecret = process.env.SLACK_SIGNING_SECRET,\n    signatureVerification = true,\n    logger,\n    logLevel = LogLevel.INFO,\n    customPropertiesExtractor,\n    ackTimeoutMs = ACK_TIMEOUT_MS,\n    clientId = process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_ID,\n    clientSecret = process.env.SLACK_CLIENT_SECRET,\n    stateSecret = process.env.SLACK_STATE_SECRET,\n    scopes,\n    redirectUri,\n    installationStore,\n    installerOptions = {},\n  }: VercelReceiverOptions = {}) {\n    if (!signingSecret) {\n      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.SIGNING_SECRET_REQUIRED);\n    }\n\n    this.signingSecret = signingSecret;\n    this.signatureVerification = signatureVerification;\n    this.logger = this.createScopedLogger(\n      logger ?? new ConsoleLogger(),\n      logLevel,\n    );\n    this.customPropertiesExtractor = customPropertiesExtractor;\n    this.ackTimeoutMs = ackTimeoutMs;\n\n    this.stateVerification = installerOptions.stateVerification;\n\n    if (\n      clientId !== undefined &&\n      clientSecret !== undefined &&\n      (installerOptions.stateVerification === false ||\n        stateSecret !== undefined ||\n        installerOptions.stateStore !== undefined)\n    ) {\n      this.installer = new InstallProvider({\n        clientId,\n        clientSecret,\n        stateSecret,\n        installationStore,\n        logger,\n        logLevel,\n        directInstall: installerOptions.directInstall,\n        stateStore: installerOptions.stateStore,\n        stateVerification: installerOptions.stateVerification,\n        legacyStateVerification: installerOptions.legacyStateVerification,\n        stateCookieName: installerOptions.stateCookieName,\n        stateCookieExpirationSeconds:\n          installerOptions.stateCookieExpirationSeconds,\n        renderHtmlForInstallPath: installerOptions.renderHtmlForInstallPath,\n        authVersion: installerOptions.authVersion ?? \"v2\",\n        clientOptions: installerOptions.clientOptions,\n        authorizationUrl: installerOptions.authorizationUrl,\n      });\n\n      this.installUrlOptions = {\n        scopes: scopes ?? [],\n        userScopes: installerOptions.userScopes,\n        metadata: installerOptions.metadata,\n        redirectUri,\n      };\n      this.installCallbackOptions = installerOptions.callbackOptions ?? {};\n      this.installPathOptions = installerOptions.installPathOptions ?? {};\n    }\n\n    this.logger.debug(\"VercelReceiver initialized\");\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Initializes the receiver with a Slack Bolt app instance.\n   * This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.\n   *\n   * @param app - The Slack Bolt app instance\n   */\n  public init(app: App): void {\n    this.app = app;\n    this.logger.debug(\"App initialized in VercelReceiver\");\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Starts the receiver and returns a handler function for processing requests.\n   * This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.\n   *\n   * @returns A handler function that processes incoming Slack requests\n   */\n  public async start(): Promise<VercelHandler> {\n    this.logger.debug(\"VercelReceiver started\");\n    return this.toHandler();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stops the receiver. This method is called automatically by the Bolt framework.\n   */\n  public async stop(): Promise<void> {\n    this.logger.debug(\"VercelReceiver stopped\");\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Handles requests to the OAuth install path.\n   * Renders an \"Add to Slack\" page or redirects directly to Slack's authorize URL.\n   */\n  public handleInstall = async (req: Request): Promise<Response> => {\n    if (!this.installer) {\n      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.OAUTH_NOT_CONFIGURED);\n    }\n\n    const nodeReq = toIncomingMessage(req);\n    const capture = createResponseCapture();\n\n    await this.installer.handleInstallPath(\n      nodeReq,\n      capture,\n      this.installPathOptions,\n      this.installUrlOptions,\n    );\n\n    return capture.toResponse();\n  };\n\n  /**\n   * Handles the OAuth redirect callback from Slack.\n   * Exchanges the authorization code for tokens and stores the installation.\n   */\n  public handleCallback = async (req: Request): Promise<Response> => {\n    if (!this.installer) {\n      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.OAUTH_NOT_CONFIGURED);\n    }\n\n    const nodeReq = toIncomingMessage(req);\n    const capture = createResponseCapture();\n\n    if (this.stateVerification === false) {\n      await this.installer.handleCallback(\n        nodeReq,\n        capture,\n        this.installCallbackOptions,\n        this.installUrlOptions,\n      );\n    } else {\n      await this.installer.handleCallback(\n        nodeReq,\n        capture,\n        this.installCallbackOptions,\n      );\n    }\n\n    return capture.toResponse();\n  };\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a handler function that processes incoming Slack requests.\n   * This is the main entry point for handling Slack events in Vercel.\n   * It is called automatically by the Bolt framework in the start() method.\n   *\n   * @returns A handler function compatible with Vercel's function signature\n   */\n  public toHandler(): VercelHandler {\n    return async (req: Request): Promise<Response> => {\n      try {\n        const rawBody = await req.text();\n\n        if (this.signatureVerification) {\n          this.verifyRequest(req, rawBody);\n        }\n\n        const body = await this.parseRequestBody(req, rawBody);\n\n        if (body.type === \"url_verification\") {\n          this.logger.debug(\"Handling URL verification challenge\");\n          return Response.json({ challenge: body.challenge });\n        }\n\n        return await this.handleSlackEvent(req, body);\n      } catch (error) {\n        return this.handleError(error);\n      }\n    };\n  }\n\n  private async parseRequestBody(\n    req: Request,\n    rawBody: string,\n  ): Promise<StringIndexed> {\n    const contentType = req.headers.get(\"content-type\");\n\n    try {\n      if (contentType === \"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\") {\n        const parsedBody: StringIndexed = {};\n        const params = new URLSearchParams(rawBody);\n\n        for (const [key, value] of params.entries()) {\n          parsedBody[key] = value;\n        }\n\n        if (typeof parsedBody.payload === \"string\") {\n          return JSON.parse(parsedBody.payload);\n        }\n        return parsedBody;\n      }\n      if (contentType === \"application/json\") {\n        return JSON.parse(rawBody);\n      }\n\n      this.logger.warn(`Unexpected content-type detected: ${contentType}`);\n\n      return JSON.parse(rawBody);\n    } catch (e) {\n      throw new RequestParsingError(\n        `Failed to parse body as JSON data for content-type: ${contentType}. Error: ${\n          e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e)\n        }`,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  private async handleSlackEvent(\n    req: Request,\n    body: StringIndexed,\n  ): Promise<Response> {\n    if (!this.app) {\n      throw new VercelReceiverError(ERROR_MESSAGES.APP_NOT_INITIALIZED, 500);\n    }\n\n    let isAcknowledged = false;\n    let responseResolver: (value: Response) => void;\n    let responseRejecter: (error: Error) => void;\n\n    const responsePromise = new Promise<Response>((resolve, reject) => {\n      responseResolver = resolve;\n      responseRejecter = reject;\n    });\n\n    // Slack requires an acknowledgment from your app within 3 seconds\n    const timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {\n      if (!isAcknowledged) {\n        isAcknowledged = true;\n        this.logger.error(ERROR_MESSAGES.EVENT_NOT_ACKNOWLEDGED);\n        const error = new VercelReceiverError(\n          ERROR_MESSAGES.REQUEST_TIMEOUT,\n          408,\n        );\n        responseRejecter(error);\n      }\n    }, this.ackTimeoutMs);\n\n    // Create acknowledgment function\n    const ackFn: AckFn<StringIndexed> = async (responseBody) => {\n      this.logger.debug(`ack() call begins (body: ${responseBody})`);\n      if (isAcknowledged) {\n        throw new ReceiverMultipleAckError();\n      }\n\n      isAcknowledged = true;\n      clearTimeout(timeoutId);\n\n      try {\n        let body: string | undefined;\n        if (typeof responseBody === \"undefined\") {\n          body = undefined;\n        } else if (typeof responseBody === \"string\") {\n          body = responseBody;\n        } else {\n          body = JSON.stringify(responseBody);\n        }\n        const response = new Response(body, {\n          status: 200,\n          headers: {\n            \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\",\n          },\n        });\n\n        responseResolver(response);\n      } catch (error) {\n        this.logger.error(ERROR_MESSAGES.ACKNOWLEDGMENT_ERROR, error);\n        responseRejecter(\n          error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(String(error)),\n        );\n      }\n    };\n\n    const event = this.createSlackReceiverEvent({\n      body,\n      headers: req.headers,\n      ack: ackFn,\n      request: req,\n    });\n\n    // Process event in background using waitUntil from Vercel Functions\n    // https://vercel.com/docs/functions/functions-api-reference/vercel-functions-package#waituntil\n    waitUntil(\n      this.app.processEvent(event).catch((error) => {\n        return this.handleError(error);\n      }),\n    );\n\n    try {\n      return await responsePromise;\n    } catch (error) {\n      return this.handleError(error);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private verifyRequest(req: Request, body: string): void {\n    const timestamp = req.headers.get(SLACK_TIMESTAMP_HEADER);\n    const signature = req.headers.get(SLACK_SIGNATURE_HEADER);\n\n    if (!signature) {\n      throw new ReceiverAuthenticityError(\n        ERROR_MESSAGES.MISSING_REQUIRED_HEADER(SLACK_SIGNATURE_HEADER),\n      );\n    }\n\n    if (!timestamp) {\n      throw new ReceiverAuthenticityError(\n        ERROR_MESSAGES.MISSING_REQUIRED_HEADER(SLACK_TIMESTAMP_HEADER),\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      verifySlackRequest({\n        signingSecret: this.signingSecret,\n        body,\n        headers: {\n          \"x-slack-signature\": signature,\n          \"x-slack-request-timestamp\": Number.parseInt(timestamp, 10),\n        },\n        logger: this.logger,\n      });\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new ReceiverAuthenticityError(\n        error instanceof Error\n          ? error.message\n          : \"Failed to verify request signature\",\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  private createSlackReceiverEvent({\n    body,\n    headers,\n    ack,\n    request,\n  }: {\n    body: StringIndexed;\n    headers: Headers;\n    ack: AckFn<StringIndexed>;\n    request: Request;\n  }): ReceiverEvent {\n    const customProperties = this.customPropertiesExtractor\n      ? this.customPropertiesExtractor(request)\n      : {};\n\n    const retryNum = headers.get(SLACK_RETRY_NUM_HEADER) || \"0\";\n\n    const retryReason = headers.get(SLACK_RETRY_REASON_HEADER) || \"\";\n\n    return {\n      body,\n      ack,\n      retryNum: Number(retryNum),\n      retryReason,\n      customProperties,\n    };\n  }\n\n  public handleError(error: unknown): Response {\n    const errorMessage = getErrorMessage(error);\n    const errorType = getErrorType(error);\n    const errorStatusCode = getStatusCode(error);\n\n    this.logger.error(error);\n    return new Response(\n      JSON.stringify({\n        error: errorMessage,\n        type: errorType,\n      }),\n      {\n        status: errorStatusCode,\n        headers: { \"content-type\": \"application/json\" },\n      },\n    );\n  }\n\n  private createScopedLogger(logger: Logger, logLevel: LogLevel): Logger {\n    logger.setLevel(logLevel);\n\n    return {\n      ...logger,\n      error: (...args) => logger.error?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      warn: (...args) => logger.warn?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      info: (...args) => logger.info?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      debug: (...args) => logger.debug?.(LOG_PREFIX, ...args),\n      setLevel: logger.setLevel,\n      getLevel: logger.getLevel,\n    };\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Creates a Vercel-compatible handler function for a Slack Bolt app.\n * This is the recommended way to create handlers for deployment on Vercel.\n *\n * @param {App} app - The initialized Slack Bolt app instance.\n * @param {VercelReceiver} receiver - The VercelReceiver instance.\n * @returns {VercelHandler} A handler function compatible with Vercel's function signature.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * // api/events.ts\n * import { createHandler } from '@vercel/slack-bolt';\n * import { app, receiver } from '../app';\n *\n * const handler = createHandler(app, receiver);\n *\n * export const POST = async (req: Request) => {\n *   return handler(req);\n * };\n * ```\n *\n * @throws {Error} If app initialization fails.\n * @throws {VercelReceiverError} If request processing fails.\n */\nexport function createHandler(\n  app: App,\n  receiver: VercelReceiver,\n): VercelHandler {\n  let initPromise: Promise<void> | null = null;\n\n  return async (req: Request) => {\n    try {\n      if (!initPromise) {\n        initPromise = app.init().catch((error) => {\n          // Reset initPromise so subsequent requests can retry initialization\n          initPromise = null;\n          throw error;\n        });\n      }\n      await initPromise;\n\n      receiver.init(app);\n      const handler = await receiver.start();\n      return handler(req);\n    } catch (error) {\n      // if app.init fails, we use console.error instead of logger.error because the logger is not available\n      console.error(ERROR_MESSAGES.CREATE_HANDLER_ERROR, error);\n      return new Response(\n        JSON.stringify({\n          error: ERROR_MESSAGES.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_HANDLER,\n          type: ERROR_MESSAGES.TYPES.HANDLER_ERROR,\n        }),\n        { status: 500, headers: { \"content-type\": \"application/json\" } },\n      );\n    }\n  };\n}\n"]}