@vector-display/core 0.1.0

package/LICENSE

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+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 Rick Segrest
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

package/README.md

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+# @vector-display/core
+
+Renderer-independent core of **vector-display**, a set of libraries for drawing graphics that look like vector arcade monitors (*Asteroids*, *Tempest*, *Battlezone*).
+
+This package holds shapes and the per-frame **display list**: the transformed line segments a renderer draws. It has no rendering code, so it also runs in Node and tests. Pair it with [`@vector-display/webgl`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@vector-display/webgl) to draw.
+
+> **Status:** early (0.x). The API may change between minor versions.
+
+## Install
+
+```sh
+npm install @vector-display/core
+```
+
+ES modules only, with TypeScript declarations.
+
+## Usage
+
+```ts
+import { DisplayList, Shape } from "@vector-display/core";
+
+// Build shapes once. Points only need x and y, so es-vector-math Vector/Point objects work too.
+const ship = Shape.fromPolyline({
+  points: [{ x: 0, y: -10 }, { x: -7.5, y: 10 }, { x: -5, y: 5 }, { x: 5, y: 5 }, { x: 7.5, y: 10 }],
+  isClosed: true,
+});
+const bullet = Shape.createDot();
+
+// Rebuild the display list every frame; it reuses its memory.
+const displayList = new DisplayList();
+displayList.clear();
+displayList.setColor({ red: 0.85, green: 0.95, blue: 1 });
+displayList.addShape(ship, { x: 512, y: 384, rotation: 0, scale: 2, intensity: 1 });
+displayList.addShape(bullet, { x: 540, y: 360, rotation: 0, scale: 1, intensity: 1.4 });
+```
+
+## API
+
+| Export | Purpose |
+| --- | --- |
+| `Shape.fromPolyline(polyline)` / `Shape.fromPolylines(polylines)` | Line geometry from points; closed polylines connect back to their first point |
+| `Shape.fromSegmentCoordinates([x0, y0, x1, y1, ...])` | Geometry from raw segments; touching segments are connected |
+| `Shape.createDot()` | A zero-length segment, drawn as a round dot |
+| `DisplayList` | `clear()`, `setColor(color)`, `addShape(shape, placement)`, `getSegmentData()`, `segmentCount` |
+| `ShapeGeometry` | Interface for any shape-like geometry, including geometry rebuilt every frame |
+| `SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT` | Placement for geometry already in world coordinates |
+
+**Coordinates:** world units with a top-left origin and y pointing down (like Canvas 2D and p5). Positive rotation turns clockwise on screen.
+
+## Related packages
+
+- [`@vector-display/webgl`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@vector-display/webgl): WebGL2 renderer
+- [`@vector-display/beam-fx`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@vector-display/beam-fx): phosphor trails, bloom and flicker
+- [`@vector-display/font`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@vector-display/font): Atari-style stroke font
+- [`@vector-display/3d`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@vector-display/3d): 3D wireframes
+
+## License
+
+MIT © Rick Segrest

package/dist/DisplayList.d.ts

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+import type { BeamColor, ShapeGeometry, ShapePlacement } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+export declare const FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT = 14;
+export declare class DisplayList {
+    private segmentData;
+    private usedSegmentCount;
+    private currentColor;
+    get segmentCount(): number;
+    getSegmentData(): Float32Array;
+    clear(): void;
+    setColor(color: BeamColor): void;
+    addShape(shape: ShapeGeometry, placement: ShapePlacement): void;
+    private ensureCapacity;
+    private writeTransformedSegments;
+}
+export default DisplayList;
+//# sourceMappingURL=DisplayList.d.ts.map

package/dist/DisplayList.d.ts.map

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package/dist/DisplayList.js

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+import { NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT } from "./Shape.js";
+// Packed per segment (world units):
+//  0-3  x0, y0, x1, y1
+//  4-5  start point of the connected previous segment
+//  6-7  end point of the connected next segment
+//  8-11 red, green, blue, intensity
+// 12-13 hasPreviousNeighbor, hasNextNeighbor (1 or 0)
+export const FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT = 14;
+const INITIAL_SEGMENT_CAPACITY = 1024;
+const WHITE = { red: 1, green: 1, blue: 1 };
+// The beam's drawing program for one frame, in draw order. Reused across frames to avoid allocation.
+export class DisplayList {
+    segmentData = new Float32Array(INITIAL_SEGMENT_CAPACITY * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT);
+    usedSegmentCount = 0;
+    currentColor = WHITE;
+    get segmentCount() {
+        return this.usedSegmentCount;
+    }
+    getSegmentData() {
+        return this.segmentData.subarray(0, this.usedSegmentCount * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT);
+    }
+    clear() {
+        this.usedSegmentCount = 0;
+    }
+    setColor(color) {
+        this.currentColor = color;
+    }
+    addShape(shape, placement) {
+        this.ensureCapacity(this.usedSegmentCount + shape.segmentCount);
+        this.writeTransformedSegments(shape, placement);
+        this.usedSegmentCount += shape.segmentCount;
+    }
+    ensureCapacity(requiredSegmentCount) {
+        const currentCapacity = this.segmentData.length / FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT;
+        if (requiredSegmentCount <= currentCapacity)
+            return;
+        let newCapacity = currentCapacity;
+        while (newCapacity < requiredSegmentCount)
+            newCapacity *= 2;
+        const grownData = new Float32Array(newCapacity * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT);
+        grownData.set(this.getSegmentData());
+        this.segmentData = grownData;
+    }
+    // World coordinates use a y-down origin at the top left, so positive rotation turns clockwise on screen.
+    writeTransformedSegments(shape, placement) {
+        const { x, y, rotation, scale, intensity } = placement;
+        const { red, green, blue } = this.currentColor;
+        const scaledCosine = Math.cos(rotation) * scale;
+        const scaledSine = Math.sin(rotation) * scale;
+        const source = shape.segmentCoordinates;
+        const neighbors = shape.segmentNeighbors;
+        const target = this.segmentData;
+        let targetIndex = this.usedSegmentCount * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT;
+        for (let segmentIndex = 0; segmentIndex < shape.segmentCount; segmentIndex++) {
+            const sourceIndex = segmentIndex * 4;
+            const previousSegment = neighbors[segmentIndex * 2];
+            const nextSegment = neighbors[segmentIndex * 2 + 1];
+            // Fall back to this segment's own points so unused neighbor slots hold finite values.
+            const previousStartIndex = previousSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? sourceIndex : previousSegment * 4;
+            const nextEndIndex = nextSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? sourceIndex + 2 : nextSegment * 4 + 2;
+            const startX = source[sourceIndex];
+            const startY = source[sourceIndex + 1];
+            const endX = source[sourceIndex + 2];
+            const endY = source[sourceIndex + 3];
+            const previousStartX = source[previousStartIndex];
+            const previousStartY = source[previousStartIndex + 1];
+            const nextEndX = source[nextEndIndex];
+            const nextEndY = source[nextEndIndex + 1];
+            target[targetIndex] = x + startX * scaledCosine - startY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 1] = y + startX * scaledSine + startY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 2] = x + endX * scaledCosine - endY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 3] = y + endX * scaledSine + endY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 4] = x + previousStartX * scaledCosine - previousStartY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 5] = y + previousStartX * scaledSine + previousStartY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 6] = x + nextEndX * scaledCosine - nextEndY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 7] = y + nextEndX * scaledSine + nextEndY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 8] = red;
+            target[targetIndex + 9] = green;
+            target[targetIndex + 10] = blue;
+            target[targetIndex + 11] = intensity;
+            target[targetIndex + 12] = previousSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? 0 : 1;
+            target[targetIndex + 13] = nextSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? 0 : 1;
+            targetIndex += FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT;
+        }
+    }
+}
+export default DisplayList;
+//# sourceMappingURL=DisplayList.js.map

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package/dist/Shape.d.ts

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+import type { Polyline, ShapeGeometry } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+export declare const FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT = 4;
+export declare const NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT = -1;
+export declare class Shape implements ShapeGeometry {
+    readonly segmentCoordinates: Float32Array;
+    readonly segmentNeighbors: Int32Array;
+    private constructor();
+    get segmentCount(): number;
+    static fromPolyline(polyline: Polyline): Shape;
+    static fromPolylines(polylines: readonly Polyline[]): Shape;
+    static fromSegmentCoordinates(segmentCoordinates: ArrayLike<number>): Shape;
+    static createDot(): Shape;
+}
+export default Shape;
+//# sourceMappingURL=Shape.d.ts.map

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package/dist/Shape.js

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+export const FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT = 4;
+export const NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT = -1;
+export class Shape {
+    segmentCoordinates;
+    // Two entries per segment: the index of the connected previous and next segment, or NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT.
+    segmentNeighbors;
+    constructor(buffers) {
+        this.segmentCoordinates = Float32Array.from(buffers.coordinates);
+        this.segmentNeighbors = Int32Array.from(buffers.neighborIndices);
+    }
+    get segmentCount() {
+        return this.segmentCoordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+    }
+    static fromPolyline(polyline) {
+        return Shape.fromPolylines([polyline]);
+    }
+    static fromPolylines(polylines) {
+        const buffers = { coordinates: [], neighborIndices: [] };
+        for (const polyline of polylines) {
+            appendPolylineSegments(buffers, polyline);
+        }
+        return new Shape(buffers);
+    }
+    // Consecutive segments whose end and start coincide are treated as connected, including last-to-first.
+    static fromSegmentCoordinates(segmentCoordinates) {
+        if (segmentCoordinates.length % FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT !== 0) {
+            throw new Error(`Segment coordinates must come in groups of ${FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT} (x0, y0, x1, y1), but received ${segmentCoordinates.length} values`);
+        }
+        const coordinates = Array.from(segmentCoordinates);
+        return new Shape({ coordinates, neighborIndices: findTouchingNeighbors(coordinates) });
+    }
+    // A zero-length segment renders as a round dot, like a bullet on a vector monitor.
+    static createDot() {
+        return new Shape({ coordinates: [0, 0, 0, 0], neighborIndices: [NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT] });
+    }
+}
+function appendPolylineSegments(buffers, polyline) {
+    const { points, isClosed } = polyline;
+    if (points.length === 0)
+        return;
+    if (points.length === 1) {
+        buffers.coordinates.push(points[0].x, points[0].y, points[0].x, points[0].y);
+        buffers.neighborIndices.push(NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT);
+        return;
+    }
+    const firstSegmentIndex = buffers.coordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+    for (let pointIndex = 0; pointIndex < points.length - 1; pointIndex++) {
+        const start = points[pointIndex];
+        const end = points[pointIndex + 1];
+        buffers.coordinates.push(start.x, start.y, end.x, end.y);
+    }
+    const wrapsAround = isClosed && points.length > 2;
+    if (wrapsAround) {
+        const last = points[points.length - 1];
+        buffers.coordinates.push(last.x, last.y, points[0].x, points[0].y);
+    }
+    const segmentCount = buffers.coordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT - firstSegmentIndex;
+    appendChainNeighbors(buffers.neighborIndices, { firstSegmentIndex, segmentCount, wrapsAround });
+}
+function appendChainNeighbors(neighborIndices, chain) {
+    const { firstSegmentIndex, segmentCount, wrapsAround } = chain;
+    const lastSegmentIndex = firstSegmentIndex + segmentCount - 1;
+    for (let segmentIndex = firstSegmentIndex; segmentIndex <= lastSegmentIndex; segmentIndex++) {
+        const isFirst = segmentIndex === firstSegmentIndex;
+        const isLast = segmentIndex === lastSegmentIndex;
+        const previousIndex = isFirst ? (wrapsAround ? lastSegmentIndex : NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT) : segmentIndex - 1;
+        const nextIndex = isLast ? (wrapsAround ? firstSegmentIndex : NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT) : segmentIndex + 1;
+        neighborIndices.push(previousIndex, nextIndex);
+    }
+}
+function findTouchingNeighbors(coordinates) {
+    const segmentCount = coordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+    const neighborIndices = new Array(segmentCount * 2).fill(NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT);
+    for (let segmentIndex = 0; segmentIndex < segmentCount; segmentIndex++) {
+        const nextIndex = (segmentIndex + 1) % segmentCount;
+        if (nextIndex === segmentIndex)
+            continue;
+        if (nextIndex === 0 && segmentCount <= 2)
+            continue;
+        const endOffset = segmentIndex * FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT + 2;
+        const nextStartOffset = nextIndex * FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+        const touches = coordinates[endOffset] === coordinates[nextStartOffset] &&
+            coordinates[endOffset + 1] === coordinates[nextStartOffset + 1];
+        if (!touches)
+            continue;
+        neighborIndices[segmentIndex * 2 + 1] = nextIndex;
+        neighborIndices[nextIndex * 2] = segmentIndex;
+    }
+    return neighborIndices;
+}
+export default Shape;
+//# sourceMappingURL=Shape.js.map

package/dist/Shape.js.map

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package/dist/geometryTypes.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+export interface PointLike {
+    readonly x: number;
+    readonly y: number;
+}
+export interface Polyline {
+    readonly points: readonly PointLike[];
+    readonly isClosed: boolean;
+}
+export interface BeamColor {
+    readonly red: number;
+    readonly green: number;
+    readonly blue: number;
+}
+export interface ShapePlacement {
+    readonly x: number;
+    readonly y: number;
+    readonly rotation: number;
+    readonly scale: number;
+    readonly intensity: number;
+}
+export interface ShapeGeometry {
+    readonly segmentCoordinates: Float32Array;
+    readonly segmentNeighbors: Int32Array;
+    readonly segmentCount: number;
+}
+export declare const SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT: ShapePlacement;
+//# sourceMappingURL=geometryTypes.d.ts.map

package/dist/geometryTypes.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/geometryTypes.js

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// For geometry that is already in world coordinates.
+export const SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT = { x: 0, y: 0, rotation: 0, scale: 1, intensity: 1 };
+//# sourceMappingURL=geometryTypes.js.map

package/dist/geometryTypes.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export { Shape, FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT } from "./Shape.js";
+export { DisplayList, FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT } from "./DisplayList.js";
+export { SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+export type { BeamColor, PointLike, Polyline, ShapeGeometry, ShapePlacement } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/index.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export { Shape, FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT } from "./Shape.js";
+export { DisplayList, FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT } from "./DisplayList.js";
+export { SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+  "name": "@vector-display/core",
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "description": "Renderer-independent display lists of beam strokes for vector-arcade-style graphics.",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "author": {
+    "name": "Rick Segrest",
+    "email": "rsegrest77@gmail.com",
+    "url": "https://www.ricksegrest.com"
+  },
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/rsegrest/vector-display.git",
+    "directory": "packages/core"
+  },
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/rsegrest/vector-display/tree/main/packages/core#readme",
+  "bugs": {
+    "url": "https://github.com/rsegrest/vector-display/issues"
+  },
+  "type": "module",
+  "sideEffects": false,
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "@vector-display/source": "./src/index.ts",
+      "types": "./dist/index.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/index.js"
+    }
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "prepublishOnly": "tsc -b"
+  },
+  "files": [
+    "dist",
+    "src",
+    "!src/**/*.test.ts"
+  ],
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {}
+}

package/src/DisplayList.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import type { BeamColor, ShapeGeometry, ShapePlacement } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+import { NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT } from "./Shape.js";
+
+// Packed per segment (world units):
+//  0-3  x0, y0, x1, y1
+//  4-5  start point of the connected previous segment
+//  6-7  end point of the connected next segment
+//  8-11 red, green, blue, intensity
+// 12-13 hasPreviousNeighbor, hasNextNeighbor (1 or 0)
+export const FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT = 14;
+
+const INITIAL_SEGMENT_CAPACITY = 1024;
+const WHITE: BeamColor = { red: 1, green: 1, blue: 1 };
+
+// The beam's drawing program for one frame, in draw order. Reused across frames to avoid allocation.
+export class DisplayList {
+    private segmentData = new Float32Array(INITIAL_SEGMENT_CAPACITY * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT);
+    private usedSegmentCount = 0;
+    private currentColor: BeamColor = WHITE;
+
+    public get segmentCount(): number {
+        return this.usedSegmentCount;
+    }
+
+    public getSegmentData(): Float32Array {
+        return this.segmentData.subarray(0, this.usedSegmentCount * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT);
+    }
+
+    public clear(): void {
+        this.usedSegmentCount = 0;
+    }
+
+    public setColor(color: BeamColor): void {
+        this.currentColor = color;
+    }
+
+    public addShape(shape: ShapeGeometry, placement: ShapePlacement): void {
+        this.ensureCapacity(this.usedSegmentCount + shape.segmentCount);
+        this.writeTransformedSegments(shape, placement);
+        this.usedSegmentCount += shape.segmentCount;
+    }
+
+    private ensureCapacity(requiredSegmentCount: number): void {
+        const currentCapacity = this.segmentData.length / FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT;
+        if (requiredSegmentCount <= currentCapacity) return;
+        let newCapacity = currentCapacity;
+        while (newCapacity < requiredSegmentCount) newCapacity *= 2;
+        const grownData = new Float32Array(newCapacity * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT);
+        grownData.set(this.getSegmentData());
+        this.segmentData = grownData;
+    }
+
+    // World coordinates use a y-down origin at the top left, so positive rotation turns clockwise on screen.
+    private writeTransformedSegments(shape: ShapeGeometry, placement: ShapePlacement): void {
+        const { x, y, rotation, scale, intensity } = placement;
+        const { red, green, blue } = this.currentColor;
+        const scaledCosine = Math.cos(rotation) * scale;
+        const scaledSine = Math.sin(rotation) * scale;
+        const source = shape.segmentCoordinates;
+        const neighbors = shape.segmentNeighbors;
+        const target = this.segmentData;
+        let targetIndex = this.usedSegmentCount * FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT;
+        for (let segmentIndex = 0; segmentIndex < shape.segmentCount; segmentIndex++) {
+            const sourceIndex = segmentIndex * 4;
+            const previousSegment = neighbors[segmentIndex * 2];
+            const nextSegment = neighbors[segmentIndex * 2 + 1];
+            // Fall back to this segment's own points so unused neighbor slots hold finite values.
+            const previousStartIndex = previousSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? sourceIndex : previousSegment * 4;
+            const nextEndIndex = nextSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? sourceIndex + 2 : nextSegment * 4 + 2;
+            const startX = source[sourceIndex];
+            const startY = source[sourceIndex + 1];
+            const endX = source[sourceIndex + 2];
+            const endY = source[sourceIndex + 3];
+            const previousStartX = source[previousStartIndex];
+            const previousStartY = source[previousStartIndex + 1];
+            const nextEndX = source[nextEndIndex];
+            const nextEndY = source[nextEndIndex + 1];
+            target[targetIndex] = x + startX * scaledCosine - startY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 1] = y + startX * scaledSine + startY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 2] = x + endX * scaledCosine - endY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 3] = y + endX * scaledSine + endY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 4] = x + previousStartX * scaledCosine - previousStartY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 5] = y + previousStartX * scaledSine + previousStartY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 6] = x + nextEndX * scaledCosine - nextEndY * scaledSine;
+            target[targetIndex + 7] = y + nextEndX * scaledSine + nextEndY * scaledCosine;
+            target[targetIndex + 8] = red;
+            target[targetIndex + 9] = green;
+            target[targetIndex + 10] = blue;
+            target[targetIndex + 11] = intensity;
+            target[targetIndex + 12] = previousSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? 0 : 1;
+            target[targetIndex + 13] = nextSegment === NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT ? 0 : 1;
+            targetIndex += FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+export default DisplayList;

package/src/Shape.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+import type { Polyline, ShapeGeometry } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+
+export const FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT = 4;
+export const NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT = -1;
+
+interface ShapeBuffers {
+    readonly coordinates: number[];
+    readonly neighborIndices: number[];
+}
+
+export class Shape implements ShapeGeometry {
+    public readonly segmentCoordinates: Float32Array;
+    // Two entries per segment: the index of the connected previous and next segment, or NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT.
+    public readonly segmentNeighbors: Int32Array;
+
+    private constructor(buffers: ShapeBuffers) {
+        this.segmentCoordinates = Float32Array.from(buffers.coordinates);
+        this.segmentNeighbors = Int32Array.from(buffers.neighborIndices);
+    }
+
+    public get segmentCount(): number {
+        return this.segmentCoordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+    }
+
+    public static fromPolyline(polyline: Polyline): Shape {
+        return Shape.fromPolylines([polyline]);
+    }
+
+    public static fromPolylines(polylines: readonly Polyline[]): Shape {
+        const buffers: ShapeBuffers = { coordinates: [], neighborIndices: [] };
+        for (const polyline of polylines) {
+            appendPolylineSegments(buffers, polyline);
+        }
+        return new Shape(buffers);
+    }
+
+    // Consecutive segments whose end and start coincide are treated as connected, including last-to-first.
+    public static fromSegmentCoordinates(segmentCoordinates: ArrayLike<number>): Shape {
+        if (segmentCoordinates.length % FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT !== 0) {
+            throw new Error(
+                `Segment coordinates must come in groups of ${FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT} (x0, y0, x1, y1), but received ${segmentCoordinates.length} values`,
+            );
+        }
+        const coordinates = Array.from(segmentCoordinates);
+        return new Shape({ coordinates, neighborIndices: findTouchingNeighbors(coordinates) });
+    }
+
+    // A zero-length segment renders as a round dot, like a bullet on a vector monitor.
+    public static createDot(): Shape {
+        return new Shape({ coordinates: [0, 0, 0, 0], neighborIndices: [NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT] });
+    }
+}
+
+function appendPolylineSegments(buffers: ShapeBuffers, polyline: Polyline): void {
+    const { points, isClosed } = polyline;
+    if (points.length === 0) return;
+    if (points.length === 1) {
+        buffers.coordinates.push(points[0].x, points[0].y, points[0].x, points[0].y);
+        buffers.neighborIndices.push(NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT);
+        return;
+    }
+    const firstSegmentIndex = buffers.coordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+    for (let pointIndex = 0; pointIndex < points.length - 1; pointIndex++) {
+        const start = points[pointIndex];
+        const end = points[pointIndex + 1];
+        buffers.coordinates.push(start.x, start.y, end.x, end.y);
+    }
+    const wrapsAround = isClosed && points.length > 2;
+    if (wrapsAround) {
+        const last = points[points.length - 1];
+        buffers.coordinates.push(last.x, last.y, points[0].x, points[0].y);
+    }
+    const segmentCount = buffers.coordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT - firstSegmentIndex;
+    appendChainNeighbors(buffers.neighborIndices, { firstSegmentIndex, segmentCount, wrapsAround });
+}
+
+function appendChainNeighbors(
+    neighborIndices: number[],
+    chain: { firstSegmentIndex: number; segmentCount: number; wrapsAround: boolean },
+): void {
+    const { firstSegmentIndex, segmentCount, wrapsAround } = chain;
+    const lastSegmentIndex = firstSegmentIndex + segmentCount - 1;
+    for (let segmentIndex = firstSegmentIndex; segmentIndex <= lastSegmentIndex; segmentIndex++) {
+        const isFirst = segmentIndex === firstSegmentIndex;
+        const isLast = segmentIndex === lastSegmentIndex;
+        const previousIndex = isFirst ? (wrapsAround ? lastSegmentIndex : NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT) : segmentIndex - 1;
+        const nextIndex = isLast ? (wrapsAround ? firstSegmentIndex : NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT) : segmentIndex + 1;
+        neighborIndices.push(previousIndex, nextIndex);
+    }
+}
+
+function findTouchingNeighbors(coordinates: readonly number[]): number[] {
+    const segmentCount = coordinates.length / FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+    const neighborIndices = new Array<number>(segmentCount * 2).fill(NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT);
+    for (let segmentIndex = 0; segmentIndex < segmentCount; segmentIndex++) {
+        const nextIndex = (segmentIndex + 1) % segmentCount;
+        if (nextIndex === segmentIndex) continue;
+        if (nextIndex === 0 && segmentCount <= 2) continue;
+        const endOffset = segmentIndex * FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT + 2;
+        const nextStartOffset = nextIndex * FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT;
+        const touches =
+            coordinates[endOffset] === coordinates[nextStartOffset] &&
+            coordinates[endOffset + 1] === coordinates[nextStartOffset + 1];
+        if (!touches) continue;
+        neighborIndices[segmentIndex * 2 + 1] = nextIndex;
+        neighborIndices[nextIndex * 2] = segmentIndex;
+    }
+    return neighborIndices;
+}
+
+export default Shape;

package/src/geometryTypes.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Structural types so es-vector-math Vector/Point instances (or any {x, y}) can be passed directly.
+export interface PointLike {
+    readonly x: number;
+    readonly y: number;
+}
+
+export interface Polyline {
+    readonly points: readonly PointLike[];
+    readonly isClosed: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface BeamColor {
+    readonly red: number;
+    readonly green: number;
+    readonly blue: number;
+}
+
+export interface ShapePlacement {
+    readonly x: number;
+    readonly y: number;
+    readonly rotation: number;
+    readonly scale: number;
+    readonly intensity: number;
+}
+
+// Anything shaped like a Shape can be drawn, including geometry rebuilt each frame (e.g. projected 3D wireframes).
+export interface ShapeGeometry {
+    readonly segmentCoordinates: Float32Array;
+    readonly segmentNeighbors: Int32Array;
+    readonly segmentCount: number;
+}
+
+// For geometry that is already in world coordinates.
+export const SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT: ShapePlacement = { x: 0, y: 0, rotation: 0, scale: 1, intensity: 1 };

package/src/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export { Shape, FLOATS_PER_SHAPE_SEGMENT, NO_NEIGHBOR_SEGMENT } from "./Shape.js";
+export { DisplayList, FLOATS_PER_BEAM_SEGMENT } from "./DisplayList.js";
+export { SCREEN_SPACE_PLACEMENT } from "./geometryTypes.js";
+export type { BeamColor, PointLike, Polyline, ShapeGeometry, ShapePlacement } from "./geometryTypes.js";