@ugo-studio/jspp 0.1.1 → 0.1.3

package/src/prelude/values/prototypes/string.hpp

@@ -1,357 +1,366 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "types.hpp"
-#include "any_value.hpp"
-#include "operators.hpp"
-#include <optional>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cctype>
-
-namespace jspp
-{
-    namespace StringPrototypes
-    {
-        // This function retrieves a prototype method for a given string instance.
-        // It captures the string instance to act as the 'this' context for the method.
-        inline std::optional<AnyValue> get(const std::string &key, const std::unique_ptr<std::string> &self)
-        {
-            // --- toString() & valueOf() ---
-            if (key == "toString" || key == "valueOf")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               { return AnyValue::make_string(*self); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- length property ---
-            if (key == "length")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_accessor_descriptor([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue>) -> AnyValue
-                                                          { return AnyValue::make_number(self->length()); },
-                                                          [&self](const std::vector<AnyValue>) -> AnyValue
-                                                          { return AnyValue::make_undefined(); },
-                                                          false,
-                                                          false);
-            }
-
-            // --- charAt(pos) ---
-            if (key == "charAt")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    double pos = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]);
-                    int index = static_cast<int>(pos);
-                    if (index < 0 || index >= self->length()) {
-                        return AnyValue::make_string("");
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(std::string(1, (*self)[index])); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- concat(str1, str2, ...) ---
-            if (key == "concat")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    for (const auto& arg : args)
-                    {
-                        result += arg.to_std_string();
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- endsWith(searchString, endPosition) ---
-            if (key == "endsWith")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if(args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    size_t end_pos = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined()) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : self->length();
-                    
-                    if (end_pos > self->length()) end_pos = self->length();
-                    if (search.length() > end_pos) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
-
-                    return AnyValue::make_boolean(self->substr(end_pos - search.length(), search.length()) == search); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- includes(searchString, position) ---
-            if (key == "includes")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if(args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : 0;
-                    
-                    return AnyValue::make_boolean(self->find(search, pos) != std::string::npos); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- indexOf(searchString, position) ---
-            if (key == "indexOf")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if (args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_number(-1);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : 0;
-                    size_t result = self->find(search, pos);
-                    return result == std::string::npos ? AnyValue::make_number(-1) : AnyValue::make_number(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- lastIndexOf(searchString, position) ---
-            if (key == "lastIndexOf")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if (args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_number(-1);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined()) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : std::string::npos;
-                    size_t result = self->rfind(search, pos);
-                    return result == std::string::npos ? AnyValue::make_number(-1) : AnyValue::make_number(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- padEnd(targetLength, padString) ---
-            if (key == "padEnd")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    size_t target_length = args.empty() ? 0 : static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]));
-                    if (self->length() >= target_length) return AnyValue::make_string(*self);
-                    std::string pad_string = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined() && !args[1].to_std_string().empty()) ? args[1].to_std_string() : " ";
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    while (result.length() < target_length)
-                    {
-                        result += pad_string;
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result.substr(0, target_length)); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- padStart(targetLength, padString) ---
-            if (key == "padStart")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    size_t target_length = args.empty() ? 0 : static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]));
-                    if (self->length() >= target_length) return AnyValue::make_string(*self);
-                    std::string pad_string = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined() && !args[1].to_std_string().empty()) ? args[1].to_std_string() : " ";
-                    std::string padding;
-                    while (padding.length() < target_length - self->length())
-                    {
-                        padding += pad_string;
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(padding.substr(0, target_length - self->length()) + *self); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- repeat(count) ---
-            if (key == "repeat")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    double count = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]);
-                    if (count < 0) {
-                        // In a real implementation, this should throw a RangeError.
-                        return AnyValue::make_string("");
-                    }
-                    std::string result = "";
-                    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
-                    {
-                        result += *self;
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- replace(substr, newSubstr) ---
-            if (key == "replace")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if (args.size() < 2) return AnyValue::make_string(*self);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    std::string replacement = args[1].to_std_string();
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    size_t pos = result.find(search);
-                    if (pos != std::string::npos)
-                    {
-                        result.replace(pos, search.length(), replacement);
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- replaceAll(substr, newSubstr) ---
-            if (key == "replaceAll")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if (args.size() < 2) return AnyValue::make_string(*self);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    if (search.empty()) return AnyValue::make_string(*self);
-                    std::string replacement = args[1].to_std_string();
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    size_t pos = result.find(search);
-                    while (pos != std::string::npos)
-                    {
-                        result.replace(pos, search.length(), replacement);
-                        pos = result.find(search, pos + replacement.length());
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- slice(beginIndex, endIndex) ---
-            if (key == "slice")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    int len = self->length();
-                    int start = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[0]);
-                    int end = (args.size() < 2 || args[1].is_undefined()) ? len : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[1]);
-
-                    if (start < 0) start += len;
-                    if (end < 0) end += len;
-
-                    start = std::max(0, std::min(len, start));
-                    end = std::max(0, std::min(len, end));
-
-                    if (start >= end) return AnyValue::make_string("");
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(self->substr(start, end - start)); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- split(separator) ---
-            if (key == "split")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    std::string separator = (args.empty() || args[0].is_undefined()) ? "" : args[0].to_std_string();
-                    std::vector<std::optional<AnyValue>> result_vec;
-                    
-                    if (separator.empty()) {
-                        for (char c : (*self)) {
-                            result_vec.push_back(AnyValue::make_string(std::string(1, c)));
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        std::string temp = (*self);
-                        size_t pos = 0;
-                        while ((pos = temp.find(separator)) != std::string::npos) {
-                            result_vec.push_back(AnyValue::make_string(temp.substr(0, pos)));
-                            temp.erase(0, pos + separator.length());
-                        }
-                        result_vec.push_back(AnyValue::make_string(temp));
-                    }
-                    return AnyValue::make_array(result_vec); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- startsWith(searchString, position) ---
-            if (key == "startsWith")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    if(args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
-                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
-                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : 0;
-                    if (pos > self->length()) pos = self->length();
-
-                    return AnyValue::make_boolean(self->rfind(search, pos) == pos); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- substring(indexStart, indexEnd) ---
-            if (key == "substring")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    int len = self->length();
-                    int start = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[0]);
-                    int end = (args.size() < 2 || args[1].is_undefined()) ? len : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[1]);
-
-                    start = std::max(0, start);
-                    end = std::max(0, end);
-                    
-                    if (start > end) std::swap(start, end);
-
-                    start = std::min(len, start);
-                    end = std::min(len, end);
-
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(self->substr(start, end - start)); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- toLowerCase() ---
-            if (key == "toLowerCase")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    std::transform(result.begin(), result.end(), result.begin(),
-                                   [](unsigned char c){ return std::tolower(c); });
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- toUpperCase() ---
-            if (key == "toUpperCase")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    std::transform(result.begin(), result.end(), result.begin(),
-                                   [](unsigned char c){ return std::toupper(c); });
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- trim() ---
-            if (key == "trim")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r\f\v";
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    result.erase(0, result.find_first_not_of(whitespace));
-                    result.erase(result.find_last_not_of(whitespace) + 1);
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- trimEnd() ---
-            if (key == "trimEnd")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r\f\v";
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    result.erase(result.find_last_not_of(whitespace) + 1);
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            // --- trimStart() ---
-            if (key == "trimStart")
-            {
-                return AnyValue::make_function([&self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
-                                               {
-                    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r\f\v";
-                    std::string result = *self;
-                    result.erase(0, result.find_first_not_of(whitespace));
-                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
-                                               key);
-            }
-
-            return std::nullopt;
-        }
-    }
-}
+#pragma once
+
+#include "types.hpp"
+#include "values/string.hpp" // Make sure this is included
+#include "any_value.hpp"
+#include "operators.hpp"
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cctype>
+
+namespace jspp
+{
+    namespace StringPrototypes
+    {
+        // This function retrieves a prototype method for a given string instance.
+        // It captures the string instance to act as the 'this' context for the method.
+        inline std::optional<AnyValue> get(const std::string &key, JsString *self)
+        {
+            // --- toString() & valueOf() ---
+            if (key == "toString" || key == WellKnownSymbols::toString->key || key == "valueOf")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               { return AnyValue::make_string(self->value); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- [Symbol.iterator]() method ---
+            if (key == WellKnownSymbols::iterator->key)
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_generator([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &_) -> AnyValue
+                                                { return AnyValue::from_iterator(self->get_iterator()); },
+                                                key);
+            }
+
+            // --- length property ---
+            if (key == "length")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_accessor_descriptor([self](const std::vector<AnyValue>) -> AnyValue
+                                                          { return AnyValue::make_number(self->value.length()); },
+                                                          [self](const std::vector<AnyValue>) -> AnyValue
+                                                          { return AnyValue::make_undefined(); },
+                                                          false,
+                                                          false);
+            }
+
+            // --- charAt(pos) ---
+            if (key == "charAt")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    double pos = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]);
+                    int index = static_cast<int>(pos);
+                    if (index < 0 || index >= self->value.length()) {
+                        return AnyValue::make_string("");
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(std::string(1, self->value[index])); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- concat(str1, str2, ...) ---
+            if (key == "concat")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    for (const auto& arg : args)
+                    {
+                        result += arg.to_std_string();
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- endsWith(searchString, endPosition) ---
+            if (key == "endsWith")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if(args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    size_t end_pos = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined()) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : self->value.length();
+                    
+                    if (end_pos > self->value.length()) end_pos = self->value.length();
+                    if (search.length() > end_pos) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
+
+                    return AnyValue::make_boolean(self->value.substr(end_pos - search.length(), search.length()) == search); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- includes(searchString, position) ---
+            if (key == "includes")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if(args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : 0;
+                    
+                    return AnyValue::make_boolean(self->value.find(search, pos) != std::string::npos); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- indexOf(searchString, position) ---
+            if (key == "indexOf")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if (args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_number(-1);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : 0;
+                    size_t result = self->value.find(search, pos);
+                    return result == std::string::npos ? AnyValue::make_number(-1) : AnyValue::make_number(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- lastIndexOf(searchString, position) ---
+            if (key == "lastIndexOf")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if (args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_number(-1);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined()) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : std::string::npos;
+                    size_t result = self->value.rfind(search, pos);
+                    return result == std::string::npos ? AnyValue::make_number(-1) : AnyValue::make_number(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- padEnd(targetLength, padString) ---
+            if (key == "padEnd")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    size_t target_length = args.empty() ? 0 : static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]));
+                    if (self->value.length() >= target_length) return AnyValue::make_string(self->value);
+                    std::string pad_string = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined() && !args[1].to_std_string().empty()) ? args[1].to_std_string() : " ";
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    while (result.length() < target_length)
+                    {
+                        result += pad_string;
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result.substr(0, target_length)); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- padStart(targetLength, padString) ---
+            if (key == "padStart")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    size_t target_length = args.empty() ? 0 : static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]));
+                    if (self->value.length() >= target_length) return AnyValue::make_string(self->value);
+                    std::string pad_string = (args.size() > 1 && !args[1].is_undefined() && !args[1].to_std_string().empty()) ? args[1].to_std_string() : " ";
+                    std::string padding;
+                    while (padding.length() < target_length - self->value.length())
+                    {
+                        padding += pad_string;
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(padding.substr(0, target_length - self->value.length()) + self->value); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- repeat(count) ---
+            if (key == "repeat")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    double count = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[0]);
+                    if (count < 0) {
+                        // In a real implementation, this should throw a RangeError.
+                        return AnyValue::make_string("");
+                    }
+                    std::string result = "";
+                    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+                    {
+                        result += self->value;
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- replace(substr, newSubstr) ---
+            if (key == "replace")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if (args.size() < 2) return AnyValue::make_string(self->value);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    std::string replacement = args[1].to_std_string();
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    size_t pos = result.find(search);
+                    if (pos != std::string::npos)
+                    {
+                        result.replace(pos, search.length(), replacement);
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- replaceAll(substr, newSubstr) ---
+            if (key == "replaceAll")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if (args.size() < 2) return AnyValue::make_string(self->value);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    if (search.empty()) return AnyValue::make_string(self->value);
+                    std::string replacement = args[1].to_std_string();
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    size_t pos = result.find(search);
+                    while (pos != std::string::npos)
+                    {
+                        result.replace(pos, search.length(), replacement);
+                        pos = result.find(search, pos + replacement.length());
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- slice(beginIndex, endIndex) ---
+            if (key == "slice")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    int len = self->value.length();
+                    int start = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[0]);
+                    int end = (args.size() < 2 || args[1].is_undefined()) ? len : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[1]);
+
+                    if (start < 0) start += len;
+                    if (end < 0) end += len;
+
+                    start = std::max(0, std::min(len, start));
+                    end = std::max(0, std::min(len, end));
+
+                    if (start >= end) return AnyValue::make_string("");
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(self->value.substr(start, end - start)); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- split(separator) ---
+            if (key == "split")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    std::string separator = (args.empty() || args[0].is_undefined()) ? "" : args[0].to_std_string();
+                    std::vector<std::optional<AnyValue>> result_vec;
+                    
+                    if (separator.empty()) {
+                        for (char c : (self->value)) {
+                            result_vec.push_back(AnyValue::make_string(std::string(1, c)));
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        std::string temp = (self->value);
+                        size_t pos = 0;
+                        while ((pos = temp.find(separator)) != std::string::npos) {
+                            result_vec.push_back(AnyValue::make_string(temp.substr(0, pos)));
+                            temp.erase(0, pos + separator.length());
+                        }
+                        result_vec.push_back(AnyValue::make_string(temp));
+                    }
+                    return AnyValue::make_array(result_vec); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- startsWith(searchString, position) ---
+            if (key == "startsWith")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    if(args.empty()) return AnyValue::make_boolean(false);
+                    std::string search = args[0].to_std_string();
+                    size_t pos = (args.size() > 1) ? static_cast<size_t>(Operators_Private::ToNumber(args[1])) : 0;
+                    if (pos > self->value.length()) pos = self->value.length();
+
+                    return AnyValue::make_boolean(self->value.rfind(search, pos) == pos); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- substring(indexStart, indexEnd) ---
+            if (key == "substring")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    int len = self->value.length();
+                    int start = args.empty() ? 0 : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[0]);
+                    int end = (args.size() < 2 || args[1].is_undefined()) ? len : Operators_Private::ToInt32(args[1]);
+
+                    start = std::max(0, start);
+                    end = std::max(0, end);
+                    
+                    if (start > end) std::swap(start, end);
+
+                    start = std::min(len, start);
+                    end = std::min(len, end);
+
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(self->value.substr(start, end - start)); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- toLowerCase() ---
+            if (key == "toLowerCase")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    std::transform(result.begin(), result.end(), result.begin(),
+                                   [](unsigned char c){ return std::tolower(c); });
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- toUpperCase() ---
+            if (key == "toUpperCase")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    std::transform(result.begin(), result.end(), result.begin(),
+                                   [](unsigned char c){ return std::toupper(c); });
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- trim() ---
+            if (key == "trim")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r\f\v";
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    result.erase(0, result.find_first_not_of(whitespace));
+                    result.erase(result.find_last_not_of(whitespace) + 1);
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- trimEnd() ---
+            if (key == "trimEnd")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r\f\v";
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    result.erase(result.find_last_not_of(whitespace) + 1);
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            // --- trimStart() ---
+            if (key == "trimStart")
+            {
+                return AnyValue::make_function([self](const std::vector<AnyValue> &args) -> AnyValue
+                                               {
+                    const char* whitespace = " \t\n\r\f\v";
+                    std::string result = self->value;
+                    result.erase(0, result.find_first_not_of(whitespace));
+                    return AnyValue::make_string(result); },
+                                               key);
+            }
+
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+    }
+}