@typed/fx 1.17.4 → 1.18.0

package/src/internal/bounds.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+export interface Bounds {
+  readonly min: number
+  readonly max: number
+}
+
+// Construct a constrained bounds
+export const boundsFrom = (unsafeMin: number, unsafeMax: number): Bounds => {
+  const min = Math.max(0, unsafeMin)
+  const max = Math.max(min, unsafeMax)
+  return { min, max }
+}
+
+// Combine 2 bounds by narrowing min and max
+export const mergeBounds = (b1: Bounds, b2: Bounds): Bounds =>
+  boundsFrom(b1.min + b2.min, Math.min(b1.max, b1.min + b2.max))
+
+// Nil bounds excludes all slice indices
+export const isNilBounds = (b: Bounds): boolean => b.min >= b.max
+
+// Infinite bounds includes all slice indices
+export const isInfiniteBounds = (b: Bounds): boolean => b.min <= 0 && b.max === Infinity

package/src/internal/core-ref-subject.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+import { Ref, SubscriptionRef } from "effect"
+import { type Cause, isInterrupted } from "effect/Cause"
+import * as Deferred from "effect/Deferred"
+import * as Effect from "effect/Effect"
+import { equals } from "effect/Equal"
+import type { Equivalence } from "effect/Equivalence"
+import * as Exit from "effect/Exit"
+import * as Fiber from "effect/Fiber"
+import { sum } from "effect/Number"
+import * as Option from "effect/Option"
+import { getEquivalence } from "effect/ReadonlyArray"
+import type * as Scope from "effect/Scope"
+import { Computed } from "../Computed"
+import { Filtered } from "../Filtered"
+import type { Fx, FxInput } from "../Fx"
+import { type RefSubject } from "../RefSubject"
+import { Sink, WithContext } from "../Sink"
+import type * as Subject from "../Subject"
+import { ComputedTypeId, RefSubjectTypeId } from "../TypeId"
+import { transformFx } from "../Versioned"
+import * as core from "./core"
+import { makeHoldSubject } from "./core-subject"
+import { DeferredRef } from "./deferred-ref"
+import { fromFxEffect } from "./fx"
+import { matchFxInput } from "./matchers"
+import { FxEffectBase } from "./protos"
+import { run } from "./run"
+import { share } from "./share"
+
+export class RefSubjectImpl<R, E, A> extends FxEffectBase<R, E, A, R, E, A> implements RefSubject<R, E, A> {
+  readonly [RefSubjectTypeId]: RefSubjectTypeId = RefSubjectTypeId
+  readonly [ComputedTypeId]: ComputedTypeId = ComputedTypeId
+
+  private _version = 0
+  private _lock: <R, E, A>(self: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>) => Effect.Effect<R, E, A>
+
+  constructor(
+    readonly initial: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>,
+    readonly eq: Equivalence<A>,
+    readonly ref: Ref.Ref<Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>>,
+    readonly semaphore: Effect.Semaphore,
+    readonly subject: Subject.Subject<R, E, A>
+  ) {
+    super()
+
+    this.onSuccess = this.onSuccess.bind(this)
+    this.onFailure = this.onFailure.bind(this)
+
+    this._lock = semaphore.withPermits(1)
+    this.subscriberCount = subject.subscriberCount
+  }
+
+  static make<R, E, A>(
+    initial: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>,
+    eq: Equivalence<A>,
+    ref: Ref.Ref<Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>>,
+    subject: Subject.Subject<R, E, A>,
+    semaphore: Effect.Semaphore = Effect.unsafeMakeSemaphore(1)
+  ): RefSubject<R, E, A> {
+    return new RefSubjectImpl(initial, eq, ref, semaphore, subject) as any
+  }
+
+  onSuccess(a: A): Effect.Effect<R, never, unknown> {
+    return this.set(a)
+  }
+
+  onFailure(cause: Cause<E>): Effect.Effect<R, never, unknown> {
+    return Effect.tap(
+      Ref.set(this.ref, Option.some(Fiber.failCause(cause))),
+      () => this.subject.onFailure(cause)
+    )
+  }
+
+  readonly version = Effect.sync((): number => this._version)
+
+  readonly subscriberCount: Effect.Effect<R, never, number>
+
+  readonly interrupt = Effect.suspend(() =>
+    Effect.all([
+      this.subject.interrupt,
+      Ref.getAndSet(this.ref, Option.none()).pipe(
+        Effect.flatten,
+        Effect.flatMap(Fiber.interrupt),
+        Effect.optionFromOptional
+      )
+    ])
+  )
+
+  toFx(): Fx<R, E, A> {
+    return fromFxEffect(
+      Effect.as(
+        Ref.get(this.ref).pipe(Effect.flatMap((fiber) => Effect.asSome(this.getOrInitialize(fiber)))),
+        this.subject
+      )
+    )
+  }
+
+  toEffect() {
+    return this.get
+  }
+
+  readonly get: RefSubject<R, E, A>["get"] = Effect.suspend(() =>
+    Effect.fromFiberEffect(
+      Effect.flatMap(Ref.get(this.ref), (fiber) => this.getOrInitialize(fiber))
+    )
+  )
+
+  readonly modifyEffect: RefSubject<R, E, A>["modifyEffect"] = (f) =>
+    this._lock(
+      this.get.pipe(
+        Effect.flatMap((a) =>
+          f(a).pipe(
+            Effect.tap(([, a2]) =>
+              Effect.if(this.eq(a, a2), {
+                onTrue: this.setValue(a2),
+                onFalse: Effect.zipRight(this.setValue(a2), this.emitValue(a2))
+              })
+            ),
+            Effect.map(([b]) => b)
+          )
+        )
+      )
+    )
+
+  readonly runUpdate: RefSubject<R, E, A>["runUpdate"] = (updates, onInterrupt) =>
+    Effect.uninterruptibleMask((restore) =>
+      Effect.flatMap(this.get, (initial) =>
+        updates(this.get, this.setUnlocked).pipe(
+          this._lock,
+          restore,
+          Effect.tapErrorCause(
+            (cause) =>
+              isInterrupted(cause)
+                ? onInterrupt ?
+                  Effect.flatMap(Effect.flatMap(this.get, onInterrupt), this.setUnlocked) :
+                  this.setUnlocked(initial) :
+                Effect.unit
+          )
+        ))
+    )
+
+  private setUnlocked = (a: A) =>
+    this.get.pipe(
+      Effect.matchCauseEffect({
+        onFailure: () => Effect.zipLeft(this.setValue(a), this.emitValue(a)),
+        onSuccess: (current) =>
+          this.eq(current, a) ? this.setValue(a) : Effect.zipLeft(this.setValue(a), this.emitValue(a))
+      })
+    )
+
+  readonly set = (a: A) =>
+    Effect.catchAllCause(
+      this.update(() => a),
+      () => this._lock(Effect.tap(this.setValue(a), () => this.emitValue(a)))
+    )
+
+  readonly updateEffect = <R2, E2>(f: (a: A) => Effect.Effect<R2, E2, A>) =>
+    this.modifyEffect((a) => f(a).pipe(Effect.map((a2) => [a2, a2] as const)))
+
+  readonly modify = <B>(f: (a: A) => readonly [B, A]) => this.modifyEffect((a) => Effect.sync(() => f(a)))
+
+  readonly update = (f: (a: A) => A) =>
+    this.modify((a) => {
+      const a2 = f(a)
+
+      return [a2, a2]
+    })
+
+  readonly delete: Effect.Effect<R, never, Option.Option<A>> = this.modifyRef((fiber) => {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-this-alias
+    const that = this
+
+    return Effect.gen(function*(_) {
+      const refCount = yield* _(that.subscriberCount)
+      const currentValue = yield* _(that.getCurrentValue(fiber))
+
+      that._version = 0
+
+      if (refCount === 0) {
+        return [currentValue, Option.none()] as const
+      }
+
+      // If we have active subscribers, we should re-initialize the ref
+      return [currentValue, yield* _(Effect.asSome(that.initialize()))] as const
+    }).pipe(
+      Effect.catchAllCause((cause) => Effect.succeed([Option.none<A>(), Option.some(Fiber.failCause(cause))] as const))
+    )
+  })
+
+  mapEffect: <R2, E2, B>(f: (a: A) => Effect.Effect<R2, E2, B>) => Computed<R | R2, E | E2, B> = (f) =>
+    Computed(this, f)
+
+  map: <B>(f: (a: A) => B) => Computed<R, E, B> = (f) => this.mapEffect((a) => Effect.sync(() => f(a)))
+
+  filterMapEffect: <R2, E2, B>(f: (a: A) => Effect.Effect<R2, E2, Option.Option<B>>) => Filtered<R | R2, E | E2, B> = (
+    f
+  ) => Filtered(this, f)
+
+  filterMap: <B>(f: (a: A) => Option.Option<B>) => Filtered<R, E, B> = (f) =>
+    this.filterMapEffect((a) => Effect.sync(() => f(a)))
+
+  filterEffect: <R2, E2>(
+    f: (a: A) => Effect.Effect<R2, E2, boolean>
+  ) => Filtered<R | R2, E | E2, A> = (f) =>
+    this.filterMapEffect((a) => Effect.map(f(a), (b) => (b ? Option.some(a) : Option.none())))
+
+  filter = (f: (a: A) => boolean) => this.filterMap(Option.liftPredicate(f))
+
+  skipRepeats: (eq?: Equivalence<A> | undefined) => Computed<R, E, A> = (eq = equals) =>
+    Computed<R, E, A, never, never, A>(
+      transformFx<R, never, R, E, A, R, E, A, R, E, A>(
+        this,
+        core.skipRepeatsWith(eq)
+      ),
+      Effect.succeed
+    )
+
+  private getCurrentValue = (fiber: Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>) => {
+    return Option.match(fiber, {
+      onNone: () => Effect.succeedNone,
+      onSome: (f) => Effect.asSome(Fiber.join(f))
+    })
+  }
+
+  private getOrInitialize(fiber: Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>) {
+    return Option.match(fiber, {
+      onNone: () => this.initialize(),
+      onSome: Effect.succeed
+    })
+  }
+
+  private setValue(a: A) {
+    return Effect.as(Ref.set(this.ref, Option.some(Fiber.succeed(a))), a)
+  }
+
+  private emitValue(a: A) {
+    return Effect.suspend(() => {
+      this._version++
+
+      return this.subject.onSuccess(a)
+    })
+  }
+
+  private initialize(): Effect.Effect<R, never, Fiber.Fiber<E, A>> {
+    return this.initial.pipe(
+      Effect.tap((a) => this.emitValue(a)),
+      Effect.tapErrorCause((cause) => this.subject.onFailure(cause)),
+      Effect.forkDaemon,
+      Effect.tap((fiber) => Ref.set(this.ref, Option.some(fiber)))
+    )
+  }
+
+  private modifyRef<R2, E2, B>(
+    f: (
+      fiber: Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>
+    ) => Effect.Effect<R2, E2, readonly [B, Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>]>
+  ) {
+    return Effect.suspend(() =>
+      this._lock(
+        Ref.get(this.ref).pipe(
+          Effect.flatMap((fiber) =>
+            f(fiber).pipe(Effect.flatMap(([b, a2]) => Ref.set(this.ref, a2).pipe(Effect.as(b))))
+          )
+        )
+      )
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Construct a RefSubject from any Fx value.
+
+/**
+ * Construct a RefSubject with a lazily initialized value.
+ * @since 1.18.0
+ * @category constructors
+ */
+export function fromEffect<R, E, A>(
+  initial: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, A>> {
+  return Effect.contextWithEffect((ctx) =>
+    Effect.suspend(() => {
+      const ref = unsafeMake(Effect.provide(initial, ctx), makeHoldSubject<E, A>(), eq)
+
+      return Effect.as(Effect.addFinalizer(() => ref.interrupt), ref)
+    })
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * Construct a RefSubject from a synchronous value.
+ * @since 1.18.0
+ * @category constructors
+ */
+export function of<A, E = never>(
+  initial: A,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, A>> {
+  return fromEffect<never, E, A>(Effect.succeed(initial), eq)
+}
+
+/**
+ * @since 1.18.0
+ * @category constructors
+ */
+export function make<A, E = never>(
+  iterable: Iterable<A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, ReadonlyArray<A>>>
+export function make<R, E, A>(
+  refSubject: RefSubject<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject.Derived<R, never, E, A>>
+export function make<R, E, A>(
+  effect: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, A>>
+export function make<R, E, A>(
+  fx: FxInput<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, A>>
+
+export function make<R, E, A>(
+  fx: FxInput<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, any>> {
+  return matchFxInput(fx, {
+    RefSubject: (ref) => derivedRefSubject(ref, eq),
+    Fx: (fx) => fxAsRef(fx, eq),
+    Effect: (effect) => fromEffect(effect, eq),
+    Cause: (cause) => fromEffect(Effect.failCause(cause), eq),
+    Iterable: (iterable) => fromEffect<R, E, any>(Effect.succeed(Array.from(iterable)), getEquivalence(eq || equals)),
+    Otherwise: (value) => of(value, eq)
+  })
+}
+
+const fxAsRef = <R, E, A>(
+  fx: Fx<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, A>> =>
+  Effect.gen(function*($) {
+    const deferred = new DeferredRef<E, A>(yield* $(Deferred.make<E, A>()))
+    const ref = yield* $(fromEffect<never, E, A>(deferred, eq))
+
+    const done = (exit: Exit.Exit<E, A>) =>
+      Effect.flatMap(deferred.done(exit), (closed) => closed ? Effect.unit : Exit.match(exit, ref))
+
+    yield* $(Effect.forkScoped(run(
+      fx,
+      Sink(
+        (e) => done(Exit.failCause(e)),
+        (a) => done(Exit.succeed(a))
+      )
+    )))
+
+    yield* $(Effect.addFinalizer(() => ref.interrupt))
+
+    return ref
+  })
+
+const derivedRefSubject = <R, E, A>(
+  source: RefSubject<R, E, A>,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject.Derived<R, never, E, A>> =>
+  Effect.gen(function*($) {
+    const deferred = new DeferredRef<E, A>(yield* $(Deferred.make<E, A>()))
+    const ref = yield* $(fromEffect<never, E, A>(deferred, eq))
+
+    const done = (exit: Exit.Exit<E, A>) =>
+      Effect.flatMap(deferred.done(exit), (closed) => closed ? Effect.unit : Exit.match(exit, ref))
+
+    yield* $(Effect.forkScoped(run(
+      source,
+      Sink(
+        (e) => done(Exit.failCause(e)),
+        (a) => done(Exit.succeed(a))
+      )
+    )))
+
+    yield* $(Effect.addFinalizer(() => ref.interrupt))
+
+    const derived: RefSubject.Derived<R, never, E, A> = Object.assign(ref, {
+      persist: Effect.matchCauseEffect(ref, source)
+    })
+
+    return derived
+  })
+
+/**
+ * @since 1.18.0
+ * @category constructors
+ */
+export function makeWithExtension<R, E, A, B>(
+  effect: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>,
+  f: (ref: RefSubject<never, E, A>) => B,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R, never, RefSubject<never, E, A> & B>
+export function makeWithExtension<R, E, A, B>(
+  fx: FxInput<R, E, A>,
+  f: (ref: RefSubject<never, E, A>) => B,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, A> & B>
+
+export function makeWithExtension<R, E, A, B>(
+  fx: FxInput<R, E, A>,
+  f: (ref: RefSubject<never, E, A>) => B,
+  eq?: Equivalence<A>
+): Effect.Effect<R | Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject<never, E, any> & B> {
+  return Effect.map(make(fx, eq), (ref) => Object.assign(ref, f(ref)))
+}
+
+/**
+ * Construct a RefSubject with an initial value and the specified subject.
+ * @since 1.18.0
+ * @category constructors
+ */
+export function unsafeMake<R, E, A>(
+  initial: Effect.Effect<R, E, A>,
+  subject: Subject.Subject<R, E, A>,
+  eq: Equivalence<A> = equals
+): RefSubject<R, E, A> {
+  return RefSubjectImpl.make(
+    initial,
+    eq,
+    Ref.unsafeMake<Option.Option<Fiber.Fiber<E, A>>>(Option.none()),
+    subject
+  )
+}
+
+const UNBOUNDED = { concurrency: "unbounded" } as const
+
+export function tuple<const REFS extends ReadonlyArray<RefSubject.Any>>(...refs: REFS): RefSubject<
+  RefSubject.Context<REFS[number]>,
+  RefSubject.Error<REFS[number]>,
+  { readonly [K in keyof REFS]: RefSubject.Success<REFS[K]> }
+> {
+  type _R = RefSubject.Context<REFS[number]>
+  type _E = RefSubject.Error<REFS[number]>
+  type _A = { readonly [K in keyof REFS]: RefSubject.Success<REFS[K]> }
+
+  const effect = Effect.all(refs, UNBOUNDED) as Effect.Effect<
+    _R,
+    _E,
+    _A
+  >
+
+  const fx = core.combine(refs) as Fx<_R, _E, _A>
+  const sink: WithContext<_R, _E, _A> = WithContext(
+    (cause) => Effect.all(refs.map((ref) => ref.onFailure(cause as any))),
+    (values) => Effect.all(refs.map((ref, i) => ref.onSuccess(values[i])))
+  )
+
+  return unsafeMake(
+    effect,
+    {
+      ...fx,
+      ...sink,
+      subscriberCount: Effect.map(
+        Effect.all(refs.map((ref) => ref.subscriberCount)),
+        (counts) => counts.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0)
+      ),
+      interrupt: Effect.all(refs.map((ref) => ref.interrupt))
+    }
+  )
+}
+
+export function struct<const REFS extends Readonly<Record<PropertyKey, RefSubject.Any>>>(
+  refs: REFS
+): RefSubject<
+  RefSubject.Context<REFS[string]>,
+  RefSubject.Error<REFS[string]>,
+  { readonly [K in keyof REFS]: RefSubject.Success<REFS[K]> }
+> {
+  type _R = RefSubject.Context<REFS[string]>
+  type _E = RefSubject.Error<REFS[string]>
+  type _A = { readonly [K in keyof REFS]: RefSubject.Success<REFS[K]> }
+
+  const effect = Effect.all(refs, UNBOUNDED) as Effect.Effect<
+    _R,
+    _E,
+    _A
+  >
+
+  const fx = core.struct(refs) as Fx<_R, _E, _A>
+  const entries = Object.entries(refs)
+  const values = Object.values(refs)
+  const sink: WithContext<_R, _E, _A> = WithContext(
+    (cause) => Effect.all(values.map((ref) => ref.onFailure(cause as any))),
+    (values) => Effect.all(entries.map(([k, ref]) => ref.onSuccess(values[k])))
+  )
+
+  return unsafeMake(
+    effect,
+    {
+      ...fx,
+      ...sink,
+      subscriberCount: Effect.map(
+        Effect.all(values.map((ref) => ref.subscriberCount)),
+        (counts) => counts.reduce(sum, 0)
+      ),
+      interrupt: Effect.all(values.map((ref) => ref.interrupt))
+    }
+  )
+}
+
+export function fromSubscriptionRef<A>(
+  subscriptionRef: SubscriptionRef.SubscriptionRef<A>
+): Effect.Effect<Scope.Scope, never, RefSubject.Derived<never, never, never, A>> {
+  return Effect.suspend(() => {
+    const effect = SubscriptionRef.get(subscriptionRef)
+    const subject = makeHoldSubject<never, A>()
+    const fx = share(core.fromStream(subscriptionRef.changes), subject)
+    const ref: RefSubject<never, never, A> = unsafeMake(effect, {
+      ...fx,
+      onSuccess: subject.onSuccess,
+      onFailure: subject.onFailure,
+      subscriberCount: subject.subscriberCount,
+      interrupt: subject.interrupt
+    })
+
+    const derived: RefSubject.Derived<never, never, never, A> = Object.assign(ref, {
+      persist: ref.updateEffect((value) => SubscriptionRef.setAndGet(subscriptionRef, value))
+    })
+
+    return Effect.as(Effect.addFinalizer(() => ref.interrupt), derived)
+  })
+}

package/src/internal/core-subject.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+import { type Cause } from "effect/Cause"
+import * as Effect from "effect/Effect"
+import * as Exit from "effect/Exit"
+import * as MutableRef from "effect/MutableRef"
+import * as Option from "effect/Option"
+import * as Scope from "effect/Scope"
+import type { Fx } from "../Fx"
+import type { Sink } from "../Sink"
+import type { Subject } from "../Subject"
+import { fromSink } from "./core"
+import { ToFx } from "./fx-primitive"
+import { RingBuffer } from "./helpers"
+
+export function makeSubject<E, A>(): Subject<never, E, A> {
+  return new SubjectImpl<E, A>()
+}
+
+export function makeHoldSubject<E, A>(): Subject<never, E, A> {
+  return new HoldSubjectImpl<E, A>()
+}
+
+export function makeReplaySubject<E, A>(capacity: number): Subject<never, E, A> {
+  return new ReplaySubjectImpl<E, A>(new RingBuffer(capacity))
+}
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class SubjectImpl<E, A> extends ToFx<never, E, A> implements Subject<never, E, A> {
+  protected sinks: Set<Sink<E, A>> = new Set()
+  protected scopes: Set<Scope.CloseableScope> = new Set()
+
+  // Emit a failure to all sinks
+  onFailure = (cause: Cause<E>) => this.onCause(cause)
+
+  // Emit an event to all sinks
+  onSuccess = (a: A) => this.onEvent(a)
+
+  interrupt = Effect.suspend(() => Effect.forEach(this.scopes, (scope) => Scope.close(scope, Exit.unit)))
+
+  toFx(): Fx<never, E, A> {
+    return fromSink<never, E, A>((sink) => this.addSink(sink, awaitScopeClose))
+  }
+
+  protected addSink<R2, B>(
+    sink: Sink<E, A>,
+    f: (scope: Scope.Scope) => Effect.Effect<R2, never, B>
+  ): Effect.Effect<R2, never, B> {
+    return Effect.acquireUseRelease(
+      Scope.make(),
+      (scope) =>
+        Effect.flatMap(
+          Effect.provideService(
+            Effect.acquireRelease(
+              Effect.sync(() => {
+                this.sinks.add(sink)
+                this.scopes.add(scope)
+
+                return this.sinks.size
+              }),
+              () =>
+                Effect.sync(() => {
+                  this.sinks.delete(sink)
+                  this.scopes.delete(scope)
+                })
+            ),
+            Scope.Scope,
+            scope
+          ),
+          () => f(scope)
+        ),
+      (scope, exit) => Scope.close(scope, exit)
+    )
+  }
+
+  readonly subscriberCount: Effect.Effect<never, never, number> = Effect.sync(() => this.sinks.size)
+
+  protected onEvent(a: A) {
+    return Effect.suspend(() => {
+      return Effect.forEach(Array.from(this.sinks), (sink) => sink.onSuccess(a), { discard: true })
+    })
+  }
+
+  protected onCause(cause: Cause<E>) {
+    return Effect.suspend(() =>
+      Effect.forEach(Array.from(this.sinks), (sink) => sink.onFailure(cause), { discard: true })
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class HoldSubjectImpl<E, A> extends SubjectImpl<E, A> implements Subject<never, E, A> {
+  private lastValue: MutableRef.MutableRef<Option.Option<A>> = MutableRef.make(Option.none())
+
+  // Emit an event to all sinks
+  onSuccess = (a: A) =>
+    Effect.suspend(() => {
+      MutableRef.set(this.lastValue, Option.some(a))
+
+      return this.onEvent(a)
+    })
+
+  toFx(): Fx<never, E, A> {
+    return fromSink<never, E, A>((sink) =>
+      this.addSink(sink, (scope) =>
+        Option.match(MutableRef.get(this.lastValue), {
+          onNone: () => awaitScopeClose(scope),
+          onSome: (a) => Effect.zipRight(sink.onSuccess(a), awaitScopeClose(scope))
+        }))
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class ReplaySubjectImpl<E, A> extends SubjectImpl<E, A> {
+  constructor(readonly buffer: RingBuffer<A>) {
+    super(buffer)
+  }
+
+  // Emit an event to all sinks
+  onSuccess = (a: A) =>
+    Effect.suspend(() => {
+      this.buffer.push(a)
+
+      return this.onEvent(a)
+    })
+
+  toFx(): Fx<never, E, A> {
+    return fromSink<never, E, A>((sink) =>
+      this.addSink(sink, (scope) => Effect.zipRight(this.buffer.forEach(sink.onSuccess), awaitScopeClose(scope)))
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+function awaitScopeClose(scope: Scope.Scope) {
+  return Effect.asyncEffect<never, never, unknown, never, never, void>((cb) =>
+    Scope.addFinalizerExit(scope, () => Effect.sync(() => cb(Effect.unit)))
+  )
+}