@ts-for-gir/lib 4.0.0-beta.4 → 4.0.0-beta.41

package/src/gir.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,869 @@
+import type { IntrospectedNamespace } from "./gir/namespace.ts";
+
+/**
+ * A list of possible type conflicts.
+ *
+ * The format is CHILD_PARENT_CONFLICT so
+ * ACCESSOR_PROPERTY_CONFLICT means there
+ * is an accessor on a child class and a
+ * property on the parent class, which is a
+ * conflict.
+ *
+ * Starts at '1' because the value is often
+ * used as truthy.
+ */
+export enum ConflictType {
+	PROPERTY_NAME_CONFLICT = 1,
+	FIELD_NAME_CONFLICT,
+	FUNCTION_NAME_CONFLICT,
+	ACCESSOR_PROPERTY_CONFLICT,
+	PROPERTY_ACCESSOR_CONFLICT,
+	VFUNC_SIGNATURE_CONFLICT,
+}
+
+import { type ConsoleReporter, LazyReporter } from "@ts-for-gir/reporter";
+import type { IntrospectedField, IntrospectedProperty } from "./gir/property.ts";
+import type { OptionsBase } from "./types/index.ts";
+import { isInvalid, sanitizeIdentifierName, sanitizeNamespace } from "./utils/naming.ts";
+
+export abstract class TypeExpression {
+	isPointer = false;
+
+	abstract equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean;
+	abstract unwrap(): TypeExpression;
+
+	deepUnwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this.unwrap();
+	}
+
+	abstract rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression;
+	abstract resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression;
+
+	abstract print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string;
+	rootPrint(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return this.print(namespace, options);
+	}
+}
+
+export class TypeIdentifier extends TypeExpression {
+	readonly name: string;
+	readonly namespace: string;
+
+	private static readonly reporter = new LazyReporter("TypeIdentifier");
+
+	static configureReporter(enabled: boolean, output?: string) {
+		TypeIdentifier.reporter.configure(enabled, output);
+	}
+
+	get log(): ConsoleReporter {
+		return TypeIdentifier.reporter.get();
+	}
+
+	constructor(name: string, namespace: string) {
+		super();
+		this.name = name;
+		this.namespace = namespace;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		return type instanceof TypeIdentifier && type.name === this.name && type.namespace === this.namespace;
+	}
+
+	is(namespace: string, name: string) {
+		return this.namespace === namespace && this.name === name;
+	}
+
+	unwrap() {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return type;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * TODO: gi.ts didn't deal with sanitizing types but probably should have to avoid
+	 * invalid names such as "3gppProfile"
+	 */
+	sanitize() {
+		return new TypeIdentifier(sanitizeIdentifierName(this.namespace, this.name), sanitizeNamespace(this.namespace));
+	}
+
+	protected _resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeIdentifier | null {
+		const name: string = sanitizeIdentifierName(null, this.name);
+		const unresolvedNamespaceName = this.namespace;
+
+		const ns = namespace.assertInstalledImport(unresolvedNamespaceName);
+
+		if (ns.hasSymbol(name)) {
+			const c = ns.getClass(name);
+
+			// Some records are structs for other class types.
+			// GirRecord.prototype.getType resolves this relationship.
+			if (c) return c.getType();
+
+			return new TypeIdentifier(name, ns.namespace);
+		}
+
+		// Handle "class callback" types (they're in a definition-merged module)
+		let [cb, corrected_name] = ns.findClassCallback(name);
+		let resolved_name: string | null = null;
+
+		if (!cb) {
+			resolved_name = ns.resolveSymbolFromTypeName(name);
+		}
+
+		let c_resolved_name: string | null = null;
+
+		if (!c_resolved_name) {
+			c_resolved_name = ns.resolveSymbolFromTypeName(`${unresolvedNamespaceName}${name}`);
+		}
+
+		if (!c_resolved_name) {
+			c_resolved_name = ns.resolveSymbolFromTypeName(`${ns.namespace}${name}`);
+		}
+
+		if (!cb && !resolved_name && !c_resolved_name) {
+			// Don't warn if a missing import is at fault, this will be dealt with later.
+			if (namespace.namespace === ns.namespace) {
+				this.log.reportTypeResolutionWarning(
+					this.name,
+					this.namespace,
+					`Attempting to fall back on c:type inference for ${ns.namespace}.${name}`,
+					`Fallback to c:type inference attempted`,
+				);
+			}
+
+			[cb, corrected_name] = ns.findClassCallback(`${ns.namespace}${name}`);
+
+			if (cb) {
+				this.log.reportTypeResolutionWarning(
+					this.name,
+					this.namespace,
+					`Falling back on c:type inference for ${ns.namespace}.${name} and found ${ns.namespace}.${corrected_name}`,
+					`Successfully resolved using c:type fallback`,
+				);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (cb) {
+			if (options.verbose) {
+				this.log.debug(`Callback found: ${cb}.${corrected_name}`);
+			}
+
+			return new ModuleTypeIdentifier(corrected_name, cb, ns.namespace);
+		} else if (resolved_name) {
+			return new TypeIdentifier(resolved_name, ns.namespace);
+		} else if (c_resolved_name) {
+			this.log.reportTypeResolutionWarning(
+				this.name,
+				this.namespace,
+				`Fall back on c:type inference for ${ns.namespace}.${name} and found ${ns.namespace}.${corrected_name}`,
+				`Using c:type as fallback for type resolution`,
+			);
+
+			return new TypeIdentifier(c_resolved_name, ns.namespace);
+		} else if (namespace.namespace === ns.namespace) {
+			this.log.reportTypeResolutionWarning(
+				this.name,
+				ns.namespace,
+				`Unable to resolve type ${this.name} in same namespace ${ns.namespace}!`,
+				`Type resolution failed within the same namespace`,
+			);
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		this.log.reportTypeResolutionWarning(
+			this.name,
+			this.namespace,
+			`Type ${this.name} could not be resolved in ${namespace.namespace} ${namespace.version}`,
+			`Referenced from ${namespace.namespace} ${namespace.version}`,
+			`${namespace.namespace} ${namespace.version}`,
+		);
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	resolveIdentifier(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeIdentifier | null {
+		return this._resolve(namespace, options);
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		const resolved = this._resolve(namespace, options);
+
+		// Generally if we can't resolve a type it is not introspectable,
+		// thus we annotate it as "never".
+		return resolved ?? NeverType;
+	}
+
+	static new({ name, namespace }: { name: string; namespace: string }) {
+		return new TypeIdentifier(name, namespace);
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, _options: OptionsBase): string {
+		if (namespace.hasSymbol(this.namespace) && this.namespace !== namespace.namespace) {
+			// TODO: Move to TypeScript generator...
+			// Libraries like zbar have classes named things like "Gtk"
+			return `${this.namespace}__.${this.name}`;
+		}
+
+		if (namespace.namespace === this.namespace) {
+			return `${this.name}`;
+		} else {
+			return `${this.namespace}.${this.name}`;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+export class ModuleTypeIdentifier extends TypeIdentifier {
+	readonly moduleName: string;
+	declare readonly namespace: string;
+
+	constructor(name: string, moduleName: string, namespace: string) {
+		super(name, namespace);
+		this.moduleName = moduleName;
+		this.namespace = namespace;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		return super.equals(type) && type instanceof ModuleTypeIdentifier && this.moduleName === type.moduleName;
+	}
+
+	is(namespace: string, moduleName: string, name?: string) {
+		return this.namespace === namespace && this.moduleName === moduleName && this.name === name && name !== undefined;
+	}
+
+	unwrap() {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return type;
+	}
+
+	sanitize() {
+		return new ModuleTypeIdentifier(
+			sanitizeIdentifierName(this.namespace, this.name),
+			sanitizeIdentifierName(this.namespace, this.moduleName),
+			sanitizeNamespace(this.namespace),
+		);
+	}
+
+	protected _resolve(_namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, _options: OptionsBase): ModuleTypeIdentifier | null {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, _options: OptionsBase): string {
+		if (namespace.namespace === this.namespace) {
+			return `${this.moduleName}.${this.name}`;
+		} else {
+			return `${this.namespace}.${this.moduleName}.${this.name}`;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * This class overrides the default printing for types
+ */
+export class ClassStructTypeIdentifier extends TypeIdentifier {
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		return type instanceof ClassStructTypeIdentifier && super.equals(type);
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, _options: OptionsBase): string {
+		if (namespace.namespace === this.namespace) {
+			// TODO: Mapping to invalid names should happen at the generator level...
+			return `typeof ${isInvalid(this.name) ? `__${this.name}` : this.name}`;
+		} else {
+			return `typeof ${this.namespace}.${isInvalid(this.name) ? `__${this.name}` : this.name}`;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+export class GenerifiedTypeIdentifier extends TypeIdentifier {
+	generics: TypeExpression[];
+
+	constructor(name: string, namespace: string, generics: TypeExpression[] = []) {
+		super(name, namespace);
+		this.generics = generics;
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		const Generics = this.generics.map((generic) => generic.print(namespace, options)).join(", ");
+
+		if (namespace.namespace === this.namespace) {
+			return `${this.name}${this.generics.length > 0 ? `<${Generics}>` : ""}`;
+		} else {
+			return `${this.namespace}.${this.name}${this.generics.length > 0 ? `<${Generics}>` : ""}`;
+		}
+	}
+
+	_resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeIdentifier | null {
+		const iden = super._resolve(namespace, options);
+
+		if (iden) {
+			return new GenerifiedTypeIdentifier(iden.name, iden.namespace, [...this.generics]);
+		}
+
+		return iden;
+	}
+}
+
+export class NativeType extends TypeExpression {
+	readonly expression: (options?: OptionsBase) => string;
+
+	constructor(expression: ((options?: OptionsBase) => string) | string) {
+		super();
+		this.expression = typeof expression === "string" ? () => expression : expression;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return type;
+	}
+
+	resolve(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	print(_namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return this.expression(options);
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression, options?: OptionsBase): boolean {
+		return type instanceof NativeType && this.expression(options) === type.expression(options);
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	static withGenerator(generator: (options?: OptionsBase) => string): TypeExpression {
+		return new NativeType(generator);
+	}
+
+	static of(nativeType: string): NativeType {
+		return new NativeType(nativeType);
+	}
+}
+
+export class OrType extends TypeExpression {
+	readonly types: ReadonlyArray<TypeExpression>;
+
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression, ...types: TypeExpression[]) {
+		super();
+		this.types = [type, ...types];
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return type;
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		const [type, ...types] = this.types;
+
+		return new OrType(type.resolve(namespace, options), ...types.map((t) => t.resolve(namespace, options)));
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return `(${this.types.map((t) => t.print(namespace, options)).join(" | ")})`;
+	}
+
+	rootPrint(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return `${this.types.map((t) => t.print(namespace, options)).join(" | ")}`;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression) {
+		if (type instanceof OrType) {
+			return this.types.every((t) => type.types.some((type) => type.equals(t)));
+		} else {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+export class TupleType extends OrType {
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return `[${this.types.map((t) => t.print(namespace, options)).join(", ")}]`;
+	}
+
+	rootPrint(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return this.print(namespace, options);
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		const [type, ...types] = this.types;
+
+		return new TupleType(type.resolve(namespace, options), ...types.map((t) => t.resolve(namespace, options)));
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression) {
+		if (type instanceof TupleType) {
+			return this.types.length === type.types.length && this.types.every((t, i) => type.types[i].equals(t));
+		} else {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+export class BinaryType extends OrType {
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase) {
+		return new BinaryType(this.a.resolve(namespace, options), this.b.resolve(namespace, options));
+	}
+
+	is() {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	get a() {
+		return this.types[0];
+	}
+
+	get b() {
+		return this.types[1];
+	}
+}
+
+export class FunctionType extends TypeExpression {
+	parameterTypes: { [name: string]: TypeExpression };
+	returnType: TypeExpression;
+
+	constructor(parameters: { [name: string]: TypeExpression }, returnType: TypeExpression) {
+		super();
+
+		this.parameterTypes = parameters;
+		this.returnType = returnType;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		if (type instanceof FunctionType) {
+			return (
+				Object.values(this.parameterTypes).every((t) =>
+					Object.values(type.parameterTypes).some((tp) => t.equals(tp)),
+				) &&
+				Object.values(type.parameterTypes).every((t) =>
+					Object.values(this.parameterTypes).some((tp) => t.equals(tp)),
+				) &&
+				this.returnType.equals(type.returnType)
+			);
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return type;
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		return new FunctionType(
+			Object.fromEntries(
+				Object.entries(this.parameterTypes).map(([k, p]) => {
+					return [k, p.resolve(namespace, options)];
+				}),
+			),
+			this.returnType.resolve(namespace, options),
+		);
+	}
+
+	rootPrint(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		const Parameters = Object.entries(this.parameterTypes)
+			.map(([k, v]) => {
+				return `${k}: ${v.rootPrint(namespace, options)}`;
+			})
+			.join(", ");
+
+		return `(${Parameters}) => ${this.returnType.print(namespace, options)}`;
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return `(${this.rootPrint(namespace, options)})`;
+	}
+}
+
+export class Generic {
+	private _deriveFrom: TypeIdentifier | null;
+	private _genericType: GenericType;
+	private _defaultType: TypeExpression | null;
+	private _constraint: TypeExpression | null;
+	private _propagate: boolean;
+
+	constructor(
+		genericType: GenericType,
+		defaultType?: TypeExpression,
+		deriveFrom?: TypeIdentifier,
+		constraint?: TypeExpression,
+		propagate = true,
+	) {
+		this._deriveFrom = deriveFrom ?? null;
+		this._genericType = genericType;
+		this._defaultType = defaultType ?? null;
+		this._constraint = constraint ?? null;
+		this._propagate = propagate;
+	}
+
+	unwrap() {
+		return this._genericType;
+	}
+
+	get propagate() {
+		return this._propagate;
+	}
+
+	get type() {
+		return this._genericType;
+	}
+
+	get defaultType() {
+		return this._defaultType;
+	}
+
+	get constraint() {
+		return this._constraint;
+	}
+
+	get parent() {
+		return this._deriveFrom;
+	}
+}
+
+export class GenerifiedType extends TypeExpression {
+	type: TypeExpression;
+	generic: GenericType;
+
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression, generic: GenericType) {
+		super();
+
+		this.type = type;
+		this.generic = generic;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase) {
+		return new GenerifiedType(this.type.resolve(namespace, options), this.generic);
+	}
+
+	unwrap() {
+		return this.type;
+	}
+
+	rootPrint(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase) {
+		return this.type.rootPrint(namespace, options);
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase) {
+		return `${this.type.print(namespace, options)}<${this.generic.print()}>`;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		if (type instanceof GenerifiedType) {
+			return this.type.equals(type.type) && this.generic.equals(type.generic);
+		}
+
+		return this.type.equals(type);
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return new GenerifiedType(this.type.rewrap(type), this.generic);
+	}
+}
+
+export class GenericType extends TypeExpression {
+	identifier: string;
+	replacedType?: TypeExpression;
+
+	constructor(identifier: string, replacedType?: TypeExpression) {
+		super();
+
+		this.identifier = identifier;
+		this.replacedType = replacedType;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		if (type instanceof GenericType) {
+			const genericType = type;
+			return this.identifier === genericType.identifier;
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return type;
+	}
+
+	resolve(): GenericType {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	print(): string {
+		return this.identifier;
+	}
+}
+
+export class NullableType extends BinaryType {
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression) {
+		super(type, NullType);
+	}
+
+	unwrap() {
+		return this.a;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return new NullableType(this.a.rewrap(type));
+	}
+
+	get type() {
+		return this.a;
+	}
+}
+
+export class PromiseType extends TypeExpression {
+	type: TypeExpression;
+
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression) {
+		super();
+		this.type = type;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		return type instanceof PromiseType && type.type.equals(this.type);
+	}
+
+	unwrap() {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		return new PromiseType(this.type.rewrap(type));
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		return new PromiseType(this.type.resolve(namespace, options));
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		if (this.type.equals(VoidType)) {
+			return "globalThis.Promise<void>";
+		}
+
+		return `globalThis.Promise<${this.type.print(namespace, options)}>`;
+	}
+
+	rootPrint(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return this.print(namespace, options);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * This is one of the more interesting usages of our type
+ * system. To handle type conflicts we wrap conflicting types
+ * in this class with a ConflictType to denote why they are a
+ * conflict.
+ *
+ * TypeConflict will throw if it is printed or resolved, so generators
+ * must unwrap it and "resolve" the conflict. Some generators like JSON
+ * just disregard this info, other generators like DTS attempt to
+ * resolve the conflicts so the typing stays sound.
+ */
+export class TypeConflict extends TypeExpression {
+	readonly conflictType: ConflictType;
+	readonly type: TypeExpression;
+
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression, conflictType: ConflictType) {
+		super();
+		this.type = type;
+		this.conflictType = conflictType;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeConflict {
+		return new TypeConflict(this.type.rewrap(type), this.conflictType);
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this.type;
+	}
+
+	// TODO: This constant "true" is a remnant of the Anyified type.
+	equals(): boolean {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		const resolvedType = this.type.resolve(namespace, options);
+		const typeString = resolvedType.print(namespace, options);
+		throw new Error(`Type conflict was not resolved for ${typeString} in ${namespace.namespace}`);
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		const resolvedType = this.type.resolve(namespace, options);
+		const typeString = resolvedType.print(namespace, options);
+		throw new Error(`Type conflict was not resolved for ${typeString} in ${namespace.namespace}`);
+	}
+}
+
+export class ClosureType extends TypeExpression {
+	type: TypeExpression;
+	user_data: number | null = null;
+
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression) {
+		super();
+		this.type = type;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression): boolean {
+		if (type instanceof ClosureType) {
+			const closureType = type;
+			return this.type.equals(closureType.type);
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	deepUnwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this.type;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		const closure = new ClosureType(this.type.rewrap(type));
+
+		closure.user_data = this.user_data;
+
+		return closure;
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase) {
+		const { user_data, type } = this;
+
+		return ClosureType.new({
+			user_data,
+			type: type.resolve(namespace, options),
+		});
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		return this.type.print(namespace, options);
+	}
+
+	static new({ type, user_data = null }: { type: TypeExpression; user_data?: number | null }) {
+		const vt = new ClosureType(type);
+		vt.user_data = user_data;
+		return vt;
+	}
+}
+
+export class ArrayType extends TypeExpression {
+	type: TypeExpression;
+	arrayDepth: number = 1;
+	length: number | null = null;
+
+	constructor(type: TypeExpression) {
+		super();
+		this.type = type;
+	}
+
+	deepUnwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this.type;
+	}
+
+	unwrap(): TypeExpression {
+		return this;
+	}
+
+	rewrap(type: TypeExpression): TypeExpression {
+		const array = new ArrayType(this.type.rewrap(type));
+
+		array.arrayDepth = this.arrayDepth;
+		array.length = this.length;
+
+		return array;
+	}
+
+	equals(type: TypeExpression) {
+		if (type instanceof ArrayType) {
+			const arrayType: ArrayType = type;
+
+			return arrayType.type.equals(this.type) && type.arrayDepth === this.arrayDepth;
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	resolve(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): TypeExpression {
+		const { type, arrayDepth, length } = this;
+		return ArrayType.new({
+			type: type.resolve(namespace, options),
+			arrayDepth,
+			length,
+		});
+	}
+
+	print(namespace: IntrospectedNamespace, options: OptionsBase): string {
+		const depth = this.arrayDepth;
+		let typeSuffix: string = "";
+
+		if (depth === 0) {
+			typeSuffix = "";
+		} else if (depth === 1) {
+			typeSuffix = "[]";
+		} else {
+			typeSuffix = "".padStart(2 * depth, "[]");
+		}
+
+		return `${this.type.print(namespace, options)}${typeSuffix}`;
+	}
+
+	static new({
+		type,
+		arrayDepth = 1,
+		length = null,
+	}: {
+		type: TypeExpression;
+		length?: number | null;
+		arrayDepth?: number;
+	}) {
+		const vt = new ArrayType(type);
+		vt.length = length;
+		vt.arrayDepth = arrayDepth;
+		return vt;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * Common native types as constants.
+ * These represent TypeScript types in generated .d.ts output for GJS runtime,
+ * not internal tool types. Uses of `any` here are intentional — they produce
+ * correct type definitions for GLib/GIO/GObject APIs that accept dynamic values.
+ */
+export const ThisType = new NativeType("this");
+export const ObjectType = new NativeType("object");
+export const AnyType = new NativeType("any");
+export const NeverType = new NativeType("never");
+export const Uint8ArrayType = new NativeType("Uint8Array");
+export const BooleanType = new NativeType("boolean");
+export const StringType = new NativeType("string");
+export const NumberType = new NativeType("number");
+export const NullType = new NativeType("null");
+export const VoidType = new NativeType("void");
+export const UnknownType = new NativeType("unknown");
+export const AnyFunctionType = new NativeType("(...args: any[]) => any");
+
+export type GirClassField = IntrospectedProperty | IntrospectedField;