@torrent-tv/proxy 2.87.21 → 2.88.0

package/services/encode/output/OutputSpec.js

@@ -1,390 +1,390 @@
-import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
-
-/**
- * @file What a session PRODUCES, stated once and used as its identity.
- *
- * Three domain axes already have a home in this package: what a file states
- * about itself (`container/`), what a track states about itself (`tracks/`),
- * and what anybody wants off the swarm (`demand/`). This is the fourth — what
- * we make out of them — and it had no home at all: the identity of a session
- * was a `[...].join(":")` inside a 300-line function, with no name, no test and
- * nothing printing it.
- *
- * The rule it exists to express, stated by the user 2026-09-03:
- *
- * > A session belongs to the tracks its output actually carries. Its key holds
- * > those tracks' parameters and nothing else. Two sessions whose parameters
- * > agree ARE the same session, and the encoded result is reused by definition.
- *
- * So reuse between viewers is not a feature built on top of this — it is what a
- * correctly built key already means. A field of the REQUEST that does not
- * change one byte of the output must not appear here; measured 2026-09-03, two
- * viewers of one copied picture got two sessions whose output was identical
- * byte for byte (`research/two-viewers-one-file-2026-09-03.md`).
- *
- * What deliberately does NOT appear:
- *
- * 1. the viewer, in any form. Not the consumer id, not where they started, not
- *    their viewport. A viewer is not a property of the material;
- * 2. the video track number. Only `0:v:0` is ever mapped, so the file names the
- *    picture. Add it here the day a second video track can be chosen.
- *
- * A limit worth stating: two specs that agree name interchangeable output
- * within ONE proxy. A copied picture's bytes depend only on the source, but a
- * re-encoded one's depend on this host's encoder, its preset and its rate control —
- * so this is not enough to reuse segments BETWEEN proxies (roadmap item 41).
- */
-
-/**
- * A rate control as an output states it, or null where there is none.
- *
- * @param {unknown} given
- * @returns {{ maxrateKbps: number, bufsizeKbps: number, level: string | null } | null}
- */
-function rateControlOf(given) {
-  if (!given || typeof given !== "object") {
-    return null;
-  }
-  const maxrateKbps = Number(given.maxrateKbps);
-  const bufsizeKbps = Number(given.bufsizeKbps);
-  if (!(Number.isInteger(maxrateKbps) && maxrateKbps > 0 && Number.isInteger(bufsizeKbps) && bufsizeKbps > 0)) {
-    return null;
-  }
-  return {
-    maxrateKbps,
-    bufsizeKbps,
-    level: typeof given.level === "string" && /^[0-9.]+$/.test(given.level) ? given.level : null
-  };
-}
-
-/**
- * The picture an output carries.
- *
- * ITS RATE CONTROL IS PART OF IT (roadmap item 97, step 10, decided with the
- * user 2026-09-18 and 2026-09-23). A bitrate limit changes the bytes of every
- * piece, so two limits are two outputs; it was once a runtime field of a
- * shared output that the worst link among its viewers moved, which took a
- * slow viewer's limit onto every viewer of that picture. The level the stream
- * is declared at is part of it too: it is written into the header. It is the
- * level of the NOMINAL output of this size, so every limit at one size writes
- * the same header (`softwareRateControlFor`).
- */
-export class VideoOutput {
-  /**
-   * @param {object} params
-   * @param {number} params.fileIndex - The file the picture is read from.
-   * @param {{ encoder: string, width: number, height: number, fps: number, preset: string | null, tonemap: boolean, rateControl?: { maxrateKbps: number, bufsizeKbps: number, level: string | null } | null } | null} params.encode
-   *   Null when the picture is copied — then the output is the source's own
-   *   picture and nothing asked for can change a byte of it. When it is
-   *   re-encoded, the FORMAT that is actually produced: which encoder, the
-   *   size, the frame rate, the speed setting and whether HDR is tone mapped
-   *   down. Each of those changes what a decoder must be told in the header,
-   *   so pieces that differ in any of them cannot share one init segment.
-   *
-   *   What was ASKED for is not here. The key used to carry the viewer's box
-   *   and whether it was to be produced exactly, while the budget chose the
-   *   real size afterwards — so one address could name two formats, and pieces
-   *   of both would be served under the header of one (decided with the user
-   *   2026-09-16).
-   */
-  constructor({ fileIndex, encode = null }) {
-    this.fileIndex = Number.isInteger(fileIndex) && fileIndex >= 0 ? fileIndex : 0;
-    this.encode = encode
-      ? {
-          encoder: typeof encode.encoder === "string" && encode.encoder.length > 0 ? encode.encoder : "unknown",
-          width: Number.isInteger(encode.width) && encode.width > 0 ? encode.width : 0,
-          height: Number.isInteger(encode.height) && encode.height > 0 ? encode.height : 0,
-          fps: Number.isFinite(encode.fps) && encode.fps > 0 ? encode.fps : 0,
-          preset: typeof encode.preset === "string" && encode.preset.length > 0 ? encode.preset : null,
-          tonemap: encode.tonemap === true,
-          // Null where nothing bounds the rate — a hardware encoder, which is
-          // given a quality figure and no `-maxrate` at all.
-          rateControl: rateControlOf(encode.rateControl)
-        }
-      : null;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * How many points of picture this output carries, or zero for a copy, which
-   * is the source's own size and is compared by the caller that knows it.
-   *
-   * @returns {number}
-   */
-  get area() {
-    return this.encode ? this.encode.width * this.encode.height : 0;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @returns {string}
-   */
-  toKey() {
-    if (!this.encode) {
-      return `v=${this.fileIndex}/copy`;
-    }
-    const { encoder, width, height, fps, preset, tonemap, rateControl } = this.encode;
-    const rate = rateControl
-      ? `vbv=${rateControl.maxrateKbps}k-${rateControl.bufsizeKbps}k@${rateControl.level ?? "-"}`
-      : "vbv=-";
-    return `v=${this.fileIndex}/enc/${encoder}/${width}x${height}@${fps}/${preset ?? "-"}/${tonemap ? "tonemap" : "none"}/${rate}`;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * The soundtrack an output carries.
- */
-export class AudioOutput {
-  /**
-   * @param {object} params
-   * @param {number} params.fileIndex - The file the TRACK lives in, which for a
-   *   dub shipped beside the picture is not the picture's file.
-   * @param {number} params.trackIndex - `0:a:N` inside that file. The flat
-   *   number the browser sends spans the picture's own tracks and the files
-   *   beside it, and two flat numbers of two different pictures can name one
-   *   track; this is the number that cannot.
-   * @param {boolean} params.transcode - Re-encoded to AAC, or copied.
-   */
-  constructor({ fileIndex, trackIndex, transcode }) {
-    this.fileIndex = Number.isInteger(fileIndex) && fileIndex >= 0 ? fileIndex : 0;
-    this.trackIndex = Number.isInteger(trackIndex) && trackIndex >= 0 ? trackIndex : 0;
-    this.transcode = transcode === true;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @returns {string}
-   */
-  toKey() {
-    return `a=${this.fileIndex}/${this.trackIndex}/${this.transcode ? "aac" : "copy"}`;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Where an output is cut.
- *
- * Both forms belong to a FILE and not to the session: the keyframe grid is that
- * file's own keyframe times, and the uniform grid is derived from that file's
- * duration. A soundtrack takes the grid of the picture it accompanies, so its
- * grid names the picture's file — which is what makes two soundtrack sessions
- * cut for two different pictures tell themselves apart.
- */
-export class CutGrid {
-  /**
-   * @param {object} params
-   * @param {"keyframe" | "uniform"} params.kind
-   * @param {number} params.fileIndex - Whose keyframes, or whose duration.
-   */
-  constructor({ kind, fileIndex }) {
-    this.kind = kind === "keyframe" ? "keyframe" : "uniform";
-    this.fileIndex = Number.isInteger(fileIndex) && fileIndex >= 0 ? fileIndex : 0;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @returns {string}
-   */
-  toKey() {
-    return `grid=${this.kind === "keyframe" ? "kf" : "even"}@${this.fileIndex}`;
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * The shape `OutputSpec.toKey` writes, read back part by part.
- */
-const KEY_PATTERN =
-  /^(?<source>.+):fmt=(?<format>[a-z0-9]+):grid=(?<grid>kf|even)@(?<gridFile>\d+):(?<carries>video-only|audio-only|muxed)(?::v=(?<videoFile>\d+)\/(?<video>copy|enc\/(?<encoder>[^/:]+)\/(?<width>\d+)x(?<height>\d+)@(?<fps>[0-9.]+)\/(?<preset>[^/:]+)\/(?<tonemap>tonemap|none)\/vbv=(?<vbv>-|(?<maxrate>\d+)k-(?<bufsize>\d+)k@(?<level>-|[0-9.]+))))?(?::a=(?<audioFile>\d+)\/(?<audioTrack>\d+)\/(?<audioCodec>aac|copy))?$/;
-
-/**
- * One encode of one torrent's material: which tracks, in what form, cut how,
- * packaged how.
- */
-export class OutputSpec {
-  /**
-   * @param {object} params
-   * @param {string} params.sourceKey - `torrent:<infohash>`, the canonical
-   *   identity of the torrent itself: a magnet and a `.torrent` file for the
- *   same content produce the same one (`utils/torrent-source-key.js`). Nothing
-   *   further is needed to say WHICH film this is.
-   * @param {string} params.segmentFormatId - fMP4 or MPEG-TS. Two viewers
-   *   asking for different containers cannot share one ffmpeg.
-   * @param {CutGrid} params.grid
-   * @param {VideoOutput | null} params.video
-   * @param {AudioOutput | null} params.audio
-   */
-  constructor({ sourceKey, segmentFormatId, grid, video = null, audio = null }) {
-    this.sourceKey = String(sourceKey ?? "");
-    this.segmentFormatId = String(segmentFormatId ?? "");
-    this.grid = grid;
-    this.video = video;
-    this.audio = audio;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * What this output carries, in the vocabulary the rest of the class uses.
-   *
-   * `muxed` is the one case where a session legitimately holds the parameters
-   * of two tracks: a browser that does not understand rendition groups must be
-   * sent its sound inside the picture's own stream.
-   *
-   * @returns {"video-only" | "audio-only" | "muxed" | "empty"}
-   */
-  get carries() {
-    if (this.video && this.audio) {
-      return "muxed";
-    }
-    if (this.video) {
-      return "video-only";
-    }
-    if (this.audio) {
-      return "audio-only";
-    }
-    return "empty";
-  }
-
-  /** @returns {boolean} */
-  get transcodesVideo() {
-    return this.video?.encode !== null && this.video?.encode !== undefined;
-  }
-
-  /** @returns {boolean} */
-  get transcodesAudio() {
-    return this.audio?.transcode === true;
-  }
-
-  /** @returns {boolean} */
-  get carriesAudioSeparately() {
-    return this.carries === "video-only";
-  }
-
-  /** @returns {number} */
-  get audioFileIndex() {
-    return this.audio?.fileIndex ?? -1;
-  }
-
-  /** @returns {number} */
-  get audioSourceTrackIndex() {
-    return this.audio?.trackIndex ?? 0;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The identity. Two outputs with the same one are the same output.
-   *
-   * @returns {string}
-   */
-  toKey() {
-    const parts = [this.sourceKey, `fmt=${this.segmentFormatId}`, this.grid.toKey(), this.carries];
-    if (this.video) {
-      parts.push(this.video.toKey());
-    }
-    if (this.audio) {
-      parts.push(this.audio.toKey());
-    }
-    return parts.join(":");
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The identity read back from its own key, or null for a key this version
-   * does not write.
-   *
-   * A directory of produced pieces names its output by the key it was made
-   * under, and that is the only record of what format lies inside it. A key in
-   * an older shape — one that named the box a viewer ASKED for rather than the
-   * format produced — cannot say that, so it answers null and the directory is
-   * not served.
-   *
-   * @param {string} key
-   * @returns {OutputSpec | null}
-   */
-  static fromKey(key) {
-    const match = KEY_PATTERN.exec(String(key ?? ""));
-    if (!match) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    const groups = match.groups;
-    const video = groups.video === undefined
-      ? null
-      : new VideoOutput({
-          fileIndex: Number(groups.videoFile),
-          encode: groups.video === "copy"
-            ? null
-            : {
-                encoder: groups.encoder,
-                width: Number(groups.width),
-                height: Number(groups.height),
-                fps: Number(groups.fps),
-                preset: groups.preset === "-" ? null : groups.preset,
-                tonemap: groups.tonemap === "tonemap",
-                rateControl: groups.vbv === "-"
-                  ? null
-                  : {
-                      maxrateKbps: Number(groups.maxrate),
-                      bufsizeKbps: Number(groups.bufsize),
-                      level: groups.level === "-" ? null : groups.level
-                    }
-              }
-        });
-    const audio = groups.audioFile === undefined
-      ? null
-      : new AudioOutput({
-          fileIndex: Number(groups.audioFile),
-          trackIndex: Number(groups.audioTrack),
-          transcode: groups.audioCodec === "aac"
-        });
-    const spec = new OutputSpec({
-      sourceKey: groups.source,
-      segmentFormatId: groups.format,
-      grid: new CutGrid({ kind: groups.grid === "kf" ? "keyframe" : "uniform", fileIndex: Number(groups.gridFile) }),
-      video,
-      audio
-    });
-    // Read back exactly or not at all: a key that parses into something that
-    // writes a different key is not a key this version made.
-    return spec.toKey() === key ? spec : null;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The name anybody outside this layer addresses the output by.
-   *
-   * A function of the identity above and of nothing else, so two requests that
-   * would produce the same bytes get the same name however far apart they
-   * arrive, and MANY VIEWERS OF ONE OUTPUT address one name by construction
-   * rather than because somebody arranged it.
-   *
-   * It used to be a fresh `randomUUID()` minted per session. That was a second
-   * name for a thing that already had one — a session is found by `toKey()`, so
-   * there is exactly one per output — and it said nothing the key did not. What
-   * it did do was hide the output's identity from everything outside: two lives
-   * of one output looked like two unrelated things, and no log could be
-   * followed across a restart.
-   *
-   * SHORT AND OPAQUE, so that whoever carries it can carry it whole: the key
-   * itself is a sentence with punctuation in it, and every carrier would have
-   * to agree on how to escape that. Sixteen characters of SHA-256 is about one
-   * chance in ten thousand of two outputs colliding after four billion of them,
-   * which is far beyond what one proxy produces.
-   *
-   * Nothing outside takes it apart, so its shape is ours: it is compared whole,
-   * and shortened only for a log line.
-   *
-   * @returns {string}
-   */
-  toName() {
-    return createHash("sha256").update(this.toKey()).digest("hex").slice(0, 16);
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Whether a string is a name this proxy minted.
- *
- * Here, beside the minting, because it is the same fact read backwards, and a
- * fact stated in two places is one that can disagree with itself. It did, the
- * day the name stopped being a uuid: the shape changed here while the guard
- * elsewhere still demanded 36 characters of hex and dashes, and every route
- * behind that guard would have refused every request.
- *
- * It is a guard and not only a test of form: a name reaching the filesystem
- * must not be able to carry a `/` or a `.`.
- *
- * @param {unknown} value
- * @returns {boolean}
- */
-export function isOutputName(value) {
-  return typeof value === "string" && /^[a-f0-9]{16}$/.test(value);
-}
+import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
+
+/**
+ * @file What a session PRODUCES, stated once and used as its identity.
+ *
+ * Three domain axes already have a home in this package: what a file states
+ * about itself (`container/`), what a track states about itself (`tracks/`),
+ * and what anybody wants off the swarm (`demand/`). This is the fourth — what
+ * we make out of them — and it had no home at all: the identity of a session
+ * was a `[...].join(":")` inside a 300-line function, with no name, no test and
+ * nothing printing it.
+ *
+ * The rule it exists to express, stated by the user 2026-09-03:
+ *
+ * > A session belongs to the tracks its output actually carries. Its key holds
+ * > those tracks' parameters and nothing else. Two sessions whose parameters
+ * > agree ARE the same session, and the encoded result is reused by definition.
+ *
+ * So reuse between viewers is not a feature built on top of this — it is what a
+ * correctly built key already means. A field of the REQUEST that does not
+ * change one byte of the output must not appear here; measured 2026-09-03, two
+ * viewers of one copied picture got two sessions whose output was identical
+ * byte for byte (`research/two-viewers-one-file-2026-09-03.md`).
+ *
+ * What deliberately does NOT appear:
+ *
+ * 1. the viewer, in any form. Not the consumer id, not where they started, not
+ *    their viewport. A viewer is not a property of the material;
+ * 2. the video track number. Only `0:v:0` is ever mapped, so the file names the
+ *    picture. Add it here the day a second video track can be chosen.
+ *
+ * A limit worth stating: two specs that agree name interchangeable output
+ * within ONE proxy. A copied picture's bytes depend only on the source, but a
+ * re-encoded one's depend on this host's encoder, its preset and its rate control —
+ * so this is not enough to reuse segments BETWEEN proxies (roadmap item 41).
+ */
+
+/**
+ * A rate control as an output states it, or null where there is none.
+ *
+ * @param {unknown} given
+ * @returns {{ maxrateKbps: number, bufsizeKbps: number, level: string | null } | null}
+ */
+function rateControlOf(given) {
+  if (!given || typeof given !== "object") {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const maxrateKbps = Number(given.maxrateKbps);
+  const bufsizeKbps = Number(given.bufsizeKbps);
+  if (!(Number.isInteger(maxrateKbps) && maxrateKbps > 0 && Number.isInteger(bufsizeKbps) && bufsizeKbps > 0)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  return {
+    maxrateKbps,
+    bufsizeKbps,
+    level: typeof given.level === "string" && /^[0-9.]+$/.test(given.level) ? given.level : null
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * The picture an output carries.
+ *
+ * ITS RATE CONTROL IS PART OF IT (roadmap item 97, step 10, decided with the
+ * user 2026-09-18 and 2026-09-23). A bitrate limit changes the bytes of every
+ * piece, so two limits are two outputs; it was once a runtime field of a
+ * shared output that the worst link among its viewers moved, which took a
+ * slow viewer's limit onto every viewer of that picture. The level the stream
+ * is declared at is part of it too: it is written into the header. It is the
+ * level of the NOMINAL output of this size, so every limit at one size writes
+ * the same header (`softwareRateControlFor`).
+ */
+export class VideoOutput {
+  /**
+   * @param {object} params
+   * @param {number} params.fileIndex - The file the picture is read from.
+   * @param {{ encoder: string, width: number, height: number, fps: number, preset: string | null, tonemap: boolean, rateControl?: { maxrateKbps: number, bufsizeKbps: number, level: string | null } | null } | null} params.encode
+   *   Null when the picture is copied — then the output is the source's own
+   *   picture and nothing asked for can change a byte of it. When it is
+   *   re-encoded, the FORMAT that is actually produced: which encoder, the
+   *   size, the frame rate, the speed setting and whether HDR is tone mapped
+   *   down. Each of those changes what a decoder must be told in the header,
+   *   so pieces that differ in any of them cannot share one init segment.
+   *
+   *   What was ASKED for is not here. The key used to carry the viewer's box
+   *   and whether it was to be produced exactly, while the budget chose the
+   *   real size afterwards — so one address could name two formats, and pieces
+   *   of both would be served under the header of one (decided with the user
+   *   2026-09-16).
+   */
+  constructor({ fileIndex, encode = null }) {
+    this.fileIndex = Number.isInteger(fileIndex) && fileIndex >= 0 ? fileIndex : 0;
+    this.encode = encode
+      ? {
+          encoder: typeof encode.encoder === "string" && encode.encoder.length > 0 ? encode.encoder : "unknown",
+          width: Number.isInteger(encode.width) && encode.width > 0 ? encode.width : 0,
+          height: Number.isInteger(encode.height) && encode.height > 0 ? encode.height : 0,
+          fps: Number.isFinite(encode.fps) && encode.fps > 0 ? encode.fps : 0,
+          preset: typeof encode.preset === "string" && encode.preset.length > 0 ? encode.preset : null,
+          tonemap: encode.tonemap === true,
+          // Null where nothing bounds the rate — a hardware encoder, which is
+          // given a quality figure and no `-maxrate` at all.
+          rateControl: rateControlOf(encode.rateControl)
+        }
+      : null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * How many points of picture this output carries, or zero for a copy, which
+   * is the source's own size and is compared by the caller that knows it.
+   *
+   * @returns {number}
+   */
+  get area() {
+    return this.encode ? this.encode.width * this.encode.height : 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  toKey() {
+    if (!this.encode) {
+      return `v=${this.fileIndex}/copy`;
+    }
+    const { encoder, width, height, fps, preset, tonemap, rateControl } = this.encode;
+    const rate = rateControl
+      ? `vbv=${rateControl.maxrateKbps}k-${rateControl.bufsizeKbps}k@${rateControl.level ?? "-"}`
+      : "vbv=-";
+    return `v=${this.fileIndex}/enc/${encoder}/${width}x${height}@${fps}/${preset ?? "-"}/${tonemap ? "tonemap" : "none"}/${rate}`;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The soundtrack an output carries.
+ */
+export class AudioOutput {
+  /**
+   * @param {object} params
+   * @param {number} params.fileIndex - The file the TRACK lives in, which for a
+   *   dub shipped beside the picture is not the picture's file.
+   * @param {number} params.trackIndex - `0:a:N` inside that file. The flat
+   *   number the browser sends spans the picture's own tracks and the files
+   *   beside it, and two flat numbers of two different pictures can name one
+   *   track; this is the number that cannot.
+   * @param {boolean} params.transcode - Re-encoded to AAC, or copied.
+   */
+  constructor({ fileIndex, trackIndex, transcode }) {
+    this.fileIndex = Number.isInteger(fileIndex) && fileIndex >= 0 ? fileIndex : 0;
+    this.trackIndex = Number.isInteger(trackIndex) && trackIndex >= 0 ? trackIndex : 0;
+    this.transcode = transcode === true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  toKey() {
+    return `a=${this.fileIndex}/${this.trackIndex}/${this.transcode ? "aac" : "copy"}`;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Where an output is cut.
+ *
+ * Both forms belong to a FILE and not to the session: the keyframe grid is that
+ * file's own keyframe times, and the uniform grid is derived from that file's
+ * duration. A soundtrack takes the grid of the picture it accompanies, so its
+ * grid names the picture's file — which is what makes two soundtrack sessions
+ * cut for two different pictures tell themselves apart.
+ */
+export class CutGrid {
+  /**
+   * @param {object} params
+   * @param {"keyframe" | "uniform"} params.kind
+   * @param {number} params.fileIndex - Whose keyframes, or whose duration.
+   */
+  constructor({ kind, fileIndex }) {
+    this.kind = kind === "keyframe" ? "keyframe" : "uniform";
+    this.fileIndex = Number.isInteger(fileIndex) && fileIndex >= 0 ? fileIndex : 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  toKey() {
+    return `grid=${this.kind === "keyframe" ? "kf" : "even"}@${this.fileIndex}`;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The shape `OutputSpec.toKey` writes, read back part by part.
+ */
+const KEY_PATTERN =
+  /^(?<source>.+):fmt=(?<format>[a-z0-9]+):grid=(?<grid>kf|even)@(?<gridFile>\d+):(?<carries>video-only|audio-only|muxed)(?::v=(?<videoFile>\d+)\/(?<video>copy|enc\/(?<encoder>[^/:]+)\/(?<width>\d+)x(?<height>\d+)@(?<fps>[0-9.]+)\/(?<preset>[^/:]+)\/(?<tonemap>tonemap|none)\/vbv=(?<vbv>-|(?<maxrate>\d+)k-(?<bufsize>\d+)k@(?<level>-|[0-9.]+))))?(?::a=(?<audioFile>\d+)\/(?<audioTrack>\d+)\/(?<audioCodec>aac|copy))?$/;
+
+/**
+ * One encode of one torrent's material: which tracks, in what form, cut how,
+ * packaged how.
+ */
+export class OutputSpec {
+  /**
+   * @param {object} params
+   * @param {string} params.sourceKey - `torrent:<infohash>`, the canonical
+   *   identity of the torrent itself: a magnet and a `.torrent` file for the
+ *   same content produce the same one (`utils/torrent-source-key.js`). Nothing
+   *   further is needed to say WHICH film this is.
+   * @param {string} params.segmentFormatId - fMP4 or MPEG-TS. Two viewers
+   *   asking for different containers cannot share one ffmpeg.
+   * @param {CutGrid} params.grid
+   * @param {VideoOutput | null} params.video
+   * @param {AudioOutput | null} params.audio
+   */
+  constructor({ sourceKey, segmentFormatId, grid, video = null, audio = null }) {
+    this.sourceKey = String(sourceKey ?? "");
+    this.segmentFormatId = String(segmentFormatId ?? "");
+    this.grid = grid;
+    this.video = video;
+    this.audio = audio;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * What this output carries, in the vocabulary the rest of the class uses.
+   *
+   * `muxed` is the one case where a session legitimately holds the parameters
+   * of two tracks: a browser that does not understand rendition groups must be
+   * sent its sound inside the picture's own stream.
+   *
+   * @returns {"video-only" | "audio-only" | "muxed" | "empty"}
+   */
+  get carries() {
+    if (this.video && this.audio) {
+      return "muxed";
+    }
+    if (this.video) {
+      return "video-only";
+    }
+    if (this.audio) {
+      return "audio-only";
+    }
+    return "empty";
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {boolean} */
+  get transcodesVideo() {
+    return this.video?.encode !== null && this.video?.encode !== undefined;
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {boolean} */
+  get transcodesAudio() {
+    return this.audio?.transcode === true;
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {boolean} */
+  get carriesAudioSeparately() {
+    return this.carries === "video-only";
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {number} */
+  get audioFileIndex() {
+    return this.audio?.fileIndex ?? -1;
+  }
+
+  /** @returns {number} */
+  get audioSourceTrackIndex() {
+    return this.audio?.trackIndex ?? 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The identity. Two outputs with the same one are the same output.
+   *
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  toKey() {
+    const parts = [this.sourceKey, `fmt=${this.segmentFormatId}`, this.grid.toKey(), this.carries];
+    if (this.video) {
+      parts.push(this.video.toKey());
+    }
+    if (this.audio) {
+      parts.push(this.audio.toKey());
+    }
+    return parts.join(":");
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The identity read back from its own key, or null for a key this version
+   * does not write.
+   *
+   * A directory of produced pieces names its output by the key it was made
+   * under, and that is the only record of what format lies inside it. A key in
+   * an older shape — one that named the box a viewer ASKED for rather than the
+   * format produced — cannot say that, so it answers null and the directory is
+   * not served.
+   *
+   * @param {string} key
+   * @returns {OutputSpec | null}
+   */
+  static fromKey(key) {
+    const match = KEY_PATTERN.exec(String(key ?? ""));
+    if (!match) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const groups = match.groups;
+    const video = groups.video === undefined
+      ? null
+      : new VideoOutput({
+          fileIndex: Number(groups.videoFile),
+          encode: groups.video === "copy"
+            ? null
+            : {
+                encoder: groups.encoder,
+                width: Number(groups.width),
+                height: Number(groups.height),
+                fps: Number(groups.fps),
+                preset: groups.preset === "-" ? null : groups.preset,
+                tonemap: groups.tonemap === "tonemap",
+                rateControl: groups.vbv === "-"
+                  ? null
+                  : {
+                      maxrateKbps: Number(groups.maxrate),
+                      bufsizeKbps: Number(groups.bufsize),
+                      level: groups.level === "-" ? null : groups.level
+                    }
+              }
+        });
+    const audio = groups.audioFile === undefined
+      ? null
+      : new AudioOutput({
+          fileIndex: Number(groups.audioFile),
+          trackIndex: Number(groups.audioTrack),
+          transcode: groups.audioCodec === "aac"
+        });
+    const spec = new OutputSpec({
+      sourceKey: groups.source,
+      segmentFormatId: groups.format,
+      grid: new CutGrid({ kind: groups.grid === "kf" ? "keyframe" : "uniform", fileIndex: Number(groups.gridFile) }),
+      video,
+      audio
+    });
+    // Read back exactly or not at all: a key that parses into something that
+    // writes a different key is not a key this version made.
+    return spec.toKey() === key ? spec : null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The name anybody outside this layer addresses the output by.
+   *
+   * A function of the identity above and of nothing else, so two requests that
+   * would produce the same bytes get the same name however far apart they
+   * arrive, and MANY VIEWERS OF ONE OUTPUT address one name by construction
+   * rather than because somebody arranged it.
+   *
+   * It used to be a fresh `randomUUID()` minted per session. That was a second
+   * name for a thing that already had one — a session is found by `toKey()`, so
+   * there is exactly one per output — and it said nothing the key did not. What
+   * it did do was hide the output's identity from everything outside: two lives
+   * of one output looked like two unrelated things, and no log could be
+   * followed across a restart.
+   *
+   * SHORT AND OPAQUE, so that whoever carries it can carry it whole: the key
+   * itself is a sentence with punctuation in it, and every carrier would have
+   * to agree on how to escape that. Sixteen characters of SHA-256 is about one
+   * chance in ten thousand of two outputs colliding after four billion of them,
+   * which is far beyond what one proxy produces.
+   *
+   * Nothing outside takes it apart, so its shape is ours: it is compared whole,
+   * and shortened only for a log line.
+   *
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  toName() {
+    return createHash("sha256").update(this.toKey()).digest("hex").slice(0, 16);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether a string is a name this proxy minted.
+ *
+ * Here, beside the minting, because it is the same fact read backwards, and a
+ * fact stated in two places is one that can disagree with itself. It did, the
+ * day the name stopped being a uuid: the shape changed here while the guard
+ * elsewhere still demanded 36 characters of hex and dashes, and every route
+ * behind that guard would have refused every request.
+ *
+ * It is a guard and not only a test of form: a name reaching the filesystem
+ * must not be able to carry a `/` or a `.`.
+ *
+ * @param {unknown} value
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+export function isOutputName(value) {
+  return typeof value === "string" && /^[a-f0-9]{16}$/.test(value);
+}