@timber-js/app 0.2.0-alpha.1 → 0.2.0-alpha.100

package/src/cache/singleflight.ts

@@ -3,24 +3,82 @@
  * execution. All callers receive the same result (or error).
  *
  * Per-process, in-memory. Each process coalesces independently.
+ *
+ * An optional `timeoutMs` prevents hung `fn()` calls from permanently
+ * blocking all future callers for that key. When set, `fn()` is raced
+ * against a timeout — if the timeout fires first, the promise rejects
+ * with `SingleflightTimeoutError`, `finally` cleans up the key, and
+ * subsequent callers can retry. See TIM-518.
  */
+
+export interface SingleflightOptions {
+  /** Maximum time (ms) a coalesced call may run before being rejected. */
+  timeoutMs?: number;
+}
+
 export interface Singleflight {
   do<T>(key: string, fn: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T>;
 }
 
-export function createSingleflight(): Singleflight {
+/**
+ * Error thrown when a singleflight call exceeds `timeoutMs`.
+ * Exported so callers can distinguish timeout from other errors.
+ */
+export class SingleflightTimeoutError extends Error {
+  constructor(key: string, timeoutMs: number) {
+    super(`Singleflight timeout: key "${key}" exceeded ${timeoutMs}ms`);
+    this.name = 'SingleflightTimeoutError';
+  }
+}
+
+export function createSingleflight(opts?: SingleflightOptions): Singleflight {
   const inflight = new Map<string, Promise<unknown>>();
+  const timeoutMs = opts?.timeoutMs;
 
   return {
     do<T>(key: string, fn: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
       const existing = inflight.get(key);
       if (existing) return existing as Promise<T>;
 
-      const promise = fn().finally(() => {
+      let promise: Promise<T>;
+
+      if (timeoutMs != null && timeoutMs > 0) {
+        // Race fn() against a timeout to prevent hung calls from
+        // permanently blocking the key. See TIM-518.
+        promise = new Promise<T>((resolve, reject) => {
+          const timer = setTimeout(
+            () => reject(new SingleflightTimeoutError(key, timeoutMs)),
+            timeoutMs
+          );
+          // Wrap in try/catch so a synchronous throw from fn()
+          // (e.g. argument validation) still clears the timer.
+          // Without this, the timer leaks until expiry.
+          try {
+            fn().then(
+              (value) => {
+                clearTimeout(timer);
+                resolve(value);
+              },
+              (err) => {
+                clearTimeout(timer);
+                reject(err);
+              }
+            );
+          } catch (err) {
+            clearTimeout(timer);
+            reject(err);
+          }
+        });
+      } else {
+        promise = fn();
+      }
+
+      const tracked = promise.finally(() => {
         inflight.delete(key);
       });
-      inflight.set(key, promise);
-      return promise;
+
+      inflight.set(key, tracked);
+      return tracked as Promise<T>;
     },
   };
 }

package/src/cache/sizeof.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/**
+ * Lightweight byte-size estimation for cache entries.
+ *
+ * Estimates the in-memory byte cost of a JavaScript value using
+ * JSON.stringify().length * 2 (UTF-16 char width). This is a rough
+ * approximation — it doesn't account for V8 object overhead, Map
+ * metadata, or non-serializable values — but it's fast and good
+ * enough for cache budget enforcement.
+ *
+ * Values that fail JSON serialization (circular references, BigInt,
+ * etc.) return 0, allowing the entry to be cached without counting
+ * toward the byte budget. This is a conservative choice: it's better
+ * to cache and undercount than to reject the entry.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Estimate the byte size of a value.
+ *
+ * Uses `JSON.stringify(value).length * 2` to approximate UTF-16
+ * in-memory size. Returns 0 if the value is not serializable.
+ */
+export function estimateByteSize(value: unknown): number {
+  try {
+    const json = JSON.stringify(value);
+    if (json === undefined) return 0;
+    // Each JS string character is 2 bytes (UTF-16)
+    return json.length * 2;
+  } catch {
+    return 0;
+  }
+}

package/src/cache/timber-cache.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,24 @@
-import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
 import type { CacheHandler, CacheOptions } from './index';
 import { stableStringify } from './stable-stringify';
 import { createSingleflight } from './singleflight';
-import { addSpanEvent } from '#/server/tracing.js';
+import { addSpanEventSync } from '../server/tracing.js';
+import { logSwrRefetchFailed } from '../server/logger.js';
+import { fnv1aHash } from './fast-hash.js';
 
-const singleflight = createSingleflight();
+const defaultSingleflight = createSingleflight();
 
 /**
- * Generate a SHA-256 cache key from function identity and serialized args.
+ * Generate a cache key from function identity and serialized args.
+ *
+ * Uses FNV-1a (fast non-crypto hash) instead of SHA-256. Cache keys don't
+ * need collision resistance — they need speed. The fnId prefix provides
+ * namespace isolation; the hash covers the args.
+ *
+ * See TIM-370 for perf motivation.
  */
 function defaultKeyGenerator(fnId: string, args: unknown[]): string {
   const raw = fnId + ':' + stableStringify(args);
-  return createHash('sha256').update(raw).digest('hex');
+  return fnId + ':' + fnv1aHash(raw);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -47,18 +54,25 @@ export function createCache<Fn extends (...args: any[]) => Promise<any>>(
   fn: Fn,
   opts: CacheOptions<Fn>,
   handler: CacheHandler
-): (...args: Parameters<Fn>) => Promise<Awaited<ReturnType<Fn>>> {
+): Fn {
   const fnId = `timber-cache:${fnIdCounter++}`;
+  const sf = opts.timeoutMs
+    ? createSingleflight({ timeoutMs: opts.timeoutMs })
+    : defaultSingleflight;
 
-  return async (...args: Parameters<Fn>): Promise<Awaited<ReturnType<Fn>>> => {
+  // Cast to Fn to preserve the original function's generic call signature.
+  // Without this, generic type parameters (e.g. <T> in apiFetch<T>) are
+  // erased and callers lose type safety on the return type.
+  return (async (...args: Parameters<Fn>): Promise<Awaited<ReturnType<Fn>>> => {
     const key = opts.key ? opts.key(...args) : defaultKeyGenerator(fnId, args);
 
     const cacheStart = performance.now();
     const cached = await handler.get(key);
 
     if (cached && !cached.stale) {
-      // Record as OTEL span event on enclosing span (not a child span)
-      await addSpanEvent('timber.cache.hit', {
+      // Record as OTEL span event on enclosing span (not a child span).
+      // Fire-and-forget — no microtask overhead on the cache hot path.
+      addSpanEventSync('timber.cache.hit', {
         key,
         duration_ms: Math.round(performance.now() - cacheStart),
       });
@@ -66,43 +80,41 @@ export function createCache<Fn extends (...args: any[]) => Promise<any>>(
     }
 
     if (cached && cached.stale && opts.staleWhileRevalidate) {
-      // Record stale cache hit as OTEL span event
-      await addSpanEvent('timber.cache.hit', {
+      // Record stale cache hit as OTEL span event (fire-and-forget).
+      addSpanEventSync('timber.cache.hit', {
         key,
         duration_ms: Math.round(performance.now() - cacheStart),
         stale: true,
       });
       // Serve stale immediately, trigger background refetch
-      singleflight
-        .do(`swr:${key}`, async () => {
-          try {
-            const fresh = await fn(...args);
-            const tags = resolveTags(opts, args);
-            await handler.set(key, fresh, { ttl: opts.ttl, tags });
-          } catch {
-            // Failed refetch — stale entry continues to be served.
-            // Error is swallowed per design doc: "Error is logged."
-          }
-        })
-        .catch(() => {
-          // Singleflight promise rejection handled — stale continues.
-        });
+      sf.do(`swr:${key}`, async () => {
+        try {
+          const fresh = await fn(...args);
+          const tags = resolveTags(opts, args);
+          await handler.set(key, fresh, { ttl: opts.ttl, tags });
+        } catch (err) {
+          // Failed refetch — stale entry continues to be served.
+          logSwrRefetchFailed({ cacheKey: key, error: err });
+        }
+      }).catch(() => {
+        // Singleflight promise rejection handled — stale continues.
+      });
       return cached.value as Awaited<ReturnType<Fn>>;
     }
 
     // Cache miss (or stale without SWR) — execute with singleflight
-    const result = await singleflight.do(key, () => fn(...args));
+    const result = await sf.do(key, () => fn(...args));
     const tags = resolveTags(opts, args);
     await handler.set(key, result, { ttl: opts.ttl, tags });
 
-    // Record cache miss as OTEL span event
-    await addSpanEvent('timber.cache.miss', {
+    // Record cache miss as OTEL span event (fire-and-forget).
+    addSpanEventSync('timber.cache.miss', {
       key,
       duration_ms: Math.round(performance.now() - cacheStart),
     });
 
     return result as Awaited<ReturnType<Fn>>;
-  };
+  }) as unknown as Fn;
 }
 
 /**

package/src/cli.ts

@@ -63,7 +63,12 @@ export interface ViteDeps {
 
 /**
  * Start the Vite dev server.
- * Middleware re-runs on file change via HMR wiring in timber-routing.
+ *
+ * The timber plugin binds the port immediately with a holding page
+ * (in rootSync's config hook) so browsers see a "starting..." page
+ * instead of ERR_CONNECTION_REFUSED during initialization.
+ *
+ * See design/21-dev-server.md, TIM-665.
  */
 export async function runDev(options: CommandOptions, _deps?: ViteDeps): Promise<void> {
   const createServer = _deps?.createServer ?? (await import('vite')).createServer;
@@ -105,9 +110,11 @@ export function resolvePreviewStrategy(
  * Returns the config object with adapter, output, etc.
  * Returns null if no config file is found.
  */
-async function loadTimberConfig(
-  root: string
-): Promise<{ adapter?: import('./adapters/types').TimberPlatformAdapter; output?: string } | null> {
+async function loadTimberConfig(root: string): Promise<{
+  adapter?: import('./adapters/types').TimberPlatformAdapter;
+  output?: string;
+  buildDir?: string;
+} | null> {
   const { existsSync } = await import('node:fs');
   const { join } = await import('node:path');
   const { pathToFileURL } = await import('node:url');
@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ async function loadTimberConfig(
  * Otherwise falls back to Vite's built-in preview server.
  */
 export async function runPreview(options: CommandOptions, _deps?: ViteDeps): Promise<void> {
-  const { join } = await import('node:path');
+  const { join, resolve } = await import('node:path');
 
   // Try to load timber config for adapter-specific preview
   const root = process.cwd();
@@ -139,7 +146,10 @@ export async function runPreview(options: CommandOptions, _deps?: ViteDeps): Pro
   const adapter = config?.adapter as import('./adapters/types').TimberPlatformAdapter | undefined;
 
   if (resolvePreviewStrategy(adapter) === 'adapter') {
-    const buildDir = join(root, 'dist');
+    // Resolve build directory: timber config > default .timber/dist
+    const buildDir = config?.buildDir
+      ? resolve(root, config.buildDir)
+      : join(root, '.timber', 'dist');
     const timberConfig = { output: (config?.output ?? 'server') as 'server' | 'static' };
     await adapter!.preview!(timberConfig, buildDir);
     return;

package/src/client/browser-dev.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * Dev-only browser helpers — server log replay and client error forwarding.
+ * Dev-only browser helpers — server log replay, client error forwarding,
+ * and compiling overlay.
  *
  * These are only active when import.meta.hot is available (Vite dev mode).
  * Extracted from browser-entry.ts to keep files under 500 lines.
@@ -100,6 +101,132 @@ export function setupServerLogReplay(hot: Pick<HotInterface, 'on'>): void {
   });
 }
 
+// ─── Compiling Overlay ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Compiling overlay state.
+ *
+ * A small non-blocking indicator in the bottom-left corner that shows
+ * "Compiling..." during HMR/module updates. Uses a 200ms debounce so
+ * near-instant updates never flash the indicator.
+ *
+ * The overlay is lazily created on first show and reused thereafter.
+ * All styles are inline — no external CSS dependency.
+ */
+
+let overlayEl: HTMLDivElement | null = null;
+let showTimeoutId: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
+let pendingUpdates = 0;
+
+/** Debounce delay before showing the overlay (ms). */
+const SHOW_DELAY_MS = 200;
+
+/**
+ * Get the effective debounce delay.
+ * Checks for a test override on `window.__timber_compiling_debounce`
+ * (number) to allow E2E tests to bypass the debounce.
+ */
+function getShowDelay(): number {
+  const win = window as unknown as { __timber_compiling_debounce?: number };
+  return typeof win.__timber_compiling_debounce === 'number'
+    ? win.__timber_compiling_debounce
+    : SHOW_DELAY_MS;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Lazily create the overlay DOM element.
+ * Appended to document.body with fixed positioning in the bottom-left.
+ */
+function getOrCreateOverlay(): HTMLDivElement {
+  if (overlayEl) return overlayEl;
+
+  const el = document.createElement('div');
+  el.setAttribute('data-timber-compiling-overlay', '');
+  Object.assign(el.style, {
+    position: 'fixed',
+    bottom: '16px',
+    left: '16px',
+    padding: '6px 12px',
+    background: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85)',
+    color: '#fff',
+    fontSize: '13px',
+    fontFamily:
+      '-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif',
+    fontWeight: '500',
+    borderRadius: '6px',
+    zIndex: '2147483647',
+    pointerEvents: 'none',
+    opacity: '0',
+    transition: 'opacity 150ms ease',
+    boxShadow: '0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3)',
+    lineHeight: '1',
+  });
+  el.textContent = 'Compiling…';
+  document.body.appendChild(el);
+  overlayEl = el;
+  return el;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signal that an HMR/module update has started.
+ *
+ * If an update is already tracked, this increments the counter.
+ * The overlay is shown after SHOW_DELAY_MS to avoid flashing
+ * for fast updates.
+ *
+ * When the delay is 0 (E2E test override), the overlay is shown
+ * synchronously to eliminate the race where hideCompilingOverlay()
+ * clears the show timeout before it fires.
+ */
+export function showCompilingOverlay(): void {
+  pendingUpdates++;
+  if (pendingUpdates === 1) {
+    const delay = getShowDelay();
+    if (delay <= 0) {
+      // Synchronous show — no setTimeout race with hideCompilingOverlay().
+      // Used by E2E tests to guarantee the overlay is visible before
+      // the async HMR refresh begins its network roundtrip.
+      const el = getOrCreateOverlay();
+      el.style.opacity = '1';
+    } else {
+      // Production path — debounce to avoid flashing for fast updates
+      showTimeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
+        showTimeoutId = null;
+        const el = getOrCreateOverlay();
+        el.style.opacity = '1';
+      }, delay);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signal that an HMR/module update has completed.
+ *
+ * When all pending updates are resolved, the overlay is hidden.
+ * If the overlay was never shown (update completed within the
+ * debounce window), the timeout is cleared — no visual flash.
+ *
+ * Test hook: if `window.__timber_hold_compiling_overlay` is true,
+ * the overlay stays visible. E2E tests use this to avoid a race
+ * where the RSC refresh completes between polling intervals,
+ * making the overlay impossible to observe.
+ */
+export function hideCompilingOverlay(): void {
+  const win = window as unknown as { __timber_hold_compiling_overlay?: boolean };
+  if (win.__timber_hold_compiling_overlay) return;
+
+  pendingUpdates = Math.max(0, pendingUpdates - 1);
+  if (pendingUpdates === 0) {
+    if (showTimeoutId !== null) {
+      clearTimeout(showTimeoutId);
+      showTimeoutId = null;
+    }
+    if (overlayEl) {
+      overlayEl.style.opacity = '0';
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // ─── Client Error Forwarding ────────────────────────────────────────
 
 /**
@@ -115,6 +242,10 @@ export function setupClientErrorForwarding(hot: Pick<HotInterface, 'send'>): voi
     if (!event.error && !event.message) return;
     // Skip errors during page unload — these are abort-related, not application errors
     if (isPageUnloading()) return;
+    // Skip framework signal digests (redirect/deny) — these are control-flow
+    // signals, not application errors. They should never surface as dev
+    // overlays even if they escape an error boundary. See TIM-838.
+    if (isFrameworkSignalError(event.error)) return;
 
     const error = event.error;
     hot.send('timber:client-error', {
@@ -129,6 +260,8 @@ export function setupClientErrorForwarding(hot: Pick<HotInterface, 'send'>): voi
     if (!reason) return;
     // Skip rejections during page unload — aborted fetches/streams cause these
     if (isPageUnloading()) return;
+    // Skip framework signal digests (redirect/deny). See TIM-838.
+    if (isFrameworkSignalError(reason)) return;
 
     const message = reason instanceof Error ? reason.message : String(reason);
     const stack = reason instanceof Error ? (reason.stack ?? '') : '';
@@ -140,3 +273,22 @@ export function setupClientErrorForwarding(hot: Pick<HotInterface, 'send'>): voi
     });
   });
 }
+
+/**
+ * Detect errors whose `digest` marks them as a framework control-flow signal
+ * (RedirectSignal, DenySignal). These must never surface as dev overlays —
+ * they are expected during navigation and are handled by the error boundary
+ * and router. Exported for tests.
+ */
+export function isFrameworkSignalError(error: unknown): boolean {
+  if (!error || typeof error !== 'object') return false;
+  const digest = (error as { digest?: unknown }).digest;
+  if (typeof digest !== 'string') return false;
+  try {
+    const parsed = JSON.parse(digest) as { type?: unknown } | null;
+    if (!parsed || typeof parsed !== 'object') return false;
+    return parsed.type === 'redirect' || parsed.type === 'deny';
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}

package/src/client/browser-entry/action-dispatch.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/**
+ * Server Action Dispatch — registers the callServer callback.
+ *
+ * When React encounters a server reference (from `'use server'` modules),
+ * it calls `callServer(id, args)` to dispatch the action to the server.
+ * The RSC plugin delegates to `globalThis.__viteRscCallServer` which is
+ * set by `setServerCallback`.
+ *
+ * The callback:
+ * 1. Serializes args via `encodeReply` (RSC wire format)
+ * 2. POSTs to the current URL with `Accept: text/x-component`
+ * 3. Decodes the RSC response stream
+ *
+ * See design/08-forms-and-actions.md §"Client-Side Form Mechanics"
+ */
+
+import { setServerCallback, encodeReply, createFromFetch } from '../../rsc-runtime/browser.js';
+import { getRouter } from '#client-internal';
+import { setHardNavigating } from '../navigation-root.js';
+import { isStaleClientReference, triggerStaleReload } from '../stale-reload.js';
+import { getClientDeploymentId, DEPLOYMENT_ID_HEADER, RELOAD_HEADER } from '../rsc-fetch.js';
+
+export function setupServerActions(): void {
+  setServerCallback(async (id: string, args: unknown[]) => {
+    const body = await encodeReply(args);
+
+    // Track the X-Timber-Revalidation header from the response.
+    // We intercept the fetch promise to read headers before createFromFetch
+    // consumes the body stream.
+    let hasRevalidation = false;
+    let hasRedirect = false;
+    let headElementsJson: string | null = null;
+
+    // Build action request headers. Include deployment ID for version
+    // skew detection (TIM-446) — the server rejects stale actions gracefully.
+    const actionHeaders: Record<string, string> = {
+      'Accept': 'text/x-component',
+      'x-rsc-action': id,
+    };
+    const actionDeploymentId = getClientDeploymentId();
+    if (actionDeploymentId) {
+      actionHeaders[DEPLOYMENT_ID_HEADER] = actionDeploymentId;
+    }
+
+    const response = fetch(window.location.href, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: actionHeaders,
+      body,
+    }).then((res) => {
+      // Version skew detection (TIM-446): if the server signals a reload,
+      // trigger a full page load to pick up the new deployment.
+      if (res.headers.get(RELOAD_HEADER) === '1') {
+        window.location.reload();
+        throw new Error('Version skew detected — reloading page');
+      }
+      hasRevalidation = res.headers.get('X-Timber-Revalidation') === '1';
+      hasRedirect = res.headers.get('X-Timber-Redirect') != null;
+      headElementsJson = res.headers.get('X-Timber-Head');
+      return res;
+    });
+
+    let decoded: unknown;
+    try {
+      decoded = await createFromFetch(response);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (isStaleClientReference(error)) {
+        triggerStaleReload();
+        // Return a never-resolving promise to prevent further processing
+        return new Promise(() => {});
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    // Handle redirect — server encoded the redirect location in the RSC stream
+    // instead of returning HTTP 302. Perform a client-side SPA navigation.
+    if (hasRedirect) {
+      const wrapper = decoded as { _redirect: string; _status: number };
+      try {
+        const router = getRouter();
+        void router.navigate(wrapper._redirect);
+      } catch {
+        // Router not yet initialized — fall back to full navigation.
+        // Set hard-navigating flag to prevent Navigation API interception
+        // and React from rendering during page teardown. See TIM-626.
+        setHardNavigating(true);
+        window.location.href = wrapper._redirect;
+      }
+      return undefined;
+    }
+
+    if (hasRevalidation) {
+      // Piggybacked response: wrapper object { _action, _tree }
+      // Apply the revalidated tree directly — no separate router.refresh() needed.
+      const wrapper = decoded as { _action: unknown; _tree: unknown };
+      try {
+        const router = getRouter();
+        const headElements = headElementsJson ? JSON.parse(headElementsJson) : null;
+        router.applyRevalidation(wrapper._tree, headElements);
+      } catch {
+        // Router not yet initialized — fall through
+      }
+      return wrapper._action;
+    }
+
+    // No piggybacked revalidation — refresh to pick up any mutations.
+    // This covers actions that don't call revalidatePath().
+    try {
+      const router = getRouter();
+      void router.refresh();
+    } catch {
+      // Router not yet initialized (rare edge case during bootstrap)
+    }
+
+    return decoded;
+  });
+}

package/src/client/browser-entry/hmr.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/**
+ * HMR & Dev Tooling — dev-only wiring for hot module replacement.
+ *
+ * Handles:
+ * - RSC module invalidation (rsc:update → router.refresh())
+ * - Dev warnings forwarded from server via WebSocket
+ * - Server console log replay in browser
+ * - Client error forwarding to Vite error overlay
+ *
+ * See design/21-dev-server.md §"HMR Wiring"
+ */
+
+import type { RouterInstance } from '#client-internal';
+import {
+  setupServerLogReplay,
+  setupClientErrorForwarding,
+  showCompilingOverlay,
+  hideCompilingOverlay,
+} from '../browser-dev.js';
+
+type HotApi = {
+  on(event: string, cb: (...args: unknown[]) => void): void;
+  send(event: string, data: unknown): void;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Set up HMR and dev tool integration.
+ *
+ * Reads `import.meta.hot` to register dev-only event listeners.
+ * In production builds, `import.meta.hot` is undefined and this
+ * function is a no-op.
+ */
+export function setupHmr(router: RouterInstance): void {
+  // Vite injects import.meta.hot in dev mode. Cast to access it without
+  // requiring vite/client types in the package tsconfig.
+  const hot = (import.meta as unknown as { hot?: HotApi }).hot;
+  if (!hot) return;
+
+  // ─── Compiling overlay: Vite client HMR updates ──────────────
+  // vite:beforeUpdate fires when Vite begins applying client-side
+  // module updates (React Fast Refresh, CSS hot update, etc.).
+  // vite:afterUpdate fires once all updates are applied.
+  hot.on('vite:beforeUpdate', () => {
+    showCompilingOverlay();
+  });
+  hot.on('vite:afterUpdate', () => {
+    hideCompilingOverlay();
+  });
+
+  // ─── RSC module invalidation ─────────────────────────────────
+  // rsc:update fires when a server component is edited.
+  // Show the compiling overlay while the RSC refresh is in flight.
+  hot.on('rsc:update', () => {
+    showCompilingOverlay();
+    void router.refresh().finally(() => {
+      hideCompilingOverlay();
+    });
+  });
+
+  // Listen for dev warnings forwarded from the server via WebSocket.
+  // See dev-warnings.ts — emitOnce() sends these via server.hot.send().
+  hot.on('timber:dev-warning', (data: unknown) => {
+    const warning = data as { level: string; message: string };
+    if (warning.level === 'error') {
+      console.error(warning.message);
+    } else {
+      console.warn(warning.message);
+    }
+  });
+
+  // Listen for server console logs forwarded via WebSocket.
+  // Replays them in the browser console with a [SERVER] prefix
+  // so developers can see server output without switching to the terminal.
+  // See plugins/dev-logs.ts.
+  setupServerLogReplay(hot);
+
+  // Forward uncaught client errors to the server for the dev overlay.
+  // The server source-maps the stack and sends it back via Vite's
+  // error overlay protocol. See dev-server.ts §client error listener.
+  setupClientErrorForwarding(hot);
+}