@theia/core 1.72.0-next.42 → 1.72.0-next.46

package/lib/node/backend-application.spec.js

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+"use strict";
+// *****************************************************************************
+// Copyright (C) 2026 EclipseSource and others.
+//
+// This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
+// terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 which is available at
+// http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0.
+//
+// This Source Code may also be made available under the following Secondary
+// Licenses when the conditions for such availability set forth in the Eclipse
+// Public License v. 2.0 are satisfied: GNU General Public License, version 2
+// with the GNU Classpath Exception which is available at
+// https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/license.html.
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR GPL-2.0-only WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+// *****************************************************************************
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+const tslib_1 = require("tslib");
+const chai_1 = require("chai");
+const sinon = require("sinon");
+const inversify_1 = require("inversify");
+const common_1 = require("../common");
+const promise_util_1 = require("../common/promise-util");
+const mock_logger_1 = require("../common/test/mock-logger");
+const node_stopwatch_1 = require("./performance/node-stopwatch");
+const process_utils_1 = require("./process-utils");
+const backend_application_1 = require("./backend-application");
+const cli_1 = require("./cli");
+/**
+ * Test subclass that exposes the protected `gracefulShutdown` for direct testing.
+ */
+let TestBackendApplication = class TestBackendApplication extends backend_application_1.BackendApplication {
+    invokeGracefulShutdown() {
+        return this.gracefulShutdown();
+    }
+};
+TestBackendApplication = tslib_1.__decorate([
+    (0, inversify_1.injectable)()
+], TestBackendApplication);
+// All process events on which `BackendApplication` installs listeners in its
+// constructor. We snapshot and restore them around each test to avoid leaking
+// listeners across tests (and triggering `MaxListenersExceededWarning`).
+const PROCESS_EVENTS = ['SIGINT', 'SIGTERM', 'SIGPIPE', 'exit', 'uncaughtException'];
+describe('BackendApplication', () => {
+    let sandbox;
+    let exitStub;
+    let savedListeners;
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        sandbox = sinon.createSandbox();
+        // Snapshot any existing listeners so we can restore after each test
+        // (BackendApplication installs its own as part of construction).
+        savedListeners = {};
+        for (const evt of PROCESS_EVENTS) {
+            savedListeners[evt] = [...process.listeners(evt)];
+            process.removeAllListeners(evt);
+        }
+        exitStub = sandbox.stub(process, 'exit');
+    });
+    afterEach(() => {
+        for (const evt of PROCESS_EVENTS) {
+            process.removeAllListeners(evt);
+            for (const listener of savedListeners[evt] ?? []) {
+                process.on(evt, listener);
+            }
+        }
+        sandbox.restore();
+    });
+    function createTestContainer() {
+        const container = new inversify_1.Container();
+        container.bind(backend_application_1.RootContainer).toConstantValue(container);
+        container.bind(common_1.ILogger).to(mock_logger_1.MockLogger).inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(common_1.Stopwatch).to(node_stopwatch_1.NodeStopwatch).inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(process_utils_1.ProcessUtils).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationCliContribution).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(cli_1.CliContribution).toService(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationCliContribution);
+        (0, common_1.bindContributionProvider)(container, backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution);
+        container.bind(TestBackendApplication).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplication).toService(TestBackendApplication);
+        return container;
+    }
+    describe('graceful shutdown', () => {
+        it('runs @preDestroy on root-scoped singletons before exiting with code 1', async () => {
+            let canaryDisposed = false;
+            let Canary = class Canary {
+                onPreDestroy() {
+                    canaryDisposed = true;
+                }
+            };
+            tslib_1.__decorate([
+                (0, inversify_1.preDestroy)(),
+                tslib_1.__metadata("design:type", Function),
+                tslib_1.__metadata("design:paramtypes", []),
+                tslib_1.__metadata("design:returntype", void 0)
+            ], Canary.prototype, "onPreDestroy", null);
+            Canary = tslib_1.__decorate([
+                (0, inversify_1.injectable)()
+            ], Canary);
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const canaryModule = new inversify_1.ContainerModule(bind => {
+                bind(Canary).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+            });
+            container.load(canaryModule);
+            container.get(Canary);
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(canaryDisposed, '@preDestroy was not invoked on root-scoped singleton').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1), 'process.exit(1) was not called exactly once').to.be.true;
+        });
+        it('is idempotent: a second invocation does not unbind the container twice', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(unbindSpy.callCount, 'unbindAllAsync should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.callCount, 'process.exit should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+        });
+        it('still exits if container cleanup rejects', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const cleanupError = new Error('cleanup boom');
+            sandbox.stub(container, 'unbindAllAsync').rejects(cleanupError);
+            const warnStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'warn');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1), 'process.exit(1) was not called').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(warnStub.calledOnce, 'a warning should be logged when cleanup rejects').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(warnStub.firstCall.args[0]).to.match(/cleanup boom/);
+        });
+        it('exits even when container cleanup hangs past the timeout', async () => {
+            const clock = sandbox.useFakeTimers();
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            sandbox.stub(container, 'unbindAllAsync').returns(new Promise(() => { }));
+            const warnStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'warn');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const shutdownPromise = app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            await clock.tickAsync(5001);
+            await shutdownPromise;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1), 'process.exit(1) was not called after timeout').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(warnStub.calledOnce, 'a warning should be logged on timeout').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(warnStub.firstCall.args[0]).to.match(/timed out/);
+        });
+        it('awaits async onStop contributions before unbinding the container', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const onStopDeferred = new promise_util_1.Deferred();
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => onStopDeferred.promise
+            });
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const shutdownPromise = app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(unbindSpy.called, 'unbindAllAsync should not run before onStop resolves').to.be.false;
+            onStopDeferred.resolve();
+            await shutdownPromise;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(unbindSpy.calledOnce, 'unbindAllAsync should run once onStop completes').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1)).to.be.true;
+        });
+        it('invokes onStop hooks while injected services are still resolvable', async () => {
+            let Helper = class Helper {
+                constructor() {
+                    this.value = 'still-bound';
+                }
+            };
+            Helper = tslib_1.__decorate([
+                (0, inversify_1.injectable)()
+            ], Helper);
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            container.bind(Helper).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+            let observed;
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => {
+                    observed = container.get(Helper).value;
+                }
+            });
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(observed, 'onStop should observe injected services that are still bound').to.equal('still-bound');
+        });
+        it('proceeds with shutdown when onStop hooks exceed the timeout', async () => {
+            const clock = sandbox.useFakeTimers();
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => new Promise(() => { })
+            });
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+            const warnStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'warn');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const shutdownPromise = app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            await clock.tickAsync(5001);
+            await shutdownPromise;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(warnStub.calledOnce, 'a warning should be logged on onStop timeout').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(warnStub.firstCall.args[0]).to.match(/Stopping backend contributions/);
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(unbindSpy.calledOnce, 'unbind should still run after onStop times out').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1)).to.be.true;
+        });
+        it('runs all contributions even when one onStop rejects', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            let secondRan = false;
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: async () => { throw new Error('boom'); }
+            });
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => { secondRan = true; }
+            });
+            const errorStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'error');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(secondRan, 'second contribution should still be stopped after first rejects').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(errorStub.calledWithMatch('Could not stop contribution')).to.be.true;
+        });
+        it('is idempotent when a contribution re-enters graceful shutdown', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            // Indirected through a holder so the contribution closure can refer to the
+            // application instance that is constructed after the binding is recorded.
+            const appHolder = {};
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => appHolder.current.invokeGracefulShutdown()
+            });
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+            appHolder.current = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await appHolder.current.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(unbindSpy.callCount, 'unbindAllAsync should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(exitStub.callCount, 'process.exit should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+        });
+    });
+    describe('process exit handler', () => {
+        it('does not re-invoke contributions after graceful shutdown ran them', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const onStopSpy = sandbox.spy();
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({ onStop: onStopSpy });
+            const terminateStub = sandbox.stub(process_utils_1.ProcessUtils.prototype, 'terminateProcessTree');
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const exitListener = process.listeners('exit')[0];
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(onStopSpy.callCount, 'contribution onStop should fire from gracefulShutdown').to.equal(1);
+            exitListener();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(onStopSpy.callCount, 'contribution onStop should not be invoked a second time').to.equal(1);
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(terminateStub.called, 'terminateProcessTree should be invoked by the exit handler').to.be.true;
+        });
+        it('invokes contributions synchronously when graceful shutdown was bypassed', () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const onStopSpy = sandbox.spy();
+            container.bind(backend_application_1.BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({ onStop: onStopSpy });
+            const terminateStub = sandbox.stub(process_utils_1.ProcessUtils.prototype, 'terminateProcessTree');
+            container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const exitListener = process.listeners('exit')[0];
+            exitListener();
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(onStopSpy.calledOnce, 'sync exit path should still invoke contributions').to.be.true;
+            (0, chai_1.expect)(terminateStub.called, 'terminateProcessTree should be invoked').to.be.true;
+        });
+    });
+});
+//# sourceMappingURL=backend-application.spec.js.map

package/lib/node/backend-application.spec.js.map

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package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@theia/core",
-  "version": "1.72.0-next.42+0bd5c7b25",
+  "version": "1.72.0-next.46+128342e9b",
   "description": "Theia is a cloud & desktop IDE framework implemented in TypeScript.",
   "main": "lib/common/index.js",
   "typings": "lib/common/index.d.ts",
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
     "@lumino/virtualdom": "^2.0.4",
     "@lumino/widgets": "2.7.5",
     "@parcel/watcher": "^2.5.6",
-    "@theia/application-package": "1.72.0-next.42+0bd5c7b25",
-    "@theia/request": "1.72.0-next.42+0bd5c7b25",
+    "@theia/application-package": "1.72.0-next.46+128342e9b",
+    "@theia/request": "1.72.0-next.46+128342e9b",
     "@types/body-parser": "^1.19.6",
     "@types/express": "^4.17.25",
     "@types/fs-extra": "^4.0.15",
@@ -221,5 +221,5 @@
   "nyc": {
     "extends": "../../configs/nyc.json"
   },
-  "gitHead": "0bd5c7b25cf6f444078681d4a24e263320b29907"
+  "gitHead": "128342e9ba53c273de5ef8a5bc9b93dbc0b931d4"
 }

package/src/browser/decorations-service.ts

@@ -148,6 +148,10 @@ class DecorationProviderWrapper {
             const request = new DecorationDataRequest(source, Promise.resolve(dataOrThenable).then(data => {
                 if (this.data.get(uri) === request) {
                     this.keepItem(uri, data);
+                    // Notify subscribers that a lazily-fetched decoration is now
+                    // available so renderers can re-query. Without this, decorations
+                    // dropped by event truncation never reach the UI.
+                    this.onDidChangeDecorationsEmitter.fire(this.decorations);
                 }
             }).catch(err => {
                 if (!(err instanceof Error && err.name === 'Canceled' && err.message === 'Canceled') && this.data.get(uri) === request) {

package/src/node/backend-application-module.ts

@@ -34,7 +34,10 @@ import {
     PreferenceProviderProvider,
     PreferenceProvider
 } from '../common';
-import { BackendApplication, BackendApplicationContribution, BackendApplicationCliContribution, BackendApplicationServer, BackendApplicationPath } from './backend-application';
+import {
+    BackendApplication, BackendApplicationContribution, BackendApplicationCliContribution,
+    BackendApplicationServer, BackendApplicationPath, RootContainer
+} from './backend-application';
 import { CliManager, CliContribution } from './cli';
 import { IPCConnectionProvider } from './messaging';
 import { ApplicationServerImpl } from './application-server';
@@ -87,6 +90,13 @@ export const backendApplicationModule = new ContainerModule(bind => {
     bind(CliContribution).toService(BackendApplicationCliContribution);
 
     bind(BackendApplication).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+    bind(RootContainer).toDynamicValue(({ container }) => {
+        let root = container;
+        while (root.parent) {
+            root = root.parent;
+        }
+        return root;
+    }).inSingletonScope();
     bindRootContributionProvider(bind, BackendApplicationContribution);
     // Bind the BackendApplicationServer as a BackendApplicationContribution
     // and fallback to an empty contribution if never bound.

package/src/node/backend-application.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+// *****************************************************************************
+// Copyright (C) 2026 EclipseSource and others.
+//
+// This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
+// terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 which is available at
+// http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0.
+//
+// This Source Code may also be made available under the following Secondary
+// Licenses when the conditions for such availability set forth in the Eclipse
+// Public License v. 2.0 are satisfied: GNU General Public License, version 2
+// with the GNU Classpath Exception which is available at
+// https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/license.html.
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR GPL-2.0-only WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
+// *****************************************************************************
+
+import { expect } from 'chai';
+import * as sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Container, ContainerModule, injectable, preDestroy } from 'inversify';
+import { bindContributionProvider, ILogger, Stopwatch } from '../common';
+import { Deferred } from '../common/promise-util';
+import { MockLogger } from '../common/test/mock-logger';
+import { NodeStopwatch } from './performance/node-stopwatch';
+import { ProcessUtils } from './process-utils';
+import {
+    BackendApplication,
+    BackendApplicationCliContribution,
+    BackendApplicationContribution,
+    RootContainer
+} from './backend-application';
+import { CliContribution } from './cli';
+
+/**
+ * Test subclass that exposes the protected `gracefulShutdown` for direct testing.
+ */
+@injectable()
+class TestBackendApplication extends BackendApplication {
+    public invokeGracefulShutdown(): Promise<void> {
+        return this.gracefulShutdown();
+    }
+}
+
+// All process events on which `BackendApplication` installs listeners in its
+// constructor. We snapshot and restore them around each test to avoid leaking
+// listeners across tests (and triggering `MaxListenersExceededWarning`).
+const PROCESS_EVENTS = ['SIGINT', 'SIGTERM', 'SIGPIPE', 'exit', 'uncaughtException'] as const;
+type ProcessEventName = typeof PROCESS_EVENTS[number];
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+type AnyListener = (...args: any[]) => void;
+
+describe('BackendApplication', () => {
+    let sandbox: sinon.SinonSandbox;
+    let exitStub: sinon.SinonStub;
+    let savedListeners: Partial<Record<ProcessEventName, AnyListener[]>>;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+        sandbox = sinon.createSandbox();
+
+        // Snapshot any existing listeners so we can restore after each test
+        // (BackendApplication installs its own as part of construction).
+        savedListeners = {};
+        for (const evt of PROCESS_EVENTS) {
+            savedListeners[evt] = [...process.listeners(evt as NodeJS.Signals)] as AnyListener[];
+            process.removeAllListeners(evt);
+        }
+
+        exitStub = sandbox.stub(process, 'exit');
+    });
+
+    afterEach(() => {
+        for (const evt of PROCESS_EVENTS) {
+            process.removeAllListeners(evt);
+            for (const listener of savedListeners[evt] ?? []) {
+                process.on(evt, listener);
+            }
+        }
+
+        sandbox.restore();
+    });
+
+    function createTestContainer(): Container {
+        const container = new Container();
+
+        container.bind(RootContainer).toConstantValue(container);
+
+        container.bind(ILogger).to(MockLogger).inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(Stopwatch).to(NodeStopwatch).inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(ProcessUtils).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(BackendApplicationCliContribution).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(CliContribution).toService(BackendApplicationCliContribution);
+        bindContributionProvider(container, BackendApplicationContribution);
+
+        container.bind(TestBackendApplication).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+        container.bind(BackendApplication).toService(TestBackendApplication);
+
+        return container;
+    }
+
+    describe('graceful shutdown', () => {
+
+        it('runs @preDestroy on root-scoped singletons before exiting with code 1', async () => {
+            let canaryDisposed = false;
+
+            @injectable()
+            class Canary {
+                @preDestroy()
+                protected onPreDestroy(): void {
+                    canaryDisposed = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const canaryModule = new ContainerModule(bind => {
+                bind(Canary).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+            });
+            container.load(canaryModule);
+            container.get(Canary);
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(canaryDisposed, '@preDestroy was not invoked on root-scoped singleton').to.be.true;
+            expect(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1), 'process.exit(1) was not called exactly once').to.be.true;
+        });
+
+        it('is idempotent: a second invocation does not unbind the container twice', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(unbindSpy.callCount, 'unbindAllAsync should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+            expect(exitStub.callCount, 'process.exit should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+        });
+
+        it('still exits if container cleanup rejects', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const cleanupError = new Error('cleanup boom');
+            sandbox.stub(container, 'unbindAllAsync').rejects(cleanupError);
+            const warnStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'warn');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1), 'process.exit(1) was not called').to.be.true;
+            expect(warnStub.calledOnce, 'a warning should be logged when cleanup rejects').to.be.true;
+            expect(warnStub.firstCall.args[0]).to.match(/cleanup boom/);
+        });
+
+        it('exits even when container cleanup hangs past the timeout', async () => {
+            const clock = sandbox.useFakeTimers();
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            sandbox.stub(container, 'unbindAllAsync').returns(new Promise<void>(() => { /* never */ }));
+            const warnStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'warn');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+
+            const shutdownPromise = app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            await clock.tickAsync(5001);
+            await shutdownPromise;
+
+            expect(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1), 'process.exit(1) was not called after timeout').to.be.true;
+            expect(warnStub.calledOnce, 'a warning should be logged on timeout').to.be.true;
+            expect(warnStub.firstCall.args[0]).to.match(/timed out/);
+        });
+
+        it('awaits async onStop contributions before unbinding the container', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const onStopDeferred = new Deferred<void>();
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => onStopDeferred.promise
+            });
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const shutdownPromise = app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(unbindSpy.called, 'unbindAllAsync should not run before onStop resolves').to.be.false;
+
+            onStopDeferred.resolve();
+            await shutdownPromise;
+
+            expect(unbindSpy.calledOnce, 'unbindAllAsync should run once onStop completes').to.be.true;
+            expect(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1)).to.be.true;
+        });
+
+        it('invokes onStop hooks while injected services are still resolvable', async () => {
+            @injectable()
+            class Helper {
+                readonly value = 'still-bound';
+            }
+
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            container.bind(Helper).toSelf().inSingletonScope();
+
+            let observed: string | undefined;
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => {
+                    observed = container.get(Helper).value;
+                }
+            });
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(observed, 'onStop should observe injected services that are still bound').to.equal('still-bound');
+        });
+
+        it('proceeds with shutdown when onStop hooks exceed the timeout', async () => {
+            const clock = sandbox.useFakeTimers();
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => new Promise<void>(() => { /* never */ })
+            });
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+            const warnStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'warn');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const shutdownPromise = app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            await clock.tickAsync(5001);
+            await shutdownPromise;
+
+            expect(warnStub.calledOnce, 'a warning should be logged on onStop timeout').to.be.true;
+            expect(warnStub.firstCall.args[0]).to.match(/Stopping backend contributions/);
+            expect(unbindSpy.calledOnce, 'unbind should still run after onStop times out').to.be.true;
+            expect(exitStub.calledOnceWith(1)).to.be.true;
+        });
+
+        it('runs all contributions even when one onStop rejects', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            let secondRan = false;
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: async () => { throw new Error('boom'); }
+            });
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => { secondRan = true; }
+            });
+            const errorStub = sandbox.stub(console, 'error');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(secondRan, 'second contribution should still be stopped after first rejects').to.be.true;
+            expect(errorStub.calledWithMatch('Could not stop contribution')).to.be.true;
+        });
+
+        it('is idempotent when a contribution re-enters graceful shutdown', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            // Indirected through a holder so the contribution closure can refer to the
+            // application instance that is constructed after the binding is recorded.
+            const appHolder: { current?: TestBackendApplication } = {};
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({
+                onStop: () => appHolder.current!.invokeGracefulShutdown()
+            });
+            const unbindSpy = sandbox.spy(container, 'unbindAllAsync');
+
+            appHolder.current = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            await appHolder.current.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+
+            expect(unbindSpy.callCount, 'unbindAllAsync should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+            expect(exitStub.callCount, 'process.exit should be called only once').to.equal(1);
+        });
+
+    });
+
+    describe('process exit handler', () => {
+
+        it('does not re-invoke contributions after graceful shutdown ran them', async () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const onStopSpy = sandbox.spy();
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({ onStop: onStopSpy });
+            const terminateStub = sandbox.stub(ProcessUtils.prototype, 'terminateProcessTree');
+
+            const app = container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const exitListener = process.listeners('exit')[0] as () => void;
+
+            await app.invokeGracefulShutdown();
+            expect(onStopSpy.callCount, 'contribution onStop should fire from gracefulShutdown').to.equal(1);
+
+            exitListener();
+
+            expect(onStopSpy.callCount, 'contribution onStop should not be invoked a second time').to.equal(1);
+            expect(terminateStub.called, 'terminateProcessTree should be invoked by the exit handler').to.be.true;
+        });
+
+        it('invokes contributions synchronously when graceful shutdown was bypassed', () => {
+            const container = createTestContainer();
+            const onStopSpy = sandbox.spy();
+            container.bind(BackendApplicationContribution).toConstantValue({ onStop: onStopSpy });
+            const terminateStub = sandbox.stub(ProcessUtils.prototype, 'terminateProcessTree');
+
+            container.get(TestBackendApplication);
+            const exitListener = process.listeners('exit')[0] as () => void;
+
+            exitListener();
+
+            expect(onStopSpy.calledOnce, 'sync exit path should still invoke contributions').to.be.true;
+            expect(terminateStub.called, 'terminateProcessTree should be invoked').to.be.true;
+        });
+
+    });
+
+});