@terreno/mcp 57.20.0 → 57.22.0

package/dist/docs/versioned/57.21.0/plans/2026-11-01-sqlite-mongoose-driver.md

@@ -0,0 +1,884 @@
+# SQLite support through a Mongoose driver (`@terreno/db-sqlite`), with a Postgres-ready engine
+
+Terreno is MongoDB-only today. Every app, test suite, and local checkout needs a `mongod`
+replica set, and the research from August concluded the same thing this plan starts from:
+there is no storage seam anywhere in the framework. Consumers author Mongoose schemas and
+call Mongoose everywhere, from `modelRouter` down to one-off scripts, and so do the
+framework packages themselves. This plan adds SQLite as a second database without asking
+anyone to change how they write models, queries, plugins, or tests. It replaces the
+MongoDB wire driver underneath Mongoose with a driver that stores each collection as a SQLite
+table with one typed column per schema path,
+proves compatibility with a differential test suite that runs every kind of query against
+real MongoDB and SQLite side by side, runs the entire existing live-server test suite on
+SQLite, and keeps every SQL-specific choice behind a dialect boundary so a PostgreSQL
+dialect is a later addition, not a rewrite. Small apps, local development, CI, and anyone
+who does not want to run Atlas feel the difference first.
+
+## The idea
+
+Mongoose has a pluggable driver layer (`mongoose.setDriver`). The driver is the object
+Mongoose calls for every collection operation: `insertMany`, `find`, `findOne`,
+`findOneAndUpdate`, `updateOne`, `updateMany`, `deleteOne`, `deleteMany`, `bulkWrite`,
+`countDocuments`, `distinct`, `aggregate`, `createIndex`, `listIndexes`, `dropIndex`, and
+`watch`. Everything above that layer, which is schemas, casting, validation, defaults,
+hooks, plugins, statics, virtuals, `populate`, `doc.save()`, optimistic concurrency, and
+`strict: "throw"`, is pure JavaScript that keeps running unchanged. A new package,
+`@terreno/db-sqlite`, implements that driver over SQLite. `TerrenoApp` owns the connection
+(Q11), so a consumer switches databases by changing a connection string:
+
+```typescript
+import {TerrenoApp} from "@terreno/api";
+
+const app = new TerrenoApp({
+  userModel: User,
+  databaseUri: process.env.MONGO_URI, // "sqlite://./data/app.db" or "mongodb://..."
+})
+  .register(todoRouter)
+  .start(); // installs the SQLite driver when the scheme is sqlite:, then connects
+```
+
+Code that connects on its own (legacy `setupServer` apps, scripts, test preloads) calls
+`installSqliteDriver({uri})` from `@terreno/db-sqlite` before `mongoose.connect`, or the
+exported `connectDatabase({uri})` from `@terreno/api`, which does both. A Mongo app that never
+sets a `sqlite:` URI keeps Mongoose's native driver untouched; `@terreno/db-sqlite` is an
+optional peer it never needs to install.
+
+Each collection is a table with one typed column per scalar schema path (`String` →
+`TEXT`, `Number` → `REAL`, `Boolean` → `INTEGER`, `Date` → `INTEGER` milliseconds,
+`ObjectId` → `TEXT`), one JSON column per array, subdocument-array, `Mixed`, or `Map` path,
+and an `_extra` JSON column that losslessly holds whatever the typed columns cannot: paths
+no schema declares, explicit `null`, and values whose runtime type does not fit the column
+(Q3, relational columns). Reads merge the columns and `_extra`, so a document always comes
+back exactly as it was written, and Mongoose's own casting then behaves as it does on Mongo.
+Schema changes are DDL: new paths add columns (backfilled from `_extra`), removed paths
+leave an orphaned column, and type changes rebuild the column without converting any stored
+value, automatically in development and through `terreno-migrate reconcile` in production; the schema-change suite (T16) proves every case against Mongo. Plain B-tree indexes
+sit on the typed columns, so filters on schema paths compile to ordinary `WHERE` clauses
+and use them. Any predicate the compiler cannot express, and any row whose value spilled to
+`_extra`, runs through a residual JavaScript match on the SQL candidates, so no supported
+operator is ever evaluated wrongly, only sometimes more slowly, and the conformance suite
+asserts which operators compile fully. Updates run as a read-modify-write inside a
+`BEGIN IMMEDIATE` transaction, which SQLite serializes, so `findOneAndUpdate` stays atomic. Unique indexes raise the same
+`code: 11000` error shape the framework packages already catch in eleven source files.
+
+Mongo-only capabilities (change streams, multi-document sessions, pipeline updates, Atlas
+`$search`) are declared on the connection. Framework features that need them fail fast at
+registration with an error that names the capability. Because a SQLite file lives on one
+instance, an in-process change feed emitted after every commit is a complete substitute
+for change streams on SQLite as long as the server process is the only writer, which lets
+`RealtimeApp` and the syncdb server protocol work there too (Q2). Writes from another
+process on the same file (the standalone `jobs:worker`, the `terreno-migrate` CLI, a script)
+are not broadcast; clients see them on their next snapshot. The plan documents that limit,
+logs it at `register`, and leaves a WAL-polling feed for multi-process SQLite to X2.
+
+Every SQL-specific decision sits behind a `Dialect` interface (column types, DDL, JSON
+path extraction, array containment, regex, upsert, placeholders) and an async
+`DriverHandle` interface (`bun:sqlite`, `node:sqlite`, injected handles). A Postgres dialect
+(native column types, `JSONB` for the JSON columns and `_extra`) is the same engine with a
+second dialect and a third column in the conformance suite; because the package is named
+for SQLite (Q4), that step also extracts the dialect-agnostic engine into a shared core
+package and publishes `@terreno/db-postgres` beside it (X1).
+
+Rejected alternatives are compared below in **Approaches**. The closest one, the
+`DatabaseAdapter` seam under `modelRouter` approved in August
+(`docs/implementationPlans/pluggable-database-sqlite.md`), is superseded: it only ports the
+framework's own CRUD path, and the inventory shows that every backend package and every
+consumer calls Mongoose directly outside `modelRouter`.
+
+## Approaches
+
+The request asks for options with the least impact on people using Terreno. Impact is
+measured on three groups: app developers (model and query code), framework packages
+(`ai`, `jobs`, `comms`, `admin-backend`, `feature-flags`, `announcements`), and the
+upgrade (what a 57.x app changes to run on SQLite).
+
+| | A. Mongoose driver (recommended) | B. Adapter seam under modelRouter (Aug 2026 IP) | C. Mongo wire-protocol proxy over SQL (FerretDB-style) | D. New schema DSL or SQL ORM (Drizzle, Prisma) |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| App code change | None. One connection string. Every `Model.find`, hook, plugin, script works | Every direct Mongoose call outside `modelRouter` must move to the adapter API; plugins with query middleware re-implemented | None, but a second server process per environment | Every model file rewritten; codemod plus a long dual-API period |
+| Framework packages | Work through the same driver; certification is running their suites with `TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite` (T29) | Each package ported by hand (210 files under `api/src` and 101 under `ai/src` import Mongoose, tests included) | None | All rewritten |
+| Mongoose stays | Yes, as schema DSL and runtime API | Yes, as DSL; runtime API only through the adapter | Yes, unchanged | No |
+| Legacy JWT auth (`passport-local-mongoose`) | Works (it is Mongoose statics and `save`) | Mongo-only | Works | Rewritten |
+| Realtime and syncdb server | In-process change feed on SQLite (Q2); outbox later for multi-instance Postgres | Mongo-only in v1 | Depends on proxy support; FerretDB has no change streams on SQLite | Rewritten |
+| Where the risk lives | Mongo semantics long tail inside one engine, pinned by a differential suite; Mongoose driver contract is undocumented | Semantic drift between two code paths (framework CRUD on adapter, everything else on Mongo) | External dependency; FerretDB 2.x dropped SQLite (Postgres-only via DocumentDB extension); not embeddable for tests | Highest; abandons the Mongoose ecosystem |
+| Postgres path | Second dialect (native columns, JSONB) of the same engine, published as `@terreno/db-postgres` over a shared core (X1) | Second adapter, re-implementing CRUD, populate, plugins | FerretDB 2 on Postgres is the product's main mode | Native to the ORM |
+| Framework effort | Largest single component (query compiler, update engine, indexes) but a bounded, enumerated surface: 22 collection methods, the operator inventory below | Medium, but open-ended: every Mongo-ism a package uses needs an adapter method | Smallest | Largest overall |
+
+A is recommended because it is the only option where "least impact" holds for all three
+groups at once, and because the surface it must implement is finite and already
+inventoried. C is worth a separate evaluation as a zero-code Postgres stopgap (X9) but
+cannot serve SQLite, local development, or `bun test`.
+
+## The plan
+
+| # | Task | Depends on | Lands in | Proves it |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| T1 | Write the e2e guide | none | docs | Roast reads `docs/testing/e2e.md` against the layers in use |
+| T2 | `@terreno/db-sqlite` package + Mongoose SQLite driver tracer (connect, insert, find) | none | db-sqlite | `cd db-sqlite && bun test src/driver/tracer.test.ts` |
+| T3 | Differential conformance harness (Mongo vs SQLite) | T2 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/harness.test.ts` |
+| T4 | Driver handles, URIs, pragmas, connection lifecycle | T2 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/handles` |
+| T5 | Column map, column codec, and JSON codec | T2 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/schema db-sqlite/src/codec.test.ts` |
+| T6 | Filter compiler with residual JS matching | T3 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query` |
+| T7 | Cursor, read methods, projection, sort, distinct, counts | T6 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/read` |
+| T8 | Insert, delete, replace writes and write-error shapes | T6 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/insertDelete` |
+| T9 | Update operator engine and `findOneAnd*` | T6, T8 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/update` |
+| T10 | `bulkWrite` | T8, T9 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/bulk` |
+| T11 | Indexes: create, list, drop, unique, sparse, partial, `syncIndexes` | T7, T8, T9 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/indexes` |
+| T12 | TTL expiry sweeper | T11 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/indexes/ttl.test.ts` |
+| T13 | `aggregate`: SQL prefix plus in-memory remainder | T7 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/aggregate` |
+| T14 | Capabilities, `connection.db` shim, sessions, admin commands | T4 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/driver/db.test.ts` |
+| T15 | Randomized differential fuzzing | T7, T9 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/conformance/fuzz` |
+| T16 | Schema, column, and index change suite (DDL reconciliation), `terreno-migrate` on SQLite | T11, T12, T3, T4, T14, T30 | db-sqlite, api | `bun test db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges` and `bun test api/src/isolated/migrateCliSqlite.isolated.ts` |
+| T17 | `@terreno/api` capability gating and database-kind helpers | T14, T7, T19 | api | `bun test api/src/db` |
+| T30 | `TerrenoApp` owns the database connection (`databaseUri`) | T4, T17, T19 | api | `bun test api/src/db/connect.test.ts api/src/terrenoApp.database.test.ts` |
+| T18 | Better Auth on SQLite | T14, T9, T7, T19 | api | `bun test api/src/betterAuthSqlite.integration.test.ts` |
+| T19 | `@terreno/test` SQLite mode | T14, T11 | test | `bun test test/src/preload` |
+| T20 | Whole `@terreno/api` suite green on SQLite | T19, T10, T12, T13, T15, T16, T17, T18 | api, db-sqlite | `cd api && bun run test:sqlite` |
+| T21 | example-backend boots and serves on `sqlite://` | T1, T17, T18, T11, T7, T30, T19 | example-backend | `bun test example-backend/src/sqliteBoot.integration.test.ts` |
+| T22 | example-backend suite and Playwright subset on SQLite | T21, T19, T1 | example-backend, example-frontend | `cd example-backend && bun run test:sqlite`; `cd example-frontend && bunx playwright test -c playwright.sqlite.config.ts` |
+| T29 | Framework package suites green on SQLite (admin-backend, jobs, comms, feature-flags, announcements) | T20 | admin-backend, jobs, comms, feature-flags, announcements, db-sqlite | `bun run <pkg>:test:sqlite` for each |
+| T23 | Driver change feed (post-commit events) | T10, T12, T14, T20 | db-sqlite | `bun test db-sqlite/src/driver/changeFeed.test.ts` |
+| T24 | `ChangeSource` seam in realtime; in-process source on SQLite | T23, T17 | api | `bun test api/src/realtime` on both DB kinds |
+| T25 | Sync server on SQLite (seq claim without pipeline updates) | T24, T9, T11 | api | `TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite bun test api/src/sync/integration.test.ts` |
+| T26 | Synced Todos end to end on SQLite | T25, T22 | example-backend, example-frontend | `bunx playwright test -c playwright.sqlite.config.ts syncdb` |
+| T27 | CI jobs, prepush mapping, publish workflow, policy configs, dialect-boundary check | T15, T20, T22, T26, T29 | repo | `bun run prepush --dry-run` lists the new jobs; `bun run check:db-sqlite-dialect-boundary`; CircleCI green |
+| T28 | Docs, changelog, upgrade note, scaffolding templates | T21, T26, T29 | docs, mcp-server, create-terreno-app | `bun run check:changelog`, `bun run check:upgrade-docs`, docs-audit skill |
+
+Tracer: `installSqliteDriver({uri})` then `mongoose.connect("sqlite://...")`; `Todo.create()` then `Todo.findById()` returns the same document from a SQLite table with one typed column per schema path, under `bun test`.
+E2E: 6 rows (4 http, 1 browser config over existing specs, 1 process); see `## E2E tests`.
+Regression: None — no hard-to-automate change.
+User guide: None — no user-visible change (backend library; app screens are unchanged).
+Design: None — backend-only, no screens.
+Postgres readiness: proven, not assumed. Every SQLite-specific token lives under `db-sqlite/src/dialect/sqlite.ts` and `db-sqlite/src/handles/` (enforced by `check:db-sqlite-dialect-boundary`, T27); the compiler, column DDL, and index DDL run against a test-only Postgres-flavoured fake dialect (T6, T11, T16); the handle interface is async; column types are chosen by the dialect; and the on-disk format carries a version (T2) so a Postgres layout can migrate. The package split (shared engine core plus `@terreno/db-postgres`) is X1.
+Out of scope: Postgres dialect and the engine-core package split, outbox change feed for multi-instance SQL, SAVEPOINT sessions, certifying `ai` on SQLite (needs sessions and change streams), Mongo-to-SQLite data migration, FTS search (see Expansions).
+Open risks: the long tail of MongoDB semantics (BSON type ordering in sort, null versus missing, array-field matching, dotted paths through arrays) is where Mongo semantics on SQL diverge; the differential suite and fuzzing exist to find these before users do, and each known divergence is documented in the capability matrix. The relational layout makes every schema change a DDL change: additive changes reconcile automatically and losslessly at model init, column rebuilds (type changes) are automatic in development and explicit in production (`reconcile` policy, `terreno-migrate reconcile`), no DDL ever converts a stored value, and T16 proves each case against Mongo; the cost is a reconciliation step the document store would not have needed, and a unique index cannot cover a value whose type does not fit its column (recorded as a known divergence, T11). The api suite runs twice in CI (Mongo and SQLite), adding roughly one api job's wall time per PR (Q9). A SQLite file holds data at rest on the instance's disk (PHI for Flourish-style apps): T4 creates it `0600` and T28 documents disk encryption and `VACUUM INTO` backups; there is no at-rest encryption inside the driver.
+Elephant: Mongoose's driver contract is undocumented (its `lib/drivers/SPEC.md` is literally "TODO"), so every Mongoose minor bump can change which collection methods and options Mongoose calls. We pin Mongoose in the catalog, add a drift test that enumerates the methods Mongoose core invokes, and run the conformance suite on every bump, but Terreno owns that compatibility forever.
+
+## Contracts
+
+### Public API (`@terreno/db-sqlite` and `@terreno/api`)
+
+| Export | Shape | Notes |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `installSqliteDriver(options)` | `({uri: string; mongoose?: Mongoose; handle?: DriverHandle; ttlSweepIntervalMs?: number; reconcile?: "additive" \| "full" \| "check"; log?: Logger}) => {installed: boolean}` | When `uri` has the `sqlite:` scheme, calls `setDriver` on the given Mongoose instance (default: the shared `mongoose` import) and returns `{installed: true}`; for any other scheme returns `{installed: false}` and leaves the native driver in place. Idempotent. Must run before that instance connects (Mongoose refuses `setDriver` on an open connection). The driver is per Mongoose instance, so an app's default instance runs one database kind; a second `new Mongoose()` instance can run the other, which is how the differential harness runs both in one test process. |
+| `sqliteUri(path, options?)` | `(path: string, {mode?: "rwc" | "ro" | "memory"}) => string` | Builds `sqlite://./data/app.db?mode=rwc`; `sqlite::memory:` for in-memory |
+| `getDatabaseCapabilities(connection?)` | `(c?: mongoose.Connection) => DatabaseCapabilities` | `{kind: "mongodb" | "sqlite"; changeStreams; changeFeed: "changeStreams" | "inProcess" | "none"; transactions; pipelineUpdates; textSearch; ttlIndexes: "native" | "sweeper"}` |
+| `UnsupportedCapabilityError` | `extends Error {capability: keyof DatabaseCapabilities; operation: string}` | Thrown by `watch`, `startSession`, pipeline updates, `$search`, `$text` |
+| `DriverHandle` | `interface {exec(sql): Promise<void>; run(sql, params): Promise<{changes: number}>; all(sql, params): Promise<Row[]>; get(sql, params): Promise<Row | undefined>; transaction<T>(fn: () => Promise<T>, options: {write: boolean}): Promise<T>; createFunction?(name, fn, options: {deterministic: boolean}): void; close(): Promise<void>; kind: "bun:sqlite" | "node:sqlite" | "better-sqlite3" | "custom"}` | Async even though SQLite is synchronous, so a Postgres handle fits later. The dialect, not the handle, chooses the `BEGIN` statement for `write: true` (`BEGIN IMMEDIATE` on SQLite). `createFunction` registers the `terreno_regex` user-defined function when the handle supports it (`bun:sqlite` and `node:sqlite` both do). |
+| `Dialect` (internal, exported for tests) | `{columnType(schemaType), createTable(name, columns), addColumn(table, column), dropColumn(table, column), tableInfo(table), columnExpr(column), jsonPathExpr(column, path), jsonTypeExpr(column, path), arrayEach(column, path), regexPredicate(expr, pattern, flags) | null, beginWrite(), upsert(...), placeholder(i), supportsReturning, indexDdl(spec)}` | One real implementation now: `sqliteDialect`. A test-only `fakePostgresDialect` (`TEXT`/`DOUBLE PRECISION`/`BOOLEAN`/`TIMESTAMPTZ`/`BYTEA`/`JSONB` column types, `col #>> '{a,b}'` style JSON paths, `$1` placeholders, `~` regex) runs through the compiler, column DDL, and index DDL in T6, T11, and T16 to prove nothing outside the dialect assumes SQLite. |
+| `@terreno/api`: `connectDatabase(options)` | `({uri: string; dbName?: string; mongoose?: Mongoose}) => Promise<{kind: "mongodb" | "sqlite"; connection: mongoose.Connection}>` | T30. Installs the SQLite driver for `sqlite:` URIs (loading `@terreno/db-sqlite` as an optional peer) and connects; the one place `@terreno/api` references `@terreno/db-sqlite`, resolved at runtime |
+| `@terreno/api`: `installDriverForUri(options)`, `databaseKindFromUri(uri)` | `({uri; mongoose?}) => {installed: boolean}`; `(uri) => "mongodb" | "sqlite"` | T30. Synchronous, so `TerrenoApp.build()` can gate capabilities before any connection opens |
+| `@terreno/api`: `TerrenoAppOptions.databaseUri`, `databaseName` | `string`, `string?` | T30. When set, `build()` installs the driver, `start()` connects after binding `PORT`, and `whenReady()` resolves after the connection is open. Absent → the app connects itself, as every 57.x app does |
+| `_terreno_meta` | table `(key TEXT PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)` with `format_version` | Written on first open (T2); a file with a newer or unknown `format_version` is refused with a clear error (T4), so X1/X5 have a migration hook |
+| `_terreno_columns` | table `(collection, path, schema_type, column, orphaned INTEGER, spilled_rows INTEGER)` | The column map as last reconciled (T2, T16); `listOrphanedColumns()` and `dropOrphanedColumns()` on `connection.getClient()` read and act on it |
+| `createDriverChangeFeed(connection)` | `(c) => AsyncIterable<ChangeEvent> & {close()}` | Q2. Events shaped like change-stream events |
+
+### Storage layout (SQLite)
+
+| Thing | SQL |
+| --- | --- |
+| Collection `todos` with schema `{title: String, done: Boolean, ownerId: ObjectId, due: Date, tags: [String]}` | `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "todos" ("_id" TEXT PRIMARY KEY, "__v" INTEGER, "title" TEXT, "done" INTEGER, "ownerId" TEXT, "due" INTEGER, "tags" TEXT, "_nulls" TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '[]', "_extra" TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}' CHECK (json_valid("_extra")))` (JSON columns carry no per-column `CHECK`: the codec guarantees validity, and a `CHECK` would block `ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN` during a rebuild) |
+| Scalar schema path | one typed column named by the dotted path (`"meta.a"` for a scalar inside a plain subdocument); types per the column codec table below |
+| Array, subdocument array, `Mixed`, `Map` path | one JSON column per top-level path, encoded with the JSON codec below |
+| `_nulls` | JSON array of the paths whose value is an explicit `null` in this row (the typed column is NULL either way). `{a: null}` queries match NULL columns, which is Mongo's null-or-missing semantics with no residual; `$exists: false` adds `NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM json_each("_nulls") WHERE value = 'a')`; `$type: "null"` adds the `EXISTS` form |
+| `_extra` | JSON column holding what the typed columns cannot: paths no schema on the collection declares (`strict: false`, legacy fields, raw `connection.collection()` writes) and values whose runtime type does not fit the column's schema type (the column is NULL and `_extra` holds the codec-tagged value, so a string stored in a Number path reads back as that string and Mongoose casts it exactly as it would on Mongo). `_extra` is a nested JSON object, never a map of dotted keys: a value for `meta.a` is stored at `_extra.meta.a`, so the JSON path `'$."meta"."a"'` (each segment quoted by the `Dialect`) addresses it in every spill clause, recount, backfill, and `json_remove`; removing the last key under a parent also removes the emptied parent object, so a read never gains an empty `meta: {}`. Reads merge columns, `_nulls`, and `_extra`. A collection with no model has `_id`, `_nulls`, and `_extra` only and behaves as a document store |
+| Spill tracking | `_terreno_columns.spilled_rows` counts, per typed path, the rows whose value for that path lives in `_extra`. Every write path maintains it inside its transaction (inserts and updates know what they spilled; deletes and replacements read the old `_extra` with `RETURNING`), and `reconcileSchema` recounts it at `Model.init()` (`SELECT COUNT(*) ... WHERE json_type("_extra", '$.p') IS NOT NULL` per path). The compiler reads it: a path with `spilled_rows = 0` compiles to pure column SQL with no residual, so indexes, `ORDER BY`, and `LIMIT` are used; a path with spills gets the `_extra` clause and the residual. Type mismatches are rare (legacy data, raw writes), so the common case is pure SQL |
+| `_id` | canonical key string (`ObjectId` hex, or the string `_id` as-is) |
+| Column map | the union of every model registered on the collection name on the connection (discriminators share the table and the discriminator key is a column); recorded in `_terreno_columns(collection, path, schema_type, column, orphaned, spilled_rows)`; reconciled against `PRAGMA table_info` on `Model.init()` and on the first write to a collection, inside one write transaction |
+| Schema change (T16) | new path → `ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN`, then rows carrying the path in `_extra` are backfilled into it and the key removed from `_extra`; path removed from every schema → column kept and marked `orphaned` (its data stays readable and queryable through the raw collection); schema type or kind changed (scalar ↔ JSON, or a different scalar type) → the indexes that reference the column are dropped, a new column is added, values that fit the new type are copied, values that do not fit spill to `_extra` unchanged, the old column is dropped (`ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN`, SQLite ≥ 3.35, which is why no typed or JSON column carries a `CHECK` or is a `UNIQUE` column constraint; uniqueness is always a separate index), and the indexes are recreated on the new column from `_terreno_indexes`, all in one transaction and logged at `warn`; orphaned columns are dropped only by `dropOrphanedColumns()` from a migration (T16). No DDL step ever converts a stored value |
+| Index `{ownerId: 1, created: -1}` | `CREATE INDEX "todos.ownerId_1_created_-1" ON "todos" ("ownerId", "created" DESC)`; an index on a path inside a JSON column or on an undeclared path → expression index on `json_extract(<column>, '$.path')` |
+| Unique | `CREATE UNIQUE INDEX ...` over the typed columns; a value that spilled to `_extra` (wrong type for its column) is not covered, recorded as a known divergence (T11) |
+| Sparse | `... WHERE "path" IS NOT NULL` on a typed column; `... WHERE json_type(<column>, '$.path') IS NOT NULL` on a JSON path |
+| Partial (`partialFilterExpression`) | `... WHERE <compiled filter>`; unsupported expressions reject at `createIndex` with the Mongo error code for an invalid index spec |
+| Index metadata | `_terreno_indexes(collection, name, spec, options)` so `listIndexes` returns Mongo-shaped specs (`key`, `name`, `unique`, `sparse`, `expireAfterSeconds`, `partialFilterExpression`) |
+| Format metadata | `_terreno_meta(key, value)` with `format_version = "1"` |
+| Connection pragmas | `journal_mode=WAL`, `busy_timeout=5000`, `foreign_keys=OFF`, `synchronous=NORMAL`; the database file and its `-wal`/`-shm` sidecars are created with mode `0600` |
+
+### Codec (column values and JSON, lossless)
+
+Typed columns (`encodeColumn` / `decodeColumn`, T5):
+
+| Schema type | Column type | Encoding | Spills to `_extra` when |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| String | TEXT | as-is | the value is not a string |
+| Number | REAL | IEEE double | not a number (`"5"` stays the string `"5"`, so Mongoose casts it on read as Mongo would) |
+| Boolean | INTEGER | 0 / 1 | not a boolean |
+| Date | INTEGER | ms since epoch (negative before 1970) | not a Date; an invalid Date is an encode error |
+| ObjectId | TEXT | 24-hex | not an ObjectId |
+| Buffer / UUID | BLOB | bytes; a non-zero subtype is kept in `_extra` as `{"$subType": n}` under the path | not binary |
+| Decimal128 | TEXT | decimal string | not Decimal128 |
+| BigInt / Long | INTEGER | exact within 64 bits; a TEXT decimal string beyond that | not an integer |
+| `__v` | INTEGER | | never |
+| explicit `null` on any typed path | NULL | plus the path listed in `_nulls` | never (not a spill) |
+
+JSON columns and `_extra` (BSON to JSON):
+
+| BSON | JSON in the column | Compiled comparison path |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| String, Number (double), Boolean, null, nested object, array | native JSON | `json_extract(<column>, '$.p')` |
+| ObjectId | `{"$oid": "<24 hex>"}` | `json_extract(<column>, '$.p."$oid"')` |
+| Date | `{"$date": <ms since epoch, integer>}` | `json_extract(<column>, '$.p."$date"')` |
+| Int32 / Long | `{"$int": n}` / `{"$long": "<decimal string>"}` | numeric compare on `$int`; `$long` compared as number when safe, else residual |
+| Decimal128 | `{"$decimal": "<string>"}` | residual |
+| Binary / Buffer / UUID | `{"$binary": "<base64>", "$subType": n}` | equality only |
+| RegExp (query values only) | never stored | regex strategy |
+| `undefined` | key omitted (Mongoose default) | missing |
+| Map | JSON object | as object |
+| MinKey / MaxKey / Code / Timestamp | `UnsupportedCapabilityError` on write | — |
+
+A stored key that begins with `$` is written with a doubled dollar (`{"$set": 1}` is stored
+as `{"$$set": 1}`) and restored on read by dropping one `$`; a single-`$` key in stored JSON
+is always a codec marker (`$oid`, `$date`, `$int`, `$long`, `$decimal`, `$binary`,
+`$subType`), so user data cannot collide with markers.
+
+### Query evaluation contract
+
+Every filter is compiled to `{sql: string, params: unknown[], residual?: (doc) => boolean, mode: "full" | "partial"}`.
+Paths resolve through the collection's `ColumnMap`: a scalar path compiles to a predicate on
+its typed column; when `_terreno_columns.spilled_rows` for that path is non-zero the compiler
+appends `OR json_type("_extra", '$.path') IS NOT NULL` and sets `residual`, so rows whose
+value spilled to `_extra` are candidates decided by the residual matcher, and when it is zero
+the SQL is the column predicate alone with `residual` unset; `null` equality is `"col" IS NULL`;
+`$exists` and `$type: "null"` consult `_nulls`; a path inside a JSON column compiles to
+`json_extract`/`json_each` on that column; an undeclared path compiles against `_extra`.
+A path that `_terreno_columns` marks `orphaned` compiles to its column predicate OR the
+`_extra` clause with `residual` set, because rows written before the removal hold the value
+in the column and rows written after it hold it in `_extra` (the path is now undeclared);
+`mergeRow` reads orphaned columns too, so raw-collection and `strict: false` reads see them.
+A parent of typed child columns (`meta` when the map has `meta.a` and `meta.b`) has no
+column of its own: `{meta: {$exists: true}}` and `{meta: <object>}` compile to the superset
+`"meta.a" IS NOT NULL OR "meta.b" IS NOT NULL OR` a `_nulls` entry at or under `meta` `OR
+json_type("_extra", '$."meta"') IS NOT NULL`, `$exists: false` to its negation (exact), and
+any other operator on the parent (`null`, `$ne`, `$nin`, `$type`) to no SQL predicate; all of
+them set `residual`, which decides object equality on the merged document.
+`mode: "full"` means no residual is needed for the filter as compiled against the current
+spill counts. `sql` is always a superset (never excludes a matching document). When `residual` is set,
+the driver fetches candidates ordered and unbounded, applies `residual`, then applies
+sort, skip, and limit in JavaScript; when it is unset, sort, skip, and limit are SQL. The residual matcher is `sift` (already a Mongoose
+dependency, used by Mongoose for array filters). `$regex` compiles to a `terreno_regex(value, pattern, flags)`
+user-defined function registered on handles that support `createFunction` (`bun:sqlite`,
+`node:sqlite`), so it is `full` there; on a custom handle without it, anchored literal
+patterns compile to `LIKE`/`GLOB` and the rest is residual. The conformance suite asserts
+`mode: "full"` for the operator set that `modelRouter`, `admin-backend`, `jobs`, and
+`comms` emit, so a regression in the compiler shows up as a test failure, not a slowdown.
+
+### Capability gating (`@terreno/api`)
+
+| Feature | Needs | On SQLite v1 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| `RealtimeApp`, `SyncApp` | `changeFeed !== "none"` | Works via the in-process feed (D2); `register` logs once that writes from other processes on the same file are not broadcast (run jobs in-process; the standalone `jobs:worker` is for Mongo until X2) |
+| `rateLimit.store: "mongo"` | `pipelineUpdates` | Fails fast at `TerrenoApp` build; use `memory` or `redis` |
+| `$search` / `$autocomplete` | `textSearch` | Fails fast at query time |
+| `connection.startSession()` | `transactions` | Throws; `@terreno/test` `useTransactions` mode refuses to start |
+| `feature-flags` live watch | `changeStreams` | Already catches `watch()` failure and logs; T17 adds a capability check so it skips the attempt and logs once |
+| TTL indexes | `ttlIndexes` | Sweeper every 60 s (configurable) instead of Mongo's TTL monitor |
+
+## E2E tests
+
+| ID | Spec or flow | Layer | Proves | Written in |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| E1 | `example-backend/src/sqliteBoot.integration.test.ts` | http | Under the T19 preload (`TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite`), the example backend boots on a real port with `databaseUri` set to the preload's SQLite file, answers `/health` healthy, logs in, performs todo CRUD, and serves an `/openapi.json` and `/admin/config` identical to the Mongo run | T21 |
+| E2 | `example-frontend/playwright.sqlite.config.ts` running `login.spec.ts`, `admin-todo-crud.spec.ts`, `admin-form.spec.ts`, `admin-table-search-filter.spec.ts`, `consents.spec.ts` | browser | Existing user flows pass unchanged against a SQLite backend | T22 |
+| E3 | `api/src/betterAuthSqlite.integration.test.ts` | http | Better Auth sign-up, sign-in, session, and `req.user` sync work on SQLite through `getBaseServer` | T18 |
+| E4 | `api/src/sync/integration.test.ts` parameterized by `TERRENO_TEST_DB` | http | The syncdb protocol (socket deltas, HTTP snapshot, mutate) works on SQLite with the in-process change feed | T25 |
+| E5 | `example-frontend/playwright.sqlite.config.ts` running `syncdb-*.spec.ts` | browser | Two browser contexts see each other's todo changes on a SQLite backend | T26 |
+| E6 | `api/src/isolated/migrateCliSqlite.isolated.ts` | process | `terreno-migrate status/up/down` runs against a `sqlite://` URI and records history | T16 |
+
+## Regression cases
+
+None — no hard-to-automate change.
+
+## User guide
+
+None — no user-visible change. The change is a backend library and connection string; app screens, labels, and flows are the same on either database.
+
+## Design
+
+None — backend-only, no screens.
+
+## Task list
+
+- [ ] **T1** — Write the e2e guide
+  - Depends on: none
+  - Files: docs/testing/e2e.md
+  - Seam: documentation
+  - Interface: a page with one section per layer in use: `browser` (Playwright specs in `example-frontend/e2e/*.spec.ts`, `getByTestId`, explicit `waitFor`, run with `bun run frontend:e2e` or `bunx playwright test -c <config>`), `http` (a real Express app from `getBaseServer` driven with supertest, or a server bound to port 0 with `node:http`; specs named `*.integration.test.ts` inside the package, run with `bun test <path>`), `process` (CLI binaries driven in `src/isolated/*.isolated.ts`, run with `bun test <path>`), `native flow` (Maestro flows under `example-frontend/maestro/`, run with `bun run maestro:test`). Each section states where specs live, how they find elements or endpoints, how they wait, and the exact command.
+  - Cases: none (untestable: prose). Roast checks every path and command named exists in the repository.
+  - Blast radius: none
+  - Test skills: none
+  - Docs: this task is the doc
+
+- [ ] **T2** — `@terreno/db-sqlite` package + Mongoose SQLite driver tracer
+  - Depends on: none
+  - Files: db-sqlite/package.json, db-sqlite/tsconfig.json, db-sqlite/tsconfig.typecheck.json, db-sqlite/biome.jsonc, db-sqlite/bunfig.toml, db-sqlite/README.md, db-sqlite/src/index.ts (package root entry; no internal `index.ts` barrels), db-sqlite/src/driver/connection.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/collection.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/lifecycle.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/install.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/meta.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/columnMap.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/split.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/ddl.ts, db-sqlite/src/codec.ts, db-sqlite/src/dialect/types.ts, db-sqlite/src/dialect/sqlite.ts, db-sqlite/src/handles/types.ts, db-sqlite/src/handles/bunSqlite.ts, db-sqlite/src/errors.ts, db-sqlite/src/capabilities.ts, stub modules each exporting a function that throws `UnsupportedCapabilityError("not implemented")`: db-sqlite/src/writes/insert.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/delete.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/replace.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/update.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/findAndModify.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/bulkWrite.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/cursor.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/createIndex.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/listIndexes.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/ttl.ts, db-sqlite/src/aggregate/plan.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/db.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/changeFeed.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/compileFilter.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/tracer.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/drift.test.ts, package.json (workspace + catalog entries for `mingo` and `fast-check`, declared now so T13 and T15 touch no shared manifest), bun.lock
+  - Seam: the public Mongoose API with the driver installed
+  - Interface: `installSqliteDriver({uri})` then `await mongoose.connect("sqlite://<tmpfile>")`; `installSqliteDriver({uri, mongoose: other})` installs only on `other` (a `new Mongoose()` instance) and leaves the shared instance native; a model `new Schema({title: String, done: Boolean, ownerId: Schema.Types.ObjectId, due: Date, tags: [String]})`; `Model.create(doc)` → hydrated document with `_id: ObjectId`; `Model.findById(id)` → same document, same types (`due instanceof Date`, `ownerId instanceof Types.ObjectId`); `Model.find({})` → array; `mongoose.connection.readyState === 1` after connect, `0` after `disconnect()`. The table is created on `Model.init()` or the first write from the collection's column map (T5 completes the map; the tracer handles String, Boolean, ObjectId, Date, and one `[String]` JSON column): typed columns per scalar path, JSON columns per array path, `_extra`, per Storage layout; `schema/ddl.ts` holds `createTable` only (T16 adds reconciliation); `_terreno_columns` records the map and `_terreno_meta` gets `format_version = "1"` on first open. The package root entry has no top-level await, so `createRequire` can load it synchronously (T30). `collection.ts` and `connection.ts` are thin dispatchers: every collection method delegates to its feature module (`writes/*`, `cursor.ts`, `indexes/*`, `aggregate/plan.ts`, `driver/db.ts`) and `lifecycle.ts` exposes `onOpen(fn)`/`onClose(fn)` hooks, so later tasks edit only their own module. The tracer implements `insertOne` in `writes/insert.ts`, `findOne`/`find` with equality-only filters in `query/compileFilter.ts` + `driver/cursor.ts`; everything else stays a stub. `installSqliteDriver({uri: "mongodb://..."})` returns `{installed: false}` and does not call `setDriver`. `openUri` with a non-`sqlite:` scheme after install throws `Error("@terreno/db-sqlite only handles sqlite: URIs")`.
+  - Cases:
+    - create then findById round-trips every field with the same JS type
+    - `find({})` on an empty collection → `[]`; after two creates → 2 docs
+    - `findById` of an unknown id → `null`
+    - connect to a file path creates the file; connect to `sqlite::memory:` creates none
+    - `installSqliteDriver({uri: "sqlite://..."})` twice → `{installed: true}` both times, no throw; `installSqliteDriver({uri: "mongodb://x"})` → `{installed: false}` and `mongoose.connections[0].constructor.name` is Mongoose's native `NativeConnection`
+    - after a sqlite install, `mongoose.connect("mongodb://x")` → rejects with the "only handles sqlite: URIs" error
+    - `installSqliteDriver({uri: "sqlite://...", mongoose: other})` where `other = new Mongoose()`: `other.connections[0]` is the SQL connection, `mongoose.connections[0]` is still `NativeConnection`; a schema registered on both instances creates on `other` (SQLite) without touching the default instance
+    - `_terreno_meta` contains `format_version = "1"` after first open (read through the handle)
+    - after the first create, `PRAGMA table_info("todos")` lists exactly `_id __v title done ownerId due tags _nulls _extra` with the declared types, and `_terreno_columns` has one row per schema path (read through the handle)
+    - `createRequire(import.meta.url)("@terreno/db-sqlite")` returns the module synchronously and its `installSqliteDriver` is the same function as the ESM export
+    - a stubbed method (`Model.updateOne`) → `UnsupportedCapabilityError` whose message names `updateOne` (proves the dispatcher routes to stubs, which later tasks replace)
+    - `disconnect()` closes the handle; a second `connect` reopens
+    - drift test (the Elephant's guard): reads `node_modules/mongoose/lib/drivers/node-mongodb-native/collection.js` and `mongoose/lib/{model,query,cursor/queryCursor,aggregate}.js` and asserts (a) every collection method name Mongoose's native collection declares is a method on the dispatcher, and (b) the option keys Mongoose passes for `findOneAndUpdate`/`findOneAndDelete`/`findOneAndReplace` (`includeResultMetadata`, `returnDocument`, `upsert`, `sort`, `projection`, `arrayFilters`), `find` (`projection`, `sort`, `skip`, `limit`, `batchSize`), `updateOne/Many` (`upsert`, `arrayFilters`), `insertMany` (`ordered`), and `bulkWrite` (`ordered`) appear in the plan's interface list for that method; a Mongoose bump that adds a method or option fails this test before the conformance suite runs
+  - Blast radius: none (new package)
+  - Test skills: none (new layer; this task adds the package's bun test setup)
+  - Docs: db-sqlite/README.md with the connection snippet
+
+- [ ] **T3** — Differential conformance harness
+  - Depends on: T2
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/conformance/harness.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/normalize.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/fixtures.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/types.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/harness.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/tests/bunSetup.ts, db-sqlite/bunfig.toml
+  - Seam: exported `runConformanceCase` / `describeConformance`
+  - Interface: `describeConformance(name, {fixture: FixtureDoc[], run: (Model) => Promise<unknown>, expect?: "equal" | "sameSet" | "sameCount" | "sameError"})` executes `run` against a Mongoose model on the shared `mongoose` instance connected to a MongoDB memory server (via `@terreno/test` `startMongoServer`) and against the same schema compiled on a separate `new Mongoose()` instance with `installSqliteDriver({uri, mongoose: sqliteInstance})` and a fresh SQLite file, both in one test process; it normalizes both results (`_id` to string, Dates to ISO, `ObjectId` to hex, key order sorted, `__v` kept) and asserts per `expect`. `sameError` compares `code`, `name`, and `keyPattern`. Each case also records the compiler mode (`full` / `partial`) reported by the SQLite driver through a test hook `__lastCompile`. A `TERRENO_CONFORMANCE_ONLY=sqlite|mongo` env var runs one side for debugging.
+  - Cases:
+    - a case whose `run` returns identical documents on both → passes
+    - a case whose SQLite result differs by one field → fails with a diff naming the field
+    - `sameSet` ignores order; `equal` does not
+    - `sameError`: duplicate `_id` insert on both → both throw `code: 11000`; passes
+    - fixtures with ObjectId, Date, nested, array, null, and missing fields load identically on both (read back and normalized, equal)
+    - the mode hook reports `full` for `{title: "a"}` and `partial` for `{title: {$regex: "a(b|c)d"}}` (the tracer compiler from T2 supports equality only, so this case is marked `test.todo` until T6 and flipped on in T6)
+  - Blast radius: none
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env (the harness mutates `TERRENO_TEST_*` env)
+  - Docs: db-sqlite/README.md "Conformance" section
+
+- [ ] **T4** — Driver handles, URIs, pragmas, connection lifecycle
+  - Depends on: T2
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/handles/types.ts, db-sqlite/src/handles/bunSqlite.ts, db-sqlite/src/handles/nodeSqlite.ts, db-sqlite/src/handles/detect.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/connection.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/meta.ts, db-sqlite/src/uri.ts, db-sqlite/src/handles/handles.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/uri.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/meta.test.ts
+  - Seam: `installSqliteDriver({uri, handle})`, `sqliteUri`, `mongoose.connect(uri)`
+  - Interface: URI grammar `sqlite://<path>[?mode=rwc|ro|memory&busyTimeout=<ms>&journal=wal|delete]`, `sqlite::memory:`; relative paths resolve from `process.cwd()`; parent directory created when `mode=rwc`. Handle detection by feature, not version string: Bun → `bun:sqlite`; Node → `node:sqlite` when `process.getBuiltinModule?.("node:sqlite")` returns a module (unflagged from Node 22.13, which is the repository's `engines` floor and also provides `require(esm)` for T30); otherwise throw `Error("No SQLite driver available; pass {handle}")`. An injected handle is used as-is. `connection.getClient()` returns `{kind, handle}`. Pragmas applied on open and asserted via `PRAGMA journal_mode`. The database file is created with mode `0600` (and the directory with `0700` when created by the driver); `-wal`/`-shm` sidecars inherit it. Two concurrent writers through one connection are serialized by `transaction(fn, {write: true})` (the dialect's `beginWrite()` is `BEGIN IMMEDIATE`); a second connection to the same file waits up to `busyTimeout` then throws `SQLITE_BUSY` mapped to a `MongoServerError`-shaped error with `code: 112` (write conflict). `createFunction` is wired for `bun:sqlite` (`db.function`) and `node:sqlite` (`db.function`); a custom handle may omit it. On open, `_terreno_meta.format_version` is read: missing → written as `"1"`; `"1"` → ok; anything else → `Error("Unsupported @terreno/db-sqlite format_version <v>; this build supports 1")` and the connection does not open. A consistent copy for backups is `VACUUM INTO '<path>'` through `connection.getClient().backupTo(path)`.
+  - Cases:
+    - each URI form parses to the expected `{path, mode, busyTimeout, journal}`; `sqlite://` with no path → error
+    - `mode=ro` on a missing file → error; `mode=rwc` creates `./tmp/nested/app.db` including directories; the file's mode is `0600` and the created directory's is `0700` (POSIX assertion)
+    - `PRAGMA journal_mode` is `wal` by default and `delete` when `journal=delete`
+    - 50 concurrent `create` calls on one connection all succeed and `countDocuments` is 50
+    - an injected fake handle receives every statement (spy) and `getClient().kind === "custom"`; a fake handle without `createFunction` opens fine and `getClient().supportsFunctions === false`
+    - under Bun the detected handle kind is `bun:sqlite` and `supportsFunctions === true` (the test runs under Bun; `node:sqlite` detection is unit-tested with an injected `process.versions` shim)
+    - `backupTo(copyPath)` while another writer is mid-transaction → the copy opens on its own connection and `countDocuments` equals the committed count at backup time; the copy has no `-wal` sidecar
+    - a file whose `_terreno_meta.format_version` is `"2"` → `connect` rejects with the unsupported-version error; a file with no `_terreno_meta` table (pre-existing empty SQLite file) → opens and the row is written
+    - `disconnect()` then any query → Mongoose's "connection closed" buffering error, unchanged from Mongo behavior
+  - Blast radius: none
+  - Test skills: none
+  - Docs: db-sqlite/README.md "Drivers" table
+
+- [ ] **T5** — Column map, column codec, and JSON codec
+  - Depends on: T2
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/schema/columnMap.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/columnMap.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/split.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/split.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/codec.ts, db-sqlite/src/codec.test.ts
+  - Seam: exported `deriveColumnMap(schemas: Schema[]) → ColumnMap`, `splitDocument(doc, map) → {columns: Record<string, SqlValue>, nulls: string[], extra: object}`, `mergeRow(row, map) → object`, `encodeColumn(value, schemaType) → SqlValue | typeof SPILL`, `decodeColumn(sqlValue, schemaType)`, `encodeJson(value) → string`, `decodeJson(json) → unknown`, `canonicalId(value) → string`
+  - Interface: `ColumnMap` is `{columns: Map<path, {column, schemaType, kind: "scalar" | "json"}>, discriminatorKey?}` built from the union of the schemas registered on one collection; scalar kinds are String, Number, Boolean, Date, ObjectId, Buffer, UUID, Decimal128, BigInt, including scalars nested in plain subdocuments (`meta.a`); every other top-level path (arrays, subdocument arrays, `Mixed`, `Map`, and everything beneath them) is one `json` column; `__v` is an INTEGER column; `_id` is the TEXT primary key via `canonicalId`. `encodeColumn` maps per the column codec table in Contracts and returns `SPILL` when the runtime type does not fit the schema type; an explicit `null` encodes as NULL and the path is added to `nulls`; `splitDocument` puts spilled and undeclared paths into `extra` with the JSON codec, nested at their path (`meta.a` → `extra.meta.a`, never a `"meta.a"` key); `mergeRow` restores the document, taking a path from `extra` when it is present there (spilled or undeclared), as `null` when `_nulls` lists it, and from its column otherwise, so an explicit `null` round-trips as `null` and a NULL column listed nowhere is a missing path. `decodeJson` returns BSON types from the `bson` package (`ObjectId`, `Decimal128`, `Binary`, `Long`, `Int32`, `Double`), `Date` for `$date`, plain values otherwise. `canonicalId(ObjectId)` → 24-hex; `canonicalId("abc")` → `"abc"`; `canonicalId(42)` → `"n:42"`; `canonicalId({a: 1})` → `"o:" + encodeJson`. Keys beginning with `$` round-trip through the `$$` escape. Unsupported types throw `UnsupportedCapabilityError` with `operation: "encode"` and the type name.
+  - Cases:
+    - `deriveColumnMap` for `{title: String, n: Number, done: Boolean, due: Date, ownerId: ObjectId, meta: {a: String, b: Number}, tags: [String], items: [{qty: Number}], any: Mixed, m: Map}` → scalar columns `title n done due ownerId meta.a meta.b`, json columns `tags items any m`, plus `__v`
+    - two discriminator schemas on one collection (`A {x: String}`, `B {y: Number}`) → one map with `x`, `y`, and the discriminator key column
+    - `splitDocument` then `mergeRow` round-trips a document containing every supported type with deep-equal values and the same constructors (`Date`, `ObjectId`, `Decimal128`, `Buffer`, `Long`)
+    - `{n: "5"}` against a Number column → column NULL, `extra.n === "5"`; `mergeRow` returns the string `"5"` (Mongoose casts it on read, as it does on Mongo)
+    - `{a: null}` → column NULL, `nulls` is `["a"]`, `extra` has no `a`; `mergeRow` returns `{a: null}`; `{}` → `mergeRow` returns no `a` key
+    - an undeclared path `legacy: 1` → `extra.legacy`; `mergeRow` restores it
+    - `{meta: {a: 5}}` against the String column `meta.a` → `extra` is `{meta: {a: 5}}` (no `"meta.a"` key), and on a real table `json_type("_extra", '$."meta"."a"')` is `'integer'`; `mergeRow` returns `meta.a === 5`
+    - `Date` with milliseconds and a date before 1970 → INTEGER ms both ways; invalid Date → encode error
+    - `Long` beyond `Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER` → TEXT in the INTEGER column, round-trips exactly as a `Long`
+    - `Buffer.from("hi")` → BLOB and back; UUID subtype 4 keeps its subtype (via `extra`'s `$subType`); the same buffer inside a json column → `{"$binary": "aGk=", "$subType": 0}`
+    - JSON codec: a key `"$set"` inside a json column is stored as the literal `{"$$set": 1}` (asserted on the raw column) and reads back as `{"$set": 1}`; a key `"$$x"` stores as `"$$$x"` and reads back as `"$$x"`; an `ObjectId` inside an array still stores as `{"$oid": "..."}`
+    - `undefined` values are omitted; `null` kept; `MinKey` → throws `UnsupportedCapabilityError`
+    - `canonicalId` is stable across calls and distinct for `"42"` vs `42`
+  - Blast radius: T2 tracer tests read the codec and column map (same package, rerun)
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T6** — Filter compiler with residual JS matching
+  - Depends on: T3
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/query/compileFilter.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/resolvePath.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/paths.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/values.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/residual.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/regex.ts, db-sqlite/src/dialect/fakePostgres.ts (test-only), db-sqlite/src/dialect/dialectParity.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.equality.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.comparison.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.logical.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.arrays.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.nullMissing.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.regex.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.ids.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/query.extra.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/compileFilter.test.ts
+  - Seam: `Model.find(filter)` / `countDocuments(filter)` through the driver, plus the exported `compileFilter(filter, {dialect, columnMap}) → {sql, params, residual?, mode}`
+  - Interface: supports `$eq $ne $gt $gte $lt $lte $in $nin $exists $type $regex(+$options i m s x) $not $and $or $nor $all $elemMatch $size $mod`, implicit equality, dotted paths (including one array level: `items.name` matches any element), equality against arrays (`{tags: "a"}` matches scalar equal or array containing), `_id` fast path on the primary key column, typed comparisons (numbers numeric; strings binary order; Dates by `$date`; ObjectId by hex; booleans), `null` matching missing-or-null, `$exists: false` matching missing only. `$where $expr $text $jsonSchema $geo*` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`. `$regex` compiles to the `terreno_regex` user-defined function when the handle supports functions (full mode); otherwise anchored literal patterns compile to `LIKE`/`GLOB` and the rest is residual. The function builds a JavaScript `RegExp`: `i`, `m`, `s` map directly; `x` is implemented by stripping unescaped whitespace and `#` comments outside character classes before construction; a pattern JavaScript cannot compile (PCRE-only syntax such as possessive quantifiers `a++`, atomic groups, `\Z`) throws `UnsupportedCapabilityError("regex")` naming the pattern, and the divergence is a row in `## Divergences found`. Unknown `$operator` → the same `BadValue` error (`code: 2`) Mongo returns. Paths resolve per the query evaluation contract: `resolvePath.ts` maps a path to its typed column (predicate on the column, plus the `_extra` spill clause and residual only while `spilled_rows > 0`), to a JSON column path, or to `_extra`; `null`, `$exists`, and `$type: "null"` use `IS NULL` and `_nulls`. The compiler takes a `Dialect` and uses only its methods for column references, JSON path extraction, type tests, array iteration, regex, and placeholders; `fakePostgresDialect` (test-only) produces `doc #>> '{a,b}'`, `jsonb_typeof`, `jsonb_array_elements`, `~`, and `$n` placeholders.
+  - Cases (each a conformance case run on both databases unless noted):
+    - `{title: "a"}` on fixture with titles a, b, A → 1 (case-sensitive); unit: with `spilled_rows = 0` it compiles to exactly `"title" = ?` with `residual === undefined` and `mode: "full"`; after one raw write spills `title`, the same filter compiles with the `_extra` clause and a residual; after that row is deleted (`spilled_rows` back to 0) it compiles clean again
+    - `{a: null}` with `spilled_rows = 0` compiles to `"a" IS NULL` and no residual; `{a: {$exists: false}}` adds the `_nulls` `NOT EXISTS`; `{a: {$type: "null"}}` adds the `EXISTS` form; all three return the same documents as Mongo on a fixture with `{a: null}`, `{}`, and `{a: 0}`
+    - a `strict: false` model storing `{legacy: 1}` → `find({legacy: 1})` matches on both (the path lives in `_extra`)
+    - a Number path holding the string `"x"` (written through the raw collection on both databases) → `find({n: "x"})` matches on both, `find({n: {$gt: 0}})` excludes it on both, `find({n: {$type: "string"}})` matches on both (spilled rows reach the residual)
+    - `{"meta.a": "x"}` on a scalar nested in a plain subdocument (typed column `meta.a`) → equal
+    - `{"meta.a": "x"}` where one row's `meta.a` spilled (a number written raw, then `$set` to `"x"` through the raw collection on another row) → spill clause on `'$."meta"."a"'` finds the spilled row; equal on both
+    - parent filters on a plain subdocument: `{meta: {a: "x", b: 1}}`, `{meta: {b: 1, a: "x"}}` (field order matters on Mongo), `{meta: {$exists: true}}`, `{meta: {$exists: false}}`, `{meta: null}` on a fixture with full, partial, empty, and missing `meta` → equal on both; unit: the `$exists: true` SQL references `meta.a`, `meta.b`, `_nulls`, and `_extra`, never `_extra` alone
+    - an orphaned path (column marked `orphaned`, one row's value in the column, one row written after the removal with the value in `_extra`) → `find({removed: "x"})` through the raw collection returns both rows; unit: the SQL is the column predicate OR the `_extra` clause with `residual` set
+    - `{n: {$gt: 2, $lte: 4}}` on n = 1..6 → 3, 4; `{n: {$gt: "2"}}` on numeric n → 0 (type-bracketed, Mongo returns nothing)
+    - `{due: {$gte: date1, $lt: date2}}` → correct Dates; same filter on a `DateOnly` string field compares as strings
+    - `{ownerId: id}` with an `ObjectId` and with its hex string: Mongoose casts both to ObjectId before the driver, so both match (asserted through the model)
+    - `{_id: {$in: [a, b]}}` → 2 docs; `{_id: {$in: []}}` → 0
+    - `{tags: "x"}` matches `["x", "y"]` and `"x"`; `{tags: {$all: ["x", "y"]}}`; `{tags: {$size: 2}}`; `{tags: {$in: ["x"]}}` matches arrays containing x; `{tags: {$ne: "x"}}` excludes arrays containing x
+    - `{"items.qty": {$gt: 2}}` matches a doc whose `items` array has one element with qty 3; `{items: {$elemMatch: {qty: {$gt: 2}, name: "a"}}}` matches only when one element satisfies both
+    - `{a: null}` matches `{a: null}` and `{}` but not `{a: 0}`; `{a: {$exists: false}}` matches `{}` only; `{a: {$exists: true}}` matches `{a: null}`
+    - `{$or: [{n: 1}, {m: 2}]}`, `{$and: [...]}`, `{$nor: [...]}`, nested `$or` inside `$and`
+    - `{email: {$regex: "^john@", $options: "i"}}` → mode `full`; `{title: {$regex: "a(b|c)d"}}` → mode `full` on `bun:sqlite` (UDF) and `partial` on a fake handle without `createFunction`, same results as Mongo in both; `$regex` with a `RegExp` value; `$options: "m"` and `"s"` behave as Mongo; `$options: "x"` with `"^ jo hn # comment"` matches `john` on both; `a++` → Mongo matches `aa`, SQLite throws `UnsupportedCapabilityError` naming the pattern (the case asserts exactly this and the divergence row)
+    - dialect parity unit: every operator case above compiled with `fakePostgresDialect` produces SQL containing no `json_extract`, `json_type`, `json_each`, `GLOB`, or `terreno_regex`, uses `$1..$n` placeholders, quotes typed columns the same way, and has the same `mode` as the SQLite compile; `compileSort`, column DDL (T16), and index DDL (T11) extend this file
+    - `{n: {$type: "number"}}`, `{n: {$type: 1}}`, `{a: {$type: "null"}}`, `{a: {$type: "array"}}`
+    - `{n: {$mod: [2, 0]}}` → evens
+    - `{$where: "..."}` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`; `{n: {$foo: 1}}` → error with `code: 2` on both
+    - `compileFilter` unit: the operator set from `modelRouter` (`$in $gte $lte $regex-anchored $and $or`), `admin-backend` (`$in $regex $or $and $nor $gte $lte`), `jobs` (`$in $lte $exists $or $and`), `comms` (`$regex $gte $lte $ne $or $nin $in $exists`) all return `mode: "full"`
+  - Blast radius: every later read and write task routes through this compiler (same package; their suites rerun)
+  - Test skills: none
+  - Docs: `docs/explanation/database-drivers.md` operator table is written in T28 from the compiler's exported `SUPPORTED_QUERY_OPERATORS` constant; this task defines that constant
+
+- [ ] **T7** — Cursor, read methods, projection, sort, distinct, counts
+  - Depends on: T6
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/driver/cursor.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/compileSort.ts, db-sqlite/src/query/projection.ts, db-sqlite/src/dialect/dialectParity.test.ts (sort cases), db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/read.sort.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/read.projection.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/read.pagination.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/read.counts.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/read.distinct.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/cursor.test.ts
+  - Seam: `Model.find().sort().skip().limit().select()`, `findOne`, `countDocuments`, `estimatedDocumentCount`, `distinct`, `Model.find().cursor()`, `for await`
+  - Interface: `collection.find(filter, {sort, skip, limit, projection, batchSize})` returns a cursor with `toArray() next() hasNext() close() map() [Symbol.asyncIterator] stream()`; sort by multiple keys with `1`/`-1` (and `"asc"`/`"desc"` strings), ties broken by `_id` ascending for determinism when and only when the sort does not already include `_id` (matches Mongo's practical behavior on a single node for the suite's fixtures; documented). A sort on a typed column with `spilled_rows = 0` is `ORDER BY "col"` (SQLite and Mongo both put NULL/missing first ascending); sort order across BSON types follows Mongo's type order (null < numbers < strings < objects < arrays < binary < ObjectId < boolean < Date), so when the path has spilled rows or is a JSON path the sort compiles to a `CASE` on the type rank (column type, or `json_type` of the spilled value) plus the value. Projection assembles the document from the selected columns plus `_extra`. Projection supports inclusion, exclusion, `_id: 0`, nested paths, `+field` select on `select: false` schema paths (Mongoose handles it; the driver only receives inclusion/exclusion). `countDocuments(filter, {skip, limit})`; `estimatedDocumentCount` → `SELECT COUNT(*)`; `distinct(field, filter)` flattens arrays and returns unique values in Mongo's sort order.
+  - Cases:
+    - sort `{n: -1}` and `{n: 1, title: -1}` on 20 docs with unique sort keys → identical order on both; with duplicate `n` values, `normalize.ts` re-sorts tied runs by `_id` before comparing (Mongo gives no tie order), and the case asserts that
+    - sort on a Date field, on an ObjectId field, on a missing field (missing sorts first ascending)
+    - mixed-type field (`null`, `3`, `"a"`, `true`, `Date`) written through the raw collection into a Number path, sorted ascending → Mongo type order on both (spilled values ranked by type)
+    - unit: `compileSort({n: -1})` on a typed column with no spills emits exactly `ORDER BY "n" DESC, "_id" ASC`; with spills it emits the type-rank `CASE` first; `find({ownerId: id}).sort({created: -1}).limit(20)` with the index `{ownerId: 1, created: -1}` and no spills → `EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN` shows `USING INDEX` and the SQL carries `LIMIT 20` (SQLite-only assertion)
+    - `limit(5)`, `skip(5).limit(5)`, `skip(100)` → `[]`, `limit(0)` → all
+    - projection `{title: 1}` → docs with `_id` and `title` only; `{title: 0}`; `{_id: 0, title: 1}`; nested `{"meta.a": 1}`
+    - `select: false` path is absent by default and present with `.select("+hash")`
+    - `countDocuments({})`, `countDocuments({n: {$gt: 10}})`, `countDocuments({}, {limit: 3})` → 3; `estimatedDocumentCount()` equals `countDocuments({})` on both
+    - `distinct("tags")` on docs with overlapping tag arrays → unique sorted values; `distinct("n", {n: {$gt: 2}})`
+    - cursor: `for await` yields every doc in sort order; `next()` after exhaustion → `null`; `close()` mid-iteration then `next()` → error
+    - residual-mode query (`$regex` partial) with sort and limit returns the same page as Mongo
+    - a query with `batchSize: 2` over 7 docs returns all 7
+  - Blast radius: `modelRouter` list pagination (`limit + 1` with `countDocuments`) is proven in T20; `populate` (Mongoose issues `find({_id: {$in}})` with projection) is covered by a conformance case here: populate single ref, array of refs, field selection, dangling ref → `null`
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T8** — Insert, delete, replace writes and write-error shapes
+  - Depends on: T6
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/writes/insert.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/delete.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/replace.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/errors.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/insertDelete.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/errors.test.ts
+  - Seam: `Model.create`, `Model.insertMany`, `Model.deleteOne/deleteMany`, `Model.replaceOne`, `doc.deleteOne()`
+  - Interface: `insertOne(doc)` → `{acknowledged: true, insertedId}`; `insertMany(docs, {ordered})` → `{insertedCount, insertedIds}`; duplicate key → error with `name: "MongoServerError"` (a driver `WriteError` class whose `name`, `code: 11000`, `keyPattern`, `keyValue`, `message` match Mongo's `E11000 duplicate key error collection: <db>.<coll> index: <name> dup key: {...}`), unordered inserts continue and report `writeErrors[]` plus `insertedCount` of the survivors (`MongoBulkWriteError` shape with `result.insertedCount`); `deleteOne(filter)` → `{deletedCount: 0|1}` (first by natural order unless `sort` given); `deleteMany` → `{deletedCount}`; both use `DELETE ... RETURNING "_extra"` to decrement `_terreno_columns.spilled_rows` for the paths the deleted rows had spilled; `replaceOne(filter, doc, {upsert})` → `{matchedCount, modifiedCount, upsertedCount, upsertedId}`; replacing with a different `_id` → error `code: 66`. A write-conflict (`SQLITE_BUSY` after timeout) maps to `code: 112`.
+  - Cases:
+    - insert 3, `insertMany` ordered with the 2nd a duplicate `_id` → 1 inserted, error `code: 11000` with `keyPattern: {_id: 1}`; unordered → 2 inserted and one `writeErrors` entry with `index: 1`
+    - duplicate on a unique secondary index (from T11; this case is `test.todo` until T11 lands and then enabled there) 
+    - `deleteOne({n: {$gt: 0}})` deletes exactly one; `deleteMany({})` returns the full count; `deleteMany` with no match → 0
+    - `replaceOne` replaces the whole document (old fields gone); `upsert: true` with no match inserts and returns `upsertedId`; replacement containing `_id` equal to the matched one is fine; different `_id` → code 66 on both
+    - `insertMany([])` → both throw the same `Invalid` error (Mongoose rejects empty arrays before the driver; asserted through the model)
+    - isDeleted plugin: `Model.find()` after `doc.deleted = true; save()` excludes it, `find({deleted: {$in: [true, false]}})` includes it (plugin query middleware through the driver)
+  - Blast radius: `insertMany` is used by `@terreno/test` fixture cache and `sync/loadHarness` (not run on SQLite in v1)
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T9** — Update operator engine and `findOneAnd*`
+  - Depends on: T6, T8 (upserts insert rows and every error shape uses the `WriteError` classes T8 defines in `writes/errors.ts`)
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/writes/applyUpdate.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/update.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/findAndModify.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/errors.ts (update-specific codes 14, 40, 66 added to T8's classes), db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/update.fields.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/update.arrays.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/update.upsert.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/update.findAndModify.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/update.errors.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/applyUpdate.test.ts
+  - Seam: `Model.updateOne/updateMany/findOneAndUpdate/findOneAndDelete/findOneAndReplace`, `doc.save()` on an existing document (Mongoose issues `updateOne` with `$set`/`$inc __v`), `Model.upsert` plugin
+  - Interface: update document operators `$set $unset $inc $mul $min $max $rename $currentDate $setOnInsert $push ($each $slice $position $sort) $pull (value or query) $pullAll $addToSet ($each) $pop`; positional `$`, all-positional `$[]`, filtered `$[id]` with `arrayFilters`; dotted paths create intermediate objects; `$inc` on a missing path creates it; type errors (`$inc` on a string) → Mongo's error `code: 14`; conflicting paths (`$set: {a: 1, "a.b": 2}`) → `code: 40`; updating `_id` → `code: 66`; replacement-style update without operators via `updateOne` → Mongoose rejects (asserted through model); aggregation pipeline update (`[{$set: ...}]`) → `UnsupportedCapabilityError("pipelineUpdates")`. Options: `upsert` (with `$setOnInsert` applied only on insert and the filter's equality fields seeded into the new doc), `returnDocument: "before" | "after"`, `sort`, `projection`, `includeResultMetadata` (returns `{value, lastErrorObject: {n, updatedExisting, upserted}, ok: 1}`). Results `{matchedCount, modifiedCount, upsertedCount, upsertedId, acknowledged}`; `modifiedCount` is 0 when the update changes nothing. Each operation runs inside one `BEGIN IMMEDIATE` transaction: select candidates (ordered by `sort`, limited to one for `*One`), apply operators in JS to the merged document, split it again with the column map, and `UPDATE` only the columns whose value changed plus `_extra`; `$set` of an undeclared path lands in `_extra`, `$set: {a: null}` sets the column NULL and lists `a` in `_nulls`, `$set` of a value that does not fit its typed column spills (and bumps `spilled_rows`), `$unset` sets the column NULL and removes the path from `_nulls` and `_extra` (decrementing `spilled_rows` when it was spilled), `$rename` moves a value between a column and `_extra` as the map dictates; `deleteOne/Many` and `replaceOne` (T8) read the old `_extra` with `RETURNING` to keep `spilled_rows` exact.
+  - Cases:
+    - `$set` nested path on a doc without the parent → parent created; `$unset` removes; `$set` then `find` sees it on both
+    - `$inc` by 2, by -1, on missing → 2/-1/created; `$inc` on string → code 14 on both
+    - `$min`/`$max` on numbers and Dates (only lower/higher wins); `$mul`; `$rename` to a new path; `$currentDate: {at: true}` sets a Date (compared with a 5 s tolerance)
+    - `$push` single, `$each` with `$position: 0`, `$slice: -3`, `$sort: {n: -1}`; `$push` onto a missing field creates an array; `$push` onto a non-array → code 2
+    - `$pull: {tags: "x"}`, `$pull: {items: {qty: {$lt: 2}}}`, `$pullAll`, `$addToSet` no duplicate and with `$each`, `$pop: 1` and `-1`
+    - positional: `updateOne({"items.name": "a"}, {$set: {"items.$.qty": 9}})` updates only the matched element; `$[]` updates all; `$[e]` with `arrayFilters: [{"e.qty": {$gt: 1}}]`
+    - `updateMany` on 5 matching docs → `matchedCount: 5, modifiedCount: 5`; same update again → `modifiedCount: 0`
+    - `upsert: true` no match → inserted doc contains the filter's equality fields and `$setOnInsert` fields, `upsertedId` returned; with a match `$setOnInsert` is ignored
+    - `findOneAndUpdate` default returns the pre-image; `returnDocument: "after"` the post-image; `sort: {n: -1}` picks the highest; `projection` applied; no match → `null`; `includeResultMetadata: true` → `{value, lastErrorObject.updatedExisting}` matches Mongo
+    - `findOneAndDelete` returns the deleted doc and removes it; `findOneAndReplace` with `returnDocument: "after"`
+    - two concurrent `findOneAndUpdate({claimed: false}, {$set: {claimed: true}})` on one doc → exactly one returns the doc (the `jobs` claim pattern)
+    - `doc.save()` after a field change issues an update with `__v`; a stale document save (another writer bumped `__v`) → Mongoose `VersionError` on both (the `syncPlugin` optimistic-concurrency path)
+    - conflicting paths → code 40; `$set: {_id: other}` → code 66; pipeline update → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`
+    - `$set: {legacy: 1}` on a `strict: false` model → readable on both; `collection.updateOne({_id}, {$set: {n: "x"}})` through the raw collection → spilled, `find({n: "x"})` matches on both; then `$inc: {n: 1}` → code 14 on both
+    - unit: `updateOne` with `$set: {title: "b"}` issues an `UPDATE` naming only `"title"` and `"__v"` (spy on the handle); `$set: {title: null}` names `"title"` and `"_nulls"`
+    - `spilled_rows` bookkeeping: raw `$set: {n: "x"}` → `_terreno_columns.n.spilled_rows === 1`; `$set: {n: 2}` on that row → 0; spill again then `deleteOne` → 0; spill then `replaceOne` with a fitting value → 0 (read through the handle)
+  - Blast radius: `jobs` claim locks, `createdUpdatedPlugin` (`updateOne` with `$set updated` in pre-hooks), Better Auth user sync (`$unset`/`$inc`), `mcp` tokens (`$max`, `$setOnInsert`); all exercised again in T20
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T10** — `bulkWrite`
+  - Depends on: T8, T9
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/writes/bulkWrite.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/bulk.test.ts
+  - Seam: `Model.bulkWrite(ops, {ordered})`, `Model.bulkSave(docs)`
+  - Interface: ops `insertOne updateOne updateMany replaceOne deleteOne deleteMany` with per-op `upsert`/`arrayFilters`; `ordered: true` stops at the first error and reports completed counts; `ordered: false` runs every op and collects `writeErrors`; result `{insertedCount, matchedCount, modifiedCount, deletedCount, upsertedCount, upsertedIds, insertedIds}`; the whole batch runs in one transaction when ordered (all-or-nothing up to the failing op, matching Mongo's observable result) and per-op transactions when unordered.
+  - Cases:
+    - mixed 6-op batch → every count matches Mongo
+    - ordered with a duplicate-key insert at index 2 → ops 0–1 applied, error with `result.insertedCount` and `writeErrors[0].index === 2`
+    - unordered with the same batch → 5 applied, one error at index 2
+    - `bulkSave` of 3 modified documents writes all three and bumps `__v`
+    - empty `ops` → both throw the same invalid-argument error
+  - Blast radius: none new
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T11** — Indexes
+  - Depends on: T7, T8, T9
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/indexes/createIndex.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/listIndexes.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/names.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/metadata.ts, db-sqlite/src/dialect/dialectParity.test.ts (index DDL cases), db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/indexes.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/names.test.ts
+  - Seam: `collection.createIndex/createIndexes/listIndexes/indexes/dropIndex/dropIndexes`, `Model.init()`, `Model.ensureIndexes()`, `Model.syncIndexes()`, `Model.listIndexes()`, schema `index: true`, `unique`, `sparse`, `expireAfterSeconds`, `partialFilterExpression`, `schema.index({...})`
+  - Interface: `createIndex(keys, options)` → the index name (Mongo's `field_1_other_-1` convention or `options.name`); re-creating an identical index is a no-op; creating a same-name index with different keys → error `code: 85` (`IndexOptionsConflict`); same keys, different options → `code: 86`; creating a unique index over existing duplicates → `code: 11000` with `keyValue` of the first duplicate; `listIndexes()` returns `[{v: 2, key: {_id: 1}, name: "_id_"}, ...]` with `unique`, `sparse`, `expireAfterSeconds`, `partialFilterExpression` when set; `dropIndex(name)` removes it (`code: 27` when missing); `dropIndexes()` keeps `_id_`; `background`, `collation` ignored with a debug log; an index key on a typed column is a plain B-tree index on that column, a key on a JSON path or an undeclared path is an expression index on `json_extract`; a unique index over a typed column cannot see values that spilled to `_extra` (two rows holding the number `5` in a String path both insert on SQLite and conflict on Mongo), recorded as a row in `## Divergences found` with its conformance case; Mongo's non-sparse unique index treats missing and `null` as one key, and SQLite's `UNIQUE` treats NULLs as distinct, so inside the write transaction the insert, update, replace, and upsert paths check `SELECT 1 FROM t WHERE "p" IS NULL LIMIT 1` for every non-sparse unique path the new row leaves missing or `null` (the same index serves the lookup) and throw `code: 11000` with `keyValue: {p: null}`, matching Mongo; `text`, `2dsphere`, `hashed` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`; `partialFilterExpression` supports equality, `$exists`, `$type`, `$gt/$gte/$lt/$lte`, `$and`; `syncIndexes()` drops indexes not in the schema and creates missing ones, returning the dropped names, same as Mongo.
+  - Cases (conformance, `listIndexes` normalized by dropping `v` and sorting by name):
+    - a schema with `email: {unique: true}`, `created: {index: true}`, `schema.index({a: 1, b: -1})` → `init()` then `listIndexes()` equal on both
+    - inserting two docs with the same `email` → second fails `code: 11000`, `keyPattern: {email: 1}`, `keyValue: {email: "x"}`; updating a doc to a duplicate email → same error
+    - sparse unique on `githubId`: two docs without the field coexist; two with the same value conflict
+    - non-sparse unique on `email`: two docs without `email` → the second fails `code: 11000` with `keyValue: {email: null}` on both; a doc with `email: null` after one without → 11000 on both; `updateOne` that `$unset`s `email` on a second doc when one already lacks it → 11000 on both
+    - partial unique `{name, idempotencyKey}` where `idempotencyKey: {$type: "string"}` (the `jobs` pattern): two docs with no key coexist; same key conflicts; `{deleted: false}` partial (the `notificationPreference` pattern)
+    - compound unique `{organizationId, userId}`
+    - `createIndex` twice → no error, one entry; conflicting name → code 85; `dropIndex("nope")` → code 27; `dropIndexes()` leaves `_id_`
+    - `syncIndexes()` after removing an index from the schema → returns the dropped name; index gone on both
+    - creating a unique index over existing duplicates → code 11000 on both; no index created
+    - a filter `{email: "x"}` on the indexed collection compiles to SQL that uses the index (`EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN` contains `USING INDEX`; SQLite-only assertion)
+    - `schema.index({"items.qty": 1})` (a JSON path) → an expression index whose `listIndexes` spec equals Mongo's; `{"items.qty": {$gt: 2}}` uses it (`EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN`)
+    - the spilled-uniqueness divergence: two docs with the number `5` in a unique String path, written through the raw collection → Mongo throws 11000, SQLite inserts both; the case asserts exactly this and the `## Divergences found` row names it
+    - `text` index → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`
+    - the T8 unique-secondary-index `test.todo` case is enabled here
+  - Blast radius: `ensureSyncIndexes`, `webhooks` idempotency store, `rateLimit` mongo store (gated), audit TTL (T12); `@terreno/test` `ensureAllIndexes` (T19)
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T12** — TTL expiry sweeper
+  - Depends on: T11
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/indexes/ttl.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/ttl.test.ts
+  - Seam: `expireAfterSeconds` on `createIndex`; `connection.getClient().sweepExpired(now?: Date)`; `installSqliteDriver({ttlSweepIntervalMs})`
+  - Interface: every index with `expireAfterSeconds` registers a sweep rule; `ttl.ts` registers its timer through the `lifecycle.ts` `onOpen`/`onClose` hooks from T2 and runs `sweepExpired()` every `ttlSweepIntervalMs` (default 60000; `0` disables, and the `@terreno/test` preload sets 0); `sweepExpired(now)` deletes documents whose indexed field is a Date (or an array whose earliest Date) older than `now - seconds`, ignores non-Date values and missing fields, and returns `{deleted: number}`. Timer is `unref`'d so it never keeps a process alive.
+  - Cases:
+    - index `{created: 1}` with `expireAfterSeconds: 60`; docs created at now-120s, now-30s, no `created`, `created: "string"` → `sweepExpired(now)` deletes exactly the first, returns `{deleted: 1}`
+    - array field with Dates [now-120s, now] → deleted (earliest wins)
+    - `expireAfterSeconds: 0` with a future `expiresAt` → kept until `now >= expiresAt` (the `authTokens` pattern)
+    - `listIndexes()` shows `expireAfterSeconds` (conformance with Mongo)
+    - with `ttlSweepIntervalMs: 50` and fake timers, the sweep runs on schedule; `disconnect()` stops it
+    - Mongo side of the conformance case asserts only `listIndexes` (Mongo's TTL monitor runs on its own 60 s cadence and is not awaited)
+  - Blast radius: `TerrenoAuthToken`, `TerrenoWebhookReceipt`, `TerrenoMcpOAuth*`, `TerrenoMcpServiceToken`, `SyncMutation`, `TerrenoAuditEvent` retention
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T13** — `aggregate`: SQL prefix plus in-memory remainder
+  - Depends on: T7
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/aggregate/plan.ts, db-sqlite/src/aggregate/memoryPipeline.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/aggregate.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/aggregate/plan.test.ts (`mingo` is already declared by T2)
+  - Seam: `Model.aggregate(pipeline)`, `.cursor()`, `.exec()`
+  - Interface: a leading run of `$match`, `$sort`, `$skip`, `$limit`, `$count`, and inclusion-only `$project` compiles to SQL (reusing T6/T7); the remaining stages run in memory over the decoded candidates with an embedded pipeline engine (`mingo`, Q6) supporting `$group` (`$sum $avg $min $max $first $last $push $addToSet $count`), `$project` with expressions, `$addFields`/`$set`, `$unset`, `$unwind`, `$match` (post-group), `$sort`, `$skip`, `$limit`, `$facet`, `$sample`, `$lookup` (with `from` resolved to another table in the same connection, equality and pipeline forms), `$replaceRoot`, `$dateToString`, `$cond`, `$ifNull`, arithmetic and string expressions. `$out`, `$merge`, `$function`, `$where`, `$search`, `$geoNear` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`. When the in-memory stage set loads more than `aggregateMemoryWarnRows` (default 10000) candidates, a warning is logged once per pipeline shape. `explain()` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`. Results are plain objects (not hydrated), as with Mongo.
+  - Cases (conformance):
+    - `[{$match: {status: "done"}}, {$count: "n"}]` → `[{n: k}]`
+    - `[{$match}, {$group: {_id: "$status", total: {$sum: "$amount"}, c: {$sum: 1}}}, {$sort: {_id: 1}}]` → equal
+    - `[{$group: {_id: null, max: {$max: "$n"}, avg: {$avg: "$n"}}}]`
+    - `$unwind: "$tags"` then `$group` by tag; `$unwind` with `preserveNullAndEmptyArrays`
+    - `$lookup` from a second collection by `localField/foreignField`, then `$unwind` and `$project` (the `aiRequestsExplorer` shape)
+    - `$facet` with two sub-pipelines each `$match`+`$count` (the `announcements` overview shape)
+    - `$project: {day: {$dateToString: {format: "%Y-%m-%d", date: "$created"}}}` then `$group` by day (the `comms` dashboard shape)
+    - `$sample: {size: 3}` → 3 docs on both (`sameCount`)
+    - `$sort` then `$skip` then `$limit` on 20 docs → equal page
+    - `$out` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError`; empty pipeline → all docs
+    - plan unit: `[{$match}, {$sort}, {$limit}, {$group}]` → SQL prefix of 3 stages, memory remainder of 1
+  - Blast radius: `jobs` admin stats, `comms` dashboard, `announcements` overview, `ai` explorer run in their own suites (X4), not in v1 CI
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T14** — Capabilities, `connection.db` shim, sessions, admin commands
+  - Depends on: T4
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/driver/db.ts, db-sqlite/src/capabilities.ts, db-sqlite/src/errors.ts, db-sqlite/src/index.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/db.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/capabilities.test.ts
+  - Seam: `mongoose.connection.db`, `connection.getClient()`, `connection.startSession()`, `connection.useDb()`, `connection.dropDatabase()`, `connection.listCollections()`, `getDatabaseCapabilities()`
+  - Interface: `connection.db` exposes `collection(name)` (the driver collection, so `model.collection.findOne`, `collection.updateOne`, `collection.createIndex`, `collection.indexes()`, `collection.deleteMany`, `collection.find().limit(1).next()` all work as in the inventory), `command({ping: 1})` → `{ok: 1}`, `command({hello: 1})` → `{ok: 1, isWritablePrimary: true, maxBsonObjectSize, setName: undefined}` (so replica-set assertions that check `setName` see "not a replica set"), `listCollections().toArray()` → `[{name, type: "collection"}]`, `createCollection(name)`, `dropCollection(name)`, `dropDatabase()` (drops every table and index metadata), `databaseName` (from the URI path), `watch()` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError("changeStreams")`, `admin().command({ping})` and `admin().serverStatus()` → `{ok: 1, ...}` minimal. `connection.startSession()` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError("transactions")`. `connection.useDb(name)` → error (one file is one database). `getDatabaseCapabilities()` without an argument reads `mongoose.connection`; returns the table in Contracts; for a native Mongo connection returns `kind: "mongodb"` with every capability true; on a SQL connection it works before `openUri` (the connection class carries `capabilities`), which T30's `build()` relies on.
+  - Cases:
+    - `db.command({ping: 1})` → `{ok: 1}`; `{hello: 1}` has no `setName`
+    - `db.collection("x").insertOne` then `listCollections` contains `x`; `dropCollection("x")` removes it; `dropDatabase()` leaves no tables except `_terreno_indexes` emptied
+    - `model.collection.findOne({_id})` returns the raw encoded-then-decoded document (ObjectId, Date intact), bypassing Mongoose middleware (the `docLoader` soft-delete probe pattern)
+    - `db.watch()` → `UnsupportedCapabilityError` with `capability: "changeStreams"`; `connection.startSession()` → `capability: "transactions"`
+    - `getDatabaseCapabilities()` on SQLite → `{kind: "sqlite", changeStreams: false, changeFeed: "none" (T24 flips to "inProcess"), transactions: false, pipelineUpdates: false, textSearch: false, ttlIndexes: "sweeper"}`; on a Mongo memory server → all true, `ttlIndexes: "native"`
+    - `useDb("other")` → error naming one-database-per-file
+  - Blast radius: `getMongoClientFromMongoose` (T18), `terreno-migrate` runner and lock (T16), `rateLimit` and webhook stores (T17), `ai` harness `hello` probe (X4)
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T15** — Randomized differential fuzzing
+  - Depends on: T7, T9
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/conformance/fuzz/generators.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/fuzz/queries.fuzz.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/conformance/fuzz/updates.fuzz.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/** (driver fixes for divergences the fuzzer finds, each with a named conformance case) (`fast-check` is already declared by T2)
+  - Seam: the conformance harness with generated inputs
+  - Interface: `fast-check` arbitraries build a typed fixture schema (string, number, int, boolean, Date, ObjectId, null-or-missing, string array, subdocument array with two fields), 30–60 documents, then random filters (operators from the T6 set, depth ≤ 3, paths from the schema), random sorts (1–2 keys), random projections, skip/limit, and random update documents (operators from T9, paths from the schema). Each run: `find(filter).sort().skip().limit().select()` and `countDocuments` on both databases → `equal`; `updateMany(filter, update)` then `find({})` sorted by `_id` → `equal`, or both throw with the same `code`. `DB_SQLITE_FUZZ_RUNS` (default 300 per file in CI, 5000 when set) and `DB_SQLITE_FUZZ_SEED` for replay; failures print the seed, the fixture, and the minimal shrunk input.
+  - Cases:
+    - 300 random query runs → no divergence (CI)
+    - 300 random update runs → no divergence
+    - a deliberately wrong compiler (test-only injected `compileFilter` that drops `$ne`) is caught within 300 runs (proves the fuzzer has teeth)
+    - replay with `DB_SQLITE_FUZZ_SEED` reproduces the same inputs (two runs, identical generated case list)
+  - Blast radius: none
+  - Test skills: none
+  - Docs: db-sqlite/README.md "Fuzzing" section with the two env vars
+
+- [ ] **T16** — Schema, column, and index change suite (DDL reconciliation), `terreno-migrate` on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T11, T12, T3, T4, T14, T30
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/schema/ddl.ts (reconciliation), db-sqlite/src/schema/orphans.ts, db-sqlite/src/schema/ddl.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/dialect/dialectParity.test.ts (column DDL cases), db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges/evolve.ts, db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges/fields.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges/columns.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges/indexes.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges/idTypes.test.ts, db-sqlite/src/schemaChanges/strict.test.ts, api/src/migrations/cli.ts, api/src/migrations/cli.test.ts, api/src/isolated/migrateCliSqlite.isolated.ts, api/src/migrations/runner.ts (only if a Mongo-ism blocks SQLite; expected none)
+  - Seam: model redefinition across "versions" (`evolve({from: schemaV1, to: schemaV2, data})` registers V1, seeds, deletes the model, registers V2 on the same collection, calls `init()`/`syncIndexes()`, and returns reads, `listIndexes`, and on SQLite `PRAGMA table_info` plus `_terreno_columns`), `connection.getClient().reconcileSchema(collection)`, `listOrphanedColumns()`, `dropOrphanedColumns({collection?})`, and the `terreno-migrate` CLI
+  - Interface: `reconcileSchema` runs on `Model.init()` and on the first write to a collection, inside one write transaction, under the `reconcile` policy (`installSqliteDriver({reconcile})` or the URI parameter `?reconcile=`): `"additive"` (default when `NODE_ENV=production`) adds columns, backfills, recounts spills, and marks orphans, but a pending column rebuild makes `init()` reject with `Error("Pending schema rebuild for <collection>.<path>: run terreno-migrate reconcile --apply or set reconcile=full")` listing the DDL; `"full"` (default otherwise) also applies rebuilds; `"check"` applies nothing and rejects on any pending DDL, listing it. `terreno-migrate status` prints the pending DDL and orphaned columns on SQLite, and `terreno-migrate reconcile [--apply]` prints or applies it. Per the Storage layout "Schema change" row: it diffs the collection's column map against `PRAGMA table_info` and `_terreno_columns`, adds columns for new paths and backfills them from `_extra` (`UPDATE t SET "p" = <decoded from _extra> , "_extra" = json_remove("_extra", '$.p') WHERE json_type("_extra", '$.p') IS NOT NULL`, through the codec so types are checked and values that do not fit stay in `_extra`), marks columns whose path no schema declares as `orphaned` without touching their data, and rebuilds a column whose schema type or kind changed (drop the indexes that reference it, add the new column, copy values that fit, spill the rest to `_extra`, drop the old column, recreate the indexes from `_terreno_indexes`), logging one `warn` per DDL change with the SQL. DDL never converts a value. `dropOrphanedColumns` is the only destructive step and is called from a migration file's `up`. Every scenario runs on both databases through the conformance harness and compares the observable results: documents read back through V2 (hydrated, `toObject`), `listIndexes` normalized, errors by `code`; SQLite-only assertions check the table shape. The `terreno-migrate` CLI connects through `connectDatabase` (T30) instead of `mongoose.connect`, so a `sqlite://` URI works and a missing `@terreno/db-sqlite` exits 1 with that helper's install message; on SQLite, `status` also prints the orphaned-column count. The CLI test runs `terreno-migrate status`, `up`, `down`, `check` as a child process with `MONGO_URI=sqlite://<tmp>` and a migrations dir whose `up` calls `mongoose.connection.collection("todos").createIndex({owner: 1})` and `down` drops it.
+  - Cases:
+    - add optional field with `default` → V1 docs read through V2 show the default; stored doc unchanged until save; SQLite: the column exists after `init()`, NULL for old rows
+    - add a field that V1 rows already carried in `_extra` (written with `strict: false`) → after V2 `init()` the values sit in the new column and `_extra` no longer has the key; reads equal on both
+    - add `required: true` field with no default → reading V1 docs works; `save()` on one → `ValidationError` on both; `updateOne` with `$set` of the new field works
+    - remove a field from the schema → V2 reads drop it from `toObject()` (strict) and `find({removed: "x"})` still matches the stored value on both (Mongoose casts unknown paths as-is when `strictQuery` is false; the case pins whatever Mongo does); SQLite: `_terreno_columns` marks the column `orphaned`, `listOrphanedColumns()` lists it, the raw collection still reads the value
+    - after removing a field, a `strict: false` V2 write sets the removed path on a new row (it lands in `_extra`) → `find({removed: "x"})` returns the old row (orphaned column) and the new row (`_extra`) on both
+    - `dropOrphanedColumns()` from a migration `up` → the column is gone from `PRAGMA table_info`, other rows and columns intact; `down` cannot restore it and says so
+    - rename via schema change only (no data migration) → new field reads undefined, old data still queryable through the raw collection; identical on both
+    - type change string → number on existing string data → the column is rebuilt; `"5"` and `"abc"` spill to `_extra` unchanged, so reads cast where Mongo would (`"5"` → 5) and fail the same way for `"abc"` (`CastError` on both); a value that fits (a numeric string is not one; a Number→String change with `5` → `"5"` is not either: nothing is converted) is copied only when its runtime type already matches
+    - a failure injected mid-rebuild (test hook throws after the copy) → the table is unchanged (transaction rolled back) and the next `init()` completes the rebuild
+    - policy: the type-change scenario under `reconcile: "additive"` → `init()` rejects naming the collection, path, and the two remedies, and the table is unchanged; under `"check"` even an added field rejects, listing `ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN`; `terreno-migrate reconcile` prints the same DDL and `--apply` applies it, after which `init()` under `"additive"` passes
+    - rollback: V2 → V1 after a rebuild under `"full"` → the column is rebuilt back, every value reads as it did under V1 (nothing was converted either way), and a third `init()` on V1 performs no DDL (spy on the handle)
+    - type change on a path with `unique: true` and on a path with a compound index → rebuild succeeds, `listIndexes` is unchanged before and after, the unique constraint still fires afterwards, on both databases
+    - kind change `[String]` → `String`: stored arrays spill to `_extra` and read back as arrays (Mongoose casts them as Mongo does); `String` → `[String]`: stored strings spill and Mongoose casts `"x"` to `["x"]` on both
+    - enum narrowed → existing out-of-enum values read fine, `save()` fails on both
+    - add a subdocument array field; add a `Map` field → JSON columns added
+    - discriminators: registering `B` after `A` on one collection adds `B`'s columns; rows of `A` have NULL there
+    - a raw `collection.insertOne` on a collection with no model (table has `_id` and `_extra`), then a model registered on it and `init()` → columns added and backfilled from `_extra`; reads equal on both
+    - `_id` type: ObjectId model and String model on sibling collections; a String `_id` model's `findById("uuid")` works; switching a collection from ObjectId `_id` to String `_id` schema → old docs read with `ObjectId` `_id` (Mongoose casts to string) on both
+    - `strict: "throw"` model over a collection containing an extra legacy field → `find` succeeds, `toObject()` omits it, `save()` succeeds without the field on both
+    - index added (`init()`) → appears in `listIndexes`; index removed from schema then `syncIndexes()` → dropped; unique index added over duplicate data → `code: 11000` on both and `listIndexes` unchanged; index options changed (`sparse` toggled) → `syncIndexes()` drops and recreates; TTL added to an existing field → `listIndexes` shows it (SQLite: `sweepExpired(now)` removes old rows)
+    - new collection appears after first write and in `listCollections`
+    - dialect parity unit: `reconcileSchema` plans compiled with `fakePostgresDialect` emit `ALTER TABLE ... ADD COLUMN "p" DOUBLE PRECISION`, `JSONB` for JSON columns, and no `PRAGMA`
+    - migrate CLI: `status` → 1 pending (and `orphaned columns: 0` on SQLite); `up` → applied, `collection("todos").indexes()` has `owner_1`, history row in `migrations`; `status` → 0 pending; `down` → index gone, history row removed; `up --dry` writes no history; the lock collection releases after each command; the exact same transcript (normalized for paths, timestamps, and the SQLite-only line) is produced against a Mongo memory server
+    - migrate CLI with a `sqlite://` URI and `@terreno/db-sqlite` unresolvable (test injects a failing resolver into `connectDatabase`) → exit 1 with the install message; with a `mongodb://` URI the resolver is never asked (spy)
+  - Blast radius: `terreno-migrate generate` reads schemas only (no DB) and is unchanged; `admin-backend` migrations UI passes `mongoose.connection` (X4); every `Model.init()` in every package suite now runs `reconcileSchema` on SQLite (T20, T29 are the gates)
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env (CLI test sets `MONGO_URI`)
+  - Docs: `docs/how-to/run-mongodb-migrations.md` gains a "SQLite" section (connection, automatic DDL, `dropOrphanedColumns`), written here since this task proves it
+
+- [ ] **T17** — `@terreno/api` capability gating and database-kind helpers
+  - Depends on: T14, T7, T19 (the file runs under both `TERRENO_TEST_DB` values, which T19 introduces; under the Mongo preload the shared instance is already connected, so `setDriver` would throw)
+  - Files: api/src/db/capabilities.ts, api/src/db/capabilities.test.ts, api/src/terrenoApp.ts, api/src/realtime/realtimeApp.ts, api/src/sync/syncApp.ts, api/src/rateLimit/createStore.ts, api/src/api.ts, api/src/index.ts, feature-flags/src/featureFlagsApp.ts, api/src/terrenoApp.sqlite.test.ts
+  - Seam: `TerrenoApp.register(...)` / `build()`; exported `getDatabaseCapabilities`, `requireCapability(name, feature)`
+  - Interface: `@terreno/api` exports `getDatabaseCapabilities(connection?)` that returns Mongo-all-true when the connection's driver is Mongoose's native one and otherwise delegates to the driver's own `capabilities` property (duck-typed, so `@terreno/api` does not import `@terreno/db-sqlite`). Framework code uses the shared `mongoose` instance, so an api test file runs against one database kind per process; parity is obtained by running the same file under both `TERRENO_TEST_DB` values (the Mongo CI job and the SQLite CI job), not by two connections in one process. `requireCapability("changeStreams", "RealtimeApp")` throws `APIError({status: 500, code: "database-capability-missing", title: "Database capability missing", detail: "RealtimeApp requires changeStreams; the sqlite database does not provide it"})`. `RealtimeApp.register` and `SyncApp.register` call `requireCapability("changeFeed")` (any value other than `"none"`); `rateLimit.store: "mongo"` requires `pipelineUpdates` at `build()`; `$search`/`$autocomplete` handling in `api.ts` requires `textSearch` and returns 400 otherwise; `feature-flags` checks `changeStreams` before calling `watch()` and logs one info line when skipping. `TerrenoApp.build()` logs `database kind: <kind>` once, and logs a warning `SQLite on a serverless or multi-instance host loses data on instance recycle` when `kind === "sqlite"` and `K_SERVICE` (Cloud Run) or `VERCEL` is set.
+  - Cases (the file runs under both `TERRENO_TEST_DB` values; each case states which kind it asserts on):
+    - mongo: every registration passes (existing api tests unchanged)
+    - sqlite: `new TerrenoApp({userModel}).register(new RealtimeApp())` → `build()` throws `code: "database-capability-missing"` naming `RealtimeApp` and `changeFeed`; same for `SyncApp` and `rateLimit: {store: "mongo"}`
+    - sqlite: a plain `modelRouter` app builds and serves `GET /todos` with `{data, limit, more, page, total}` (supertest through `getBaseServer`)
+    - sqlite: with `K_SERVICE=x` set for the test, `build()` logs the serverless warning once; unset → no warning; mongo → no warning
+    - `getDatabaseCapabilities()` returns `kind: "mongodb"` on the memory server
+    - `feature-flags` on SQLite: `FeatureFlagsApp.register` does not call `watch()` and logs once; flag reads work
+    - `$search` query on SQLite → 400 with the capability name in `detail`
+  - Blast radius: `RealtimeApp`/`SyncApp` registration tests on Mongo (must still pass); T24 relaxes the `changeFeed` gate for the in-process source
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `docs/reference/api.md` gains `getDatabaseCapabilities` / `requireCapability` entries
+
+- [ ] **T30** — `TerrenoApp` owns the database connection
+  - Depends on: T4, T17, T19
+  - Files: api/src/db/connect.ts, api/src/db/connect.test.ts, api/src/terrenoApp.ts, api/src/terrenoApp.database.test.ts, api/src/index.ts, api/package.json (optional peer `@terreno/db-sqlite`), docs/reference/api.md, docs/explanation/modular-api-design.md
+  - Seam: `new TerrenoApp({userModel, databaseUri, databaseName?})`; exported `connectDatabase({uri, dbName?, mongoose?})`, `installDriverForUri({uri, mongoose?})`, `databaseKindFromUri(uri)`
+  - Interface: `databaseKindFromUri` → `"sqlite"` for `sqlite:`, `"mongodb"` for `mongodb:` and `mongodb+srv:`, otherwise throws `APIError({status: 500, code: "database-uri-unsupported", title: "Unsupported database URI"})`. `installDriverForUri` is synchronous: for `sqlite:` it loads `@terreno/db-sqlite` with `createRequire(import.meta.url)` (the package has no top-level await, T2; `require(esm)` needs Node ≥ 22.13, the repository's `engines` floor, or Bun) and calls `installSqliteDriver({uri, mongoose})`, returning `{installed: true}`; when the package cannot be resolved it throws `APIError({status: 500, code: "database-driver-missing", title: "Database driver missing", detail: "Install @terreno/db-sqlite to use a sqlite:// URI"})`; for Mongo it returns `{installed: false}`. `connectDatabase` calls `installDriverForUri`, then `mongoose.connect(uri, {dbName})`, and returns `{kind, connection}`; already connected to the same URI → returns without reconnecting; connected to a different URI → throws `code: "database-already-connected"`. `TerrenoApp`: when `databaseUri` is set, `build()` calls `installDriverForUri` before anything else, so the T17 capability gates and the `database kind` log see the SQLite connection class before a socket or file opens; `start()` binds `PORT` as today, then `completeStart` awaits `connectDatabase` before `ensureSyncIndexes` and startup migrations, so `whenReady()` resolves after the connection is open (Mongoose buffers model calls that arrive earlier, as it does today); `connectDatabase()` is also a public method for tests and `build()`-only callers. Without `databaseUri` nothing changes. `TerrenoApp` never reads `MONGO_URI` itself; the app passes it.
+  - Cases:
+    - `databaseKindFromUri` for `sqlite://./x.db`, `sqlite::memory:`, `mongodb://h/db`, `mongodb+srv://h/db` → kinds; `postgres://h/db` and `""` → `database-uri-unsupported`
+    - `installDriverForUri({uri: "mongodb://x"})` → `{installed: false}` and no `setDriver` call (spy); `{uri: "sqlite://...", mongoose: other}` where `other = new Mongoose()` → `other.connections[0]` is the SQL connection and the shared instance is untouched; with a test-injected failing resolver → `database-driver-missing` whose `detail` names the install command
+    - `connectDatabase({uri: "sqlite://<tmp>", mongoose: other})` → `readyState === 1`, `kind: "sqlite"`; called again with the same URI → no second connect (spy); with a different URI → `database-already-connected`
+    - `connectDatabase({uri: <memory server uri>, dbName: "x"})` → `connection.name === "x"` (the Mongo run of this file)
+    - `terrenoApp.database.test.ts` runs under both `TERRENO_TEST_DB` values (T19) and passes `databaseUri: getTestDatabaseUri()`, the URI the preload already opened on the shared instance, so `installDriverForUri` is a no-op (driver already installed, or Mongo) and `connectDatabase` returns the open connection: `new TerrenoApp({userModel, databaseUri, skipListen: true}).register(todoRouter).start()`; `await app.whenReady()`; supertest `POST /todos` then `GET /todos` → the todo; on sqlite the file has a `todos` table (through the handle)
+    - same file: `databaseUri` set to a different URI than the preload's → `whenReady()` rejects with `database-already-connected`
+    - sqlite: `build()` alone with `databaseUri` → the `database kind: sqlite` log fires and `register(new RealtimeApp())` is gated by T17 (before T24) without a second connect
+    - fresh-process behaviour (the preload never connected) is covered in `connect.test.ts` on a `new Mongoose()` instance: `installDriverForUri` installs, `connectDatabase` opens the file, `whenReady()` ordering is asserted through `connectDatabase({mongoose: other})` held by a test hook while a TCP connect to the port-0 server succeeds, and `whenReady()` resolves only after the hook releases (`TerrenoApp` takes an internal `mongoose` override for this test only)
+    - every existing test that constructs `TerrenoApp` without `databaseUri` passes unchanged under the Mongo preload
+    - connect failure (`sqlite://` under a directory with no write permission, on `other`) → `whenReady()` rejects with the underlying error and, without `skipListen`, the existing exit path runs (spy on `process.exit`)
+  - Blast radius: every `TerrenoApp` consumer (default behavior unchanged when `databaseUri` is absent); `terreno-migrate` (T16) and example-backend (T21) switch to `connectDatabase` / `databaseUri`; the create-terreno-app template (T28)
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `docs/reference/api.md` `TerrenoAppOptions.databaseUri` / `databaseName` and `connectDatabase`; `docs/explanation/modular-api-design.md` startup sequence (connect happens inside `start()`)
+
+- [ ] **T18** — Better Auth on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T14, T9, T7, T19
+  - Files: api/src/db/betterAuthDatabase.ts, api/src/db/betterAuthSqliteDialect.ts, api/src/db/betterAuthSqliteDialect.test.ts, api/src/betterAuthSetup.ts, api/src/betterAuthApp.ts, api/src/betterAuthSqlite.integration.test.ts, api/src/db/betterAuthDatabase.test.ts
+  - Seam: `BetterAuthApp.register`, `POST /api/auth/sign-up/email`, `POST /api/auth/sign-in/email`, `GET /api/auth/get-session`, `req.user`
+  - Interface: `getBetterAuthDatabase(connection)` returns `mongodbAdapter(client.db())` for a Mongo connection (today's behavior, unchanged) and, for a SQLite connection, `{dialect: new TerrenoSqliteKyselyDialect(sibling), type: "sqlite"}`, where `sibling` is a second `DriverHandle` the driver opens on the same file (`getClient().openSibling()`; WAL and `busy_timeout` handle cross-connection locking) and `TerrenoSqliteKyselyDialect` (`api/src/db/betterAuthSqliteDialect.ts`) implements Kysely's `Dialect`/`Driver` over the `DriverHandle` interface (`executeQuery` → `handle.all/run`, `beginTransaction/commit/rollback` → `exec("BEGIN"/"COMMIT"/"ROLLBACK")` on the sibling, `SqliteAdapter`, `SqliteIntrospector`, `SqliteQueryCompiler`). Better Auth 1.7.4 accepts a Kysely dialect as `database`, so nothing depends on Better Auth detecting `bun:sqlite` or `node:sqlite` handles, and a custom `DriverHandle` works the same way. Better Auth never shares the driver's own handle, so its `BEGIN` statements cannot interleave with the driver's `BEGIN IMMEDIATE` transactions. `BetterAuthConfig.database` still overrides everything. The sibling is closed on `disconnect`. On SQLite, `BetterAuthApp.register` runs Better Auth's schema migrations (`getMigrations(auth.options).runMigrations()`) before serving, idempotently, in the same file. `getMongoClientFromMongoose` keeps its name and behavior for Mongo and throws a capability error on SQLite. User sync into the Mongoose `User` model (`exists`, `$regex` email lookup, `updateOne $unset/$inc`, `save`) runs through the driver unchanged.
+  - Cases (E3, supertest on `getBaseServer`; the file runs under both `TERRENO_TEST_DB` values, so the Mongo run is the parity baseline):
+    - sign-up with email and password → 200, a `User` document exists with `betterAuthId`, `email` lowercased
+    - 50 concurrent iterations of sign-in plus `Todo.create` on SQLite → all succeed, no `cannot start a transaction within a transaction` or `SQLITE_BUSY` error
+    - sign-in → `set-auth-token` or cookie; `GET /api/auth/get-session` → the user; a `modelRouter` route protected by `IsAuthenticated` sees `req.user._id` equal to that user
+    - sign-in with a wrong password → 401 on both
+    - second sign-up with the same email → 422 on both (Better Auth's own code)
+    - `register` twice on the same file → no migration error (idempotent)
+    - a custom `DriverHandle` (the T4 fake) → `register` succeeds and sign-up works through the Kysely dialect over that handle; `BetterAuthConfig.database` set → the dialect is not built (spy)
+    - `betterAuthSqliteDialect.test.ts`: a Kysely instance on the dialect runs `createTable`, `insertInto`, `selectFrom`, a transaction that rolls back, and `introspection.getTables()` against a temp file through `bun:sqlite` and through the fake handle
+    - Better Auth tables (`user`, `session`, `account`, `verification`) exist in the SQLite file after register (SQLite-only assertion through the handle)
+  - Blast radius: `accountSecurityService` and `betterAuthSetPassword` use `context.adapter.*` (Better Auth's adapter), so they inherit the Kysely adapter; `passkey`/`twoFactor` tables are created by the same migration (one case enables `passkey: true` and asserts the table exists)
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `docs/how-to/configure-better-auth.md` "Database" subsection
+
+- [ ] **T19** — `@terreno/test` SQLite mode
+  - Depends on: T14, T11
+  - Files: test/src/preload/registerBackendPreload.ts, test/src/preload/sqlite.ts, test/src/preload/dbKind.ts, test/src/index.ts, test/src/utils/ensureAllIndexes.ts, test/package.json (optional peer `@terreno/db-sqlite`), test/src/preload/sqlite.test.ts, api/src/tests.ts (re-export `clearTestCollections` from `api/src/tests/createTestData.ts`), scripts/ci/checkSqliteSkips.ts, scripts/ci/checkSqliteSkips.test.ts, package.json (root script `check:sqlite-skips`), docs/reference/test.md
+  - Seam: `registerSimpleMongoPreload`, `registerBackendPreload`, new exports `getTestDbKind()`, `getTestDatabaseUri()` (the URI the preload connected; the Mongo memory-server URI or the SQLite file), `describeIfDb(kind)`, `itIfCapability(name)`, `skipUnlessCapability(name)`; `bun run check:sqlite-skips [<package dirs>]` scans test files for `describeIfDb("mongo"`/`skipUnlessCapability(` calls and fails when one lacks a capability argument from the `DatabaseCapabilities` key set, printing `file:line capability`
+  - Interface: `TERRENO_TEST_DB` is `mongo` (default; nothing changes) or `sqlite`. In `sqlite` mode the preloads call `installSqliteDriver({ttlSweepIntervalMs: 0})`, create one temp file per test process under `os.tmpdir()/terreno-test-<pid>-<rand>.db`, connect with `sqlite://` and `mode=rwc`, and delete the file in `afterAll`. `TERRENO_TEST_SQLITE_URI` overrides the path. `registerBackendPreload({useTransactions: true})` or the fixture cache in sqlite mode → throws at preload with "Mongo only in Terreno 57; set TERRENO_TEST_DB=mongo". `getTestDbKind()` → `"mongo" | "sqlite"`. `describeIfDb("mongo")` → `describe` or `describe.skip` with the reason in the title. `skipUnlessCapability("changeStreams")` → calls `test.skip` equivalent inside a `beforeAll` for the file. `ensureAllIndexes` and `clearTestCollections` (in `@terreno/api/testing`) work on both. `startMongoServer` is not called in sqlite mode (no binary download).
+  - Cases:
+    - `TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite` with `registerSimpleMongoPreload`: `mongoose.connection.readyState === 1`, `getDatabaseCapabilities().kind === "sqlite"`, the temp file exists during the run and is gone after `afterAll`
+    - a model create/find in that mode works; `clearTestCollections` empties it
+    - `registerBackendPreload({useTransactions: true})` in sqlite mode → throws the Mongo-only error
+    - `describeIfDb("mongo")` under sqlite → the block is skipped and the title contains `[skipped: needs mongo]`
+    - `ensureAllIndexes()` under sqlite creates a schema's unique index (duplicate insert fails)
+    - default mode unchanged: `TERRENO_TEST_DB` unset → `getTestDbKind() === "mongo"` and `startMongoServer` is called (spy)
+    - `check:sqlite-skips` on a fixture dir: `describeIfDb("mongo", "needs changeStreams")` passes; `describeIfDb("mongo")` with no capability fails naming `file:line`; `skipUnlessCapability("transactions")` passes; `skipUnlessCapability("foo")` fails
+  - Blast radius: every package suite that uses these preloads (all keep default behavior; T20 and T22 switch two of them)
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `docs/reference/test.md` "Database kind" section
+
+- [ ] **T20** — Whole `@terreno/api` suite green on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T19, T10, T12, T13, T15, T16, T17, T18
+  - Files: api/package.json (`test:sqlite`), api/src/tests/bunSetup.ts, the Mongo-only test files that gain `describeIfDb("mongo")` or `skipUnlessCapability` (expected: realtime/*, sync/integration*, sync/loadHarness, changeStreamWatcher, rateLimit mongo store, migrations transaction tests, fixture-cache paths), db-sqlite/src/** (driver fixes for gaps the suite exposes), docs/explanation/database-drivers.md (skipped-file list and `## Divergences found` table, first draft)
+  - Seam: `cd api && TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite bun test` (script `test:sqlite`)
+  - Interface: exits 0. Every skipped file or block names a capability (`needs changeStreams`, `needs transactions`, `needs pipelineUpdates`, `needs textSearch`) and `bun run check:sqlite-skips api` (T19) passes. The remaining tests (about 3,500 across 164 files today) run unchanged against a real Express app on SQLite. Any divergence found is fixed in the driver with a new conformance case, never by weakening the api test, and recorded as a row in `## Divergences found` in `docs/explanation/database-drivers.md`: `| symptom | package and test | conformance case file |`; when the run exposed nothing the table holds the single row `none`.
+  - Cases:
+    - `bun run test:sqlite` passes in CI and locally
+    - `bun run check:sqlite-skips api` passes; the skip count is recorded in the capability matrix doc
+    - `bun run test` (Mongo) still passes with zero test edits other than the skip wrappers
+    - every conformance case file named in `## Divergences found` exists under `db-sqlite/src/conformance/cases/` (a doc-check test in `db-sqlite/src/conformance/divergences.test.ts` parses the table and asserts the files exist)
+  - Blast radius: this is the integration gate for T6–T18
+  - Test skills: brewery:test-runner for the long runs
+  - Docs: `docs/explanation/database-drivers.md` first draft (capability matrix with the skip list)
+
+- [ ] **T21** — example-backend boots and serves on `sqlite://`
+  - Depends on: T1, T17, T18, T11, T7, T30, T19
+  - Files: example-backend/src/utils/database.ts, example-backend/src/server.ts, example-backend/src/websockets.ts, example-backend/src/models/configuration.ts, example-backend/src/models/configuration.test.ts, example-backend/src/websockets.test.ts, example-backend/src/jobs/bootstrapJobsWorker.ts, example-backend/src/scripts/seed-test-data.ts, example-backend/package.json (`dev:sqlite`, `seed:sqlite`, `@terreno/db-sqlite` dep), example-backend/.env.example, example-backend/src/sqliteBoot.integration.test.ts
+  - Seam: `MONGO_URI=sqlite://./.devdata/app.db bun run dev` and the http-layer spec E1
+  - Interface: `server.ts` passes `databaseUri: process.env.MONGO_URI ?? "mongodb://localhost:27017/terreno-example"` and `databaseName: MONGO_DB_NAME` to `TerrenoApp` (T30) and `utils/database.ts` loses `connectToMongoDB`; every remaining caller moves to `connectDatabase` (T30) with the same URI and `dbName`: `jobs/bootstrapJobsWorker.ts` passes `connectMongo: () => connectDatabase({uri, dbName})` so the standalone `jobs:worker` connects on either kind, and `models/configuration.test.ts` and `websockets.test.ts` call `connectDatabase` where they called the helper; the work that ran after it (`initConfiguration`, seeding, the health check's `database` field) runs after `await terraApp.whenReady()` or reads `mongoose.connection.readyState` as before; `websockets.ts` and `configuration.ts` check `getDatabaseCapabilities().changeStreams` before `watch()` and log once instead of crashing; `RealtimeApp`/`SyncApp` registration is conditional on `changeFeed !== "none"` until T24 and T25 remove the condition; the socket.io Mongo adapter is replaced by the in-memory adapter when kind is sqlite; `bun run seed` works against the SQLite file. E1 starts the server on port 0 with a temp SQLite file, then: `GET /health` → `healthy: true`; `POST /auth/login` as the seeded admin → tokens; `POST /todos`, `GET /todos`, `PATCH /todos/:id`, `DELETE /todos/:id` → the same envelopes as the Mongo run; `GET /openapi.json` and `GET /admin/config` (normalized: `servers[].url` dropped, keys sorted) deep-equal the committed fixtures `example-backend/src/fixtures/parity/openapi.json` and `admin-config.json`; the same E1 file runs under `TERRENO_TEST_DB=mongo` and asserts the same fixtures, so parity holds by transitivity without two database kinds in one process; shutdown closes the SQLite handle (file is deletable).
+  - Cases: as listed in Interface, each an assertion in E1; plus `bun run seed` against the temp file creates the two seed users (checked through `User.countDocuments`); plus boot with `sqlite://` and no `.devdata` directory creates it; plus `grep -rn connectToMongoDB example-backend/src` is empty and `cd example-backend && bun run typecheck` passes; plus a deliberate one-field edit to the fixture makes both runs fail (proves the fixture is compared, run once by hand and recorded in the task notes)
+  - Blast radius: Mongo boot path unchanged (the Mongo run of E1 is the parity baseline)
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `example-backend/README.md` run-on-SQLite snippet; CLAUDE.md "Example full stack" gains the sqlite one-liner
+
+- [ ] **T22** — example-backend suite and Playwright subset on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T21, T19, T1
+  - Files: example-backend/package.json (`test:sqlite`), example-backend/src/tests/setup.ts, the Mongo-only example-backend test files (harness replica-set tests, websockets change-stream tests) gaining `describeIfDb("mongo")`, example-frontend/playwright.sqlite.config.ts, example-frontend/package.json (`test:e2e:sqlite`), example-frontend/e2e/helpers/dbKind.ts
+  - Seam: `cd example-backend && bun run test:sqlite`; `cd example-frontend && bunx playwright test -c playwright.sqlite.config.ts`
+  - Interface: `test:sqlite` runs the example-backend suite with `TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite`, exits 0, with Mongo-only files tagged by capability. `playwright.sqlite.config.ts` extends the main config, starts the backend with `MONGO_URI=sqlite://<tmp>` and seeds it, and limits `testMatch` to `login.spec.ts`, `admin-todo-crud.spec.ts`, `admin-form.spec.ts`, `admin-table-search-filter.spec.ts`, `consents.spec.ts` (E2); `syncdb-*.spec.ts` join in T26. Screenshots of the admin todo table on SQLite are saved to `/opt/cursor/artifacts/`.
+  - Cases:
+    - `bun run test:sqlite` in example-backend exits 0; `check:sqlite-skips` lists its skips with capabilities
+    - the five E2 specs pass against the SQLite backend; the same five pass against Mongo (unchanged)
+    - the backend process started by the sqlite config logs `database kind: sqlite`
+  - Blast radius: none on Mongo paths
+  - Test skills: terreno:verify-ui-changes (screenshots to artifacts), brewery:test-runner
+  - Docs: `docs/how-to/run-tests-locally.md` gains the two sqlite commands
+
+- [ ] **T29** — Framework package suites green on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T20
+  - Files: admin-backend/package.json, jobs/package.json, comms/package.json, feature-flags/package.json, announcements/package.json (each gains `test:sqlite`), their `src/tests/bunSetup.ts` preloads, the Mongo-only test files in those packages gaining `describeIfDb("mongo")` or `skipUnlessCapability`, db-sqlite/src/** (driver fixes for gaps the suites expose, each with a new conformance case), docs/explanation/database-drivers.md (skip list)
+  - Seam: `cd <pkg> && TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite bun test` for `admin-backend`, `jobs`, `comms`, `feature-flags`, `announcements`
+  - Interface: each suite exits 0 on SQLite; skips name a capability and pass `check:sqlite-skips`; expected skips are limited to change-stream tests in `feature-flags` and any `rateLimit` mongo-store use. The `jobs` claim loop (`findOneAndUpdate` with `$set`/`$unset`/`$push`/`$inc` under `status: {$in}` and `lockedAt` fences), partial unique `idempotencyKey` dedupe, `admin-backend` text search (`$regex`/`$or`/`$and`/`$nor`), `filterParser` (`$in`, `$gte/$lte`), `BackgroundTask` `$push`, `comms` `$dateToString` dashboard aggregate, and `announcements` `$facet` overview run through the driver for real.
+  - Cases:
+    - each of the five `test:sqlite` commands exits 0 locally and in CI (T27)
+    - `check:sqlite-skips` lists every skip in these packages with a capability
+    - the Mongo suites of these packages still pass with no edits beyond skip wrappers
+    - every driver fix made for these runs has a row in `## Divergences found` (T20's table) naming a conformance case file that exists (`divergences.test.ts` asserts it); `none` is written when nothing was found
+  - Blast radius: integration gate for T6–T13 across the packages apps actually run; `ai` stays out (sessions and change streams, X3/X4)
+  - Test skills: brewery:test-runner
+  - Docs: `docs/explanation/database-drivers.md` capability matrix rows for these packages
+
+- [ ] **T23** — Driver change feed (post-commit events)
+  - Depends on: T10, T12, T14, T20 (the driver is gated green on the api suite before it grows a feed)
+  - Files: db-sqlite/src/driver/changeFeed.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/insert.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/delete.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/replace.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/update.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/findAndModify.ts, db-sqlite/src/writes/bulkWrite.ts, db-sqlite/src/indexes/ttl.ts (emit hooks), db-sqlite/src/index.ts, db-sqlite/src/driver/changeFeed.test.ts
+  - Seam: `createDriverChangeFeed(connection, {collections?})`
+  - Interface: returns `AsyncIterable<ChangeEvent> & {close(): void}` where `ChangeEvent` is `{_id: {seq: number}, operationType: "insert" | "update" | "replace" | "delete", ns: {db, coll}, documentKey: {_id}, fullDocument?: object (insert/update/replace; decoded), updateDescription?: {updatedFields, removedFields}, clusterTime: Date}`; events are emitted only after the enclosing transaction commits, in commit order, for every write path (`insertOne/Many`, `updateOne/Many`, `replaceOne`, `findOneAnd*`, `deleteOne/Many`, `bulkWrite`, TTL sweeps); nothing is emitted for a rolled-back transaction or an unchanged update (`modifiedCount: 0`); multiple feeds receive the same events; `close()` stops delivery; capabilities keep reporting `changeFeed: "none"` (T24 flips it in the same change that adds the source and relaxes the T17 gate, so no commit advertises a feed that `RealtimeApp` cannot consume) and `changeStreams` stays false. `updateDescription` is computed as a shallow diff of top-level and dotted paths touched by the update operators.
+  - Cases:
+    - insert → one `insert` event with `fullDocument`; `updateOne $set` → `update` with `updatedFields: {title: "x"}` and `fullDocument`; `$unset` → `removedFields: ["x"]`; `replaceOne` → `replace`; `deleteOne` → `delete` with `documentKey` only
+    - `updateMany` on 3 docs → 3 events in `_id` order of application; `bulkWrite` ordered with a failing op → events only for the ops that committed
+    - a failing `insertMany` ordered at index 1 → one `insert` event
+    - a no-op `updateOne` → no event
+    - two feeds, one filtered to `["todos"]` → the filtered one sees no `users` events
+    - `sweepExpired` deleting 2 docs → 2 `delete` events
+    - `close()` then a write → no further events, iteration ends
+    - `getDatabaseCapabilities().changeFeed` is still `"none"`, so the T17 sqlite gate case (`RealtimeApp` registration throws) still passes
+  - Blast radius: every write path (same package; suites rerun); `@terreno/api` realtime (T24)
+  - Test skills: none
+
+- [ ] **T24** — `ChangeSource` seam in realtime; in-process source on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T23, T17
+  - Files: api/src/realtime/changeSource.ts, api/src/realtime/mongoChangeSource.ts, api/src/realtime/driverChangeSource.ts, api/src/realtime/changeStreamWatcher.ts, api/src/realtime/realtimeApp.ts, api/src/db/capabilities.ts, db-sqlite/src/capabilities.ts, api/src/realtime/changeSource.test.ts, api/src/realtime/realtimeApp.sqlite.test.ts
+  - Seam: `RealtimeApp` on either database; `startChangeStreamWatcher({source})`
+  - Interface: `ChangeSource` is `{open(options: {resumeAfter?: unknown; pipeline: object[]}): AsyncIterable<ChangeEvent>; supportsResume: boolean; close(): Promise<void>}`. `mongoChangeSource(db)` wraps `db.watch(pipeline, {fullDocument: "updateLookup", resumeAfter})` and keeps today's resume-token and `ChangeStreamHistoryLost` handling. `driverChangeSource(connection)` wraps `createDriverChangeFeed` and applies the watcher's `$match` on `ns.coll`/`operationType` in JS; `supportsResume: false`, so the watcher skips resume-token persistence and logs once that events during a restart are not replayed (syncdb clients catch up over HTTP snapshot, which is the existing design). This task flips the driver's `changeFeed` capability from `"none"` to `"inProcess"`; `RealtimeApp.register` picks the source from `getDatabaseCapabilities().changeFeed` and the T17 gate accepts `"inProcess"`, all in one change. The T17 sqlite case that expects `RealtimeApp` registration to throw is updated here to expect success. `SyncApp.register` also requires `pipelineUpdates` until T25 adds the compare-and-swap seq claim and removes that check, so the T17 `SyncApp` sqlite case still throws (now naming `pipelineUpdates`) and no commit between T24 and T25 boots `SyncApp` on SQLite. The watcher's fan-out (`emitSyncDeltaForChange`, socket rooms, `queryMatcher`) is unchanged and receives the same event shape.
+  - Cases:
+    - unit: `driverChangeSource` filters by collection and operation like the watcher's pipeline; `mongoChangeSource` passes `resumeAfter` through (spy on `db.watch`)
+    - on a Mongo memory replica set: the existing realtime tests pass unchanged (Mongo source)
+    - `getDatabaseCapabilities().changeFeed === "inProcess"` on SQLite and `"changeStreams"` on Mongo
+    - on SQLite: `RealtimeApp` registers without error; a socket client subscribed to a collection receives an event after `Model.create`, `updateOne`, and soft delete (`deleted: true` → the watcher's delete mapping), with the same payload shape as the Mongo test asserts
+    - on SQLite with `queryMatcher` filters: a subscription with `{completed: true}` receives only matching updates
+    - on SQLite, `RealtimeApp.register` logs the single-writer notice once; a write made through a second `new Mongoose()` instance on the same file is not delivered to a subscribed socket (asserted, and recorded as the documented limit in `docs/explanation/database-drivers.md`), while the same write through the server's own instance is
+    - watcher restart on SQLite logs the no-replay notice once and keeps delivering new events
+  - Blast radius: `emitSyncDeltaForChange` (T25 proves sync); `realtime/registry` unchanged
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `docs/reference/syncdb.md` backend requirements: "MongoDB replica set or SQLite (single instance)"
+
+- [ ] **T25** — Sync server on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T24, T9, T11
+  - Files: api/src/sync/models.ts, api/src/sync/syncApp.ts, api/src/sync/integration.test.ts, api/src/sync/models.sqlite.test.ts
+  - Seam: `SyncApp` + `RealtimeApp` on SQLite; the syncdb client against them (E4)
+  - Interface: `claimSyncSeqs({stream, count, session})` keeps today's two paths on Mongo (session fast path with `registered: false`; no-session aggregation-pipeline update that increments `seq` and pushes `pending` entries atomically, `registered: true`). When `getDatabaseCapabilities().pipelineUpdates` is false it uses a compare-and-swap loop built only from plain update operators, which keeps the pending registry and therefore `computeStableFrontier` semantics intact: read the counter (`findOneOrNoneFor`), then `findOneAndUpdate({stream, seq: oldSeq}, {$inc: {seq: count}, $push: {pending: {$each: pendingEntries}}}, {returnDocument: "after"})`; a `null` result means another writer moved `seq`, so re-read and retry (bounded to 50 attempts, then throw `APIError 503 "sync counter contention"`); a missing counter is created with `findOneAndUpdate({stream}, {$setOnInsert: {seq: 0, pending: []}}, {upsert: true})` first, with the existing `11000` retry. `session` is ignored on SQLite (capability `transactions: false`) and the CAS path is used. `confirmSyncSeqs` and the frontier computation are unchanged. `SyncApp.register` requires `changeFeed !== "none"` (already so after T24); this task removes the temporary `pipelineUpdates` check T24 added and updates the T17 `SyncApp` sqlite case to expect success. `ensureSyncIndexes` works through T11. `api/src/sync/integration.test.ts` is parameterized by `getTestDbKind()` and runs on both in CI (E4).
+  - Cases:
+    - `claimSyncSeqs` 1000 concurrent claims of 1–5 seqs on one stream → ranges are disjoint and contiguous, final counter equals the sum, and every claimed seq has a `pending` entry until confirmed (SQLite CAS path); same assertion on Mongo (pipeline path)
+    - frontier fence: 20 concurrent writers each claim then delay 10–50 ms before `confirmSyncSeqs`; a reader polling `computeStableFrontier` every 2 ms never observes a frontier ≥ the lowest unconfirmed pending seq, on both databases
+    - CAS contention: a test hook forces 60 consecutive `null` results → `APIError` with status 503 and the "contention" title; 49 forced misses then success → returns normally
+    - E4 on SQLite: client mutates a todo → server ack with `seq`; a second client receives `sync:delta`; snapshot catch-up after reconnect returns the entity with the same `seq`; soft delete propagates as `deleted: true`; conflict path returns `SyncNack code: conflict` with `serverDoc`
+    - `SyncMutation` idempotency: replaying a `mutationId` → the same ack, no second write (unique index path on SQLite)
+    - `SyncScopeMove` tombstone on owner change → old stream delta shows deleted
+    - `frontierSeq`/`oldestRetainedSeq` values identical for the same scripted sequence on both databases
+  - Blast radius: sync on Mongo (fast path unchanged, proven by the Mongo run of E4)
+  - Test skills: terreno:backend-test-env
+  - Docs: `docs/explanation/local-first-data.md` Tradeoffs: replica set no longer mandatory on SQLite
+
+- [ ] **T26** — Synced Todos end to end on SQLite
+  - Depends on: T25, T22
+  - Files: example-backend/src/server.ts (remove the sqlite condition on `SyncApp`/`RealtimeApp`), example-backend/src/websockets.ts, example-frontend/playwright.sqlite.config.ts (`testMatch` adds `syncdb-*.spec.ts`)
+  - Seam: E5
+  - Interface: the example backend on `sqlite://` registers `SyncApp` and `RealtimeApp`; the Todos screen (syncdb) works: create, complete, delete sync across two browser contexts; `/opt/cursor/artifacts/` receives screenshots of the two contexts.
+  - Cases:
+    - every `syncdb-*.spec.ts` passes under the sqlite config; the same specs pass under the Mongo config
+    - a todo created in context A appears in context B without reload (socket delta)
+    - server restart between two mutations: context B catches up over snapshot after reconnect
+  - Blast radius: none on Mongo
+  - Test skills: terreno:verify-ui-changes
+  - Docs: example-backend README loses the "sync needs Mongo" caveat
+
+- [ ] **T27** — CI jobs, prepush mapping, publish workflow, policy configs
+  - Depends on: T15, T20, T22, T26, T29
+  - Files: .circleci/config.yml, .circleci/continue-config.yml, scripts/ci/prepush/plan.ts, scripts/ci/prepush/plan.test.ts, scripts/ci/checkDbSqliteDialectBoundary.ts, scripts/ci/checkDbSqliteDialectBoundary.test.ts, package.json (scripts `db-sqlite:test`, `db-sqlite:compile`, `api:test:sqlite`, `<pkg>:test:sqlite`, `check:db-sqlite-dialect-boundary`; `check:sqlite-skips` exists since T19), .github/workflows/publish-on-tag.yml, knip.jsonc, .dependency-cruiser.js and .dependency-cruiser-known-violations.json (only if the new package needs an allowed edge), docs/explanation/versioning-policy.md (package list), docs/how-to/circleci.md
+  - Seam: CircleCI pipeline and `bun run prepush`
+  - Interface: path filters `db-sqlite/.*`, `api/.*`, `test/.*` trigger `run-db-sqlite`; `api/.*`, `db-sqlite/.*`, `test/.*` trigger `run-api-sqlite` (`cd api && bun run test:sqlite`); `example-backend/.*` plus the above trigger `run-example-backend-sqlite`; the T29 packages' `test:sqlite` run in their existing jobs as a second step when `db-sqlite/.*` or their own paths change; the Playwright sqlite config runs in the existing e2e job as a second step; `prepush` runs `db-sqlite` tests, `api:test:sqlite`, `check:sqlite-skips`, and `check:db-sqlite-dialect-boundary` when those paths change; `publish-on-tag.yml` publishes `@terreno/db-sqlite`; knip has zero findings; `plan.test.ts` knows the new parameters. `check:db-sqlite-dialect-boundary` fails when any of `json_extract`, `json_type`, `json_each`, `json_valid`, `GLOB`, `PRAGMA`, `BEGIN IMMEDIATE`, `VACUUM INTO`, `bun:sqlite`, `node:sqlite` appears in `db-sqlite/src/**` outside `db-sqlite/src/dialect/sqlite.ts`, `db-sqlite/src/handles/**`, and test files.
+  - Cases: `bun run prepush --dry-run` lists the new steps for a change under `db-sqlite/`; `bun run check:knip` passes; `scripts/ci/prepush/plan.test.ts` passes; `checkDbSqliteDialectBoundary.test.ts`: a fixture tree with `json_extract` in `db-sqlite/src/query/x.ts` fails naming the file and token, the same token in `dialect/sqlite.ts` passes; CircleCI green on the branch is the proof (Roast reads the run)
+  - Blast radius: every CI consumer of the path mapping (`plan.test.ts` guards it)
+  - Test skills: none
+  - Docs: `docs/how-to/circleci.md` job table
+
+- [ ] **T28** — Docs, changelog, upgrade note, scaffolding templates
+  - Depends on: T21, T26, T29
+  - Files: docs/how-to/run-on-sqlite.md, docs/explanation/database-drivers.md, docs/reference/db-sqlite.md, docs/explanation/positioning.md, docs/explanation/local-first-data.md, docs/reference/syncdb.md, docs/reference/README.md, docs/how-to/README.md, docs/explanation/README.md, docs/implementationPlans/pluggable-database-sqlite.md (Status: Superseded, link here), issue #1194 (status updated on the Terreno Roadmap GitHub Project; `ROADMAP.md` is generated from that board by CI and never hand-edited), changelog/ (entry), mcp-server/src/docs/upgrades/<next-version>.md, mcp-server/src/tools.ts (bootstrap text mentions `sqlite://`), create-terreno-app/src/generate.ts (template `server.ts` passes `databaseUri`, template `utils/database.ts` removed, template `package.json` gains `@terreno/db-sqlite` as an optional dependency, `.env.example` comment), CLAUDE.md (packages list), .claude/rules/api/00-api.md (regenerated via rulesync if sourced from .rulesync)
+  - Seam: documentation and templates
+  - Interface: how-to covers connection string, drivers, capability matrix pointer, tests, and deploy notes: one instance per database file, the file on a persistent disk, the file and its `-wal`/`-shm` sidecars are `0600` and hold data at rest (PHI for health apps) so use disk-level encryption, back up with `VACUUM INTO` or `getClient().backupTo()` and never by copying the file while the server runs, one database kind per process. A "Where not to run it" section states plainly that with `RealtimeApp` or `SyncApp` registered the server must be the only process writing the file (run `jobs` in-process; the standalone `jobs:worker` and ad-hoc scripts that write while the server runs are not broadcast until X2), and that Cloud Run, Vercel Functions, and any autoscaling or multi-instance host are unsuitable (no persistent local disk, several instances, in-process change feed is single-instance), that `TerrenoApp` warns at boot on those hosts (T17), and that such deployments stay on MongoDB (or Postgres later, X1) or use a VM with an attached volume; `docs/how-to/deploy-to-gcp.md` and `deploy-to-vercel.md` link to that section. Explanation covers the approaches table above, the engine architecture, the storage layout and `format_version`, the codec, the query evaluation contract, the capability matrix with the T20/T22/T29 skip lists, known semantic divergences, and the Postgres path (dialect seams and the boundary check, outbox feed, `FOR UPDATE`, JSONB indexes, format migration hook). Reference covers every export in Contracts. Changelog `### Added` plus an upgrade note stating no action is required for Mongo apps. The create-terreno-app template adds `@terreno/db-sqlite` as an optional dependency and its `server.ts` passes `databaseUri: process.env.MONGO_URI` to `TerrenoApp` (T30), so a generated app runs on either database with no code change and a Mongo app never loads the package.
+  - Cases: `bun run check:changelog`, `bun run check:upgrade-docs`, docs-audit skill clean, `bun run check:knip`; `create-terreno-app` generation test asserts the template passes `databaseUri` to `TerrenoApp`, contains no `connectToMongoDB` or `installSqliteDriver` call, and lists `@terreno/db-sqlite` under `optionalDependencies` (existing generate tests extended)
+  - Blast radius: none
+  - Test skills: docs-audit, update-docs
+  - Docs: this task is the docs
+
+## Assumptions
+
+- Mongoose stays the authoring format and the runtime API (carried over from the August IP, D1). No new schema DSL.
+- The package is `@terreno/db-sqlite` (Q4, decided). Its engine stays dialect-agnostic behind the `Dialect` boundary; the Postgres step extracts that engine into a shared core package and adds `@terreno/db-postgres` (X1). It joins the lockstep version set and `publish-on-tag.yml`.
+- `bun:sqlite` under Bun and `node:sqlite` under Node ≥ 22.13 (the repository's `engines` floor, where `node:sqlite` is unflagged and `require(esm)` works, which `TerrenoApp` uses to load the driver in T30) are the built-in handles, detected by feature (`process.getBuiltinModule`) rather than version; no native dependency is added (Q5). The example backend ships as a Bun-compiled binary, so `bun:sqlite` is what production uses.
+- The storage model is relational columns per schema path with JSON columns for arrays, `Mixed`, and `Map`, plus an `_extra` JSON column for everything the typed columns cannot hold (Q3, decided). Fidelity rule: no DDL or write ever converts a stored value; a value that does not fit its column spills to `_extra` and reads back unchanged, so Mongoose's casting behaves as on Mongo. Additive schema changes reconcile automatically at `Model.init()`; column rebuilds follow the `reconcile` policy (automatic in development, explicit in production); only `dropOrphanedColumns()` is destructive and only a migration calls it.
+- `sift` (already a Mongoose dependency) is the residual query matcher; `mingo` is added for the in-memory aggregation remainder; the update operator engine is Terreno's own code (Q6).
+- `fast-check` (already in the lockfile transitively) is added to the catalog for T15.
+- Mongo-only test files are skipped by capability tag rather than duplicated (Q12).
+- Each test process gets its own SQLite file; the api suite's `clearTestCollections` pattern (explicit `deleteMany`) is the isolation mechanism, as it is on Mongo today.
+- `@terreno/api` has no static import of `@terreno/db-sqlite`; capabilities are duck-typed off the connection's driver so Mongo-only apps install nothing new. The one place that loads the package is `installDriverForUri` (T30), synchronously through `createRequire` and only for `sqlite:` URIs; `TerrenoApp`, `connectDatabase`, and the `terreno-migrate` CLI all go through it. `@terreno/db-sqlite` is an optional peer of `@terreno/api` and `@terreno/test` for that reason.
+- The Mongoose driver is per Mongoose instance (`setDriver` on the shared import or on a `new Mongoose()`), and framework code uses the shared import, so an app runs one database kind. The differential harness runs SQLite on a second instance in the same process; api-package parity comes from running the same test file under both `TERRENO_TEST_DB` values.
+- `bun:sqlite` (Bun 1.4.4) and `node:sqlite` (Node 22.23, unflagged since 22.13) both support user-defined functions (`db.function`), verified locally; `$regex` therefore compiles fully on the default handles.
+- The `.claude/rules` and `.rulesync` agent rules that still describe `setupServer` are out of date (the inventory found no `setupServer` in `api/src`); T28 touches only the package list, and the rest is an Expansion (X14).
+- IP and task list live in `docs/plans/` per the two most recent distilled plans in this repository; `docs/implementationPlans/README.md` describes the older two-file layout, which this plan does not add to beyond marking the superseded IP.
+
+## Open questions (recommendation assumed)
+
+None open. Every question was answered on 2026-11-01; see Decisions.
+
+## Expansions (follow up later)
+
+| ID | Idea | Why it came up | Rough size | Depends on |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| X1 | PostgreSQL: extract the dialect-agnostic engine from `@terreno/db-sqlite` into a shared core package, add `@terreno/db-postgres` (`postgres://`) with native column types, `JSONB` for JSON columns and `_extra`, expression and GIN indexes, `~` regex, `FOR UPDATE` row locks, and a `pg` handle | The request's stated destination; Q4 chose a SQLite-named package, so the split happens here | L | this plan |
+| X2 | Cross-process change feed: WAL or outbox-table polling for multi-process SQLite (standalone `jobs:worker`, scripts), `LISTEN/NOTIFY` outbox for multi-instance Postgres | The in-process feed sees only the server's own writes | M | T23 (SQLite), X1 (Postgres) |
+| X3 | SAVEPOINT-based `startSession`/`withTransaction` on SQL | `ai` harness and `@terreno/test` fixture cache need sessions | M | T14 |
+| X4 | Certify `ai` on SQLite (`test:sqlite`) | Its harness needs multi-document sessions and a change stream; the other framework packages are certified in T29 | M | X3, T23 |
+| X5 | `terreno db copy` Mongo-to-SQL and SQL-to-Mongo data migration via Extended JSON | Apps moving between databases | M | T5 |
+| X7 | FTS5-backed `$text`/`$search` on SQLite | Admin text search uses `$regex` today; Atlas search is Mongo-only | M | T6 |
+| X8 | `rateLimit.store: "sqlite"` | `store: "mongo"` is gated off on SQLite | S | T14 |
+| X9 | Evaluate FerretDB 2 on Postgres as a zero-code production path | Approach C | S (evaluation) | none |
+| X10 | Push `$group`, `$sum`, `$min`, `$max`, and `$count` over typed columns into SQL `GROUP BY` instead of the in-memory remainder | Relational columns make these a natural SQL translation; v1 keeps `mingo` for parity | M | T13 |
+| X11 | `@terreno/mcp` local tools (`localMongo.ts`, `databaseQuery`) on SQLite | They open a raw Mongo connection | S | T14 |
+| X12 | Pipeline updates (`updateOne(filter, [{$set: ...}])`) via the aggregation expression engine | `rateLimit` mongo store and the sync batch seq fast path use them | M | T13 |
+| X13 | Pre-1970 and far-future Date edge cases, `Decimal128` comparisons in SQL rather than residual | Codec stores them; comparisons fall back to residual | S | T6 |
+| X14 | Refresh `.claude/rules` and `.rulesync` api rules that still document `setupServer` | Inventory found no `setupServer` in `api/src` | S | none |
+
+## Decisions
+
+| ID | Question | Decision | Decided | Differs from recommendation | Applied to |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| D1 | Q1 Approach | A, Mongoose driver | 2026-11-01, chat | no | all |
+| D2 | Q2 Realtime and syncdb server on SQLite in v1 | Yes, in-process change feed (T23–T26) | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T17, T21, T23–T28 |
+| D3 | Q3 Storage model | Relational columns per schema path, JSON columns for arrays/`Mixed`/`Map`, `_extra` for spill (no value conversion) | 2026-11-01, chat | yes (document store was recommended) | The idea, Storage layout, Codec, Query evaluation contract, T2, T5, T6, T7, T9, T11, T16, X10 |
+| D4 | Q4 Package name | `@terreno/db-sqlite`; Postgres later as `@terreno/db-postgres` over a shared engine core | 2026-11-01, chat | yes (`@terreno/db-sql` was recommended) | package, directory, script, and export names throughout; X1 |
+| D5 | Q5 Default handle | Auto-detect `bun:sqlite` / `node:sqlite`, explicit override allowed | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T4 |
+| D6 | Q6 In-memory engines | `sift` residual matching, Terreno-owned update engine, `mingo` aggregation remainder | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T6, T9, T13 |
+| D7 | Q7 Aggregation scope | SQL prefix plus in-memory remainder | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T13 |
+| D8 | Q8 Sessions | No in v1, capability error (X3 later) | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T14, T19 |
+| D9 | Q9 CI cadence | api suite on SQLite on every PR | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T27 |
+| D10 | Q10 Differential suite home | `@terreno/db-sqlite` | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T3, T6–T16 |
+| D11 | Q11 Connection ownership | `TerrenoApp({databaseUri})` installs the driver and connects; `connectDatabase` exported for everything else | 2026-11-01, chat | yes (deferring to a later expansion was recommended; that expansion became T30) | T30 (new), T16, T21, T28, Contracts, The idea |
+| D12 | Q12 Mongo-only test skips | Capability tag in the file, enforced by `check:sqlite-skips` | 2026-11-01, chat | no | T19, T20, T22, T29 |
+
+## Sign-off
+
+Status: awaiting sign-off (sent 2026-11-01 via chat; revised 2026-11-01 after all twelve questions were answered, three against the recommendation: D3, D4, D11)
+Cut: 2 rounds on the first draft, 23 findings: 23 fixed, 0 moved to questions or expansions, 0 rebutted. Round 1: 11 (2 blocking: sync seq-claim design, migrate CLI driver loading). Round 2: 12 (1 blocking: one driver per Mongoose instance, so the differential harness and api parity were restated). Round 2's "couldn't assess" items (the exact collection-method set Mongoose core calls; `node:sqlite` user-defined functions) were checked by hand: the method set is enumerated from `mquery` and `mongoose/lib` in the Elephant's drift test, and `node:sqlite` `db.function` was verified on Node 22.23. Round 3 (on the revision that applied D3, D4, D11): 11 findings, 11 fixed, 0 moved, 0 rebutted; 2 blocking (tasks that run under `TERRENO_TEST_DB=sqlite` now depend on T19; the `_extra` spill clause is emitted only while `_terreno_columns.spilled_rows > 0`, with explicit `null` tracked in `_nulls`, so unspilled paths compile to pure column SQL that uses indexes and `LIMIT`); should-fix: column rebuilds drop and recreate dependent indexes and no column carries a `CHECK`, the single-writer limit of the in-process feed is logged and documented with X2 widened, a `reconcile` policy (`additive` in production, `full` otherwise, `check`) plus `terreno-migrate reconcile`, null/missing uniqueness checked in the write transaction, `$regex` `x` flag and PCRE-only syntax, Better Auth through an explicit Kysely dialect over the `DriverHandle`, Node 22.13 with feature detection, T9 depends on T8; round 3's "couldn't assess" (Mongoose option pass-through) became the drift test's option-key assertions in T2.