@tanstack/start-plugin-core 1.142.12 → 1.142.13

package/dist/esm/create-server-fn-plugin/compiler.d.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ export declare class ServerFnCompiler {
     private moduleCache;
     private initialized;
     private validLookupKinds;
+    private resolveIdCache;
+    private exportResolutionCache;
     private knownRootImports;
     constructor(options: {
         env: 'client' | 'server';
@@ -53,8 +55,21 @@ export declare class ServerFnCompiler {
         lookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>;
         loadModule: (id: string) => Promise<void>;
         resolveId: (id: string, importer?: string) => Promise<string | null>;
+        /**
+         * In 'build' mode, resolution results are cached for performance.
+         * In 'dev' mode (default), caching is disabled to avoid invalidation complexity with HMR.
+         */
+        mode?: 'dev' | 'build';
     });
+    private get mode();
+    private resolveIdCached;
+    private getExportResolutionCache;
     private init;
+    /**
+     * Extracts bindings and exports from an already-parsed AST.
+     * This is the core logic shared by ingestModule and ingestModuleFromAst.
+     */
+    private extractModuleInfo;
     ingestModule({ code, id }: {
         code: string;
         id: string;

package/dist/esm/create-server-fn-plugin/compiler.js

@@ -83,6 +83,9 @@ function needsDirectCallDetection(kinds) {
   }
   return false;
 }
+function areAllKindsTopLevelOnly(kinds) {
+  return kinds.size === 1 && kinds.has("ServerFn");
+}
 function isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node) {
   let calleeName;
   if (t.isIdentifier(node.callee)) {
@@ -116,10 +119,36 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
   moduleCache = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
   initialized = false;
   validLookupKinds;
+  resolveIdCache = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+  exportResolutionCache = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
   // Fast lookup for direct imports from known libraries (e.g., '@tanstack/react-start')
   // Maps: libName → (exportName → Kind)
   // This allows O(1) resolution for the common case without async resolveId calls
   knownRootImports = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+  get mode() {
+    return this.options.mode ?? "dev";
+  }
+  async resolveIdCached(id, importer) {
+    if (this.mode === "dev") {
+      return this.options.resolveId(id, importer);
+    }
+    const cacheKey = importer ? `${importer}::${id}` : id;
+    const cached = this.resolveIdCache.get(cacheKey);
+    if (cached !== void 0) {
+      return cached;
+    }
+    const resolved = await this.options.resolveId(id, importer);
+    this.resolveIdCache.set(cacheKey, resolved);
+    return resolved;
+  }
+  getExportResolutionCache(moduleId) {
+    let cache = this.exportResolutionCache.get(moduleId);
+    if (!cache) {
+      cache = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+      this.exportResolutionCache.set(moduleId, cache);
+    }
+    return cache;
+  }
   async init() {
     this.knownRootImports.set(
       "@tanstack/start-fn-stubs",
@@ -137,7 +166,7 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
           this.knownRootImports.set(config.libName, libExports);
         }
         libExports.set(config.rootExport, config.kind);
-        const libId = await this.options.resolveId(config.libName);
+        const libId = await this.resolveIdCached(config.libName);
         if (!libId) {
           throw new Error(`could not resolve "${config.libName}"`);
         }
@@ -171,8 +200,11 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
     );
     this.initialized = true;
   }
-  ingestModule({ code, id }) {
-    const ast = parseAst({ code });
+  /**
+   * Extracts bindings and exports from an already-parsed AST.
+   * This is the core logic shared by ingestModule and ingestModuleFromAst.
+   */
+  extractModuleInfo(ast, id) {
     const bindings = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
     const exports = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
     const reExportAllSources = [];
@@ -257,6 +289,11 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
       reExportAllSources
     };
     this.moduleCache.set(id, info);
+    return info;
+  }
+  ingestModule({ code, id }) {
+    const ast = parseAst({ code });
+    const info = this.extractModuleInfo(ast, id);
     return { info, ast };
   }
   invalidateModule(id) {
@@ -276,30 +313,82 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
       return null;
     }
     const checkDirectCalls = needsDirectCallDetection(fileKinds);
+    const canUseFastPath = areAllKindsTopLevelOnly(fileKinds);
     const { ast } = this.ingestModule({ code, id });
     const candidatePaths = [];
     const chainCallPaths = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
-    babel.traverse(ast, {
-      CallExpression: (path) => {
-        const node = path.node;
-        const parent = path.parent;
-        if (t.isMemberExpression(parent) && t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)) {
-          chainCallPaths.set(node, path);
-          return;
+    if (canUseFastPath) {
+      const candidateIndices = [];
+      for (let i = 0; i < ast.program.body.length; i++) {
+        const node = ast.program.body[i];
+        let declarations;
+        if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {
+          declarations = node.declarations;
+        } else if (t.isExportNamedDeclaration(node) && node.declaration) {
+          if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node.declaration)) {
+            declarations = node.declaration.declarations;
+          }
         }
-        if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {
-          candidatePaths.push(path);
-          return;
+        if (declarations) {
+          for (const decl of declarations) {
+            if (decl.init && t.isCallExpression(decl.init)) {
+              if (isMethodChainCandidate(decl.init, fileKinds)) {
+                candidateIndices.push(i);
+                break;
+              }
+            }
+          }
         }
-        if (checkDirectCalls) {
-          if (isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(path)) {
-            candidatePaths.push(path);
-          } else if (isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node)) {
+      }
+      if (candidateIndices.length === 0) {
+        return null;
+      }
+      babel.traverse(ast, {
+        Program(programPath) {
+          const bodyPaths = programPath.get("body");
+          for (const idx of candidateIndices) {
+            const stmtPath = bodyPaths[idx];
+            if (!stmtPath) continue;
+            stmtPath.traverse({
+              CallExpression(path) {
+                const node = path.node;
+                const parent = path.parent;
+                if (t.isMemberExpression(parent) && t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)) {
+                  chainCallPaths.set(node, path);
+                  return;
+                }
+                if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {
+                  candidatePaths.push(path);
+                }
+              }
+            });
+          }
+          programPath.stop();
+        }
+      });
+    } else {
+      babel.traverse(ast, {
+        CallExpression: (path) => {
+          const node = path.node;
+          const parent = path.parent;
+          if (t.isMemberExpression(parent) && t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)) {
+            chainCallPaths.set(node, path);
+            return;
+          }
+          if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {
             candidatePaths.push(path);
+            return;
+          }
+          if (checkDirectCalls) {
+            if (isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(path)) {
+              candidatePaths.push(path);
+            } else if (isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node)) {
+              candidatePaths.push(path);
+            }
           }
         }
-      }
-    });
+      });
+    }
     if (candidatePaths.length === 0) {
       return null;
     }
@@ -410,6 +499,16 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
    * Returns the module info and binding if found, or undefined if not found.
    */
   async findExportInModule(moduleInfo, exportName, visitedModules = /* @__PURE__ */ new Set()) {
+    const isBuildMode = this.mode === "build";
+    if (isBuildMode && visitedModules.size === 0) {
+      const moduleCache = this.exportResolutionCache.get(moduleInfo.id);
+      if (moduleCache) {
+        const cached = moduleCache.get(exportName);
+        if (cached !== void 0) {
+          return cached ?? void 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
     if (visitedModules.has(moduleInfo.id)) {
       return void 0;
     }
@@ -418,13 +517,17 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
     if (directExport) {
       const binding = moduleInfo.bindings.get(directExport.name);
       if (binding) {
-        return { moduleInfo, binding };
+        const result = { moduleInfo, binding };
+        if (isBuildMode) {
+          this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, result);
+        }
+        return result;
       }
     }
     if (moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.length > 0) {
       const results = await Promise.all(
         moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.map(async (reExportSource) => {
-          const reExportTarget = await this.options.resolveId(
+          const reExportTarget = await this.resolveIdCached(
             reExportSource,
             moduleInfo.id
           );
@@ -441,10 +544,16 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
       );
       for (const result of results) {
         if (result) {
+          if (isBuildMode) {
+            this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, result);
+          }
           return result;
         }
       }
     }
+    if (isBuildMode) {
+      this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, null);
+    }
     return void 0;
   }
   async resolveBindingKind(binding, fileId, visited = /* @__PURE__ */ new Set()) {
@@ -460,7 +569,7 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
           return kind;
         }
       }
-      const target = await this.options.resolveId(binding.source, fileId);
+      const target = await this.resolveIdCached(binding.source, fileId);
       if (!target) {
         return "None";
       }
@@ -553,7 +662,7 @@ class ServerFnCompiler {
         const info = await this.getModuleInfo(fileId);
         const binding = info.bindings.get(callee.object.name);
         if (binding && binding.type === "import" && binding.importedName === "*") {
-          const targetModuleId = await this.options.resolveId(
+          const targetModuleId = await this.resolveIdCached(
             binding.source,
             fileId
           );

package/dist/esm/create-server-fn-plugin/compiler.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"compiler.js","sources":["../../../src/create-server-fn-plugin/compiler.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/* eslint-disable import/no-commonjs */\nimport * as t from '@babel/types'\nimport { generateFromAst, parseAst } from '@tanstack/router-utils'\nimport babel from '@babel/core'\nimport {\n  deadCodeElimination,\n  findReferencedIdentifiers,\n} from 'babel-dead-code-elimination'\nimport { handleCreateServerFn } from './handleCreateServerFn'\nimport { handleCreateMiddleware } from './handleCreateMiddleware'\nimport { handleCreateIsomorphicFn } from './handleCreateIsomorphicFn'\nimport { handleEnvOnlyFn } from './handleEnvOnly'\nimport type { MethodChainPaths, RewriteCandidate } from './types'\n\ntype Binding =\n  | {\n      type: 'import'\n      source: string\n      importedName: string\n      resolvedKind?: Kind\n    }\n  | {\n      type: 'var'\n      init: t.Expression | null\n      resolvedKind?: Kind\n    }\n\ntype ExportEntry =\n  | { tag: 'Normal'; name: string }\n  | { tag: 'Default'; name: string }\n  | { tag: 'Namespace'; name: string; targetId: string } // for `export * as ns from './x'`\n\ntype Kind = 'None' | `Root` | `Builder` | LookupKind\n\nexport type LookupKind =\n  | 'ServerFn'\n  | 'Middleware'\n  | 'IsomorphicFn'\n  | 'ServerOnlyFn'\n  | 'ClientOnlyFn'\n\n// Detection strategy for each kind\ntype MethodChainSetup = {\n  type: 'methodChain'\n  candidateCallIdentifier: Set<string>\n  // If true, a call to the root function (e.g., createIsomorphicFn()) is also a candidate\n  // even without chained method calls. This is used for IsomorphicFn which can be\n  // called without .client() or .server() (resulting in a no-op function).\n  allowRootAsCandidate?: boolean\n}\ntype DirectCallSetup = { type: 'directCall' }\n\nconst LookupSetup: Record<LookupKind, MethodChainSetup | DirectCallSetup> = {\n  ServerFn: {\n    type: 'methodChain',\n    candidateCallIdentifier: new Set(['handler']),\n  },\n  Middleware: {\n    type: 'methodChain',\n    candidateCallIdentifier: new Set(['server', 'client', 'createMiddlewares']),\n  },\n  IsomorphicFn: {\n    type: 'methodChain',\n    candidateCallIdentifier: new Set(['server', 'client']),\n    allowRootAsCandidate: true, // createIsomorphicFn() alone is valid (returns no-op)\n  },\n  ServerOnlyFn: { type: 'directCall' },\n  ClientOnlyFn: { type: 'directCall' },\n}\n\n// Single source of truth for detecting which kinds are present in code\n// These patterns are used for:\n// 1. Pre-scanning code to determine which kinds to look for (before AST parsing)\n// 2. Deriving the plugin's transform code filter\nexport const KindDetectionPatterns: Record<LookupKind, RegExp> = {\n  ServerFn: /\\.handler\\s*\\(/,\n  Middleware: /createMiddleware/,\n  IsomorphicFn: /createIsomorphicFn/,\n  ServerOnlyFn: /createServerOnlyFn/,\n  ClientOnlyFn: /createClientOnlyFn/,\n}\n\n// Which kinds are valid for each environment\nexport const LookupKindsPerEnv: Record<'client' | 'server', Set<LookupKind>> = {\n  client: new Set([\n    'Middleware',\n    'ServerFn',\n    'IsomorphicFn',\n    'ServerOnlyFn',\n    'ClientOnlyFn',\n  ] as const),\n  server: new Set([\n    'ServerFn',\n    'IsomorphicFn',\n    'ServerOnlyFn',\n    'ClientOnlyFn',\n  ] as const),\n}\n\n/**\n * Detects which LookupKinds are present in the code using string matching.\n * This is a fast pre-scan before AST parsing to limit the work done during compilation.\n */\nexport function detectKindsInCode(\n  code: string,\n  env: 'client' | 'server',\n): Set<LookupKind> {\n  const detected = new Set<LookupKind>()\n  const validForEnv = LookupKindsPerEnv[env]\n\n  for (const [kind, pattern] of Object.entries(KindDetectionPatterns) as Array<\n    [LookupKind, RegExp]\n  >) {\n    if (validForEnv.has(kind) && pattern.test(code)) {\n      detected.add(kind)\n    }\n  }\n\n  return detected\n}\n\n// Pre-computed map: identifier name -> Set<LookupKind> for fast candidate detection (method chain only)\n// Multiple kinds can share the same identifier (e.g., 'server' and 'client' are used by both Middleware and IsomorphicFn)\nconst IdentifierToKinds = new Map<string, Set<LookupKind>>()\nfor (const [kind, setup] of Object.entries(LookupSetup) as Array<\n  [LookupKind, MethodChainSetup | DirectCallSetup]\n>) {\n  if (setup.type === 'methodChain') {\n    for (const id of setup.candidateCallIdentifier) {\n      let kinds = IdentifierToKinds.get(id)\n      if (!kinds) {\n        kinds = new Set()\n        IdentifierToKinds.set(id, kinds)\n      }\n      kinds.add(kind)\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n// Known factory function names for direct call and root-as-candidate patterns\n// These are the names that, when called directly, create a new function.\n// Used to filter nested candidates - we only want to include actual factory calls,\n// not invocations of already-created functions (e.g., `myServerFn()` should NOT be a candidate)\nconst DirectCallFactoryNames = new Set([\n  'createServerOnlyFn',\n  'createClientOnlyFn',\n  'createIsomorphicFn',\n])\n\nexport type LookupConfig = {\n  libName: string\n  rootExport: string\n  kind: LookupKind | 'Root' // 'Root' for builder pattern, LookupKind for direct call\n}\n\ninterface ModuleInfo {\n  id: string\n  bindings: Map<string, Binding>\n  exports: Map<string, ExportEntry>\n  // Track `export * from './module'` declarations for re-export resolution\n  reExportAllSources: Array<string>\n}\n\n/**\n * Computes whether any file kinds need direct-call candidate detection.\n * This includes both directCall types (ServerOnlyFn, ClientOnlyFn) and\n * allowRootAsCandidate types (IsomorphicFn).\n */\nfunction needsDirectCallDetection(kinds: Set<LookupKind>): boolean {\n  for (const kind of kinds) {\n    const setup = LookupSetup[kind]\n    if (setup.type === 'directCall' || setup.allowRootAsCandidate) {\n      return true\n    }\n  }\n  return false\n}\n\n/**\n * Checks if a CallExpression is a direct-call candidate for NESTED detection.\n * Returns true if the callee is a known factory function name.\n * This is stricter than top-level detection because we need to filter out\n * invocations of existing server functions (e.g., `myServerFn()`).\n */\nfunction isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node: t.CallExpression): boolean {\n  let calleeName: string | undefined\n  if (t.isIdentifier(node.callee)) {\n    calleeName = node.callee.name\n  } else if (\n    t.isMemberExpression(node.callee) &&\n    t.isIdentifier(node.callee.property)\n  ) {\n    calleeName = node.callee.property.name\n  }\n  return calleeName !== undefined && DirectCallFactoryNames.has(calleeName)\n}\n\n/**\n * Checks if a CallExpression path is a top-level direct-call candidate.\n * Top-level means the call is the init of a VariableDeclarator at program level.\n * We accept any simple identifier call or namespace call at top level\n * (e.g., `isomorphicFn()`, `TanStackStart.createServerOnlyFn()`) and let\n * resolution verify it. This handles renamed imports.\n */\nfunction isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(\n  path: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>,\n): boolean {\n  const node = path.node\n\n  // Must be a simple identifier call or namespace call\n  const isSimpleCall =\n    t.isIdentifier(node.callee) ||\n    (t.isMemberExpression(node.callee) &&\n      t.isIdentifier(node.callee.object) &&\n      t.isIdentifier(node.callee.property))\n\n  if (!isSimpleCall) {\n    return false\n  }\n\n  // Must be top-level: VariableDeclarator -> VariableDeclaration -> Program\n  const parent = path.parent\n  if (!t.isVariableDeclarator(parent) || parent.init !== node) {\n    return false\n  }\n  const grandParent = path.parentPath.parent\n  if (!t.isVariableDeclaration(grandParent)) {\n    return false\n  }\n  return t.isProgram(path.parentPath.parentPath?.parent)\n}\n\nexport class ServerFnCompiler {\n  private moduleCache = new Map<string, ModuleInfo>()\n  private initialized = false\n  private validLookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>\n  // Fast lookup for direct imports from known libraries (e.g., '@tanstack/react-start')\n  // Maps: libName → (exportName → Kind)\n  // This allows O(1) resolution for the common case without async resolveId calls\n  private knownRootImports = new Map<string, Map<string, Kind>>()\n  constructor(\n    private options: {\n      env: 'client' | 'server'\n      directive: string\n      lookupConfigurations: Array<LookupConfig>\n      lookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>\n      loadModule: (id: string) => Promise<void>\n      resolveId: (id: string, importer?: string) => Promise<string | null>\n    },\n  ) {\n    this.validLookupKinds = options.lookupKinds\n  }\n\n  private async init() {\n    // Register internal stub package exports for recognition.\n    // These don't need module resolution - only the knownRootImports fast path.\n    this.knownRootImports.set(\n      '@tanstack/start-fn-stubs',\n      new Map<string, Kind>([\n        ['createIsomorphicFn', 'IsomorphicFn'],\n        ['createServerOnlyFn', 'ServerOnlyFn'],\n        ['createClientOnlyFn', 'ClientOnlyFn'],\n      ]),\n    )\n\n    await Promise.all(\n      this.options.lookupConfigurations.map(async (config) => {\n        // Populate the fast lookup map for direct imports (by package name)\n        // This allows O(1) recognition of imports from known packages.\n        let libExports = this.knownRootImports.get(config.libName)\n        if (!libExports) {\n          libExports = new Map()\n          this.knownRootImports.set(config.libName, libExports)\n        }\n        libExports.set(config.rootExport, config.kind)\n\n        const libId = await this.options.resolveId(config.libName)\n        if (!libId) {\n          throw new Error(`could not resolve \"${config.libName}\"`)\n        }\n        let rootModule = this.moduleCache.get(libId)\n        if (!rootModule) {\n          // insert root binding\n          rootModule = {\n            bindings: new Map(),\n            exports: new Map(),\n            id: libId,\n            reExportAllSources: [],\n          }\n          this.moduleCache.set(libId, rootModule)\n        }\n\n        rootModule.exports.set(config.rootExport, {\n          tag: 'Normal',\n          name: config.rootExport,\n        })\n        rootModule.exports.set('*', {\n          tag: 'Namespace',\n          name: config.rootExport,\n          targetId: libId,\n        })\n        rootModule.bindings.set(config.rootExport, {\n          type: 'var',\n          init: null, // Not needed since resolvedKind is set\n          resolvedKind: config.kind satisfies Kind,\n        })\n        this.moduleCache.set(libId, rootModule)\n      }),\n    )\n\n    this.initialized = true\n  }\n\n  public ingestModule({ code, id }: { code: string; id: string }) {\n    const ast = parseAst({ code })\n\n    const bindings = new Map<string, Binding>()\n    const exports = new Map<string, ExportEntry>()\n    const reExportAllSources: Array<string> = []\n\n    // we are only interested in top-level bindings, hence we don't traverse the AST\n    // instead we only iterate over the program body\n    for (const node of ast.program.body) {\n      if (t.isImportDeclaration(node)) {\n        const source = node.source.value\n        for (const s of node.specifiers) {\n          if (t.isImportSpecifier(s)) {\n            const importedName = t.isIdentifier(s.imported)\n              ? s.imported.name\n              : s.imported.value\n            bindings.set(s.local.name, { type: 'import', source, importedName })\n          } else if (t.isImportDefaultSpecifier(s)) {\n            bindings.set(s.local.name, {\n              type: 'import',\n              source,\n              importedName: 'default',\n            })\n          } else if (t.isImportNamespaceSpecifier(s)) {\n            bindings.set(s.local.name, {\n              type: 'import',\n              source,\n              importedName: '*',\n            })\n          }\n        }\n      } else if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {\n        for (const decl of node.declarations) {\n          if (t.isIdentifier(decl.id)) {\n            bindings.set(decl.id.name, {\n              type: 'var',\n              init: decl.init ?? null,\n            })\n          }\n        }\n      } else if (t.isExportNamedDeclaration(node)) {\n        // export const foo = ...\n        if (node.declaration) {\n          if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node.declaration)) {\n            for (const d of node.declaration.declarations) {\n              if (t.isIdentifier(d.id)) {\n                exports.set(d.id.name, { tag: 'Normal', name: d.id.name })\n                bindings.set(d.id.name, { type: 'var', init: d.init ?? null })\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        }\n        for (const sp of node.specifiers) {\n          if (t.isExportNamespaceSpecifier(sp)) {\n            exports.set(sp.exported.name, {\n              tag: 'Namespace',\n              name: sp.exported.name,\n              targetId: node.source?.value || '',\n            })\n          }\n          // export { local as exported }\n          else if (t.isExportSpecifier(sp)) {\n            const local = sp.local.name\n            const exported = t.isIdentifier(sp.exported)\n              ? sp.exported.name\n              : sp.exported.value\n            exports.set(exported, { tag: 'Normal', name: local })\n\n            // When re-exporting from another module (export { foo } from './module'),\n            // create an import binding so the server function can be resolved\n            if (node.source) {\n              bindings.set(local, {\n                type: 'import',\n                source: node.source.value,\n                importedName: local,\n              })\n            }\n          }\n        }\n      } else if (t.isExportDefaultDeclaration(node)) {\n        const d = node.declaration\n        if (t.isIdentifier(d)) {\n          exports.set('default', { tag: 'Default', name: d.name })\n        } else {\n          const synth = '__default_export__'\n          bindings.set(synth, { type: 'var', init: d as t.Expression })\n          exports.set('default', { tag: 'Default', name: synth })\n        }\n      } else if (t.isExportAllDeclaration(node)) {\n        // Handle `export * from './module'` syntax\n        // Track the source so we can look up exports from it when needed\n        reExportAllSources.push(node.source.value)\n      }\n    }\n\n    const info: ModuleInfo = {\n      id,\n      bindings,\n      exports,\n      reExportAllSources,\n    }\n    this.moduleCache.set(id, info)\n    return { info, ast }\n  }\n\n  public invalidateModule(id: string) {\n    return this.moduleCache.delete(id)\n  }\n\n  public async compile({\n    code,\n    id,\n    isProviderFile,\n    detectedKinds,\n  }: {\n    code: string\n    id: string\n    isProviderFile: boolean\n    /** Pre-detected kinds present in this file. If not provided, all valid kinds are checked. */\n    detectedKinds?: Set<LookupKind>\n  }) {\n    if (!this.initialized) {\n      await this.init()\n    }\n\n    // Use detected kinds if provided, otherwise fall back to all valid kinds for this env\n    const fileKinds = detectedKinds\n      ? new Set([...detectedKinds].filter((k) => this.validLookupKinds.has(k)))\n      : this.validLookupKinds\n\n    // Early exit if no kinds to process\n    if (fileKinds.size === 0) {\n      return null\n    }\n\n    const checkDirectCalls = needsDirectCallDetection(fileKinds)\n\n    const { ast } = this.ingestModule({ code, id })\n\n    // Single-pass traversal to:\n    // 1. Collect candidate paths (only candidates, not all CallExpressions)\n    // 2. Build a map for looking up paths of nested calls in method chains\n    const candidatePaths: Array<babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>> = []\n    // Map for nested chain lookup - only populated for CallExpressions that are\n    // part of a method chain (callee.object is a CallExpression)\n    const chainCallPaths = new Map<\n      t.CallExpression,\n      babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>\n    >()\n\n    babel.traverse(ast, {\n      CallExpression: (path) => {\n        const node = path.node\n        const parent = path.parent\n\n        // Check if this call is part of a larger chain (inner call)\n        // If so, store it for method chain lookup but don't treat as candidate\n        if (\n          t.isMemberExpression(parent) &&\n          t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)\n        ) {\n          // This is an inner call in a chain - store for later lookup\n          chainCallPaths.set(node, path)\n          return\n        }\n\n        // Pattern 1: Method chain pattern (.handler(), .server(), .client(), etc.)\n        if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {\n          candidatePaths.push(path)\n          return\n        }\n\n        // Pattern 2: Direct call pattern\n        if (checkDirectCalls) {\n          if (isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(path)) {\n            candidatePaths.push(path)\n          } else if (isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node)) {\n            candidatePaths.push(path)\n          }\n        }\n      },\n    })\n\n    if (candidatePaths.length === 0) {\n      return null\n    }\n\n    // Resolve all candidates in parallel to determine their kinds\n    const resolvedCandidates = await Promise.all(\n      candidatePaths.map(async (path) => ({\n        path,\n        kind: await this.resolveExprKind(path.node, id),\n      })),\n    )\n\n    // Filter to valid candidates\n    const validCandidates = resolvedCandidates.filter(({ kind }) =>\n      this.validLookupKinds.has(kind as LookupKind),\n    ) as Array<{ path: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>; kind: LookupKind }>\n\n    if (validCandidates.length === 0) {\n      return null\n    }\n\n    // Process valid candidates to collect method chains\n    const pathsToRewrite: Array<{\n      path: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>\n      kind: LookupKind\n      methodChain: MethodChainPaths\n    }> = []\n\n    for (const { path, kind } of validCandidates) {\n      const node = path.node\n\n      // Collect method chain paths by walking DOWN from root through the chain\n      const methodChain: MethodChainPaths = {\n        middleware: null,\n        inputValidator: null,\n        handler: null,\n        server: null,\n        client: null,\n      }\n\n      // Walk down the call chain using nodes, look up paths from map\n      let currentNode: t.CallExpression = node\n      let currentPath: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression> = path\n\n      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition\n      while (true) {\n        const callee = currentNode.callee\n        if (!t.isMemberExpression(callee)) {\n          break\n        }\n\n        // Record method chain path if it's a known method\n        if (t.isIdentifier(callee.property)) {\n          const name = callee.property.name as keyof MethodChainPaths\n          if (name in methodChain) {\n            // Get first argument path\n            const args = currentPath.get('arguments')\n            const firstArgPath =\n              Array.isArray(args) && args.length > 0 ? (args[0] ?? null) : null\n            methodChain[name] = {\n              callPath: currentPath,\n              firstArgPath,\n            }\n          }\n        }\n\n        // Move to the inner call (the object of the member expression)\n        if (!t.isCallExpression(callee.object)) {\n          break\n        }\n        currentNode = callee.object\n        // Look up path from chain map, or use candidate path if not found\n        const nextPath = chainCallPaths.get(currentNode)\n        if (!nextPath) {\n          break\n        }\n        currentPath = nextPath\n      }\n\n      pathsToRewrite.push({ path, kind, methodChain })\n    }\n\n    const refIdents = findReferencedIdentifiers(ast)\n\n    for (const { path, kind, methodChain } of pathsToRewrite) {\n      const candidate: RewriteCandidate = { path, methodChain }\n      if (kind === 'ServerFn') {\n        handleCreateServerFn(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n          code,\n          directive: this.options.directive,\n          isProviderFile,\n        })\n      } else if (kind === 'Middleware') {\n        handleCreateMiddleware(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n        })\n      } else if (kind === 'IsomorphicFn') {\n        handleCreateIsomorphicFn(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n        })\n      } else {\n        // ServerOnlyFn or ClientOnlyFn\n        handleEnvOnlyFn(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n          kind,\n        })\n      }\n    }\n\n    deadCodeElimination(ast, refIdents)\n\n    return generateFromAst(ast, {\n      sourceMaps: true,\n      sourceFileName: id,\n      filename: id,\n    })\n  }\n\n  private async resolveIdentifierKind(\n    ident: string,\n    id: string,\n    visited = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<Kind> {\n    const info = await this.getModuleInfo(id)\n\n    const binding = info.bindings.get(ident)\n    if (!binding) {\n      return 'None'\n    }\n    if (binding.resolvedKind) {\n      return binding.resolvedKind\n    }\n\n    // TODO improve cycle detection? should we throw here instead of returning 'None'?\n    // prevent cycles\n    const vKey = `${id}:${ident}`\n    if (visited.has(vKey)) {\n      return 'None'\n    }\n    visited.add(vKey)\n\n    const resolvedKind = await this.resolveBindingKind(binding, id, visited)\n    binding.resolvedKind = resolvedKind\n    return resolvedKind\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Recursively find an export in a module, following `export * from` chains.\n   * Returns the module info and binding if found, or undefined if not found.\n   */\n  private async findExportInModule(\n    moduleInfo: ModuleInfo,\n    exportName: string,\n    visitedModules = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<{ moduleInfo: ModuleInfo; binding: Binding } | undefined> {\n    // Prevent infinite loops in circular re-exports\n    if (visitedModules.has(moduleInfo.id)) {\n      return undefined\n    }\n    visitedModules.add(moduleInfo.id)\n\n    // First check direct exports\n    const directExport = moduleInfo.exports.get(exportName)\n    if (directExport) {\n      const binding = moduleInfo.bindings.get(directExport.name)\n      if (binding) {\n        return { moduleInfo, binding }\n      }\n    }\n\n    // If not found, recursively check re-export-all sources in parallel\n    // Valid code won't have duplicate exports across chains, so first match wins\n    if (moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.length > 0) {\n      const results = await Promise.all(\n        moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.map(async (reExportSource) => {\n          const reExportTarget = await this.options.resolveId(\n            reExportSource,\n            moduleInfo.id,\n          )\n          if (reExportTarget) {\n            const reExportModule = await this.getModuleInfo(reExportTarget)\n            return this.findExportInModule(\n              reExportModule,\n              exportName,\n              visitedModules,\n            )\n          }\n          return undefined\n        }),\n      )\n      // Return the first valid result\n      for (const result of results) {\n        if (result) {\n          return result\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    return undefined\n  }\n\n  private async resolveBindingKind(\n    binding: Binding,\n    fileId: string,\n    visited = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<Kind> {\n    if (binding.resolvedKind) {\n      return binding.resolvedKind\n    }\n    if (binding.type === 'import') {\n      // Fast path: check if this is a direct import from a known library\n      // (e.g., import { createServerFn } from '@tanstack/react-start')\n      // This avoids async resolveId calls for the common case\n      const knownExports = this.knownRootImports.get(binding.source)\n      if (knownExports) {\n        const kind = knownExports.get(binding.importedName)\n        if (kind) {\n          binding.resolvedKind = kind\n          return kind\n        }\n      }\n\n      // Slow path: resolve through the module graph\n      const target = await this.options.resolveId(binding.source, fileId)\n      if (!target) {\n        return 'None'\n      }\n\n      const importedModule = await this.getModuleInfo(target)\n\n      // Find the export, recursively searching through export * from chains\n      const found = await this.findExportInModule(\n        importedModule,\n        binding.importedName,\n      )\n\n      if (!found) {\n        return 'None'\n      }\n\n      const { moduleInfo: foundModule, binding: foundBinding } = found\n\n      if (foundBinding.resolvedKind) {\n        return foundBinding.resolvedKind\n      }\n\n      const resolvedKind = await this.resolveBindingKind(\n        foundBinding,\n        foundModule.id,\n        visited,\n      )\n      foundBinding.resolvedKind = resolvedKind\n      return resolvedKind\n    }\n\n    const resolvedKind = await this.resolveExprKind(\n      binding.init,\n      fileId,\n      visited,\n    )\n    binding.resolvedKind = resolvedKind\n    return resolvedKind\n  }\n\n  private async resolveExprKind(\n    expr: t.Expression | null,\n    fileId: string,\n    visited = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<Kind> {\n    if (!expr) {\n      return 'None'\n    }\n\n    // Unwrap common TypeScript/parenthesized wrappers first for efficiency\n    while (\n      t.isTSAsExpression(expr) ||\n      t.isTSNonNullExpression(expr) ||\n      t.isParenthesizedExpression(expr)\n    ) {\n      expr = expr.expression\n    }\n\n    let result: Kind = 'None'\n\n    if (t.isCallExpression(expr)) {\n      if (!t.isExpression(expr.callee)) {\n        return 'None'\n      }\n      const calleeKind = await this.resolveCalleeKind(\n        expr.callee,\n        fileId,\n        visited,\n      )\n      if (calleeKind === 'Root' || calleeKind === 'Builder') {\n        return 'Builder'\n      }\n      // Use direct Set.has() instead of iterating\n      if (this.validLookupKinds.has(calleeKind as LookupKind)) {\n        return calleeKind\n      }\n    } else if (t.isMemberExpression(expr) && t.isIdentifier(expr.property)) {\n      result = await this.resolveCalleeKind(expr.object, fileId, visited)\n    }\n\n    if (result === 'None' && t.isIdentifier(expr)) {\n      result = await this.resolveIdentifierKind(expr.name, fileId, visited)\n    }\n\n    return result\n  }\n\n  private async resolveCalleeKind(\n    callee: t.Expression,\n    fileId: string,\n    visited = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<Kind> {\n    if (t.isIdentifier(callee)) {\n      return this.resolveIdentifierKind(callee.name, fileId, visited)\n    }\n\n    if (t.isMemberExpression(callee) && t.isIdentifier(callee.property)) {\n      const prop = callee.property.name\n\n      // Check if this property matches any method chain pattern\n      const possibleKinds = IdentifierToKinds.get(prop)\n      if (possibleKinds) {\n        // Resolve base expression ONCE and reuse for all pattern checks\n        const base = await this.resolveExprKind(callee.object, fileId, visited)\n\n        // Check each possible kind that uses this identifier\n        for (const kind of possibleKinds) {\n          if (!this.validLookupKinds.has(kind)) continue\n\n          if (kind === 'ServerFn') {\n            if (base === 'Root' || base === 'Builder') {\n              return 'ServerFn'\n            }\n          } else if (kind === 'Middleware') {\n            if (\n              base === 'Root' ||\n              base === 'Builder' ||\n              base === 'Middleware'\n            ) {\n              return 'Middleware'\n            }\n          } else if (kind === 'IsomorphicFn') {\n            if (\n              base === 'Root' ||\n              base === 'Builder' ||\n              base === 'IsomorphicFn'\n            ) {\n              return 'IsomorphicFn'\n            }\n          }\n        }\n      }\n\n      // Check if the object is a namespace import\n      if (t.isIdentifier(callee.object)) {\n        const info = await this.getModuleInfo(fileId)\n        const binding = info.bindings.get(callee.object.name)\n        if (\n          binding &&\n          binding.type === 'import' &&\n          binding.importedName === '*'\n        ) {\n          // resolve the property from the target module\n          const targetModuleId = await this.options.resolveId(\n            binding.source,\n            fileId,\n          )\n          if (targetModuleId) {\n            const targetModule = await this.getModuleInfo(targetModuleId)\n            const exportEntry = targetModule.exports.get(callee.property.name)\n            if (exportEntry) {\n              const exportedBinding = targetModule.bindings.get(\n                exportEntry.name,\n              )\n              if (exportedBinding) {\n                return await this.resolveBindingKind(\n                  exportedBinding,\n                  targetModule.id,\n                  visited,\n                )\n              }\n            }\n          } else {\n            return 'None'\n          }\n        }\n      }\n      return this.resolveExprKind(callee.object, fileId, visited)\n    }\n\n    // handle nested expressions\n    return this.resolveExprKind(callee, fileId, visited)\n  }\n\n  private async getModuleInfo(id: string) {\n    let cached = this.moduleCache.get(id)\n    if (cached) {\n      return cached\n    }\n\n    await this.options.loadModule(id)\n\n    cached = this.moduleCache.get(id)\n    if (!cached) {\n      throw new Error(`could not load module info for ${id}`)\n    }\n    return cached\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Checks if a CallExpression has a method chain pattern that matches any of the lookup kinds.\n * E.g., `.handler()`, `.server()`, `.client()`, `.createMiddlewares()`\n */\nfunction isMethodChainCandidate(\n  node: t.CallExpression,\n  lookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>,\n): boolean {\n  const callee = node.callee\n  if (!t.isMemberExpression(callee) || !t.isIdentifier(callee.property)) {\n    return false\n  }\n\n  // Use pre-computed map for O(1) lookup\n  // IdentifierToKinds maps identifier -> Set<LookupKind> to handle shared identifiers\n  const possibleKinds = IdentifierToKinds.get(callee.property.name)\n  if (possibleKinds) {\n    // Check if any of the possible kinds are in the valid lookup kinds\n    for (const kind of possibleKinds) {\n      if (lookupKinds.has(kind)) {\n        return true\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  return 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This is used for IsomorphicFn which can be\n  // called without .client() or .server() (resulting in a no-op function).\n  allowRootAsCandidate?: boolean\n}\ntype DirectCallSetup = { type: 'directCall' }\n\nconst LookupSetup: Record<LookupKind, MethodChainSetup | DirectCallSetup> = {\n  ServerFn: {\n    type: 'methodChain',\n    candidateCallIdentifier: new Set(['handler']),\n  },\n  Middleware: {\n    type: 'methodChain',\n    candidateCallIdentifier: new Set(['server', 'client', 'createMiddlewares']),\n  },\n  IsomorphicFn: {\n    type: 'methodChain',\n    candidateCallIdentifier: new Set(['server', 'client']),\n    allowRootAsCandidate: true, // createIsomorphicFn() alone is valid (returns no-op)\n  },\n  ServerOnlyFn: { type: 'directCall' },\n  ClientOnlyFn: { type: 'directCall' },\n}\n\n// Single source of truth for detecting which kinds are present in code\n// These patterns are used for:\n// 1. Pre-scanning code to determine which kinds to look for (before AST parsing)\n// 2. Deriving the plugin's transform code filter\nexport const KindDetectionPatterns: Record<LookupKind, RegExp> = {\n  ServerFn: /\\.handler\\s*\\(/,\n  Middleware: /createMiddleware/,\n  IsomorphicFn: /createIsomorphicFn/,\n  ServerOnlyFn: /createServerOnlyFn/,\n  ClientOnlyFn: /createClientOnlyFn/,\n}\n\n// Which kinds are valid for each environment\nexport const LookupKindsPerEnv: Record<'client' | 'server', Set<LookupKind>> = {\n  client: new Set([\n    'Middleware',\n    'ServerFn',\n    'IsomorphicFn',\n    'ServerOnlyFn',\n    'ClientOnlyFn',\n  ] as const),\n  server: new Set([\n    'ServerFn',\n    'IsomorphicFn',\n    'ServerOnlyFn',\n    'ClientOnlyFn',\n  ] as const),\n}\n\n/**\n * Detects which LookupKinds are present in the code using string matching.\n * This is a fast pre-scan before AST parsing to limit the work done during compilation.\n */\nexport function detectKindsInCode(\n  code: string,\n  env: 'client' | 'server',\n): Set<LookupKind> {\n  const detected = new Set<LookupKind>()\n  const validForEnv = LookupKindsPerEnv[env]\n\n  for (const [kind, pattern] of Object.entries(KindDetectionPatterns) as Array<\n    [LookupKind, RegExp]\n  >) {\n    if (validForEnv.has(kind) && pattern.test(code)) {\n      detected.add(kind)\n    }\n  }\n\n  return detected\n}\n\n// Pre-computed map: identifier name -> Set<LookupKind> for fast candidate detection (method chain only)\n// Multiple kinds can share the same identifier (e.g., 'server' and 'client' are used by both Middleware and IsomorphicFn)\nconst IdentifierToKinds = new Map<string, Set<LookupKind>>()\nfor (const [kind, setup] of Object.entries(LookupSetup) as Array<\n  [LookupKind, MethodChainSetup | DirectCallSetup]\n>) {\n  if (setup.type === 'methodChain') {\n    for (const id of setup.candidateCallIdentifier) {\n      let kinds = IdentifierToKinds.get(id)\n      if (!kinds) {\n        kinds = new Set()\n        IdentifierToKinds.set(id, kinds)\n      }\n      kinds.add(kind)\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n// Known factory function names for direct call and root-as-candidate patterns\n// These are the names that, when called directly, create a new function.\n// Used to filter nested candidates - we only want to include actual factory calls,\n// not invocations of already-created functions (e.g., `myServerFn()` should NOT be a candidate)\nconst DirectCallFactoryNames = new Set([\n  'createServerOnlyFn',\n  'createClientOnlyFn',\n  'createIsomorphicFn',\n])\n\nexport type LookupConfig = {\n  libName: string\n  rootExport: string\n  kind: LookupKind | 'Root' // 'Root' for builder pattern, LookupKind for direct call\n}\n\ninterface ModuleInfo {\n  id: string\n  bindings: Map<string, Binding>\n  exports: Map<string, ExportEntry>\n  // Track `export * from './module'` declarations for re-export resolution\n  reExportAllSources: Array<string>\n}\n\n/**\n * Computes whether any file kinds need direct-call candidate detection.\n * This includes both directCall types (ServerOnlyFn, ClientOnlyFn) and\n * allowRootAsCandidate types (IsomorphicFn).\n */\nfunction needsDirectCallDetection(kinds: Set<LookupKind>): boolean {\n  for (const kind of kinds) {\n    const setup = LookupSetup[kind]\n    if (setup.type === 'directCall' || setup.allowRootAsCandidate) {\n      return true\n    }\n  }\n  return false\n}\n\n/**\n * Checks if all kinds in the set are guaranteed to be top-level only.\n * Only ServerFn is always declared at module level (must be assigned to a variable).\n * Middleware, IsomorphicFn, ServerOnlyFn, ClientOnlyFn can be nested inside functions.\n * When all kinds are top-level-only, we can use a fast scan instead of full traversal.\n */\nfunction areAllKindsTopLevelOnly(kinds: Set<LookupKind>): boolean {\n  return kinds.size === 1 && kinds.has('ServerFn')\n}\n\n/**\n * Checks if a CallExpression is a direct-call candidate for NESTED detection.\n * Returns true if the callee is a known factory function name.\n * This is stricter than top-level detection because we need to filter out\n * invocations of existing server functions (e.g., `myServerFn()`).\n */\nfunction isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node: t.CallExpression): boolean {\n  let calleeName: string | undefined\n  if (t.isIdentifier(node.callee)) {\n    calleeName = node.callee.name\n  } else if (\n    t.isMemberExpression(node.callee) &&\n    t.isIdentifier(node.callee.property)\n  ) {\n    calleeName = node.callee.property.name\n  }\n  return calleeName !== undefined && DirectCallFactoryNames.has(calleeName)\n}\n\n/**\n * Checks if a CallExpression path is a top-level direct-call candidate.\n * Top-level means the call is the init of a VariableDeclarator at program level.\n * We accept any simple identifier call or namespace call at top level\n * (e.g., `isomorphicFn()`, `TanStackStart.createServerOnlyFn()`) and let\n * resolution verify it. This handles renamed imports.\n */\nfunction isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(\n  path: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>,\n): boolean {\n  const node = path.node\n\n  // Must be a simple identifier call or namespace call\n  const isSimpleCall =\n    t.isIdentifier(node.callee) ||\n    (t.isMemberExpression(node.callee) &&\n      t.isIdentifier(node.callee.object) &&\n      t.isIdentifier(node.callee.property))\n\n  if (!isSimpleCall) {\n    return false\n  }\n\n  // Must be top-level: VariableDeclarator -> VariableDeclaration -> Program\n  const parent = path.parent\n  if (!t.isVariableDeclarator(parent) || parent.init !== node) {\n    return false\n  }\n  const grandParent = path.parentPath.parent\n  if (!t.isVariableDeclaration(grandParent)) {\n    return false\n  }\n  return t.isProgram(path.parentPath.parentPath?.parent)\n}\n\nexport class ServerFnCompiler {\n  private moduleCache = new Map<string, ModuleInfo>()\n  private initialized = false\n  private validLookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>\n  private resolveIdCache = new Map<string, string | null>()\n  private exportResolutionCache = new Map<\n    string,\n    Map<string, { moduleInfo: ModuleInfo; binding: Binding } | null>\n  >()\n  // Fast lookup for direct imports from known libraries (e.g., '@tanstack/react-start')\n  // Maps: libName → (exportName → Kind)\n  // This allows O(1) resolution for the common case without async resolveId calls\n  private knownRootImports = new Map<string, Map<string, Kind>>()\n  constructor(\n    private options: {\n      env: 'client' | 'server'\n      directive: string\n      lookupConfigurations: Array<LookupConfig>\n      lookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>\n      loadModule: (id: string) => Promise<void>\n      resolveId: (id: string, importer?: string) => Promise<string | null>\n      /**\n       * In 'build' mode, resolution results are cached for performance.\n       * In 'dev' mode (default), caching is disabled to avoid invalidation complexity with HMR.\n       */\n      mode?: 'dev' | 'build'\n    },\n  ) {\n    this.validLookupKinds = options.lookupKinds\n  }\n\n  private get mode(): 'dev' | 'build' {\n    return this.options.mode ?? 'dev'\n  }\n\n  private async resolveIdCached(id: string, importer?: string) {\n    if (this.mode === 'dev') {\n      return this.options.resolveId(id, importer)\n    }\n\n    const cacheKey = importer ? `${importer}::${id}` : id\n    const cached = this.resolveIdCache.get(cacheKey)\n    if (cached !== undefined) {\n      return cached\n    }\n    const resolved = await this.options.resolveId(id, importer)\n    this.resolveIdCache.set(cacheKey, resolved)\n    return resolved\n  }\n\n  private getExportResolutionCache(moduleId: string) {\n    let cache = this.exportResolutionCache.get(moduleId)\n    if (!cache) {\n      cache = new Map()\n      this.exportResolutionCache.set(moduleId, cache)\n    }\n    return cache\n  }\n\n  private async init() {\n    // Register internal stub package exports for recognition.\n    // These don't need module resolution - only the knownRootImports fast path.\n    this.knownRootImports.set(\n      '@tanstack/start-fn-stubs',\n      new Map<string, Kind>([\n        ['createIsomorphicFn', 'IsomorphicFn'],\n        ['createServerOnlyFn', 'ServerOnlyFn'],\n        ['createClientOnlyFn', 'ClientOnlyFn'],\n      ]),\n    )\n\n    await Promise.all(\n      this.options.lookupConfigurations.map(async (config) => {\n        // Populate the fast lookup map for direct imports (by package name)\n        // This allows O(1) recognition of imports from known packages.\n        let libExports = this.knownRootImports.get(config.libName)\n        if (!libExports) {\n          libExports = new Map()\n          this.knownRootImports.set(config.libName, libExports)\n        }\n        libExports.set(config.rootExport, config.kind)\n\n        const libId = await this.resolveIdCached(config.libName)\n        if (!libId) {\n          throw new Error(`could not resolve \"${config.libName}\"`)\n        }\n        let rootModule = this.moduleCache.get(libId)\n        if (!rootModule) {\n          // insert root binding\n          rootModule = {\n            bindings: new Map(),\n            exports: new Map(),\n            id: libId,\n            reExportAllSources: [],\n          }\n          this.moduleCache.set(libId, rootModule)\n        }\n\n        rootModule.exports.set(config.rootExport, {\n          tag: 'Normal',\n          name: config.rootExport,\n        })\n        rootModule.exports.set('*', {\n          tag: 'Namespace',\n          name: config.rootExport,\n          targetId: libId,\n        })\n        rootModule.bindings.set(config.rootExport, {\n          type: 'var',\n          init: null, // Not needed since resolvedKind is set\n          resolvedKind: config.kind satisfies Kind,\n        })\n        this.moduleCache.set(libId, rootModule)\n      }),\n    )\n\n    this.initialized = true\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Extracts bindings and exports from an already-parsed AST.\n   * This is the core logic shared by ingestModule and ingestModuleFromAst.\n   */\n  private extractModuleInfo(\n    ast: ReturnType<typeof parseAst>,\n    id: string,\n  ): ModuleInfo {\n    const bindings = new Map<string, Binding>()\n    const exports = new Map<string, ExportEntry>()\n    const reExportAllSources: Array<string> = []\n\n    // we are only interested in top-level bindings, hence we don't traverse the AST\n    // instead we only iterate over the program body\n    for (const node of ast.program.body) {\n      if (t.isImportDeclaration(node)) {\n        const source = node.source.value\n        for (const s of node.specifiers) {\n          if (t.isImportSpecifier(s)) {\n            const importedName = t.isIdentifier(s.imported)\n              ? s.imported.name\n              : s.imported.value\n            bindings.set(s.local.name, { type: 'import', source, importedName })\n          } else if (t.isImportDefaultSpecifier(s)) {\n            bindings.set(s.local.name, {\n              type: 'import',\n              source,\n              importedName: 'default',\n            })\n          } else if (t.isImportNamespaceSpecifier(s)) {\n            bindings.set(s.local.name, {\n              type: 'import',\n              source,\n              importedName: '*',\n            })\n          }\n        }\n      } else if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {\n        for (const decl of node.declarations) {\n          if (t.isIdentifier(decl.id)) {\n            bindings.set(decl.id.name, {\n              type: 'var',\n              init: decl.init ?? null,\n            })\n          }\n        }\n      } else if (t.isExportNamedDeclaration(node)) {\n        // export const foo = ...\n        if (node.declaration) {\n          if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node.declaration)) {\n            for (const d of node.declaration.declarations) {\n              if (t.isIdentifier(d.id)) {\n                exports.set(d.id.name, { tag: 'Normal', name: d.id.name })\n                bindings.set(d.id.name, { type: 'var', init: d.init ?? null })\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        }\n        for (const sp of node.specifiers) {\n          if (t.isExportNamespaceSpecifier(sp)) {\n            exports.set(sp.exported.name, {\n              tag: 'Namespace',\n              name: sp.exported.name,\n              targetId: node.source?.value || '',\n            })\n          }\n          // export { local as exported }\n          else if (t.isExportSpecifier(sp)) {\n            const local = sp.local.name\n            const exported = t.isIdentifier(sp.exported)\n              ? sp.exported.name\n              : sp.exported.value\n            exports.set(exported, { tag: 'Normal', name: local })\n\n            // When re-exporting from another module (export { foo } from './module'),\n            // create an import binding so the server function can be resolved\n            if (node.source) {\n              bindings.set(local, {\n                type: 'import',\n                source: node.source.value,\n                importedName: local,\n              })\n            }\n          }\n        }\n      } else if (t.isExportDefaultDeclaration(node)) {\n        const d = node.declaration\n        if (t.isIdentifier(d)) {\n          exports.set('default', { tag: 'Default', name: d.name })\n        } else {\n          const synth = '__default_export__'\n          bindings.set(synth, { type: 'var', init: d as t.Expression })\n          exports.set('default', { tag: 'Default', name: synth })\n        }\n      } else if (t.isExportAllDeclaration(node)) {\n        // Handle `export * from './module'` syntax\n        // Track the source so we can look up exports from it when needed\n        reExportAllSources.push(node.source.value)\n      }\n    }\n\n    const info: ModuleInfo = {\n      id,\n      bindings,\n      exports,\n      reExportAllSources,\n    }\n    this.moduleCache.set(id, info)\n    return info\n  }\n\n  public ingestModule({ code, id }: { code: string; id: string }) {\n    const ast = parseAst({ code })\n    const info = this.extractModuleInfo(ast, id)\n    return { info, ast }\n  }\n\n  public invalidateModule(id: string) {\n    // Note: Resolution caches (resolveIdCache, exportResolutionCache) are only\n    // used in build mode where there's no HMR. In dev mode, caching is disabled,\n    // so we only need to invalidate the moduleCache here.\n    return this.moduleCache.delete(id)\n  }\n\n  public async compile({\n    code,\n    id,\n    isProviderFile,\n    detectedKinds,\n  }: {\n    code: string\n    id: string\n    isProviderFile: boolean\n    /** Pre-detected kinds present in this file. If not provided, all valid kinds are checked. */\n    detectedKinds?: Set<LookupKind>\n  }) {\n    if (!this.initialized) {\n      await this.init()\n    }\n\n    // Use detected kinds if provided, otherwise fall back to all valid kinds for this env\n    const fileKinds = detectedKinds\n      ? new Set([...detectedKinds].filter((k) => this.validLookupKinds.has(k)))\n      : this.validLookupKinds\n\n    // Early exit if no kinds to process\n    if (fileKinds.size === 0) {\n      return null\n    }\n\n    const checkDirectCalls = needsDirectCallDetection(fileKinds)\n    // Optimization: ServerFn is always a top-level declaration (must be assigned to a variable).\n    // If the file only has ServerFn, we can skip full AST traversal and only visit\n    // the specific top-level declarations that have candidates.\n    const canUseFastPath = areAllKindsTopLevelOnly(fileKinds)\n\n    // Always parse and extract module info upfront.\n    // This ensures the module is cached for import resolution even if no candidates are found.\n    const { ast } = this.ingestModule({ code, id })\n\n    // Single-pass traversal to:\n    // 1. Collect candidate paths (only candidates, not all CallExpressions)\n    // 2. Build a map for looking up paths of nested calls in method chains\n    const candidatePaths: Array<babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>> = []\n    // Map for nested chain lookup - only populated for CallExpressions that are\n    // part of a method chain (callee.object is a CallExpression)\n    const chainCallPaths = new Map<\n      t.CallExpression,\n      babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>\n    >()\n\n    if (canUseFastPath) {\n      // Fast path: only visit top-level statements that have potential candidates\n\n      // Collect indices of top-level statements that contain candidates\n      const candidateIndices: Array<number> = []\n      for (let i = 0; i < ast.program.body.length; i++) {\n        const node = ast.program.body[i]!\n        let declarations: Array<t.VariableDeclarator> | undefined\n\n        if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {\n          declarations = node.declarations\n        } else if (t.isExportNamedDeclaration(node) && node.declaration) {\n          if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node.declaration)) {\n            declarations = node.declaration.declarations\n          }\n        }\n\n        if (declarations) {\n          for (const decl of declarations) {\n            if (decl.init && t.isCallExpression(decl.init)) {\n              if (isMethodChainCandidate(decl.init, fileKinds)) {\n                candidateIndices.push(i)\n                break // Only need to mark this statement once\n              }\n            }\n          }\n        }\n      }\n\n      // Early exit: no potential candidates found at top level\n      if (candidateIndices.length === 0) {\n        return null\n      }\n\n      // Targeted traversal: only visit the specific statements that have candidates\n      // This is much faster than traversing the entire AST\n      babel.traverse(ast, {\n        Program(programPath) {\n          const bodyPaths = programPath.get('body')\n          for (const idx of candidateIndices) {\n            const stmtPath = bodyPaths[idx]\n            if (!stmtPath) continue\n\n            // Traverse only this statement's subtree\n            stmtPath.traverse({\n              CallExpression(path) {\n                const node = path.node\n                const parent = path.parent\n\n                // Check if this call is part of a larger chain (inner call)\n                if (\n                  t.isMemberExpression(parent) &&\n                  t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)\n                ) {\n                  chainCallPaths.set(node, path)\n                  return\n                }\n\n                // Method chain pattern\n                if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {\n                  candidatePaths.push(path)\n                }\n              },\n            })\n          }\n          // Stop traversal after processing Program\n          programPath.stop()\n        },\n      })\n    } else {\n      // Normal path: full traversal for non-fast-path kinds\n      babel.traverse(ast, {\n        CallExpression: (path) => {\n          const node = path.node\n          const parent = path.parent\n\n          // Check if this call is part of a larger chain (inner call)\n          // If so, store it for method chain lookup but don't treat as candidate\n          if (\n            t.isMemberExpression(parent) &&\n            t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)\n          ) {\n            // This is an inner call in a chain - store for later lookup\n            chainCallPaths.set(node, path)\n            return\n          }\n\n          // Pattern 1: Method chain pattern (.handler(), .server(), .client(), etc.)\n          if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {\n            candidatePaths.push(path)\n            return\n          }\n\n          // Pattern 2: Direct call pattern\n          if (checkDirectCalls) {\n            if (isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(path)) {\n              candidatePaths.push(path)\n            } else if (isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node)) {\n              candidatePaths.push(path)\n            }\n          }\n        },\n      })\n    }\n\n    if (candidatePaths.length === 0) {\n      return null\n    }\n\n    // Resolve all candidates in parallel to determine their kinds\n    const resolvedCandidates = await Promise.all(\n      candidatePaths.map(async (path) => ({\n        path,\n        kind: await this.resolveExprKind(path.node, id),\n      })),\n    )\n\n    // Filter to valid candidates\n    const validCandidates = resolvedCandidates.filter(({ kind }) =>\n      this.validLookupKinds.has(kind as LookupKind),\n    ) as Array<{ path: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>; kind: LookupKind }>\n\n    if (validCandidates.length === 0) {\n      return null\n    }\n\n    // Process valid candidates to collect method chains\n    const pathsToRewrite: Array<{\n      path: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>\n      kind: LookupKind\n      methodChain: MethodChainPaths\n    }> = []\n\n    for (const { path, kind } of validCandidates) {\n      const node = path.node\n\n      // Collect method chain paths by walking DOWN from root through the chain\n      const methodChain: MethodChainPaths = {\n        middleware: null,\n        inputValidator: null,\n        handler: null,\n        server: null,\n        client: null,\n      }\n\n      // Walk down the call chain using nodes, look up paths from map\n      let currentNode: t.CallExpression = node\n      let currentPath: babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression> = path\n\n      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition\n      while (true) {\n        const callee = currentNode.callee\n        if (!t.isMemberExpression(callee)) {\n          break\n        }\n\n        // Record method chain path if it's a known method\n        if (t.isIdentifier(callee.property)) {\n          const name = callee.property.name as keyof MethodChainPaths\n          if (name in methodChain) {\n            // Get first argument path\n            const args = currentPath.get('arguments')\n            const firstArgPath =\n              Array.isArray(args) && args.length > 0 ? (args[0] ?? null) : null\n            methodChain[name] = {\n              callPath: currentPath,\n              firstArgPath,\n            }\n          }\n        }\n\n        // Move to the inner call (the object of the member expression)\n        if (!t.isCallExpression(callee.object)) {\n          break\n        }\n        currentNode = callee.object\n        // Look up path from chain map, or use candidate path if not found\n        const nextPath = chainCallPaths.get(currentNode)\n        if (!nextPath) {\n          break\n        }\n        currentPath = nextPath\n      }\n\n      pathsToRewrite.push({ path, kind, methodChain })\n    }\n\n    const refIdents = findReferencedIdentifiers(ast)\n\n    for (const { path, kind, methodChain } of pathsToRewrite) {\n      const candidate: RewriteCandidate = { path, methodChain }\n      if (kind === 'ServerFn') {\n        handleCreateServerFn(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n          code,\n          directive: this.options.directive,\n          isProviderFile,\n        })\n      } else if (kind === 'Middleware') {\n        handleCreateMiddleware(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n        })\n      } else if (kind === 'IsomorphicFn') {\n        handleCreateIsomorphicFn(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n        })\n      } else {\n        // ServerOnlyFn or ClientOnlyFn\n        handleEnvOnlyFn(candidate, {\n          env: this.options.env,\n          kind,\n        })\n      }\n    }\n\n    deadCodeElimination(ast, refIdents)\n\n    return generateFromAst(ast, {\n      sourceMaps: true,\n      sourceFileName: id,\n      filename: id,\n    })\n  }\n\n  private async resolveIdentifierKind(\n    ident: string,\n    id: string,\n    visited = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<Kind> {\n    const info = await this.getModuleInfo(id)\n\n    const binding = info.bindings.get(ident)\n    if (!binding) {\n      return 'None'\n    }\n    if (binding.resolvedKind) {\n      return binding.resolvedKind\n    }\n\n    // TODO improve cycle detection? should we throw here instead of returning 'None'?\n    // prevent cycles\n    const vKey = `${id}:${ident}`\n    if (visited.has(vKey)) {\n      return 'None'\n    }\n    visited.add(vKey)\n\n    const resolvedKind = await this.resolveBindingKind(binding, id, visited)\n    binding.resolvedKind = resolvedKind\n    return resolvedKind\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Recursively find an export in a module, following `export * from` chains.\n   * Returns the module info and binding if found, or undefined if not found.\n   */\n  private async findExportInModule(\n    moduleInfo: ModuleInfo,\n    exportName: string,\n    visitedModules = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<{ moduleInfo: ModuleInfo; binding: Binding } | undefined> {\n    const isBuildMode = this.mode === 'build'\n\n    // Check cache first (only for top-level calls in build mode)\n    if (isBuildMode && visitedModules.size === 0) {\n      const moduleCache = this.exportResolutionCache.get(moduleInfo.id)\n      if (moduleCache) {\n        const cached = moduleCache.get(exportName)\n        if (cached !== undefined) {\n          return cached ?? undefined\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Prevent infinite loops in circular re-exports\n    if (visitedModules.has(moduleInfo.id)) {\n      return undefined\n    }\n    visitedModules.add(moduleInfo.id)\n\n    // First check direct exports\n    const directExport = moduleInfo.exports.get(exportName)\n    if (directExport) {\n      const binding = moduleInfo.bindings.get(directExport.name)\n      if (binding) {\n        const result = { moduleInfo, binding }\n        // Cache the result (build mode only)\n        if (isBuildMode) {\n          this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, result)\n        }\n        return result\n      }\n    }\n\n    // If not found, recursively check re-export-all sources in parallel\n    // Valid code won't have duplicate exports across chains, so first match wins\n    if (moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.length > 0) {\n      const results = await Promise.all(\n        moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.map(async (reExportSource) => {\n          const reExportTarget = await this.resolveIdCached(\n            reExportSource,\n            moduleInfo.id,\n          )\n\n          if (reExportTarget) {\n            const reExportModule = await this.getModuleInfo(reExportTarget)\n            return this.findExportInModule(\n              reExportModule,\n              exportName,\n              visitedModules,\n            )\n          }\n          return undefined\n        }),\n      )\n      // Return the first valid result\n      for (const result of results) {\n        if (result) {\n          // Cache the result (build mode only)\n          if (isBuildMode) {\n            this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, result)\n          }\n          return result\n        }\n      }\n    }\n\n    // Cache negative result (build mode only)\n    if (isBuildMode) {\n      this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, null)\n    }\n    return undefined\n  }\n\n  private async resolveBindingKind(\n    binding: Binding,\n    fileId: string,\n    visited = new Set<string>(),\n  ): Promise<Kind> {\n    if (binding.resolvedKind) {\n      return binding.resolvedKind\n    }\n    if (binding.type === 'import') {\n      // Fast path: check if this is a direct import from a known library\n      // (e.g., import { createServerFn } from '@tanstack/react-start')\n      // This avoids async resolveId calls for the common case\n      const knownExports = this.knownRootImports.get(binding.source)\n      if (knownExports) {\n        const kind = knownExports.get(binding.importedName)\n        if (kind) {\n          binding.resolvedKind = kind\n          return kind\n        }\n      }\n\n      // Slow path: resolve through the module graph\n      const target = await 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package/dist/esm/create-server-fn-plugin/plugin.js

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ function createServerFnPlugin(opts) {
         async handler(code, id) {
           let compiler = compilers[this.environment.name];
           if (!compiler) {
+            const mode = this.environment.mode === "build" ? "build" : "dev";
             compiler = new ServerFnCompiler({
               env: environment.type,
               directive: opts.directive,
@@ -94,6 +95,7 @@ function createServerFnPlugin(opts) {
                 environment.type,
                 opts.framework
               ),
+              mode,
               loadModule: async (id2) => {
                 if (this.environment.mode === "build") {
                   const loaded = await this.load({ id: id2 });

package/dist/esm/create-server-fn-plugin/plugin.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"plugin.js","sources":["../../../src/create-server-fn-plugin/plugin.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import { TRANSFORM_ID_REGEX } from '../constants'\nimport {\n  KindDetectionPatterns,\n  LookupKindsPerEnv,\n  ServerFnCompiler,\n  detectKindsInCode,\n} from './compiler'\nimport type { CompileStartFrameworkOptions } from '../types'\nimport type { LookupConfig, LookupKind } from './compiler'\nimport type { PluginOption } from 'vite'\n\nfunction cleanId(id: string): string {\n  // Remove null byte prefix used by Vite/Rollup for virtual modules\n  if (id.startsWith('\\0')) {\n    id = id.slice(1)\n  }\n  const queryIndex = id.indexOf('?')\n  return queryIndex === -1 ? id : id.substring(0, queryIndex)\n}\n\n// Derive transform code filter from KindDetectionPatterns (single source of truth)\nfunction getTransformCodeFilterForEnv(env: 'client' | 'server'): Array<RegExp> {\n  const validKinds = LookupKindsPerEnv[env]\n  const patterns: Array<RegExp> = []\n  for (const [kind, pattern] of Object.entries(KindDetectionPatterns) as Array<\n    [LookupKind, RegExp]\n  >) {\n    if (validKinds.has(kind)) {\n      patterns.push(pattern)\n    }\n  }\n  return patterns\n}\n\nconst getLookupConfigurationsForEnv = (\n  env: 'client' | 'server',\n  framework: CompileStartFrameworkOptions,\n): Array<LookupConfig> => {\n  // Common configs for all environments\n  const commonConfigs: Array<LookupConfig> = [\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createServerFn',\n      kind: 'Root',\n    },\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createIsomorphicFn',\n      kind: 'IsomorphicFn',\n    },\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createServerOnlyFn',\n      kind: 'ServerOnlyFn',\n    },\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createClientOnlyFn',\n      kind: 'ClientOnlyFn',\n    },\n  ]\n\n  if (env === 'client') {\n    return [\n      {\n        libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n        rootExport: 'createMiddleware',\n        kind: 'Root',\n      },\n      {\n        libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n        rootExport: 'createStart',\n        kind: 'Root',\n      },\n      ...commonConfigs,\n    ]\n  } else {\n    return commonConfigs\n  }\n}\nconst SERVER_FN_LOOKUP = 'server-fn-module-lookup'\n\nfunction buildDirectiveSplitParam(directive: string) {\n  return `tsr-directive-${directive.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/g, '-')}`\n}\n\nexport function createServerFnPlugin(opts: {\n  framework: CompileStartFrameworkOptions\n  directive: string\n  environments: Array<{ name: string; type: 'client' | 'server' }>\n}): PluginOption {\n  const compilers: Record<string /* envName */, ServerFnCompiler> = {}\n  const directiveSplitParam = buildDirectiveSplitParam(opts.directive)\n\n  function perEnvServerFnPlugin(environment: {\n    name: string\n    type: 'client' | 'server'\n  }): PluginOption {\n    // Derive transform code filter from KindDetectionPatterns (single source of truth)\n    const transformCodeFilter = getTransformCodeFilterForEnv(environment.type)\n\n    return {\n      name: `tanstack-start-core::server-fn:${environment.name}`,\n      enforce: 'pre',\n      applyToEnvironment(env) {\n        return env.name === environment.name\n      },\n      transform: {\n        filter: {\n          id: {\n            exclude: new RegExp(`${SERVER_FN_LOOKUP}$`),\n            include: TRANSFORM_ID_REGEX,\n          },\n          code: {\n            include: transformCodeFilter,\n          },\n        },\n        async handler(code, id) {\n          let compiler = compilers[this.environment.name]\n          if (!compiler) {\n            compiler = new ServerFnCompiler({\n              env: environment.type,\n              directive: opts.directive,\n              lookupKinds: LookupKindsPerEnv[environment.type],\n              lookupConfigurations: getLookupConfigurationsForEnv(\n           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  */\n                  await this.environment.fetchModule(\n                    id + '?' + SERVER_FN_LOOKUP,\n                  )\n                } else {\n                  throw new Error(\n                    `could not load module ${id}: unknown environment mode ${this.environment.mode}`,\n                  )\n                }\n              },\n              resolveId: async (source: string, importer?: string) => {\n                const r = await this.resolve(source, importer)\n                if (r) {\n                  if (!r.external) {\n                    return cleanId(r.id)\n                  }\n                }\n                return null\n              },\n            })\n            compilers[this.environment.name] = compiler\n          }\n\n          const isProviderFile = id.includes(directiveSplitParam)\n\n          // Detect which kinds are present in this file before parsing\n          const detectedKinds = detectKindsInCode(code, environment.type)\n\n          id = cleanId(id)\n          const result = await compiler.compile({\n            id,\n            code,\n            isProviderFile,\n            detectedKinds,\n          })\n          return result\n        },\n      },\n\n      hotUpdate(ctx) {\n        const compiler = compilers[this.environment.name]\n\n        ctx.modules.forEach((m) => {\n          if (m.id) {\n            const deleted = compiler?.invalidateModule(m.id)\n            if (deleted) {\n              m.importers.forEach((importer) => {\n                if (importer.id) {\n                  compiler?.invalidateModule(importer.id)\n                }\n              })\n            }\n          }\n        })\n      },\n    }\n  }\n\n  return [\n    ...opts.environments.map(perEnvServerFnPlugin),\n    {\n      name: 'tanstack-start-core:capture-server-fn-module-lookup',\n      // we only need this plugin in dev mode\n      apply: 'serve',\n      applyToEnvironment(env) {\n        return !!opts.environments.find((e) => 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+{"version":3,"file":"plugin.js","sources":["../../../src/create-server-fn-plugin/plugin.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import { TRANSFORM_ID_REGEX } from '../constants'\nimport {\n  KindDetectionPatterns,\n  LookupKindsPerEnv,\n  ServerFnCompiler,\n  detectKindsInCode,\n} from './compiler'\nimport type { CompileStartFrameworkOptions } from '../types'\nimport type { LookupConfig, LookupKind } from './compiler'\nimport type { PluginOption } from 'vite'\n\nfunction cleanId(id: string): string {\n  // Remove null byte prefix used by Vite/Rollup for virtual modules\n  if (id.startsWith('\\0')) {\n    id = id.slice(1)\n  }\n  const queryIndex = id.indexOf('?')\n  return queryIndex === -1 ? id : id.substring(0, queryIndex)\n}\n\n// Derive transform code filter from KindDetectionPatterns (single source of truth)\nfunction getTransformCodeFilterForEnv(env: 'client' | 'server'): Array<RegExp> {\n  const validKinds = LookupKindsPerEnv[env]\n  const patterns: Array<RegExp> = []\n  for (const [kind, pattern] of Object.entries(KindDetectionPatterns) as Array<\n    [LookupKind, RegExp]\n  >) {\n    if (validKinds.has(kind)) {\n      patterns.push(pattern)\n    }\n  }\n  return patterns\n}\n\nconst getLookupConfigurationsForEnv = (\n  env: 'client' | 'server',\n  framework: CompileStartFrameworkOptions,\n): Array<LookupConfig> => {\n  // Common configs for all environments\n  const commonConfigs: Array<LookupConfig> = [\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createServerFn',\n      kind: 'Root',\n    },\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createIsomorphicFn',\n      kind: 'IsomorphicFn',\n    },\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createServerOnlyFn',\n      kind: 'ServerOnlyFn',\n    },\n    {\n      libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n      rootExport: 'createClientOnlyFn',\n      kind: 'ClientOnlyFn',\n    },\n  ]\n\n  if (env === 'client') {\n    return [\n      {\n        libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n        rootExport: 'createMiddleware',\n        kind: 'Root',\n      },\n      {\n        libName: `@tanstack/${framework}-start`,\n        rootExport: 'createStart',\n        kind: 'Root',\n      },\n      ...commonConfigs,\n    ]\n  } else {\n    return commonConfigs\n  }\n}\nconst SERVER_FN_LOOKUP = 'server-fn-module-lookup'\n\nfunction buildDirectiveSplitParam(directive: string) {\n  return `tsr-directive-${directive.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/g, '-')}`\n}\n\nexport function createServerFnPlugin(opts: {\n  framework: CompileStartFrameworkOptions\n  directive: string\n  environments: Array<{ name: string; type: 'client' | 'server' }>\n}): PluginOption {\n  const compilers: Record<string /* envName */, ServerFnCompiler> = {}\n  const directiveSplitParam = buildDirectiveSplitParam(opts.directive)\n\n  function perEnvServerFnPlugin(environment: {\n    name: string\n    type: 'client' | 'server'\n  }): PluginOption {\n    // Derive transform code filter from KindDetectionPatterns (single source of truth)\n    const transformCodeFilter = getTransformCodeFilterForEnv(environment.type)\n\n    return {\n      name: `tanstack-start-core::server-fn:${environment.name}`,\n      enforce: 'pre',\n      applyToEnvironment(env) {\n        return env.name === environment.name\n      },\n      transform: {\n        filter: {\n          id: {\n            exclude: new RegExp(`${SERVER_FN_LOOKUP}$`),\n            include: TRANSFORM_ID_REGEX,\n          },\n          code: {\n            include: transformCodeFilter,\n          },\n        },\n        async handler(code, id) {\n          let compiler = compilers[this.environment.name]\n          if (!compiler) {\n            // Default to 'dev' mode for unknown environments (conservative: no caching)\n            const mode =\n              this.environment.mode === 'build' ? 'build' : ('dev' as const)\n            compiler = new ServerFnCompiler({\n              env: environment.type,\n              directive: opts.directive,\n              lookupKinds: LookupKindsPerEnv[environment.type],\n              lookupConfigurations: getLookupConfigurationsForEnv(\n                environment.type,\n                opts.framework,\n              ),\n              mode,\n              loadModule: async (id: string) => {\n                if (this.environment.mode === 'build') {\n                  const loaded = await this.load({ id })\n                  if (!loaded.code) {\n                    throw new Error(`could not load module ${id}`)\n                  }\n                  compiler!.ingestModule({ code: loaded.code, id })\n                } else if (this.environment.mode === 'dev') {\n                  /**\n                   * in dev, vite does not return code from `ctx.load()`\n                   * so instead, we need to take a different approach\n                   * we must force vite to load the module and run it through the vite plugin pipeline\n                   * we can do this by using the `fetchModule` method\n                   * the `captureServerFnModuleLookupPlugin` captures the module code via its transform hook and invokes analyzeModuleAST\n                   */\n                  await this.environment.fetchModule(\n                    id + '?' + SERVER_FN_LOOKUP,\n                  )\n                } else {\n                  throw new Error(\n                    `could not load module ${id}: unknown environment mode ${this.environment.mode}`,\n                  )\n                }\n              },\n              resolveId: async (source: string, importer?: string) => {\n                const r = await this.resolve(source, importer)\n                if (r) {\n                  if (!r.external) {\n                    return cleanId(r.id)\n                  }\n                }\n                return null\n              },\n            })\n            compilers[this.environment.name] = compiler\n          }\n\n          const isProviderFile = id.includes(directiveSplitParam)\n\n          // Detect which kinds are present in this file before parsing\n          const detectedKinds = detectKindsInCode(code, environment.type)\n\n          id = cleanId(id)\n          const result = await compiler.compile({\n            id,\n            code,\n            isProviderFile,\n            detectedKinds,\n          })\n          return result\n        },\n      },\n\n      hotUpdate(ctx) {\n        const compiler = compilers[this.environment.name]\n\n        ctx.modules.forEach((m) => {\n          if (m.id) {\n            const deleted = compiler?.invalidateModule(m.id)\n            if (deleted) {\n              m.importers.forEach((importer) => {\n                if (importer.id) {\n                  compiler?.invalidateModule(importer.id)\n                }\n              })\n            }\n          }\n        })\n      },\n    }\n  }\n\n  return [\n    ...opts.environments.map(perEnvServerFnPlugin),\n    {\n      name: 'tanstack-start-core:capture-server-fn-module-lookup',\n      // we only need this plugin in dev mode\n      apply: 'serve',\n      applyToEnvironment(env) {\n        return !!opts.environments.find((e) => e.name === env.name)\n      },\n      transform: {\n        filter: {\n          id: new RegExp(`${SERVER_FN_LOOKUP}$`),\n        },\n        handler(code, id) {\n          const compiler = compilers[this.environment.name]\n          compiler?.ingestModule({ code, id: cleanId(id) })\n        },\n      },\n    },\n  ]\n}\n"],"names":["id"],"mappings":";;AAWA,SAAS,QAAQ,IAAoB;AAEnC,MAAI,GAAG,WAAW,IAAI,GAAG;AACvB,SAAK,GAAG,MAAM,CAAC;AAAA,EACjB;AACA,QAAM,aAAa,GAAG,QAAQ,GAAG;AACjC,SAAO,eAAe,KAAK,KAAK,GAAG,UAAU,GAAG,UAAU;AAC5D;AAGA,SAAS,6BAA6B,KAAyC;AAC7E,QAAM,aAAa,kBAAkB,GAAG;AACxC,QAAM,WAA0B,CAAA;AAChC,aAAW,CAAC,MAAM,OAAO,KAAK,OAAO,QAAQ,qBAAqB,GAE/D;AACD,QAAI,WAAW,IAAI,IAAI,GAAG;AACxB,eAAS,KAAK,OAAO;AAAA,IACvB;AAAA,EACF;AACA,SAAO;AACT;AAEA,MAAM,gCAAgC,CACpC,KACA,cACwB;AAExB,QAAM,gBAAqC;AAAA,IACzC;AAAA,MACE,SAAS,aAAa,SAAS;AAAA,MAC/B,YAAY;AAAA,MACZ,MAAM;AAAA,IAAA;AAAA,IAER;AAAA,MACE,SAAS,aAAa,SAAS;AAAA,MAC/B,YAAY;AAAA,MACZ,MAAM;AAAA,IAAA;AAAA,IAER;AAAA,MACE,SAAS,aAAa,SAAS;AAAA,MAC/B,YAAY;AAAA,MACZ,MAAM;AAAA,IAAA;AAAA,IAER;AAAA,MACE,SAAS,aAAa,SAAS;AAAA,MAC/B,YAAY;AAAA,MACZ,MAAM;AAAA,IAAA;AAAA,EACR;AAGF,MAAI,QAAQ,UAAU;AACpB,WAAO;AAAA,MACL;AAAA,QACE,SAAS,aAAa,SAAS;AAAA,QAC/B,YAAY;AAAA,QACZ,MAAM;AAAA,MAAA;AAAA,MAER;AAAA,QACE,SAAS,aAAa,SAAS;AAAA,QAC/B,YAAY;AAAA,QACZ,MAAM;AAAA,MAAA;AAAA,MAER,GAAG;AAAA,IAAA;AAAA,EAEP,OAAO;AACL,WAAO;AAAA,EACT;AACF;AACA,MAAM,mBAAmB;AAEzB,SAAS,yBAAyB,WAAmB;AACnD,SAAO,iBAAiB,UAAU,QAAQ,iBAAiB,GAAG,CAAC;AACjE;AAEO,SAAS,qBAAqB,MAIpB;AACf,QAAM,YAA4D,CAAA;AAClE,QAAM,sBAAsB,yBAAyB,KAAK,SAAS;AAEnE,WAAS,qBAAqB,aAGb;AAEf,UAAM,sBAAsB,6BAA6B,YAAY,IAAI;AAEzE,WAAO;AAAA,MACL,MAAM,kCAAkC,YAAY,IAAI;AAAA,MACxD,SAAS;AAAA,MACT,mBAAmB,KAAK;AACtB,eAAO,IAAI,SAAS,YAAY;AAAA,MAClC;AAAA,MACA,WAAW;AAAA,QACT,QAAQ;AAAA,UACN,IAAI;AAAA,YACF,SAAS,IAAI,OAAO,GAAG,gBAAgB,GAAG;AAAA,YAC1C,SAAS;AAAA,UAAA;AAAA,UAEX,MAAM;AAAA,YACJ,SAAS;AAAA,UAAA;AAAA,QACX;AAAA,QAEF,MAAM,QAAQ,MAAM,IAAI;AACtB,cAAI,WAAW,UAAU,KAAK,YAAY,IAAI;AAC9C,cAAI,CAAC,UAAU;AAEb,kBAAM,OACJ,KAAK,YAAY,SAAS,UAAU,UAAW;AACjD,uBAAW,IAAI,iBAAiB;AAAA,cAC9B,KAAK,YAAY;AAAA,cACjB,WAAW,KAAK;AAAA,cAChB,aAAa,kBAAkB,YAAY,IAAI;AAAA,cAC/C,sBAAsB;AAAA,gBACpB,YAAY;AAAA,gBACZ,KAAK;AAAA,cAAA;AAAA,cAEP;AAAA,cACA,YAAY,OAAOA,QAAe;AAChC,oBAAI,KAAK,YAAY,SAAS,SAAS;AACrC,wBAAM,SAAS,MAAM,KAAK,KAAK,EAAE,IAAAA,KAAI;AACrC,sBAAI,CAAC,OAAO,MAAM;AAChB,0BAAM,IAAI,MAAM,yBAAyBA,GAAE,EAAE;AAAA,kBAC/C;AACA,2BAAU,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,OAAO,MAAM,IAAAA,KAAI;AAAA,gBAClD,WAAW,KAAK,YAAY,SAAS,OAAO;AAQ1C,wBAAM,KAAK,YAAY;AAAA,oBACrBA,MAAK,MAAM;AAAA,kBAAA;AAAA,gBAEf,OAAO;AACL,wBAAM,IAAI;AAAA,oBACR,yBAAyBA,GAAE,8BAA8B,KAAK,YAAY,IAAI;AAAA,kBAAA;AAAA,gBAElF;AAAA,cACF;AAAA,cACA,WAAW,OAAO,QAAgB,aAAsB;AACtD,sBAAM,IAAI,MAAM,KAAK,QAAQ,QAAQ,QAAQ;AAC7C,oBAAI,GAAG;AACL,sBAAI,CAAC,EAAE,UAAU;AACf,2BAAO,QAAQ,EAAE,EAAE;AAAA,kBACrB;AAAA,gBACF;AACA,uBAAO;AAAA,cACT;AAAA,YAAA,CACD;AACD,sBAAU,KAAK,YAAY,IAAI,IAAI;AAAA,UACrC;AAEA,gBAAM,iBAAiB,GAAG,SAAS,mBAAmB;AAGtD,gBAAM,gBAAgB,kBAAkB,MAAM,YAAY,IAAI;AAE9D,eAAK,QAAQ,EAAE;AACf,gBAAM,SAAS,MAAM,SAAS,QAAQ;AAAA,YACpC;AAAA,YACA;AAAA,YACA;AAAA,YACA;AAAA,UAAA,CACD;AACD,iBAAO;AAAA,QACT;AAAA,MAAA;AAAA,MAGF,UAAU,KAAK;AACb,cAAM,WAAW,UAAU,KAAK,YAAY,IAAI;AAEhD,YAAI,QAAQ,QAAQ,CAAC,MAAM;AACzB,cAAI,EAAE,IAAI;AACR,kBAAM,UAAU,UAAU,iBAAiB,EAAE,EAAE;AAC/C,gBAAI,SAAS;AACX,gBAAE,UAAU,QAAQ,CAAC,aAAa;AAChC,oBAAI,SAAS,IAAI;AACf,4BAAU,iBAAiB,SAAS,EAAE;AAAA,gBACxC;AAAA,cACF,CAAC;AAAA,YACH;AAAA,UACF;AAAA,QACF,CAAC;AAAA,MACH;AAAA,IAAA;AAAA,EAEJ;AAEA,SAAO;AAAA,IACL,GAAG,KAAK,aAAa,IAAI,oBAAoB;AAAA,IAC7C;AAAA,MACE,MAAM;AAAA;AAAA,MAEN,OAAO;AAAA,MACP,mBAAmB,KAAK;AACtB,eAAO,CAAC,CAAC,KAAK,aAAa,KAAK,CAAC,MAAM,EAAE,SAAS,IAAI,IAAI;AAAA,MAC5D;AAAA,MACA,WAAW;AAAA,QACT,QAAQ;AAAA,UACN,IAAI,IAAI,OAAO,GAAG,gBAAgB,GAAG;AAAA,QAAA;AAAA,QAEvC,QAAQ,MAAM,IAAI;AAChB,gBAAM,WAAW,UAAU,KAAK,YAAY,IAAI;AAChD,oBAAU,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,IAAI,QAAQ,EAAE,GAAG;AAAA,QAClD;AAAA,MAAA;AAAA,IACF;AAAA,EACF;AAEJ;"}

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tanstack/start-plugin-core",
-  "version": "1.142.12",
+  "version": "1.142.13",
   "description": "Modern and scalable routing for React applications",
   "author": "Tanner Linsley",
   "license": "MIT",
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@
     "vitefu": "^1.1.1",
     "xmlbuilder2": "^4.0.0",
     "zod": "^3.24.2",
-    "@tanstack/router-core": "1.142.11",
-    "@tanstack/router-generator": "1.142.11",
-    "@tanstack/router-utils": "1.141.0",
+    "@tanstack/router-core": "1.142.13",
+    "@tanstack/router-generator": "1.142.13",
+    "@tanstack/router-plugin": "1.142.13",
     "@tanstack/server-functions-plugin": "1.142.1",
-    "@tanstack/router-plugin": "1.142.11",
-    "@tanstack/start-client-core": "1.142.11",
-    "@tanstack/start-server-core": "1.142.11"
+    "@tanstack/router-utils": "1.141.0",
+    "@tanstack/start-client-core": "1.142.13",
+    "@tanstack/start-server-core": "1.142.13"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/babel__code-frame": "^7.0.6",

package/src/create-server-fn-plugin/compiler.ts

@@ -176,6 +176,16 @@ function needsDirectCallDetection(kinds: Set<LookupKind>): boolean {
   return false
 }
 
+/**
+ * Checks if all kinds in the set are guaranteed to be top-level only.
+ * Only ServerFn is always declared at module level (must be assigned to a variable).
+ * Middleware, IsomorphicFn, ServerOnlyFn, ClientOnlyFn can be nested inside functions.
+ * When all kinds are top-level-only, we can use a fast scan instead of full traversal.
+ */
+function areAllKindsTopLevelOnly(kinds: Set<LookupKind>): boolean {
+  return kinds.size === 1 && kinds.has('ServerFn')
+}
+
 /**
  * Checks if a CallExpression is a direct-call candidate for NESTED detection.
  * Returns true if the callee is a known factory function name.
@@ -234,6 +244,11 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
   private moduleCache = new Map<string, ModuleInfo>()
   private initialized = false
   private validLookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>
+  private resolveIdCache = new Map<string, string | null>()
+  private exportResolutionCache = new Map<
+    string,
+    Map<string, { moduleInfo: ModuleInfo; binding: Binding } | null>
+  >()
   // Fast lookup for direct imports from known libraries (e.g., '@tanstack/react-start')
   // Maps: libName → (exportName → Kind)
   // This allows O(1) resolution for the common case without async resolveId calls
@@ -246,11 +261,44 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
       lookupKinds: Set<LookupKind>
       loadModule: (id: string) => Promise<void>
       resolveId: (id: string, importer?: string) => Promise<string | null>
+      /**
+       * In 'build' mode, resolution results are cached for performance.
+       * In 'dev' mode (default), caching is disabled to avoid invalidation complexity with HMR.
+       */
+      mode?: 'dev' | 'build'
     },
   ) {
     this.validLookupKinds = options.lookupKinds
   }
 
+  private get mode(): 'dev' | 'build' {
+    return this.options.mode ?? 'dev'
+  }
+
+  private async resolveIdCached(id: string, importer?: string) {
+    if (this.mode === 'dev') {
+      return this.options.resolveId(id, importer)
+    }
+
+    const cacheKey = importer ? `${importer}::${id}` : id
+    const cached = this.resolveIdCache.get(cacheKey)
+    if (cached !== undefined) {
+      return cached
+    }
+    const resolved = await this.options.resolveId(id, importer)
+    this.resolveIdCache.set(cacheKey, resolved)
+    return resolved
+  }
+
+  private getExportResolutionCache(moduleId: string) {
+    let cache = this.exportResolutionCache.get(moduleId)
+    if (!cache) {
+      cache = new Map()
+      this.exportResolutionCache.set(moduleId, cache)
+    }
+    return cache
+  }
+
   private async init() {
     // Register internal stub package exports for recognition.
     // These don't need module resolution - only the knownRootImports fast path.
@@ -274,7 +322,7 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
         }
         libExports.set(config.rootExport, config.kind)
 
-        const libId = await this.options.resolveId(config.libName)
+        const libId = await this.resolveIdCached(config.libName)
         if (!libId) {
           throw new Error(`could not resolve "${config.libName}"`)
         }
@@ -311,9 +359,14 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
     this.initialized = true
   }
 
-  public ingestModule({ code, id }: { code: string; id: string }) {
-    const ast = parseAst({ code })
-
+  /**
+   * Extracts bindings and exports from an already-parsed AST.
+   * This is the core logic shared by ingestModule and ingestModuleFromAst.
+   */
+  private extractModuleInfo(
+    ast: ReturnType<typeof parseAst>,
+    id: string,
+  ): ModuleInfo {
     const bindings = new Map<string, Binding>()
     const exports = new Map<string, ExportEntry>()
     const reExportAllSources: Array<string> = []
@@ -414,10 +467,19 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
       reExportAllSources,
     }
     this.moduleCache.set(id, info)
+    return info
+  }
+
+  public ingestModule({ code, id }: { code: string; id: string }) {
+    const ast = parseAst({ code })
+    const info = this.extractModuleInfo(ast, id)
     return { info, ast }
   }
 
   public invalidateModule(id: string) {
+    // Note: Resolution caches (resolveIdCache, exportResolutionCache) are only
+    // used in build mode where there's no HMR. In dev mode, caching is disabled,
+    // so we only need to invalidate the moduleCache here.
     return this.moduleCache.delete(id)
   }
 
@@ -448,7 +510,13 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
     }
 
     const checkDirectCalls = needsDirectCallDetection(fileKinds)
+    // Optimization: ServerFn is always a top-level declaration (must be assigned to a variable).
+    // If the file only has ServerFn, we can skip full AST traversal and only visit
+    // the specific top-level declarations that have candidates.
+    const canUseFastPath = areAllKindsTopLevelOnly(fileKinds)
 
+    // Always parse and extract module info upfront.
+    // This ensures the module is cached for import resolution even if no candidates are found.
     const { ast } = this.ingestModule({ code, id })
 
     // Single-pass traversal to:
@@ -462,38 +530,110 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
       babel.NodePath<t.CallExpression>
     >()
 
-    babel.traverse(ast, {
-      CallExpression: (path) => {
-        const node = path.node
-        const parent = path.parent
+    if (canUseFastPath) {
+      // Fast path: only visit top-level statements that have potential candidates
 
-        // Check if this call is part of a larger chain (inner call)
-        // If so, store it for method chain lookup but don't treat as candidate
-        if (
-          t.isMemberExpression(parent) &&
-          t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)
-        ) {
-          // This is an inner call in a chain - store for later lookup
-          chainCallPaths.set(node, path)
-          return
+      // Collect indices of top-level statements that contain candidates
+      const candidateIndices: Array<number> = []
+      for (let i = 0; i < ast.program.body.length; i++) {
+        const node = ast.program.body[i]!
+        let declarations: Array<t.VariableDeclarator> | undefined
+
+        if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node)) {
+          declarations = node.declarations
+        } else if (t.isExportNamedDeclaration(node) && node.declaration) {
+          if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node.declaration)) {
+            declarations = node.declaration.declarations
+          }
         }
 
-        // Pattern 1: Method chain pattern (.handler(), .server(), .client(), etc.)
-        if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {
-          candidatePaths.push(path)
-          return
+        if (declarations) {
+          for (const decl of declarations) {
+            if (decl.init && t.isCallExpression(decl.init)) {
+              if (isMethodChainCandidate(decl.init, fileKinds)) {
+                candidateIndices.push(i)
+                break // Only need to mark this statement once
+              }
+            }
+          }
         }
+      }
 
-        // Pattern 2: Direct call pattern
-        if (checkDirectCalls) {
-          if (isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(path)) {
-            candidatePaths.push(path)
-          } else if (isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node)) {
+      // Early exit: no potential candidates found at top level
+      if (candidateIndices.length === 0) {
+        return null
+      }
+
+      // Targeted traversal: only visit the specific statements that have candidates
+      // This is much faster than traversing the entire AST
+      babel.traverse(ast, {
+        Program(programPath) {
+          const bodyPaths = programPath.get('body')
+          for (const idx of candidateIndices) {
+            const stmtPath = bodyPaths[idx]
+            if (!stmtPath) continue
+
+            // Traverse only this statement's subtree
+            stmtPath.traverse({
+              CallExpression(path) {
+                const node = path.node
+                const parent = path.parent
+
+                // Check if this call is part of a larger chain (inner call)
+                if (
+                  t.isMemberExpression(parent) &&
+                  t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)
+                ) {
+                  chainCallPaths.set(node, path)
+                  return
+                }
+
+                // Method chain pattern
+                if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {
+                  candidatePaths.push(path)
+                }
+              },
+            })
+          }
+          // Stop traversal after processing Program
+          programPath.stop()
+        },
+      })
+    } else {
+      // Normal path: full traversal for non-fast-path kinds
+      babel.traverse(ast, {
+        CallExpression: (path) => {
+          const node = path.node
+          const parent = path.parent
+
+          // Check if this call is part of a larger chain (inner call)
+          // If so, store it for method chain lookup but don't treat as candidate
+          if (
+            t.isMemberExpression(parent) &&
+            t.isCallExpression(path.parentPath.parent)
+          ) {
+            // This is an inner call in a chain - store for later lookup
+            chainCallPaths.set(node, path)
+            return
+          }
+
+          // Pattern 1: Method chain pattern (.handler(), .server(), .client(), etc.)
+          if (isMethodChainCandidate(node, fileKinds)) {
             candidatePaths.push(path)
+            return
           }
-        }
-      },
-    })
+
+          // Pattern 2: Direct call pattern
+          if (checkDirectCalls) {
+            if (isTopLevelDirectCallCandidate(path)) {
+              candidatePaths.push(path)
+            } else if (isNestedDirectCallCandidate(node)) {
+              candidatePaths.push(path)
+            }
+          }
+        },
+      })
+    }
 
     if (candidatePaths.length === 0) {
       return null
@@ -651,6 +791,19 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
     exportName: string,
     visitedModules = new Set<string>(),
   ): Promise<{ moduleInfo: ModuleInfo; binding: Binding } | undefined> {
+    const isBuildMode = this.mode === 'build'
+
+    // Check cache first (only for top-level calls in build mode)
+    if (isBuildMode && visitedModules.size === 0) {
+      const moduleCache = this.exportResolutionCache.get(moduleInfo.id)
+      if (moduleCache) {
+        const cached = moduleCache.get(exportName)
+        if (cached !== undefined) {
+          return cached ?? undefined
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     // Prevent infinite loops in circular re-exports
     if (visitedModules.has(moduleInfo.id)) {
       return undefined
@@ -662,7 +815,12 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
     if (directExport) {
       const binding = moduleInfo.bindings.get(directExport.name)
       if (binding) {
-        return { moduleInfo, binding }
+        const result = { moduleInfo, binding }
+        // Cache the result (build mode only)
+        if (isBuildMode) {
+          this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, result)
+        }
+        return result
       }
     }
 
@@ -671,10 +829,11 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
     if (moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.length > 0) {
       const results = await Promise.all(
         moduleInfo.reExportAllSources.map(async (reExportSource) => {
-          const reExportTarget = await this.options.resolveId(
+          const reExportTarget = await this.resolveIdCached(
             reExportSource,
             moduleInfo.id,
           )
+
           if (reExportTarget) {
             const reExportModule = await this.getModuleInfo(reExportTarget)
             return this.findExportInModule(
@@ -689,11 +848,19 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
       // Return the first valid result
       for (const result of results) {
         if (result) {
+          // Cache the result (build mode only)
+          if (isBuildMode) {
+            this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, result)
+          }
           return result
         }
       }
     }
 
+    // Cache negative result (build mode only)
+    if (isBuildMode) {
+      this.getExportResolutionCache(moduleInfo.id).set(exportName, null)
+    }
     return undefined
   }
 
@@ -719,7 +886,7 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
       }
 
       // Slow path: resolve through the module graph
-      const target = await this.options.resolveId(binding.source, fileId)
+      const target = await this.resolveIdCached(binding.source, fileId)
       if (!target) {
         return 'None'
       }
@@ -863,7 +1030,7 @@ export class ServerFnCompiler {
           binding.importedName === '*'
         ) {
           // resolve the property from the target module
-          const targetModuleId = await this.options.resolveId(
+          const targetModuleId = await this.resolveIdCached(
             binding.source,
             fileId,
           )

package/src/create-server-fn-plugin/plugin.ts

@@ -118,6 +118,9 @@ export function createServerFnPlugin(opts: {
         async handler(code, id) {
           let compiler = compilers[this.environment.name]
           if (!compiler) {
+            // Default to 'dev' mode for unknown environments (conservative: no caching)
+            const mode =
+              this.environment.mode === 'build' ? 'build' : ('dev' as const)
             compiler = new ServerFnCompiler({
               env: environment.type,
               directive: opts.directive,
@@ -126,6 +129,7 @@ export function createServerFnPlugin(opts: {
                 environment.type,
                 opts.framework,
               ),
+              mode,
               loadModule: async (id: string) => {
                 if (this.environment.mode === 'build') {
                   const loaded = await this.load({ id })