@tanstack/react-table 9.0.0-alpha.9 → 9.0.0-beta.1

package/skills/react/compose-with-tanstack-virtual/SKILL.md

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+---
+name: react/compose-with-tanstack-virtual
+description: >
+  `@tanstack/react-table` v9 does NOT include virtualization — pair with
+  `@tanstack/react-virtual`. Standard row-virtualization pattern: get the row
+  array from `table.getRowModel().rows`, feed `rows.length` to
+  `useVirtualizer({ count, estimateSize, getScrollElement, ... })` in the
+  DEEPEST possible component (a `TableBody`, NOT `App`), iterate
+  `rowVirtualizer.getVirtualItems()` instead of `rows.map`, absolute-position
+  each row with `transform: translateY(virtualRow.start)px`, and render
+  `<tbody>` as a CSS grid with a fixed total height. Column virtualization
+  uses `horizontal: true` plus padding-left/right placeholder cells. An
+  experimental ref-mutation variant skips React reconciliation for ~10%
+  extra perf but the standard pattern is the default.
+type: composition
+library: tanstack-table
+framework: react
+library_version: '9.0.0-alpha.48'
+requires:
+  - react/table-state
+  - row-expanding
+sources:
+  - TanStack/table:docs/guide/virtualization.md
+  - TanStack/table:examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx
+  - TanStack/table:examples/react/virtualized-columns/src/main.tsx
+  - TanStack/table:examples/react/virtualized-infinite-scrolling/src/main.tsx
+  - TanStack/table:examples/react/virtualized-rows-experimental/src/main.tsx
+---
+
+This skill builds on `tanstack-table/state-management` and `tanstack-table/react/table-state`. Read those first — the table's row model is what feeds the virtualizer.
+
+## Why this skill exists
+
+TanStack Table renders every row in its `getRowModel().rows` array. For 50 rows that's fine; for 50k or 500k it crashes the browser. `@tanstack/react-virtual` only renders the rows that fit inside the scroll container, recycling DOM nodes as the user scrolls.
+
+## Setup
+
+```bash
+pnpm add @tanstack/react-table @tanstack/react-virtual
+```
+
+The two pieces:
+
+```tsx
+import { useTable } from '@tanstack/react-table'
+import { useVirtualizer } from '@tanstack/react-virtual'
+```
+
+## Core Pattern — row virtualization (standard)
+
+The single most important rule: **keep `useVirtualizer` in the deepest component possible.** Any state change in the component that owns the virtualizer re-runs it, blowing away scroll position and measurement cache.
+
+```tsx
+import * as React from 'react'
+import {
+  useTable,
+  tableFeatures,
+  columnSizingFeature,
+  rowSortingFeature,
+  createSortedRowModel,
+  sortFns,
+  createColumnHelper,
+} from '@tanstack/react-table'
+import { useVirtualizer } from '@tanstack/react-virtual'
+import type { ReactTable, Row } from '@tanstack/react-table'
+import type { VirtualItem, Virtualizer } from '@tanstack/react-virtual'
+
+const features = { columnSizingFeature, rowSortingFeature }
+const columnHelper = createColumnHelper<typeof features, Person>()
+
+const columns = columnHelper.columns([
+  columnHelper.accessor('id', { header: 'ID', size: 60 }),
+  columnHelper.accessor('firstName', { cell: (info) => info.getValue() }),
+  columnHelper.accessor('lastName', {
+    id: 'lastName',
+    cell: (info) => info.getValue(),
+  }),
+])
+
+function App() {
+  // 1) Scroll container ref + table at App level.
+  const tableContainerRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const [data] = React.useState(() => makeData(200_000))
+
+  const table = useTable({
+    features,
+    rowModels: { sortedRowModel: createSortedRowModel(sortFns) },
+    columns,
+    data,
+  })
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      ref={tableContainerRef}
+      style={{ overflow: 'auto', position: 'relative', height: 800 }}
+    >
+      {/* 2) display: grid — required for absolute positioning + dynamic heights */}
+      <table style={{ display: 'grid' }}>
+        <thead
+          style={{
+            display: 'grid',
+            position: 'sticky',
+            top: 0,
+            zIndex: 1,
+            height: 34,
+          }}
+        >
+          {table.getHeaderGroups().map((hg) => (
+            <tr
+              key={hg.id}
+              style={{ display: 'flex', height: 34, width: '100%' }}
+            >
+              {hg.headers.map((h) => (
+                <th
+                  key={h.id}
+                  style={{
+                    display: 'flex',
+                    alignItems: 'center',
+                    width: h.getSize(),
+                  }}
+                >
+                  <div onClick={h.column.getToggleSortingHandler()}>
+                    <table.FlexRender header={h} />
+                  </div>
+                </th>
+              ))}
+            </tr>
+          ))}
+        </thead>
+        {/* 3) Virtualizer lives inside TableBody, NOT here. */}
+        <TableBody table={table} tableContainerRef={tableContainerRef} />
+      </table>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+interface TableBodyProps {
+  table: ReactTable<typeof features, Person>
+  tableContainerRef: React.RefObject<HTMLDivElement | null>
+}
+
+function TableBody({ table, tableContainerRef }: TableBodyProps) {
+  const { rows } = table.getRowModel()
+
+  // 4) useVirtualizer in the deepest body component.
+  const rowVirtualizer = useVirtualizer<HTMLDivElement, HTMLTableRowElement>({
+    count: rows.length,
+    estimateSize: () => 33,
+    getScrollElement: () => tableContainerRef.current,
+    // 5) Skip dynamic measurement on Firefox — it measures border height wrong.
+    measureElement:
+      typeof window !== 'undefined' &&
+      navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Firefox') === -1
+        ? (el) => el.getBoundingClientRect().height
+        : undefined,
+    overscan: 5,
+  })
+
+  return (
+    <tbody
+      style={{
+        display: 'grid',
+        height: `${rowVirtualizer.getTotalSize()}px`, // total scrollable height
+        position: 'relative', // for absolute child rows
+      }}
+    >
+      {rowVirtualizer.getVirtualItems().map((virtualRow) => {
+        const row = rows[virtualRow.index]
+        return (
+          <tr
+            key={row.id}
+            data-index={virtualRow.index}
+            ref={(node) => rowVirtualizer.measureElement(node)}
+            style={{
+              display: 'flex',
+              position: 'absolute',
+              transform: `translateY(${virtualRow.start}px)`,
+              width: '100%',
+            }}
+          >
+            {row.getAllCells().map((cell) => (
+              <td
+                key={cell.id}
+                style={{ display: 'flex', width: cell.column.getSize() }}
+              >
+                <table.FlexRender cell={cell} />
+              </td>
+            ))}
+          </tr>
+        )
+      })}
+    </tbody>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx`.
+
+## Column virtualization and infinite scroll
+
+Column virtualization (`horizontal: true` + placeholder padding cells) and infinite scroll via `useInfiniteQuery` + `manualSorting: true` — see [column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md](references/column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md). That file also covers the HIGH-priority `manualSorting` failure mode and the column-virt padding-cells failure mode.
+
+## Experimental ref-mutation variant
+
+`examples/react/virtualized-rows-experimental/` and `virtualized-columns-experimental/` mutate row `style` directly via the virtualizer's `onChange` callback, skipping React reconciliation on scroll. Roughly **10% rendering perf gain** in maintainer benchmarks. The pattern is valid but the standard pattern above is the documented default; reach for the experimental version only when measured perf demands it.
+
+## Common Mistakes
+
+### CRITICAL `useVirtualizer` in the same component as `useTable`
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+function App() {
+  const rowVirtualizer = useVirtualizer({
+    /* … */
+  }) // virtualizer too high
+  const table = useTable(opts)
+  return <TableBody table={table} virtualizer={rowVirtualizer} />
+}
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+function App() {
+  const tableContainerRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const table = useTable(opts)
+  return (
+    <div ref={tableContainerRef}>
+      <TableBody table={table} tableContainerRef={tableContainerRef} />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+function TableBody({ table, tableContainerRef }) {
+  const rowVirtualizer = useVirtualizer({
+    /* … */
+  }) // virtualizer deepest
+  /* … */
+}
+```
+
+Any state change in the component owning the virtualizer re-runs it — losing scroll position and remeasuring every row.
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx`.
+
+### CRITICAL Rendering `rows.map` directly on a large dataset
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+<tbody>
+  {rows.map((row) => (
+    <tr key={row.id}>...</tr>
+  ))}
+</tbody>
+// 200k DOM rows — browser crashes.
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+<tbody
+  style={{
+    display: 'grid',
+    height: `${rowVirtualizer.getTotalSize()}px`,
+    position: 'relative',
+  }}
+>
+  {rowVirtualizer.getVirtualItems().map((vr) => {
+    const row = rows[vr.index]
+    return (
+      <tr
+        style={{
+          position: 'absolute',
+          transform: `translateY(${vr.start}px)` /* … */,
+        }}
+      >
+        {/* … */}
+      </tr>
+    )
+  })}
+</tbody>
+```
+
+Use `getVirtualItems()` so only the visible window renders.
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx`.
+
+### CRITICAL Missing `display: grid` + absolute positioning
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+<tbody>
+  {rowVirtualizer.getVirtualItems().map((vr) => (
+    <tr key={vr.key}>{/* no transform, no absolute */}</tr>
+  ))}
+</tbody>
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+<tbody
+  style={{
+    display: 'grid',
+    height: `${rowVirtualizer.getTotalSize()}px`,
+    position: 'relative',
+  }}
+>
+  {rowVirtualizer.getVirtualItems().map((vr) => (
+    <tr
+      style={{
+        display: 'flex',
+        position: 'absolute',
+        transform: `translateY(${vr.start}px)`,
+        width: '100%',
+      }}
+    >
+      {/* … */}
+    </tr>
+  ))}
+</tbody>
+```
+
+The semantic `<table>` layout collides with absolute positioning. CSS grid lets the rows position themselves freely while keeping semantic tags. Without `transform: translateY(start)px` all rows render at `top: 0`.
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx`.
+
+### HIGH Using `measureElement` on Firefox
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+const rowVirtualizer = useVirtualizer({
+  count: rows.length,
+  estimateSize: () => 33,
+  getScrollElement: () => ref.current,
+  measureElement: (el) => el.getBoundingClientRect().height, // jitters in Firefox
+})
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+const rowVirtualizer = useVirtualizer({
+  count: rows.length,
+  estimateSize: () => 33,
+  getScrollElement: () => ref.current,
+  measureElement:
+    typeof window !== 'undefined' &&
+    navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Firefox') === -1
+      ? (el) => el.getBoundingClientRect().height
+      : undefined,
+})
+```
+
+Firefox returns inconsistent row heights for table rows, causing flicker. Guard the option.
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx`.
+
+### HIGH Storing the ref instead of using the callback-ref form
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+const rowRef = React.useRef(null)
+<tr ref={rowRef} /*…*/ />
+// rowVirtualizer can't remeasure when row content changes height
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+<tr ref={(node) => rowVirtualizer.measureElement(node)} /*…*/ />
+```
+
+The pattern is a ref callback that calls `measureElement(node)` — passing a stored ref means the virtualizer never gets a chance to remeasure.
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-rows/src/main.tsx`.
+
+For HIGH-priority failure modes specific to column virtualization (missing padding placeholders) and infinite scroll (`manualSorting` requirement), see [column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md](references/column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md).
+
+## See Also
+
+- `tanstack-table/react/production-readiness` — keep virtualizers in deepest components.
+- `tanstack-table/react/compose-with-tanstack-query` — `useInfiniteQuery` integration.
+- `tanstack-table/react/table-state` — the row model API the virtualizer reads from.
+
+## References
+
+- [column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md](references/column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md) — `horizontal: true` column virtualization with placeholder padding cells, `useInfiniteQuery` + `manualSorting: true` integration, plus HIGH-priority failure modes for both

package/skills/react/compose-with-tanstack-virtual/references/column-virtualization-and-infinite-scroll.md

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+# Column virtualization and infinite scroll — React + TanStack Virtual
+
+Extended composition patterns extracted from `SKILL.md`. The primary row-virtualization pattern and the experimental ref-mutation variant remain inline in the SKILL; this file covers column virtualization and the `useInfiniteQuery` integration.
+
+## Column virtualization
+
+Same shape as row virtualization with `horizontal: true` and left/right placeholder cells so unrendered columns still take up scroll width:
+
+```tsx
+const columnVirtualizer = useVirtualizer({
+  count: table.getVisibleLeafColumns().length,
+  estimateSize: (i) => table.getVisibleLeafColumns()[i].getSize(),
+  getScrollElement: () => tableContainerRef.current,
+  horizontal: true,
+  overscan: 3,
+})
+
+const virtualColumns = columnVirtualizer.getVirtualItems()
+const virtualPaddingLeft  = virtualColumns[0]?.start ?? 0
+const virtualPaddingRight =
+  columnVirtualizer.getTotalSize() -
+  (virtualColumns[virtualColumns.length - 1]?.end ?? 0)
+
+// In each row:
+<tr>
+  {virtualPaddingLeft  > 0 ? <td style={{ width: virtualPaddingLeft  }} /> : null}
+  {virtualColumns.map((vc) => {
+    const cell = row.getVisibleCells()[vc.index]
+    return <td key={cell.id}><table.FlexRender cell={cell} /></td>
+  })}
+  {virtualPaddingRight > 0 ? <td style={{ width: virtualPaddingRight }} /> : null}
+</tr>
+```
+
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-columns/src/main.tsx`.
+
+## Infinite scroll — Virtual + `useInfiniteQuery`
+
+```tsx
+const dataQuery = useInfiniteQuery({
+  queryKey: ['people', sorting],
+  queryFn: ({ pageParam = 0 }) => fetchPage(pageParam, sorting),
+  getNextPageParam: (lastPage, allPages) => allPages.length,
+  placeholderData: keepPreviousData,
+})
+
+const flatRows = React.useMemo(
+  () => dataQuery.data?.pages.flatMap((p) => p.rows) ?? [],
+  [dataQuery.data],
+)
+
+const table = useTable({
+  features: tableFeatures({ rowSortingFeature }),
+  rowModels: {}, // server sorts each page
+  columns,
+  data: flatRows,
+  manualSorting: true,
+  // ...
+})
+
+// Inside TableBody, scroll handler:
+React.useEffect(() => {
+  const el = tableContainerRef.current
+  if (!el) return
+  const onScroll = () => {
+    if (
+      el.scrollHeight - el.scrollTop - el.clientHeight < 500 &&
+      !dataQuery.isFetching
+    ) {
+      dataQuery.fetchNextPage()
+    }
+  }
+  el.addEventListener('scroll', onScroll)
+  return () => el.removeEventListener('scroll', onScroll)
+}, [dataQuery])
+```
+
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-infinite-scrolling/src/main.tsx`.
+
+## Common Mistakes (column virt + infinite scroll)
+
+### HIGH For column virtualization: missing padding placeholder cells
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+<tr>
+  {virtualColumns.map((vc) => (
+    <td key={vc.index}>...</td>
+  ))}
+</tr>
+// Unrendered columns aren't taking up scroll space → visible columns slide left.
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+<tr>
+  {virtualPaddingLeft > 0 ? <td style={{ width: virtualPaddingLeft }} /> : null}
+  {virtualColumns.map((vc) => (
+    <td key={vc.index}>...</td>
+  ))}
+  {virtualPaddingRight > 0 ? (
+    <td style={{ width: virtualPaddingRight }} />
+  ) : null}
+</tr>
+```
+
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-columns/src/main.tsx`.
+
+### HIGH Infinite scroll without `manualSorting`
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+const table = useTable({
+  features: tableFeatures({ rowSortingFeature }),
+  rowModels: { sortedRowModel: createSortedRowModel(sortFns) },
+  data: flatRows,
+})
+// Each new page arrives → table re-sorts everything → row order scrambles between pages.
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```tsx
+const table = useTable({
+  features: tableFeatures({ rowSortingFeature }),
+  rowModels: {}, // server sorts each page
+  data: flatRows,
+  manualSorting: true,
+})
+```
+
+With `useInfiniteQuery`, you must fire a fresh query on sort changes (key your `queryKey` on `sorting`) and set `manualSorting: true` so the table doesn't re-sort accumulated pages.
+Source: `examples/react/virtualized-infinite-scrolling/src/main.tsx`.