@syllst/ja 0.2.7 → 0.2.8
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/dist/index.d.ts +24 -80
- package/dist/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/index.js +121 -54
- package/dist/index.js.map +1 -0
- package/dist/index.umd.cjs +128 -0
- package/dist/index.umd.cjs.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts +2 -5
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.d.ts.map +1 -0
- package/package.json +5 -2
- package/dist/shared.js +0 -26
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/index.js +0 -43
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -181
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -193
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -169
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -182
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -176
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +0 -167
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +0 -168
- package/dist/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-08.mdx.js +0 -200
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/index.js +0 -39
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -207
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -205
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -212
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -192
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -213
- package/dist/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +0 -241
- package/dist/syllabi/food/index.js +0 -43
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -170
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -178
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -189
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -180
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -164
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +0 -179
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +0 -193
- package/dist/syllabi/food/lessons/lesson-08.mdx.js +0 -188
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/index.js +0 -47
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -171
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -160
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -151
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -158
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -169
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +0 -174
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +0 -173
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-08.mdx.js +0 -159
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-09.mdx.js +0 -176
- package/dist/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-10.mdx.js +0 -199
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/index.js +0 -37
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -196
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -210
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -214
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -216
- package/dist/syllabi/katakana/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -259
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/index.js +0 -37
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -190
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -194
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -197
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -215
- package/dist/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -227
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/index.js +0 -41
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js +0 -156
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js +0 -175
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js +0 -177
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js +0 -181
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js +0 -162
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js +0 -179
- package/dist/syllabi/travel/lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js +0 -194
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const e = `---
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type: lesson
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id: japanese-food-lesson-08
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title: "だい 8 か — しょくたくの マナー"
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description: "Food Etiquette: chopstick rules, dining customs, and respectful table manners"
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order: 8
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parentId: japanese-food
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difficulty: beginner
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cefrLevel: A1
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categories:
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- food
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- etiquette
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- culture
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 25
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prerequisites:
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- japanese-food-lesson-01
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- japanese-food-lesson-03
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learningObjectives:
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- id: obj-ja-food-08-chopstick
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description: "State at least 5 chopstick rules and taboos"
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skill: word-recognition
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- id: obj-ja-food-08-mealtime
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description: "Use correct mealtime expressions before and after eating"
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skill: polite-register
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- id: obj-ja-food-08-manners
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description: "Describe appropriate table manners for Japanese dining"
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skill: situational-response
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---
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# だい 8 か (Lesson 8) — Food Etiquette
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## Introduction
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Japanese dining has a rich set of customs and rules. Many are about showing respect — for the food, the cook, and fellow diners. Learning these customs will make you a welcome guest at any Japanese table.
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## Essential Mealtime Expressions
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-08-expressions" title="Mealtime Expressions"}
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::vocab-item{id="itadakimasu" word="いただきます" pronunciation="itadakimasu" meaning="I humbly receive — said before eating, with hands together"}
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::vocab-item{id="gochisousama" word="ごちそうさまでした" pronunciation="gochisousama deshita" meaning="It was a feast — said after finishing, thanking for the meal"}
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::vocab-item{id="oishikatta" word="おいしかったです" pronunciation="oishikatta desu" meaning="It was delicious — polite compliment after eating"}
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::vocab-item{id="okawari" word="おかわりしてもいいですか" pronunciation="okawari shite mo ii desu ka" meaning="May I have a refill / second helping?"}
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::vocab-item{id="mou-ippon" word="もういっぱい いかがですか" pronunciation="mou ippai ikaga desu ka" meaning="Would you like another drink?"}
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:::
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## Chopstick Vocabulary
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:::vocabulary-set{id="ja-food-08-chopstick" title="Chopstick Words"}
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::vocab-item{id="hashi" word="はし" pronunciation="hashi" meaning="Chopsticks"}
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::vocab-item{id="waribashi" word="わりばし" pronunciation="waribashi" meaning="Disposable chopsticks (split apart)"}
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::vocab-item{id="hashioki" word="はしおき" pronunciation="hashioki" meaning="Chopstick rest"}
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::vocab-item{id="hashi-taboo" word="まよいばし" pronunciation="mayoibashi" meaning="Hovering chopsticks — a taboo (can't decide what to pick)"}
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:::
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## Chopstick Rules
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### What NOT to Do (タブー)
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| Taboo | Japanese | Reason |
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|-------|----------|--------|
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| Sticking chopsticks upright in rice | たてばし | Resembles funeral offerings |
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| Passing food chopstick to chopstick | わたしばし | Resembles funeral bone ceremony |
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| Spearing food | さしばし | Rude, using chopsticks as a fork |
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| Pointing with chopsticks | さしばし | Considered rude |
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| Licking chopsticks | なめばし | Unsanitary and impolite |
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| Hovering over dishes | まよいばし | Indecisive, frustrating for others |
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### What to Do
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- Place chopsticks on the はしおき (chopstick rest) when not in use
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- Hold your bowl up near your mouth when eating rice
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- Use the reverse end of chopsticks when taking from shared dishes (unless serving yourself first)
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## General Table Manners
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| Custom | Explanation |
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| Wait for the eldest to start | Do not begin eating before the eldest person |
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| Slurping noodles | Acceptable — it shows enjoyment and cools the noodles |
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| Lifting bowls | Polite to hold small bowls up while eating |
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| Waste not | It is rude to leave rice in your bowl — finish it all |
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| No elbows on the table | Same as in many cultures |
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## Cultural Note: おもてなし
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おもてなし (omotenashi) is the Japanese concept of hospitality — anticipating guests' needs without being asked. At a Japanese dinner, the host will:
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- Continuously refill your drinks
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- Serve you portions before themselves
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- Apologize if they feel the food is inadequate (even if it is excellent)
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Responding with おいしいです! or おいしかったです is the best way to show appreciation.
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## Sample Conversation
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**Host**: どうぞ、めしあがってください!
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(Please, eat!)
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**Guest**: ありがとうございます。いただきます。
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(Thank you. I humbly receive.)
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---
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*(After eating)*
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**Guest**: ごちそうさまでした。とても おいしかったです!
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(Thank you for the meal. It was very delicious!)
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**Host**: おそまつさまでした。
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(It was nothing special — a humble response to thanks.)
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## Practice Exercises
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:::exercise{id="ja-food-08-taboo-match" type="matching" title="Chopstick Taboos" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-08-chopstick"}
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**Question:** Match each taboo name to what it describes
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- たてばし
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- わたしばし
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- まよいばし
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**Answer:**
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- たてばし → Sticking chopsticks upright in rice (funeral association)
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- わたしばし → Passing food chopstick to chopstick (funeral bone ceremony association)
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- まよいばし → Hovering chopsticks over dishes unable to decide
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**Explanation:** These three taboos are among the most important chopstick rules in Japan. たてばし and わたしばし are strictly avoided because they mimic funeral rituals.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="ja-food-08-meal-phrases" type="fill-in-blank" title="Before and After" skill="polite-register" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-08-mealtime"}
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**Question:** Fill in the correct mealtime expression:
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1. Before eating: ___
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2. After eating: ___
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**Answer:**
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1. **いただきます**
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2. **ごちそうさまでした**
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**Explanation:** These two phrases bracket every Japanese meal. いただきます is said before the first bite; ごちそうさまでした when you are finished. Both express gratitude — for the food, the preparation, and all the effort that went into the meal.
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:::exercise{id="ja-food-08-slurping" type="multiple-choice" title="Slurping Noodles" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-ja-food-08-manners"}
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**Question:** In Japan, is it acceptable to slurp noodles loudly?
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**Options:**
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- No, it is very rude
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- Yes, it shows enjoyment and cools the noodles
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- Only at home, not in restaurants
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- Only for ramen, not for other noodles
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**Answer:** 2
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**Explanation:** In Japan, slurping noodles is acceptable and even considered a sign that you are enjoying your meal. It also aerates the noodles and helps cool them down so you can eat them hot. This is a cultural difference from many Western countries where slurping is considered rude.
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:::
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## Congratulations!
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You have completed the Japanese Food syllabus. You can now:
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- Name iconic Japanese dishes and describe their tastes
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- Order at restaurants and izakayas confidently
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- Navigate convenience stores and understand seasonal food
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- Identify key Japanese pantry ingredients
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- Follow proper dining etiquette and chopstick rules
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Continue your Japanese learning with the Travel and Dialogue syllabi to expand your ability to communicate in Japan.
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`;
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export {
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e as default
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};
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import { createContentLoader as a } from "../../shared.js";
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const n = {
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id: "ja-hiragana",
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title: "ひらがな (Hiragana)",
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description: "Learn the Japanese Hiragana script — all 46 basic characters across 10 lessons",
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language: "ja",
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locale: "ja-JP",
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lessonCount: 10,
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difficulty: "beginner",
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cefrLevel: "A1",
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icon: "alphabet",
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version: "0.1.0"
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};
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async function s(r) {
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switch (r) {
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case 1:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-01.mdx.js");
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case 2:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-02.mdx.js");
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case 3:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-03.mdx.js");
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case 4:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-04.mdx.js");
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case 5:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-05.mdx.js");
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case 6:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-06.mdx.js");
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case 7:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-07.mdx.js");
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case 8:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-08.mdx.js");
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case 9:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-09.mdx.js");
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case 10:
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return import("./lessons/lesson-10.mdx.js");
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default:
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throw new Error(`Lesson ${r} not found`);
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}
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}
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const e = a(n, s), t = e.loadLesson.bind(e), i = e.loadAllLessons.bind(e), c = e.getAvailableLessons.bind(e);
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export {
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};
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const a = `---
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type: lesson
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id: japanese-hiragana-lesson-01
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title: "Lesson 1 — Vowels (あいうえお)"
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description: "Learn the 5 Japanese vowels in Hiragana script"
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order: 1
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parentId: japanese-hiragana
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difficulty: beginner
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cefrLevel: A1
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categories:
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- vowels
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- basic-characters
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metadata:
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estimatedTime: 20
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prerequisites: []
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learningObjectives:
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- id: obj-recognize-vowels
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description: "Recognize the five hiragana vowels"
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skill: character-recognition
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references: [hiragana-a, hiragana-i, hiragana-u, hiragana-e, hiragana-o]
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- id: obj-sounds-vowels
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description: "Map each vowel to its sound"
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skill: character-sound-mapping
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references: [hiragana-a, hiragana-i, hiragana-u, hiragana-e, hiragana-o]
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---
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# Lesson 1 — Vowels (あいうえお)
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## Introduction
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Welcome to Hiragana, one of the three Japanese writing systems. Hiragana is a phonetic script where each character represents one sound (mora). It is used for native Japanese words, grammatical elements, and is the first script Japanese children learn.
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In this first lesson, you will learn the 5 vowels of Japanese. These vowels form the foundation of the entire Hiragana system.
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## The Japanese Vowel System
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Japanese has exactly **5 vowel sounds**, similar to Spanish or Italian. These vowels are always pronounced the same way, regardless of context. There are no diphthongs or vowel reductions in standard Japanese.
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The five vowels are:
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- **a** (あ) — like "a" in "father"
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- **i** (い) — like "ee" in "see"
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- **u** (う) — like "oo" in "zoo" (but with less lip rounding)
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- **e** (え) — like "e" in "bed"
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- **o** (お) — like "o" in "go"
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## Characters
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:::character-set{id="hiragana-vowels" title="Hiragana Vowels (あ行)"}
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::character{id="hiragana-a" canonicalRef="hiragana-a" char="あ" name="あ (a)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="a" data:row="a"}
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::character{id="hiragana-i" canonicalRef="hiragana-i" char="い" name="い (i)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="i" data:row="a"}
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::character{id="hiragana-u" canonicalRef="hiragana-u" char="う" name="う (u)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="u" data:row="a"}
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::character{id="hiragana-e" canonicalRef="hiragana-e" char="え" name="え (e)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="e" data:row="a"}
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::character{id="hiragana-o" canonicalRef="hiragana-o" char="お" name="お (o)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="o" data:row="a"}
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:::
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## Pronunciation Guide
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| Character | Romaji | Sound | English Approximation |
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|-----------|--------|-------|----------------------|
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| あ | a | /a/ | "a" in "father" |
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| い | i | /i/ | "ee" in "see" |
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| う | u | /ɯ/ | "oo" in "zoo" (unrounded) |
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| え | e | /e/ | "e" in "bed" |
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| お | o | /o/ | "o" in "go" |
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**Note on う (u):** The Japanese "u" sound is pronounced without rounding your lips, unlike the English "oo" sound. Try saying "oo" while keeping your lips relaxed and flat.
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## Writing Tips
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- **あ**: Has three strokes. Starts with a small stroke at the top, then a curved body, then a final hook at the bottom right.
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- **い**: Has two simple vertical strokes, slightly curved.
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- **う**: Looks like a "U" with a tail. Two strokes.
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- **え**: Has two strokes forming a distinctive shape like a backward "C" with a horizontal line.
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- **お**: Has three strokes. Looks like a "tree" character (木) but more curved.
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## Practice Words
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With just the five vowels, you can already read some Japanese words:
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| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
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|----------|--------|---------|
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| あい | ai | love |
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| うえ | ue | above |
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| あお | ao | blue |
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| いえ | ie | house |
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## Key Points
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1. **Five vowels only**: Japanese has exactly 5 vowel sounds, always pronounced the same way.
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2. **Pure sounds**: No diphthongs or vowel changes based on position.
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3. **Foundation**: These 5 vowels combine with consonants to form all other hiragana characters.
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4. **Order matters**: The traditional order is あいうえお (a-i-u-e-o), not alphabetical like English.
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## Practice Recognition
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:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-01-recognition" type="matching" title="Match Characters to Sounds" skill="character-recognition" tests="hiragana-a,hiragana-i,hiragana-u,hiragana-e,hiragana-o" objectiveId="obj-recognize-vowels"}
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**Question:** Match each hiragana vowel to its romaji sound
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- あ
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- い
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- う
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- え
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- お
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**Answer:**
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- あ = a
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- い = i
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- う = u
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- え = e
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- お = o
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**Explanation:** These are the five vowels of Japanese in their traditional order (a-i-u-e-o). This order is used throughout the hiragana chart and is fundamental to Japanese.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-01-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Sound Mapping" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="hiragana-a,hiragana-i,hiragana-u,hiragana-e,hiragana-o" objectiveId="obj-sounds-vowels"}
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**Question:** What sound does each vowel make?
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- あ sounds like ___
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- い sounds like ___
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- う sounds like ___
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- え sounds like ___
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- お sounds like ___
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**Answer:**
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- あ = /a/ as in "father"
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- い = /i/ as in "see"
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- う = /ɯ/ as in "zoo" (unrounded)
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- え = /e/ as in "bed"
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- お = /o/ as in "go"
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**Explanation:** Japanese vowels are pure and consistent. Unlike English, they don't change pronunciation based on context or position in a word.
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:::
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:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-01-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Simple Words" skill="word-recognition" tests="hiragana-a,hiragana-i,hiragana-u,hiragana-e,hiragana-o" objectiveId="obj-recognize-vowels"}
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**Question:** Read the following hiragana words and give their pronunciation
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- あい = ___
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- うえ = ___
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- いえ = ___
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**Answer:**
|
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|
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|
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|
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- あい = "ai" (love)
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- うえ = "ue" (above)
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|
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- いえ = "ie" (house)
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**Explanation:** Read each character from left to right. Every hiragana character is always pronounced the same way, making Japanese highly phonetic.
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:::
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## What's Next
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In Lesson 2, you will learn the か-row (ka, ki, ku, ke, ko), which combines the consonant "k" with each of the five vowels you just learned.
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`;
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export {
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a as default
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};
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|
@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
|
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const a = `---
|
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2
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-
type: lesson
|
|
3
|
-
id: japanese-hiragana-lesson-02
|
|
4
|
-
title: "Lesson 2 — Ka-row (かきくけこ)"
|
|
5
|
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description: "Learn the か-row: ka, ki, ku, ke, ko"
|
|
6
|
-
order: 2
|
|
7
|
-
parentId: japanese-hiragana
|
|
8
|
-
difficulty: beginner
|
|
9
|
-
cefrLevel: A1
|
|
10
|
-
categories:
|
|
11
|
-
- consonants
|
|
12
|
-
- basic-characters
|
|
13
|
-
metadata:
|
|
14
|
-
estimatedTime: 20
|
|
15
|
-
prerequisites: [japanese-hiragana-lesson-01]
|
|
16
|
-
learningObjectives:
|
|
17
|
-
- id: obj-recognize-ka-row
|
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18
|
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description: "Recognize the ka-row hiragana characters"
|
|
19
|
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skill: character-recognition
|
|
20
|
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references: [hiragana-ka, hiragana-ki, hiragana-ku, hiragana-ke, hiragana-ko]
|
|
21
|
-
- id: obj-sounds-ka-row
|
|
22
|
-
description: "Map each ka-row character to its sound"
|
|
23
|
-
skill: character-sound-mapping
|
|
24
|
-
references: [hiragana-ka, hiragana-ki, hiragana-ku, hiragana-ke, hiragana-ko]
|
|
25
|
-
---
|
|
26
|
-
|
|
27
|
-
# Lesson 2 — Ka-row (かきくけこ)
|
|
28
|
-
|
|
29
|
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## Introduction
|
|
30
|
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|
|
31
|
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In this lesson, you will learn the **か-row** (ka-gyō), the second row of the hiragana chart. This row combines the consonant sound "k" with each of the five vowels you learned in Lesson 1.
|
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-
|
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33
|
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The pattern is simple: **k + vowel = ka, ki, ku, ke, ko**
|
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34
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-
|
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35
|
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## Characters
|
|
36
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|
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|
-
:::character-set{id="hiragana-ka-row" title="Hiragana Ka-row (か行)"}
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|
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39
|
-
::character{id="hiragana-ka" canonicalRef="hiragana-ka" char="か" name="か (ka)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ka" data:row="ka"}
|
|
40
|
-
|
|
41
|
-
::character{id="hiragana-ki" canonicalRef="hiragana-ki" char="き" name="き (ki)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ki" data:row="ka"}
|
|
42
|
-
|
|
43
|
-
::character{id="hiragana-ku" canonicalRef="hiragana-ku" char="く" name="く (ku)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ku" data:row="ka"}
|
|
44
|
-
|
|
45
|
-
::character{id="hiragana-ke" canonicalRef="hiragana-ke" char="け" name="け (ke)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ke" data:row="ka"}
|
|
46
|
-
|
|
47
|
-
::character{id="hiragana-ko" canonicalRef="hiragana-ko" char="こ" name="こ (ko)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ko" data:row="ka"}
|
|
48
|
-
|
|
49
|
-
:::
|
|
50
|
-
|
|
51
|
-
## Pronunciation Guide
|
|
52
|
-
|
|
53
|
-
| Character | Romaji | Sound | Notes |
|
|
54
|
-
|-----------|--------|-------|-------|
|
|
55
|
-
| か | ka | /ka/ | Like "ka" in "car" |
|
|
56
|
-
| き | ki | /ki/ | Like "kee" in "keen" |
|
|
57
|
-
| く | ku | /kɯ/ | Like "coo" (unrounded lips) |
|
|
58
|
-
| け | ke | /ke/ | Like "ke" in "ketchup" |
|
|
59
|
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| こ | ko | /ko/ | Like "ko" in "koala" |
|
|
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|
-
|
|
61
|
-
**Note:** The "k" sound is the same as in English. The vowel sounds follow the same rules you learned in Lesson 1.
|
|
62
|
-
|
|
63
|
-
## Writing Tips
|
|
64
|
-
|
|
65
|
-
- **か**: Has three strokes. Starts with a vertical stroke, then two curved strokes on the right.
|
|
66
|
-
- **き**: Has four strokes. Looks like three horizontal lines with a fourth diagonal stroke.
|
|
67
|
-
- **く**: Has one simple curved stroke, like a backwards "<".
|
|
68
|
-
- **け**: Has three strokes forming a distinctive shape.
|
|
69
|
-
- **こ**: Has two horizontal strokes, like a simple "二" character.
|
|
70
|
-
|
|
71
|
-
## Practice Words
|
|
72
|
-
|
|
73
|
-
| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
|
|
74
|
-
|----------|--------|---------|
|
|
75
|
-
| かい | kai | shellfish |
|
|
76
|
-
| きかい | kikai | machine |
|
|
77
|
-
| ここ | koko | here |
|
|
78
|
-
| いけ | ike | pond |
|
|
79
|
-
| かお | kao | face |
|
|
80
|
-
|
|
81
|
-
## Pattern Recognition
|
|
82
|
-
|
|
83
|
-
Notice the pattern:
|
|
84
|
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- Each row takes one consonant ("k" in this case)
|
|
85
|
-
- Combines it with all five vowels (a, i, u, e, o)
|
|
86
|
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- Creates 5 new characters
|
|
87
|
-
|
|
88
|
-
This pattern continues throughout the entire hiragana chart.
|
|
89
|
-
|
|
90
|
-
## Practice Recognition
|
|
91
|
-
|
|
92
|
-
:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-02-recognition" type="matching" title="Match Ka-row Characters" skill="character-recognition" tests="hiragana-ka,hiragana-ki,hiragana-ku,hiragana-ke,hiragana-ko" objectiveId="obj-recognize-ka-row"}
|
|
93
|
-
|
|
94
|
-
**Question:** Match each ka-row character to its romaji
|
|
95
|
-
|
|
96
|
-
- か
|
|
97
|
-
- き
|
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|
-
- く
|
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|
-
- け
|
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100
|
-
- こ
|
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101
|
-
|
|
102
|
-
**Answer:**
|
|
103
|
-
|
|
104
|
-
- か = ka
|
|
105
|
-
- き = ki
|
|
106
|
-
- く = ku
|
|
107
|
-
- け = ke
|
|
108
|
-
- こ = ko
|
|
109
|
-
|
|
110
|
-
**Explanation:** The ka-row follows the same vowel pattern as the vowels row (a-i-u-e-o), but adds the "k" consonant sound before each vowel.
|
|
111
|
-
|
|
112
|
-
:::
|
|
113
|
-
|
|
114
|
-
:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-02-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Sound Mapping" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="hiragana-ka,hiragana-ki,hiragana-ku,hiragana-ke,hiragana-ko" objectiveId="obj-sounds-ka-row"}
|
|
115
|
-
|
|
116
|
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**Question:** What sound does each character make?
|
|
117
|
-
|
|
118
|
-
- か = ___
|
|
119
|
-
- き = ___
|
|
120
|
-
- く = ___
|
|
121
|
-
- け = ___
|
|
122
|
-
- こ = ___
|
|
123
|
-
|
|
124
|
-
**Answer:**
|
|
125
|
-
|
|
126
|
-
- か = /ka/
|
|
127
|
-
- き = /ki/
|
|
128
|
-
- く = /kɯ/
|
|
129
|
-
- け = /ke/
|
|
130
|
-
- こ = /ko/
|
|
131
|
-
|
|
132
|
-
**Explanation:** Each character combines the "k" consonant with one of the five vowel sounds you learned in Lesson 1.
|
|
133
|
-
|
|
134
|
-
:::
|
|
135
|
-
|
|
136
|
-
:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-02-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Words with Ka-row" skill="word-recognition" tests="hiragana-ka,hiragana-ki,hiragana-ku,hiragana-ke,hiragana-ko" objectiveId="obj-recognize-ka-row"}
|
|
137
|
-
|
|
138
|
-
**Question:** Read these words
|
|
139
|
-
|
|
140
|
-
- かお = ___
|
|
141
|
-
- ここ = ___
|
|
142
|
-
- いけ = ___
|
|
143
|
-
|
|
144
|
-
**Answer:**
|
|
145
|
-
|
|
146
|
-
- かお = "kao" (face)
|
|
147
|
-
- ここ = "koko" (here)
|
|
148
|
-
- いけ = "ike" (pond)
|
|
149
|
-
|
|
150
|
-
**Explanation:** Combine the characters you've learned so far. Read from left to right, pronouncing each character clearly.
|
|
151
|
-
|
|
152
|
-
:::
|
|
153
|
-
|
|
154
|
-
## What's Next
|
|
155
|
-
|
|
156
|
-
In Lesson 3, you will learn the さ-row (sa, shi, su, se, so), continuing the pattern with the "s" consonant.
|
|
157
|
-
`;
|
|
158
|
-
export {
|
|
159
|
-
a as default
|
|
160
|
-
};
|