@swisseph/node 1.0.1 → 1.0.3

package/libswe/swephlib.c

@@ -0,0 +1,4634 @@
+/* SWISSEPH
+
+   SWISSEPH modules that may be useful for other applications
+   e.g. chopt.c, venus.c, swetest.c
+
+  Authors: Dieter Koch and Alois Treindl, Astrodienst Zurich
+
+   coordinate transformations
+   obliquity of ecliptic
+   nutation
+   precession
+   delta t
+   sidereal time
+   setting or getting of tidal acceleration of moon
+   chebyshew interpolation
+   ephemeris file name generation
+   cyclic redundancy checksum CRC
+   modulo and normalization functions
+
+**************************************************************/
+/* Copyright (C) 1997 - 2021 Astrodienst AG, Switzerland.  All rights reserved.
+
+  License conditions
+  ------------------
+
+  This file is part of Swiss Ephemeris.
+
+  Swiss Ephemeris is distributed with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.  No author
+  or distributor accepts any responsibility for the consequences of using it,
+  or for whether it serves any particular purpose or works at all, unless he
+  or she says so in writing.  
+
+  Swiss Ephemeris is made available by its authors under a dual licensing
+  system. The software developer, who uses any part of Swiss Ephemeris
+  in his or her software, must choose between one of the two license models,
+  which are
+  a) GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL)
+  b) Swiss Ephemeris Professional License
+
+  The choice must be made before the software developer distributes software
+  containing parts of Swiss Ephemeris to others, and before any public
+  service using the developed software is activated.
+
+  If the developer choses the AGPL software license, he or she must fulfill
+  the conditions of that license, which includes the obligation to place his
+  or her whole software project under the AGPL or a compatible license.
+  See https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html
+
+  If the developer choses the Swiss Ephemeris Professional license,
+  he must follow the instructions as found in http://www.astro.com/swisseph/ 
+  and purchase the Swiss Ephemeris Professional Edition from Astrodienst
+  and sign the corresponding license contract.
+
+  The License grants you the right to use, copy, modify and redistribute
+  Swiss Ephemeris, but only under certain conditions described in the License.
+  Among other things, the License requires that the copyright notices and
+  this notice be preserved on all copies.
+
+  Authors of the Swiss Ephemeris: Dieter Koch and Alois Treindl
+
+  The authors of Swiss Ephemeris have no control or influence over any of
+  the derived works, i.e. over software or services created by other
+  programmers which use Swiss Ephemeris functions.
+
+  The names of the authors or of the copyright holder (Astrodienst) must not
+  be used for promoting any software, product or service which uses or contains
+  the Swiss Ephemeris. This copyright notice is the ONLY place where the
+  names of the authors can legally appear, except in cases where they have
+  given special permission in writing.
+
+  The trademarks 'Swiss Ephemeris' and 'Swiss Ephemeris inside' may be used
+  for promoting such software, products or services.
+*/
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include "swephexp.h"
+#include "sweph.h"
+#include "swephlib.h"
+#if MSDOS
+# include <process.h>
+# define strdup _strdup
+#endif
+
+#ifdef TRACE
+void swi_open_trace(char *serr);
+TLS FILE *swi_fp_trace_c = NULL;
+TLS FILE *swi_fp_trace_out = NULL;
+TLS int32 swi_trace_count = 0;
+#endif
+
+static void init_crc32(void);
+static int init_dt(void);
+static double adjust_for_tidacc(double ans, double Y, double tid_acc, double tid_acc0, AS_BOOL adjust_after_1955);
+static double deltat_espenak_meeus_1620(double tjd, double tid_acc);
+static double deltat_stephenson_etc_2016(double tjd, double tid_acc);
+static double deltat_longterm_morrison_stephenson(double tjd);
+static double deltat_stephenson_morrison_2004_1600(double tjd, double tid_acc);
+static double deltat_stephenson_morrison_1997_1600(double tjd, double tid_acc);
+static double deltat_aa(double tjd, double tid_acc);
+
+#define SEFLG_EPHMASK   (SEFLG_JPLEPH|SEFLG_SWIEPH|SEFLG_MOSEPH)
+
+/* Reduce x modulo 360 degrees
+ */
+double CALL_CONV swe_degnorm(double x)
+{
+  double y;
+  y = fmod(x, 360.0);
+  if (fabs(y) < 1e-13) y = 0;	/* Alois fix 11-dec-1999 */
+  if( y < 0.0 ) y += 360.0;
+  return(y);
+}
+
+/* Reduce x modulo TWOPI degrees
+ */
+double CALL_CONV swe_radnorm(double x)
+{
+  double y;
+  y = fmod(x, TWOPI);
+  if (fabs(y) < 1e-13) y = 0;	/* Alois fix 11-dec-1999 */
+  if( y < 0.0 ) y += TWOPI;
+  return(y);
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_deg_midp(double x1, double x0)
+{
+  double d, y;
+  d = swe_difdeg2n(x1, x0);	/* arc from x0 to x1 */
+  y = swe_degnorm(x0 + d / 2);
+  return(y);
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_rad_midp(double x1, double x0)
+{
+  return DEGTORAD * swe_deg_midp(x1 * RADTODEG, x0 * RADTODEG);
+}
+
+/* Reduce x modulo 2*PI
+ */
+double swi_mod2PI(double x)
+{
+  double y;
+  y = fmod(x, TWOPI);
+  if( y < 0.0 ) y += TWOPI;
+  return(y);
+}
+
+
+double swi_angnorm(double x)
+{
+  if (x < 0.0 )
+    return x + TWOPI;
+  else if (x >= TWOPI)
+    return x - TWOPI;
+  else
+    return x;
+}
+
+void swi_cross_prod(double *a, double *b, double *x)
+{
+  x[0] = a[1]*b[2] - a[2]*b[1];
+  x[1] = a[2]*b[0] - a[0]*b[2];
+  x[2] = a[0]*b[1] - a[1]*b[0];
+}
+
+/*  Evaluates a given chebyshev series coef[0..ncf-1] 
+ *  with ncf terms at x in [-1,1]. Communications of the ACM, algorithm 446,
+ *  April 1973 (vol. 16 no.4) by Dr. Roger Broucke. 
+ */
+double swi_echeb(double x, double *coef, int ncf)
+{
+  int j;
+  double x2, br, brp2, brpp;
+  x2 = x * 2.;
+  br = 0.;
+  brp2 = 0.;	/* dummy assign to silence gcc warning */
+  brpp = 0.;
+  for (j = ncf - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+    brp2 = brpp;
+    brpp = br;
+    br = x2 * brpp - brp2 + coef[j];
+  }
+  return (br - brp2) * .5;
+}
+
+/*
+ * evaluates derivative of chebyshev series, see echeb
+ */
+double swi_edcheb(double x, double *coef, int ncf)
+{
+  double bjpl, xjpl;
+  int j;
+  double x2, bf, bj, dj, xj, bjp2, xjp2;
+  x2 = x * 2.;
+  bf = 0.;	/* dummy assign to silence gcc warning */
+  bj = 0.;	/* dummy assign to silence gcc warning */
+  xjp2 = 0.;
+  xjpl = 0.;
+  bjp2 = 0.;
+  bjpl = 0.;
+  for (j = ncf - 1; j >= 1; j--) {
+    dj = (double) (j + j);
+    xj = coef[j] * dj + xjp2;
+    bj = x2 * bjpl - bjp2 + xj;
+    bf = bjp2;
+    bjp2 = bjpl;
+    bjpl = bj;
+    xjp2 = xjpl;
+    xjpl = xj;
+  }
+  return (bj - bf) * .5;
+}
+
+/*
+ * conversion between ecliptical and equatorial polar coordinates.
+ * for users of SWISSEPH, not used by our routines.
+ * for ecl. to equ.  eps must be negative.
+ * for equ. to ecl.  eps must be positive.
+ * xpo, xpn are arrays of 3 doubles containing position.
+ * attention: input must be in degrees!
+ */
+void CALL_CONV swe_cotrans(double *xpo, double *xpn, double eps)
+{
+  int i;
+  double x[6], e = eps * DEGTORAD;
+  for(i = 0; i <= 1; i++)
+    x[i] = xpo[i];
+  x[0] *= DEGTORAD;
+  x[1] *= DEGTORAD;
+  x[2] = 1;
+  for(i = 3; i <= 5; i++)
+    x[i] = 0;
+  swi_polcart(x, x);
+  swi_coortrf(x, x, e);
+  swi_cartpol(x, x);
+  xpn[0] = x[0] * RADTODEG;
+  xpn[1] = x[1] * RADTODEG;
+  xpn[2] = xpo[2];
+}
+
+/*
+ * conversion between ecliptical and equatorial polar coordinates
+ * with speed.
+ * for users of SWISSEPH, not used by our routines.
+ * for ecl. to equ.  eps must be negative.
+ * for equ. to ecl.  eps must be positive.
+ * xpo, xpn are arrays of 6 doubles containing position and speed.
+ * attention: input must be in degrees!
+ */
+void CALL_CONV swe_cotrans_sp(double *xpo, double *xpn, double eps)
+{
+  int i;
+  double x[6], e = eps * DEGTORAD;
+  for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
+    x[i] = xpo[i];
+  x[0] *= DEGTORAD;
+  x[1] *= DEGTORAD;
+  x[2] = 1;	/* avoids problems with polcart(), if x[2] = 0 */
+  x[3] *= DEGTORAD;
+  x[4] *= DEGTORAD;
+  swi_polcart_sp(x, x);
+  swi_coortrf(x, x, e);
+  swi_coortrf(x+3, x+3, e);
+  swi_cartpol_sp(x, xpn);
+  xpn[0] *= RADTODEG;
+  xpn[1] *= RADTODEG;
+  xpn[2] = xpo[2];
+  xpn[3] *= RADTODEG;
+  xpn[4] *= RADTODEG;
+  xpn[5] = xpo[5];
+}
+
+/*
+ * conversion between ecliptical and equatorial cartesian coordinates
+ * for ecl. to equ.  eps must be negative
+ * for equ. to ecl.  eps must be positive
+ */
+void swi_coortrf(double *xpo, double *xpn, double eps) 
+{
+  double sineps, coseps;
+  double x[3];
+  sineps = sin(eps);
+  coseps = cos(eps);
+  x[0] = xpo[0];
+  x[1] = xpo[1] * coseps + xpo[2] * sineps;
+  x[2] = -xpo[1] * sineps + xpo[2] * coseps;
+  xpn[0] = x[0];
+  xpn[1] = x[1]; 
+  xpn[2] = x[2];
+}
+
+/*
+ * conversion between ecliptical and equatorial cartesian coordinates
+ * sineps            sin(eps)
+ * coseps            cos(eps)
+ * for ecl. to equ.  sineps must be -sin(eps)
+ */
+void swi_coortrf2(double *xpo, double *xpn, double sineps, double coseps) 
+{
+  double x[3];
+  x[0] = xpo[0];
+  x[1] = xpo[1] * coseps + xpo[2] * sineps;
+  x[2] = -xpo[1] * sineps + xpo[2] * coseps;
+  xpn[0] = x[0];
+  xpn[1] = x[1]; 
+  xpn[2] = x[2];
+}
+
+/* conversion of cartesian (x[3]) to polar coordinates (l[3]).
+ * x = l is allowed.
+ * if |x| = 0, then lon, lat and rad := 0.
+ */
+void swi_cartpol(double *x, double *l) 
+{
+  double rxy;
+  double ll[3];
+  if (x[0] == 0 && x[1] == 0 && x[2] == 0) {
+    l[0] = l[1] = l[2] = 0;
+    return;
+  }
+  rxy = x[0]*x[0] + x[1]*x[1];
+  ll[2] = sqrt(rxy + x[2]*x[2]);
+  rxy = sqrt(rxy);
+  ll[0] = atan2(x[1], x[0]);
+  if (ll[0] < 0.0) ll[0] += TWOPI;
+  if (rxy == 0) {
+    if (x[2] >= 0)
+      ll[1] = PI / 2;
+    else
+      ll[1] = -(PI / 2);
+  } else {
+    ll[1] = atan(x[2] / rxy);
+  }
+  l[0] = ll[0];
+  l[1] = ll[1];
+  l[2] = ll[2];
+}
+
+/* conversion from polar (l[3]) to cartesian coordinates (x[3]).
+ * x = l is allowed.
+ */
+void swi_polcart(double *l, double *x) 
+{
+  double xx[3];
+  double cosl1;
+  cosl1 = cos(l[1]);
+  xx[0] = l[2] * cosl1 * cos(l[0]);
+  xx[1] = l[2] * cosl1 * sin(l[0]);
+  xx[2] = l[2] * sin(l[1]);
+  x[0] = xx[0];
+  x[1] = xx[1];
+  x[2] = xx[2];
+}
+
+/* conversion of position and speed. 
+ * from cartesian (x[6]) to polar coordinates (l[6]). 
+ * x = l is allowed.
+ * if position is 0, function returns direction of 
+ * motion.
+ */
+void swi_cartpol_sp(double *x, double *l)
+{
+  int i;
+  double xx[6], ll[6];
+  double rxy, coslon, sinlon, coslat, sinlat;
+  /* zero position */
+  if (x[0] == 0 && x[1] == 0 && x[2] == 0) {
+    ll[0] = ll[1] = ll[3] = ll[4] = 0;
+    ll[5] = sqrt(square_sum((x+3)));
+    swi_cartpol(x+3, ll);
+    ll[2] = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
+      l[i] = ll[i];
+    return;
+  }
+  /* zero speed */
+  if (x[3] == 0 && x[4] == 0 && x[5] == 0) {
+    l[3] = l[4] = l[5] = 0;
+    swi_cartpol(x, l);
+    return;
+  }
+  /* position */
+  rxy = x[0]*x[0] + x[1]*x[1];
+  ll[2] = sqrt(rxy + x[2]*x[2]);
+  rxy = sqrt(rxy);
+  ll[0] = atan2(x[1], x[0]);
+  if (ll[0] < 0.0) ll[0] += TWOPI;
+  ll[1] = atan(x[2] / rxy);
+  /* speed: 
+   * 1. rotate coordinate system by longitude of position about z-axis, 
+   *    so that new x-axis = position radius projected onto x-y-plane.
+   *    in the new coordinate system 
+   *    vy'/r = dlong/dt, where r = sqrt(x^2 +y^2).
+   * 2. rotate coordinate system by latitude about new y-axis.
+   *    vz"/r = dlat/dt, where r = position radius.
+   *    vx" = dr/dt
+   */
+  coslon = x[0] / rxy; 		/* cos(l[0]); */
+  sinlon = x[1] / rxy; 		/* sin(l[0]); */
+  coslat = rxy / ll[2];  	/* cos(l[1]); */
+  sinlat = x[2] / ll[2];	/* sin(ll[1]); */
+  xx[3] = x[3] * coslon + x[4] * sinlon;
+  xx[4] = -x[3] * sinlon + x[4] * coslon;
+  l[3] = xx[4] / rxy;  		/* speed in longitude */
+  xx[4] = -sinlat * xx[3] + coslat * x[5];
+  xx[5] =  coslat * xx[3] + sinlat * x[5];
+  l[4] = xx[4] / ll[2];  	/* speed in latitude */
+  l[5] = xx[5];  		/* speed in radius */
+  l[0] = ll[0];			/* return position */
+  l[1] = ll[1];
+  l[2] = ll[2];
+}
+
+/* conversion of position and speed 
+ * from polar (l[6]) to cartesian coordinates (x[6]) 
+ * x = l is allowed
+ * explanation s. swi_cartpol_sp()
+ */
+void swi_polcart_sp(double *l, double *x)
+{
+  double sinlon, coslon, sinlat, coslat;
+  double xx[6], rxy, rxyz;
+  /* zero speed */
+  if (l[3] == 0 && l[4] == 0 && l[5] == 0) {
+    x[3] = x[4] = x[5] = 0;
+    swi_polcart(l, x);
+    return;
+  }
+  /* position */
+  coslon = cos(l[0]);
+  sinlon = sin(l[0]);
+  coslat = cos(l[1]);
+  sinlat = sin(l[1]);
+  xx[0] = l[2] * coslat * coslon;
+  xx[1] = l[2] * coslat * sinlon;
+  xx[2] = l[2] * sinlat;
+  /* speed; explanation s. swi_cartpol_sp(), same method the other way round*/
+  rxyz = l[2];
+  rxy = sqrt(xx[0] * xx[0] + xx[1] * xx[1]);
+  xx[5] = l[5];
+  xx[4] = l[4] * rxyz;
+  x[5] = sinlat * xx[5] + coslat * xx[4];	/* speed z */
+  xx[3] = coslat * xx[5] - sinlat * xx[4];
+  xx[4] = l[3] * rxy;
+  x[3] = coslon * xx[3] - sinlon * xx[4];	/* speed x */
+  x[4] = sinlon * xx[3] + coslon * xx[4];	/* speed y */
+  x[0] = xx[0];					/* return position */
+  x[1] = xx[1];
+  x[2] = xx[2];
+}
+
+double swi_dot_prod_unit(double *x, double *y)
+{
+  double dop = x[0]*y[0]+x[1]*y[1]+x[2]*y[2];
+  double e1 = sqrt(x[0]*x[0]+x[1]*x[1]+x[2]*x[2]);
+  double e2 = sqrt(y[0]*y[0]+y[1]*y[1]+y[2]*y[2]);
+  dop /= e1;
+  dop /= e2;
+  if (dop > 1)
+    dop = 1;
+  if (dop < -1)
+    dop = -1;
+  return dop;
+}
+
+/* functions for precession and ecliptic obliquity according to Vondrák et alii, 2011 */
+#define AS2R (DEGTORAD / 3600.0)
+#define D2PI TWOPI
+#define EPS0 (84381.406 * AS2R)
+#define NPOL_PEPS 4
+#define NPER_PEPS 10
+#define NPOL_PECL 4
+#define NPER_PECL 8
+#define NPOL_PEQU 4
+#define NPER_PEQU 14
+
+/* for pre_peps(): */
+/* polynomials */
+static const double pepol[NPOL_PEPS][2] = {
+  {+8134.017132, +84028.206305},
+  {+5043.0520035, +0.3624445},
+  {-0.00710733, -0.00004039},
+  {+0.000000271, -0.000000110}
+};
+
+/* periodics */
+static const double peper[5][NPER_PEPS] = {
+  {+409.90, +396.15, +537.22, +402.90, +417.15, +288.92, +4043.00, +306.00, +277.00, +203.00},
+  {-6908.287473, -3198.706291, +1453.674527, -857.748557, +1173.231614, -156.981465, +371.836550, -216.619040, +193.691479, +11.891524},
+  {+753.872780, -247.805823, +379.471484, -53.880558, -90.109153, -353.600190, -63.115353, -28.248187, +17.703387, +38.911307},
+  {-2845.175469, +449.844989, -1255.915323, +886.736783, +418.887514, +997.912441, -240.979710, +76.541307, -36.788069, -170.964086},
+  {-1704.720302, -862.308358, +447.832178, -889.571909, +190.402846, -56.564991, -296.222622, -75.859952, +67.473503, +3.014055}
+};
+
+/* for pre_pecl(): */
+/* polynomials */
+static const double pqpol[NPOL_PECL][2] = {
+  {+5851.607687, -1600.886300},
+  {-0.1189000, +1.1689818},
+  {-0.00028913, -0.00000020},
+  {+0.000000101, -0.000000437}
+};
+
+/* periodics */
+static const double pqper[5][NPER_PECL] = {
+  {708.15, 2309, 1620, 492.2, 1183, 622, 882, 547},
+  {-5486.751211, -17.127623, -617.517403, 413.44294, 78.614193, -180.732815, -87.676083, 46.140315},
+  // original publication    A&A 534, A22 (2011):
+//{-684.66156, 2446.28388, 399.671049, -356.652376, -186.387003, -316.80007, 198.296071, 101.135679}, 
+  // typo fixed according to A&A 541, C1 (2012)
+  {-684.66156, 2446.28388, 399.671049, -356.652376, -186.387003, -316.80007, 198.296701, 101.135679}, 
+  {667.66673, -2354.886252, -428.152441, 376.202861, 184.778874, 335.321713, -185.138669, -120.97283},
+  {-5523.863691, -549.74745, -310.998056, 421.535876, -36.776172, -145.278396, -34.74445, 22.885731}
+};
+
+/* for pre_pequ(): */
+/* polynomials */
+static const double xypol[NPOL_PEQU][2] = {
+  {+5453.282155, -73750.930350},
+  {+0.4252841, -0.7675452},
+  {-0.00037173, -0.00018725},
+  {-0.000000152, +0.000000231}
+};
+
+/* periodics */
+static const double xyper[5][NPER_PEQU] = {
+  {256.75, 708.15, 274.2, 241.45, 2309, 492.2, 396.1, 288.9, 231.1, 1610, 620, 157.87, 220.3, 1200},
+  {-819.940624, -8444.676815, 2600.009459, 2755.17563, -167.659835, 871.855056, 44.769698, -512.313065, -819.415595, -538.071099, -189.793622, -402.922932, 179.516345, -9.814756},
+  {75004.344875, 624.033993, 1251.136893, -1102.212834, -2660.66498, 699.291817, 153.16722, -950.865637, 499.754645, -145.18821, 558.116553, -23.923029, -165.405086, 9.344131},
+  {81491.287984, 787.163481, 1251.296102, -1257.950837, -2966.79973, 639.744522, 131.600209, -445.040117, 584.522874, -89.756563, 524.42963, -13.549067, -210.157124, -44.919798},
+  {1558.515853, 7774.939698, -2219.534038, -2523.969396, 247.850422, -846.485643, -1393.124055, 368.526116, 749.045012, 444.704518, 235.934465, 374.049623, -171.33018, -22.899655}
+};
+
+void swi_ldp_peps(double tjd, double *dpre, double *deps)
+{
+  int i;
+  int npol = NPOL_PEPS;
+  int nper = NPER_PEPS;
+  double t, p, q, w, a, s, c;
+  t = (tjd - J2000) / 36525.0;
+  p = 0;
+  q = 0;
+  /* periodic terms */
+  for (i = 0; i < nper; i++) {
+    w = D2PI * t;
+    a = w / peper[0][i];
+    s = sin(a);
+    c = cos(a);
+    p += c * peper[1][i] + s * peper[3][i];
+    q += c * peper[2][i] + s * peper[4][i];
+  }
+  /* polynomial terms */
+  w = 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < npol; i++) {
+    p += pepol[i][0] * w;
+    q += pepol[i][1] * w;
+    w *= t;
+  }
+  /* both to radians */
+  p *= AS2R;
+  q *= AS2R;
+  /* return */
+  if (dpre != NULL)
+    *dpre = p;
+  if (deps != NULL)
+    *deps = q;
+//fprintf(stderr, "%.17f\n", *deps / DEGTORAD);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Long term high precision precession, 
+ * according to Vondrak/Capitaine/Wallace, "New precession expressions, valid
+ * for long time intervals", in A&A 534, A22(2011).
+ */
+/* precession of the ecliptic */
+static void pre_pecl(double tjd, double *vec) 
+{
+  int i;
+  int npol = NPOL_PECL;
+  int nper = NPER_PECL;
+  double t, p, q, w, a, s, c, z;
+  t = (tjd - J2000) / 36525.0;
+  p = 0;
+  q = 0;
+  /* periodic terms */
+  for (i = 0; i < nper; i++) {
+    w = D2PI * t;
+    a = w / pqper[0][i];
+    s = sin(a);
+    c = cos(a);
+    p += c * pqper[1][i] + s * pqper[3][i];
+    q += c * pqper[2][i] + s * pqper[4][i];
+  }
+  /* polynomial terms */
+  w = 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < npol; i++) {
+    p += pqpol[i][0] * w;
+    q += pqpol[i][1] * w;
+    w *= t;
+  }
+  /* both to radians */
+  p *= AS2R;
+  q *= AS2R;
+  /* ecliptic pole vector */
+  z = 1 - p * p - q * q;
+  if (z < 0)
+    z = 0;
+  else 
+    z = sqrt(z);
+  s = sin(EPS0);
+  c = cos(EPS0);
+  vec[0] = p;
+  vec[1] = - q * c - z * s;
+  vec[2] = - q * s + z * c;
+}
+
+/* precession of the equator */
+static void pre_pequ(double tjd, double *veq) 
+{
+  int i;
+  int npol = NPOL_PEQU;
+  int nper = NPER_PEQU;
+  double t, x, y, w, a, s, c;
+  t = (tjd - J2000) / 36525.0;
+  x = 0;
+  y = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < nper; i++) {
+    w = D2PI * t;
+    a = w / xyper[0][i];
+    s = sin(a);
+    c = cos(a);
+    x += c * xyper[1][i] + s * xyper[3][i];
+    y += c * xyper[2][i] + s * xyper[4][i];
+  }
+  /* polynomial terms */
+  w = 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < npol; i++) {
+    x += xypol[i][0] * w;
+    y += xypol[i][1] * w;
+    w *= t;
+  }
+  x *= AS2R;
+  y *= AS2R;
+  /* equator pole vector */
+  veq[0] = x;
+  veq[1] = y;
+  w = x * x + y * y;
+  if (w < 1)
+    veq[2] = sqrt(1 - w);
+  else
+    veq[2] = 0;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void swi_cross_prod(double *a, double *b, double *x)
+{
+  x[0] = a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1];
+  x[1] = a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2];
+  x[2] = a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0];
+}
+#endif
+
+/* precession matrix */
+static void pre_pmat(double tjd, double *rp)
+{
+  double peqr[3], pecl[3], v[3], w, eqx[3];
+//tjd = 1219339.078000;
+  /*equator pole */
+  pre_pequ(tjd, peqr);
+  /* ecliptic pole */
+  pre_pecl(tjd, pecl);
+//  fprintf(stderr, "%.17f %.17f %.17f\n", peqr[0], peqr[1], peqr[2]);
+//  fprintf(stderr, "%.17f %.17f %.17f\n", pecl[0], pecl[1], pecl[2]);
+  /* equinox */
+  swi_cross_prod(peqr, pecl, v);
+  w = sqrt(v[0] * v[0] + v[1] * v[1] + v[2] * v[2]);
+  eqx[0] = v[0] / w;
+  eqx[1] = v[1] / w;
+  eqx[2] = v[2] / w;
+  swi_cross_prod(peqr, eqx, v);
+  rp[0] = eqx[0];
+  rp[1] = eqx[1];
+  rp[2] = eqx[2];
+  rp[3] = v[0];
+  rp[4] = v[1];
+  rp[5] = v[2];
+  rp[6] = peqr[0];
+  rp[7] = peqr[1];
+  rp[8] = peqr[2];
+//  int i;
+//  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+//    fprintf(stderr, "(%.17f   %.17f   %.17f)\n", rp[i*3], rp[i*3+1],rp[i*3+2]);
+//  } /**/
+}
+
+/* precession according to Owen 1990:
+ * Owen, William M., Jr., (JPL) "A Theory of the Earth's Precession
+ * Relative to the Invariable Plane of the Solar System", Ph.D.
+ * Dissertation, University of Florida, 1990.
+ * Implemented for time range -18000 to 14000. 
+ */
+/* 
+ * p. 177: central time Tc = -160, covering time span -200 <= T <= -120
+ * i.e. -14000 +- 40 centuries
+ * p. 178: central time Tc = -80, covering time span -120 <= T <= -40 
+ * i.e. -6000 +- 40 centuries 
+ * p. 179: central time Tc = 0, covering time span -40 <= T <= +40 
+ * i.e. 2000 +- 40 centuries 
+ * p. 180: central time Tc = 80, covering time span 40 <= T <= 120 
+ * i.e. 10000 +- 40 centuries 
+ * p. 181: central time Tc = 160, covering time span 120 <= T <= 200
+ * i.e. 10000 +- 40 centuries 
+ */
+static const double owen_eps0_coef[5][10] = {
+{23.699391439256386, 5.2330816033981775e-1, -5.6259493384864815e-2, -8.2033318431602032e-3, 6.6774163554156385e-4, 2.4931584012812606e-5, -3.1313623302407878e-6, 2.0343814827951515e-7, 2.9182026615852936e-8, -4.1118760893281951e-9,},
+{24.124759551704588, -1.2094875596566286e-1, -8.3914869653015218e-2, 3.5357075322387405e-3, 6.4557467824807032e-4, -2.5092064378707704e-5, -1.7631607274450848e-6, 1.3363622791424094e-7, 1.5577817511054047e-8, -2.4613907093017122e-9,},
+{23.439103144206208, -4.9386077073143590e-1, -2.3965445283267805e-4, 8.6637485629656489e-3, -5.2828151901367600e-5, -4.3951004595359217e-5, -1.1058785949914705e-6, 6.2431490022621172e-8, 3.4725376218710764e-8, 1.3658853127005757e-9,},
+{22.724671295125046, -1.6041813558650337e-1, 7.0646783888132504e-2, 1.4967806745062837e-3, -6.6857270989190734e-4, 5.7578378071604775e-6, 3.3738508454638728e-6, -2.2917813537654764e-7, -2.1019907929218137e-8, 4.3139832091694682e-9,},
+{22.914636050333696, 3.2123508304962416e-1, 3.6633220173792710e-2, -5.9228324767696043e-3, -1.882379107379328e-4, 3.2274552870236244e-5, 4.9052463646336507e-7, -5.9064298731578425e-8, -2.0485712675098837e-8, -6.2163304813908160e-10,},
+};
+
+static const double owen_psia_coef[5][10] = {
+{-218.57864954903122, 51.752257487741612, 1.3304715765661958e-1, 9.2048123521890745e-2, -6.0877528127241278e-3, -7.0013893644531700e-5, -4.9217728385458495e-5, -1.8578234189053723e-6, 7.4396426162029877e-7, -5.9157528981843864e-9,},
+{-111.94350527506128, 55.175558131675861, 4.7366115762797613e-1, -4.7701750975398538e-2, -9.2445765329325809e-3, 7.0962838707454917e-4, 1.5140455277814658e-4, -7.7813159018954928e-7, -2.4729402281953378e-6, -1.0898887008726418e-7,},
+{-2.041452011529441e-1, 55.969995858494106, -1.9295093699770936e-1, -5.6819574830421158e-3, 1.1073687302518981e-2, -9.0868489896815619e-5, -1.1999773777895820e-4, 9.9748697306154409e-6, 5.7911493603430550e-7, -2.3647526839778175e-7,},
+{111.61366860604471, 56.404525305162447, 4.4403302410703782e-1, 7.1490030578883907e-2, -4.9184559079790816e-3, -1.3912698949042046e-3, -6.8490613661884005e-5, 1.2394328562905297e-6, 1.7719847841480384e-6, 2.4889095220628068e-7,},
+{228.40683531269390, 60.056143904919826, 2.9583200718478960e-2, -1.5710838319490748e-1, -7.0017356811600801e-3, 3.3009615142224537e-3, 2.0318123852537664e-4, -6.5840216067828310e-5, -5.9077673352976155e-6, 1.3983942185303064e-6,},
+};
+
+static const double owen_oma_coef[5][10] = {
+{25.541291140949806, 2.377889511272162e-1, -3.7337334723142133e-1, 2.4579295485161534e-2, 4.3840999514263623e-3, -3.1126873333599556e-4, -9.8443045771748915e-6, -7.9403103080496923e-7, 1.0840116743893556e-9, 9.2865105216887919e-9,},
+{24.429357654237926, -9.5205745947740161e-1, 8.6738296270534816e-2, 3.0061543426062955e-2, -4.1532480523019988e-3, -3.7920928393860939e-4, 3.5117012399609737e-5, 4.6811877283079217e-6, -8.1836046585546861e-8, -6.1803706664211173e-8,},
+{23.450465062489337, -9.7259278279739817e-2, 1.1082286925130981e-2, -3.1469883339372219e-2, -1.0041906996819648e-4, 5.6455168475133958e-4, -8.4403910211030209e-6, -3.8269157371098435e-6, 3.1422585261198437e-7, 9.3481729116773404e-9,},
+{22.581778052947806, -8.7069701538602037e-1, -9.8140710050197307e-2, 2.6025931340678079e-2, 4.8165322168786755e-3, -1.906558772193363e-4, -4.6838759635421777e-5, -1.6608525315998471e-6, -3.2347811293516124e-8, 2.8104728109642000e-9,},
+{21.518861835737142, 2.0494789509441385e-1, 3.5193604846503161e-1, 1.5305977982348925e-2, -7.5015367726336455e-3, -4.0322553186065610e-4, 1.0655320434844041e-4, 7.1792339586935752e-6, -1.603874697543020e-6, -1.613563462813512e-7,},
+};
+
+static const double owen_chia_coef[5][10] = {
+{8.2378850337329404e-1, -3.7443109739678667, 4.0143936898854026e-1, 8.1822830214590811e-2, -8.5978790792656293e-3, -2.8350488448426132e-5, -4.2474671728156727e-5, -1.6214840884656678e-6, 7.8560442001953050e-7, -1.032016641696707e-8,},
+{-2.1726062070318606, 7.8470515033132925e-1, 4.4044931004195718e-1, -8.0671247169971653e-2, -8.9672662444325007e-3, 9.2248978383109719e-4, 1.5143472266372874e-4, -1.6387009056475679e-6, -2.4405558979328144e-6, -1.0148113464009015e-7,},
+{-4.8518673570735556e-1, 1.0016737299946743e-1, -4.7074888613099918e-1, -5.8604054305076092e-3, 1.4300208240553435e-2, -6.7127991650300028e-5, -1.3703764889645475e-4, 9.0505213684444634e-6, 6.0368690647808607e-7, -2.2135404747652171e-7,},
+{-2.0950740076326087, -9.4447359463206877e-1, 4.0940512860493755e-1, 1.0261699700263508e-1, -5.3133241571955160e-3, -1.6634631550720911e-3, -5.9477519536647907e-5, 2.9651387319208926e-6, 1.6434499452070584e-6, 2.3720647656961084e-7,},
+{6.3315163285678715e-1, 3.5241082918420464, 2.1223076605364606e-1, -1.5648122502767368e-1, -9.1964075390801980e-3, 3.3896161239812411e-3, 2.1485178626085787e-4, -6.6261759864793735e-5, -5.9257969712852667e-6, 1.3918759086160525e-6,},
+};
+
+static void get_owen_t0_icof(double tjd, double *t0, int *icof) 
+{
+  int i, j = 0;
+  double t0s[5] = {-3392455.5, -470455.5, 2451544.5, 5373544.5, 8295544.5, };
+  *t0 = t0s[0];
+  for (i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
+    if (tjd < (t0s[i-1] + t0s[i]) / 2) {
+      ;
+    } else {
+      *t0 = t0s[i];
+      j++;
+    }
+  }
+  *icof = j;
+}
+
+/* precession matrix Owen 1990 */
+static void owen_pre_matrix(double tjd, double *rp, int iflag)
+{
+  int i, icof = 0;
+  double eps0 = 0, chia = 0, psia = 0, oma = 0;
+  double coseps0, sineps0, coschia, sinchia, cospsia, sinpsia, cosoma, sinoma;
+  double k[10], tau[10];
+  double t0;
+  get_owen_t0_icof(tjd, &t0, &icof);
+//  fprintf(stderr, "%d, %.17f\n", icof, t0);
+  tau[0] = 0;
+  tau[1] = (tjd - t0) / 36525.0 / 40.0;
+  for (i = 2; i <= 9; i++) {
+    tau[i] = tau[1] * tau[i-1];
+  }
+  k[0] = 1;
+  k[1] = tau[1];
+  k[2] = 2 * tau[2] - 1;
+  k[3] = 4 * tau[3] - 3 * tau[1];
+  k[4] = 8 * tau[4] - 8 * tau[2] + 1;
+  k[5] = 16 * tau[5] - 20 * tau[3] + 5 * tau[1];
+  k[6] = 32 * tau[6] - 48 * tau[4] + 18 * tau[2] - 1;
+  k[7] = 64 * tau[7] - 112 * tau[5] + 56 * tau[3] - 7 * tau[1];
+  k[8] = 128 * tau[8] - 256 * tau[6] + 160 * tau[4] - 32 * tau[2] + 1;
+  k[9] = 256 * tau[9] - 576 * tau[7] + 432 * tau[5] - 120 * tau[3] + 9 * tau[1];
+  for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    //eps += (k[i] * owen_eps0_coef[icof][i]);
+    psia += (k[i] * owen_psia_coef[icof][i]);
+    oma  += (k[i] * owen_oma_coef[icof][i]);
+    chia += (k[i] * owen_chia_coef[icof][i]);
+  }
+  if (iflag & (SEFLG_JPLHOR | SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX)) {
+    /* 
+     * In comparison with JPL Horizons we have an almost constant offset
+     * almost constant offset in ecl. longitude of about -0.000019 deg. 
+     * We fix this as follows: */
+    psia += -0.000018560;
+  }
+  eps0 = 84381.448 / 3600.0;
+//fprintf(stderr, "e=%.17f, ps=%.17f, om=%.17f, ch=%.17f\n", eps0, psia, oma, chia);
+  eps0 *= DEGTORAD;
+  psia *= DEGTORAD;
+  chia *= DEGTORAD;
+  oma *= DEGTORAD;
+  coseps0 = cos(eps0);
+  sineps0 = sin(eps0);
+  coschia = cos(chia);
+  sinchia = sin(chia);
+  cospsia = cos(psia);
+  sinpsia = sin(psia);
+  cosoma = cos(oma);
+  sinoma = sin(oma);
+  rp[0] = coschia * cospsia + sinchia * cosoma * sinpsia;
+  rp[1] = (-coschia * sinpsia + sinchia * cosoma * cospsia) * coseps0 + sinchia * sinoma * sineps0;
+  rp[2] = (-coschia * sinpsia + sinchia * cosoma * cospsia) * sineps0 - sinchia * sinoma * coseps0;
+  rp[3] = -sinchia * cospsia + coschia * cosoma * sinpsia;
+  rp[4] = (sinchia * sinpsia + coschia * cosoma * cospsia) * coseps0 + coschia * sinoma * sineps0;
+  rp[5] = (sinchia * sinpsia + coschia * cosoma * cospsia) * sineps0 - coschia * sinoma * coseps0;
+  rp[6] = sinoma * sinpsia;
+  rp[7] = sinoma * cospsia * coseps0 - cosoma * sineps0;
+  rp[8] = sinoma * cospsia * sineps0 + cosoma * coseps0;
+  /*for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "(%.17f   %.17f   %.17f)\n", rp[i*3], rp[i*3+1],rp[i*3+2]);
+  } */
+}
+static void epsiln_owen_1986(double tjd, double *eps)
+{
+  int i, icof = 0;
+  double k[10], tau[10];
+  double t0;
+  get_owen_t0_icof(tjd, &t0, &icof);
+  *eps = 0;
+  tau[0] = 0;
+  tau[1] = (tjd - t0) / 36525.0 / 40.0;
+  for (i = 2; i <= 9; i++) {
+    tau[i] = tau[1] * tau[i-1];
+  }
+  k[0] = 1;
+  k[1] = tau[1];
+  k[2] = 2 * tau[2] - 1;
+  k[3] = 4 * tau[3] - 3 * tau[1];
+  k[4] = 8 * tau[4] - 8 * tau[2] + 1;
+  k[5] = 16 * tau[5] - 20 * tau[3] + 5 * tau[1];
+  k[6] = 32 * tau[6] - 48 * tau[4] + 18 * tau[2] - 1;
+  k[7] = 64 * tau[7] - 112 * tau[5] + 56 * tau[3] - 7 * tau[1];
+  k[8] = 128 * tau[8] - 256 * tau[6] + 160 * tau[4] - 32 * tau[2] + 1;
+  k[9] = 256 * tau[9] - 576 * tau[7] + 432 * tau[5] - 120 * tau[3] + 9 * tau[1];
+  for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    *eps += (k[i] * owen_eps0_coef[icof][i]);
+  }
+//fprintf(stderr, "eps=%.17f\n", *eps);
+}
+
+/* Obliquity of the ecliptic at Julian date J
+ *
+ * IAU Coefficients are from:
+ * J. H. Lieske, T. Lederle, W. Fricke, and B. Morando,
+ * "Expressions for the Precession Quantities Based upon the IAU
+ * (1976) System of Astronomical Constants,"  Astronomy and Astrophysics
+ * 58, 1-16 (1977).
+ *
+ * Before or after 200 years from J2000, the formula used is from:
+ * J. Laskar, "Secular terms of classical planetary theories
+ * using the results of general theory," Astronomy and Astrophysics
+ * 157, 59070 (1986).
+ *
+ * Bretagnon, P. et al.: 2003, "Expressions for Precession Consistent with 
+ * the IAU 2000A Model". A&A 400,785
+ *B03  	84381.4088  	-46.836051*t  	-1667*10-7*t2  	+199911*10-8*t3  	-523*10-9*t4  	-248*10-10*t5  	-3*10-11*t6
+ *C03   84381.406  	-46.836769*t  	-1831*10-7*t2  	+20034*10-7*t3  	-576*10-9*t4  	-434*10-10*t5
+ *
+ *  See precess and page B18 of the Astronomical Almanac.
+ */
+#define OFFSET_EPS_JPLHORIZONS (35.95) 
+#define DCOR_EPS_JPL_TJD0  2437846.5
+#define NDCOR_EPS_JPL  51
+double dcor_eps_jpl[] = {
+36.726, 36.627, 36.595, 36.578, 36.640, 36.659, 36.731, 36.765,
+36.662, 36.555, 36.335, 36.321, 36.354, 36.227, 36.289, 36.348, 36.257, 36.163,
+35.979, 35.896, 35.842, 35.825, 35.912, 35.950, 36.093, 36.191, 36.009, 35.943,
+35.875, 35.771, 35.788, 35.753, 35.822, 35.866, 35.771, 35.732, 35.543, 35.498,
+35.449, 35.409, 35.497, 35.556, 35.672, 35.760, 35.596, 35.565, 35.510, 35.394,
+35.385, 35.375, 35.415,
+};
+double swi_epsiln(double J, int32 iflag) 
+{
+  double T, eps;
+  double tofs, dofs, t0, t1;
+  int prec_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_PREC_LONGTERM];
+  int prec_model_short = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_PREC_SHORTTERM];
+  int jplhora_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE];
+  AS_BOOL is_jplhor = FALSE;
+  if (prec_model == 0) prec_model = SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT;
+  if (prec_model_short == 0) prec_model_short = SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT_SHORT;
+  if (jplhora_model == 0) jplhora_model = SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT;
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR)
+    is_jplhor = TRUE;
+  if ((iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) 
+      && jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_3
+      && J <= HORIZONS_TJD0_DPSI_DEPS_IAU1980)
+    is_jplhor = TRUE;
+  T = (J - 2451545.0)/36525.0;
+  if (is_jplhor) {
+    if (J > 2378131.5 && J < 2525323.5) { // between 1.1.1799 and 1.1.2202
+      eps = (((1.813e-3*T-5.9e-4)*T-46.8150)*T+84381.448)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    } else {
+      epsiln_owen_1986(J, &eps);
+      eps *= DEGTORAD;
+    }
+  } else if ((iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) && jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_2) {
+    eps = (((1.813e-3*T-5.9e-4)*T-46.8150)*T+84381.448)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_model_short == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976 && fabs(T) <= PREC_IAU_1976_CTIES ) {
+    eps = (((1.813e-3*T-5.9e-4)*T-46.8150)*T+84381.448)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976) {
+    eps = (((1.813e-3*T-5.9e-4)*T-46.8150)*T+84381.448)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_model_short == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000 && fabs(T) <= PREC_IAU_2000_CTIES ) {
+    eps = (((1.813e-3*T-5.9e-4)*T-46.84024)*T+84381.406)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000) {
+    eps = (((1.813e-3*T-5.9e-4)*T-46.84024)*T+84381.406)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_model_short == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006 && fabs(T) <= PREC_IAU_2006_CTIES) {
+    eps =  (((((-4.34e-8 * T -5.76e-7) * T +2.0034e-3) * T -1.831e-4) * T -46.836769) * T + 84381.406) * DEGTORAD / 3600.0; 
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    double Tn = (J - 2396758.0)/36525.0;
+    eps = (0.0017 * Tn * Tn * Tn - 0.0085 * Tn * Tn - 46.837 * Tn + 84451.68) * DEGTORAD / 3600.0; 
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006) {
+    eps =  (((((-4.34e-8 * T -5.76e-7) * T +2.0034e-3) * T -1.831e-4) * T -46.836769) * T + 84381.406) * DEGTORAD / 3600.0; 
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_BRETAGNON_2003) {
+    eps =  ((((((-3e-11 * T - 2.48e-8) * T -5.23e-7) * T +1.99911e-3) * T -1.667e-4) * T -46.836051) * T + 84381.40880) * DEGTORAD / 3600.0;/* */
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994) {
+    eps =  (((((2.5e-8 * T -5.1e-7) * T +1.9989e-3) * T -1.52e-4) * T -46.80927) * T + 84381.412) * DEGTORAD / 3600.0;/* */
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994) {
+    eps =  ((((-1.0e-6 * T +2.0e-3) * T -1.74e-4) * T -46.833960) * T + 84381.409) * DEGTORAD / 3600.0;/* */
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986 || prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_WILL_EPS_LASK) {
+    T /= 10.0;
+    eps = ((((((((( 2.45e-10*T + 5.79e-9)*T + 2.787e-7)*T
+    + 7.12e-7)*T - 3.905e-5)*T - 2.4967e-3)*T
+    - 5.138e-3)*T + 1.99925)*T - 0.0155)*T - 468.093)*T
+    + 84381.448;
+    eps *= DEGTORAD/3600.0;
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990) {
+    epsiln_owen_1986(J, &eps);
+    eps *= DEGTORAD;
+//fprintf(stderr, "epso=%.17f\n", eps);
+  } else { /* SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011 */
+    swi_ldp_peps(J, NULL, &eps);
+    if ((iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) && jplhora_model != SEMOD_JPLHORA_2) {
+      tofs = (J - DCOR_EPS_JPL_TJD0) / 365.25;
+      dofs = OFFSET_EPS_JPLHORIZONS;
+      if (tofs < 0) {
+	tofs = 0;
+	dofs = dcor_eps_jpl[0];
+      } else if (tofs >= NDCOR_EPS_JPL - 1) {
+	tofs = NDCOR_EPS_JPL;
+	dofs = dcor_eps_jpl[NDCOR_EPS_JPL - 1];
+      } else {
+	t0 = (int) tofs;
+	t1 = t0 + 1;
+	dofs = dcor_eps_jpl[(int)t0];
+	dofs = (tofs - t0) * (dcor_eps_jpl[(int)t0] - dcor_eps_jpl[(int)t1]) + dcor_eps_jpl[(int)t0];
+      }
+      dofs /= (1000.0 * 3600.0);
+      eps += dofs * DEGTORAD;
+    }
+//fprintf(stderr, "epsv=%.17f\n", eps);
+  }
+  return(eps);
+}
+
+/* Precession of the equinox and ecliptic
+ * from epoch Julian date J to or from J2000.0
+ *
+ * Original program by Steve Moshier.
+ * Changes in program structure and implementation of IAU 2003 (P03) and
+ * Vondrak 2011 by Dieter Koch.
+ *
+ * SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011 
+ * J. Vondrák, N. Capitaine, and P. Wallace, "New precession expressions,
+ * valid for long time intervals", A&A 534, A22 (2011)
+ *
+ * SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006 
+ * N. Capitaine, P.T. Wallace, and J. Chapront, "Expressions for IAU 2000
+ * precession quantities", 2003, A&A 412, 567-586 (2003).
+ * This is a "short" term model, that can be combined with other models
+ *
+ * SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994 
+ * James G. Williams, "Contributions to the Earth's obliquity rate,
+ * precession, and nutation,"  Astron. J. 108, 711-724 (1994).
+ *
+ * SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994 
+ * J. L. Simon, P. Bretagnon, J. Chapront, M. Chapront-Touze', G. Francou,
+ * and J. Laskar, "Numerical Expressions for precession formulae and
+ * mean elements for the Moon and the planets," Astronomy and Astrophysics
+ * 282, 663-683 (1994).  
+ *
+ * SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976 
+ * IAU Coefficients are from:
+ * J. H. Lieske, T. Lederle, W. Fricke, and B. Morando,
+ * "Expressions for the Precession Quantities Based upon the IAU
+ * (1976) System of Astronomical Constants,"  Astronomy and
+ * Astrophysics 58, 1-16 (1977).
+ * This is a "short" term model, that can be combined with other models
+ *
+ * SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986 
+ * Newer formulas that cover a much longer time span are from:
+ * J. Laskar, "Secular terms of classical planetary theories
+ * using the results of general theory," Astronomy and Astrophysics
+ * 157, 59070 (1986).
+ *
+ * See also:
+ * P. Bretagnon and G. Francou, "Planetary theories in rectangular
+ * and spherical variables. VSOP87 solutions," Astronomy and
+ * Astrophysics 202, 309-315 (1988).
+ *
+ * Bretagnon and Francou's expansions for the node and inclination
+ * of the ecliptic were derived from Laskar's data but were truncated
+ * after the term in T**6. I have recomputed these expansions from
+ * Laskar's data, retaining powers up to T**10 in the result.
+ *
+ */
+
+static int precess_1(double *R, double J, int direction, int prec_method)
+{
+  double T, Z = 0, z = 0, TH = 0;
+  int i;
+  double x[3];
+  double sinth, costh, sinZ, cosZ, sinz, cosz, A, B;
+  if( J == J2000 ) 
+    return(0);
+  T = (J - J2000)/36525.0;
+  if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976) {
+    Z =  (( 0.017998*T + 0.30188)*T + 2306.2181)*T*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    z =  (( 0.018203*T + 1.09468)*T + 2306.2181)*T*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    TH = ((-0.041833*T - 0.42665)*T + 2004.3109)*T*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    /*
+     * precession relative to ecliptic of start epoch is:
+     * pn = (5029.0966 + 2.22226*T-0.000042*T*T) * t + (1.11161-0.000127*T) * t * t - 0.000113*t*t*t;
+     * with: t = (tstart - tdate) / 36525.0
+     *       T = (tstart - J2000) / 36525.0
+     */
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000) {
+    /* AA 2006 B28:*/
+    Z =  (((((- 0.0000002*T - 0.0000327)*T + 0.0179663)*T + 0.3019015)*T + 2306.0809506)*T + 2.5976176)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    z =  (((((- 0.0000003*T - 0.000047)*T + 0.0182237)*T + 1.0947790)*T + 2306.0803226)*T - 2.5976176)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    TH = ((((-0.0000001*T - 0.0000601)*T - 0.0418251)*T - 0.4269353)*T + 2004.1917476)*T*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006) {
+    T = (J - J2000)/36525.0;
+    Z =  (((((- 0.0000003173*T - 0.000005971)*T + 0.01801828)*T + 0.2988499)*T + 2306.083227)*T + 2.650545)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    z =  (((((- 0.0000002904*T - 0.000028596)*T + 0.01826837)*T + 1.0927348)*T + 2306.077181)*T - 2.650545)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    TH = ((((-0.00000011274*T - 0.000007089)*T - 0.04182264)*T - 0.4294934)*T + 2004.191903)*T*DEGTORAD/3600;
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_BRETAGNON_2003) {
+    Z =  ((((((-0.00000000013*T - 0.0000003040)*T - 0.000005708)*T + 0.01801752)*T + 0.3023262)*T + 2306.080472)*T + 2.72767)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    z =  ((((((-0.00000000005*T - 0.0000002486)*T - 0.000028276)*T + 0.01826676)*T + 1.0956768)*T + 2306.076070)*T - 2.72767)*DEGTORAD/3600;
+    TH = ((((((0.000000000009*T + 0.00000000036)*T -0.0000001127)*T - 0.000007291)*T - 0.04182364)*T - 0.4266980)*T + 2004.190936)*T*DEGTORAD/3600;
+#if 0
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    double t1 = (J2000 - 2415020.3135) / 36524.2199;
+    double T = (J - J2000) / 36524.2199;
+    double T2 = T * T; double T3 = T2 * T;
+    Z = (2304.250 + 1.396 * t1) * T + 0.302 * T2 + 0.0179 * T3;
+    z = (2304.250 + 1.396 * t1) * T + 1.093 * T2 + 0.0192 * T3;
+    TH =(2004.682 - 0.853 * t1) * T - 0.426 * T2 - 0.0416 * T3;
+    Z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    TH *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+#endif
+#if 0
+  // from Newcomb, "Compendium" (1906), pp. 245f., relative to 1850
+/* } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    double cties = 36524.2198782; // trop. centuries
+    double T = (J - B1850) / cties;
+    double T2 = T * T; double T3 = T2 * T;
+    double Z1 = 2303.56;
+    Z = 2303.56 * T + 0.3023 * T2 + 0.018 * T3;
+    z = 2303.55 * T + 1.094 * T2 + 0.018 * T3;
+    TH = 2005.11 * T - 0.43 * T2 - 0.041 * T3;
+    Z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    TH *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+*/
+#endif
+#if 0
+  // Newcomb from Expl. supp. 61 pg. 38 
+  // "Andoyar (Woolard and Clemence) expressions":
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    double mills = 365242.198782; // trop. millennia
+    double t1 = (J2000 - B1850) / mills;
+    double t2 = (J - B1850) / mills;
+    double T = t2 - t1;
+    double T2 = T * T; double T3 = T2 * T;
+    double Z1 = 23035.545 + 139.720 * t1 + 0.060 * t1 * t1;
+    Z = Z1 * T + (30.240 - 0.270 * t1) * T2 + 17.995 * T3;
+    z = Z1 * T + (109.480 - 0.390 * t1) * T2 + 18.325 * T3;
+    TH = (20051.12 - 85.29 * t1 - 0.37 * t1 * t1) * T + (-42.65 - 0.37 * t1) * T2 - 41.80 * T3;
+    Z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    TH *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+#endif
+#if 1
+  // Newcomb according to Kinoshita 1975, very close to ExplSuppl/Andoyer;
+  // one additional digit.
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    double mills = 365242.198782; // trop. millennia
+    double t1 = (J2000 - B1850) / mills;
+    double t2 = (J - B1850) / mills;
+    double T = t2 - t1;
+    double T2 = T * T; double T3 = T2 * T;
+    double Z1 = 23035.5548 + 139.720 * t1 + 0.069 * t1 * t1;
+    Z = Z1 * T + (30.242 - 0.269 * t1) * T2 + 17.996 * T3;
+    z = Z1 * T + (109.478 - 0.387 * t1) * T2 + 18.324 * T3;
+    TH = (20051.125 - 85.294 * t1 - 0.365 * t1 * t1) * T + (-42.647 - 0.365 * t1) * T2 - 41.802 * T3;
+    Z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    TH *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+#endif
+#if 0
+  // from Lieske, "Expressions for the Precession Quantities..." (1967), p. 20
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    double cties = 36524.2198782; // trop. centuries
+    double t1 = (J2000 - J1900) / cties;
+    double t2 = (J - J1900) / cties;
+    double T = t2 - t1;
+    double T2 = T * T; double T3 = T2 * T;
+    double Z1 = 2304.253 + 1.3972 * t1 + 0.000125 * t1 * t1;
+    Z = Z1 * T + (0.3023 - 0.000211 * t1) * T2 + 0.0180 * T3;
+    z = Z1 * T + (1.0949 - 0.00046 * t1) * T2 + 0.0183 * T3;
+    TH = (2004.684 - 0.8532 * t1 - 0.000317 * t1 * t1) * T + (-0.4266 - 0.00032 * t1) * T2 - 0.0418 * T3;
+    Z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    z *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+    TH *= (DEGTORAD/3600.0);
+#endif
+  } else {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  sinth = sin(TH);
+  costh = cos(TH);
+  sinZ = sin(Z);
+  cosZ = cos(Z);
+  sinz = sin(z);
+  cosz = cos(z);
+  A = cosZ*costh;
+  B = sinZ*costh;
+  if( direction < 0 ) { /* From J2000.0 to J */
+    x[0] =    (A*cosz - sinZ*sinz)*R[0]
+	    - (B*cosz + cosZ*sinz)*R[1]
+		      - sinth*cosz*R[2];
+    x[1] =    (A*sinz + sinZ*cosz)*R[0]
+	    - (B*sinz - cosZ*cosz)*R[1]
+		      - sinth*sinz*R[2];
+    x[2] =              cosZ*sinth*R[0]
+		      - sinZ*sinth*R[1]
+		      + costh*R[2];
+  } else { /* From J to J2000.0 */
+    x[0] =    (A*cosz - sinZ*sinz)*R[0]
+	    + (A*sinz + sinZ*cosz)*R[1]
+		      + cosZ*sinth*R[2];
+    x[1] =  - (B*cosz + cosZ*sinz)*R[0]
+	    - (B*sinz - cosZ*cosz)*R[1]
+		      - sinZ*sinth*R[2];
+    x[2] =            - sinth*cosz*R[0]
+		      - sinth*sinz*R[1]
+                      + costh*R[2];
+  }	
+  for( i=0; i<3; i++ ) 
+    R[i] = x[i];
+  return(0);
+}
+
+/* In WILLIAMS and SIMON, Laskar's terms of order higher than t^4
+   have been retained, because Simon et al mention that the solution
+   is the same except for the lower order terms.  */
+
+/* SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994 */
+static const double pAcof_williams[] = {
+ -8.66e-10, -4.759e-8, 2.424e-7, 1.3095e-5, 1.7451e-4, -1.8055e-3,
+ -0.235316, 0.076, 110.5407, 50287.70000 };
+static const double nodecof_williams[] = {
+  6.6402e-16, -2.69151e-15, -1.547021e-12, 7.521313e-12, 1.9e-10, 
+  -3.54e-9, -1.8103e-7,  1.26e-7,  7.436169e-5,
+  -0.04207794833,  3.052115282424};
+static const double inclcof_williams[] = {
+  1.2147e-16, 7.3759e-17, -8.26287e-14, 2.503410e-13, 2.4650839e-11, 
+  -5.4000441e-11, 1.32115526e-9, -6.012e-7, -1.62442e-5,
+  0.00227850649, 0.0 };
+
+/* SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994 */
+/* Precession coefficients from Simon et al: */
+static const double pAcof_simon[] = {
+  -8.66e-10, -4.759e-8, 2.424e-7, 1.3095e-5, 1.7451e-4, -1.8055e-3,
+  -0.235316, 0.07732, 111.2022, 50288.200 };
+static const double nodecof_simon[] = {
+  6.6402e-16, -2.69151e-15, -1.547021e-12, 7.521313e-12, 1.9e-10, 
+  -3.54e-9, -1.8103e-7, 2.579e-8, 7.4379679e-5,
+  -0.0420782900, 3.0521126906};
+static const double inclcof_simon[] = {
+  1.2147e-16, 7.3759e-17, -8.26287e-14, 2.503410e-13, 2.4650839e-11, 
+  -5.4000441e-11, 1.32115526e-9, -5.99908e-7, -1.624383e-5,
+  0.002278492868, 0.0 };
+
+/* SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986 */
+/* Precession coefficients taken from Laskar's paper: */
+static const double pAcof_laskar[] = {
+  -8.66e-10, -4.759e-8, 2.424e-7, 1.3095e-5, 1.7451e-4, -1.8055e-3,
+  -0.235316, 0.07732, 111.1971, 50290.966 };
+/* Node and inclination of the earth's orbit computed from
+ * Laskar's data as done in Bretagnon and Francou's paper.
+ * Units are radians.
+ */
+static const double nodecof_laskar[] = {
+  6.6402e-16, -2.69151e-15, -1.547021e-12, 7.521313e-12, 6.3190131e-10, 
+  -3.48388152e-9, -1.813065896e-7, 2.75036225e-8, 7.4394531426e-5,
+  -0.042078604317, 3.052112654975 };
+static const double inclcof_laskar[] = {
+  1.2147e-16, 7.3759e-17, -8.26287e-14, 2.503410e-13, 2.4650839e-11, 
+  -5.4000441e-11, 1.32115526e-9, -5.998737027e-7, -1.6242797091e-5,
+  0.002278495537, 0.0 };
+
+static int precess_2(double *R, double J, int32 iflag, int direction, int prec_method)
+{
+  int i;
+  double T, z;
+  double eps, sineps, coseps;
+  double x[3];
+  const double *p;
+  double A, B, pA, W;
+  const double *pAcof, *inclcof, *nodecof;
+  if( J == J2000 ) 
+    return(0);
+  if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986) {
+    pAcof = pAcof_laskar;
+    nodecof = nodecof_laskar;
+    inclcof = inclcof_laskar;
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994) {
+    pAcof = pAcof_simon;
+    nodecof = nodecof_simon;
+    inclcof = inclcof_simon;
+  } else if (prec_method == SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994) {
+    pAcof = pAcof_williams;
+    nodecof = nodecof_williams;
+    inclcof = inclcof_williams;
+  } else {	/* default, to satisfy compiler */
+    pAcof = pAcof_laskar;
+    nodecof = nodecof_laskar;
+    inclcof = inclcof_laskar;
+  }
+  T = (J - J2000)/36525.0;
+  /* Implementation by elementary rotations using Laskar's expansions.
+   * First rotate about the x axis from the initial equator
+   * to the ecliptic. (The input is equatorial.)
+   */
+  if( direction == 1 ) 
+    eps = swi_epsiln(J, iflag); /* To J2000 */
+  else 
+    eps = swi_epsiln(J2000, iflag); /* From J2000 */
+  sineps = sin(eps);
+  coseps = cos(eps);
+  x[0] = R[0];
+  z = coseps*R[1] + sineps*R[2];
+  x[2] = -sineps*R[1] + coseps*R[2];
+  x[1] = z;
+  /* Precession in longitude */
+  T /= 10.0; /* thousands of years */
+  p = pAcof;
+  pA = *p++;
+  for( i=0; i<9; i++ ) {
+    pA = pA * T + *p++;
+  }
+  pA *= DEGTORAD/3600 * T;
+  /* Node of the moving ecliptic on the J2000 ecliptic.
+   */
+  p = nodecof;
+  W = *p++;
+  for( i=0; i<10; i++ ) 
+    W = W * T + *p++;
+  /* Rotate about z axis to the node.
+   */
+  if( direction == 1 ) 
+    z = W + pA;
+  else 
+    z = W;
+  B = cos(z);
+  A = sin(z);
+  z = B * x[0] + A * x[1];
+  x[1] = -A * x[0] + B * x[1];
+  x[0] = z;
+  /* Rotate about new x axis by the inclination of the moving
+   * ecliptic on the J2000 ecliptic.
+   */
+  p = inclcof;
+  z = *p++;
+  for( i=0; i<10; i++ ) 
+    z = z * T + *p++;
+  if( direction == 1 ) 
+    z = -z;
+  B = cos(z);
+  A = sin(z);
+  z = B * x[1] + A * x[2];
+  x[2] = -A * x[1] + B * x[2];
+  x[1] = z;
+  /* Rotate about new z axis back from the node.
+   */
+  if( direction == 1 ) 
+    z = -W;
+  else 
+    z = -W - pA;
+  B = cos(z);
+  A = sin(z);
+  z = B * x[0] + A * x[1];
+  x[1] = -A * x[0] + B * x[1];
+  x[0] = z;
+  /* Rotate about x axis to final equator.
+   */
+  if( direction == 1 ) 
+    eps = swi_epsiln(J2000, iflag);
+  else 
+    eps = swi_epsiln(J, iflag);
+  sineps = sin(eps);
+  coseps = cos(eps);
+  z = coseps * x[1] - sineps * x[2];
+  x[2] = sineps * x[1] + coseps * x[2];
+  x[1] = z;
+  for( i=0; i<3; i++ ) 
+    R[i] = x[i];
+  return(0);
+}
+
+static int precess_3(double *R, double J, int direction, int iflag, int prec_meth)
+{
+  //double T;
+  double x[3], pmat[9];
+  int i, j;
+  if( J == J2000 ) 
+    return(0);
+  /* Each precession angle is specified by a polynomial in
+   * T = Julian centuries from J2000.0.  See AA page B18.
+   */
+  //T = (J - J2000)/36525.0;
+  if (prec_meth == SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990)
+    owen_pre_matrix(J, pmat, iflag);
+  else
+    pre_pmat(J, pmat);
+  if (direction == -1) {
+    for (i = 0, j = 0; i <= 2; i++, j = i * 3) {
+      x[i] = R[0] *  pmat[j + 0] +
+	      R[1] * pmat[j + 1] +
+	      R[2] * pmat[j + 2];
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (i = 0, j = 0; i <= 2; i++, j = i * 3) {
+      x[i] = R[0] * pmat[i + 0] +
+	      R[1] * pmat[i + 3] +
+	      R[2] * pmat[i + 6];
+    }
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+    R[i] = x[i];
+  return(0);
+}
+
+/* Subroutine arguments:
+ *
+ * R = rectangular equatorial coordinate vector to be precessed.
+ *     The result is written back into the input vector.
+ * J = Julian date
+ * direction =
+ *      Precess from J to J2000: direction = 1
+ *      Precess from J2000 to J: direction = -1
+ * Note that if you want to precess from J1 to J2, you would
+ * first go from J1 to J2000, then call the program again
+ * to go from J2000 to J2.
+ */
+int swi_precess(double *R, double J, int32 iflag, int direction )
+{
+  double T = (J - J2000)/36525.0;
+  int prec_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_PREC_LONGTERM];
+  int prec_model_short = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_PREC_SHORTTERM];
+  int jplhora_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE];
+  AS_BOOL is_jplhor = FALSE;
+  if (prec_model == 0) prec_model = SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT;
+  if (prec_model_short == 0) prec_model_short = SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT_SHORT;
+  if (jplhora_model == 0) jplhora_model = SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT;
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR)
+    is_jplhor = TRUE;
+  if ((iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) 
+      && jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_3
+      && J <= HORIZONS_TJD0_DPSI_DEPS_IAU1980)
+    is_jplhor = TRUE;
+  /* JPL Horizons uses precession IAU 1976 and nutation IAU 1980 plus
+   * some correction to nutation, arriving at extremely high precision */
+  if (is_jplhor) {
+    if (J > 2378131.5 && J < 2525323.5) { // between 1.1.1799 and 1.1.2202
+      return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976);
+    } else { 
+      return precess_3(R, J, direction, iflag, SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990);
+    }
+  /* Use IAU 1976 formula for a few centuries.  */
+  } else if (prec_model_short == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976 && fabs(T) <= PREC_IAU_1976_CTIES) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976);
+  /* Use IAU 2000 formula for a few centuries.  */
+  } else if (prec_model_short == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000 && fabs(T) <= PREC_IAU_2000_CTIES) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000);
+  /* Use IAU 2006 formula for a few centuries.  */
+  } else if (prec_model_short == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006 && fabs(T) <= PREC_IAU_2006_CTIES) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_BRETAGNON_2003) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_BRETAGNON_2003);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB) {
+    return precess_1(R, J, direction, SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986) {
+    return precess_2(R, J, iflag, direction, SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994) {
+    return precess_2(R, J, iflag, direction, SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994 || prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_WILL_EPS_LASK) {
+    return precess_2(R, J, iflag, direction, SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994);
+  } else if (prec_model == SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990) { 
+    return precess_3(R, J, direction, iflag, SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990);
+  } else { /* SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011 */
+    //int i;
+    //int retval = precess_3(R, J, direction, iflag, SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011);
+    // for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) printf("%.9f, ", R[i]);
+    return precess_3(R, J, direction, iflag, SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011);
+  }
+}
+
+/* Nutation in longitude and obliquity
+ * computed at Julian date J.
+ *
+ * References:
+ * "Summary of 1980 IAU Theory of Nutation (Final Report of the
+ * IAU Working Group on Nutation)", P. K. Seidelmann et al., in
+ * Transactions of the IAU Vol. XVIII A, Reports on Astronomy,
+ * P. A. Wayman, ed.; D. Reidel Pub. Co., 1982.
+ *
+ * "Nutation and the Earth's Rotation",
+ * I.A.U. Symposium No. 78, May, 1977, page 256.
+ * I.A.U., 1980.
+ *
+ * Woolard, E.W., "A redevelopment of the theory of nutation",
+ * The Astronomical Journal, 58, 1-3 (1953).
+ *
+ * This program implements all of the 1980 IAU nutation series.
+ * Results checked at 100 points against the 1986 AA; all agreed.
+ *
+ *
+ * - S. L. Moshier, November 1987
+ *   October, 1992 - typo fixed in nutation matrix
+ *
+ * - D. Koch, November 1995: small changes in structure,
+ *   Corrections to IAU 1980 Series added from Expl. Suppl. p. 116
+ *
+ * Each term in the expansion has a trigonometric
+ * argument given by
+ *   W = i*MM + j*MS + k*FF + l*DD + m*OM
+ * where the variables are defined below.
+ * The nutation in longitude is a sum of terms of the
+ * form (a + bT) * sin(W). The terms for nutation in obliquity
+ * are of the form (c + dT) * cos(W).  The coefficients
+ * are arranged in the tabulation as follows:
+ * 
+ * Coefficient:
+ * i  j  k  l  m      a      b      c     d
+ * 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -171996, -1742, 92025, 89,
+ * The first line of the table, above, is done separately
+ * since two of the values do not fit into 16 bit integers.
+ * The values a and c are arc seconds times 10000.  b and d
+ * are arc seconds per Julian century times 100000.  i through m
+ * are integers.  See the program for interpretation of MM, MS,
+ * etc., which are mean orbital elements of the Sun and Moon.
+ *
+ * If terms with coefficient less than X are omitted, the peak
+ * errors will be:
+ *
+ *   omit	error,		  omit	error,
+ *   a <	longitude	  c <	obliquity
+ * .0005"	.0100"		.0008"	.0094"
+ * .0046	.0492		.0095	.0481
+ * .0123	.0880		.0224	.0905
+ * .0386	.1808		.0895	.1129
+ */
+static const short nt[] = {  
+/* LS and OC are units of 0.0001"
+ *LS2 and OC2 are units of 0.00001"
+ *MM,MS,FF,DD,OM, LS, LS2,OC, OC2 */
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2,  2062,  2, -895,  5,
+-2, 0, 2, 0, 1,    46,  0,  -24,  0,
+ 2, 0,-2, 0, 0,    11,  0,    0,  0,
+-2, 0, 2, 0, 2,    -3,  0,    1,  0,
+ 1,-1, 0,-1, 0,    -3,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0,-2, 2,-2, 1,    -2,  0,    1,  0,
+ 2, 0,-2, 0, 1,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2,-2, 2,-13187,-16, 5736,-31,
+ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,  1426,-34,   54, -1,
+ 0, 1, 2,-2, 2,  -517, 12,  224, -6,
+ 0,-1, 2,-2, 2,   217, -5,  -95,  3,
+ 0, 0, 2,-2, 1,   129,  1,  -70,  0,
+ 2, 0, 0,-2, 0,    48,  0,    1,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2,-2, 0,   -22,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0,    17, -1,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1,   -15,  0,    9,  0,
+ 0, 2, 2,-2, 2,   -16,  1,    7,  0,
+ 0,-1, 0, 0, 1,   -12,  0,    6,  0,
+-2, 0, 0, 2, 1,    -6,  0,    3,  0,
+ 0,-1, 2,-2, 1,    -5,  0,    3,  0,
+ 2, 0, 0,-2, 1,     4,  0,   -2,  0,
+ 0, 1, 2,-2, 1,     4,  0,   -2,  0,
+ 1, 0, 0,-1, 0,    -4,  0,    0,  0,
+ 2, 1, 0,-2, 0,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0,-2, 2, 1,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1,-2, 2, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 0, 0, 2,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+-1, 0, 0, 1, 1,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 2,-2, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, -2274, -2,  977, -5,
+ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,   712,  1,   -7,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 0, 1,  -386, -4,  200,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2, 0, 2,  -301,  0,  129, -1,
+ 1, 0, 0,-2, 0,  -158,  0,   -1,  0,
+-1, 0, 2, 0, 2,   123,  0,  -53,  0,
+ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0,    63,  0,   -2,  0,
+ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1,    63,  1,  -33,  0,
+-1, 0, 0, 0, 1,   -58, -1,   32,  0,
+-1, 0, 2, 2, 2,   -59,  0,   26,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2, 0, 1,   -51,  0,   27,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 2, 2,   -38,  0,   16,  0,
+ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0,    29,  0,   -1,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2,-2, 2,    29,  0,  -12,  0,
+ 2, 0, 2, 0, 2,   -31,  0,   13,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0,    26,  0,   -1,  0,
+-1, 0, 2, 0, 1,    21,  0,  -10,  0,
+-1, 0, 0, 2, 1,    16,  0,   -8,  0,
+ 1, 0, 0,-2, 1,   -13,  0,    7,  0,
+-1, 0, 2, 2, 1,   -10,  0,    5,  0,
+ 1, 1, 0,-2, 0,    -7,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 2, 0, 2,     7,  0,   -3,  0,
+ 0,-1, 2, 0, 2,    -7,  0,    3,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2, 2, 2,    -8,  0,    3,  0,
+ 1, 0, 0, 2, 0,     6,  0,    0,  0,
+ 2, 0, 2,-2, 2,     6,  0,   -3,  0,
+ 0, 0, 0, 2, 1,    -6,  0,    3,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 2, 1,    -7,  0,    3,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2,-2, 1,     6,  0,   -3,  0,
+ 0, 0, 0,-2, 1,    -5,  0,    3,  0,
+ 1,-1, 0, 0, 0,     5,  0,    0,  0,
+ 2, 0, 2, 0, 1,    -5,  0,    3,  0, 
+ 0, 1, 0,-2, 0,    -4,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 0,-2, 0, 0,     4,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,    -4,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0,    -3,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2, 0, 0,     3,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1,-1, 2, 0, 2,    -3,  0,    1,  0,
+-1,-1, 2, 2, 2,    -3,  0,    1,  0,
+-2, 0, 0, 0, 1,    -2,  0,    1,  0,
+ 3, 0, 2, 0, 2,    -3,  0,    1,  0,
+ 0,-1, 2, 2, 2,    -3,  0,    1,  0,
+ 1, 1, 2, 0, 2,     2,  0,   -1,  0,
+-1, 0, 2,-2, 1,    -2,  0,    1,  0,
+ 2, 0, 0, 0, 1,     2,  0,   -1,  0,
+ 1, 0, 0, 0, 2,    -2,  0,    1,  0,
+ 3, 0, 0, 0, 0,     2,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 1, 2,     2,  0,   -1,  0,
+-1, 0, 0, 0, 2,     1,  0,   -1,  0,
+
+ 1, 0, 0,-4, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+-2, 0, 2, 2, 2,     1,  0,   -1,  0,
+-1, 0, 2, 4, 2,    -2,  0,    1,  0,
+ 2, 0, 0,-4, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 1, 2,-2, 2,     1,  0,   -1,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2, 2, 1,    -1,  0,    1,  0,
+-2, 0, 2, 4, 2,    -1,  0,    1,  0,
+-1, 0, 4, 0, 2,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1,-1, 0,-2, 0,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 2, 0, 2,-2, 1,     1,  0,   -1,  0,
+ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 0, 0, 2, 1,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 4,-2, 2,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 3, 0, 2,-2, 2,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 0, 2,-2, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 2, 0, 1,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+-1,-1, 0, 2, 1,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0,-2, 0, 1,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2,-1, 2,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 0, 2, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 0,-2,-2, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0,-1, 2, 0, 1,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 1, 0,-2, 1,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 1, 0,-2, 2, 0,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 0, 2, 4, 2,    -1,  0,    0,  0,
+ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0,     1,  0,    0,  0,
+#if 1
+/*#if NUT_CORR_1987  switch is handled in function calc_nutation_iau1980() */
+/* corrections to IAU 1980 nutation series by Herring 1987
+ *             in 0.00001" !!!
+ *              LS      OC      */
+ 101, 0, 0, 0, 1,-725, 0, 213, 0,
+ 101, 1, 0, 0, 0, 523, 0, 208, 0,
+ 101, 0, 2,-2, 2, 102, 0, -41, 0,
+ 101, 0, 2, 0, 2, -81, 0,  32, 0,
+/*              LC      OS !!!  */
+ 102, 0, 0, 0, 1, 417, 0, 224, 0,
+ 102, 1, 0, 0, 0,  61, 0, -24, 0,
+ 102, 0, 2,-2, 2,-118, 0, -47, 0,
+/*#endif*/
+#endif
+ ENDMARK,
+};
+
+static int calc_nutation_iau1980(double J, double *nutlo)
+{
+  /* arrays to hold sines and cosines of multiple angles */
+  double ss[5][8];
+  double cc[5][8];
+  double arg;
+  double args[5];
+  double f, g, T, T2;
+  double MM, MS, FF, DD, OM;
+  double cu, su, cv, sv, sw, s;
+  double C, D;
+  int i, j, k, k1, m, n;
+  int ns[5];
+  const short *p;
+  int nut_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_NUT];
+  if (nut_model == 0) nut_model = SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT;
+  /* Julian centuries from 2000 January 1.5,
+   * barycentric dynamical time
+   */
+  T = (J - 2451545.0) / 36525.0;
+  T2 = T * T;
+  /* Fundamental arguments in the FK5 reference system.
+   * The coefficients, originally given to 0.001",
+   * are converted here to degrees.
+   */
+  /* longitude of the mean ascending node of the lunar orbit
+   * on the ecliptic, measured from the mean equinox of date
+   */
+  OM = -6962890.539 * T + 450160.280 + (0.008 * T + 7.455) * T2;
+  OM = swe_degnorm(OM/3600) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* mean longitude of the Sun minus the
+   * mean longitude of the Sun's perigee
+   */
+  MS = 129596581.224 * T + 1287099.804 - (0.012 * T + 0.577) * T2;
+  MS = swe_degnorm(MS/3600) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* mean longitude of the Moon minus the
+   * mean longitude of the Moon's perigee
+   */
+  MM = 1717915922.633 * T + 485866.733 + (0.064 * T + 31.310) * T2;
+  MM = swe_degnorm(MM/3600) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* mean longitude of the Moon minus the
+   * mean longitude of the Moon's node
+   */
+  FF = 1739527263.137 * T + 335778.877 + (0.011 * T - 13.257) * T2;
+  FF = swe_degnorm(FF/3600) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* mean elongation of the Moon from the Sun.
+   */
+  DD = 1602961601.328 * T + 1072261.307 + (0.019 * T - 6.891) * T2;
+  DD = swe_degnorm(DD/3600) * DEGTORAD;
+  args[0] = MM;
+  ns[0] = 3;
+  args[1] = MS;
+  ns[1] = 2;
+  args[2] = FF;
+  ns[2] = 4;
+  args[3] = DD;
+  ns[3] = 4;
+  args[4] = OM;
+  ns[4] = 2;
+  /* Calculate sin( i*MM ), etc. for needed multiple angles
+   */
+  for (k = 0; k <= 4; k++) {
+    arg = args[k];
+    n = ns[k];
+    su = sin(arg);
+    cu = cos(arg);
+    ss[k][0] = su;			/* sin(L) */
+    cc[k][0] = cu;			/* cos(L) */
+    sv = 2.0*su*cu;
+    cv = cu*cu - su*su;
+    ss[k][1] = sv;			/* sin(2L) */
+    cc[k][1] = cv;
+    for( i=2; i<n; i++ ) {
+      s =  su*cv + cu*sv;
+      cv = cu*cv - su*sv;
+      sv = s;
+      ss[k][i] = sv;		/* sin( i+1 L ) */
+      cc[k][i] = cv;
+    }
+  }
+  /* first terms, not in table: */
+  C = (-0.01742*T - 17.1996)*ss[4][0];	/* sin(OM) */
+  D = ( 0.00089*T +  9.2025)*cc[4][0];	/* cos(OM) */
+  for(p = &nt[0]; *p != ENDMARK; p += 9) {
+    if (nut_model != SEMOD_NUT_IAU_CORR_1987 && (p[0] == 101 || p[0] == 102))
+      continue;
+    /* argument of sine and cosine */
+    k1 = 0;
+    cv = 0.0;
+    sv = 0.0;
+    for( m=0; m<5; m++ ) {
+      j = p[m];
+      if (j > 100) 
+	j = 0; /* p[0] is a flag */
+      if( j ) {
+	k = j;
+	if( j < 0 ) 
+	  k = -k;
+	su = ss[m][k-1]; /* sin(k*angle) */
+	if( j < 0 ) 
+	  su = -su;
+	cu = cc[m][k-1];
+	if( k1 == 0 ) { /* set first angle */
+	  sv = su;
+	  cv = cu;
+	  k1 = 1;
+	}
+	else {		/* combine angles */
+	  sw = su*cv + cu*sv;
+	  cv = cu*cv - su*sv;
+	  sv = sw;
+	}
+      }
+    }
+    /* longitude coefficient, in 0.0001" */
+    f  = p[5] * 0.0001;
+    if( p[6] != 0 ) 
+      f += 0.00001 * T * p[6];
+    /* obliquity coefficient, in 0.0001" */
+    g = p[7] * 0.0001;
+    if( p[8] != 0 ) 
+      g += 0.00001 * T * p[8];
+    if (*p >= 100) { 	/* coefficients in 0.00001" */
+      f *= 0.1;
+      g *= 0.1;
+    }
+    /* accumulate the terms */
+    if (*p != 102) {
+      C += f * sv;
+      D += g * cv;
+    }
+    else { 		/* cos for nutl and sin for nuto */
+      C += f * cv;
+      D += g * sv;
+    }
+    /*
+    if (i >= 105) {
+      printf("%4.10f, %4.10f\n",f*sv,g*cv);
+    }
+    */
+  }
+  /*
+      printf("%4.10f, %4.10f, %4.10f, %4.10f\n",MS*RADTODEG,FF*RADTODEG,DD*RADTODEG,OM*RADTODEG);
+  printf( "nutation: in longitude %.9f\", in obliquity %.9f\"\n", C, D );
+  */
+  /* Save answers, expressed in radians */
+  nutlo[0] = DEGTORAD * C / 3600.0;
+  nutlo[1] = DEGTORAD * D / 3600.0;
+  return(0);
+}
+
+/* Nutation IAU 2000A model 
+ * (MHB2000 luni-solar and planetary nutation, without free core nutation)
+ *
+ * Function returns nutation in longitude and obliquity in radians with 
+ * respect to the equinox of date. For the obliquity of the ecliptic
+ * the calculation of Lieske & al. (1977) must be used.
+ *
+ * The precision in recent years is about 0.001 arc seconds.
+ *
+ * The calculation includes luni-solar and planetary nutation.
+ * Free core nutation, which cannot be predicted, is omitted, 
+ * the error being of the order of a few 0.0001 arc seconds.
+ *
+ * References:
+ *
+ * Capitaine, N., Wallace, P.T., Chapront, J., A & A 432, 366 (2005).
+ *
+ * Chapront, J., Chapront-Touze, M. & Francou, G., A & A 387, 700 (2002).
+ *
+ * Lieske, J.H., Lederle, T., Fricke, W. & Morando, B., "Expressions
+ * for the precession quantities based upon the IAU (1976) System of
+ * Astronomical Constants", A & A 58, 1-16 (1977).
+ *
+ * Mathews, P.M., Herring, T.A., Buffet, B.A., "Modeling of nutation
+ * and precession   New nutation series for nonrigid Earth and
+ * insights into the Earth's interior", J.Geophys.Res., 107, B4,
+ * 2002.  
+ *
+ * Simon, J.-L., Bretagnon, P., Chapront, J., Chapront-Touze, M.,
+ * Francou, G., Laskar, J., A & A 282, 663-683 (1994).
+ *
+ * Souchay, J., Loysel, B., Kinoshita, H., Folgueira, M., A & A Supp.
+ * Ser. 135, 111 (1999).
+ *
+ * Wallace, P.T., "Software for Implementing the IAU 2000
+ * Resolutions", in IERS Workshop 5.1 (2002).
+ *
+ * Nutation IAU 2000A series in: 
+ * Kaplan, G.H., United States Naval Observatory Circular No. 179 (Oct. 2005)
+ * aa.usno.navy.mil/publications/docs/Circular_179.html
+ *
+ * MHB2000 code at
+ * - ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/conv2000/chapter5/IAU2000A.
+ * - http://www.iau-sofa.rl.ac.uk/2005_0901/Downloads.html
+ */
+
+#include "swenut2000a.h"
+static int calc_nutation_iau2000ab(double J, double *nutlo) 
+{
+  int i, j, k, inls;
+  double M, SM, F, D, OM;
+  double AL, ALSU, AF, AD, AOM, APA;
+  double ALME, ALVE, ALEA, ALMA, ALJU, ALSA, ALUR, ALNE;
+  double darg, sinarg, cosarg;
+  double dpsi = 0, deps = 0;
+  double T = (J - J2000 ) / 36525.0;
+  int nut_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_NUT];
+  if (nut_model == 0) nut_model = SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT;
+  /* luni-solar nutation */
+  /* Fundamental arguments, Simon & al. (1994) */
+  /* Mean anomaly of the Moon. */
+  M  = swe_degnorm(( 485868.249036 +
+	      T*( 1717915923.2178 +
+	      T*(         31.8792 +
+	      T*(          0.051635 +
+	      T*(        - 0.00024470 ))))) / 3600.0) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* Mean anomaly of the Sun */
+  SM = swe_degnorm((1287104.79305 +
+	      T*(  129596581.0481 +
+	      T*(        - 0.5532 +
+	      T*(          0.000136 +
+	      T*(        - 0.00001149 ))))) / 3600.0) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* Mean argument of the latitude of the Moon. */
+  F   = swe_degnorm(( 335779.526232 +
+	      T*( 1739527262.8478 +
+	      T*(       - 12.7512 +
+	      T*(       -  0.001037 +
+	      T*(          0.00000417 ))))) / 3600.0) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* Mean elongation of the Moon from the Sun. */
+  D   = swe_degnorm((1072260.70369 +
+	      T*( 1602961601.2090 +
+	      T*(        - 6.3706 +
+	      T*(          0.006593 +
+	      T*(        - 0.00003169 ))))) / 3600.0) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* Mean longitude of the ascending node of the Moon. */
+  OM  = swe_degnorm(( 450160.398036 +
+	      T*(  - 6962890.5431 +
+	      T*(          7.4722 +
+	      T*(          0.007702 +
+	      T*(        - 0.00005939 ))))) / 3600.0) * DEGTORAD;
+  /* luni-solar nutation series, in reverse order, starting with small terms */
+  if (nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000B)
+    inls = NLS_2000B;
+  else
+    inls = NLS;
+  for (i = inls - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    j = i * 5;
+    darg = swe_radnorm((double) nls[j + 0] * M  +
+		       (double) nls[j + 1] * SM +
+		       (double) nls[j + 2] * F   +
+		       (double) nls[j + 3] * D   +
+		       (double) nls[j + 4] * OM);
+    sinarg = sin(darg);
+    cosarg = cos(darg);
+    k = i * 6;
+    dpsi += (cls[k+0] + cls[k+1] * T) * sinarg + cls[k+2] * cosarg;
+    deps += (cls[k+3] + cls[k+4] * T) * cosarg + cls[k+5] * sinarg;
+  }
+  nutlo[0] = dpsi * O1MAS2DEG;
+  nutlo[1] = deps * O1MAS2DEG;
+  if (nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000A) {
+    /* planetary nutation 
+     * note: The MHB2000 code computes the luni-solar and planetary nutation
+     * in different routines, using slightly different Delaunay
+     * arguments in the two cases.  This behaviour is faithfully
+     * reproduced here.  Use of the Simon et al. expressions for both
+     * cases leads to negligible changes, well below 0.1 microarcsecond.*/
+    /* Mean anomaly of the Moon.*/
+    AL = swe_radnorm(2.35555598 + 8328.6914269554 * T);
+    /* Mean anomaly of the Sun.*/
+    ALSU = swe_radnorm(6.24006013 + 628.301955 * T);
+    /* Mean argument of the latitude of the Moon. */
+    AF = swe_radnorm(1.627905234 + 8433.466158131 * T);
+    /* Mean elongation of the Moon from the Sun. */
+    AD = swe_radnorm(5.198466741 + 7771.3771468121 * T);
+    /* Mean longitude of the ascending node of the Moon. */
+    AOM = swe_radnorm(2.18243920 - 33.757045 * T);
+    /* Planetary longitudes, Mercury through Neptune (Souchay et al. 1999). */
+    ALME = swe_radnorm(4.402608842 + 2608.7903141574 * T);
+    ALVE = swe_radnorm(3.176146697 + 1021.3285546211 * T);
+    ALEA = swe_radnorm(1.753470314 +  628.3075849991 * T);
+    ALMA = swe_radnorm(6.203480913 +  334.0612426700 * T);
+    ALJU = swe_radnorm(0.599546497 +   52.9690962641 * T);
+    ALSA = swe_radnorm(0.874016757 +   21.3299104960 * T);
+    ALUR = swe_radnorm(5.481293871 +    7.4781598567 * T);
+    ALNE = swe_radnorm(5.321159000 +    3.8127774000 * T);
+    /* General accumulated precession in longitude. */
+    APA = (0.02438175 + 0.00000538691 * T) * T;
+    /* planetary nutation series (in reverse order).*/
+    dpsi = 0;
+    deps = 0;
+    for (i = NPL - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      j = i * 14;
+      darg = swe_radnorm((double) npl[j + 0] * AL   +
+	  (double) npl[j + 1] * ALSU +
+	  (double) npl[j + 2] * AF   +
+	  (double) npl[j + 3] * AD   +
+	  (double) npl[j + 4] * AOM  +
+	  (double) npl[j + 5] * ALME +
+	  (double) npl[j + 6] * ALVE +
+	  (double) npl[j + 7] * ALEA +
+	  (double) npl[j + 8] * ALMA +
+	  (double) npl[j + 9] * ALJU +
+	  (double) npl[j +10] * ALSA +
+	  (double) npl[j +11] * ALUR +
+	  (double) npl[j +12] * ALNE +
+	  (double) npl[j +13] * APA);
+      k = i * 4;
+      sinarg = sin(darg);
+      cosarg = cos(darg);
+      dpsi += (double) icpl[k+0] * sinarg + (double) icpl[k+1] * cosarg;
+      deps += (double) icpl[k+2] * sinarg + (double) icpl[k+3] * cosarg;
+    }
+    nutlo[0] += dpsi * O1MAS2DEG;
+    nutlo[1] += deps * O1MAS2DEG;
+#if 1
+    /* changes required by adoption of P03 precession 
+     * according to Capitaine et al. A & A 412, 366 (2005) = IAU 2006 */
+    dpsi = -8.1 * sin(OM) - 0.6 * sin(2 * F - 2 * D + 2 * OM);
+    dpsi += T * (47.8 * sin(OM) + 3.7 * sin(2 * F - 2 * D + 2 * OM) + 0.6 * sin(2 * F + 2 * OM) - 0.6 * sin(2 * OM)); 
+    deps = T * (-25.6 * cos(OM) - 1.6 * cos(2 * F - 2 * D + 2 * OM));
+    nutlo[0] += dpsi / (3600.0 * 1000000.0);
+    nutlo[1] += deps / (3600.0 * 1000000.0);
+#endif
+  }
+  nutlo[0] *= DEGTORAD;
+  nutlo[1] *= DEGTORAD;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* an incomplete implementation of nutation Woolard 1953 */
+static int calc_nutation_woolard(double J, double *nutlo) 
+{
+  double deps, dpsi;
+  double ls, ld;	/* sun's mean longitude, moon's mean longitude */
+  double ms, md;	/* sun's mean anomaly, moon's mean anomaly */
+  double nm;	/* longitude of moon's ascending node */
+  double t, t2;	/* number of Julian centuries of 36525 days since
+		   * Jan 0.5 1900.
+		   */
+  double tls, tnm, tld;	/* twice above */
+  double a, b;	/* temps */
+  double mjd = J - J1900;
+  t = mjd/36525.;
+  t2 = t*t;
+  a = 100.0021358*t;
+  b = 360.*(a-(long)a);
+  ls = 279.697+.000303*t2+b;
+  a = 1336.855231*t;
+  b = 360.*(a-(long)a);
+  ld = 270.434-.001133*t2+b;
+  a = 99.99736056000026*t;
+  b = 360.*(a-(long)a);
+  ms = 358.476-.00015*t2+b;
+  a = 13255523.59*t;
+  b = 360.*(a-(long)a);
+  md = 296.105+.009192*t2+b;
+  a = 5.372616667*t;
+  b = 360.*(a-(long)a);
+  nm = 259.183+.002078*t2-b;
+  /* convert to radian forms for use with trig functions.
+   */
+  tls = 2*ls * DEGTORAD;
+  nm = nm * DEGTORAD;
+  tnm = 2*nm;
+  ms = ms * DEGTORAD;
+  tld = 2*ld * DEGTORAD;
+  md = md * DEGTORAD;
+  /* find delta psi and eps, in arcseconds.
+   */
+  dpsi = (-17.2327-.01737*t)*sin(nm)+(-1.2729-.00013*t)*sin(tls)
+	     +.2088*sin(tnm)-.2037*sin(tld)+(.1261-.00031*t)*sin(ms)
+	     +.0675*sin(md)-(.0497-.00012*t)*sin(tls+ms)
+	     -.0342*sin(tld-nm)-.0261*sin(tld+md)+.0214*sin(tls-ms)
+	     -.0149*sin(tls-tld+md)+.0124*sin(tls-nm)+.0114*sin(tld-md);
+  deps = (9.21+.00091*t)*cos(nm)+(.5522-.00029*t)*cos(tls)
+	     -.0904*cos(tnm)+.0884*cos(tld)+.0216*cos(tls+ms)
+	     +.0183*cos(tld-nm)+.0113*cos(tld+md)-.0093*cos(tls-ms)
+	     -.0066*cos(tls-nm);
+  /* convert to radians.
+   */
+  dpsi = dpsi/3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+  deps = deps/3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+  nutlo[1] = deps;
+  nutlo[0] = dpsi;
+  return OK;
+}
+
+static double bessel(double *v, int n, double t)
+{
+  int i, iy, k;
+  double ans, p, B, d[6];
+  if (t <= 0) {
+    ans = v[0]; 
+    goto done;
+  } 
+  if (t >= n - 1) {
+    ans = v[n - 1]; 
+    goto done;
+  }
+  p = floor(t);
+  iy = (int) t;
+  /* Zeroth order estimate is value at start of year */
+  ans = v[iy];
+  k = iy + 1;
+  if (k >= n)
+    goto done;
+  /* The fraction of tabulation interval */
+  p = t - p;
+  ans += p * (v[k] - v[iy]);
+  if( (iy - 1 < 0) || (iy + 2 >= n) )
+    goto done; /* can't do second differences */
+  /* Make table of first differences */
+  k = iy - 2;
+  for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+    if((k < 0) || (k + 1 >= n)) 
+      d[i] = 0;
+    else
+      d[i] = v[k+1] - v[k];
+    k += 1;
+  }
+  /* Compute second differences */
+  for (i = 0; i < 4; i++ )
+    d[i] = d[i+1] - d[i];
+  B = 0.25 * p * (p - 1.0);
+  ans += B * (d[1] + d[2]);
+#if DEMO
+  printf("B %.4lf, ans %.4lf\n", B, ans);
+#endif
+  if (iy + 2 >= n)
+    goto done;
+  /* Compute third differences */
+  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++ )
+    d[i] = d[i + 1] - d[i];
+  B = 2.0 * B / 3.0;
+  ans += (p - 0.5) * B * d[1];
+#if DEMO
+  printf("B %.4lf, ans %.4lf\n", B * (p - 0.5), ans);
+#endif
+  if ((iy - 2 < 0) || (iy + 3 > n))
+    goto done;
+  /* Compute fourth differences */
+  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+    d[i] = d[i + 1] - d[i];
+  B = 0.125 * B * (p + 1.0) * (p - 2.0);
+  ans += B * (d[0] + d[1]);
+#if DEMO
+  printf("B %.4lf, ans %.4lf\n", B, ans);
+#endif
+done:
+  return ans;
+}
+
+static int calc_nutation(double J, int32 iflag, double *nutlo)
+{
+  int n;
+  double dpsi, deps, J2;
+  int nut_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_NUT];
+  int jplhora_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE];
+  AS_BOOL is_jplhor = FALSE;
+  if (nut_model == 0) nut_model = SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT;
+  if (jplhora_model == 0) jplhora_model = SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT;
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR)
+    is_jplhor = TRUE;
+  if ((iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) && 
+      jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_3 
+      && J <= HORIZONS_TJD0_DPSI_DEPS_IAU1980)
+    is_jplhor = TRUE;
+  if (is_jplhor) {
+    calc_nutation_iau1980(J, nutlo);
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR) {
+      n = (int) (swed.eop_tjd_end - swed.eop_tjd_beg + 0.000001);
+      J2 = J;
+      if (J < swed.eop_tjd_beg_horizons)
+	J2 = swed.eop_tjd_beg_horizons;
+      dpsi = bessel(swed.dpsi, n + 1, J2 - swed.eop_tjd_beg);
+      deps = bessel(swed.deps, n + 1, J2 - swed.eop_tjd_beg);
+      nutlo[0] += dpsi / 3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+      nutlo[1] += deps / 3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+#if 0
+      printf("tjd=%f, dpsi=%f, deps=%f\n", J, dpsi * 1000, deps * 1000);
+#endif
+    } else {
+      nutlo[0] += DPSI_IAU1980_TJD0 / 3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+      nutlo[1] += DEPS_IAU1980_TJD0 / 3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+    }
+  } else if (nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_IAU_1980 || nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_IAU_CORR_1987) {
+    calc_nutation_iau1980(J, nutlo);
+  } else if (nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000A || nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000B) {
+    calc_nutation_iau2000ab(J, nutlo);
+    if ((iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) && jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_2) {
+      nutlo[0] += -41.7750 / 3600.0 / 1000.0 * DEGTORAD;
+      nutlo[1] += -6.8192 / 3600.0 / 1000.0 * DEGTORAD;
+    }
+  } else if (nut_model == SEMOD_NUT_WOOLARD) {
+    calc_nutation_woolard(J, nutlo);
+  }
+  return OK;
+}
+
+static double quadratic_intp(double ym, double y0, double yp, double x)
+{
+  double a, b, c, y;
+  c = y0;
+  b = (yp - ym) / 2.0;
+  a = (yp + ym) / 2.0 - c;
+  y = a * x * x + b * x + c;
+  return y;
+}
+
+int swi_nutation(double tjd, int32 iflag, double *nutlo)
+{
+  int retc = OK;
+  double dnut[2], dx;
+  if (!swed.do_interpolate_nut) {
+    retc = calc_nutation(tjd, iflag, nutlo);
+  // from interpolation, with three data points in 1-day steps;
+  // maximum error is about 3 mas
+  } else {
+    // precalculated data points available
+    if (tjd < swed.interpol.tjd_nut2 && tjd > swed.interpol.tjd_nut0) {
+      dx = (tjd - swed.interpol.tjd_nut0) - 1.0;
+      nutlo[0] = quadratic_intp(swed.interpol.nut_dpsi0, swed.interpol.nut_dpsi1, swed.interpol.nut_dpsi2, dx);
+      nutlo[1] = quadratic_intp(swed.interpol.nut_deps0, swed.interpol.nut_deps1, swed.interpol.nut_deps2, dx);
+    } else {
+      swed.interpol.tjd_nut0 = tjd - 1.0; // one day earlier
+      swed.interpol.tjd_nut2 = tjd + 1.0; // one day later
+      retc = calc_nutation(swed.interpol.tjd_nut0, iflag, dnut);
+      if (retc == ERR) return ERR;
+      swed.interpol.nut_dpsi0 = dnut[0];
+      swed.interpol.nut_deps0 = dnut[1];
+      retc = calc_nutation(swed.interpol.tjd_nut2, iflag, dnut);
+      if (retc == ERR) return ERR;
+      swed.interpol.nut_dpsi2 = dnut[0];
+      swed.interpol.nut_deps2 = dnut[1];
+      retc = calc_nutation(tjd, iflag, nutlo);
+      if (retc == ERR) return ERR;
+      swed.interpol.nut_dpsi1 = nutlo[0];
+      swed.interpol.nut_deps1 = nutlo[1];
+    }
+  }
+  return retc;
+}
+
+#define OFFSET_JPLHORIZONS (-52.3) 
+#define DCOR_RA_JPL_TJD0  2437846.5
+#define NDCOR_RA_JPL  51
+double dcor_ra_jpl[] = {
+-51.257, -51.103, -51.065, -51.503, -51.224, -50.796, -51.161, -51.181,
+-50.932, -51.064, -51.182, -51.386, -51.416, -51.428, -51.586, -51.766, -52.038, -52.370,
+-52.553, -52.397, -52.340, -52.676, -52.348, -51.964, -52.444, -52.364, -51.988, -52.212,
+-52.370, -52.523, -52.541, -52.496, -52.590, -52.629, -52.788, -53.014, -53.053, -52.902,
+-52.850, -53.087, -52.635, -52.185, -52.588, -52.292, -51.796, -51.961, -52.055, -52.134,
+-52.165, -52.141, -52.255,
+};
+
+static void swi_approx_jplhor(double *x, double tjd, int32 iflag, AS_BOOL backward) 
+{
+  double t0, t1;
+  double t = (tjd - DCOR_RA_JPL_TJD0) / 365.25;
+  double dofs = OFFSET_JPLHORIZONS;
+  int jplhora_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE];
+  if (jplhora_model == 0) jplhora_model = SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT;
+  if (!(iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX))
+    return;
+  if (jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_2)
+    return;
+  if (t < 0) {
+    t = 0;
+    dofs = dcor_ra_jpl[0];
+  } else if (t >= NDCOR_RA_JPL - 1) {
+    t = NDCOR_RA_JPL;
+    dofs = dcor_ra_jpl[NDCOR_RA_JPL - 1];
+  } else {
+    t0 = (int) t;
+    t1 = t0 + 1;
+    dofs = dcor_ra_jpl[(int)t0];
+    dofs = (t - t0) * (dcor_ra_jpl[(int)t0] - dcor_ra_jpl[(int)t1]) + dcor_ra_jpl[(int)t0];
+  }
+  dofs /= (1000.0 * 3600.0);
+  swi_cartpol(x, x);
+  if (backward) 
+    x[0] -= dofs * DEGTORAD;
+  else
+    x[0] += dofs * DEGTORAD;
+  swi_polcart(x, x);
+}
+
+/* GCRS to J2000 */
+void swi_bias(double *x, double tjd, int32 iflag, AS_BOOL backward)
+{
+#if 0
+  double DAS2R = 1.0 / 3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+  double dpsi_bias = -0.041775 * DAS2R;
+  double deps_bias = -0.0068192 * DAS2R;
+  double dra0 = -0.0146 * DAS2R;
+  double deps2000 = 84381.448 * DAS2R; 
+#endif
+  double xx[6], rb[3][3];
+  int i;
+  int bias_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_BIAS];
+  int jplhora_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE];
+  if (bias_model == 0) bias_model = SEMOD_BIAS_DEFAULT;
+  if (jplhora_model == 0) jplhora_model = SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT;
+  if (bias_model == SEMOD_BIAS_NONE)
+    return;
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) {
+    if (jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_2)
+      return;
+    if (jplhora_model == SEMOD_JPLHORA_3 && tjd < DPSI_DEPS_IAU1980_TJD0_HORIZONS)
+      return;
+  }
+/* #if FRAME_BIAS_IAU2006 * frame bias 2006 */
+  if (bias_model == SEMOD_BIAS_IAU2006) {
+    rb[0][0] = +0.99999999999999412;
+    rb[1][0] = -0.00000007078368961;
+    rb[2][0] = +0.00000008056213978;
+    rb[0][1] = +0.00000007078368695;
+    rb[1][1] = +0.99999999999999700;
+    rb[2][1] = +0.00000003306428553;
+    rb[0][2] = -0.00000008056214212;
+    rb[1][2] = -0.00000003306427981;
+    rb[2][2] = +0.99999999999999634;
+/* #else * frame bias 2000, makes no difference in result */
+  } else {
+    rb[0][0] = +0.9999999999999942;
+    rb[1][0] = -0.0000000707827974;
+    rb[2][0] = +0.0000000805621715;
+    rb[0][1] = +0.0000000707827948;
+    rb[1][1] = +0.9999999999999969;
+    rb[2][1] = +0.0000000330604145;
+    rb[0][2] = -0.0000000805621738;
+    rb[1][2] = -0.0000000330604088;
+    rb[2][2] = +0.9999999999999962;
+  }
+/*#endif*/
+#if 0
+rb[0][0] = +0.9999999999999968;
+rb[1][0] = +0.0000000000000000;
+rb[2][0] = +0.0000000805621715;
+rb[0][1] = -0.0000000000000027;
+rb[1][1] = +0.9999999999999994;
+rb[2][1] = +0.0000000330604145;
+rb[0][2] = -0.0000000805621715;
+rb[1][2] = -0.0000000330604145;
+rb[2][2] = +0.9999999999999962; 
+#endif
+  if (backward) {
+    swi_approx_jplhor(x, tjd, iflag, TRUE);
+    for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
+      xx[i] = x[0] * rb[i][0] +
+	      x[1] * rb[i][1] +
+	      x[2] * rb[i][2];
+      if (iflag & SEFLG_SPEED)
+	xx[i+3] = x[3] * rb[i][0] +
+	      x[4] * rb[i][1] +
+	      x[5] * rb[i][2];
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
+      xx[i] = x[0] * rb[0][i] +
+	      x[1] * rb[1][i] +
+	      x[2] * rb[2][i];
+      if (iflag & SEFLG_SPEED)
+	xx[i+3] = x[3] * rb[0][i] +
+	      x[4] * rb[1][i] +
+	      x[5] * rb[2][i];
+    }
+    swi_approx_jplhor(xx, tjd, iflag, FALSE);
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++) x[i] = xx[i];
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_SPEED)
+    for (i = 3; i <= 5; i++) x[i] = xx[i];
+}
+
+/* GCRS to FK5 */
+void swi_icrs2fk5(double *x, int32 iflag, AS_BOOL backward)
+{
+#if 0
+  double DAS2R = 1.0 / 3600.0 * DEGTORAD;
+  double dra0 = -0.0229 * DAS2R;
+  double dxi0 =  0.0091 * DAS2R;
+  double det0 = -0.0199 * DAS2R;
+#endif
+  double xx[6], rb[3][3];
+  int i;
+  rb[0][0] = +0.9999999999999928;
+  rb[0][1] = +0.0000001110223287;
+  rb[0][2] = +0.0000000441180557;
+  rb[1][0] = -0.0000001110223330; 
+  rb[1][1] = +0.9999999999999891;
+  rb[1][2] = +0.0000000964779176;
+  rb[2][0] = -0.0000000441180450;
+  rb[2][1] = -0.0000000964779225;
+  rb[2][2] = +0.9999999999999943;
+  if (backward) {
+    for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
+      xx[i] = x[0] * rb[i][0] +
+	      x[1] * rb[i][1] +
+	      x[2] * rb[i][2];
+      if (iflag & SEFLG_SPEED)
+	xx[i+3] = x[3] * rb[i][0] +
+	      x[4] * rb[i][1] +
+	      x[5] * rb[i][2];
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
+      xx[i] = x[0] * rb[0][i] +
+	      x[1] * rb[1][i] +
+	      x[2] * rb[2][i];
+      if (iflag & SEFLG_SPEED)
+	xx[i+3] = x[3] * rb[0][i] +
+	      x[4] * rb[1][i] +
+	      x[5] * rb[2][i];
+    }
+  }
+  for (i = 0; i <= 5; i++) x[i] = xx[i];
+}
+
+/* DeltaT = Ephemeris Time - Universal Time, in days.
+ * 
+ * Before 1955 we use the data developed by 
+ * Stephenson, Morrison, and Hohenkerk (2016),
+ *
+ * 1955 - today + a couple of years:
+ * ---------------------------------
+ * The tabulated values of deltaT from the Astronomical
+ * Alamanc (AA 1997 etc. pp. K8-K9) are used. Some 
+ * more recent values have been taken from IERS
+ * (http://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/deltat.data).
+ * Bessel's interpolation formula is implemented to obtain fourth 
+ * order interpolated values at intermediate times.
+ * The values are adjusted depending on the ephemeris used
+ * and its inherent value of secular tidal acceleration ndot.
+ *
+ * future:
+ * ---------------------------------
+ * For the time after the last tabulated value, we use the formula
+ * of Stephenson (1997; p. 507), with a modification that avoids a jump
+ * at the end of the tabulated period. A linear term is added that
+ * makes a slow transition from the table to the formula over a period
+ * of 100 years. (Need not be updated, when table will be enlarged.)
+ *
+ * References:
+ *
+ * Stephenson, F. R., and L. V. Morrison, "Long-term changes
+ * in the rotation of the Earth: 700 B.C. to A.D. 1980,"
+ * Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
+ * Series A 313, 47-70 (1984)
+ *
+ * Borkowski, K. M., "ELP2000-85 and the Dynamical Time
+ * - Universal Time relation," Astronomy and Astrophysics
+ * 205, L8-L10 (1988)
+ * Borkowski's formula is derived from partly doubtful eclipses 
+ * going back to 2137 BC and uses lunar position based on tidal 
+ * coefficient of -23.9 arcsec/cy^2.
+ *
+ * Chapront-Touze, Michelle, and Jean Chapront, _Lunar Tables
+ * and Programs from 4000 B.C. to A.D. 8000_, Willmann-Bell 1991
+ * Their table agrees with the one here, but the entries are
+ * rounded to the nearest whole second.
+ *
+ * Stephenson, F. R., and M. A. Houlden, _Atlas of Historical
+ * Eclipse Maps_, Cambridge U. Press (1986)
+ *
+ * Stephenson, F.R. & Morrison, L.V., "Long-Term Fluctuations in 
+ * the Earth's Rotation: 700 BC to AD 1990", Philosophical 
+ * Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 
+ * Ser. A, 351 (1995), 165-202. 
+ *
+ * Stephenson, F. Richard, _Historical Eclipses and Earth's 
+ * Rotation_, Cambridge U. Press (1997)
+ *
+ * Morrison, L. V., and F.R. Stephenson, "Historical Values of the Earth's 
+ * Clock Error DT and the Calculation of Eclipses", JHA xxxv (2004), 
+ * pp.327-336
+ *
+ * Stephenson, F.R., Morrison, L.V., and Hohenkerk, C.Y., "Measurement of the
+ * Earth's Rotation: 720 BC to AD 2015", Royal Society Proceedings A 
+ * 7 Dec 2016,
+ * http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/lookup/doi/10.1098/rspa.2016.0404
+ * 
+ * Table from AA for 1620 through today
+ * Note, Stephenson and Morrison's table starts at the year 1630.
+ * The Chapronts' table does not agree with the Almanac prior to 1630.
+ * The actual accuracy decreases rapidly prior to 1780.
+ *
+ * Jean Meeus, Astronomical Algorithms, 2nd edition, 1998.
+ * 
+ * For a comprehensive collection of publications and formulae, see:
+ * http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/deltat/deltat_modern.htm
+ * http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/deltat/deltat_old.htm
+ * 
+ * For future values of delta t, the following data from the 
+ * Earth Orientation Department of the US Naval Observatory can be used:
+ * (TAI-UTC) from: ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/tai-utc.dat
+ * (UT1-UTC) from: ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/finals.all (cols. 59-68)
+ *             or: ftp://ftp.iers.org/products/eop/rapid/standard/finals.data
+ * file description in: ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/readme.finals
+ * Delta T = TAI-UT1 + 32.184 sec = (TAI-UTC) - (UT1-UTC) + 32.184 sec
+ *
+ * Also, there is the following file: 
+ * http://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/deltat.data, but it is about 3 months
+ * behind (on 3 feb 2009); and predictions:
+ * http://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/deltat.preds
+ *
+ * Last update of table dt[]: Dieter Koch, 18 dec 2013.
+ * ATTENTION: Whenever updating this table, do not forget to adjust
+ * the macros TABEND and TABSIZ !
+ */
+#define TABSTART 	1620
+#define TABEND 		2028
+#define TABSIZ 		(TABEND-TABSTART+1) 
+/* we make the table greater for additional values read from external file */
+#define TABSIZ_SPACE 	(TABSIZ+100)
+static TLS double dt[TABSIZ_SPACE] = {
+/* 1620.0 - 1659.0 */
+124.00, 119.00, 115.00, 110.00, 106.00, 102.00, 98.00, 95.00, 91.00, 88.00,
+85.00, 82.00, 79.00, 77.00, 74.00, 72.00, 70.00, 67.00, 65.00, 63.00,
+62.00, 60.00, 58.00, 57.00, 55.00, 54.00, 53.00, 51.00, 50.00, 49.00,
+48.00, 47.00, 46.00, 45.00, 44.00, 43.00, 42.00, 41.00, 40.00, 38.00,
+/* 1660.0 - 1699.0 */
+37.00, 36.00, 35.00, 34.00, 33.00, 32.00, 31.00, 30.00, 28.00, 27.00,
+26.00, 25.00, 24.00, 23.00, 22.00, 21.00, 20.00, 19.00, 18.00, 17.00,
+16.00, 15.00, 14.00, 14.00, 13.00, 12.00, 12.00, 11.00, 11.00, 10.00,
+10.00, 10.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00,
+/* 1700.0 - 1739.0 */
+9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 9.00, 10.00, 10.00,
+10.00, 10.00, 10.00, 10.00, 10.00, 10.00, 10.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00,
+11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00,
+11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 11.00, 12.00, 12.00, 12.00, 12.00, 12.00, 12.00,
+/* 1740.0 - 1779.0 */
+12.00, 12.00, 12.00, 12.00, 13.00, 13.00, 13.00, 13.00, 13.00, 13.00,
+13.00, 14.00, 14.00, 14.00, 14.00, 14.00, 14.00, 14.00, 15.00, 15.00,
+15.00, 15.00, 15.00, 15.00, 15.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00,
+16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00,
+/* 1780.0 - 1799.0 */
+17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00, 17.00,
+17.00, 17.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 16.00, 15.00, 15.00, 14.00, 14.00,
+/* 1800.0 - 1819.0 */
+13.70, 13.40, 13.10, 12.90, 12.70, 12.60, 12.50, 12.50, 12.50, 12.50,
+12.50, 12.50, 12.50, 12.50, 12.50, 12.50, 12.50, 12.40, 12.30, 12.20,
+/* 1820.0 - 1859.0 */
+12.00, 11.70, 11.40, 11.10, 10.60, 10.20, 9.60, 9.10, 8.60, 8.00,
+7.50, 7.00, 6.60, 6.30, 6.00, 5.80, 5.70, 5.60, 5.60, 5.60,
+5.70, 5.80, 5.90, 6.10, 6.20, 6.30, 6.50, 6.60, 6.80, 6.90,
+7.10, 7.20, 7.30, 7.40, 7.50, 7.60, 7.70, 7.70, 7.80, 7.80,
+/* 1860.0 - 1899.0 */
+7.88, 7.82, 7.54, 6.97, 6.40, 6.02, 5.41, 4.10, 2.92, 1.82,
+1.61, .10, -1.02, -1.28, -2.69, -3.24, -3.64, -4.54, -4.71, -5.11,
+-5.40, -5.42, -5.20, -5.46, -5.46, -5.79, -5.63, -5.64, -5.80, -5.66,
+-5.87, -6.01, -6.19, -6.64, -6.44, -6.47, -6.09, -5.76, -4.66, -3.74,
+/* 1900.0 - 1939.0 */
+-2.72, -1.54, -.02, 1.24, 2.64, 3.86, 5.37, 6.14, 7.75, 9.13,
+10.46, 11.53, 13.36, 14.65, 16.01, 17.20, 18.24, 19.06, 20.25, 20.95,
+21.16, 22.25, 22.41, 23.03, 23.49, 23.62, 23.86, 24.49, 24.34, 24.08,
+24.02, 24.00, 23.87, 23.95, 23.86, 23.93, 23.73, 23.92, 23.96, 24.02,
+/* 1940.0 - 1949.0 */
+24.33, 24.83, 25.30, 25.70, 26.24, 26.77, 27.28, 27.78, 28.25, 28.71,
+/* 1950.0 - 1959.0 */
+29.15, 29.57, 29.97, 30.36, 30.72, 31.07, 31.35, 31.68, 32.18, 32.68,
+/* 1960.0 - 1969.0 */
+33.15, 33.59, 34.00, 34.47, 35.03, 35.73, 36.54, 37.43, 38.29, 39.20,
+/* 1970.0 - 1979.0 */
+/* from 1974 on values (with 4-digit precision) were calculated from IERS data */
+40.18, 41.17, 42.23, 43.37, 44.4841, 45.4761, 46.4567, 47.5214, 48.5344, 49.5862,
+/* 1980.0 - 1989.0 */
+50.5387, 51.3808, 52.1668, 52.9565, 53.7882, 54.3427, 54.8713, 55.3222, 55.8197, 56.3000,
+/* 1990.0 - 1999.0 */
+56.8553, 57.5653, 58.3092, 59.1218, 59.9845, 60.7854, 61.6287, 62.2951, 62.9659, 63.4673,
+/* 2000.0 - 2009.0 */
+63.8285, 64.0908, 64.2998, 64.4734, 64.5736, 64.6876, 64.8452, 65.1464, 65.4574, 65.7768,
+/* 2010.0 - 2018.0 */
+66.0699, 66.3246, 66.6030, 66.9069, 67.2810, 67.6439, 68.1024, 68.5927, 68.9676, 69.2202,
+/* 2020.0 - 2023.0        */
+69.3612, 69.3593, 69.2945, 69.1833, 
+/* Extrapolated values: 
+ * 2024 - 2028 */
+                                     69.10,   69.00,   68.90,   68.80,   68.80,
+};
+
+#define TAB2_SIZ	27
+#define TAB2_START	(-1000)
+#define TAB2_END	1600
+#define TAB2_STEP	100
+#define LTERM_EQUATION_YSTART	1820
+#define LTERM_EQUATION_COEFF	32
+/* Table for -1000 through 1600, from Morrison & Stephenson (2004).  */
+static const short dt2[TAB2_SIZ] = {
+/*-1000  -900  -800  -700  -600  -500  -400  -300  -200  -100*/
+25400,23700,22000,21000,19040,17190,15530,14080,12790,11640,
+/*    0   100   200   300   400   500   600   700   800   900*/
+10580, 9600, 8640, 7680, 6700, 5710, 4740, 3810, 2960, 2200,
+/* 1000  1100  1200  1300  1400  1500  1600,                 */
+ 1570, 1090,  740,  490,  320,  200,  120,  
+};
+
+/* Table for -500 through 1600, from Stephenson & Morrison (1995).
+ * 
+ * The first value for -550 has been added from Borkowski
+ * in order to make this table fit with the Borkowski formula
+ * for times before -550.
+ */
+#define TAB97_SIZ        43
+#define TAB97_START      (-500)
+#define TAB97_END        (1600)
+#define TAB97_STEP       (50)
+static const short dt97[TAB97_SIZ] = {
+/* -500  -450  -400  -350  -300  -250  -200  -150  -100   -50*/
+  16800,16000,15300,14600,14000,13400,12800,12200,11600,11100,
+/*    0    50   100   150   200   250   300   350   400   450*/
+  10600,10100, 9600, 9100, 8600, 8200, 7700, 7200, 6700, 6200,
+/*  500   550   600   650   700   750   800   850   900   950*/
+   5700, 5200, 4700, 4300, 3800, 3400, 3000, 2600, 2200, 1900,
+/* 1000  1050  1100  1150  1200  1250  1300  1350  1400  1450*/
+  1600, 1350, 1100,  900,  750,  600,  470,  380,  300,  230,
+/* 1500  1550  1600 */
+   180,  140,  110,
+};
+
+/* returns DeltaT (ET - UT) in days
+ * double tjd 	= 	julian day in UT
+ * delta t is adjusted to the tidal acceleration that is compatible 
+ * with the ephemeris flag contained in iflag and with the ephemeris
+ * files made accessible through swe_set_ephe_path() or swe_set_jplfile().
+ * If iflag = -1, then the default tidal acceleration is ussed (i.e.
+ * that of DE431).
+ */
+#define DEMO 0
+static int32 calc_deltat(double tjd, int32 iflag, double *deltat, char *serr)
+{
+  double ans = 0;
+  double B, Y, Ygreg, dd;
+  int iy;
+  int32 retc;
+  int deltat_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_DELTAT];
+  double tid_acc;
+  int32 denum, denumret;
+  int32 epheflag, otherflag;
+//fprintf(stderr, "dmod=%f, %.f\n", (double) deltat_model, (double) SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT);
+  if (deltat_model == 0) deltat_model = SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT;
+  epheflag = iflag & SEFLG_EPHMASK;
+  otherflag = iflag & ~SEFLG_EPHMASK;
+  /* with iflag == -1, we use default tid_acc */
+  if (iflag == -1) {
+    retc = swi_get_tid_acc(tjd, 0, 9999, &denumret, &tid_acc, serr); /* for default tid_acc */
+  /* otherwise we use tid_acc consistent with epheflag */
+  } else {
+    denum = swed.jpldenum;
+    if (epheflag & SEFLG_SWIEPH) denum = swed.fidat[SEI_FILE_MOON].sweph_denum;
+    if (swi_init_swed_if_start() == 1 && !(epheflag & SEFLG_MOSEPH)) {
+      if (serr != NULL) 
+	strcpy(serr, "Please call swe_set_ephe_path() or swe_set_jplfile() before calling swe_deltat_ex()");
+      retc = swi_set_tid_acc(tjd, epheflag, denum, NULL);  /* _set_ saves tid_acc in swed */
+    } else {
+      retc = swi_set_tid_acc(tjd, epheflag, denum, serr);  /* _set_ saves tid_acc in swed */
+    }
+    tid_acc = swed.tid_acc;
+  }
+  iflag = otherflag | retc;
+  Y = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.25;
+  Ygreg = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.2425;
+  /* Model for epochs before 1955, currently default in Swiss Ephemeris:
+   * Stephenson/Morrison/Hohenkerk 2016 
+   * (we switch over to Astronomical Almanac K8-K9 and IERS at 1 Jan. 1955. 
+   * To make the curve continuous we apply some linear term over 
+   * 1000 days before this date.)
+   * Delta T according to Stephenson/Morrison/Hohenkerk 2016 is based on
+   * ancient, medieval, and modern observations of eclipses and occultations.
+   * Values of Deltat T before 1955 depend on this kind of observations.
+   * For more recent data we want to use the data provided by IERS 
+   * (or Astronomical Almanac K8-K9).
+   */
+  if (deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_ETC_2016 && tjd < 2435108.5) { // tjd < 2432521.453645833) {
+    *deltat = deltat_stephenson_etc_2016(tjd, tid_acc);
+    if (tjd >= 2434108.5) {
+      *deltat += (1.0 - (2435108.5 - tjd) / 1000.0) * 0.6610218 / 86400.0;
+    }
+    return iflag;
+  }
+  /* Model used SE 1.77 - 2.05.01, for epochs before 1633:
+   * Polynomials by Espenak & Meeus 2006, 
+   * derived from Stephenson & Morrison 2004.
+   * deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_ESPENAK_MEEUS_2006: 
+   * This method is used only for epochs before 1633. (For more recent
+   * epochs, we use the data provided by Astronomical Almanac K8-K9.)
+   */
+  if (deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_ESPENAK_MEEUS_2006 && tjd < 2317746.13090277789) {
+    *deltat = deltat_espenak_meeus_1620(tjd, tid_acc);
+    return iflag;
+  }
+  /* delta t model used in SE 1.72 - 1.76:
+   * Stephenson & Morrison 2004;
+   * before 1620 */
+  if (deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_MORRISON_2004 && Y < TABSTART) {
+    // before 1600: 
+    if (Y < TAB2_END) {
+      *deltat = deltat_stephenson_morrison_2004_1600(tjd, tid_acc);
+      return iflag;
+    } else {
+      /* between 1600 and 1620:
+       * linear interpolation between 
+       * end of table dt2 and start of table dt */
+      if (Y >= TAB2_END) { 
+	B = TABSTART - TAB2_END;
+	iy = (TAB2_END - TAB2_START) / TAB2_STEP;
+	dd = (Y - TAB2_END) / B;
+	ans = dt2[iy] + dd * (dt[0] - dt2[iy]);
+	ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Ygreg, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+	*deltat = ans / 86400.0;
+	return iflag;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /* delta t model used in SE 1.64 - 1.71:
+   * Stephenson 1997;
+   * before 1620 */
+  if (deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_1997 && Y < TABSTART) {
+    // before 1600: 
+    if (Y < TAB97_END) {
+      *deltat = deltat_stephenson_morrison_1997_1600(tjd, tid_acc);
+      return iflag;
+    } else {
+      /* between 1600 and 1620:
+       * linear interpolation between 
+       * end of table dt2 and start of table dt */
+      if (Y >= TAB97_END) { 
+	B = TABSTART - TAB97_END;
+	iy = (TAB97_END - TAB97_START) / TAB97_STEP;
+	dd = (Y - TAB97_END) / B;
+	ans = dt97[iy] + dd * (dt[0] - dt97[iy]);
+	ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Ygreg, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+	*deltat = ans / 86400.0;
+	return iflag;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  /* delta t model used before SE 1.64: 
+   * Stephenson/Morrison 1984 with Borkowski 1988; 
+   * before 1620 */
+  if (deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_MORRISON_1984 && Y < TABSTART) {
+    if( Y >= 948.0 ) {
+      /* Stephenson and Morrison, stated domain is 948 to 1600:
+       * 25.5(centuries from 1800)^2 - 1.9159(centuries from 1955)^2 */
+      B = 0.01 * (Y - 2000.0);
+      ans = (23.58 * B + 100.3) * B + 101.6;
+    } else {
+      /* Borkowski, before 948 and between 1600 and 1620 */
+      B = 0.01 * (Y - 2000.0)  +  3.75;
+      ans = 35.0 * B * B  +  40.;
+    }
+    *deltat = ans / 86400.0;
+    return iflag;
+  }
+  /* 1620 - today + a few years (tabend):
+   * Tabulated values of deltaT from Astronomical Almanac 
+   * (AA 1997etc., pp. K8-K9) and from IERS  
+   * (http://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/deltat.data).
+   */
+  if (Y >= TABSTART) {
+    *deltat = deltat_aa(tjd, tid_acc);
+    return iflag;
+  }
+#ifdef TRACE
+  swi_open_trace(NULL);
+  if (swi_trace_count < TRACE_COUNT_MAX) {
+    if (swi_fp_trace_c != NULL) {
+      fputs("\n/*SWE_DELTAT*/\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  tjd = %.9f;", tjd);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  iflag = %d;", iflag);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, " t = swe_deltat_ex(tjd, iflag, NULL);\n");
+      fputs("  printf(\"swe_deltat: %f\\t%f\\t\\n\", ", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fputs("tjd, t);\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_c);
+    }
+    if (swi_fp_trace_out != NULL) {
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_out, "swe_deltat: %f\t%f\t\n", tjd, ans);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_out);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  *deltat = ans / 86400.0;
+  return iflag;
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_deltat_ex(double tjd, int32 iflag, char *serr)
+{
+  double deltat;
+  if (swed.delta_t_userdef_is_set)
+    return swed.delta_t_userdef;
+  if (serr != NULL)
+    *serr = '\0';
+  calc_deltat(tjd, iflag, &deltat, serr);
+  return deltat;
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_deltat(double tjd)
+{
+  int32 iflag = swi_guess_ephe_flag();
+  return swe_deltat_ex(tjd, iflag, NULL); /* with default tidal acceleration/default ephemeris */
+}
+
+/* The tabulated values of deltaT, in hundredths of a second,
+ * were taken from The Astronomical Almanac 1997etc., pp. K8-K9.  
+ * Some more recent values are taken from IERS
+ * http://maia.usno.navy.mil/ser7/deltat.data .
+ * Bessel's interpolation formula is implemented to obtain fourth 
+ * order interpolated values at intermediate times.
+ * The values are adjusted depending on the ephemeris used
+ * and its inherent value of secular tidal acceleration ndot.
+ * Note by Dieter Jan. 2017:
+ * Bessel interpolation assumes equidistant sampling points. However the
+ * sampling points are not equidistant, because they are for first January of
+ * every year and years can have either 365 or 366 days. The interpolation uses
+ * a step width of 365.25 days. As a consequence, in three out of four years
+ * the interpolation does not reproduce the exact values of the sampling points
+ * on the days they refer to.  */
+static double deltat_aa(double tjd, double tid_acc)
+{
+  double ans = 0, ans2 = 0, ans3;
+  double p, B, B2, Y, dd;
+  double d[6];
+  int i, iy, k;
+  /* read additional values from swedelta.txt */
+  int tabsiz = init_dt();
+  int tabend = TABSTART + tabsiz - 1;
+  int deltat_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_DELTAT];
+  if (deltat_model == 0) deltat_model = SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT;
+  Y = 2000.0 + (tjd - 2451544.5)/365.25;
+  if (Y <= tabend) {
+    /* Index into the table.
+     */
+    p = floor(Y);
+    iy = (int) (p - TABSTART);
+    /* Zeroth order estimate is value at start of year */
+    ans = dt[iy];
+    k = iy + 1;
+    if( k >= tabsiz )
+      goto done; /* No data, can't go on. */
+    /* The fraction of tabulation interval */
+    p = Y - p;
+    /* First order interpolated value */
+    ans += p*(dt[k] - dt[iy]);
+    if( (iy-1 < 0) || (iy+2 >= tabsiz) )
+      goto done; /* can't do second differences */
+    /* Make table of first differences */
+    k = iy - 2;
+    for( i=0; i<5; i++ ) {
+      if( (k < 0) || (k+1 >= tabsiz) ) 
+	d[i] = 0;
+      else
+	d[i] = dt[k+1] - dt[k];
+      k += 1;
+    }
+    /* Compute second differences */
+    for( i=0; i<4; i++ )
+      d[i] = d[i+1] - d[i];
+    B = 0.25*p*(p-1.0);
+    ans += B*(d[1] + d[2]);
+#if DEMO
+    printf( "B %.4lf, ans %.4lf\n", B, ans );
+#endif
+    if( iy+2 >= tabsiz )
+      goto done;
+    /* Compute third differences */
+    for( i=0; i<3; i++ )
+      d[i] = d[i+1] - d[i];
+    B = 2.0*B/3.0;
+    ans += (p-0.5)*B*d[1];
+#if DEMO
+    printf( "B %.4lf, ans %.4lf\n", B*(p-0.5), ans );
+#endif
+    if( (iy-2 < 0) || (iy+3 > tabsiz) )
+      goto done;
+    /* Compute fourth differences */
+    for( i=0; i<2; i++ )
+      d[i] = d[i+1] - d[i];
+    B = 0.125*B*(p+1.0)*(p-2.0);
+    ans += B*(d[0] + d[1]);
+#if DEMO
+    printf( "B %.4lf, ans %.4lf\n", B, ans );
+#endif
+    done:
+    ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+    return ans / 86400.0;
+  }
+  /* today - future: 
+   * 3rd degree polynomial based on data given by 
+   * Stephenson/Morrison/Hohenkerk 2016 here:
+   * http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/nao/lvm/
+   */
+  if (deltat_model == SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_ETC_2016) {
+    B = (Y - 2000);
+    if (Y < 2500) {
+      ans = B * B * B * 121.0 / 30000000.0 + B * B / 1250.0 + B * 521.0 / 3000.0 + 64.0;
+      /* for slow transition from tablulated data */
+      B2 = (tabend - 2000);
+      ans2 = B2 * B2 * B2 * 121.0 / 30000000.0 + B2 * B2 / 1250.0 + B2 * 521.0 / 3000.0 + 64.0;
+    /* we use a parable after 2500 */
+    } else {
+      B = 0.01 * (Y - 2000);
+      ans = B * B * 32.5 + 42.5;
+    }
+  /* 
+   * Formula Stephenson (1997; p. 507),
+   * with modification to avoid jump at end of AA table,
+   * similar to what Meeus 1998 had suggested.
+   * Slow transition within 100 years.
+   */
+  } else {
+    B = 0.01 * (Y - 1820);
+    ans = -20 + 31 * B * B;
+    /* for slow transition from tablulated data */
+    B2 = 0.01 * (tabend - 1820);
+    ans2 = -20 + 31 * B2 * B2;
+  }
+  /* slow transition from tabulated values to Stephenson formula: */
+  if (Y <= tabend+100) {
+    ans3 = dt[tabsiz-1];
+    dd = (ans2 - ans3);
+    ans += dd * (Y - (tabend + 100)) * 0.01;
+  }
+  return ans / 86400.0;
+}
+
+static double deltat_longterm_morrison_stephenson(double tjd)
+{
+double Ygreg =  2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.2425;
+double u = (Ygreg  - 1820) / 100.0;
+return (-20 + 32 * u * u);
+}
+
+static double deltat_stephenson_morrison_1997_1600(double tjd, double tid_acc)
+{
+  double ans = 0, ans2, ans3;
+  double p, B, Y, dd;
+  int iy;
+  Y = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.25;
+  /* before -500:
+   * formula by Stephenson (1997; p. 508) but adjusted to fit the starting
+   * point of table dt97 (Stephenson 1997). */
+  if( Y < TAB97_START ) {
+    B = (Y - 1735) * 0.01;
+    ans = -20 + 35 * B * B;
+    ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+    /* transition from formula to table over 100 years */
+    if (Y >= TAB97_START - 100) {
+      /* starting value of table dt97: */
+      ans2 = adjust_for_tidacc(dt97[0], TAB97_START, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+      /* value of formula at epoch TAB97_START */
+      B = (TAB97_START - 1735) * 0.01;
+      ans3 = -20 + 35 * B * B;
+      ans3 = adjust_for_tidacc(ans3, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+      dd = ans3 - ans2;
+      B = (Y - (TAB97_START - 100)) * 0.01;
+      /* fit to starting point of table dt97. */
+      ans = ans - dd * B;
+    }
+  }
+  /* between -500 and 1600:
+   * linear interpolation between values of table dt97 (Stephenson 1997) */
+  if (Y >= TAB97_START && Y < TAB2_END) {
+    p = floor(Y);
+    iy = (int) ((p - TAB97_START) / 50.0);
+    dd = (Y - (TAB97_START + 50 * iy)) / 50.0;
+    ans = dt97[iy] + (dt97[iy+1] - dt97[iy]) * dd;
+    /* correction for tidal acceleration used by our ephemeris */
+    ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+  }
+  ans /= 86400.0;
+  return ans;
+}
+
+/* Stephenson & Morrison (2004) */
+static double deltat_stephenson_morrison_2004_1600(double tjd, double tid_acc)
+{
+  double ans = 0, ans2, ans3;
+  double p, B, dd;
+  double tjd0;
+  int iy;
+  double Y = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.2425;
+  /* double Y = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.25;*/
+  /* before -1000:
+   * formula by Stephenson & Morrison (2004; p. 335) but adjusted to fit the 
+   * starting point of table dt2. */
+  if( Y < TAB2_START ) { // before -1000
+    ans = deltat_longterm_morrison_stephenson(tjd);
+    ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+    /* transition from formula to table over 100 years */
+    if (Y >= TAB2_START - 100) {
+      /* starting value of table dt2: */
+      ans2 = adjust_for_tidacc(dt2[0], TAB2_START, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+      /* value of formula at epoch TAB2_START */
+      /* B = (TAB2_START - LTERM_EQUATION_YSTART) * 0.01;
+      ans3 = -20 + LTERM_EQUATION_COEFF * B * B;*/
+      tjd0 = (TAB2_START - 2000) * 365.2425 + J2000;
+      ans3 = deltat_longterm_morrison_stephenson(tjd0);
+      ans3 = adjust_for_tidacc(ans3, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+      dd = ans3 - ans2;
+      B = (Y - (TAB2_START - 100)) * 0.01;
+      /* fit to starting point of table dt2. */
+      ans = ans - dd * B;
+    }
+  }
+  /* between -1000 and 1600: 
+   * linear interpolation between values of table dt2 (Stephenson & Morrison 2004) */
+  if (Y >= TAB2_START && Y < TAB2_END) { 
+    double Yjul = 2000 + (tjd - 2451557.5) / 365.25;
+    p = floor(Yjul);
+    iy = (int) ((p - TAB2_START) / TAB2_STEP);
+    dd = (Yjul - (TAB2_START + TAB2_STEP * iy)) / TAB2_STEP;
+    ans = dt2[iy] + (dt2[iy+1] - dt2[iy]) * dd;
+    /* correction for tidal acceleration used by our ephemeris */
+    ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Y, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+  }
+  ans /= 86400.0;
+  return ans;
+}
+
+/* 
+ * These coefficients represent the spline approximation discussed in the
+ * paper "Measurement of the Earth's Rotation: 720 BC to AD 2015",
+ * Stephenson, F.R., Morrison, L.V., and Hohenkerk, C.Y., published by
+ * Royal Society Proceedings A and available from their website at
+ * http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/lookup/doi/10.1098/rspa.2016.0404.
+ * Year numbers have been replaced by Julian day numbers by D. Koch.
+ */
+#define NDTCF16 54 
+double dtcf16[NDTCF16][6] =
+{
+/*00*/ {1458085.5, 1867156.5, 20550.593,-21268.478, 11863.418, -4541.129}, /* ybeg=-720, yend= 400 */
+/*01*/ {1867156.5, 2086302.5,  6604.404, -5981.266,  -505.093,  1349.609}, /* ybeg= 400, yend=1000 */
+/*02*/ {2086302.5, 2268923.5,  1467.654, -2452.187,  2460.927, -1183.759}, /* ybeg=1000, yend=1500 */
+/*03*/ {2268923.5, 2305447.5,   292.635,  -216.322,   -43.614,    56.681}, /* ybeg=1500, yend=1600 */
+/*04*/ {2305447.5, 2323710.5,    89.380,   -66.754,    31.607,   -10.497}, /* ybeg=1600, yend=1650 */
+/*05*/ {2323710.5, 2349276.5,    43.736,   -49.043,     0.227,    15.811}, /* ybeg=1650, yend=1720 */
+/*06*/ {2349276.5, 2378496.5,    10.730,    -1.321,    62.250,   -52.946}, /* ybeg=1720, yend=1800 */
+/*07*/ {2378496.5, 2382148.5,    18.714,    -4.457,    -1.509,     2.507}, /* ybeg=1800, yend=1810 */
+/*08*/ {2382148.5, 2385800.5,    15.255,     0.046,     6.012,    -4.634}, /* ybeg=1810, yend=1820 */
+/*09*/ {2385800.5, 2389453.5,    16.679,    -1.831,    -7.889,     3.799}, /* ybeg=1820, yend=1830 */
+/*10*/ {2389453.5, 2393105.5,    10.758,    -6.211,     3.509,    -0.388}, /* ybeg=1830, yend=1840 */
+/*11*/ {2393105.5, 2396758.5,     7.668,    -0.357,     2.345,    -0.338}, /* ybeg=1840, yend=1850 */
+/*12*/ {2396758.5, 2398584.5,     9.317,     1.659,     0.332,    -0.932}, /* ybeg=1850, yend=1855 */
+/*13*/ {2398584.5, 2400410.5,    10.376,    -0.472,    -2.463,     1.596}, /* ybeg=1855, yend=1860 */
+/*14*/ {2400410.5, 2402237.5,     9.038,    -0.610,     2.325,    -2.497}, /* ybeg=1860, yend=1865 */
+/*15*/ {2402237.5, 2404063.5,     8.256,    -3.450,    -5.166,     2.729}, /* ybeg=1865, yend=1870 */
+/*16*/ {2404063.5, 2405889.5,     2.369,    -5.596,     3.020,    -0.919}, /* ybeg=1870, yend=1875 */
+/*17*/ {2405889.5, 2407715.5,    -1.126,    -2.312,     0.264,    -0.037}, /* ybeg=1875, yend=1880 */
+/*18*/ {2407715.5, 2409542.5,    -3.211,    -1.894,     0.154,     0.562}, /* ybeg=1880, yend=1885 */
+/*19*/ {2409542.5, 2411368.5,    -4.388,     0.101,     1.841,    -1.438}, /* ybeg=1885, yend=1890 */
+/*20*/ {2411368.5, 2413194.5,    -3.884,    -0.531,    -2.473,     1.870}, /* ybeg=1890, yend=1895 */
+/*21*/ {2413194.5, 2415020.5,    -5.017,     0.134,     3.138,    -0.232}, /* ybeg=1895, yend=1900 */
+/*22*/ {2415020.5, 2416846.5,    -1.977,     5.715,     2.443,    -1.257}, /* ybeg=1900, yend=1905 */
+/*23*/ {2416846.5, 2418672.5,     4.923,     6.828,    -1.329,     0.720}, /* ybeg=1905, yend=1910 */
+/*24*/ {2418672.5, 2420498.5,    11.142,     6.330,     0.831,    -0.825}, /* ybeg=1910, yend=1915 */
+/*25*/ {2420498.5, 2422324.5,    17.479,     5.518,    -1.643,     0.262}, /* ybeg=1915, yend=1920 */
+/*26*/ {2422324.5, 2424151.5,    21.617,     3.020,    -0.856,     0.008}, /* ybeg=1920, yend=1925 */
+/*27*/ {2424151.5, 2425977.5,    23.789,     1.333,    -0.831,     0.127}, /* ybeg=1925, yend=1930 */
+/*28*/ {2425977.5, 2427803.5,    24.418,     0.052,    -0.449,     0.142}, /* ybeg=1930, yend=1935 */
+/*29*/ {2427803.5, 2429629.5,    24.164,    -0.419,    -0.022,     0.702}, /* ybeg=1935, yend=1940 */
+/*30*/ {2429629.5, 2431456.5,    24.426,     1.645,     2.086,    -1.106}, /* ybeg=1940, yend=1945 */
+/*31*/ {2431456.5, 2433282.5,    27.050,     2.499,    -1.232,     0.614}, /* ybeg=1945, yend=1950 */
+/*32*/ {2433282.5, 2434378.5,    28.932,     1.127,     0.220,    -0.277}, /* ybeg=1950, yend=1953 */
+/*33*/ {2434378.5, 2435473.5,    30.002,     0.737,    -0.610,     0.631}, /* ybeg=1953, yend=1956 */
+/*34*/ {2435473.5, 2436569.5,    30.760,     1.409,     1.282,    -0.799}, /* ybeg=1956, yend=1959 */
+/*35*/ {2436569.5, 2437665.5,    32.652,     1.577,    -1.115,     0.507}, /* ybeg=1959, yend=1962 */
+/*36*/ {2437665.5, 2438761.5,    33.621,     0.868,     0.406,     0.199}, /* ybeg=1962, yend=1965 */
+/*37*/ {2438761.5, 2439856.5,    35.093,     2.275,     1.002,    -0.414}, /* ybeg=1965, yend=1968 */
+/*38*/ {2439856.5, 2440952.5,    37.956,     3.035,    -0.242,     0.202}, /* ybeg=1968, yend=1971 */
+/*39*/ {2440952.5, 2442048.5,    40.951,     3.157,     0.364,    -0.229}, /* ybeg=1971, yend=1974 */
+/*40*/ {2442048.5, 2443144.5,    44.244,     3.198,    -0.323,     0.172}, /* ybeg=1974, yend=1977 */
+/*41*/ {2443144.5, 2444239.5,    47.291,     3.069,     0.193,    -0.192}, /* ybeg=1977, yend=1980 */
+/*42*/ {2444239.5, 2445335.5,    50.361,     2.878,    -0.384,     0.081}, /* ybeg=1980, yend=1983 */
+/*43*/ {2445335.5, 2446431.5,    52.936,     2.354,    -0.140,    -0.166}, /* ybeg=1983, yend=1986 */
+/*44*/ {2446431.5, 2447527.5,    54.984,     1.577,    -0.637,     0.448}, /* ybeg=1986, yend=1989 */
+/*45*/ {2447527.5, 2448622.5,    56.373,     1.649,     0.709,    -0.277}, /* ybeg=1989, yend=1992 */
+/*46*/ {2448622.5, 2449718.5,    58.453,     2.235,    -0.122,     0.111}, /* ybeg=1992, yend=1995 */
+/*47*/ {2449718.5, 2450814.5,    60.677,     2.324,     0.212,    -0.315}, /* ybeg=1995, yend=1998 */
+/*48*/ {2450814.5, 2451910.5,    62.899,     1.804,    -0.732,     0.112}, /* ybeg=1998, yend=2001 */
+/*49*/ {2451910.5, 2453005.5,    64.082,     0.675,    -0.396,     0.193}, /* ybeg=2001, yend=2004 */
+/*50*/ {2453005.5, 2454101.5,    64.555,     0.463,     0.184,    -0.008}, /* ybeg=2004, yend=2007 */
+/*51*/ {2454101.5, 2455197.5,    65.194,     0.809,     0.161,    -0.101}, /* ybeg=2007, yend=2010 */
+/*52*/ {2455197.5, 2456293.5,    66.063,     0.828,    -0.142,     0.168}, /* ybeg=2010, yend=2013 */
+/*53*/ {2456293.5, 2457388.5,    66.917,     1.046,     0.360,    -0.282}, /* ybeg=2013, yend=2016 */
+};
+static double deltat_stephenson_etc_2016(double tjd, double tid_acc)
+{
+  double t, dt, Ygreg;
+  int i, irec = -1;
+  Ygreg = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.2425;
+  // after the year -720 get value from spline curve
+  for (i = 0; i < NDTCF16; i++) {
+    if (tjd < dtcf16[i][0]) break;
+    if (tjd < dtcf16[i][1]) {
+      irec = i;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  if (irec >= 0) {
+    t = (tjd - dtcf16[irec][0]) / (dtcf16[irec][1] - dtcf16[irec][0]);
+    dt = dtcf16[irec][2] + dtcf16[irec][3] * t + dtcf16[irec][4] * t * t + dtcf16[irec][5] * t * t * t;
+  // for earlier epochs, use long term parabola
+  } else if (Ygreg < -720) {
+    t = (Ygreg - 1825) / 100.0;
+    dt = -320 + 32.5 * t * t;
+    dt -= 179.7337208; // to make curve continous on 1 Jan -720 (D. Koch)
+  // future
+  } else {
+    t = (Ygreg - 1825) / 100.0;
+    dt = -320 + 32.5 * t * t;
+    dt += 269.4790417; // to make curve continous on 1 Jan 2016 (D. Koch)
+  }
+  /* The parameter adjust_after_1955 must be TRUE here, because the 
+   * Stephenson 2016 curve is based on occultation data alone, 
+   * not on IERS data.
+   * Note, however, the current function deltat_stephenson_etc_2016()
+   * is called only for dates before 1 Jan 1955. */
+  dt = adjust_for_tidacc(dt, Ygreg, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_STEPHENSON_2016, TRUE);
+  dt /= 86400.0;
+  return dt;
+}
+
+static double deltat_espenak_meeus_1620(double tjd, double tid_acc)
+{
+  double ans = 0;
+  double Ygreg;
+  double u;
+  /* double Y = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.25;*/
+  Ygreg = 2000.0 + (tjd - J2000)/365.2425;
+  if (Ygreg < -500) {
+    ans = deltat_longterm_morrison_stephenson(tjd);
+  } else if (Ygreg < 500) {
+    u = Ygreg / 100.0;
+    ans = (((((0.0090316521 * u + 0.022174192) * u - 0.1798452) * u - 5.952053) * u+ 33.78311) * u - 1014.41) * u + 10583.6;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1600) {
+    u = (Ygreg - 1000) / 100.0;
+    ans = (((((0.0083572073 * u - 0.005050998) * u - 0.8503463) * u + 0.319781) * u + 71.23472) * u - 556.01) * u + 1574.2;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1700) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1600;
+    ans = 120 - 0.9808 * u - 0.01532 * u * u + u * u * u / 7129.0;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1800) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1700;
+    ans = (((-u / 1174000.0 + 0.00013336) * u - 0.0059285) * u + 0.1603) * u + 8.83;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1860) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1800;
+    ans = ((((((0.000000000875 * u - 0.0000001699) * u + 0.0000121272) * u - 0.00037436) * u + 0.0041116) * u + 0.0068612) * u - 0.332447) * u + 13.72;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1900) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1860;
+    ans = ((((u / 233174.0 - 0.0004473624) * u + 0.01680668) * u - 0.251754) * u + 0.5737) * u + 7.62;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1920) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1900;
+    ans = (((-0.000197 * u + 0.0061966) * u - 0.0598939) * u + 1.494119) * u -2.79;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1941) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1920;
+    ans = 21.20 + 0.84493 * u - 0.076100 * u * u + 0.0020936 * u * u * u;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1961) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1950;
+    ans = 29.07 + 0.407 * u - u * u / 233.0 + u * u * u / 2547.0;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 1986) {
+    u = Ygreg - 1975;
+    ans = 45.45 + 1.067 * u - u * u / 260.0 - u * u * u / 718.0;
+  } else if (Ygreg < 2005) {
+    u = Ygreg - 2000;
+    ans = ((((0.00002373599 * u + 0.000651814) * u + 0.0017275) * u - 0.060374) * u + 0.3345) * u + 63.86;
+  }
+  ans = adjust_for_tidacc(ans, Ygreg, tid_acc, SE_TIDAL_26, FALSE);
+  ans /= 86400.0;
+  return ans;
+}
+
+/* Read delta t values from external file.
+* record structure: year(whitespace)delta_t in 0.01 sec.
+*/
+static int init_dt(void)
+{
+FILE *fp;
+int year;
+int tab_index;
+int tabsiz;
+int i;
+char s[AS_MAXCH];
+char *sp;
+if (!swed.init_dt_done) {
+  swed.init_dt_done = TRUE;
+  /* no error message if file is missing */
+  if ((fp = swi_fopen(-1, "swe_deltat.txt", swed.ephepath, NULL)) == NULL
+    && (fp = swi_fopen(-1, "sedeltat.txt", swed.ephepath, NULL)) == NULL)
+    return TABSIZ; 
+  while(fgets(s, AS_MAXCH, fp) != NULL) {
+    sp = s;
+    while (strchr(" \t", *sp) != NULL && *sp != '\0') 
+      sp++;	/* was *sp++  fixed by Alois 2-jul-2003 */
+    if (*sp == '#' || *sp == '\n')
+      continue;
+    year = atoi(s);
+    tab_index = year - TABSTART;
+    /* table space is limited. no error msg, if exceeded */
+    if (tab_index >= TABSIZ_SPACE)
+      continue; 
+    sp += 4;
+    while (strchr(" \t", *sp) != NULL && *sp != '\0')
+      sp++;	/* was *sp++  fixed by Alois 2-jul-2003 */
+    /*dt[tab_index] = (short) (atof(sp) * 100 + 0.5);*/
+    dt[tab_index] = atof(sp);
+  }
+  fclose(fp);
+}
+/* find table size */
+tabsiz = 2001 - TABSTART + 1;
+for (i = tabsiz - 1; i < TABSIZ_SPACE; i++) {
+  if (dt[i] == 0) 
+    break;
+  else
+    tabsiz++;
+}
+tabsiz--;
+return tabsiz;
+}
+
+/* Astronomical Almanac table is corrected by adding the expression
+ *     -0.000091 (ndot + 26)(year-1955)^2  seconds
+ * to entries prior to 1955 (AA page K8), where ndot is the secular
+ * tidal term in the mean motion of the Moon.
+ *
+ * Entries after 1955 are referred to atomic time standards and
+ * are not affected by errors in Lunar or planetary theory.
+ */
+static double adjust_for_tidacc(double ans, double Y, double tid_acc, double tid_acc0, AS_BOOL adjust_after_1955)
+{
+  double B;
+  if( Y < 1955.0 || adjust_after_1955) {
+    B = (Y - 1955.0);
+    ans += -0.000091 * (tid_acc - tid_acc0) * B * B;
+  }
+  return ans;
+}
+
+/* returns tidal acceleration used in swe_deltat() and swe_deltat_ex() */
+double CALL_CONV swe_get_tid_acc()
+{
+  return swed.tid_acc;
+}
+
+/* function sets tidal acceleration of the Moon.
+ * t_acc can be either
+ * - the value of the tidal acceleration in arcsec/cty^2
+ *   of the Moon will be set consistent with that ephemeris.
+ * - SE_TIDAL_AUTOMATIC, 
+ */
+void CALL_CONV swe_set_tid_acc(double t_acc)
+{
+  if (t_acc == SE_TIDAL_AUTOMATIC) {
+    swed.tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DEFAULT;
+    swed.is_tid_acc_manual = FALSE;
+    return;
+  }
+  swed.tid_acc = t_acc;
+  swed.is_tid_acc_manual = TRUE;
+}
+
+void CALL_CONV swe_set_delta_t_userdef(double dt)
+{
+  if (dt == SE_DELTAT_AUTOMATIC) {
+    swed.delta_t_userdef_is_set = FALSE; 
+  } else {
+    swed.delta_t_userdef_is_set = TRUE;
+    swed.delta_t_userdef = dt;
+  }
+}
+
+int32 swi_guess_ephe_flag()
+{
+  int32 iflag = SEFLG_SWIEPH;
+  /* if jpl file is open, assume SEFLG_JPLEPH */
+  if (swed.jpl_file_is_open) {
+    iflag = SEFLG_JPLEPH;
+  } else {
+    iflag = SEFLG_SWIEPH;
+  }
+  return iflag;
+}
+
+int32 swi_get_tid_acc(double tjd_ut, int32 iflag, int32 denum, int32 *denumret, double *tid_acc, char *serr)
+{
+  iflag &= SEFLG_EPHMASK;
+  if (swed.is_tid_acc_manual) {
+    *tid_acc = swed.tid_acc;
+    return iflag;
+  }
+  if (denum == 0) {
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_MOSEPH) {
+      *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE404;
+      *denumret = 404;
+      return iflag;
+    }
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLEPH) {
+      if (swed.jpl_file_is_open) {
+	denum = swed.jpldenum;
+      }
+    }
+    /* SEFLG_SWIEPH wanted or SEFLG_JPLEPH failed: */
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_SWIEPH) {
+      if (swed.fidat[SEI_FILE_MOON].fptr != NULL) {
+	denum = swed.fidat[SEI_FILE_MOON].sweph_denum;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  switch(denum) {
+    case 200: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE200; break;
+    case 403: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE403; break;
+    case 404: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE404; break;
+    case 405: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE405; break;
+    case 406: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE406; break;
+    case 421: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE421; break;
+    case 422: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE422; break;
+    case 430: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE430; break;
+    case 431: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE431; break;
+    case 440: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE441; break;
+    case 441: *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DE441; break;
+    default: denum = SE_DE_NUMBER; *tid_acc = SE_TIDAL_DEFAULT; break;
+  }
+  *denumret = denum;
+  iflag &= SEFLG_EPHMASK;
+  return iflag;
+}
+
+int32 swi_set_tid_acc(double tjd_ut, int32 iflag, int32 denum, char *serr)
+{
+  int32 retc = iflag;
+  int32 denumret;
+  /* manual tid_acc overrides automatic tid_acc */
+  if (swed.is_tid_acc_manual)
+    return retc;
+  retc = swi_get_tid_acc(tjd_ut, iflag, denum, &denumret, &(swed.tid_acc), serr);
+#if TRACE
+  swi_open_trace(NULL);
+  if (swi_trace_count < TRACE_COUNT_MAX) {
+    if (swi_fp_trace_c != NULL) {
+      fputs("\n/*SWE_SET_TID_ACC*/\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  t = %.9f;\n", swed.tid_acc);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  swe_set_tid_acc(t);\n");
+      fputs("  printf(\"swe_set_tid_acc: %f\\t\\n\", ", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fputs("t);\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_c);
+    }
+    if (swi_fp_trace_out != NULL) {
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_out, "swe_set_tid_acc: %f\t\n", swed.tid_acc);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_out);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  return retc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The time range of DE431 requires a new calculation of sidereal time that 
+ * gives sensible results for the remote past and future.
+ * The algorithm is based on the formula of the mean earth by Simon & alii,
+ * "Precession formulae and mean elements for the Moon and the Planets",
+ * A&A 282 (1994), p. 675/678.
+ * The longitude of the mean earth relative to the mean equinox J2000
+ * is calculated and then precessed to the equinox of date, using the
+ * default precession model of the Swiss Ephmeris. Afte that,
+ * sidereal time is derived.
+ * The algoritm provides exact agreement for epoch 1 Jan. 2003 with the 
+ * definition of sidereal time as given in the IERS Convention 2010.
+ */
+/*#define SIDT_LTERM   TRUE
+#if SIDT_LTERM*/
+static double sidtime_long_term(double tjd_ut, double eps, double nut)
+{
+  double tsid = 0, tjd_et;
+  double dlon, xs[6], xobl[6], dhour, nutlo[2];
+  double dlt = AUNIT / CLIGHT / 86400.0;
+  double t, t2, t3;
+  tjd_et = tjd_ut + swe_deltat_ex(tjd_ut, -1, NULL);
+  t = (tjd_et - J2000) / 365250.0;
+  t2 = t * t; t3 = t * t2;
+  /* mean longitude of earth J2000 */
+  dlon = 100.46645683 + (1295977422.83429 * t - 2.04411 * t2 - 0.00523 * t3) / 3600.0;
+  /* light time sun-earth */
+  dlon = swe_degnorm(dlon - dlt * 360.0 / 365.2425);
+  xs[0] = dlon * DEGTORAD; xs[1] = 0; xs[2] = 1;
+  /* to mean equator J2000, cartesian */
+  xobl[0] = 23.45; xobl[1] = 23.45;
+  xobl[1] = swi_epsiln(J2000 + swe_deltat_ex(J2000, -1, NULL), 0) * RADTODEG;
+  swi_polcart(xs, xs);
+  swi_coortrf(xs, xs, -xobl[1] * DEGTORAD);
+  /* precess to mean equinox of date */
+  swi_precess(xs, tjd_et, 0, -1);
+  /* to mean equinox of date */
+  xobl[1] = swi_epsiln(tjd_et, 0) * RADTODEG;
+  swi_nutation(tjd_et, 0, nutlo);
+  xobl[0] = xobl[1] + nutlo[1] * RADTODEG;
+  xobl[2] = nutlo[0] * RADTODEG;
+  swi_coortrf(xs, xs, xobl[1] * DEGTORAD);
+  swi_cartpol(xs, xs);
+  xs[0] *= RADTODEG;
+  dhour = fmod(tjd_ut - 0.5, 1) * 360;
+  /* mean to true (if nut != 0) */ 
+  if (eps == 0)
+    xs[0] += xobl[2] * cos(xobl[0] * DEGTORAD);
+  else
+    xs[0] += nut * cos(eps * DEGTORAD);
+  /* add hour */
+  xs[0] = swe_degnorm(xs[0] + dhour);
+  tsid = xs[0] / 15;
+  return tsid;
+}
+/*#endif*/
+
+/* Apparent Sidereal Time at Greenwich with equation of the equinoxes
+ *  ERA-based expression for for Greenwich Sidereal Time (GST) based 
+ *  on the IAU 2006 precession and IAU 2000A_R06 nutation 
+ *  ftp://maia.usno.navy.mil/conv2010/chapter5/tab5.2e.txt
+ *
+ * returns sidereal time in hours.
+ *
+ * program returns sidereal hours since sidereal midnight 
+ * tjd 		julian day UT
+ * eps 		obliquity of ecliptic, degrees 
+ * nut 		nutation, degrees 
+ */
+/*  C'_{s,j})_i     C'_{c,j})_i */
+#define SIDTNTERM 33
+static const double stcf[SIDTNTERM * 2] = {
+2640.96,-0.39,
+63.52,-0.02,
+11.75,0.01,
+11.21,0.01,
+-4.55,0.00,
+2.02,0.00,
+1.98,0.00,
+-1.72,0.00,
+-1.41,-0.01,
+-1.26,-0.01,
+-0.63,0.00,
+-0.63,0.00,
+0.46,0.00,
+0.45,0.00,
+0.36,0.00,
+-0.24,-0.12,
+0.32,0.00,
+0.28,0.00,
+0.27,0.00,
+0.26,0.00,
+-0.21,0.00,
+0.19,0.00,
+0.18,0.00,
+-0.10,0.05,
+0.15,0.00,
+-0.14,0.00,
+0.14,0.00,
+-0.14,0.00,
+0.14,0.00,
+0.13,0.00,
+-0.11,0.00,
+0.11,0.00,
+0.11,0.00,
+};
+#define SIDTNARG 14
+/* l    l'   F    D   Om   L_Me L_Ve L_E  L_Ma L_J  L_Sa L_U  L_Ne p_A*/
+static const int stfarg[SIDTNTERM * SIDTNARG] = {
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,  -2,   3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,  -2,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,  -2,   2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,   0,   3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,   0,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,   0,   0,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,   0,   0,  -1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,   0,   0,  -1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,   0,   0,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,   2,  -2,   3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,   2,  -2,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   4,  -4,   4,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   1,  -1,   1,   0,  -8,  12,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,   0,   2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,   2,   0,   3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,   2,   0,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,  -2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,  -2,   2,  -3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,  -2,   2,  -1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   8, -13,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  -1,
+   0,   0,   0,   2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   2,   0,  -2,   0,  -1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,   0,  -2,   1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   1,   2,  -2,   2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,   0,  -2,  -1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   4,  -2,   4,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   0,   0,   2,  -2,   4,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,  -2,   0,  -3,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+   1,   0,  -2,   0,  -1,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+};
+static double sidtime_non_polynomial_part(double tt)
+{
+  int i, j;
+  double delm[SIDTNARG];
+  double dadd, darg;
+  /* L Mean anomaly of the Moon.*/
+  delm[0] = swe_radnorm(2.35555598 + 8328.6914269554 * tt);
+  /* LSU Mean anomaly of the Sun.*/
+  delm[1] = swe_radnorm(6.24006013 + 628.301955 * tt);
+  /* F Mean argument of the latitude of the Moon. */
+  delm[2] = swe_radnorm(1.627905234 + 8433.466158131 * tt);
+  /* D Mean elongation of the Moon from the Sun. */
+  delm[3] = swe_radnorm(5.198466741 + 7771.3771468121 * tt);
+  /* OM Mean longitude of the ascending node of the Moon. */
+  delm[4] = swe_radnorm(2.18243920 - 33.757045 * tt);
+  /* Planetary longitudes, Mercury through Neptune (Souchay et al. 1999). 
+   * LME, LVE, LEA, LMA, LJU, LSA, LUR, LNE */
+  delm[5] = swe_radnorm(4.402608842 + 2608.7903141574 * tt);
+  delm[6] = swe_radnorm(3.176146697 + 1021.3285546211 * tt);
+  delm[7] = swe_radnorm(1.753470314 +  628.3075849991 * tt);
+  delm[8] = swe_radnorm(6.203480913 +  334.0612426700 * tt);
+  delm[9] = swe_radnorm(0.599546497 +   52.9690962641 * tt);
+  delm[10] = swe_radnorm(0.874016757 +   21.3299104960 * tt);
+  delm[11] = swe_radnorm(5.481293871 +    7.4781598567 * tt);
+  delm[12] = swe_radnorm(5.321159000 +    3.8127774000 * tt);
+  /* PA General accumulated precession in longitude. */
+  delm[13] = (0.02438175 + 0.00000538691 * tt) * tt;
+  dadd = -0.87 * sin(delm[4]) * tt;
+  for (i = 0; i < SIDTNTERM; i++) {
+    darg = 0;
+    for (j = 0; j < SIDTNARG; j++) {
+      darg += stfarg[i * SIDTNARG + j] * delm[j];
+    }
+    dadd += stcf[i * 2] * sin(darg) + stcf[i * 2 + 1] * cos(darg);
+  }
+  dadd /= (3600.0 * 1000000.0);
+  return dadd;
+}
+
+/*
+ * SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_2006 
+ * N. Capitaine, P.T. Wallace, and J. Chapront, "Expressions for IAU 2000
+ * precession quantities", 2003, A&A 412, 567-586 (2003), p. 582.
+ * This is a "short" term model, that can be combined with other models
+ */
+/*#define SIDT_IERS_CONV_2010 TRUE*/
+/* sidtime_long_term() is not used between the following two dates */
+#define SIDT_LTERM_T0  2396758.5  /* 1 Jan 1850  */
+#define SIDT_LTERM_T1  2469807.5  /* 1 Jan 2050  */
+#define SIDT_LTERM_OFS0   (0.000378172 / 15.0)
+#define SIDT_LTERM_OFS1   (0.001385646 / 15.0)
+double CALL_CONV swe_sidtime0(double tjd, double eps, double nut)
+{
+  double jd0;    	/* Julian day at midnight Universal Time */
+  double secs;   	/* Time of day, UT seconds since UT midnight */
+  double eqeq, jd, tu, tt, msday, jdrel;
+  double gmst, dadd;
+  int prec_model_short = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_PREC_SHORTTERM];
+  int sidt_model = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_SIDT];
+  if (prec_model_short == 0) prec_model_short = SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT_SHORT;
+  if (sidt_model == 0) sidt_model = SEMOD_SIDT_DEFAULT;
+  swi_init_swed_if_start();
+  if (sidt_model == SEMOD_SIDT_LONGTERM) {
+    if (tjd <= SIDT_LTERM_T0 || tjd >= SIDT_LTERM_T1) {
+      gmst = sidtime_long_term(tjd, eps, nut);
+      if (tjd <= SIDT_LTERM_T0)
+	gmst -= SIDT_LTERM_OFS0;
+      else if (tjd >= SIDT_LTERM_T1)
+	gmst -= SIDT_LTERM_OFS1;
+      if (gmst >= 24) gmst -= 24;
+      if (gmst < 0) gmst += 24;
+      goto sidtime_done;
+    }
+  }
+  /* Julian day at given UT */
+  jd = tjd;
+  jd0 = floor(jd);
+  secs = tjd - jd0;
+  if( secs < 0.5 ) {
+    jd0 -= 0.5;
+    secs += 0.5;
+  } else {
+    jd0 += 0.5;
+    secs -= 0.5;
+  }
+  secs *= 86400.0;
+  tu = (jd0 - J2000)/36525.0; /* UT1 in centuries after J2000 */
+  if (sidt_model == SEMOD_SIDT_IERS_CONV_2010 || sidt_model == SEMOD_SIDT_LONGTERM) {
+    /*  ERA-based expression for Greenwich Sidereal Time (GST) based 
+     *  on the IAU 2006 precession */
+    jdrel = tjd - J2000;
+    tt = (tjd + swe_deltat_ex(tjd, -1, NULL) - J2000) / 36525.0;
+    gmst = swe_degnorm((0.7790572732640 + 1.00273781191135448 * jdrel) * 360);
+    gmst += (0.014506 + tt * (4612.156534 +  tt * (1.3915817 + tt * (-0.00000044 + tt * (-0.000029956 + tt * -0.0000000368))))) / 3600.0;
+    dadd = sidtime_non_polynomial_part(tt);
+    gmst = swe_degnorm(gmst + dadd);
+    /*printf("gmst iers=%f \n", gmst);*/
+    gmst = gmst / 15.0 * 3600.0;
+  /* sidt_model == SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_2006, older standards according to precession model */
+  } else if (sidt_model == SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_2006) {
+    tt = (jd0 + swe_deltat_ex(jd0, -1, NULL) - J2000)/36525.0; /* TT in centuries after J2000 */
+    gmst = (((-0.000000002454*tt - 0.00000199708)*tt - 0.0000002926)*tt + 0.092772110)*tt*tt + 307.4771013*(tt-tu) + 8640184.79447825*tu + 24110.5493771;
+    /* mean solar days per sidereal day at date tu;
+     * for the derivative of gmst, we can assume UT1 =~ TT */
+    msday = 1 + ((((-0.000000012270*tt - 0.00000798832)*tt - 0.0000008778)*tt + 0.185544220)*tt + 8640184.79447825)/(86400.*36525.);
+    gmst += msday * secs;
+  /* SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_1976 */
+  } else {  /* IAU 1976 formula */
+      /* Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time at 0h UT of date */
+    gmst = (( -6.2e-6*tu + 9.3104e-2)*tu + 8640184.812866)*tu + 24110.54841;
+    /* mean solar days per sidereal day at date tu, = 1.00273790934 in 1986 */
+    msday = 1.0 + ((-1.86e-5*tu + 0.186208)*tu + 8640184.812866)/(86400.*36525.);
+    gmst += msday * secs;
+  }
+  /* Local apparent sidereal time at given UT at Greenwich */
+  eqeq = 240.0 * nut * cos(eps * DEGTORAD);
+  gmst = gmst + eqeq  /* + 240.0*tlong */;
+  /* Sidereal seconds modulo 1 sidereal day */
+  gmst = gmst - 86400.0 * floor( gmst/86400.0 );
+  /* return in hours */
+  gmst /= 3600;
+  goto sidtime_done;
+sidtime_done:
+#ifdef TRACE
+  swi_open_trace(NULL);
+  if (swi_trace_count < TRACE_COUNT_MAX) {
+    if (swi_fp_trace_c != NULL) {
+      fputs("\n/*SWE_SIDTIME0*/\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  tjd = %.9f;", tjd);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  eps = %.9f;", eps);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  nut = %.9f;\n", nut);
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "  t = swe_sidtime0(tjd, eps, nut);\n");
+      fputs("  printf(\"swe_sidtime0: %f\\tsidt = %f\\teps = %f\\tnut = %f\\t\\n\", ", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fputs("tjd, t, eps, nut);\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_c);
+    }
+    if (swi_fp_trace_out != NULL) {
+      fprintf(swi_fp_trace_out, "swe_sidtime0: %f\tsidt = %f\teps = %f\tnut = %f\t\n", tjd, gmst, eps, nut);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_out);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  return gmst;
+}
+
+void CALL_CONV swe_set_interpolate_nut(AS_BOOL do_interpolate)
+{
+  if (swed.do_interpolate_nut == do_interpolate)
+    return;
+  if (do_interpolate) 
+    swed.do_interpolate_nut = TRUE;
+  else
+    swed.do_interpolate_nut = FALSE;
+  swed.interpol.tjd_nut0 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.tjd_nut2 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.nut_dpsi0 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.nut_dpsi1 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.nut_dpsi2 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.nut_deps0 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.nut_deps1 = 0;
+  swed.interpol.nut_deps2 = 0;
+}
+
+/* sidereal time, without eps and nut as parameters.
+ * tjd must be UT !!!
+ * for more informsation, see comment with swe_sidtime0()
+ */
+double CALL_CONV swe_sidtime(double tjd_ut)
+{
+  int i;
+  double eps, nutlo[2], tsid;
+  double tjde;
+  /* delta t adjusted to default tidal acceleration of the moon */
+  tjde = tjd_ut + swe_deltat_ex(tjd_ut, -1, NULL); 
+  swi_init_swed_if_start();
+  eps = swi_epsiln(tjde, 0) * RADTODEG;
+  swi_nutation(tjde, 0, nutlo);
+  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+    nutlo[i] *= RADTODEG;
+  tsid = swe_sidtime0(tjd_ut, eps + nutlo[1], nutlo[0]);
+  return tsid;
+}
+
+/* SWISSEPH
+ * generates name of ephemeris file
+ * file name looks as follows:
+ * swephpl.m30, where
+ *
+ * "sweph"              	"swiss ephemeris"
+ * "pl","mo","as"               planet, moon, or asteroid 
+ * "m"  or "_"                  BC or AD
+ *
+ * "30"                         start century
+ * tjd        	= ephemeris file for which julian day
+ * ipli       	= number of planet
+ * fname      	= ephemeris file name
+ */
+void swi_gen_filename(double tjd, int ipli, char *fname) 
+{  
+  int icty;
+  int ncties = (int) NCTIES;
+  short gregflag;
+  int jmon, jday, jyear, sgn;
+  double jut;
+  char *sform;
+  switch(ipli) {
+    case SEI_MOON:
+      strcpy(fname, "semo");
+      break;
+    case SEI_EMB:
+    case SEI_MERCURY:
+    case SEI_VENUS:
+    case SEI_MARS:
+    case SEI_JUPITER:
+    case SEI_SATURN:
+    case SEI_URANUS:
+    case SEI_NEPTUNE:
+    case SEI_PLUTO:
+    case SEI_SUNBARY:
+      strcpy(fname, "sepl");
+      break;
+    case SEI_CERES:
+    case SEI_PALLAS:
+    case SEI_JUNO:
+    case SEI_VESTA:
+    case SEI_CHIRON:
+    case SEI_PHOLUS:
+      strcpy(fname, "seas");
+      break;
+    default: 	/* asteroid or planetary moon */
+      if (ipli > SE_PLMOON_OFFSET && ipli < SE_AST_OFFSET) {
+        sprintf(fname, "sat%ssepm%d.%s", DIR_GLUE, ipli, SE_FILE_SUFFIX);
+      } else {
+	sform = "ast%d%sse%05d.%s";
+	if (ipli - SE_AST_OFFSET > 99999) 
+	  sform = "ast%d%ss%06d.%s";
+	sprintf(fname, sform, (ipli - SE_AST_OFFSET) / 1000, DIR_GLUE, ipli - SE_AST_OFFSET, SE_FILE_SUFFIX);
+      }
+      return;	/* asteroids or planetary moons: only one file 3000 bc - 3000 ad */
+      /* break; */
+  }
+  /* century of tjd */
+  /* if tjd > 1600 then gregorian calendar */
+  if (tjd >= 2305447.5) {
+    gregflag = TRUE;
+    swe_revjul(tjd, gregflag, &jyear, &jmon, &jday, &jut);
+  /* else julian calendar */
+  } else {
+    gregflag = FALSE;
+    swe_revjul(tjd, gregflag, &jyear, &jmon, &jday, &jut);
+  }
+  /* start century of file containing tjd */
+  if (jyear < 0)
+    sgn = -1;
+  else
+    sgn = 1;
+  icty = jyear / 100;
+  if (sgn < 0 && jyear % 100 != 0)
+    icty -=1;
+  while(icty % ncties != 0)
+    icty--;
+#if 0
+  if (icty < BEG_YEAR / 100)
+    icty = BEG_YEAR / 100;
+  if (icty >= END_YEAR / 100)
+    icty = END_YEAR / 100 - ncties;
+#endif
+  /* B.C. or A.D. */
+  if (icty < 0) 
+    strcat(fname, "m");
+  else 
+    strcat(fname, "_");
+  icty = abs(icty);
+  sprintf(fname + strlen(fname), "%02d.%s", icty, SE_FILE_SUFFIX);
+#if 0
+  printf("fname  %s\n", fname); 
+  fflush(stdout);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**************************************************************
+cut the string s at any char in cutlist; put pointers to partial strings
+into cpos[0..n-1], return number of partial strings;
+if less than nmax fields are found, the first empty pointer is
+set to NULL.
+More than one character of cutlist in direct sequence count as one
+separator only! cut_str_any("word,,,word2",","..) cuts only two parts,
+cpos[0] = "word" and cpos[1] = "word2".
+If more than nmax fields are found, nmax is returned and the
+last field nmax-1 rmains un-cut.
+**************************************************************/
+int swi_cutstr(char *s, char *cutlist, char *cpos[], int nmax)
+{
+  int n = 1;
+  cpos [0] = s;
+  while (*s != '\0') {
+    if ((strchr(cutlist, (int) *s) != NULL) && n < nmax) {
+      *s = '\0';
+      while (*(s + 1) != '\0' && strchr (cutlist, (int) *(s + 1)) != NULL) s++;
+      cpos[n++] = s + 1;
+    }
+    if (*s == '\n' || *s == '\r') {	/* treat nl or cr like end of string */
+      *s = '\0';
+      break;
+    }
+    s++;
+  }
+  if (n < nmax) cpos[n] = NULL;
+  return (n);
+}	/* cutstr */
+
+char *swi_right_trim(char *s)
+{
+  char *sp = s + strlen(s) - 1;
+  // while (isspace((int)(unsigned char) *sp) && sp >= s)
+  while (sp >= s && isspace((int)(unsigned char) *sp))
+    *sp-- = '\0';
+  return s;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The following C code (by Rob Warnock rpw3@sgi.com) does CRC-32 in
+ * BigEndian/BigEndian byte/bit order. That is, the data is sent most
+ * significant byte first, and each of the bits within a byte is sent most
+ * significant bit first, as in FDDI. You will need to twiddle with it to do
+ * Ethernet CRC, i.e., BigEndian/LittleEndian byte/bit order.
+ * 
+ * The CRCs this code generates agree with the vendor-supplied Verilog models
+ * of several of the popular FDDI "MAC" chips.
+ */
+static TLS uint32 crc32_table[256];
+/* Initialized first time "crc32()" is called. If you prefer, you can
+ * statically initialize it at compile time. [Another exercise.]
+ */
+
+uint32 swi_crc32(unsigned char *buf, int len)
+{
+  unsigned char *p;
+  uint32  crc;
+  if (!crc32_table[1])    /* if not already done, */
+    init_crc32();   /* build table */
+  crc = 0xffffffff;       /* preload shift register, per CRC-32 spec */
+  for (p = buf; len > 0; ++p, --len)
+    crc = (crc << 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc >> 24) ^ *p];
+  return ~crc;            /* transmit complement, per CRC-32 spec */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Build auxiliary table for parallel byte-at-a-time CRC-32.
+ */
+#define CRC32_POLY 0x04c11db7     /* AUTODIN II, Ethernet, & FDDI */
+
+static void init_crc32(void)
+{
+  int32  j;
+  uint32 c, i;
+  for (i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+    for (c = i << 24, j = 8; j > 0; --j)
+      c = c & 0x80000000 ? (c << 1) ^ CRC32_POLY : (c << 1);
+    crc32_table[i] = c;
+  }
+}
+
+/*******************************************************
+ * other functions from swephlib.c;
+ * they are not needed for Swiss Ephemeris,
+ * but may be useful to former Placalc users.
+ ********************************************************/
+
+/************************************
+normalize argument into interval [0..DEG360]
+*************************************/
+centisec CALL_CONV swe_csnorm(centisec p)
+{
+  if (p < 0) 
+    do { p += DEG360; } while (p < 0);
+  else if (p >= DEG360)
+    do { p -= DEG360; } while (p >= DEG360);
+  return (p);
+}
+
+/************************************
+distance in centisecs p1 - p2
+normalized to [0..360[
+**************************************/
+centisec CALL_CONV swe_difcsn (centisec p1, centisec p2)
+{ 
+  return (swe_csnorm(p1 - p2));
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_difdegn (double p1, double p2)
+{ 
+  return (swe_degnorm(p1 - p2));
+}
+
+/************************************
+distance in centisecs p1 - p2
+normalized to [-180..180[
+**************************************/
+centisec CALL_CONV swe_difcs2n(centisec p1, centisec p2)
+{ centisec dif;
+  dif = swe_csnorm(p1 - p2);
+  if (dif  >= DEG180) return (dif - DEG360);
+  return (dif);
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_difdeg2n(double p1, double p2)
+{ double dif;
+  dif = swe_degnorm(p1 - p2);
+  if (dif  >= 180.0) return (dif - 360.0);
+  return (dif);
+}
+
+double CALL_CONV swe_difrad2n(double p1, double p2)
+{ double dif;
+  dif = swe_radnorm(p1 - p2);
+  if (dif  >= TWOPI / 2) return (dif - TWOPI);
+  return (dif);
+}
+
+/*************************************
+round second, but at 29.5959 always down
+*************************************/ 
+centisec CALL_CONV swe_csroundsec(centisec x)	
+{
+  centisec t;
+  t = (x + 50) / 100 *100L;	/* round to seconds */
+  if (t > x && t % DEG30 == 0)  /* was rounded up to next sign */
+    t = x / 100 * 100L;		/* round last second of sign downwards */
+  return (t);
+}
+
+/*************************************
+double to int32 with rounding, no overflow check
+*************************************/ 
+int32 CALL_CONV swe_d2l(double x)		
+{
+  if (x >=0)
+    return ((int32) (x + 0.5));
+  else
+    return (- (int32) (0.5 - x));
+}
+
+/*
+ * monday = 0, ... sunday = 6
+ */
+int CALL_CONV swe_day_of_week(double jd)
+{
+  return (((int) floor (jd - 2433282 - 1.5) %7) + 7) % 7;
+}
+
+char *CALL_CONV swe_cs2timestr(CSEC t, int sep, AS_BOOL suppressZero, char *a)
+/* does not suppress zeros in hours or minutes */
+{
+  /* static char a[9];*/
+  centisec h,m,s;
+  strcpy (a, "        ");
+  a[2] = a [5] = sep;
+  t = ((t + 50) / 100) % (24L *3600L); /* round to seconds */
+  s = t % 60L;
+  m = (t / 60) % 60L;
+  h = t / 3600 % 100L;
+  if (s == 0 && suppressZero)  
+    a[5] = '\0';
+  else {
+    a [6] = (char) (s / 10 + '0');
+    a [7] = (char) (s % 10 + '0');
+  };
+  a [0] = (char) (h / 10 + '0');
+  a [1] = (char) (h % 10 + '0');
+  a [3] = (char) (m / 10 + '0');
+  a [4] = (char) (m % 10 + '0');
+  return (a);
+  } /* swe_cs2timestr() */
+
+char *CALL_CONV swe_cs2lonlatstr(CSEC t, char pchar, char mchar, char *sp)
+{
+  char a[10];	/* must be initialized at each call */
+  char *aa;
+  centisec h,m,s;
+  strcpy (a, "      '  ");
+  /* mask     dddEmm'ss" */
+  if (t < 0 ) pchar = mchar;
+  t = (ABS4 (t) + 50) / 100; /* round to seconds */
+  s = t % 60L;
+  m = t / 60 % 60L;
+  h = t / 3600 % 1000L;
+  if (s == 0)  
+    a[6] = '\0';   /* cut off seconds */
+  else {
+    a [7] = (char) (s / 10 + '0');
+    a [8] = (char) (s % 10 + '0');
+  }
+  a [3] = pchar;
+  if (h > 99)  a [0] = (char) (h / 100 + '0');
+  if (h > 9)  a [1] = (char) (h % 100 / 10 + '0');
+  a [2] = (char) (h % 10 + '0');
+  a [4] = (char) (m / 10 + '0');
+  a [5] = (char) (m % 10 + '0');
+  aa = a;
+  while (*aa == ' ') aa++;
+  strcpy(sp, aa);
+  return (sp);
+} /* swe_cs2lonlatstr() */
+
+char *CALL_CONV swe_cs2degstr(CSEC t, char *a)
+  /* does  suppress leading zeros in degrees */
+{
+  /* char a[9];	 must be initialized at each call */
+  centisec h,m,s;
+  t = t  / 100 % (30L*3600L); /* truncate to seconds */
+  s = t % 60L;
+  m = t / 60 % 60L;
+  h = t / 3600 % 100L;	/* only 0..99 degrees */ 
+  sprintf(a, "%2d%s%02d'%02d", h, ODEGREE_STRING, m, s);
+  return (a);
+} /* swe_cs2degstr() */
+
+/******************************************************************
+ * decimal degrees in zodiac to nakshatra position, deg, min, sec *
+ * for definition of input see function swe_split_deg().
+ * output:
+ * ideg 	degrees, 
+ * imin 	minutes, 
+ * isec 	seconds, 
+ * dsecfr	fraction of seconds 
+ * inak	nakshatra number; 
+ ******************************************************************/
+static void split_deg_nakshatra(double ddeg, int32 roundflag, int32 *ideg, int32 *imin, int32 *isec, double *dsecfr, int32 *inak)
+{
+  double dadd = 0;
+  double dnakshsize = 13.33333333333333;
+  double ddeghelp = fmod(ddeg, dnakshsize);
+  *inak = 1;
+  if (ddeg < 0) {
+    *inak = -1;
+    ddeg = 0;
+  }
+  // Sheoran "Vedic" ayanamsha: 0 Aries = 3°20 Ashvini
+  if ((swed.sidd.sid_mode & SE_SIDM_TRUE_SHEORAN) == SE_SIDM_TRUE_SHEORAN)
+    ddeg = swe_degnorm(ddeg + 3.33333333333333);
+  if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_DEG) {
+    dadd = 0.5;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_MIN) {
+    dadd = 0.5 / 60;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_SEC) {
+    dadd = 0.5 / 3600;
+  }
+  if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_KEEP_DEG) {
+    if ((int32) (ddeghelp + dadd) - (int32) ddeghelp > 0)
+      dadd = 0;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_KEEP_SIGN) {
+    if (ddeghelp + dadd >= dnakshsize)
+      dadd = 0;
+  }
+  ddeg += dadd;
+  *inak = (int32) (ddeg / dnakshsize);
+  if (*inak == 27) *inak = 0; // with rounding up from 359.9999
+  ddeg = fmod(ddeg, dnakshsize);
+  *ideg = (int32) ddeg;
+  ddeg -= *ideg;
+  *imin = (int32) (ddeg * 60);
+  ddeg -= *imin / 60.0;
+  *isec = (int32) (ddeg * 3600);
+  if (!(roundflag & (SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_DEG | SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_MIN | SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_SEC))) {
+    *dsecfr = ddeg * 3600 - *isec;
+  } else {
+    *dsecfr = *isec;  // is rounded, no fractional seconds
+  }
+}  /* end split_deg_nakshtra */
+
+/************************************************************
+ * splitting decimal degrees into (zod.sign,) deg, min, sec. *
+ * input:
+ * ddeg 	decimal degrees, ecliptic longitude
+ * roundflag    by default there is no rounding. if rounding is 
+ *              required, the following bits can be set:
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_SEC    1
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_MIN    2
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_DEG    4
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_ZODIACAL     8   * split into zodiac signs
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_NAKSHATRA 1024   * split into nakshatras *
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_KEEP_SIGN   16   * don't round to next zodiac sign,
+                                       * e.g. 29.9999998 will be rounded
+				       * to 29°59'59" (or 29°59' or 29°) * 
+				       * or next nakshatra:
+                                       * e.g. 13.3333332 will be rounded
+				       * to 13°19'59" (or 13°19' or 13°) * 
+# define SE_SPLIT_DEG_KEEP_DEG    32   * don't round to next degree
+                                       * e.g. 10.9999999 will be rounded
+				       * to 10d59'59" (or 10d59' or 10d) * 
+ * output:
+ *  ideg 	degrees, 
+ *  imin 	minutes, 
+ *  isec 	seconds, 
+ *  dsecfr	fraction of seconds 
+ *  isgn	zodiac sign number; 
+ *              or +/- sign
+ *  
+ *********************************************************/
+void CALL_CONV swe_split_deg(double ddeg, int32 roundflag, int32 *ideg, int32 *imin, int32 *isec, double *dsecfr, int32 *isgn)
+{
+  double dadd = 0;
+  *isgn = 1;
+  if (ddeg < 0) {
+    *isgn = -1;
+    ddeg = -ddeg;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_NAKSHATRA) {
+    split_deg_nakshatra(ddeg, roundflag, ideg, imin, isec, dsecfr, isgn);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_DEG) {
+    dadd = 0.5;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_MIN) {
+    dadd = 0.5 / 60.0;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_SEC) {
+    dadd = 0.5 / 3600.0;
+  }
+  if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_KEEP_DEG) {
+    if ((int32) (ddeg + dadd) - (int32) ddeg > 0)
+      dadd = 0;
+  } else if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_KEEP_SIGN) {
+    if (fmod(ddeg, 30) + dadd >= 30)
+      dadd = 0;
+  }
+  ddeg += dadd;
+  if (roundflag & SE_SPLIT_DEG_ZODIACAL) {
+    *isgn = (int32) (ddeg / 30);
+    if (*isgn == 12) // 360° = 0°
+      *isgn = 0;
+    ddeg = fmod(ddeg, 30);
+  }
+  *ideg = (int32) ddeg;
+  ddeg -= *ideg;
+  *imin = (int32) (ddeg * 60);
+  ddeg -= *imin / 60.0;
+  *isec = (int32) (ddeg * 3600);
+  if (!(roundflag & (SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_DEG | SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_MIN | SE_SPLIT_DEG_ROUND_SEC))) {
+    *dsecfr = ddeg * 3600 - *isec;
+  } else {
+    *dsecfr = *isec;  // is rounded, no fractional seconds
+  }
+}  /* end split_deg */
+
+double swi_kepler(double E, double M, double ecce)
+{
+  double dE = 1, E0;
+  double x;
+  /* simple formula for small eccentricities */
+  if (ecce < 0.4) {
+    while(dE > 1e-12) {
+      E0 = E;
+      E = M + ecce * sin(E0);
+      dE = fabs(E - E0);
+    }
+  /* complicated formula for high eccentricities */
+  } else {
+    while(dE > 1e-12) {
+      E0 = E;
+      /*
+       * Alois 21-jul-2000: workaround an optimizer problem in gcc 
+       * swi_mod2PI sees very small negative argument e-322 and returns +2PI;
+       * we avoid swi_mod2PI for small x.
+       */
+      x = (M + ecce * sin(E0) - E0) / (1 - ecce * cos(E0));
+      dE = fabs(x);
+      if (dE < 1e-2) {
+	E = E0 + x;
+      } else {
+	E = swi_mod2PI(E0 + x);
+	dE = fabs(E - E0);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return E;
+}
+
+void swi_FK4_FK5(double *xp, double tjd)
+{
+  AS_BOOL correct_speed = TRUE;
+  if (xp[0] == 0 && xp[1] == 0 && xp[2] == 0)
+    return;
+  /* with zero speed, we assume that it should be really zero */
+  if (xp[3] == 0)
+    correct_speed = FALSE;
+  swi_cartpol_sp(xp, xp);
+  /* according to Expl.Suppl., p. 167f. */
+  xp[0] += (0.035 + 0.085 * (tjd - B1950) / 36524.2198782) / 3600 * 15 * DEGTORAD;
+  if (correct_speed)
+    xp[3] += (0.085 / 36524.2198782) / 3600 * 15 * DEGTORAD;
+  swi_polcart_sp(xp, xp);
+}
+
+void swi_FK5_FK4(double *xp, double tjd)
+{
+  if (xp[0] == 0 && xp[1] == 0 && xp[2] == 0)
+    return;
+  swi_cartpol_sp(xp, xp);
+  /* according to Expl.Suppl., p. 167f. */
+  xp[0] -= (0.035 + 0.085 * (tjd - B1950) / 36524.2198782) / 3600 * 15 * DEGTORAD;
+  xp[3] -= (0.085 / 36524.2198782) / 3600 * 15 * DEGTORAD;
+  swi_polcart_sp(xp, xp);
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+void set_astro_models(char *samod)
+{
+  int *pmodel = &(swed.astro_models[0]);
+  char *sp, *sp2;
+  int i = 0;
+  swi_init_swed_if_start();
+  sp = samod;
+  pmodel[0] = atoi(sp);
+  i++;
+  while((sp2 = strchr(sp, ',')) != NULL && i < NSE_MODELS) {
+    sp = sp2 + 1;
+    pmodel[i] = atoi(sp);
+    i++;
+  } 
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Function for inhouse testing of old SE versions.
+ *
+ * Values of the following macros are defined in swephexp.h 
+ * and must be identical to the ones used in the defines below 
+D1 SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_MORRISON_1984
+D2 SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_1997
+D3 SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_MORRISON_2004
+D4 SEMOD_DELTAT_ESPENAK_MEEUS_2006
+D5 SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_ETC_2016
+
+P1 SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976
+P2 SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986
+P3 SEMOD_PREC_WILL_EPS_LASK
+P4 SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994
+P5 SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994
+P6 SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000
+P7 SEMOD_PREC_BRETAGNON_2003
+P8 SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006
+P9 SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011
+P10 SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990
+P11 SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB
+
+N1 SEMOD_NUT_IAU_1980
+N2 SEMOD_NUT_IAU_CORR_1987
+N3 SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000A
+N4 SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000B
+N5 SEMOD_NUT_WOOLARD
+
+B1 SEMOD_BIAS_NONE
+B2 SEMOD_BIAS_IAU2000
+B3 SEMOD_BIAS_IAU2006
+
+S1 SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_1976
+S2 SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_2006
+S3 SEMOD_SIDT_IERS_CONV_2010
+S4 SEMOD_SIDT_LONGTERM
+ *                           D P P N B J J S 
+ */
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_00    "1,3,1,1,1,0,0,1"
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_64    "2,3,1,1,1,0,0,1"
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_70    "2,8,8,4,2,0,0,2"
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_72    "3,8,8,4,2,0,0,2"
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_77    "4,8,8,4,2,0,0,2"
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_78    "4,9,9,4,2,0,0,2"
+# define AMODELS_SE_1_80    "4,9,9,4,3,0,0,1"  /* note sid. time (S)! */
+# define AMODELS_SE_2_00    "4,9,9,4,3,0,0,4"
+# define AMODELS_SE_2_06    "5,9,9,4,3,0,0,4"
+void CALL_CONV swe_set_astro_models(char *samod, int32 iflag)
+{
+  double dversion;
+  char s[30], *sp;
+  swi_init_swed_if_start();
+  if (*samod != '\0' && isdigit((int) *samod)) {
+    set_astro_models(samod);
+  } else if (*samod == '\0' || strncmp(samod, "SE", 2) == 0) {
+    strncpy(s, samod, 20);
+    s[20] = '\0';
+    if ((sp = strchr(s + 5, '.')) != NULL)  // remove second '.' in "SE2.05.01"
+      swi_strcpy(sp, sp+1);
+    if ((sp = strchr(s + 5, 'b')) != NULL)  // remove 'b' in "SE2.05.02b04"
+      swi_strcpy(sp, sp+1);
+    dversion = atof(s + 2);
+    if (dversion == 0)
+      dversion = atof(SE_VERSION);
+    if (dversion >= 2.06) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_2_06);
+    } else if (dversion >= 2.01) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_2_00);
+    } else if (dversion >= 2.00) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_2_00);
+      if (swi_get_denum(SEI_SUN, iflag) == 431) 
+        swe_set_tid_acc(SE_TIDAL_DE406);
+    } else if (dversion >= 1.80) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_80);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(SE_TIDAL_DE406);
+    } else if (dversion >= 1.78) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_78);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(SE_TIDAL_DE406);
+    } else if (dversion >= 1.77) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_77);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(SE_TIDAL_DE406);
+    } else if (dversion >= 1.72) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_72);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(-25.7376);
+    } else if (dversion >= 1.70) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_70);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(-25.7376);
+    } else if (dversion >= 1.64) {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_64);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(-25.7376);
+    } else {
+      set_astro_models(AMODELS_SE_1_00);
+      swe_set_tid_acc(-25.7376);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+static void get_precession_model(int precmod, int32 iflag, char *s)
+{
+  if (precmod == 0)
+    precmod = SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT;
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLEPH) {
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR) {
+      strcpy(s, "IAU 1976 (Lieske) / Owen 1990 before 1799");
+      return;
+    }
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) {
+      strcpy(s, "Vondrak 2011 / IAU 1976 (Lieske) before 1962 / Owen 1990 before 1799");
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  switch(precmod) {
+    case SEMOD_PREC_IAU_1976:
+      strcpy(s, "IAU 1976 (Lieske)");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2000:
+      strcpy(s, "IAU 2000 (Lieske 1976, Mathews 2002)");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_IAU_2006:
+      strcpy(s, "IAU 2006 (Capitaine & alii)");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_BRETAGNON_2003:
+      strcpy(s, "Bretagnon 2003");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_LASKAR_1986:
+      strcpy(s, "Laskar 1986");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_SIMON_1994:
+      strcpy(s, "Simon 1994");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_WILLIAMS_1994:
+      strcpy(s, "Williams 1994");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_WILL_EPS_LASK:
+      strcpy(s, "Williams 1994 / Epsilon Laskar 1986");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_OWEN_1990:
+      strcpy(s, "Owen 1990");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_NEWCOMB:
+      strcpy(s, "Newcomb 1895");
+      break;
+    case SEMOD_PREC_VONDRAK_2011:
+      strcpy(s, "Vondrák 2011");
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+static void get_deltat_model(int dtmod, char *s)
+{
+  if (dtmod == 0)
+    dtmod = SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT;
+  switch(dtmod) {
+    case SEMOD_DELTAT_ESPENAK_MEEUS_2006:
+    strcpy(s, "Espenak/Meeus 2006 (before 1633)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_MORRISON_2004:
+    strcpy(s, "Stephenson/Morrison 2004 (before 1600)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_1997:  
+    strcpy(s, "Stephenson 1997 (before 1600)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_MORRISON_1984:
+    strcpy(s, "Stephenson/Morrison 1984 (before 1600)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_DELTAT_STEPHENSON_ETC_2016:  
+    strcpy(s, "Stephenson/Morrison/Hohenkerk 2016 (before 1955)");
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+static void get_nutation_model(int nutmod, int32 iflag, char *s)
+{
+  int jplhormod = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHOR_MODE];
+  int jplhoramod = swed.astro_models[SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE];
+  if (jplhormod == 0)
+    jplhormod = SEMOD_JPLHOR_DEFAULT;
+  if (jplhoramod == 0)
+    jplhoramod = SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT;
+  if (nutmod == 0)
+    nutmod = SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT;
+  switch(nutmod) {
+    case SEMOD_NUT_WOOLARD:
+    strcpy(s, "Woolard 1953");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_NUT_IAU_1980:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 1980 (Wahr)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_NUT_IAU_CORR_1987:
+    strcpy(s, "Herring 1986");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000A:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 2000A (Mathews)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_NUT_IAU_2000B:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 2000B (Mathews)");
+    break;
+  }
+  if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLEPH) {
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR) 
+      strcpy(s, "IAU 1980 (Wahr)");
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR) {
+      strcat(s, "\n+ daily corrections to dpsi/deps 1962-today");
+      if (jplhormod == SEMOD_JPLHOR_LONG_AGREEMENT)
+        strcat(s, "\n  good agreement with JPL Horizons between 1800 and today");
+      else
+        strcat(s, "\n  defaults to SEFLG_JPLEPH_APPROX before 1962");
+    } else if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX){
+      strcat(s, "\n+ some corrections, approximating JPL Horizons");
+      if (jplhoramod == SEMOD_JPLHORA_1)
+        strcat(s, " (SEMOD_JPLHORA_1)");
+      else if (jplhoramod == SEMOD_JPLHORA_2)
+        strcat(s, " (SEMOD_JPLHORA_2)");
+      else
+        strcat(s, " (SEMOD_JPLHORA_3)");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+static void get_frame_bias_model(int biasmod, char *s)
+{
+  if (biasmod == 0)
+    biasmod = SEMOD_BIAS_DEFAULT;
+  switch(biasmod) {
+    case SEMOD_BIAS_IAU2000:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 2000");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_BIAS_IAU2006:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 2006");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_BIAS_NONE:
+    strcpy(s, "none");
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+static void get_sidt_model(int sidtmod, char *s)
+{
+  if (sidtmod == 0)
+    sidtmod = SEMOD_SIDT_DEFAULT;
+  switch(sidtmod) {
+    case SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_1976:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 1976");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_SIDT_IAU_2006:
+    strcpy(s, "IAU 2006 (Capitaine 2003)");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_SIDT_IERS_CONV_2010:
+    strcpy(s, "IERS Convention 2010");
+    break;
+    case SEMOD_SIDT_LONGTERM:
+    strcpy(s, "IERS Convention 2010 + long-term extension by Astrodienst");
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+/* function for inhouse testing only */
+void CALL_CONV swe_get_astro_models(char *samod, char *sdet, int32 iflag)
+{
+  int i, imod;
+  int *pmodel = &(swed.astro_models[0]);
+  char s[AS_MAXCH], samod0[AS_MAXCH];
+  AS_BOOL list_all_models = FALSE;
+  if (samod != NULL) {
+    if (strchr(samod, '+') != NULL)
+      list_all_models = TRUE;
+    swe_set_astro_models(samod, iflag);
+  }
+  *samod0 = '\0';
+  for (i = 0; i < NSE_MODELS; i++) {
+    imod = pmodel[i];
+    switch(i) {
+      case SE_MODEL_PREC_LONGTERM:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_PREC_SHORTTERM:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT_SHORT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_NUT:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_SIDT:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_SIDT_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_BIAS:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_BIAS_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_JPLHOR_MODE:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_JPLHOR_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_JPLHORA_MODE:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_JPLHORA_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+      case SE_MODEL_DELTAT:
+	if (imod == SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT) imod = 0;
+	break;
+    }
+    sprintf(samod0 + strlen(samod0), "%d,", imod);
+  }
+  /*if (samod != NULL) 
+    strcpy(samod, samod0);*/
+  *sdet = '\0';
+  if (sdet != NULL) {
+    /* JPL ephemeris number and tidal acceleration used with it */
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "JPL eph. %d; tidal acc. Moon used by SE: %.4f\n", 
+      swi_get_denum(SEI_SUN, iflag), swe_get_tid_acc());
+    if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLEPH) {
+      if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR) 
+	strcat(sdet, "JPL Horizons method:\n");
+      if (iflag & SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX) 
+	strcat(sdet, "JPL Horizons method (approximation):\n");
+    } else if (iflag & SEFLG_SWIEPH) {
+      strcat(sdet, "Swiss Ephemeris compressed files sepl*/semo*\n");
+    } else {
+      strcat(sdet, "Moshier semi-analytical approximation\n");
+    }
+    /* long-term Delta T calculation */
+    get_deltat_model(pmodel[SE_MODEL_DELTAT], s);
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "Delta T (long-term): %s\n", s);
+    /* precession model */
+    get_precession_model(pmodel[SE_MODEL_PREC_LONGTERM], iflag, s);
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "Precession: %s\n", s);
+    if (pmodel[SE_MODEL_PREC_LONGTERM] != pmodel[SE_MODEL_PREC_SHORTTERM] && !(iflag & (SEFLG_JPLHOR | SEFLG_JPLHOR_APPROX))) {
+      get_precession_model(pmodel[SE_MODEL_PREC_SHORTTERM], iflag, s);
+      sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "+ short-term model: %s\n", s);
+    }
+    /* nutation */
+    get_nutation_model(pmodel[SE_MODEL_NUT], iflag, s);
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "Nutation: %s\n", s);
+    /* frame bias */
+    get_frame_bias_model(pmodel[SE_MODEL_BIAS], s);
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "Frame bias: %s\n", s);
+    /* sidereal time */
+    get_sidt_model(pmodel[SE_MODEL_SIDT], s);
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "Sid. time: %s\n", s);
+    /* swetest parameters */
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "swetest parameters:      D P P N B J J S\n");
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "                    -amod%s", samod0);
+    sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), " -tidacc%f", swe_get_tid_acc());
+    strcat(sdet, "\n");
+    /* list all available astronomical models */
+    if (!list_all_models) {
+      sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "For list of all available astronomical models, add a '+' to the version string\n(swetest parameter -amod%s+ or -amod%s+)\n", samod, samod0);
+    } else {
+      strcat(sdet, "DELTA T MODELS (D)\n");
+      for (i = 0; i <= SEMOD_NDELTAT; i++) {
+	if (i == SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT) continue;
+        sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "  (%d)", i);
+	if (i == 0) sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), " (=%d)", SEMOD_DELTAT_DEFAULT);
+	get_deltat_model(i, s);
+	sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), ": %s\n", s);
+      }
+      strcat(sdet, "PRECESSION MODELS (P P) (long-term/short-term)\n");
+      for (i = 0; i <= SEMOD_NPREC; i++) {
+	if (i == SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT) continue;
+        sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "  (%d)", i);
+	if (i == 0) sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), " (=%d)", SEMOD_PREC_DEFAULT);
+	get_precession_model(i, iflag, s);
+	sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), ": %s\n", s);
+      }
+      strcat(sdet, "NUTATION MODELS (N)\n");
+      for (i = 0; i <= SEMOD_NNUT; i++) {
+	if (i == SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT) continue;
+        sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "  (%d)", i);
+	if (i == 0) sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), " (=%d)", SEMOD_NUT_DEFAULT);
+	get_nutation_model(i, iflag, s);
+	sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), ": %s\n", s);
+      }
+      strcat(sdet, "FRAME BIAS MODELS (B)\n");
+      for (i = 0; i <= SEMOD_NBIAS; i++) {
+	if (i == SEMOD_BIAS_DEFAULT) continue;
+        sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "  (%d)", i);
+	if (i == 0) sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), " (=%d)", SEMOD_BIAS_DEFAULT);
+	get_frame_bias_model(i, s);
+	sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), ": %s\n", s);
+      }
+      strcat(sdet, "JPL HORIZONS MODELS (J) (with SEFLG_JPLEPH|SEFLG_JPLHOR).\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "  IAU 1980 (Wahr) + daily corrections to dpsi/deps 1962-today.\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "  (0 (=1): between 1799 and 1962, dpsi/deps of 20-jan-1962 are used.\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "           For times beyond the dpsi/deps table, the last tabulated values are used.\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "           Beyond 1799 and 2201, precession Owen 1990 is used..\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "  Documentation in swephexp.h under 'methods of JPL Horizons'\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "JPL HORIZONS APPROXIMATION (J) (with SEFLG_JPLEPH|SEFLG_JPLHORA)\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "  Documentation in swephexp.h under 'methods of JPL Horizons'\n");
+      strcat(sdet, "SIDEREAL TIME MODELS (S)\n");
+      for (i = 0; i <= SEMOD_NSIDT; i++) {
+	if (i == SEMOD_SIDT_DEFAULT) continue;
+        sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), "  (%d)", i);
+	if (i == 0) sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), " (=%d)", SEMOD_SIDT_DEFAULT);
+	get_sidt_model(i, s);
+	sprintf(sdet + strlen(sdet), ": %s\n", s);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+char *swi_strcpy(char *to, char *from)
+{
+  char *sp, s[AS_MAXCH];
+  if (*from == '\0') {
+    *to = '\0';
+    return to;
+  }
+  if (strlen(from) < AS_MAXCH) {
+    strcpy(s, from);
+    strcpy(to, s);
+  } else {
+    sp = strdup(from);
+    if (sp == NULL) {
+      strcpy(to, from);
+    } else {
+      strcpy(to, sp);
+      free(sp);
+    }
+  }
+  return to;
+}
+
+#ifdef TRACE
+void swi_open_trace(char *serr)
+{
+  swi_trace_count++;
+  if (swi_trace_count >= TRACE_COUNT_MAX) {
+    if (swi_trace_count == TRACE_COUNT_MAX) { 
+      if (serr != NULL)
+	sprintf(serr, "trace stopped, %d calls exceeded.", TRACE_COUNT_MAX);
+      if (swi_fp_trace_out != NULL)
+	fprintf(swi_fp_trace_out, "trace stopped, %d calls exceeded.\n", TRACE_COUNT_MAX);
+      if (swi_fp_trace_c != NULL)
+	fprintf(swi_fp_trace_c, "/* trace stopped, %d calls exceeded. */\n", TRACE_COUNT_MAX);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  if (swi_fp_trace_c == NULL) {
+    char fname[AS_MAXCH];
+#if TRACE == 2
+    char *sp, *sp1;
+    int ipid;
+#endif
+    /* remove(fname_trace_c); */
+    strcpy(fname, fname_trace_c);
+#if TRACE == 2
+    sp = strchr(fname_trace_c, '.');
+    sp1 = strchr(fname, '.');
+# if MSDOS
+    ipid = _getpid();
+# else
+    ipid = getpid();
+# endif
+    sprintf(sp1, "_%d%s", ipid, sp);
+#endif
+    if ((swi_fp_trace_c = fopen(fname, FILE_A_ACCESS)) == NULL) {
+      if (serr != NULL) {
+	sprintf(serr, "could not open trace output file '%s'", fname);
+      }
+    } else {
+      fputs("#include \"sweodef.h\"\n", swi_fp_trace_c);   
+      fputs("#include \"swephexp.h\"\n\n", swi_fp_trace_c);   
+      fputs("void main()\n{\n", swi_fp_trace_c);   
+      fputs("  double tjd, t, nut, eps; int i, ipl, retc; int32 iflag;\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fputs("  double armc, geolat, cusp[12], ascmc[10]; int hsys;\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fputs("  double xx[6]; int32 iflgret;\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fputs("  char s[AS_MAXCH], star[AS_MAXCH], serr[AS_MAXCH];\n", swi_fp_trace_c);
+      fflush(swi_fp_trace_c);
+    }
+  }
+  if (swi_fp_trace_out == NULL) {
+    char fname[AS_MAXCH];
+#if TRACE == 2
+    char *sp, *sp1;
+    int ipid;
+#endif
+    /* remove(fname_trace_out); */
+    strcpy(fname, fname_trace_out);
+#if TRACE == 2
+    sp = strchr(fname_trace_out, '.');
+    sp1 = strchr(fname, '.');
+# if MSDOS
+    ipid = _getpid();
+# else
+    ipid = getpid();
+# endif
+    sprintf(sp1, "_%d%s", ipid, sp);
+#endif
+    if ((swi_fp_trace_out = fopen(fname, FILE_A_ACCESS)) == NULL) {
+      if (serr != NULL) {
+	sprintf(serr, "could not open trace output file '%s'", fname);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif