@swifttui/web 0.0.27 → 0.1.1

package/README.md

@@ -1,10 +1,26 @@
 # `@swifttui/web`
 
-Browser runtime package for SwiftTUI apps.
+**Browser runtime for [SwiftTUI](https://swifttui.sh) apps — draw a
+Swift-authored UI into a `<canvas>`, no terminal emulator.**
 
-This package owns browser-safe runtime APIs: scene manifest loading, canvas
-rendering, ARIA mounting, WebSocket scene bridges, and WASI scene bridges. Build
-tooling lives in the sibling [`@swifttui/build`](../build) workspace package.
+[![npm](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/@swifttui/web)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@swifttui/web)
+![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-3DA639)
+
+`@swifttui/web` is the browser host for SwiftTUI. A SwiftTUI app compiles to
+`wasm32-wasi` and streams a structured raster surface on stdout; this package
+loads the scene manifest, renders that surface into a canvas, mounts an ARIA
+tree for accessibility, and bridges input back to the running app — so the same
+view code you run in a terminal runs on a web page. It does not load a terminal
+emulator.
+
+The build side — compiling your Swift app to wasm and capturing its manifest —
+lives in the sibling
+[`@swifttui/build`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@swifttui/build) package.
+
+- **Live demo:** <https://swifttui.sh/webexample>
+- **Reference template:** [`swift-tui-examples/WebExample`](https://github.com/SwiftTUI/swift-tui-examples/tree/main/WebExample)
+  (≈60 lines of embedding code)
+- **The framework:** [`SwiftTUI/swift-tui`](https://github.com/SwiftTUI/swift-tui)
 
 ## Installation
 
@@ -20,36 +36,6 @@ does **not** require Bun or a TypeScript build step. Subpath entrypoints
 (`./wasi`, `./wasi-worker`, `./manifest`, `./websocket`, `./testing`) and the
 `./style.css` asset are declared in `package.json` `exports`.
 
-## Toolchains
-
-Use Bun for repo-local development of this package, and use the repo-default
-`swiftly` Swift 6.3.1 toolchain for every Swift command that the build pipeline
-triggers.
-
-Quick check:
-
-```bash
-swiftly run swift --version
-```
-
-Native-only development should also work in Xcode, but the documented package
-and wasm build path uses `swiftly` plus Bun.
-
-For source development, run `bun install` from the repo root or from any
-workspace package directory, and Bun will maintain one root `bun.lock` plus
-stable relative workspace links.
-
-## Surface Transport
-
-This package uses SwiftTUI's `web-surface` WASI transport. The Swift runner
-emits structured raster-surface records on stdout, and the browser host draws
-rectangles and text into a canvas. It does not load a terminal emulator and does
-not depend on `ghostty-web` or `ghostty-vt.wasm`.
-
-`web-surface` is the default `SwiftTUIWASI` browser transport. WebHost still
-sets `TUIGUI_TRANSPORT=surface` explicitly so generated app environments are
-self-describing.
-
 ## API
 
 ```ts
@@ -93,7 +79,42 @@ import { startWasmSceneWorker } from "@swifttui/web/wasi-worker";
 startWasmSceneWorker();
 ```
 
-## Scripts
+The page that hosts the WASI runtime must serve
+`Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy: same-origin` and
+`Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy: require-corp` so the `SharedArrayBuffer`-backed
+stdin works.
+
+## Surface transport
+
+This package uses SwiftTUI's `web-surface` WASI transport. The Swift runner
+emits structured raster-surface records on stdout, and the browser host draws
+rectangles and text into a canvas. It does not load a terminal emulator and does
+not depend on `ghostty-web` or `ghostty-vt.wasm`.
+
+`web-surface` is the default `SwiftTUIWASI` browser transport. WebHost still
+sets `TUIGUI_TRANSPORT=surface` explicitly so generated app environments are
+self-describing.
+
+## Notes
+
+- Scene switching is controller-managed and retains existing scene runtimes.
+- Terminal styling is host-owned through `WebHostTerminalStyle`, which carries
+  one active palette/theme pair plus the runtime payload sent into SwiftTUI.
+- Hosts that want multiple themes swap entire `WebHostTerminalStyle` objects;
+  the library does not provide a built-in mode switcher.
+- `BrowserWASIBridge` sets `TUIGUI_TRANSPORT=surface` and decodes surface
+  frames before handing them to the canvas runtime.
+
+## Developing this package
+
+> Only needed if you are working **on** `@swifttui/web` itself. Consuming the
+> package from an app needs only `npm install` (above) — not Bun or the Swift
+> toolchain.
+
+Use Bun for repo-local development, and the repo-default `swiftly` Swift 6.3.1
+toolchain for any Swift command the build pipeline triggers
+(`swiftly run swift --version`). Run `bun install` from the repo root or any
+workspace package directory; Bun maintains one root `bun.lock`.
 
 - `bun test`
 - `bun run build` — compile the publishable package to `dist/` with tsdown
@@ -119,12 +140,6 @@ The demo/app build flow is intentionally small:
    artifact only if stripping still produces browser-parseable wasm.
 3. `build:web` bundles `index.html` and the browser entrypoint with Bun.
 
-## Notes
+## License
 
-- Scene switching is controller-managed and retains existing scene runtimes.
-- Terminal styling is host-owned through `WebHostTerminalStyle`, which carries
-  one active palette/theme pair plus the runtime payload sent into SwiftTUI.
-- Hosts that want multiple themes swap entire `WebHostTerminalStyle` objects;
-  the library does not provide a built-in mode switcher.
-- `BrowserWASIBridge` sets `TUIGUI_TRANSPORT=surface` and decodes surface
-  frames before handing them to the canvas runtime.
+MIT — see [LICENSE](LICENSE).

package/dist/src/AccessibilityTree.js

@@ -15,40 +15,42 @@ var AccessibilityTreeMounter = class {
 		applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(this.announcerElement);
 	}
 	present(nodes, metrics, announcements = [], options = {}) {
-		this.element.replaceChildren();
-		this.nodesById.clear();
+		const previousById = this.nodesById;
+		const nextById = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
 		for (const node of nodes) {
-			const element = this.elementForNode(node, metrics);
-			this.nodesById.set(node.id, element);
+			const element = previousById.get(node.id) ?? document.createElement("div");
+			this.applyNodeAttributes(element, node, metrics);
+			nextById.set(node.id, element);
 		}
+		for (const id of previousById.keys()) if (!nextById.has(id)) previousById.get(id)?.remove();
+		this.nodesById = nextById;
 		for (const node of nodes) {
-			const element = this.nodesById.get(node.id);
+			const element = nextById.get(node.id);
 			if (!element) continue;
-			((node.parentId ? this.nodesById.get(node.parentId) : void 0) ?? this.element).appendChild(element);
+			((node.parentId ? nextById.get(node.parentId) : void 0) ?? this.element).appendChild(element);
 		}
 		this.announceLiveRegionChanges(nodes, announcements);
 		const focused = nodes.find((node) => node.isFocused);
 		if ((options.synchronizeFocus ?? true) && focused) this.nodesById.get(focused.id)?.focus?.({ preventScroll: true });
 	}
-	elementForNode(node, metrics) {
-		const element = document.createElement("div");
+	applyNodeAttributes(element, node, metrics) {
 		element.id = `swifttui-a11y-${stableDOMId(node.id)}`;
 		element.dataset.accessibilityId = node.id;
 		element.tabIndex = node.isFocused ? 0 : -1;
 		const role = roleMapping(node.role);
-		if (role.role) element.setAttribute("role", role.role);
-		if (role.level !== void 0) element.setAttribute("aria-level", String(role.level));
-		if (node.label) element.setAttribute("aria-label", node.label);
-		if (node.hint) element.setAttribute("aria-description", node.hint);
-		if (node.liveRegion) element.setAttribute("aria-live", node.liveRegion);
+		setOrRemoveAttribute(element, "role", role.role);
+		setOrRemoveAttribute(element, "aria-level", role.level !== void 0 ? String(role.level) : void 0);
+		setOrRemoveAttribute(element, "aria-label", node.label || void 0);
+		setOrRemoveAttribute(element, "aria-description", node.hint || void 0);
+		setOrRemoveAttribute(element, "aria-live", node.liveRegion || void 0);
 		if (node.isFocused) element.dataset.focused = "true";
+		else delete element.dataset.focused;
 		const [x, y, width, height] = node.rect;
 		element.style.position = "absolute";
 		element.style.left = `${x * metrics.cellWidth}px`;
 		element.style.top = `${y * metrics.cellHeight}px`;
 		element.style.width = `${Math.max(1, width) * metrics.cellWidth}px`;
 		element.style.height = `${Math.max(1, height) * metrics.cellHeight}px`;
-		return element;
 	}
 	announceLiveRegionChanges(nodes, announcements) {
 		const candidates = nodes.filter((node) => node.liveRegion && node.liveRegion !== "off" && node.label);
@@ -86,6 +88,13 @@ var AccessibilityTreeMounter = class {
 		}).join("\n");
 	}
 };
+function setOrRemoveAttribute(element, name, value) {
+	if (value === void 0) {
+		element.removeAttribute(name);
+		return;
+	}
+	element.setAttribute(name, value);
+}
 function applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(element) {
 	element.style.position = "absolute";
 	element.style.left = "0";

package/dist/src/AccessibilityTree.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"AccessibilityTree.js","names":[],"sources":["../../src/AccessibilityTree.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type {\n  WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement,\n  WebHostAccessibilityNode,\n} from \"./WebHostSurfaceTransport.ts\";\n\ninterface AccessibilityTreeMetrics {\n  cellWidth: number;\n  cellHeight: number;\n}\n\ninterface AccessibilityTreePresentationOptions {\n  synchronizeFocus?: boolean;\n}\n\ninterface RoleMapping {\n  role?: string;\n  level?: number;\n}\n\nexport class AccessibilityTreeMounter {\n  readonly element: HTMLElement;\n  readonly announcerElement: HTMLElement;\n\n  private readonly nodesById = new Map<string, HTMLElement>();\n  private previousLabelsById = new Map<string, string>();\n  private hasLiveRegionBaseline = false;\n\n  constructor() {\n    this.element = document.createElement(\"div\");\n    this.element.className = \"webhost-scene__accessibility-tree\";\n    applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(this.element);\n\n    this.announcerElement = document.createElement(\"div\");\n    this.announcerElement.className = \"webhost-scene__accessibility-announcer\";\n    this.announcerElement.setAttribute(\"aria-atomic\", \"true\");\n    applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(this.announcerElement);\n  }\n\n  present(\n    nodes: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    metrics: AccessibilityTreeMetrics,\n    announcements: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[] = [],\n    options: AccessibilityTreePresentationOptions = {}\n  ): void {\n    this.element.replaceChildren();\n    this.nodesById.clear();\n\n    for (const node of nodes) {\n      const element = this.elementForNode(node, metrics);\n      this.nodesById.set(node.id, element);\n    }\n\n    for (const node of nodes) {\n      const element = this.nodesById.get(node.id);\n      if (!element) {\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      const parent = node.parentId ? this.nodesById.get(node.parentId) : undefined;\n      (parent ?? this.element).appendChild(element);\n    }\n\n    this.announceLiveRegionChanges(nodes, announcements);\n\n    const focused = nodes.find((node) => node.isFocused);\n    if ((options.synchronizeFocus ?? true) && focused) {\n      this.nodesById.get(focused.id)?.focus?.({ preventScroll: true });\n    }\n  }\n\n  private elementForNode(\n    node: WebHostAccessibilityNode,\n    metrics: AccessibilityTreeMetrics\n  ): HTMLElement {\n    const element = document.createElement(\"div\");\n    element.id = `swifttui-a11y-${stableDOMId(node.id)}`;\n    element.dataset.accessibilityId = node.id;\n    element.tabIndex = node.isFocused ? 0 : -1;\n\n    const role = roleMapping(node.role);\n    if (role.role) {\n      element.setAttribute(\"role\", role.role);\n    }\n    if (role.level !== undefined) {\n      element.setAttribute(\"aria-level\", String(role.level));\n    }\n    if (node.label) {\n      element.setAttribute(\"aria-label\", node.label);\n    }\n    if (node.hint) {\n      element.setAttribute(\"aria-description\", node.hint);\n    }\n    if (node.liveRegion) {\n      element.setAttribute(\"aria-live\", node.liveRegion);\n    }\n    if (node.isFocused) {\n      element.dataset.focused = \"true\";\n    }\n\n    const [x, y, width, height] = node.rect;\n    element.style.position = \"absolute\";\n    element.style.left = `${x * metrics.cellWidth}px`;\n    element.style.top = `${y * metrics.cellHeight}px`;\n    element.style.width = `${Math.max(1, width) * metrics.cellWidth}px`;\n    element.style.height = `${Math.max(1, height) * metrics.cellHeight}px`;\n\n    return element;\n  }\n\n  private announceLiveRegionChanges(\n    nodes: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    announcements: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[]\n  ): void {\n    const candidates = nodes.filter(\n      (node) => node.liveRegion && node.liveRegion !== \"off\" && node.label\n    );\n    const currentLabelsById = new Map(candidates.map((node) => [node.id, node.label ?? \"\"]));\n    const imperativeAssertive = announcements.filter(\n      (announcement) => announcement.politeness === \"assertive\"\n    );\n    const imperativePolite = announcements.filter(\n      (announcement) => announcement.politeness === \"polite\"\n    );\n\n    if (!this.hasLiveRegionBaseline) {\n      this.previousLabelsById = currentLabelsById;\n      this.hasLiveRegionBaseline = true;\n      this.publishAnnouncements([], imperativeAssertive, [], imperativePolite);\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const changed = candidates.filter((node) => {\n      const previous = this.previousLabelsById.get(node.id);\n      return previous !== undefined && previous !== node.label;\n    });\n    this.previousLabelsById = currentLabelsById;\n\n    const assertive = changed.filter((node) => node.liveRegion === \"assertive\");\n    const polite = changed.filter((node) => node.liveRegion === \"polite\");\n    this.publishAnnouncements(assertive, imperativeAssertive, polite, imperativePolite);\n  }\n\n  private publishAnnouncements(\n    assertive: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    imperativeAssertive: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[],\n    polite: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    imperativePolite: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[]\n  ): void {\n    const ordered = [...assertive, ...imperativeAssertive, ...polite, ...imperativePolite];\n    if (ordered.length === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const politeness = assertive.length > 0 || imperativeAssertive.length > 0\n      ? \"assertive\"\n      : \"polite\";\n    this.announcerElement.setAttribute(\"aria-live\", politeness);\n    this.announcerElement.textContent = ordered.map((entry) => {\n      if (\"message\" in entry) {\n        return entry.message;\n      }\n      return entry.label ?? \"\";\n    }).join(\"\\n\");\n  }\n}\n\nfunction applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(\n  element: HTMLElement\n): void {\n  element.style.position = \"absolute\";\n  element.style.left = \"0\";\n  element.style.top = \"0\";\n  element.style.width = \"1px\";\n  element.style.height = \"1px\";\n  element.style.overflow = \"hidden\";\n  element.style.clipPath = \"inset(50%)\";\n  element.style.whiteSpace = \"nowrap\";\n}\n\nfunction roleMapping(\n  role: string\n): RoleMapping {\n  const heading = /^heading\\(level: ([0-9]+)\\)$/.exec(role);\n  if (heading) {\n    return {\n      role: \"heading\",\n      level: Math.max(1, Math.min(6, Number(heading[1]))),\n    };\n  }\n\n  const custom = /^custom\\((.+)\\)$/.exec(role);\n  if (custom) {\n    return { role: custom[1] };\n  }\n\n  switch (role) {\n  case \"alert\":\n  case \"button\":\n  case \"cell\":\n  case \"checkbox\":\n  case \"grid\":\n  case \"group\":\n  case \"link\":\n  case \"list\":\n  case \"menu\":\n  case \"region\":\n  case \"separator\":\n  case \"slider\":\n  case \"status\":\n  case \"tab\":\n  case \"table\":\n  case \"timer\":\n    return { role };\n  case \"columnHeader\":\n    return { role: \"columnheader\" };\n  case \"confirmationDialog\":\n  case \"sheet\":\n    return { role: \"dialog\" };\n  case \"disclosureGroup\":\n  case \"scrollView\":\n  case \"scrollViewWithIndicators\":\n  case \"section\":\n    return { role: \"region\" };\n  case \"image\":\n    return { role: \"img\" };\n  case \"menuItem\":\n    return { role: \"menuitem\" };\n  case \"picker\":\n    return { role: \"combobox\" };\n  case \"progressBar\":\n    return { role: \"progressbar\" };\n  case \"rowHeader\":\n    return { role: \"rowheader\" };\n  case \"secureField\":\n  case \"textEditor\":\n  case \"textField\":\n    return { role: \"textbox\" };\n  case \"stepper\":\n    return { role: \"spinbutton\" };\n  case \"tabPanel\":\n    return { role: \"tabpanel\" };\n  case \"tableRow\":\n    return { role: \"row\" };\n  case \"tabView\":\n    return { role: \"tablist\" };\n  case \"toggle\":\n    return { role: \"checkbox\" };\n  default:\n    return { role: \"group\" };\n  }\n}\n\nfunction stableDOMId(\n  id: string\n): string {\n  return Array.from(id).map((character) => {\n    if (/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]$/.test(character)) {\n      return character;\n    }\n    return `-${character.codePointAt(0)?.toString(16) ?? 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+{"version":3,"file":"AccessibilityTree.js","names":[],"sources":["../../src/AccessibilityTree.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import type {\n  WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement,\n  WebHostAccessibilityNode,\n} from \"./WebHostSurfaceTransport.ts\";\n\ninterface AccessibilityTreeMetrics {\n  cellWidth: number;\n  cellHeight: number;\n}\n\ninterface AccessibilityTreePresentationOptions {\n  synchronizeFocus?: boolean;\n}\n\ninterface RoleMapping {\n  role?: string;\n  level?: number;\n}\n\nexport class AccessibilityTreeMounter {\n  readonly element: HTMLElement;\n  readonly announcerElement: HTMLElement;\n\n  private nodesById = new Map<string, HTMLElement>();\n  private previousLabelsById = new Map<string, string>();\n  private hasLiveRegionBaseline = false;\n\n  constructor() {\n    this.element = document.createElement(\"div\");\n    this.element.className = \"webhost-scene__accessibility-tree\";\n    applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(this.element);\n\n    this.announcerElement = document.createElement(\"div\");\n    this.announcerElement.className = \"webhost-scene__accessibility-announcer\";\n    this.announcerElement.setAttribute(\"aria-atomic\", \"true\");\n    applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(this.announcerElement);\n  }\n\n  present(\n    nodes: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    metrics: AccessibilityTreeMetrics,\n    announcements: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[] = [],\n    options: AccessibilityTreePresentationOptions = {}\n  ): void {\n    const previousById = this.nodesById;\n    const nextById = new Map<string, HTMLElement>();\n\n    for (const node of nodes) {\n      const existing = previousById.get(node.id);\n      const element = existing ?? document.createElement(\"div\");\n      this.applyNodeAttributes(element, node, metrics);\n      nextById.set(node.id, element);\n    }\n\n    for (const id of previousById.keys()) {\n      if (!nextById.has(id)) {\n        previousById.get(id)?.remove();\n      }\n    }\n\n    this.nodesById = nextById;\n\n    for (const node of nodes) {\n      const element = nextById.get(node.id);\n      if (!element) {\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      const parent = node.parentId ? nextById.get(node.parentId) : undefined;\n      (parent ?? this.element).appendChild(element);\n    }\n\n    this.announceLiveRegionChanges(nodes, announcements);\n\n    const focused = nodes.find((node) => node.isFocused);\n    if ((options.synchronizeFocus ?? true) && focused) {\n      this.nodesById.get(focused.id)?.focus?.({ preventScroll: true });\n    }\n  }\n\n  private applyNodeAttributes(\n    element: HTMLElement,\n    node: WebHostAccessibilityNode,\n    metrics: AccessibilityTreeMetrics\n  ): void {\n    element.id = `swifttui-a11y-${stableDOMId(node.id)}`;\n    element.dataset.accessibilityId = node.id;\n    element.tabIndex = node.isFocused ? 0 : -1;\n\n    const role = roleMapping(node.role);\n    setOrRemoveAttribute(element, \"role\", role.role);\n    setOrRemoveAttribute(\n      element,\n      \"aria-level\",\n      role.level !== undefined ? String(role.level) : undefined\n    );\n    setOrRemoveAttribute(element, \"aria-label\", node.label || undefined);\n    setOrRemoveAttribute(element, \"aria-description\", node.hint || undefined);\n    setOrRemoveAttribute(element, \"aria-live\", node.liveRegion || undefined);\n    if (node.isFocused) {\n      element.dataset.focused = \"true\";\n    } else {\n      delete element.dataset.focused;\n    }\n\n    const [x, y, width, height] = node.rect;\n    element.style.position = \"absolute\";\n    element.style.left = `${x * metrics.cellWidth}px`;\n    element.style.top = `${y * metrics.cellHeight}px`;\n    element.style.width = `${Math.max(1, width) * metrics.cellWidth}px`;\n    element.style.height = `${Math.max(1, height) * metrics.cellHeight}px`;\n  }\n\n  private announceLiveRegionChanges(\n    nodes: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    announcements: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[]\n  ): void {\n    const candidates = nodes.filter(\n      (node) => node.liveRegion && node.liveRegion !== \"off\" && node.label\n    );\n    const currentLabelsById = new Map(candidates.map((node) => [node.id, node.label ?? \"\"]));\n    const imperativeAssertive = announcements.filter(\n      (announcement) => announcement.politeness === \"assertive\"\n    );\n    const imperativePolite = announcements.filter(\n      (announcement) => announcement.politeness === \"polite\"\n    );\n\n    if (!this.hasLiveRegionBaseline) {\n      this.previousLabelsById = currentLabelsById;\n      this.hasLiveRegionBaseline = true;\n      this.publishAnnouncements([], imperativeAssertive, [], imperativePolite);\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const changed = candidates.filter((node) => {\n      const previous = this.previousLabelsById.get(node.id);\n      return previous !== undefined && previous !== node.label;\n    });\n    this.previousLabelsById = currentLabelsById;\n\n    const assertive = changed.filter((node) => node.liveRegion === \"assertive\");\n    const polite = changed.filter((node) => node.liveRegion === \"polite\");\n    this.publishAnnouncements(assertive, imperativeAssertive, polite, imperativePolite);\n  }\n\n  private publishAnnouncements(\n    assertive: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    imperativeAssertive: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[],\n    polite: WebHostAccessibilityNode[],\n    imperativePolite: WebHostAccessibilityAnnouncement[]\n  ): void {\n    const ordered = [...assertive, ...imperativeAssertive, ...polite, ...imperativePolite];\n    if (ordered.length === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const politeness = assertive.length > 0 || imperativeAssertive.length > 0\n      ? \"assertive\"\n      : \"polite\";\n    this.announcerElement.setAttribute(\"aria-live\", politeness);\n    this.announcerElement.textContent = ordered.map((entry) => {\n      if (\"message\" in entry) {\n        return entry.message;\n      }\n      return entry.label ?? \"\";\n    }).join(\"\\n\");\n  }\n}\n\nfunction setOrRemoveAttribute(\n  element: HTMLElement,\n  name: string,\n  value: string | undefined\n): void {\n  if (value === undefined) {\n    element.removeAttribute(name);\n    return;\n  }\n  element.setAttribute(name, value);\n}\n\nfunction applyScreenReaderOnlyStyle(\n  element: HTMLElement\n): void {\n  element.style.position = \"absolute\";\n  element.style.left = \"0\";\n  element.style.top = \"0\";\n  element.style.width = \"1px\";\n  element.style.height = \"1px\";\n  element.style.overflow = \"hidden\";\n  element.style.clipPath = \"inset(50%)\";\n  element.style.whiteSpace = \"nowrap\";\n}\n\nfunction roleMapping(\n  role: string\n): RoleMapping {\n  const heading = /^heading\\(level: ([0-9]+)\\)$/.exec(role);\n  if (heading) {\n    return {\n      role: \"heading\",\n      level: Math.max(1, Math.min(6, Number(heading[1]))),\n    };\n  }\n\n  const custom = /^custom\\((.+)\\)$/.exec(role);\n  if (custom) {\n    return { role: custom[1] };\n  }\n\n  switch (role) {\n  case \"alert\":\n  case \"button\":\n  case \"cell\":\n  case \"checkbox\":\n  case \"grid\":\n  case \"group\":\n  case \"link\":\n  case \"list\":\n  case \"menu\":\n  case \"region\":\n  case \"separator\":\n  case \"slider\":\n  case \"status\":\n  case \"tab\":\n  case \"table\":\n  case \"timer\":\n    return { role };\n  case \"columnHeader\":\n    return { role: \"columnheader\" };\n  case \"confirmationDialog\":\n  case \"sheet\":\n    return { role: \"dialog\" };\n  case \"disclosureGroup\":\n  case \"scrollView\":\n  case \"scrollViewWithIndicators\":\n  case \"section\":\n    return { role: \"region\" };\n  case \"image\":\n    return { role: \"img\" };\n  case \"menuItem\":\n    return { role: \"menuitem\" };\n  case \"picker\":\n    return { role: \"combobox\" };\n  case \"progressBar\":\n    return { role: \"progressbar\" };\n  case \"rowHeader\":\n    return { role: \"rowheader\" };\n  case \"secureField\":\n  case \"textEditor\":\n  case \"textField\":\n    return { role: \"textbox\" };\n  case \"stepper\":\n    return { role: \"spinbutton\" };\n  case \"tabPanel\":\n    return { role: \"tabpanel\" };\n  case \"tableRow\":\n    return { role: \"row\" };\n  case \"tabView\":\n    return { role: \"tablist\" };\n  case \"toggle\":\n    return { role: \"checkbox\" };\n  default:\n    return { role: \"group\" };\n  }\n}\n\nfunction stableDOMId(\n  id: string\n): string {\n  return Array.from(id).map((character) => {\n    if (/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]$/.test(character)) {\n      return character;\n    }\n    return `-${character.codePointAt(0)?.toString(16) ?? 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package/dist/src/CanvasSurfacePainter.js

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+import { webTUITerminalBackgroundColor } from "./WebHostTerminalStyle.js";
+import { canRenderBoxDrawing, drawBoxDrawing } from "./BoxDrawingRenderer.js";
+//#region src/CanvasSurfacePainter.ts
+/**
+* Draws SwiftTUI surface frames onto a 2D canvas: background fills, per-cell
+* text/box-drawing/decorations, surface images, and damage-scoped dirty-region
+* painting. The painter caches decoded images and asks the host to repaint once
+* an image finishes decoding (via the `requestRedraw` callback).
+*
+* Geometry and style are supplied per paint via {@link CanvasSurfaceMetrics};
+* the painter holds only the canvas handle, the image cache, and the redraw
+* callback as durable state.
+*/
+var CanvasSurfacePainter = class {
+	imageCache = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+	canvas;
+	requestRedraw = () => {};
+	/**
+	* Binds the canvas the painter draws into and the callback used to request a
+	* full repaint after an asynchronous image decode completes.
+	*/
+	attach(canvas, requestRedraw) {
+		this.canvas = canvas;
+		this.requestRedraw = requestRedraw;
+	}
+	paint(metrics, frame, damage) {
+		const canvas = this.canvas;
+		const context = canvas?.getContext("2d");
+		if (!canvas || !context) return;
+		const dirtyRegion = frame ? this.dirtyRegionForDamage(damage, frame, metrics) : void 0;
+		if (dirtyRegion?.rects.length === 0) return;
+		const scale = globalThis.window?.devicePixelRatio || 1;
+		context.setTransform(scale, 0, 0, scale, 0, 0);
+		context.textBaseline = "alphabetic";
+		context.fillStyle = webTUITerminalBackgroundColor(metrics.style);
+		if (dirtyRegion) for (const rect of dirtyRegion.rects) {
+			context.clearRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
+			context.fillRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
+		}
+		else {
+			context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width / scale, canvas.height / scale);
+			context.fillRect(0, 0, metrics.columns * metrics.cellWidth, metrics.rows * metrics.cellHeight);
+		}
+		if (!frame) return;
+		this.drawRows(context, frame, metrics, dirtyRegion);
+		this.drawImages(context, frame.images ?? [], metrics, dirtyRegion);
+	}
+	drawRows(context, frame, metrics, dirtyRegion) {
+		if (dirtyRegion) {
+			for (const [y, ranges] of dirtyRegion.rows) {
+				const row = frame.rows[y] ?? [];
+				this.drawRow(context, frame, metrics, row, y, ranges);
+			}
+			return;
+		}
+		for (let y = 0; y < frame.rows.length; y += 1) {
+			const row = frame.rows[y] ?? [];
+			this.drawRow(context, frame, metrics, row, y);
+		}
+	}
+	drawRow(context, frame, metrics, row, y, ranges) {
+		for (const cell of row) {
+			const [x, text, span, styleIndex] = cell;
+			if (ranges !== void 0 && !cellIntersectsRanges(x, span, ranges)) continue;
+			const style = frame.styles[styleIndex] ?? void 0;
+			this.drawCell(context, metrics, x, y, text, span, style);
+		}
+	}
+	drawImages(context, images, metrics, dirtyRegion) {
+		for (const image of images) this.drawImage(context, image, metrics, dirtyRegion);
+	}
+	drawImage(context, image, metrics, dirtyRegion) {
+		const decodedImage = this.cachedImage(image);
+		if (!decodedImage) return;
+		const [boundsX, boundsY, boundsWidth, boundsHeight] = image.bounds;
+		const [clipX, clipY, clipWidth, clipHeight] = image.visibleBounds;
+		if (boundsWidth <= 0 || boundsHeight <= 0 || clipWidth <= 0 || clipHeight <= 0) return;
+		if (dirtyRegion && !dirtyRegionIntersectsCellRect(dirtyRegion, clipX, clipY, clipWidth, clipHeight)) return;
+		context.save();
+		context.beginPath();
+		context.rect(clipX * metrics.cellWidth, clipY * metrics.cellHeight, clipWidth * metrics.cellWidth, clipHeight * metrics.cellHeight);
+		context.clip();
+		context.drawImage(decodedImage, boundsX * metrics.cellWidth, boundsY * metrics.cellHeight, boundsWidth * metrics.cellWidth, boundsHeight * metrics.cellHeight);
+		context.restore();
+	}
+	cachedImage(image) {
+		const cached = this.imageCache.get(image.id);
+		if (cached?.image) return cached.image;
+		if (!cached?.promise && image.dataBase64) {
+			const promise = decodeImage(image.dataBase64, image.format);
+			this.imageCache.set(image.id, { promise });
+			promise.then((decodedImage) => {
+				if (this.imageCache.get(image.id)?.promise !== promise) return;
+				this.imageCache.set(image.id, { image: decodedImage });
+				this.requestRedraw();
+			}).catch(() => {
+				this.imageCache.delete(image.id);
+			});
+		}
+	}
+	drawCell(context, metrics, x, y, text, span, style) {
+		const rectX = x * metrics.cellWidth;
+		const rectY = y * metrics.cellHeight;
+		const width = Math.max(1, span) * metrics.cellWidth;
+		const background = resolvedBackground(style, metrics.style);
+		const foreground = resolvedForeground(style, metrics.style);
+		const opacity = style?.opacity ?? 1;
+		if (background) {
+			context.globalAlpha = opacity;
+			context.fillStyle = background;
+			context.fillRect(rectX, rectY, width, metrics.cellHeight);
+		}
+		if (text !== " ") {
+			context.globalAlpha = opacity;
+			context.fillStyle = foreground;
+			context.strokeStyle = foreground;
+			if (!canRenderBoxDrawing(text) || !drawBoxDrawing(context, text, {
+				x: rectX,
+				y: rectY,
+				width,
+				height: metrics.cellHeight
+			})) {
+				context.font = fontForStyle(metrics.style, style);
+				context.fillText(text, rectX, rectY + Math.floor((metrics.cellHeight + metrics.style.fontSize) / 2) - 2);
+			}
+		}
+		this.drawTextLine(context, metrics, rectX, rectY, width, style?.underline, "underline", foreground);
+		this.drawTextLine(context, metrics, rectX, rectY, width, style?.strikethrough, "strike", foreground);
+		context.globalAlpha = 1;
+	}
+	dirtyRegionForDamage(damage, frame, metrics) {
+		if (!damage || damage.requiresFullTextRepaint || damage.requiresFullGraphicsReplay) return;
+		const rects = [];
+		const rows = /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+		for (const [row, ranges] of damage.textRows) {
+			if (row < 0 || row >= frame.height) continue;
+			if (ranges.length === 0) {
+				rects.push(cellRect(metrics, 0, row, frame.width));
+				rows.set(row, "full");
+				continue;
+			}
+			const rowRanges = rows.get(row) === "full" ? [] : [...rows.get(row) ?? []];
+			for (const [start, end] of ranges) {
+				const lowerBound = Math.max(0, Math.min(frame.width, Math.floor(start)));
+				const upperBound = Math.max(lowerBound, Math.min(frame.width, Math.ceil(end)));
+				if (lowerBound >= upperBound) continue;
+				rects.push(cellRect(metrics, lowerBound, row, upperBound - lowerBound));
+				rowRanges.push({
+					start: lowerBound,
+					end: upperBound
+				});
+			}
+			if (rows.get(row) !== "full" && rowRanges.length > 0) rows.set(row, normalizeCellRanges(rowRanges));
+		}
+		return {
+			rects,
+			rows
+		};
+	}
+	drawTextLine(context, metrics, x, y, width, line, placement, fallbackColor) {
+		if (!line) return;
+		context.strokeStyle = line.color ?? fallbackColor;
+		context.lineWidth = line.pattern === "double" ? 2 : 1;
+		if (line.pattern === "dot") context.setLineDash([1, 3]);
+		else if (line.pattern === "dash") context.setLineDash([4, 3]);
+		else context.setLineDash([]);
+		const lineY = placement === "underline" ? y + metrics.cellHeight - 2 : y + Math.floor(metrics.cellHeight / 2);
+		context.beginPath();
+		context.moveTo(x, lineY);
+		context.lineTo(x + width, lineY);
+		context.stroke();
+		context.setLineDash([]);
+	}
+};
+/**
+* The CSS font string for a cell, folding the surface emphasis bits (bold,
+* italic) over the host terminal's font size/family. Exposed so the host can
+* reuse the exact same metric when measuring cell dimensions.
+*/
+function fontForStyle(terminalStyle, style) {
+	const emphasis = style?.em ?? 0;
+	return `${(emphasis & 2) !== 0 ? "italic " : ""}${(emphasis & 1) !== 0 ? "700 " : ""}${terminalStyle.fontSize}px ${terminalStyle.fontFamily}`;
+}
+function cellRect(metrics, x, y, span) {
+	return {
+		x: x * metrics.cellWidth,
+		y: y * metrics.cellHeight,
+		width: Math.max(1, span) * metrics.cellWidth,
+		height: metrics.cellHeight
+	};
+}
+async function decodeImage(dataBase64, format) {
+	const bytes = decodeBase64Bytes(dataBase64);
+	const blob = new Blob([bytes], { type: `image/${format}` });
+	if (typeof createImageBitmap === "function") return createImageBitmap(blob);
+	return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+		const image = new Image();
+		const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+		image.onload = () => {
+			URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
+			resolve(image);
+		};
+		image.onerror = () => {
+			URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
+			reject(/* @__PURE__ */ new Error(`Failed to decode ${format} image`));
+		};
+		image.src = url;
+	});
+}
+function decodeBase64Bytes(value) {
+	if (typeof atob === "function") {
+		const binary = atob(value);
+		const bytes = new Uint8Array(binary.length);
+		for (let index = 0; index < binary.length; index += 1) bytes[index] = binary.charCodeAt(index);
+		return bytes;
+	}
+	return new Uint8Array(Buffer.from(value, "base64"));
+}
+function normalizeCellRanges(ranges) {
+	const sorted = ranges.filter((range) => range.end > range.start).sort((lhs, rhs) => lhs.start - rhs.start || lhs.end - rhs.end);
+	const normalized = [];
+	for (const range of sorted) {
+		const previous = normalized[normalized.length - 1];
+		if (previous && range.start <= previous.end) {
+			previous.end = Math.max(previous.end, range.end);
+			continue;
+		}
+		normalized.push({ ...range });
+	}
+	return normalized;
+}
+function cellIntersectsRanges(x, span, ranges) {
+	if (ranges === "full") return true;
+	const start = Math.floor(x);
+	const end = start + Math.max(1, Math.ceil(span));
+	return ranges.some((range) => start < range.end && end > range.start);
+}
+function dirtyRegionIntersectsCellRect(region, x, y, width, height) {
+	const startRow = Math.max(0, Math.floor(y));
+	const endRow = Math.max(startRow, Math.ceil(y + height));
+	const rectRange = {
+		start: Math.floor(x),
+		end: Math.floor(x) + Math.max(1, Math.ceil(width))
+	};
+	for (let row = startRow; row < endRow; row += 1) {
+		const ranges = region.rows.get(row);
+		if (!ranges) continue;
+		if (cellIntersectsRanges(rectRange.start, rectRange.end - rectRange.start, ranges)) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+function resolvedForeground(style, terminalStyle) {
+	if ((style?.em ?? 0) & 16) return style?.bg ?? terminalStyle.theme.background;
+	return style?.fg ?? terminalStyle.theme.foreground;
+}
+function resolvedBackground(style, terminalStyle) {
+	if ((style?.em ?? 0) & 16) return style?.fg ?? terminalStyle.theme.foreground;
+	return style?.bg;
+}
+//#endregion
+export { CanvasSurfacePainter, fontForStyle };
+
+//# sourceMappingURL=CanvasSurfacePainter.js.map

package/dist/src/CanvasSurfacePainter.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"CanvasSurfacePainter.js","names":[],"sources":["../../src/CanvasSurfacePainter.ts"],"sourcesContent":["import {\n  canRenderBoxDrawing,\n  drawBoxDrawing,\n} from \"./BoxDrawingRenderer.ts\";\nimport {\n  type ResolvedWebHostTerminalStyle,\n  webTUITerminalBackgroundColor,\n} from \"./WebHostTerminalStyle.ts\";\nimport type {\n  WebHostSurfaceDamage,\n  WebHostSurfaceFrame,\n  WebHostSurfaceImage,\n  WebHostSurfaceImageFormat,\n  WebHostSurfaceStyle,\n} from \"./WebHostSurfaceTransport.ts\";\n\n/**\n * A read-only snapshot of the cell grid geometry and active style the painter\n * needs for a single paint pass. The runtime owns this state and mutates it as\n * the surface resizes or restyles; passing a fresh snapshot per `paint` keeps\n * the painter stateless about geometry and avoids stale reads.\n */\nexport interface CanvasSurfaceMetrics {\n  columns: number;\n  rows: number;\n  cellWidth: number;\n  cellHeight: number;\n  style: ResolvedWebHostTerminalStyle;\n}\n\ninterface CachedWebHostImage {\n  image?: CanvasImageSource;\n  promise?: Promise<CanvasImageSource>;\n}\n\ninterface DirtyRect {\n  x: number;\n  y: number;\n  width: number;\n  height: number;\n}\n\ninterface DirtyCellRange {\n  start: number;\n  end: number;\n}\n\ntype DirtyRowRanges = \"full\" | DirtyCellRange[];\n\ninterface DirtyRegion {\n  rects: DirtyRect[];\n  rows: Map<number, DirtyRowRanges>;\n}\n\n/**\n * Draws SwiftTUI surface frames onto a 2D canvas: background fills, per-cell\n * text/box-drawing/decorations, surface images, and damage-scoped dirty-region\n * painting. The painter caches decoded images and asks the host to repaint once\n * an image finishes decoding (via the `requestRedraw` callback).\n *\n * Geometry and style are supplied per paint via {@link CanvasSurfaceMetrics};\n * the painter holds only the canvas handle, the image cache, and the redraw\n * callback as durable state.\n */\nexport class CanvasSurfacePainter {\n  private readonly imageCache = new Map<string, CachedWebHostImage>();\n  private canvas?: HTMLCanvasElement;\n  private requestRedraw: () => void = () => {};\n\n  /**\n   * Binds the canvas the painter draws into and the callback used to request a\n   * full repaint after an asynchronous image decode completes.\n   */\n  attach(\n    canvas: HTMLCanvasElement,\n    requestRedraw: () => void\n  ): void {\n    this.canvas = canvas;\n    this.requestRedraw = requestRedraw;\n  }\n\n  paint(\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    frame: WebHostSurfaceFrame | undefined,\n    damage?: WebHostSurfaceDamage\n  ): void {\n    const canvas = this.canvas;\n    const context = canvas?.getContext(\"2d\");\n    if (!canvas || !context) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const dirtyRegion = frame\n      ? this.dirtyRegionForDamage(damage, frame, metrics)\n      : undefined;\n    if (dirtyRegion?.rects.length === 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const scale = globalThis.window?.devicePixelRatio || 1;\n    context.setTransform(scale, 0, 0, scale, 0, 0);\n    context.textBaseline = \"alphabetic\";\n\n    context.fillStyle = webTUITerminalBackgroundColor(metrics.style);\n    if (dirtyRegion) {\n      for (const rect of dirtyRegion.rects) {\n        context.clearRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);\n        context.fillRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);\n      }\n    } else {\n      context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width / scale, canvas.height / scale);\n      context.fillRect(0, 0, metrics.columns * metrics.cellWidth, metrics.rows * metrics.cellHeight);\n    }\n\n    if (!frame) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    this.drawRows(context, frame, metrics, dirtyRegion);\n    this.drawImages(context, frame.images ?? [], metrics, dirtyRegion);\n  }\n\n  private drawRows(\n    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,\n    frame: WebHostSurfaceFrame,\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    dirtyRegion?: DirtyRegion\n  ): void {\n    if (dirtyRegion) {\n      for (const [y, ranges] of dirtyRegion.rows) {\n        const row = frame.rows[y] ?? [];\n        this.drawRow(context, frame, metrics, row, y, ranges);\n      }\n      return;\n    }\n\n    for (let y = 0; y < frame.rows.length; y += 1) {\n      const row = frame.rows[y] ?? [];\n      this.drawRow(context, frame, metrics, row, y);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private drawRow(\n    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,\n    frame: WebHostSurfaceFrame,\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    row: WebHostSurfaceFrame[\"rows\"][number],\n    y: number,\n    ranges?: DirtyRowRanges\n  ): void {\n    for (const cell of row) {\n      const [x, text, span, styleIndex] = cell;\n      if (ranges !== undefined && !cellIntersectsRanges(x, span, ranges)) {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const style = frame.styles[styleIndex] ?? undefined;\n      this.drawCell(context, metrics, x, y, text, span, style);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private drawImages(\n    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,\n    images: WebHostSurfaceImage[],\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    dirtyRegion?: DirtyRegion\n  ): void {\n    for (const image of images) {\n      this.drawImage(context, image, metrics, dirtyRegion);\n    }\n  }\n\n  private drawImage(\n    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,\n    image: WebHostSurfaceImage,\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    dirtyRegion?: DirtyRegion\n  ): void {\n    const decodedImage = this.cachedImage(image);\n    if (!decodedImage) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    const [boundsX, boundsY, boundsWidth, boundsHeight] = image.bounds;\n    const [clipX, clipY, clipWidth, clipHeight] = image.visibleBounds;\n    if (boundsWidth <= 0 || boundsHeight <= 0 || clipWidth <= 0 || clipHeight <= 0) {\n      return;\n    }\n    if (\n      dirtyRegion\n      && !dirtyRegionIntersectsCellRect(dirtyRegion, clipX, clipY, clipWidth, clipHeight)\n    ) {\n      return;\n    }\n\n    context.save();\n    context.beginPath();\n    context.rect(\n      clipX * metrics.cellWidth,\n      clipY * metrics.cellHeight,\n      clipWidth * metrics.cellWidth,\n      clipHeight * metrics.cellHeight\n    );\n    context.clip();\n    context.drawImage(\n      decodedImage,\n      boundsX * metrics.cellWidth,\n      boundsY * metrics.cellHeight,\n      boundsWidth * metrics.cellWidth,\n      boundsHeight * metrics.cellHeight\n    );\n    context.restore();\n  }\n\n  private cachedImage(\n    image: WebHostSurfaceImage\n  ): CanvasImageSource | undefined {\n    const cached = this.imageCache.get(image.id);\n    if (cached?.image) {\n      return cached.image;\n    }\n\n    if (!cached?.promise && image.dataBase64) {\n      const promise = decodeImage(image.dataBase64, image.format);\n      this.imageCache.set(image.id, { promise });\n      void promise.then((decodedImage) => {\n        const latest = this.imageCache.get(image.id);\n        if (latest?.promise !== promise) {\n          return;\n        }\n        this.imageCache.set(image.id, { image: decodedImage });\n        this.requestRedraw();\n      }).catch(() => {\n        this.imageCache.delete(image.id);\n      });\n    }\n\n    return undefined;\n  }\n\n  private drawCell(\n    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    x: number,\n    y: number,\n    text: string,\n    span: number,\n    style?: WebHostSurfaceStyle | null\n  ): void {\n    const rectX = x * metrics.cellWidth;\n    const rectY = y * metrics.cellHeight;\n    const width = Math.max(1, span) * metrics.cellWidth;\n    const background = resolvedBackground(style, metrics.style);\n    const foreground = resolvedForeground(style, metrics.style);\n    const opacity = style?.opacity ?? 1;\n\n    if (background) {\n      context.globalAlpha = opacity;\n      context.fillStyle = background;\n      context.fillRect(rectX, rectY, width, metrics.cellHeight);\n    }\n\n    if (text !== \" \") {\n      context.globalAlpha = opacity;\n      context.fillStyle = foreground;\n      context.strokeStyle = foreground;\n      if (!canRenderBoxDrawing(text) || !drawBoxDrawing(context, text, {\n        x: rectX,\n        y: rectY,\n        width,\n        height: metrics.cellHeight,\n      })) {\n        context.font = fontForStyle(metrics.style, style);\n        context.fillText(\n          text,\n          rectX,\n          rectY + Math.floor((metrics.cellHeight + metrics.style.fontSize) / 2) - 2\n        );\n      }\n    }\n\n    this.drawTextLine(context, metrics, rectX, rectY, width, style?.underline, \"underline\", foreground);\n    this.drawTextLine(context, metrics, rectX, rectY, width, style?.strikethrough, \"strike\", foreground);\n    context.globalAlpha = 1;\n  }\n\n  private dirtyRegionForDamage(\n    damage: WebHostSurfaceDamage | undefined,\n    frame: WebHostSurfaceFrame,\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics\n  ): DirtyRegion | undefined {\n    if (!damage || damage.requiresFullTextRepaint || damage.requiresFullGraphicsReplay) {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n\n    const rects: DirtyRect[] = [];\n    const rows = new Map<number, DirtyRowRanges>();\n    for (const [row, ranges] of damage.textRows) {\n      if (row < 0 || row >= frame.height) {\n        continue;\n      }\n      if (ranges.length === 0) {\n        rects.push(cellRect(metrics, 0, row, frame.width));\n        rows.set(row, \"full\");\n        continue;\n      }\n      const rowRanges: DirtyCellRange[] = rows.get(row) === \"full\"\n        ? []\n        : [...(rows.get(row) as DirtyCellRange[] | undefined ?? [])];\n      for (const [start, end] of ranges) {\n        const lowerBound = Math.max(0, Math.min(frame.width, Math.floor(start)));\n        const upperBound = Math.max(lowerBound, Math.min(frame.width, Math.ceil(end)));\n        if (lowerBound >= upperBound) {\n          continue;\n        }\n        rects.push(cellRect(metrics, lowerBound, row, upperBound - lowerBound));\n        rowRanges.push({ start: lowerBound, end: upperBound });\n      }\n      if (rows.get(row) !== \"full\" && rowRanges.length > 0) {\n        rows.set(row, normalizeCellRanges(rowRanges));\n      }\n    }\n    return { rects, rows };\n  }\n\n  private drawTextLine(\n    context: CanvasRenderingContext2D,\n    metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n    x: number,\n    y: number,\n    width: number,\n    line: WebHostSurfaceStyle[\"underline\"],\n    placement: \"underline\" | \"strike\",\n    fallbackColor: string\n  ): void {\n    if (!line) {\n      return;\n    }\n    context.strokeStyle = line.color ?? fallbackColor;\n    context.lineWidth = line.pattern === \"double\" ? 2 : 1;\n    if (line.pattern === \"dot\") {\n      context.setLineDash([1, 3]);\n    } else if (line.pattern === \"dash\") {\n      context.setLineDash([4, 3]);\n    } else {\n      context.setLineDash([]);\n    }\n\n    const lineY = placement === \"underline\"\n      ? y + metrics.cellHeight - 2\n      : y + Math.floor(metrics.cellHeight / 2);\n    context.beginPath();\n    context.moveTo(x, lineY);\n    context.lineTo(x + width, lineY);\n    context.stroke();\n    context.setLineDash([]);\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * The CSS font string for a cell, folding the surface emphasis bits (bold,\n * italic) over the host terminal's font size/family. Exposed so the host can\n * reuse the exact same metric when measuring cell dimensions.\n */\nexport function fontForStyle(\n  terminalStyle: ResolvedWebHostTerminalStyle,\n  style?: WebHostSurfaceStyle | null\n): string {\n  const emphasis = style?.em ?? 0;\n  const italic = (emphasis & 2) !== 0 ? \"italic \" : \"\";\n  const weight = (emphasis & 1) !== 0 ? \"700 \" : \"\";\n  return `${italic}${weight}${terminalStyle.fontSize}px ${terminalStyle.fontFamily}`;\n}\n\nfunction cellRect(\n  metrics: CanvasSurfaceMetrics,\n  x: number,\n  y: number,\n  span: number\n): DirtyRect {\n  return {\n    x: x * metrics.cellWidth,\n    y: y * metrics.cellHeight,\n    width: Math.max(1, span) * metrics.cellWidth,\n    height: metrics.cellHeight,\n  };\n}\n\nasync function decodeImage(\n  dataBase64: string,\n  format: WebHostSurfaceImageFormat\n): Promise<CanvasImageSource> {\n  const bytes = decodeBase64Bytes(dataBase64);\n  const blob = new Blob([bytes], { type: `image/${format}` });\n\n  if (typeof createImageBitmap === \"function\") {\n    // Animated GIFs collapse to their first frame in createImageBitmap\n    // — that matches the Kitty path's first-frame composite. Phase 7\n    // will replace this with a frame ticker.\n    return createImageBitmap(blob);\n  }\n\n  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {\n    const image = new Image();\n    const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\n    image.onload = () => {\n      URL.revokeObjectURL(url);\n      resolve(image);\n    };\n    image.onerror = () => {\n      URL.revokeObjectURL(url);\n      reject(new Error(`Failed to decode ${format} image`));\n    };\n    image.src = url;\n  });\n}\n\nfunction decodeBase64Bytes(\n  value: string\n): Uint8Array {\n  if (typeof atob === \"function\") {\n    const binary = atob(value);\n    const bytes = new Uint8Array(binary.length);\n    for (let index = 0; index < binary.length; index += 1) {\n      bytes[index] = binary.charCodeAt(index);\n    }\n    return bytes;\n  }\n\n  return new Uint8Array(Buffer.from(value, \"base64\"));\n}\n\nfunction normalizeCellRanges(\n  ranges: DirtyCellRange[]\n): DirtyCellRange[] {\n  const sorted = ranges\n    .filter((range) => range.end > range.start)\n    .sort((lhs, rhs) => lhs.start - rhs.start || lhs.end - rhs.end);\n  const normalized: DirtyCellRange[] = [];\n  for (const range of sorted) {\n    const previous = normalized[normalized.length - 1];\n    if (previous && range.start <= previous.end) {\n      previous.end = Math.max(previous.end, range.end);\n      continue;\n    }\n    normalized.push({ ...range });\n  }\n  return normalized;\n}\n\nfunction cellIntersectsRanges(\n  x: number,\n  span: number,\n  ranges: DirtyRowRanges\n): boolean {\n  if (ranges === \"full\") {\n    return true;\n  }\n  const start = Math.floor(x);\n  const end = start + Math.max(1, Math.ceil(span));\n  return ranges.some((range) => start < range.end && end > range.start);\n}\n\nfunction dirtyRegionIntersectsCellRect(\n  region: DirtyRegion,\n  x: number,\n  y: number,\n  width: number,\n  height: number\n): boolean {\n  const startRow = Math.max(0, Math.floor(y));\n  const endRow = Math.max(startRow, Math.ceil(y + height));\n  const rectRange = {\n    start: Math.floor(x),\n    end: Math.floor(x) + Math.max(1, Math.ceil(width)),\n  };\n  for (let row = startRow; row < endRow; row += 1) {\n    const ranges = region.rows.get(row);\n    if (!ranges) {\n      continue;\n    }\n    if (cellIntersectsRanges(rectRange.start, rectRange.end - rectRange.start, ranges)) {\n      return true;\n    }\n  }\n  return false;\n}\n\nfunction resolvedForeground(\n  style: WebHostSurfaceStyle | null | undefined,\n  terminalStyle: ResolvedWebHostTerminalStyle\n): string {\n  if ((style?.em ?? 0) & 16) {\n    return style?.bg ?? terminalStyle.theme.background;\n  }\n  return style?.fg ?? terminalStyle.theme.foreground;\n}\n\nfunction resolvedBackground(\n  style: WebHostSurfaceStyle | null | undefined,\n  terminalStyle: ResolvedWebHostTerminalStyle\n): string | undefined {\n  if ((style?.em ?? 0) & 16) {\n    return style?.fg ?? terminalStyle.theme.foreground;\n  }\n  return 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