@surea11y/core 1.7.0 → 1.8.0

package/src/checks/manual/p-as-heading-manual.js

@@ -5,14 +5,15 @@
 /**
  * @check p-as-heading
  * @atomic true
- * @summary A <p> styled to look like a heading should probably be a real heading
+ * @summary Text styled to look like a heading should probably be a real heading
  * @standard WCAG 2.2
  * @sc 1.3.1
  * @applicability
- *   `<p>` elements with short (<=120 char), non-empty trimmed text
- *   content that is entirely bold (the `<p>`'s own computed
- *   `font-weight` >= 700, OR its entire text is wrapped in a single
- *   `<strong>`/`<b>` child) and rendered at >=18px.
+ *   `<p>` elements, and `<div>` elements that hold only text and inline
+ *   markup, with short (<=120 char), non-empty trimmed text in which every
+ *   piece of text is bold (computed `font-weight` >= 700, however it got
+ *   there: on the element itself, a `<strong>`/`<b>` or a styled `<span>`)
+ *   and rendered at >=18px.
  * @expectation
  *   Text styled to visually read as a heading (bold, larger-than-body
  *   size, short) should be marked up with a real heading element
@@ -30,14 +31,22 @@
  *   surrounding text (unlike `link-in-text-block`); it's simpler on
  *   purpose, since "looks like a heading" is closer to an absolute
  *   judgment than a relative-contrast one.
+ * - Weight and size are read from the element that holds each piece of
+ *   text, so `<p><span style="font-weight:bold">` counts and a `<p>` with
+ *   one normal-weight word does not.
+ * - A `<div>` is only considered when it has no block, list, table, form
+ *   control or image inside it, so only the innermost block is asked
+ *   about. A `<div>` with a role, and text inside a heading, button,
+ *   label, legend, caption, table header or `<summary>`, are left out:
+ *   that text already has a role of its own.
  */
 
 const id = 'p-as-heading';
 
 const meta = {
-  title: 'A <p> styled to look like a heading should probably be a real heading',
+  title: 'Text styled to look like a heading should probably be a real heading',
   description:
-    'Flags short <p> elements whose entire text is bold and rendered at >=18px, for manual review of whether a real heading element should be used instead.',
+    'Flags short <p> and <div> elements whose text is all bold and rendered at >=18px, for manual review of whether a real heading element should be used instead.',
   i18n: {
     titleKey: 'pAsHeading_title',
     descriptionKey: 'pAsHeading_description'
@@ -93,65 +102,101 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
     return Number.isFinite(n) && n >= 700;
   }
 
-  function isEntirelyBold(p, text) {
-    const cs = safeComputedStyle(p);
-    if (isBoldWeight(cs)) return true;
-
-    // A single <strong>/<b> child that wraps the whole text also counts.
-    const children = Array.from(p.children || []);
-    const boldWrap = children.find((c) => {
-      const tag = (c.tagName || '').toLowerCase();
-      return tag === 'strong' || tag === 'b';
-    });
-    if (boldWrap && children.length === 1) {
-      const wrapText = trim(boldWrap.textContent || '');
-      if (wrapText && wrapText === text) return true;
+  // Elements whose text already has a role of its own.
+  const OWN_ROLE_ANCESTORS =
+    'h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, [role="heading"], button, [role="button"], label, legend, caption, th, [role="columnheader"], [role="rowheader"], summary';
+
+  // Anything but text and inline markup makes a <div> a container, not a
+  // passage of text.
+  const NOT_INLINE =
+    'address, article, aside, blockquote, details, dialog, div, dl, fieldset, figure, figcaption, footer, form, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, header, hgroup, hr, li, main, nav, ol, p, pre, section, table, ul, img, svg, picture, video, audio, canvas, iframe, object, embed, input, select, textarea, button';
+
+  function textPieces(el) {
+    const pieces = [];
+    const doc = el.ownerDocument;
+    const walker = doc.createTreeWalker(el, 4 /* NodeFilter.SHOW_TEXT */);
+    let node = walker.nextNode();
+    while (node) {
+      if (trim(node.nodeValue) && node.parentElement) pieces.push(node.parentElement);
+      node = walker.nextNode();
     }
-    return false;
+    return pieces;
   }
 
-  function getFontSizePx(p) {
-    const cs = safeComputedStyle(p);
-    if (!cs) return 0;
-    const px = Number.parseFloat(cs.fontSize);
-    return Number.isFinite(px) ? px : 0;
+  // Every piece of text is bold, and the smallest is the size reported.
+  function boldSize(el) {
+    let minPx = Infinity;
+    for (const holder of textPieces(el)) {
+      const cs = safeComputedStyle(holder);
+      if (!isBoldWeight(cs)) return 0;
+      const px = Number.parseFloat(cs.fontSize);
+      if (!Number.isFinite(px)) return 0;
+      minPx = Math.min(minPx, px);
+    }
+    return Number.isFinite(minPx) ? minPx : 0;
+  }
+
+  function isCandidate(el) {
+    const tag = (el.tagName || '').toLowerCase();
+    if (el.closest && el.closest(OWN_ROLE_ANCESTORS)) return false;
+    if (tag === 'p') return true;
+    if (tag !== 'div') return false;
+    if (trim(el.getAttribute('role'))) return false;
+    return !el.querySelector(NOT_INLINE);
   }
 
-  const nodes = helpers.queryAllSmart ? helpers.queryAllSmart('p') : helpers.queryAll('p');
+  const nodes = helpers.queryAllSmart
+    ? helpers.queryAllSmart('p, div')
+    : helpers.queryAll('p, div');
 
   const occurrences = [];
   let applicableCount = 0;
 
   for (const el of nodes) {
     if (!el || !el.getAttribute) continue;
+    if (!isCandidate(el)) continue;
 
     const text = trim(el.textContent || '');
     if (!text || text.length > MAX_HEADING_LIKE_CHARS) continue;
 
     applicableCount += 1;
 
-    if (!isEntirelyBold(el, text)) continue;
-
-    const fontSizePx = getFontSizePx(el);
+    const fontSizePx = boldSize(el);
     if (fontSizePx < MIN_FONT_SIZE_PX) continue;
 
+    const isParagraph = (el.tagName || '').toLowerCase() === 'p';
     const stableSelector = helpers.buildSelector ? helpers.buildSelector(el) : 'html';
     const html = helpers.getOuterHtmlSnippet ? helpers.getOuterHtmlSnippet(el) : el.outerHTML || '';
 
-    const baseOccurrence = {
-      selector: stableSelector,
-      html,
-      summary: 'This paragraph is entirely bold and rendered at a heading-like size.',
-      hint: 'If this text introduces a new section, use a real heading element (<h1>-<h6> or role="heading") instead of styling a paragraph to look like one.',
-      i18n: {
-        summaryKey: 'pAsHeading_summary_cantTell',
-        hintKey: 'pAsHeading_hint_cantTell',
-        params: { fontSizePx: String(fontSizePx) }
-      },
-      data: {
-        details: { reasonCode: 'BOLD_LARGE_PARAGRAPH', fontSizePx }
-      }
-    };
+    const baseOccurrence = isParagraph
+      ? {
+          selector: stableSelector,
+          html,
+          summary: 'This paragraph is entirely bold and rendered at a heading-like size.',
+          hint: 'If this text introduces a new section, use a real heading element (<h1>-<h6> or role="heading") instead of styling a paragraph to look like one.',
+          i18n: {
+            summaryKey: 'pAsHeading_summary_cantTell',
+            hintKey: 'pAsHeading_hint_cantTell',
+            params: { fontSizePx: String(fontSizePx) }
+          },
+          data: {
+            details: { reasonCode: 'BOLD_LARGE_PARAGRAPH', fontSizePx }
+          }
+        }
+      : {
+          selector: stableSelector,
+          html,
+          summary: 'This block of text is entirely bold and rendered at a heading-like size.',
+          hint: 'If this text introduces a new section, use a real heading element (<h1>-<h6> or role="heading") instead of styling a <div> to look like one.',
+          i18n: {
+            summaryKey: 'pAsHeading_summary_cantTell_div',
+            hintKey: 'pAsHeading_hint_cantTell_div',
+            params: { fontSizePx: String(fontSizePx) }
+          },
+          data: {
+            details: { reasonCode: 'BOLD_LARGE_DIV', fontSizePx }
+          }
+        };
 
     if (helpers && typeof helpers.reportOccurrence === 'function') {
       occurrences.push(helpers.reportOccurrence(el, baseOccurrence));

package/src/checks/manual/page-title-patterns-manual.js

@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@
  * @sc 2.4.2
  * @applicability
  *   Applies to a run over a whole document whose <title> resolves to
- *   non-empty text; a missing or empty title is page-title-present's
+ *   non-empty text. The title element is the first HTML <title> anywhere in
+ *   the document, as for document.title, so one the parser left in <body>
+ *   counts; a missing or empty title is page-title-present's
  *   failure, not a pattern to review. A run narrowed by contextSelector or
  *   by engineOptions.fragment is notApplicable, as is a title matching none
  *   of the patterns below.
@@ -78,7 +80,24 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
   const occurrences = [];
   let applicableCount = 1;
 
-  const titleEl = document.querySelector('head > title');
+  // The document's title element, found as page-title-present finds it: the
+  // first HTML-namespace <title> anywhere in the document, since a <title>
+  // the parser leaves in <body> is still what document.title reads. An inline
+  // <svg><title> is not the page title.
+  const HTML_NS = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
+  let titleEl = null;
+  for (const t of Array.from(document.getElementsByTagName('title'))) {
+    if (!t.namespaceURI || t.namespaceURI === HTML_NS) {
+      titleEl = t;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  // Kept as the stable selector for the usual place; a <title> elsewhere gets
+  // the selector the engine builds for the node.
+  const titleSelector =
+    titleEl && titleEl.parentElement && titleEl.parentElement.localName === 'head'
+      ? 'head > title'
+      : undefined;
   const rawTitle = document.title || '';
   const titleText = rawTitle.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
   const titleLc = titleText.toLowerCase();
@@ -176,7 +195,7 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
             };
 
         const occBase = {
-          selector: 'head > title',
+          selector: titleSelector,
           html: '',
           summary:
             'The set of page titles may not be descriptive enough to distinguish pages by topic or purpose.',
@@ -244,18 +263,68 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
     return { ruleId: rule.ruleId, outcome: 'notApplicable', severity: 'minor', occurrences: [] };
   }
 
-  const GENERIC_TITLES = new Set(['home', 'homepage', 'welcome', 'untitled', 'page', 'document']);
+  const GENERIC_TITLES = {
+    en: new Set(['home', 'homepage', 'welcome', 'untitled', 'page', 'document']),
+    de: new Set(['startseite', 'willkommen', 'unbenannt', 'ohne titel', 'seite', 'dokument']),
+    es: new Set([
+      'inicio',
+      'página de inicio',
+      'bienvenido',
+      'bienvenida',
+      'sin título',
+      'página',
+      'documento'
+    ]),
+    fr: new Set(['accueil', "page d'accueil", 'bienvenue', 'sans titre', 'page', 'document']),
+    ja: new Set(['ホーム', 'トップページ', 'トップ', 'ようこそ', '無題', 'ページ', 'ドキュメント'])
+  };
+
+  // The page-specific half of "Brand | Home" in languages other than
+  // English. English keeps its word-boundary patterns below.
+  const TEMPLATE_TOKENS = {
+    de: ['startseite', 'willkommen'],
+    es: ['inicio', 'página de inicio', 'bienvenido', 'bienvenida'],
+    fr: ['accueil', "page d'accueil", 'bienvenue'],
+    ja: ['ホーム', 'トップページ', 'トップ', 'ようこそ']
+  };
+
+  const htmlEl = document.documentElement;
+  const pageLang =
+    htmlEl && htmlEl.getAttribute && htmlEl.getAttribute('lang')
+      ? htmlEl.getAttribute('lang').trim().split('-')[0].toLowerCase()
+      : '';
+  const titleNorm = titleLc.normalize('NFKC').replace(/[\u2018\u2019]/g, "'");
+
+  // Chinese, Japanese and Korean characters each carry roughly a word, so
+  // they count double: 「お問い合わせ」 is a full title in six characters.
+  function effectiveLength(s) {
+    let n = 0;
+    for (const ch of s)
+      n += /[\u3040-\u30ff\u3400-\u9fff\uac00-\ud7af\uf900-\ufaff]/.test(ch) ? 2 : 1;
+    return n;
+  }
 
   // Conservative signals:
   // - very short title (likely non-descriptive)
   // - title is one of a small set of generic titles
-  const isVeryShort = titleText.length > 0 && titleText.length < 8;
-  const isGeneric = GENERIC_TITLES.has(titleLc);
+  const isVeryShort = titleText.length > 0 && effectiveLength(titleText) < 8;
+  const isGeneric =
+    GENERIC_TITLES.en.has(titleNorm) ||
+    !!(pageLang && GENERIC_TITLES[pageLang] && GENERIC_TITLES[pageLang].has(titleNorm));
+
+  function isLocalTemplate(title) {
+    const tokens = TEMPLATE_TOKENS[pageLang];
+    if (!tokens) return false;
+    const parts = title.split(/\s*(?:\||-|—|:)\s*/).filter(Boolean);
+    if (parts.length < 2) return false;
+    return tokens.includes(parts[0]) || tokens.includes(parts[parts.length - 1]);
+  }
 
   // Template-like: "Brand | Home" or "Home - Brand" where the page-specific part is a generic token.
   const templateLike =
     /\b(home|homepage|welcome)\b\s*(\||-|—|:)\s*.+/i.test(titleText) ||
-    /.+\s*(\||-|—|:)\s*\b(home|homepage|welcome)\b/i.test(titleText);
+    /.+\s*(\||-|—|:)\s*\b(home|homepage|welcome)\b/i.test(titleText) ||
+    isLocalTemplate(titleNorm);
 
   if (isGeneric || isVeryShort || templateLike) {
     const reasonCode = isGeneric
@@ -271,7 +340,7 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
           ? 'pageTitlePatterns_summary_cantTell_veryShort'
           : 'pageTitlePatterns_summary_cantTell_templateLike';
     const occBase = {
-      selector: 'head > title',
+      selector: titleSelector,
       html: '',
       summary:
         'The page title may not be descriptive enough to identify the page topic or purpose.',

package/src/checks/manual/skip-link-manual.js

@@ -8,15 +8,19 @@
  * @summary A "skip" link must resolve to a real, usable target
  * @standard Best Practices (no formal WCAG Success Criterion)
  * @applicability
- *   Applies to <a href="#fragment"> elements whose accessible name
- *   matches a common "skip to ..." / "jump to ..." authoring convention
- *   (case-insensitive "skip" or "jump to" in the name), the recognizable
- *   pattern for a skip-navigation link, not every same-page anchor link
- *   on the page. "jump to" is included alongside "skip" since real skip
- *   links use both conventions (e.g. a "Jump to section" link, which a
- *   purely positional match would catch but a "skip"-only text pattern
- *   would miss). Text-pattern matching itself stays intentional (see
- *   implementation-notes); this only widens the known-convention list.
+ *   Applies to <a href="#fragment"> elements that are skip links by one of
+ *   two signs:
+ *   - the accessible name follows a common skip-link wording in one of the
+ *     shipped locales: "skip" or "jump to" (English); "aller au contenu",
+ *     "passer au contenu", "accéder au contenu", "accès direct", "évitement"
+ *     (French); "springen", "überspringen", "direkt zum", "zum Inhalt"
+ *     (German); "saltar", "ir al contenido" (Spanish); "スキップ", "本文へ"
+ *     (Japanese). "jump to" sits beside "skip" because real skip links use
+ *     both conventions (e.g. a "Jump to section" link);
+ *   - or it is the first link in the document, and it comes before the
+ *     `main` element (or `[role="main"]`): the usual place of a skip link
+ *     whatever its wording.
+ *   Other same-page anchor links are not skip links and are left alone.
  * @expectation
  *   The link's fragment resolves to a real element in the document
  *   (via a matching id, or a legacy <a name="...">), and that target is
@@ -28,10 +32,12 @@
  * - Not WCAG-normative, authored as an advisory, cantTell-capped
  *   `type: 'manual'` rule; see landmark-banner-is-top-level's
  *   header comment for the shared rationale/precedent.
- * - Keyed on the "skip" text-pattern convention rather than positional
- *   heuristics (first link in tab order, etc.), matching the same
- *   deliberate-leniency reasoning documented in
- *   bypass-blocks-present's implementation notes.
+ * - Keyed mainly on the wording, matching the same deliberate-leniency
+ *   reasoning documented in bypass-blocks-present's implementation notes.
+ *   The one positional sign is narrow on purpose: only the page's very
+ *   first link, and only when a main landmark follows it, so an ordinary
+ *   in-page link (a "Menu" toggle after other links, a table of contents)
+ *   is not taken for a skip link.
  */
 
 const id = 'skip-link';
@@ -109,10 +115,32 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
 
   const geometrySupported = hasReliableGeometrySupport();
 
+  // Skip-link wording in the shipped locales, one list for every rule that
+  // looks for a skip link (helpers.hasSkipLinkWording, docs/RULE_HELPERS.md).
+  const hasSkipWording = (name) => helpers.hasSkipLinkWording(name);
+
   const nodes = helpers.queryAllSmart
     ? helpers.queryAllSmart('a[href]')
     : helpers.queryAll('a[href]');
 
+  // The page's first link, when it comes before the main landmark, is where a
+  // skip link sits whatever its wording.
+  let positionalSkipLink = null;
+  try {
+    const main = document.querySelector('main, [role="main"]');
+    const first = nodes.length ? nodes[0] : null;
+    if (
+      main &&
+      first &&
+      typeof first.compareDocumentPosition === 'function' &&
+      first.compareDocumentPosition(main) & 4 // Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_FOLLOWING
+    ) {
+      positionalSkipLink = first;
+    }
+  } catch {
+    positionalSkipLink = null;
+  }
+
   const occurrences = [];
   let applicableCount = 0;
 
@@ -123,7 +151,7 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
     if (href.length < 2 || href.charAt(0) !== '#') continue;
 
     const name = getAccessibleNameText(el);
-    if (!/skip/i.test(name) && !/jump\s*to/i.test(name)) continue;
+    if (el !== positionalSkipLink && !hasSkipWording(name)) continue;
 
     applicableCount += 1;
 

package/src/checks/manual/table-fake-caption-manual.js

@@ -11,7 +11,12 @@
  * @applicability
  *   `<table>` elements with no `<caption>` child, at least two rows, and
  *   a first row containing exactly one non-empty-text cell while at
- *   least one other row has more than one cell.
+ *   least one other row has more than one cell. Left out: a table whose
+ *   role (first token) is anything but table, grid or treegrid, such as a
+ *   layout table with role="presentation", which needs no caption; and a
+ *   table already named by a non-empty aria-label, an aria-labelledby that
+ *   resolves to text, or a non-empty title, which WCAG accepts as the
+ *   table's title.
  * @expectation
  *   A single lone cell in the first row, sitting above rows that clearly
  *   have multiple columns, strongly suggests the author is using it as a
@@ -79,6 +84,31 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
     }
   }
 
+  const getAriaNameInfo =
+    helpers && typeof helpers.getAriaNameInfo === 'function' ? helpers.getAriaNameInfo : null;
+
+  const TABLE_ROLES = ['table', 'grid', 'treegrid'];
+
+  function hasOtherRole(table) {
+    const role = trim(table.getAttribute('role')).toLowerCase().split(/\s+/)[0];
+    return !!role && !TABLE_ROLES.includes(role);
+  }
+
+  // A name from aria-labelledby, aria-label or title already gives the table
+  // a title that assistive technology announces.
+  function isNamed(table) {
+    if (trim(table.getAttribute('title'))) return true;
+    if (getAriaNameInfo) {
+      try {
+        const aria = getAriaNameInfo(table, ctx);
+        return !!(aria && aria.present && trim(aria.value));
+      } catch {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return !!trim(table.getAttribute('aria-label'));
+  }
+
   const nodes = helpers.queryAllSmart ? helpers.queryAllSmart('table') : helpers.queryAll('table');
 
   const occurrences = [];
@@ -89,6 +119,7 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
 
     const hasCaption = !!(table.querySelector && table.querySelector('caption'));
     if (hasCaption) continue;
+    if (hasOtherRole(table) || isNamed(table)) continue;
 
     // An aria-hidden row (or cell) isn't part of the AT-perceived table
     // structure at all -- it must not be treated as the table's "first

package/src/checks/manual/video-caption-manual.js

@@ -19,14 +19,15 @@
  *   fail), matching the precedent set by
  *   `media-alternative-transcript-evidence` for the same class
  *   of "normatively mapped but not statically verifiable" gap. A <video>
- *   with a `<track kind="captions">` (or `kind="subtitles"`, commonly
- *   used interchangeably in the wild even though captions and subtitles
- *   serve technically distinct purposes) whose `src` is non-empty is not
- *   flagged; everything else is flagged for human review.
+ *   with a `<track kind="captions">` whose `src` is non-empty is not
+ *   flagged; everything else is flagged for human review. A video whose
+ *   only text tracks are subtitles (`kind="subtitles"`, or no `kind`,
+ *   which HTML treats as subtitles) gets its own question: subtitles may
+ *   be a translation of the dialogue only, without the speaker and sound
+ *   information captions carry.
  * @implementation-notes
  * - Does not attempt to verify the referenced track file's content,
- *   only that a captions/subtitles track is declared with a non-empty
- *   `src`.
+ *   only that a captions track is declared with a non-empty `src`.
  */
 
 const id = 'video-caption';
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ const id = 'video-caption';
 const meta = {
   title: 'Prerecorded video should provide a captions track',
   description:
-    'Flags <video> elements with no <track kind="captions"|"subtitles"> child, for manual review of whether the video has an audio track that needs captions.',
+    'Flags <video> elements with no <track kind="captions"> child, for manual review of whether the video has an audio track that needs captions; a subtitles track alone may be a translation only.',
   i18n: {
     titleKey: 'videoCaption_title',
     descriptionKey: 'videoCaption_description'
@@ -72,14 +73,20 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
     applicableCount += 1;
 
     let hasCaptionsTrack = false;
+    let hasSubtitlesTrack = false;
     const tracks = el.querySelectorAll('track');
     for (const t of tracks) {
-      const kind = (t.getAttribute('kind') || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+      // A missing kind means subtitles (HTML's missing-value default).
+      const kind = t.hasAttribute('kind')
+        ? (t.getAttribute('kind') || '').trim().toLowerCase()
+        : 'subtitles';
       const src = (t.getAttribute('src') || '').trim();
-      if ((kind === 'captions' || kind === 'subtitles') && src) {
+      if (!src) continue;
+      if (kind === 'captions') {
         hasCaptionsTrack = true;
         break;
       }
+      if (kind === 'subtitles') hasSubtitlesTrack = true;
     }
 
     if (hasCaptionsTrack) continue;
@@ -87,20 +94,36 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
     const stableSelector = helpers.buildSelector ? helpers.buildSelector(el) : 'html';
     const html = helpers.getOuterHtmlSnippet ? helpers.getOuterHtmlSnippet(el) : el.outerHTML || '';
 
-    const baseOccurrence = {
-      selector: stableSelector,
-      html,
-      summary: 'This video has no captions (or subtitles) track.',
-      hint: 'If this video has an audio track that conveys information, add a <track kind="captions" src="..."> with the captioned content.',
-      i18n: {
-        summaryKey: 'videoCaption_summary_cantTell',
-        hintKey: 'videoCaption_hint_cantTell',
-        params: {}
-      },
-      data: {
-        details: { reasonCode: 'CAPTIONS_TRACK_NOT_DETECTED' }
-      }
-    };
+    const baseOccurrence = hasSubtitlesTrack
+      ? {
+          selector: stableSelector,
+          html,
+          summary:
+            'This video has only subtitles tracks, which may translate the dialogue without the speaker and sound information captions carry.',
+          hint: 'If this video has an audio track that conveys information, check that a subtitles track is in fact captions, and mark it <track kind="captions">; otherwise add a captions track.',
+          i18n: {
+            summaryKey: 'videoCaption_summary_cantTell_subtitlesOnly',
+            hintKey: 'videoCaption_hint_cantTell_subtitlesOnly',
+            params: {}
+          },
+          data: {
+            details: { reasonCode: 'SUBTITLES_TRACK_ONLY' }
+          }
+        }
+      : {
+          selector: stableSelector,
+          html,
+          summary: 'This video has no captions track.',
+          hint: 'If this video has an audio track that conveys information, add a <track kind="captions" src="..."> with the captioned content.',
+          i18n: {
+            summaryKey: 'videoCaption_summary_cantTell',
+            hintKey: 'videoCaption_hint_cantTell',
+            params: {}
+          },
+          data: {
+            details: { reasonCode: 'CAPTIONS_TRACK_NOT_DETECTED' }
+          }
+        };
 
     if (helpers && typeof helpers.reportOccurrence === 'function') {
       occurrences.push(helpers.reportOccurrence(el, baseOccurrence));
@@ -123,7 +146,7 @@ function runInPage(ctx) {
   }
 
   // Manual rules may only emit cantTell/notApplicable (never pass/fail):
-  // every <video> already has a captions/subtitles track.
+  // every <video> already has a captions track.
   return { ruleId: rule.ruleId, outcome: 'notApplicable', severity: 'minor', occurrences: [] };
 }
 

package/src/checks/manual-review.js

@@ -63,10 +63,6 @@ const meta = {
       url: 'https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#focus-visible'
     },
 
-    { standard: 'EN 301 549', version: 'V3.2.1', requirement: '9.2.1.1', title: 'Keyboard' },
-    { standard: 'EN 301 549', version: 'V3.2.1', requirement: '9.2.4.3', title: 'Focus Order' },
-    { standard: 'EN 301 549', version: 'V3.2.1', requirement: '9.2.4.7', title: 'Focus Visible' },
-
     {
       standard: 'WCAG',
       version: '2.2',