@su-record/vibe 2.9.25 → 2.9.32

package/skills/typescript-advanced-types/rubrics/type-patterns.md

@@ -1,109 +1,109 @@
-# Advanced TypeScript Type Patterns
-
-## Discriminated Unions
-
-Use a literal `kind`/`type` field to let TypeScript narrow exhaustively.
-
-```typescript
-type Result<T> =
-  | { kind: 'ok'; value: T }
-  | { kind: 'err'; error: string };
-
-function handle<T>(r: Result<T>): T {
-  if (r.kind === 'ok') return r.value;   // narrowed: r.value exists
-  throw new Error(r.error);              // narrowed: r.error exists
-}
-```
-
-**Exhaustive check pattern** — compile-time guard against missing branches:
-
-```typescript
-function assertNever(x: never): never {
-  throw new Error(`Unhandled case: ${JSON.stringify(x)}`);
-}
-// In switch default: case: return assertNever(action);
-```
-
-## Template Literal Types
-
-Compose string types at the type level.
-
-```typescript
-type EventName = 'click' | 'focus' | 'blur';
-type Handler = `on${Capitalize<EventName>}`;
-// → 'onClick' | 'onFocus' | 'onBlur'
-
-type RouteParam<T extends string> =
-  T extends `${infer _Start}:${infer Param}/${infer Rest}`
-    ? Param | RouteParam<Rest>
-    : T extends `${infer _Start}:${infer Param}`
-    ? Param
-    : never;
-// RouteParam<'/user/:id/post/:postId'> → 'id' | 'postId'
-```
-
-**Gotcha**: Template literals distribute over unions — one type per combination.
-
-## Conditional Types
-
-Branch the type system on type relationships.
-
-```typescript
-type NonNullable<T> = T extends null | undefined ? never : T;
-type Awaited<T> = T extends Promise<infer U> ? Awaited<U> : T;
-```
-
-**Distributive gotcha** — to prevent distribution, wrap in a tuple:
-
-```typescript
-type IsArray<T> = T extends unknown[] ? true : false;
-// IsArray<string | number[]> → boolean (distributed!)
-
-type IsArrayExact<T> = [T] extends [unknown[]] ? true : false;
-// IsArrayExact<string | number[]> → false (no distribution)
-```
-
-## Mapped Types
-
-Transform every property in a type.
-
-```typescript
-type Readonly<T> = { readonly [K in keyof T]: T[K] };
-type Optional<T> = { [K in keyof T]?: T[K] };
-
-// Key remapping with 'as'
-type Getters<T> = {
-  [K in keyof T as `get${Capitalize<string & K>}`]: () => T[K];
-};
-// Getters<{ name: string }> → { getName: () => string }
-```
-
-## Branded / Opaque Types
-
-Prevent mixing semantically different strings/numbers.
-
-```typescript
-type UserId = string & { readonly _brand: 'UserId' };
-type PostId = string & { readonly _brand: 'PostId' };
-
-function toUserId(id: string): UserId {
-  return id as UserId;  // only one cast, at the boundary
-}
-// toUserId('abc') satisfies UserId ✅
-// 'raw-string' satisfies UserId    ✗ (compile error)
-```
-
-## `satisfies` vs `as const`
-
-```typescript
-const config = {
-  port: 3000,
-  host: 'localhost',
-} satisfies Record<string, string | number>;
-// satisfies: validates shape AND keeps literal types (port: 3000, not number)
-
-const colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue'] as const;
-// as const: freezes to readonly tuple of literals
-```
-
-Use `satisfies` when you need both **validation** and **literal type preservation**.
+# Advanced TypeScript Type Patterns
+
+## Discriminated Unions
+
+Use a literal `kind`/`type` field to let TypeScript narrow exhaustively.
+
+```typescript
+type Result<T> =
+  | { kind: 'ok'; value: T }
+  | { kind: 'err'; error: string };
+
+function handle<T>(r: Result<T>): T {
+  if (r.kind === 'ok') return r.value;   // narrowed: r.value exists
+  throw new Error(r.error);              // narrowed: r.error exists
+}
+```
+
+**Exhaustive check pattern** — compile-time guard against missing branches:
+
+```typescript
+function assertNever(x: never): never {
+  throw new Error(`Unhandled case: ${JSON.stringify(x)}`);
+}
+// In switch default: case: return assertNever(action);
+```
+
+## Template Literal Types
+
+Compose string types at the type level.
+
+```typescript
+type EventName = 'click' | 'focus' | 'blur';
+type Handler = `on${Capitalize<EventName>}`;
+// → 'onClick' | 'onFocus' | 'onBlur'
+
+type RouteParam<T extends string> =
+  T extends `${infer _Start}:${infer Param}/${infer Rest}`
+    ? Param | RouteParam<Rest>
+    : T extends `${infer _Start}:${infer Param}`
+    ? Param
+    : never;
+// RouteParam<'/user/:id/post/:postId'> → 'id' | 'postId'
+```
+
+**Gotcha**: Template literals distribute over unions — one type per combination.
+
+## Conditional Types
+
+Branch the type system on type relationships.
+
+```typescript
+type NonNullable<T> = T extends null | undefined ? never : T;
+type Awaited<T> = T extends Promise<infer U> ? Awaited<U> : T;
+```
+
+**Distributive gotcha** — to prevent distribution, wrap in a tuple:
+
+```typescript
+type IsArray<T> = T extends unknown[] ? true : false;
+// IsArray<string | number[]> → boolean (distributed!)
+
+type IsArrayExact<T> = [T] extends [unknown[]] ? true : false;
+// IsArrayExact<string | number[]> → false (no distribution)
+```
+
+## Mapped Types
+
+Transform every property in a type.
+
+```typescript
+type Readonly<T> = { readonly [K in keyof T]: T[K] };
+type Optional<T> = { [K in keyof T]?: T[K] };
+
+// Key remapping with 'as'
+type Getters<T> = {
+  [K in keyof T as `get${Capitalize<string & K>}`]: () => T[K];
+};
+// Getters<{ name: string }> → { getName: () => string }
+```
+
+## Branded / Opaque Types
+
+Prevent mixing semantically different strings/numbers.
+
+```typescript
+type UserId = string & { readonly _brand: 'UserId' };
+type PostId = string & { readonly _brand: 'PostId' };
+
+function toUserId(id: string): UserId {
+  return id as UserId;  // only one cast, at the boundary
+}
+// toUserId('abc') satisfies UserId ✅
+// 'raw-string' satisfies UserId    ✗ (compile error)
+```
+
+## `satisfies` vs `as const`
+
+```typescript
+const config = {
+  port: 3000,
+  host: 'localhost',
+} satisfies Record<string, string | number>;
+// satisfies: validates shape AND keeps literal types (port: 3000, not number)
+
+const colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue'] as const;
+// as const: freezes to readonly tuple of literals
+```
+
+Use `satisfies` when you need both **validation** and **literal type preservation**.