@su-record/vibe 2.4.34 → 2.4.36

package/languages/rust.md

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+# 🦀 Rust 품질 규칙
+
+## 핵심 원칙 (core에서 상속)
+
+```markdown
+✅ 단일 책임 (SRP)
+✅ 중복 제거 (DRY)
+✅ 재사용성
+✅ 낮은 복잡도
+✅ 함수 ≤ 30줄
+✅ 중첩 ≤ 3단계
+✅ Cyclomatic complexity ≤ 10
+```
+
+## Rust 특화 규칙
+
+### 1. 에러 처리 (Result, Option)
+
+```rust
+// ❌ unwrap() 남용
+let content = fs::read_to_string("config.json").unwrap();
+
+// ✅ ? 연산자와 적절한 에러 처리
+fn read_config(path: &str) -> Result<Config, ConfigError> {
+    let content = fs::read_to_string(path)
+        .map_err(|e| ConfigError::IoError(e))?;
+
+    let config: Config = serde_json::from_str(&content)
+        .map_err(|e| ConfigError::ParseError(e))?;
+
+    Ok(config)
+}
+
+// ✅ 커스텀 에러 타입 (thiserror)
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum AppError {
+    #[error("설정 파일을 읽을 수 없습니다: {0}")]
+    ConfigError(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+    #[error("잘못된 요청입니다: {0}")]
+    BadRequest(String),
+
+    #[error("리소스를 찾을 수 없습니다: {resource} (ID: {id})")]
+    NotFound { resource: String, id: String },
+
+    #[error("데이터베이스 오류: {0}")]
+    DatabaseError(#[from] sqlx::Error),
+}
+
+// ✅ anyhow로 간편한 에러 처리 (애플리케이션 레벨)
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+
+fn process_file(path: &str) -> Result<String> {
+    let content = fs::read_to_string(path)
+        .context(format!("파일을 읽을 수 없습니다: {}", path))?;
+
+    Ok(content)
+}
+```
+
+### 2. 구조체와 트레이트
+
+```rust
+// ✅ 구조체 정의
+use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct User {
+    pub id: Uuid,
+    pub email: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub created_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+    pub updated_at: DateTime<Utc>,
+}
+
+impl User {
+    pub fn new(email: String, name: String) -> Self {
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        Self {
+            id: Uuid::new_v4(),
+            email,
+            name,
+            created_at: now,
+            updated_at: now,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ✅ 트레이트 정의
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait UserRepository: Send + Sync {
+    async fn find_by_id(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<Option<User>, AppError>;
+    async fn find_by_email(&self, email: &str) -> Result<Option<User>, AppError>;
+    async fn create(&self, user: &User) -> Result<User, AppError>;
+    async fn update(&self, user: &User) -> Result<User, AppError>;
+    async fn delete(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<(), AppError>;
+}
+
+// ✅ 트레이트 구현
+pub struct PostgresUserRepository {
+    pool: PgPool,
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl UserRepository for PostgresUserRepository {
+    async fn find_by_id(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<Option<User>, AppError> {
+        let user = sqlx::query_as!(
+            User,
+            "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $1",
+            id
+        )
+        .fetch_optional(&self.pool)
+        .await?;
+
+        Ok(user)
+    }
+
+    // ... 다른 메서드 구현
+}
+```
+
+### 3. Actix-web / Axum 핸들러
+
+```rust
+// ✅ Axum 핸들러
+use axum::{
+    extract::{Path, State, Json},
+    http::StatusCode,
+    response::IntoResponse,
+};
+
+pub async fn get_user(
+    State(repo): State<Arc<dyn UserRepository>>,
+    Path(id): Path<Uuid>,
+) -> Result<Json<User>, AppError> {
+    let user = repo
+        .find_by_id(id)
+        .await?
+        .ok_or(AppError::NotFound {
+            resource: "사용자".to_string(),
+            id: id.to_string(),
+        })?;
+
+    Ok(Json(user))
+}
+
+pub async fn create_user(
+    State(repo): State<Arc<dyn UserRepository>>,
+    Json(dto): Json<CreateUserDto>,
+) -> Result<(StatusCode, Json<User>), AppError> {
+    let user = User::new(dto.email, dto.name);
+    let created = repo.create(&user).await?;
+
+    Ok((StatusCode::CREATED, Json(created)))
+}
+
+// ✅ Actix-web 핸들러
+use actix_web::{web, HttpResponse, Result};
+
+pub async fn get_user(
+    repo: web::Data<dyn UserRepository>,
+    path: web::Path<Uuid>,
+) -> Result<HttpResponse, AppError> {
+    let id = path.into_inner();
+    let user = repo
+        .find_by_id(id)
+        .await?
+        .ok_or(AppError::NotFound {
+            resource: "사용자".to_string(),
+            id: id.to_string(),
+        })?;
+
+    Ok(HttpResponse::Ok().json(user))
+}
+```
+
+### 4. 소유권과 생명주기
+
+```rust
+// ❌ 불필요한 클론
+fn process(data: &Vec<String>) -> Vec<String> {
+    let cloned = data.clone();  // 불필요
+    cloned.iter().map(|s| s.to_uppercase()).collect()
+}
+
+// ✅ 참조 활용
+fn process(data: &[String]) -> Vec<String> {
+    data.iter().map(|s| s.to_uppercase()).collect()
+}
+
+// ✅ 생명주기 명시
+pub struct UserService<'a> {
+    repo: &'a dyn UserRepository,
+    cache: &'a dyn CacheRepository,
+}
+
+impl<'a> UserService<'a> {
+    pub fn new(
+        repo: &'a dyn UserRepository,
+        cache: &'a dyn CacheRepository,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self { repo, cache }
+    }
+}
+
+// ✅ 소유권 이전 vs 빌려오기
+fn take_ownership(s: String) { /* s의 소유권을 가짐 */ }
+fn borrow(s: &str) { /* s를 빌려옴 */ }
+fn borrow_mut(s: &mut String) { /* s를 가변 빌려옴 */ }
+```
+
+### 5. 비동기 처리 (Tokio)
+
+```rust
+// ✅ 비동기 함수
+use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};
+
+pub async fn fetch_with_retry<T, F, Fut>(
+    f: F,
+    max_retries: u32,
+) -> Result<T, AppError>
+where
+    F: Fn() -> Fut,
+    Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Result<T, AppError>>,
+{
+    let mut attempts = 0;
+
+    loop {
+        match f().await {
+            Ok(result) => return Ok(result),
+            Err(e) if attempts < max_retries => {
+                attempts += 1;
+                let delay = Duration::from_millis(100 * 2_u64.pow(attempts));
+                sleep(delay).await;
+            }
+            Err(e) => return Err(e),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ✅ 동시 실행
+use futures::future::join_all;
+
+pub async fn fetch_users(ids: Vec<Uuid>) -> Vec<Result<User, AppError>> {
+    let futures: Vec<_> = ids
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|id| fetch_user(id))
+        .collect();
+
+    join_all(futures).await
+}
+
+// ✅ tokio::spawn으로 태스크 생성
+pub async fn background_job() {
+    tokio::spawn(async {
+        loop {
+            process_queue().await;
+            sleep(Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
+        }
+    });
+}
+```
+
+### 6. 테스트
+
+```rust
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use mockall::predicate::*;
+    use mockall::mock;
+
+    // ✅ Mock 생성
+    mock! {
+        pub UserRepo {}
+
+        #[async_trait]
+        impl UserRepository for UserRepo {
+            async fn find_by_id(&self, id: Uuid) -> Result<Option<User>, AppError>;
+            async fn create(&self, user: &User) -> Result<User, AppError>;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ✅ 단위 테스트
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_get_user_success() {
+        let mut mock_repo = MockUserRepo::new();
+        let user_id = Uuid::new_v4();
+        let expected_user = User::new("test@example.com".into(), "테스트".into());
+
+        mock_repo
+            .expect_find_by_id()
+            .with(eq(user_id))
+            .returning(move |_| Ok(Some(expected_user.clone())));
+
+        let service = UserService::new(Arc::new(mock_repo));
+        let result = service.get_user(user_id).await;
+
+        assert!(result.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(result.unwrap().email, "test@example.com");
+    }
+
+    // ✅ 에러 케이스 테스트
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_get_user_not_found() {
+        let mut mock_repo = MockUserRepo::new();
+        let user_id = Uuid::new_v4();
+
+        mock_repo
+            .expect_find_by_id()
+            .returning(|_| Ok(None));
+
+        let service = UserService::new(Arc::new(mock_repo));
+        let result = service.get_user(user_id).await;
+
+        assert!(matches!(result, Err(AppError::NotFound { .. })));
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 7. 의존성 주입
+
+```rust
+// ✅ 생성자 주입
+pub struct UserService {
+    repo: Arc<dyn UserRepository>,
+    cache: Arc<dyn CacheRepository>,
+}
+
+impl UserService {
+    pub fn new(
+        repo: Arc<dyn UserRepository>,
+        cache: Arc<dyn CacheRepository>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self { repo, cache }
+    }
+}
+
+// ✅ Builder 패턴
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct ServerBuilder {
+    port: Option<u16>,
+    host: Option<String>,
+    timeout: Option<Duration>,
+}
+
+impl ServerBuilder {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    pub fn port(mut self, port: u16) -> Self {
+        self.port = Some(port);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn host(mut self, host: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        self.host = Some(host.into());
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn timeout(mut self, timeout: Duration) -> Self {
+        self.timeout = Some(timeout);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn build(self) -> Server {
+        Server {
+            port: self.port.unwrap_or(8080),
+            host: self.host.unwrap_or_else(|| "127.0.0.1".into()),
+            timeout: self.timeout.unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(30)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// 사용
+let server = ServerBuilder::new()
+    .port(3000)
+    .host("0.0.0.0")
+    .timeout(Duration::from_secs(60))
+    .build();
+```
+
+## 파일 구조
+
+```
+project/
+├── src/
+│   ├── main.rs              # 엔트리포인트
+│   ├── lib.rs               # 라이브러리 루트
+│   ├── config.rs            # 설정
+│   ├── error.rs             # 에러 정의
+│   ├── domain/              # 도메인 모델
+│   │   ├── mod.rs
+│   │   └── user.rs
+│   ├── handlers/            # HTTP 핸들러
+│   │   ├── mod.rs
+│   │   └── user.rs
+│   ├── services/            # 비즈니스 로직
+│   │   ├── mod.rs
+│   │   └── user.rs
+│   ├── repositories/        # 데이터 액세스
+│   │   ├── mod.rs
+│   │   └── user.rs
+│   └── middleware/          # 미들웨어
+├── tests/                   # 통합 테스트
+├── migrations/              # DB 마이그레이션
+├── Cargo.toml
+└── Cargo.lock
+```
+
+## 체크리스트
+
+- [ ] unwrap()/expect() 최소화, ? 연산자 활용
+- [ ] thiserror/anyhow로 에러 처리
+- [ ] 트레이트로 추상화, 의존성 주입
+- [ ] Clone 최소화, 참조 활용
+- [ ] async/await 적절히 사용
+- [ ] clippy 경고 해결
+- [ ] cargo fmt 적용
+- [ ] #[cfg(test)] 모듈로 테스트 작성