@su-record/vibe 2.2.4 → 2.3.0

package/.claude/vibe/rules/languages/python-django.md

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+# 🐍 Python + Django 품질 규칙
+
+## 핵심 원칙 (core에서 상속)
+
+```markdown
+✅ 단일 책임 (SRP)
+✅ 중복 제거 (DRY)
+✅ 재사용성
+✅ 낮은 복잡도
+✅ 함수 ≤ 30줄
+✅ 중첩 ≤ 3단계
+✅ Cyclomatic complexity ≤ 10
+```
+
+## Django 특화 규칙
+
+### 1. Model 설계
+
+```python
+# ✅ models.py
+from django.db import models
+from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
+from django.utils import timezone
+
+
+class BaseModel(models.Model):
+    """공통 필드를 가진 추상 모델"""
+    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
+    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
+
+    class Meta:
+        abstract = True
+
+
+class User(AbstractUser):
+    """커스텀 사용자 모델"""
+    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
+    phone = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
+    profile_image = models.ImageField(upload_to='profiles/', blank=True)
+
+    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
+    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['username']
+
+    class Meta:
+        db_table = 'users'
+        verbose_name = '사용자'
+        verbose_name_plural = '사용자들'
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.email
+
+
+class Post(BaseModel):
+    """게시글 모델"""
+    author = models.ForeignKey(
+        User,
+        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
+        related_name='posts',
+        verbose_name='작성자'
+    )
+    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='제목')
+    content = models.TextField(verbose_name='내용')
+    is_published = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='게시 여부')
+    published_at = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
+
+    class Meta:
+        db_table = 'posts'
+        ordering = ['-created_at']
+        verbose_name = '게시글'
+        verbose_name_plural = '게시글들'
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.title
+
+    def publish(self):
+        """게시글 발행"""
+        self.is_published = True
+        self.published_at = timezone.now()
+        self.save(update_fields=['is_published', 'published_at'])
+```
+
+### 2. View (Class-Based Views 권장)
+
+```python
+# ✅ views.py
+from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView, CreateView, UpdateView
+from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
+from django.urls import reverse_lazy
+from .models import Post
+from .forms import PostForm
+
+
+class PostListView(ListView):
+    """게시글 목록 뷰"""
+    model = Post
+    template_name = 'posts/list.html'
+    context_object_name = 'posts'
+    paginate_by = 10
+
+    def get_queryset(self):
+        queryset = super().get_queryset()
+        return queryset.filter(is_published=True).select_related('author')
+
+
+class PostDetailView(DetailView):
+    """게시글 상세 뷰"""
+    model = Post
+    template_name = 'posts/detail.html'
+    context_object_name = 'post'
+
+    def get_queryset(self):
+        return super().get_queryset().select_related('author')
+
+
+class PostCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
+    """게시글 생성 뷰"""
+    model = Post
+    form_class = PostForm
+    template_name = 'posts/form.html'
+    success_url = reverse_lazy('posts:list')
+
+    def form_valid(self, form):
+        form.instance.author = self.request.user
+        return super().form_valid(form)
+```
+
+### 3. Django REST Framework
+
+```python
+# ✅ serializers.py
+from rest_framework import serializers
+from .models import Post, User
+
+
+class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
+    """사용자 시리얼라이저"""
+    class Meta:
+        model = User
+        fields = ['id', 'email', 'username', 'profile_image']
+        read_only_fields = ['id']
+
+
+class PostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
+    """게시글 시리얼라이저"""
+    author = UserSerializer(read_only=True)
+    author_id = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(
+        queryset=User.objects.all(),
+        source='author',
+        write_only=True
+    )
+
+    class Meta:
+        model = Post
+        fields = [
+            'id', 'title', 'content', 'author', 'author_id',
+            'is_published', 'created_at', 'updated_at'
+        ]
+        read_only_fields = ['id', 'created_at', 'updated_at']
+
+    def validate_title(self, value):
+        if len(value) < 5:
+            raise serializers.ValidationError('제목은 5자 이상이어야 합니다')
+        return value
+
+
+# ✅ views.py (DRF)
+from rest_framework import viewsets, permissions, status
+from rest_framework.decorators import action
+from rest_framework.response import Response
+from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
+
+
+class PostViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
+    """게시글 ViewSet"""
+    queryset = Post.objects.all()
+    serializer_class = PostSerializer
+    permission_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly]
+    filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend]
+    filterset_fields = ['is_published', 'author']
+
+    def get_queryset(self):
+        queryset = super().get_queryset()
+        return queryset.select_related('author')
+
+    def perform_create(self, serializer):
+        serializer.save(author=self.request.user)
+
+    @action(detail=True, methods=['post'])
+    def publish(self, request, pk=None):
+        """게시글 발행 액션"""
+        post = self.get_object()
+
+        if post.author != request.user:
+            return Response(
+                {'error': '작성자만 발행할 수 있습니다'},
+                status=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN
+            )
+
+        post.publish()
+        return Response({'status': '발행되었습니다'})
+```
+
+### 4. Service 레이어 (Fat Model 방지)
+
+```python
+# ✅ services/post_service.py
+from django.db import transaction
+from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
+from ..models import Post, User
+
+
+class PostService:
+    """게시글 관련 비즈니스 로직"""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def create_post(author: User, title: str, content: str) -> Post:
+        """게시글 생성"""
+        post = Post.objects.create(
+            author=author,
+            title=title,
+            content=content
+        )
+        return post
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def publish_post(post: Post, user: User) -> Post:
+        """게시글 발행"""
+        if post.author != user:
+            raise PermissionDenied('작성자만 발행할 수 있습니다')
+
+        post.publish()
+        return post
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @transaction.atomic
+    def bulk_publish(post_ids: list[int], user: User) -> int:
+        """여러 게시글 일괄 발행"""
+        posts = Post.objects.filter(
+            id__in=post_ids,
+            author=user,
+            is_published=False
+        )
+
+        count = posts.update(
+            is_published=True,
+            published_at=timezone.now()
+        )
+        return count
+```
+
+### 5. Form 및 Validation
+
+```python
+# ✅ forms.py
+from django import forms
+from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
+from .models import Post
+
+
+class PostForm(forms.ModelForm):
+    """게시글 폼"""
+    class Meta:
+        model = Post
+        fields = ['title', 'content', 'is_published']
+        widgets = {
+            'title': forms.TextInput(attrs={
+                'class': 'form-control',
+                'placeholder': '제목을 입력하세요'
+            }),
+            'content': forms.Textarea(attrs={
+                'class': 'form-control',
+                'rows': 10
+            }),
+        }
+
+    def clean_title(self):
+        title = self.cleaned_data.get('title')
+        if len(title) < 5:
+            raise ValidationError('제목은 5자 이상이어야 합니다')
+        return title
+
+    def clean(self):
+        cleaned_data = super().clean()
+        title = cleaned_data.get('title')
+        content = cleaned_data.get('content')
+
+        if title and content and title in content:
+            raise ValidationError('본문에 제목이 포함되면 안 됩니다')
+
+        return cleaned_data
+```
+
+### 6. Custom Manager와 QuerySet
+
+```python
+# ✅ managers.py
+from django.db import models
+
+
+class PostQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
+    """게시글 QuerySet"""
+
+    def published(self):
+        return self.filter(is_published=True)
+
+    def by_author(self, user):
+        return self.filter(author=user)
+
+    def recent(self, days=7):
+        from django.utils import timezone
+        from datetime import timedelta
+        cutoff = timezone.now() - timedelta(days=days)
+        return self.filter(created_at__gte=cutoff)
+
+
+class PostManager(models.Manager):
+    """게시글 Manager"""
+
+    def get_queryset(self):
+        return PostQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)
+
+    def published(self):
+        return self.get_queryset().published()
+
+    def by_author(self, user):
+        return self.get_queryset().by_author(user)
+
+
+# 모델에서 사용
+class Post(BaseModel):
+    # ... fields ...
+    objects = PostManager()
+```
+
+## 파일 구조
+
+```
+app_name/
+├── migrations/          # DB 마이그레이션
+├── management/
+│   └── commands/        # 커스텀 명령어
+├── services/            # 비즈니스 로직
+├── api/
+│   ├── serializers.py   # DRF 시리얼라이저
+│   ├── views.py         # DRF 뷰
+│   └── urls.py          # API 라우팅
+├── templates/           # HTML 템플릿
+├── static/              # 정적 파일
+├── tests/
+│   ├── test_models.py
+│   ├── test_views.py
+│   └── test_services.py
+├── models.py            # 모델 (또는 models/ 디렉토리)
+├── views.py             # 뷰
+├── forms.py             # 폼
+├── managers.py          # 커스텀 매니저
+├── admin.py             # Admin 설정
+├── urls.py              # URL 라우팅
+└── apps.py              # 앱 설정
+```
+
+## 체크리스트
+
+- [ ] Model에 `__str__`, `Meta` 정의
+- [ ] CBV 사용 (권장)
+- [ ] Service 레이어로 비즈니스 로직 분리
+- [ ] select_related/prefetch_related로 N+1 방지
+- [ ] DRF Serializer로 입출력 검증
+- [ ] Custom Manager/QuerySet 활용
+- [ ] Type hints 사용 (Python 3.10+)
+- [ ] 한글 verbose_name 설정